fbpx
Wikipedia

Harbor

December 05, 2023

For other uses, see Harbor (disambiguation).

A harbor (American English), harbour (British English; see spelling differences), or haven is a sheltered body of water where ships, boats, and barges can be docked. The term harbor is often used interchangeably with port, which is a man-made facility built for loading and unloading vessels and dropping off and picking up passengers. Harbors usually include one or more ports. Alexandria Port in Egypt is an example of a harbor with two ports.

New York Harbor and the Hudson River in the foreground; the East River in the background.
Capri harbor, Italy seen from Anacapri.
Koyilandy Harbour, Kerala, India

Harbors may be natural or artificial. An artificial harbor can have deliberately constructed breakwaters, sea walls, or jettys or they can be constructed by dredging, which requires maintenance by further periodic dredging. An example of an artificial harbor is Long Beach Harbor, California, United States, which was an array of salt marshes and tidal flats too shallow for modern merchant ships before it was first dredged in the early 20th century.[1] In contrast, a natural harbor is surrounded on several sides by land. Examples of natural harbors include Sydney Harbour, New South Wales, Australia, Halifax Harbour in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada and Trincomalee Harbour in Sri Lanka.

Artificial harbors edit

Artificial harbors are frequently built for use as ports. The oldest artificial harbor known is the Ancient Egyptian site at Wadi al-Jarf, on the Red Sea coast, which is at least 4500 years old (ca. 2600-2550 BCE, reign of King Khufu). The largest artificially created harbor is Jebel Ali in Dubai.[2] Other large and busy artificial harbors include:

The Ancient Carthaginians constructed fortified, artificial harbors called cothons.

Natural harbors edit

 
Tanjung Perak is a famous example of a natural harbor in Indonesia. The harbor location in Madura Strait.

A natural harbor is a landform where a section of a body of water is protected and deep enough to allow anchorage. Many such harbors are rias. Natural harbors have long been of great strategic naval and economic importance, and many great cities of the world are located on them. Having a protected harbor reduces or eliminates the need for breakwaters as it will result in calmer waves inside the harbor. Some examples are:

Ice-free harbors edit

For harbors near the North and South poles, being ice-free is an important advantage, especially when it is year-round. Examples of these are:

The world's southernmost harbor, located at Antarctica's Winter Quarters Bay (77° 50′ South), is sometimes ice-free, depending on the summertime pack ice conditions.[3]

Important harbors edit

 
The tiny harbor at the village of Clovelly, Devon, England
 
Old Harbor in Lüneburg, Germany.
 
The harbor of Piraeus in Greece.
 
Port Jackson, Sydney.
 
The harbor of Gorey, Jersey falls dry at low tide.
 
Punta del Este's harbor – nicknamed the Monte Carlo of South America[4][5][6]
 
The harbor in Aberystwyth, painted c. 1850

Although the world's busiest port is a contested title, in 2017 the world's busiest harbor by cargo tonnage was the Port of Ningbo-Zhoushan.[7]

The following are large natural harbors:

 
Port of Szczecin, Poland
 
Valparaiso, Chile.

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ . Archived from the original on 2014-02-23. Retrieved 2014-01-21.
  2. ^ Hattendorf, John B. (2007), The Oxford encyclopedia of maritime history, Oxford University Press, p. 590, ISBN 978-0-19-513075-1
  3. ^ U.S. Polar Programs 2021-10-11 at the Wayback Machine National Science Foundation FY2000.
  4. ^ . FIA Formula E. Archived from the original on 2014-12-09. Retrieved 2014-08-24.
  5. ^ . FIA Formula E. 2014-06-20. Archived from the original on 2018-06-12. Retrieved 2014-08-24.
  6. ^ "Formula E unveils Punta del Este circuit in Uruguay". autosport.com. 2014-06-20. from the original on 2017-06-29. Retrieved 2014-08-24.
  7. ^ . Archived from the original on 2021-01-08. Retrieved 2021-10-29.

