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Capri

Capri (/ˈkæpri/ KAP-ree, US also /kəˈpr, ˈkɑːpri/ kə-PREE, KAH-pree; Italian: [ˈkaːpri]; adjective Caprese) is an island located in the Tyrrhenian Sea off the Sorrento Peninsula, on the south side of the Gulf of Naples in the Campania region of Italy. The main town of Capri that is located on the island shares the name. It has been a resort since the time of the Roman Republic.

Capri
View from Termini
Capri
Geography
LocationTyrrhenian Sea
Coordinates40°33′00″N 14°14′00″E / 40.55000°N 14.23333°E / 40.55000; 14.23333
Area10.4 km2 (4.0 sq mi)
Highest elevation589 m (1932 ft)
Highest pointMonte Solaro
Administration
Italy
RegionCampania
Metropolitan CityNaples
Largest settlementCapri (pop. 7,278)
Demographics
Population12,903 (2022)
Pop. density1,170/km2 (3030/sq mi)

Some of the main features of the island include the Marina Piccola (the little harbour), the Belvedere of Tragara (a high panoramic promenade lined with villas), the limestone crags called sea stacks that project above the sea (the faraglioni), the town of Anacapri, the Blue Grotto (Grotta Azzurra), the ruins of the Imperial Roman villas, and the vistas of various towns surrounding the Island of Capri including Positano, Amalfi, Ravello, Sorrento, Nerano, and Naples.

Capri is part of the region of Campania, Metropolitan City of Naples. The town of Capri is a comune and the island's main population centre. The island has two harbours, Marina Piccola and Marina Grande (the main port of the island). The separate comune of Anacapri is located high on the hills to the west.

Etymology edit

The etymology of the name Capri is unclear; it might be traced back to the Ancient Greek κάπρος kápros meaning 'wild boar',[1] as the Greeks of Magna Graecia, who were the first recorded colonists to populate the island, called it Kapreai (Καπρέαι).[2] It could also derive from Latin capreae ('goats').[1] Fossils of wild boars have been discovered, lending credence to the kápros etymology; on the other hand, the Romans called Capri goat island.[citation needed]

Finally, there is also the possibility that the name derives from an Etruscan word for 'rocky', though any historical Etruscan rule of the island is disputed. Capri consists of limestone and sandstone rock; cliffs form much of the sides and surface of the island.[3]

Government edit

The voters of the island elect representatives for the two municipalities (comuni) on the island. The chosen representatives then choose two mayors to govern with them.[3]

History edit

Ancient and Roman times edit

 
The remains of Villa Jovis, built by emperor Tiberius and completed in AD 27

The island has been inhabited since early times. Evidence of human settlement was discovered during the Roman era; according to Suetonius, when the foundations for the villa of Augustus were being excavated, giant bones and 'weapons of stone' were discovered. The emperor ordered these to be displayed in the garden of his main residence, the Sea Palace.

at Capreae the monstrous bones of huge sea monsters and wild beasts, called the "bones of the giants," and the weapons of the heroes.[4]

Modern excavations have shown that human presence on the island can be dated to the Neolithic and the Bronze Age. Augustus developed Capri; he built temples, villas, aqueducts, and planted gardens so he could enjoy his private paradise.[5]

In his Aeneid, Virgil states that the island had been populated by the Greek people of Teleboi, coming from the Ionian Islands. Strabo says that "in ancient times in Capri there were two towns, later reduced to one."[6] Tacitus records that there were twelve Imperial villas in Capri. Ruins of one at Tragara could still be seen in the 19th century.[citation needed]

Augustus' successor Tiberius built a series of villas at Capri, the most famous of which is the Villa Jovis, one of the best-preserved Roman villas in Italy. In 27 AD, Tiberius permanently moved to Capri, running the Empire from there until his death in 37 AD.[citation needed]

In 182 AD, Emperor Commodus banished his sister Lucilla to Capri. She was executed shortly afterwards.[citation needed]

Middle and Modern Ages edit

 
Certosa di San Giacomo, a Carthusian monastery founded in 1363

After the end of the Western Roman Empire, Capri returned to the status of a dominion of Naples, and suffered various attacks and ravages by pirates. In 866 Emperor Louis II gave the island to Amalfi. In 987 Pope John XV consecrated the first bishop of Capri, when Capri, Scala, Minori, and Lettere were made dioceses to serve as suffragans of Amalfi, which thereby became a metropolitan see.[7] Capri continued to be a residential diocese until 1818, when the island became part of the archdiocese of Sorrento.[8] No longer a residential bishopric, Capri, Capreae in Latin, is today listed by the Catholic Church as a titular see.[9]

In 1496, Frederick IV of Naples established legal and administrative parity between the settlements of Capri and Anacapri. The pirate raids reached their peak during the reign of Charles V: the famous Turkish admirals Barbarossa Hayreddin Pasha and Turgut Reis captured the island for the Ottoman Empire, in 1535 and 1553, respectively.[citation needed]

The first recorded tourist to visit the island was French antiques dealer Jean-Jacques Bouchard in the 17th century. His diary, found in 1850, is an important information source about Capri.[citation needed]

1800s–present edit

 
In 1909–1911 Maxim Gorky lived on Capri at villa Behring (burgundy).

