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Death and state funeral of Josip Broz Tito

January 01, 1970

The funeral of Josip Broz Tito, President of Yugoslavia and President of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, was held on 8 May 1980, four days after his death on 4 May. His funeral drew many statesmen from around the globe, from Western, Eastern and Non-Aligned countries.[1][2] The attendees included four kings, six princes, 22 prime ministers, 31 presidents, and 47 ministers of foreign affairs. In total, 128 countries out of the 154 UN members at the time were represented.[3] Also present were delegates from seven multilateral organizations, six movements and 40 political parties.

Funeral of Josip Broz Tito
Part of the breakup of Yugoslavia
Tito's funeral procession
Date8 May 1980; 44 years ago (1980-05-08)
LocationDedinje, Belgrade, Serbia, Yugoslavia
ParticipantsYugoslav officials and dignitaries from 128 foreign countries
House of Flowers, Tito's mausoleum.
Tito's tomb.
Tito's grave.

Tito had become increasingly ill throughout 1979. On 7 January and again on 11 January 1980, Tito was admitted to the University Medical Centre in Ljubljana, the capital city of SR Slovenia, with circulation problems in his legs. His left leg was amputated soon afterwards due to arterial blockages, and he died of gangrene at the Medical Centre Ljubljana on 4 May 1980 at 3:05 pm, three days short of his 88th birthday. The Plavi voz, Tito's personal train, brought his body to Belgrade where it lay in state at the Federal Parliament building until the funeral.

As Tito had been viewed as the central unifying figure of culturally, religiously diverse and throughout times ethnically antagonistic nations of Yugoslavia, his death is considered to be one of key catalysts for the dissolution and destruction of the Yugoslav state a mere decade later.

Illness edit

By 1979, Tito's health had declined rapidly, mainly due to an arterial embolism in his left leg. This embolism was a complication of his diabetes, which he had had for many years. In that year, he participated in the Havana Conference of the Non-Aligned Movement and spent New Year's Eve in his residence in Karađorđevo. Throughout the televised event, Tito remained seated while exchanging greetings, causing concern to the watching audience. During this time Vila Srna was built for his use near Morović in the event of his recovery.[4]

The first circulation problems in his left leg begun in the second half of December 1979. Tito refused to undergo any diagnostic procedure prior to the new year celebration. On January 3, 1980, Tito was admitted to the Ljubljana University Medical Centre for tests on blood vessels in his leg. Two days later, after the angiography, he was discharged to his residence in Brdo Castle near Kranj, with a recommendation for further intensive treatment. Angiography revealed that Tito's superficial femoral artery and Achilles tendon artery were clogged. The medical council consisted of eight Yugoslav doctors, Michael DeBakey from the United States and Marat Knyazev from the Soviet Union.[5]

Following the advice of DeBakey and Knyazev, the medical team attempted an arterial bypass. The first surgery was done in the night of January 12.[6] At first, the operation appeared to have been a success, but after few hours, it became clear that the operation was not successful. Due to severe damage to the arteries, which led to the interruption of blood flow and accelerated tissue devitalization of the left leg, Tito's left leg was amputated on January 20,[7] to prevent the spread of gangrene. When Tito was told about the required amputation, he resisted it as long as possible. Finally, after meeting with his sons, Žarko and Mišo, he agreed to the amputation.[citation needed] After the amputation, Tito's health improved and he began rehabilitation. On 28 January, he was transferred from the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery to the Department of Cardiology. In the first days of February his health had improved enough to allow him to perform some of his regular duties.[citation needed]

By the beginning of January 1980, however, it became clear that Tito's life was in grave danger and Yugoslav political leadership secretly began preparations for his funeral.[citation needed] Tito's wish was that he be buried in the House of Flowers on Dedinje hill, that overlooks Belgrade. Moma Martinovic, a director for Radio Television Belgrade, was summoned by Dragoljub Stavrev, a vice president in the federal government, to devise plans for broadcasting the funeral.[citation needed]

In late February, Tito's health suddenly took a turn to the worst. He suffered from kidney failure and in March, his heart and lungs began to fail and in late April, he suffered a stroke, whilst he was still in the hospital.