External links edit

December 05, 2023
harbor, other, uses, disambiguation, harbor, american, english, harbour, british, english, spelling, differences, haven, sheltered, body, water, where, ships, boats, barges, docked, term, harbor, often, used, interchangeably, with, port, which, made, facility,. For other uses see Harbor disambiguation A harbor American English harbour British English see spelling differences or haven is a sheltered body of water where ships boats and barges can be docked The term harbor is often used interchangeably with port which is a man made facility built for loading and unloading vessels and dropping off and picking up passengers Harbors usually include one or more ports Alexandria Port in Egypt is an example of a harbor with two ports New York Harbor and the Hudson River in the foreground the East River in the background Capri harbor Italy seen from Anacapri Koyilandy Harbour Kerala IndiaHarbors may be natural or artificial An artificial harbor can have deliberately constructed breakwaters sea walls or jettys or they can be constructed by dredging which requires maintenance by further periodic dredging An example of an artificial harbor is Long Beach Harbor California United States which was an array of salt marshes and tidal flats too shallow for modern merchant ships before it was first dredged in the early 20th century 1 In contrast a natural harbor is surrounded on several sides by land Examples of natural harbors include Sydney Harbour New South Wales Australia Halifax Harbour in Halifax Nova Scotia Canada and Trincomalee Harbour in Sri Lanka Contents 1 Artificial harbors 2 Natural harbors 3 Ice free harbors 4 Important harbors 5 See also 6 Notes 7 External linksArtificial harbors editArtificial harbors are frequently built for use as ports The oldest artificial harbor known is the Ancient Egyptian site at Wadi al Jarf on the Red Sea coast which is at least 4500 years old ca 2600 2550 BCE reign of King Khufu The largest artificially created harbor is Jebel Ali in Dubai 2 Other large and busy artificial harbors include Port of Houston Texas United States Port of Long Beach California United States Port of Los Angeles in San Pedro California United States Port of Rotterdam Netherlands Port of Savannah Georgia United States The Ancient Carthaginians constructed fortified artificial harbors called cothons Natural harbors edit nbsp Tanjung Perak is a famous example of a natural harbor in Indonesia The harbor location in Madura Strait A natural harbor is a landform where a section of a body of water is protected and deep enough to allow anchorage Many such harbors are rias Natural harbors have long been of great strategic naval and economic importance and many great cities of the world are located on them Having a protected harbor reduces or eliminates the need for breakwaters as it will result in calmer waves inside the harbor Some examples are Bali Strait Indonesia Berehaven Harbour Ireland Balikpapan Bay in East Kalimantan Indonesia Mumbai in Maharashtra India Boston Harbor in Massachusetts United States Burrard Inlet in Vancouver British Columbia Canada Chittagong in Chittagong Division Bangladesh Cork Harbour Ireland Grand Harbour Malta Guantanamo Bay Cuba Gulf of Paria Trinidad and Tobago Haifa Bay in Haifa Israel Halifax Harbour in Nova Scotia Canada Hamilton Harbour in Ontario Canada Killybegs in County Donegal Ireland Kingston Harbour Jamaica Marsamxett Harbour Malta Milford Haven in Wales United Kingdom New York Harbor in the United States Pago Pago Harbor in American Samoa Pearl Harbor in Hawaii United States Poole Harbour in England United Kingdom Port Hercules Principality of Monaco Sydney Harbour in New South Wales Australia technically a ria Port Stephens in Australia Tanjung Perak in Surabaya Indonesia Port of Tobruk in Tobruk Libya Presque Isle Bay in Pennsylvania United States Prince William Sound in Alaska United States Puget Sound in Washington state United States Rias Altas and Rias Baixas in Galicia Spain Roadstead of Brest in Brittany France San Francisco Bay in California United States Scapa Flow in Scotland United Kingdom Sept Iles in Cote Nord in Quebec Canada Shelburne in Nova Scotia Canada Subic Bay in Zambales Philippines Tampa Bay in Florida United States Trincomalee Harbour Sri Lanka Tuticorin in Tamil Nadu India Victoria Harbour in Hong Kong Visakhapatnam Harbour India Vizhinjam in Trivandrum India Waitemata Harbour in Auckland New Zealand Manukau Harbour in Auckland New ZealandIce free harbors editFor harbors near the North and South poles being ice free is an important advantage especially when it is year round Examples of these are Hammerfest Norway Liinakhamari Russia Murmansk