French troops under Napoleon occupied Capri in January 1806. The British ousted the French in the following May, after which Capri was turned into a powerful naval base (a "Second Gibraltar"), but the building program caused heavy damage to the archaeological sites. The French reconquered Capri in 1808, and remained there until the end of the Napoleonic era (1815), when Capri was returned to the Bourbon ruling house of Naples.[citation needed]

The natural scientist Ignazio Cerio catalogued Capri's flora and fauna during the 19th century. His work was continued by his son, author and engineer Edwin Cerio, who wrote several books on life in Capri in the 20th century.[citation needed]

Prior to the First World War the island was extremely popular with wealthy gay men. John Ellingham Brooks and Somerset Maugham shared a villa there.[10] Friedrich Alfred Krupp, the German industrialist, was accused of homosexual orgies[11] and eventually committed suicide.

Norman Douglas, Jacques d'Adelswärd-Fersen, Christian Wilhelm Allers, Emil von Behring, Curzio Malaparte, Axel Munthe, Louis Coatalen and Maxim Gorky are all reported to have owned a villa there, or to have stayed there for more than three months. Swedish Queen Victoria often stayed there because Axel Munthe was her doctor. Rose O'Neill, the American illustrator and creator of the Kewpie, owned the Villa Narcissus, formerly owned by the famous Beaux-Arts painter Charles Caryl Coleman. Dame Gracie Fields also had a villa and restaurant on the island and is buried there.[citation needed]

In 1908, Lenin was hosted by Maxim Gorky, the Russian author, at his house near the Giardini Augusto. In 1970, a monument by Giacomo Manzù was erected during the centennial celebration in Lenin's honour.[citation needed]

Capri, as with the Sicilian resort of Taormina, became "high on the list of places to be visited by homosexual northerners", according to Gregory Woods, chair in Gay and Lesbian Studies. The history of Taormina was changed by the presence of Wilhelm von Gloeden, known for his homoerotic photography, whose studio from 1878 to 1931 drew many visitors to the town. Both Capri and Taormina were tolerant of gay men and artists, and there was much interchange between the two places. In December 1897 Oscar Wilde was planning to winter in Naples with his lover Lord Alfred Douglas; the couple made a short visit to Capri, but their presence proved too scandalous for even that liberal island ("They even denied us bread!"), so "Bosie" headed back to England and Wilde made his way to Taormina, where he spent time with von Gloeden.[12] Jacques d'Adelswärd-Fersen, who settled in Capri and built Villa Lysis, visited von Gloeden in 1923, bringing with him his schoolboy lover/secretary.[13]

Today, Capri has become more of a resort and is visited by tourists during the summer months of July and August.[14] Mariah Carey owns a villa on the island.[citation needed]

 
A beach in Capri

Cultural references edit

 
The Blue Grotto

During the later half of the 19th century, Capri became a popular resort for European artists, writers and other celebrities. The book that spawned the 19th century fascination with Capri in France, Germany, and England was Entdeckung der blauen Grotte auf der Insel Capri ('Discovery of the Blue Grotto on the Isle of Capri') by the German painter and writer August Kopisch, in which he describes his 1826 stay on the island and his (re)discovery of the Blue Grotto.[citation needed]

 
John Singer Sargent: Head of a Capri Girl, 1878

John Singer Sargent and Frank Hyde are among the prominent artists who stayed on the island around the late 1870s. Sargent is known for his series of portraits featuring local model Rosina Ferrara. The English artist and adventurer, John Wood Shortridge, acquired a fortino at Marina Piccola in the 1880s, (later transformed into a private villa by Dame Gracie Fields) and married a Capri girl, Carmela Esposito. He formed a close friendship with the English novelist George Gissing who provides a colourful and insightful account of his stays with Shortridge in his Published Letters of George Gissing. In the Gissing Journal, vol. XXXV, no. 3 (July, 1999), p. 2. it is recorded that the only mention of him in a recent book, albeit partially inaccurate, occurs in James Money's Capri: Island of Pleasure (London: Hamish Hamilton, 1986, p. 42). Claude Debussy refers to the island's hills in the title of his impressionistic prélude Les collines d'Anacapri (1910). Capri is the setting for "The Lotus Eater" (1945), a short story by Somerset Maugham. In the story, the protagonist from Hendon, part of the borough of Barnet in London, comes to Capri on a holiday and is so enchanted by the place he gives up his job and decides to spend the rest of his life in leisure there. British novelist Compton Mackenzie lived there from 1913 to 1920, with later visits, and set some of his work on the island (e.g. Vestal Fire, 1927).[citation needed]