Death edit

 
Tito's Blue Train (Plavi voz), the train which carried Tito's coffin from Ljubljana to Belgrade.

Josip Broz Tito died in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery at the University Medical Centre, Ljubljana on May 4, 1980, at 3:05 pm, due to complications of gangrene, three days before his 88th birthday. He died on the seventh floor, in a small room on the southeast corner. A commemorative inscription in the main hall later read "Pot do osvoboditve človeka bo še dolga, a bila bi daljša da ni živel Tito" ("The fight for peoples liberation will be a long one, but would have been longer if Tito never lived"). That inscription was later removed. Immediately upon learning of Tito's death, a full extraordinary session of both the Presidency of Yugoslavia and the Presidency of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia was held in Belgrade starting at 6:00 pm, at which Tito's death was formally declared via a joint statement:

 
The message from the CIA's FBIS Austria Bureau, regarding the Radio Bucharest announcement of Tito's death, filed on 4 May 1980.

To the working class, all the working people and citizens, and all the nations and nationalities of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia:

Comrade Tito has died.

On May 4th, 1980, at 15:05 in Ljubljana, the great heart of the President of our Socialist Yugoslavia, the President of the Presidency of Yugoslavia, the President of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, Marshal of Yugoslavia, and the Commander-in-chief of the Yugoslav armed forces, Josip Broz Tito, has stopped beating.

Great sorrow and pain are shaking up the working class, nations and nationalities of our country, every citizen, worker, soldier, war veteran, farmer, intellectual, every creator, pioneer and youth, and every girl and mother.

Tito is our dearest friend. For his entire life, Tito was a fighter for the interests and goals of the working class, for the most humane ideals and desires of our nations and nationalities. Seven decades he was burning up in a workers' movement. For six decades, he strengthened Yugoslav Communists. For more than four decades, he was the leader of our Party. He was a heroic leader in World War II and the Socialist revolution. For three and a half decades, he led our Socialist country. He moved our country and our fight for fairer human society into world history, proving that way to be our most crucial historic world personality.

During the most fateful times of our survival and development, Tito was bold and worthy of carrying the proletarian flag of our revolution, persistently and consistently linked to the fate of nations and man. He fought throughout his life and work and lived revolutionary humanism and fervour with enthusiasm and love for the country.

Tito was not only a visionary, critic and translator of the world. He reviewed the objective conditions and patterns of social movements, into the great ideas and thoughts into action with the million masses of the people with him at the helm, and made epochal progressive social transformations.

Thus, forever shall his revolutionary work be remembered for all time in the history of the people and nationalities of Yugoslavia and the history of the independence of all of humankind.

—Signed, The Central Committee of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia and the Presidency of Yugoslavia, Belgrade, May 4, 1980.
— [8]

After the declaration was read, Stevan Doronjski (President of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia) said, "Eternal glory be to the memory of our great leader and father of the revolution, President of Yugoslavia and General Secretary and President of the League, our comrade Josip Broz Tito."

At the same meeting, by the 1974 Yugoslav Constitution, as amended, it was decided that Lazar Koliševski, Vice President of the Presidency of Yugoslavia, would temporarily take the office of the President of the Presidency of Yugoslavia, and that Cvijetin Mijatović, a former member of the Presidency of SR Bosnia and Herzegovina, would take Koliševski's place as state vice president. Following the LCY Statute as amended, former chairman of Presidency of Central Committee of League of Communists of Yugoslavia Stevan Doronjski assumed the post of President of the Presidency of the Central Committee of League of Communists of Yugoslavia. Immediately afterwards, the Federal Executive Council (government of Yugoslavia) decided to announce a week of national mourning across the country formally and cancelled all entertainment, cultural and sporting events.[9][10] Many countries around the world declared periods of national mourning. North Korea,[11] Egypt,[12] Algeria, Tanzania,[13] and Burma[13] announced seven days of mourning; Pakistan,[13] Cyprus, and Ghana announced four days of mourning; Jordan,[12] India, Iraq, Cuba, Guinea and Zambia announced three days of mourning; Angola announced two days of mourning; and Sri Lanka declared one day of mourning.