Russia Nakhodka in Nakhodka Bay Russia Pechenga Russia Prince Rupert Canada Valdez United States Vardo Norway Vostochny Port RussiaThe world s southernmost harbor located at Antarctica s Winter Quarters Bay 77 50 South is sometimes ice free depending on the summertime pack ice conditions 3 Important harbors edit nbsp The tiny harbor at the village of Clovelly Devon England nbsp Old Harbor in Luneburg Germany nbsp The harbor of Piraeus in Greece nbsp Port Jackson Sydney nbsp The harbor of Gorey Jersey falls dry at low tide nbsp Punta del Este s harbor nicknamed the Monte Carlo of South America 4 5 6 nbsp The harbor in Aberystwyth painted c 1850Although the world s busiest port is a contested title in 2017 the world s busiest harbor by cargo tonnage was the Port of Ningbo Zhoushan 7 The following are large natural harbors Algeciras Spain Amsterdam Port of Amsterdam Netherlands Antwerp Port of Antwerp Flanders Belgium Baltimore s Inner Harbor Maryland United States Botwood Newfoundland Canada Bremerhaven Germany Buenos Aires Argentina Busan South Korea Calabar Nigeria Cartagena Colombia Charleston South Carolina United States Chennai Tamil Nadu India Cochin Port Kochi Kerala India Port of Chittagong Chittagong City Bangladesh Dnipro Ukraine Durban South Africa Falmouth Cornwall England United Kingdom Freetown Harbour Sierra Leone Golden Horn Istanbul Turkey Gothenburg Sweden Gwangyang South Korea Hai Phong Port Haiphong Vietnam Haifa Israel Hakodate Japan Halifax Harbour Nova Scotia Canada Hamburg Harbour Germany Hampton Roads Norfolk Virginia United States Havana Harbor Helsinki Finland Incheon South Korea Izmir Turkey Port of Jakarta Tanjung Priok Jakarta Indonesia Kaliningrad Russia Karachi Sindh Pakistan Kerch and Port Krym to Port Kavkaz Russia Kyiv Ukraine Kingston Jamaica Kobe Harbour Kobe Japan Port of Kolkata Kolkata West Bengal India Port of Lisbon Lisbon Portugal Lushunkou Dalian China Mahon Menorca Spain Manila Bay Philippines Maputo Mozambique Milford Haven Wales United Kingdom Milwaukee Wisconsin Montevideo Uruguay Mumbai India Nassau Bahamas New York Harbor United States Mykolaiv Ukraine Novorossiysk and Anapa Russia Odesa Ukraine Osaka Japan Oslofjord and Oslo Norway Parnu Estonia Plymouth Sound Devon England United Kingdom Port of Portland Casco Bay Maine United States Port of Sevastopol Sevastopol Crimea Port Phillip Melbourne Victoria Australia Provincetown Harbor Provincetown Massachusetts United States Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Bay Brazil Rostov on Don Russia Rotterdam Port of Rotterdam Netherlands Salvador All Saint s Bay Brazil San Antonio Chile San Diego Bay San Diego California United States Saint Petersburg Russia Sochi and Adlersky City District Russia Stockholm Sweden Tallinn Estonia Tanger Med Tangier Morocco Tanjung Perak Surabaya Indonesia Tauranga Harbour Tauranga New Zealand Tokyo Bay Tokyo Japan Trincomalee Sri Lanka Tuticorin Tamil Nadu India Port of Tyne Tyne amp Wear United Kingdom Ulsan South Korea Victoria amp Esquimalt Harbours Victoria British Columbia Canada Victoria Harbour Hong Kong Vizhinjam in Trivandrum India Vladivostok Russia Vyborg Russia Willemstad Curacao Wellington Harbour New Zealand Yevpatoria Russia Zaporizhzhia Ukraine nbsp Port of Szczecin Poland nbsp Valparaiso Chile See also editBoyd s Automatic tide signalling apparatus Dock Ice pier Inland harbor List of marinas List of seaports Mandracchio Marina Mulberry harbour Quay Roadstead Seaport Shipyard WharfNotes edit Geology 303 Ch 8 Los Angeles and Long Beach Harbors Archived from the original on 2014 02 23 Retrieved 2014 01 21 Hattendorf John B 2007 The Oxford encyclopedia of maritime history Oxford University Press p 590 ISBN 978 0 19 513075 1 U S Polar Programs Archived 2021 10 11 at the Wayback Machine National Science Foundation FY2000 Circuit Guide Punta del Este Uruguay FIA Formula E Archived from the original on 2014 12 09 Retrieved 2014 08 24 Formula E reveals circuit for Punta del Este ePrix FIA Formula E 2014 06 20 Archived from the original on 2018 06 12 Retrieved 2014 08 24 Formula E unveils Punta del Este circuit in Uruguay autosport com 2014 06 20 Archived from the original on 2017 06 29 Retrieved 2014 08 24 Global Port Development Annual Report 2017 Archived from the original on 2021 01 08 Retrieved 2021 10 29 External links edit nbsp Media related to Ports and harbours at Wikimedia Commons nbsp The dictionary definition of harbor at Wiktionary Harbor Maintenance Finance and Funding Congressional Research Service Harbor New International Encyclopedia 1905 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Harbor amp oldid 1180989291, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.