As well as being a haven for writers and artists, Capri served as a relatively safe place for foreign gay men and lesbians to lead a more open life; a small nucleus of them were attracted to live there, overlapping to some extent with the creative types mentioned above. Poet August von Platen-Hallermünde was one of the first. Jacques d'Adelswärd-Fersen wrote the roman à clef Et le feu s'éteignit sur la mer (1910) about Capri and its residents in the early 20th century, causing a minor scandal. Fersen's life on Capri became the subject of Roger Peyrefitte's fictionalised biography, L'Exilé de Capri. A satirical presentation of the island's lesbian colony is made in Mackenzie's 1928 novel Extraordinary Women, inspired by the affairs of American painter Romaine Brooks (in the novel, under the pseudonym of Olimpia Leigh).[15] One of the island's most famous foreign gay exiles was Norman Douglas; his novel South Wind (1917) is a thinly fictionalised description of Capri's residents and visitors, and a number of his other works, both books and pamphlets, deal with the island, including Capri (1930) and his last work, A Footnote on Capri (1952).[citation needed]

Memoirs set on Capri include Edwin Cerio's Aria di Capri (1928) (translated as That Capri Air), which contains a number of historical and biographical essays on the island, including a tribute to Norman Douglas; The Story of San Michele (1929) by Swedish royal physician Axel Munthe (1857–1949), who built a villa of that name, and Shirley Hazzard's Greene on Capri: A Memoir (2000), containing her reminiscences of Graham Greene. Graham Greene had a house in the town of Anacapri, the upper portion of the island, where he lived with his lover Catherine Walston.[16]

Main sights edit

 Punta Carena LighthouseMonte SolaroVia KruppArco NaturaleVilla LysisVilla JovisFaraglioniVilla San MicheleBlue GrottoCapri Philosophical ParkVilla MalaparteCertosa di San GiacomoAnacapriCapri (town)PiazzettaMarina GrandeMarina PiccolaGardens of AugustusTorre Materita
A clickable map showing some of the most important sights on Capri. (Use icon on the right to enlarge)

Annual events edit

  • Capri Art Film Festival (every April since 2006)[17]
  • Festival of San Costanzo (patron saint of Capri) – May 14[18]
  • Festival of Sant'Antonio (patron saint of Anacapri) – June 13[18]
  • Capri Tango Festival (every June since 2007)[18]
  • International Folklore Festival (Anacapri) – August[19]
  • Settembrata Anacaprese (Anacapri harvest festival) – September[19]
  • Capri Hollywood International Film Festival (every late December/early January since 1995)[20]
  • Capri Hollywood[21]
  • Eventi Villa San Michele[21]
  • Premio San Michele[21]
  • Premio Faraglioni[21]
  • Premio Cari dell Enigma[21]
  • Maraton del Golfo Capri[21]

Economy edit

 
Panoramic view from Piazzetta, in Capri Centre
 
Grotta Meravigliosa

Capri is a tourist destination for both Italians and foreigners. In the 1950s, Capri became a popular resort. In summer, the island is heavily visited by tourists, especially by day trippers from Naples and Sorrento.[22] Many of these visitors make it a point to wear the Capri pants named after the island. The center of Capri is the Piazza Umberto I.[3]
Capri is home to the Mediterranean bush, the Arboreal Euphorbia, and the Ilex Wood. The native fauna on the island include quails, robins, peregrine falcons, woodcocks, blackbirds, geckos, red goldfish, conger eels, sargos, groupers, mullets, and the blue lizard of the Faraglioni.[citation needed]

Capri has twelve churches, seven museums and several monuments. The most visited attraction in Capri is the Grotta Azzurra ('Blue Grotto'), a cave discovered in the 19th century by foreign tourists. On one side of the grotto are the remains of ancient Roman rock, with a narrow cavern.[21] As of 2018 there were plans to limit access to day tourists.[23]