Grief in the nation edit

 
Memorial reading the slogan much repeated in the 1980s; column by Ironworks Zenica, 8 May 1980

Tito's death was sudden and unexpected for Yugoslavian citizens who were minding their usual weekend activities. In the evening of the key day, TV stations were broadcasting normal programming on television until it was interrupted with a black screen for 30 seconds. After that, Miodrag Zdravković, newsreader of Radio Television Belgrade, read the following statement live:

Comrade Tito has died. That was announced tonight by the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia and the Presidency of Yugoslavia to the working class, all the working people and citizens and all the nations and nationalities of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.[8]

The same announcement was read out on the TV stations of each constituent republic in their respective languages.

On Sunday afternoons, Yugoslav Television often broadcast association football games of the Yugoslav First League. That day, there was a league match in Split between NK Hajduk Split and FK Crvena Zvezda.[8] When the match was in its 41st minute, three men entered the Poljud Stadium pitch, signaling the referee to stop the match. Ante Skataretiko, the president of Hajduk, took the microphone and announced Tito's death. What followed were sudden scenes of mass crying with some players such as Zlatko Vujović collapsing down to the ground and weeping. Players of both teams and referees aligned to stand in a moment of silence. Once the stadium announcer said "May he rest in peace", the entire stadium of 50,000 football fans spontaneously started to sing Comrade Tito we swear to you, from your path we will never depart [sr] (Druže Tito mi ti se kunemo, da sa tvoga puta ne skrenemo).[8][14] The match was halted, then replayed later in the month.[citation needed]

Grief for the statesman's death was largely based on his place in the Yugoslav political scene. He had led the resistance movement against Axis occupation in the Second World War, helped create a socialist federation principled on 'brotherhood and unity' of Yugoslav nations, stood for self-determination and political independence of post-war Yugoslavia from both Western and Eastern Bloc,[15] co-initiated the Non-Aligned Movement at the time of peak tensions of possible nuclear warfare between the blocs; all of which contributed to his general popularity in the country and abroad.

Dignitaries edit

 
  Nations that sent state delegations.
  Nations that did not send state delegations, but organizations from those nations did.
  Nations that did not send state delegations
 
State funeral of Josip Broz Tito

Tito's blue train brought an empty coffin to the capital Belgrade, due to the bad condition of his deceased body. Tito's remains were instead transferred to Belgrade by a military helicopter.

Tito's funeral drew many statesmen to Belgrade. Two notably absent statesmen were President of the United States Jimmy Carter and First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba Fidel Castro. His death came just as the 1979 Soviet invasion of Afghanistan had ended the American-Soviet détente. Yugoslavia, though a communist state, was non-aligned during the Cold War due to the Tito-Stalin split in 1948.

After learning that Chinese Communist Party chairman Hua Guofeng would lead the Chinese delegation, the ailing Soviet general secretary Leonid Brezhnev decided to lead his nation's delegation. In order to avoid meeting Brezhnev whilst in the middle of his campaign for the 1980 United States presidential election, Carter opted to send his mother Lilian Carter and Vice President Walter Mondale as heads of the US delegation. After realizing that leaders of all Warsaw Pact nations would attend the funeral, Carter's decision was criticized by presidential candidate George H. W. Bush as a sign that the United States "inferentially slams Yugoslavs at time that country has pulled away from Soviet Union".[16] Carter visited Yugoslavia later in June 1980 and made a visit to Tito's grave.[17][18]

Helmut Schmidt, chancellor of West Germany, was highly active at the funeral, meeting with Brezhnev, East Germany's Erich Honecker, and Poland's Edward Gierek. British prime minister Margaret Thatcher sought to rally world leaders in order to harshly condemn the Soviet invasion.[citation needed] While she was in Belgrade, she held talks with Kenneth Kaunda, Schmidt, Francesco Cossiga, and Nicolae Ceaușescu. Brezhnev met with Kim Il Sung and Honecker. James Callaghan, leader of the British Labour Party, explained his presence in Belgrade as an attempt to warm relations between his party and Yugoslav communists, which was severed more than a decade ago after dissident Milovan Đilas was welcomed by Jennie Lee, Minister for the Arts under Harold Wilson. Mondale avoided the Soviets, ignoring Brezhnev while passing close to him. Soviet and Chinese delegations also avoided each other.[citation needed]