The international luxury linen clothing brand 100% Capri opened its first boutique in the main town of Capri in 2000.[24]

Transport edit

 
Harbour of Capri
 
Typical local taxi

Capri is served by ferry or hydrofoil from Naples, Sorrento, Positano and Amalfi as well as by boat services from the ports of the Bay of Naples and the Sorrentine Peninsula. Boats arrive in the morning and leave after lunch (3–4 pm).[5] Naples is served by two ports: Mergellina and Molo Beverello. Molo Beverello has more frequent departures and a larger selection of boats than Mergellina.[citation needed]

The ferry companies operating routes to Capri] are SNAV, NLG, Positano Jet, Alilauro, Captain Morgan and Caremar in 2023.[25]

From Naples, the ferry takes 80 minutes, and the hydrofoil 40 minutes. From Sorrento, the ferry takes about 40 minutes while the hydrofoil takes about 20 minutes.[citation needed]

Boats call at Marina Grande, from where the Capri funicular goes up to Capri town. From Anacapri, a chair lift takes passengers to Monte Solaro, the highest point on the island. There is also a bus service that connects the centre of Capri town with Marina Grande, Marina Piccola, Anacapri and other points.[citation needed]

Airports edit

The nearest airports are:

Twin towns – sister cities edit

Capri is twinned with:

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b "capri | Etymology, origin and meaning of the name capri by etymonline". www.etymonline.com. from the original on 2022-05-05. Retrieved 2023-09-21.
  2. ^ Strabo's Geography, 5, 4, 9, 38
  3. ^ a b c Gellhorn, Martha. "Everybody's Happy on Capri". Saturday Evening Post.
  4. ^ Suetonius. The Lives of the Twelve Caesars. Augustus. LXXII. Retrieved 19 February 2021.
  5. ^ a b Fiori, Pamela. "Italy's Pleasure Island Capri". Town & Country.
  6. ^ Geography, 5, 4, 9, 38
  7. ^ Konrad Eubel, Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi, vol. 1 2019-07-09 at the Wayback Machine, p. 164; vol. 2 2018-10-04 at the Wayback Machine, p. 117; vol. 3, p. 151; vol. 4 2018-10-04 at the Wayback Machine, p. 133; vol. 5, p. 140; vol. 6, p. 146
  8. ^ Bolla De utiliori, in Bullarii romani continuatio, Tomo XV, Romae 1853, pp. 56–61
  9. ^ Annuario Pontificio 2013 (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2013 ISBN 978-88-209-9070-1), p. 858
  10. ^ Selina Shirley Hastings: The Secret Lives of Somerset Maugham: A Biography,Random House Pub ,2009
  11. ^ "Storia gay – Friedrich Alfred Krupp (1854–1902), l'omosessualità e lo scandalo di Capri". www.giovannidallorto.com.
  12. ^ Frankel, Nicholas (2017). Oscar Wilde: the unrepentant years. Cambridge, Massachusetts. p. 166. ISBN 978-0674737945.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  13. ^ Woods, Gregory (2016). Homintern: how gay culture liberated the modern world. New Haven, Connecticut. p. 220. ISBN 978-0300218039.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  14. ^ Swallow, Nicky. Amalfi Coast with Naples, Capri & Pompeii. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons Inc. p. 265.
  15. ^ . Archived from the original on 2012-01-13.
  16. ^ Hazzard, Shirley (2000). Greene on Capri. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. p. 4.
  17. ^ . Capriartfilmfestival.com. 29 April 2011. Archived from the original on 19 November 2015. Retrieved 2 June 2011.
  18. ^ a b c "Capri Tourism". Capri Tourism. Retrieved 2 June 2011.
  19. ^ a b "Events". Travelplan. Retrieved 2 June 2011.
  20. ^ . Archived from the original on 27 May 2011. Retrieved 9 January 2012.
  21. ^ a b c d e f g Capritourism, Azienda Autonoma Cura Suggiorno e Tourismo Isola di Capri
  22. ^ Swallow, Nicky (2012). Amalfi Coast with Naples, Capri & Pompeii. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
  23. ^ Sendlhofer, Thomas (13 May 2018). "Zu viele Touristen: Hallstatt zieht Notbremse". Kurier (in German). Retrieved 2020-01-13.
  24. ^ Gafurova, Olga (25 November 2018). "100% Capri opens its flagship boutique in Middle East at Dubai Mall Fashion Avenue". AviaMost. Retrieved 11 March 2020.
  25. ^ [1]

External links edit

  • Official Capri Tour Guide 2021-11-30 at the Wayback Machine
  • TourItaly.org: Capri 2017-07-27 at the Wayback Machine
  • Capri Insider Tips — by the locals.
  • Capri 360 panoramas 2007-12-30 at the Wayback Machine (in French)
  • IIalyheaven.co.uk: Capri
  • Photo Gallery by Leonardo Bellotti (in Italian)

capri, this, article, about, italian, island, island, main, town, town, other, uses, disambiguation, confused, with, carpi, disambiguation, also, ɑː, pree, pree, italian, ˈkaːpri, adjective, caprese, island, located, tyrrhenian, sorrento, peninsula, south, sid. This article is about the Italian island For the island s main town see Capri town For other uses see Capri disambiguation Not to be confused with Carpi disambiguation Capri ˈ k ae p r i KAP ree US also k e ˈ p r iː ˈ k ɑː p r i ke PREE KAH pree Italian ˈkaːpri adjective Caprese is an island located in the Tyrrhenian Sea off the Sorrento Peninsula on the south side of the Gulf of Naples in the Campania region of Italy The main town of Capri that is located on the island shares the name It has been a resort since the time of the Roman Republic CapriView from TerminiCapriGeographyLocationTyrrhenian SeaCoordinates40 33 00 N 14 14 00 E 40 55000 N 14 23333 E 40 55000 14 23333Area10 4 km2 4 0 sq mi Highest elevation589 m 1932 ft Highest pointMonte SolaroAdministrationItalyRegionCampaniaMetropolitan CityNaplesLargest settlementCapri pop 7 278 DemographicsPopulation12 903 2022 Pop density1 170 km2 3030 sq mi Some of the main features of the island include the Marina Piccola the little harbour the Belvedere of Tragara a high panoramic promenade lined with villas the limestone crags called sea stacks that project above the sea the faraglioni the town of Anacapri the Blue Grotto Grotta Azzurra the ruins of the Imperial Roman villas and the vistas of various towns surrounding the Island of Capri including Positano Amalfi Ravello Sorrento Nerano and Naples Capri is part of the region of Campania Metropolitan City of Naples The town of Capri is a comune and the island s main population centre The island has two harbours Marina Piccola and Marina Grande the main port of the island The separate comune of Anacapri is located high on the hills to the west Contents 1 Etymology 2 Government 3 History 3 1 Ancient and Roman times 3 2 Middle and Modern Ages 3 3 1800s present 4 Cultural references 5 Main sights 6 Annual events 7 Economy 8 Transport 8 1 Airports 9 Twin towns sister cities 10 See also 11 References 12 External linksEtymology editThe etymology of the name Capri is unclear it might be traced back to the Ancient Greek kapros kapros meaning wild boar 1 as the Greeks of Magna Graecia who were the first recorded colonists to populate the island called it Kapreai Kapreai 2 It could also derive from Latin capreae goats 1 Fossils of wild boars have been discovered lending credence to the kapros etymology on the other hand the Romans called Capri goat island citation needed Finally there is also the possibility that the name derives from an Etruscan word for rocky though any historical Etruscan rule of the island is disputed Capri consists of limestone and sandstone rock cliffs form much of the sides and surface of the island 3 Government editThe voters of the island elect representatives for the two municipalities comuni on the island The chosen representatives then choose two mayors to govern with them 3 History editMain article History of Capri Ancient and Roman times edit nbsp The remains of Villa Jovis built by emperor Tiberius and completed in AD 27The island has been inhabited since early times Evidence of human settlement was discovered during the Roman era according to Suetonius when the foundations for the villa of Augustus were being excavated giant bones and weapons of stone were discovered The emperor ordered these to be displayed in the garden of his main residence the Sea Palace at Capreae the monstrous bones of huge sea monsters and wild beasts called the bones of the giants and the weapons of the heroes 4 Modern excavations have shown that human presence on the island can be dated to the Neolithic and the Bronze Age Augustus developed Capri he built temples villas aqueducts and planted gardens so he could enjoy his private paradise 5 In his Aeneid Virgil states that the island had been populated by the Greek people of Teleboi coming from the Ionian Islands Strabo says that in ancient times in Capri there were two towns later reduced to one 6 Tacitus records that there were twelve Imperial villas in Capri Ruins of one at Tragara could still be seen in the 19th century citation needed Augustus successor Tiberius built a series of villas at Capri the most famous of which is the Villa Jovis one of the best preserved Roman villas in Italy In 27 AD Tiberius permanently moved to Capri running the Empire from there until his death in 37 AD citation needed In 182 AD Emperor Commodus banished his sister Lucilla to Capri She was executed shortly afterwards citation needed Middle and Modern Ages edit nbsp Certosa di San Giacomo a Carthusian monastery founded in 1363After the end of the Western Roman Empire Capri returned to the status of a dominion of Naples and suffered various attacks and ravages by pirates In 866 Emperor Louis II gave the island to Amalfi In 987 Pope John XV consecrated the first bishop of Capri when Capri Scala Minori and Lettere were made dioceses to serve as suffragans of Amalfi which thereby became a metropolitan see 7 Capri continued to be a residential diocese until 1818 when the island became part of the archdiocese of Sorrento 8 No longer a residential bishopric Capri Capreae in Latin is today listed by the Catholic Church as a titular see 9 In 1496 Frederick IV of Naples established legal and administrative parity between the settlements of Capri and Anacapri The pirate raids reached their peak during the reign of Charles V the famous Turkish admirals Barbarossa Hayreddin Pasha and Turgut Reis captured the island for the Ottoman Empire in 1535 and 1553 respectively citation needed The first recorded tourist to visit the island was French antiques dealer Jean Jacques Bouchard in the 17th century His diary found in 1850 is an important information source about Capri citation needed 1800s present edit nbsp In 1909 1911 Maxim Gorky lived on Capri at villa Behring burgundy French troops under Napoleon occupied Capri in January 1806 The British ousted the French in the following May after which Capri was turned into a powerful naval base a Second Gibraltar but the building program caused heavy damage to the archaeological sites The French reconquered Capri in 1808 and remained there until the end of the Napoleonic era 1815 when Capri was returned to the Bourbon ruling house of Naples citation needed The natural scientist Ignazio Cerio catalogued Capri s flora and fauna during the 19th century His work was continued by his son author and engineer Edwin Cerio who wrote several books on life in Capri in the 20th century citation needed Prior to the First World War the island was extremely popular with wealthy gay men John Ellingham Brooks and Somerset Maugham shared a villa there 10 Friedrich Alfred Krupp the German industrialist was accused of homosexual orgies 11 and eventually committed suicide Norman Douglas Jacques d Adelsward Fersen Christian Wilhelm Allers Emil von Behring Curzio Malaparte Axel Munthe Louis Coatalen and Maxim Gorky are all reported to have owned a villa there or to have stayed there for more than three months Swedish Queen Victoria often stayed there because Axel Munthe was her doctor Rose O Neill the American illustrator and creator of the Kewpie owned the Villa Narcissus formerly owned by the famous Beaux Arts painter Charles Caryl Coleman Dame Gracie Fields also had a villa and restaurant on the island and is buried there citation needed In 1908 Lenin was hosted by Maxim Gorky the Russian author at his house near the Giardini Augusto In 1970 a monument by Giacomo Manzu was erected during the centennial celebration in Lenin s honour citation needed Capri as with the Sicilian resort of Taormina became high on the list of places to be visited by homosexual northerners according to Gregory Woods chair in Gay and Lesbian Studies The history of Taormina was changed by the presence of Wilhelm von Gloeden known for his homoerotic photography whose studio from 1878 to 1931 drew many visitors to the town Both Capri and Taormina were tolerant of gay men and artists and there was much interchange between the two places In December 1897 Oscar Wilde was planning to winter in Naples with his lover Lord Alfred Douglas the couple made a short visit to Capri but their presence proved too scandalous for even that liberal island They even denied us bread so Bosie headed back to England and Wilde made his way to Taormina where he spent time with von Gloeden 12 Jacques d Adelsward Fersen who settled in Capri and built Villa Lysis visited von Gloeden in 1923 bringing with him his schoolboy lover secretary 13 Today Capri has become more of a resort and is visited by tourists during the summer months of July and August 14 Mariah Carey owns a villa on the island citation needed nbsp A beach in CapriCultural references edit nbsp The Blue GrottoDuring the later half of the 19th century Capri became a popular resort for European artists writers and other celebrities The book that spawned the 19th century fascination with Capri in France Germany and England was Entdeckung der blauen Grotte auf der Insel Capri Discovery of the Blue Grotto on the Isle of Capri by the German painter and writer August Kopisch in which he describes his 1826 stay on the island and his re discovery of the Blue Grotto citation needed nbsp John Singer Sargent Head of a Capri Girl 1878John Singer Sargent and Frank Hyde are among the prominent artists who stayed on the island around the late 1870s Sargent is known for his series of portraits featuring local model Rosina Ferrara The English artist and adventurer John Wood Shortridge acquired a fortino at Marina Piccola in the 1880s later transformed into a private villa by Dame Gracie Fields and married a Capri girl Carmela Esposito He formed a close friendship with the English novelist George Gissing who provides a colourful and insightful account of his stays with Shortridge in his Published Letters of George Gissing In the Gissing Journal vol XXXV no 3 July 1999 p 2 it is recorded that the only mention of him in a recent book albeit partially inaccurate occurs in James Money s Capri Island of Pleasure London Hamish Hamilton 1986 p 42 Claude Debussy refers to the island s hills in the title of his impressionistic prelude Les collines d Anacapri 1910 Capri is the setting for The Lotus Eater 1945 a short story by Somerset Maugham In the story the protagonist from Hendon part of the borough of Barnet in London comes to Capri on a holiday and is so enchanted by the place he gives up his job and decides to spend the rest of his life in leisure there British novelist Compton Mackenzie lived there from 1913 to 1920 with later visits and set some of his work on the island e g Vestal Fire 1927 citation needed As well as being a haven for writers and artists Capri served as a relatively safe place for foreign gay men and lesbians to lead a more open life a small nucleus of them were attracted to live there overlapping to some extent with the creative types mentioned above Poet August von Platen Hallermunde was one of the first Jacques d Adelsward Fersen wrote the roman a clef Et le feu s eteignit sur la mer 1910 about Capri and its residents in the early 20th century causing a minor scandal Fersen s life on Capri became the subject of Roger Peyrefitte s fictionalised biography L Exile de Capri A satirical presentation of the island s lesbian colony is made in Mackenzie s 1928 novel Extraordinary Women inspired by the affairs of American painter Romaine Brooks in the novel under the pseudonym of Olimpia Leigh 15 One of the island s most famous foreign gay exiles was Norman Douglas his novel South Wind 1917 is a thinly fictionalised description of Capri s residents and visitors and a number of his other works both books and pamphlets deal with the island including Capri 1930 and his last work A Footnote on Capri 1952 citation needed Memoirs set on Capri include Edwin Cerio s Aria di Capri 1928 translated as That Capri Air which contains a number of historical and biographical essays on the island including a tribute to Norman Douglas The Story of San Michele 1929 by Swedish royal physician Axel Munthe 1857 1949 who built a villa of that name and Shirley Hazzard s Greene on Capri A Memoir 2000 containing her reminiscences of Graham Greene Graham Greene had a house in the town of Anacapri the upper portion of the island where he lived with his lover Catherine Walston 16 Main sights edit nbsp A clickable map showing some of the most important sights on Capri Use icon on the right to enlarge Villa San Michele Grotta Azzurra the Blue Grotto Villa Lysis Villa Jovis La Piazzetta Via Krupp Gardens of Augustus Arco Naturale Villa Malaparte Torre Materita Certosa di San Giacomo Karl Wilhelm Diefenbach museum Faraglioni Monte Solaro Punta Carena Lighthouse Marina Grande Capri Philosophical ParkAnnual events editCapri Art Film Festival every April since 2006 17 Festival of San Costanzo patron saint of Capri May 14 18 Festival of Sant Antonio patron saint of Anacapri June 13 18 Capri Tango Festival every June since 2007 18 International Folklore Festival Anacapri August 19 Settembrata Anacapres e Anacapri harvest festival September 19 Capri Hollywood International Film Festival every late December early January since 1995 20 Capri Hollywood 21 Eventi Villa San Michele 21 Premio San Michele 21 Premio Faraglioni 21 Premio Cari dell Enigma 21 Maraton del Golfo Capri 21 Economy edit nbsp Panoramic view from Piazzetta in Capri Centre nbsp Grotta MeravigliosaCapri is a tourist destination for both Italians and foreigners In the 1950s Capri became a popular resort In summer the island is heavily visited by tourists especially by day trippers from Naples and Sorrento 22 Many of these visitors make it a point to wear the Capri pants named after the island The center of Capri is the Piazza Umberto I 3 Capri is home to the Mediterranean bush the Arboreal Euphorbia and the Ilex Wood The native fauna on the island include quails robins peregrine falcons woodcocks blackbirds geckos red goldfish conger eels sargos groupers mullets and the blue lizard of the Faraglioni citation needed Capri has twelve churches seven museums and several monuments The most visited attraction in Capri is the Grotta Azzurra Blue Grotto a cave discovered in the 19th century by foreign tourists On one side of the grotto are the remains of ancient Roman rock with a narrow cavern 21 As of 2018 there were plans to limit access to day tourists 23 The international luxury linen clothing brand 100 Capri opened its first boutique in the main town of Capri in 2000 24 Transport edit nbsp Harbour of Capri nbsp Typical local taxiCapri is served by ferry or hydrofoil from Naples Sorrento Positano and Amalfi as well as by boat services from the ports of the Bay of Naples and the Sorrentine Peninsula Boats arrive in the morning and leave after lunch 3 4 pm 5 Naples is served by two ports Mergellina and Molo Beverello Molo Beverello has more frequent departures and a larger selection of boats than Mergellina citation needed The ferry companies operating routes to Capri are SNAV NLG Positano Jet Alilauro Captain Morgan and Caremar in 2023 25 From Naples the ferry takes 80 minutes and the hydrofoil 40 minutes From Sorrento the ferry takes about 40 minutes while the hydrofoil takes about 20 minutes citation needed Boats call at Marina Grande from where the Capri funicular goes up to Capri town From Anacapri a chair lift takes passengers to Monte Solaro the highest point on the island There is also a bus service that connects the centre of Capri town with Marina Grande Marina Piccola Anacapri and other points citation needed Airports edit The nearest airports are Napoli Capodichino NAP Salerno Pontecagnano QSR Twin towns sister cities editSee also List of twin towns and sister cities in Italy Capri is twinned with nbsp Crosby Merseyside United KingdomSee also editList of islands of Italy Amalfi Coast IschiaReferences edit a b capri Etymology origin and meaning of the name capri by etymonline www etymonline com Archived from the original on 2022 05 05 Retrieved 2023 09 21 Strabo s Geography 5 4 9 38 a b c Gellhorn Martha Everybody s Happy on Capri Saturday Evening Post Suetonius The Lives of the Twelve Caesars Augustus LXXII Retrieved 19 February 2021 a b Fiori Pamela Italy s Pleasure Island Capri Town amp Country Geography 5 4 9 38 Konrad Eubel Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi vol 1 Archived 2019 07 09 at the Wayback Machine p 164 vol 2 Archived 2018 10 04 at the Wayback Machine p 117 vol 3 p 151 vol 4 Archived 2018 10 04 at the Wayback Machine p 133 vol 5 p 140 vol 6 p 146 Bolla De utiliori in Bullarii romani continuatio Tomo XV Romae 1853 pp 56 61 Annuario Pontificio 2013 Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2013 ISBN 978 88 209 9070 1 p 858 Selina Shirley Hastings The Secret Lives of Somerset Maugham A Biography Random House Pub 2009 Storia gay Friedrich Alfred Krupp 1854 1902 l omosessualita e lo scandalo di Capri www giovannidallorto com Frankel Nicholas 2017 Oscar Wilde the unrepentant years Cambridge Massachusetts p 166 ISBN 978 0674737945 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Woods Gregory 2016 Homintern how gay culture liberated the modern world New Haven Connecticut p 220 ISBN 978 0300218039 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Swallow Nicky Amalfi Coast with Naples Capri amp Pompeii Hoboken John Wiley amp Sons Inc p 265 Capri Island APP Personalities Romaine Brooks Archived from the original on 2012 01 13 Hazzard Shirley 2000 Greene on Capri New York Farrar Straus and Giroux p 4 Capri Art 2011 Festival della diversita Capriartfilmfestival com 29 April 2011 Archived from the original on 19 November 2015 Retrieved 2 June 2011 a b c Capri Tourism Capri Tourism Retrieved 2 June 2011 a b Events Travelplan Retrieved 2 June 2011 Going Through Italy website accessed 9 January 2012 Archived from the original on 27 May 2011 Retrieved 9 January 2012 a b c d e f g Capritourism Azienda Autonoma Cura Suggiorno e Tourismo Isola di Capri Swallow Nicky 2012 Amalfi Coast with Naples Capri amp Pompeii Hoboken John Wiley amp Sons Inc Sendlhofer Thomas 13 May 2018 Zu viele Touristen Hallstatt zieht Notbremse Kurier in German Retrieved 2020 01 13 Gafurova Olga 25 November 2018 100 Capri opens its flagship boutique in Middle East at Dubai Mall Fashion Avenue AviaMost Retrieved 11 March 2020 1 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Capri island nbsp Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Capri nbsp Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica article Capri Official Capri Tour Guide Archived 2021 11 30 at the Wayback Machine TourItaly org Capri Archived 2017 07 27 at the Wayback Machine Capri Insider Tips by the locals Capri Capri 360 panoramas Archived 2007 12 30 at the Wayback Machine in French IIalyheaven co uk Capri Capri Island APP a complete guide to Capri on iPad Photo Gallery by Leonardo Bellotti in Italian Capri LifePortals nbsp Geography nbsp Islands nbsp Italy Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Capri amp oldid 1185096784, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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