The pomp and scale of the funeral had been widely documented and the event was a source of pride for the country for years to come. On the fifteenth anniversary of his death in 1995, the Croatian newspaper Arkzin noted that "turbulent times still do not allow for a truly historical assessment of his stature and achievements, but the appraisal which the world showed those days in May 1980, confirms that small nations and small states may produce world giants."[19]

During the funeral, Yasser Arafat tapped on the shoulder of Margaret Thatcher, after which she swung and shook his hand. She stated that she could never forgive herself for shaking his hand.[20]

Tito was interred twice on May 8. The first interment was for cameras and dignitaries. The grave was shallow with only a 200 kg (440 lb) replica of the sarcophagus. The second interment was held privately during the night.[citation needed] His coffin was removed, and the shallow grave was deepened. The coffin was enclosed with a copper mask and interred again into a much deeper grave which was sealed with cement and topped with a 9-ton sarcophagus.[citation needed] Communist officials were afraid that someone might steal the corpse, as had happened to Charlie Chaplin. However, the 9 ton sarcophagus had to be put in place with a crane, which would make the funeral unattractive.[citation needed]

In stark contrast to the pageantry of the funeral, Tito's tomb was constructed of marble with a simple inscription that states JOSIP BROZ - TITO 1892–1980. It did not incorporate a red star or any emblem linked to communism. Historians[who?] stated that the burial location, which was the garden of the place he lived during the post-war years more popularly known as the House of Flowers, was selected according to Tito's wishes.[21] The House of Flowers, together with the Museum of Yugoslavia, has since become a tourist destination and landmark of Belgrade visited by millions of people.[citation needed]

Foreign delegations edit

Source: Mirosavljev, Radoslav (1981). Titova poslednja bitka (Tito's Last Battle) (in Serbo-Croatian). Beograd: Narodna knjiga. pp. 262–264.

State delegations edit

Heads of state edit

State delegations of those countries were led by their respective heads of state:

Heads of government or vice-heads of state edit

State delegations of those countries were headed by their heads of government or vice-heads of state:

Deputies or foreign ministers edit

Delegations of those countries were headed by their deputy heads of state, deputy heads of government or their foreign ministers:

Other state delegations edit

State delegations of those countries were headed by government ministers, ambassadors or royal house members:

Delegations of parties and organizations edit

International organizations edit

Liberation movements edit

Political parties and Trade unions edit

Media coverage edit

The funeral was broadcast live by many countries on their state television channels. In West Germany, it was aired on the first program. Austrian television featured the film "Memories of President Tito" for an hour, followed by a 3-hour broadcast of the funeral. In the U.S., all three major television networks covered the funeral. Both French main channels directly broadcast the burial. The same situation occurred in Belgium, and British television aired almost 4 hours of the ceremony. The Australian network covered the entire ceremony. In total, 44 countries broadcast Tito's funeral.[23]

References edit

  1. ^ Carter, Jimmy (4 May 1980). "Josip Broz Tito Statement on the Death of the President of Yugoslavia". Retrieved 26 April 2010.
  2. ^ Vidmar, Josip; Rajko Bobot; Miodrag Vartabedijan; Branibor Debeljaković; Živojin Janković; Ksenija Dolinar (1981). Josip Broz Tito – Ilustrirani življenjepis. Jugoslovenska revija. p. 166.
  3. ^ Ridley, Jasper (1996). Tito: A Biography. Constable. p. 19. ISBN 0-09-475610-4.
  4. ^ "Raj u koji Broz nije stigao". Blic. 2 May 2010. Retrieved 2 May 2010.
  5. ^ "Specialist consults on Tito". Lodi News. 7 January 1980.
  6. ^ "Tito surgery succesuful". Beaver County Times. 14 January 1980.
  7. ^ "8 DOCTORS SAY TITO IS IN GOOD CONDITION; First Official Response to Surgery Strengthens Hope He Will Return to Duties 'Within Limits of Normal' Control Would Likely Continue Concentration on Foreign Affairs". New York Times. 22 January 1980.
  8. ^ a b c d "Anniversary of Marshal Tito's death". yugoslavian.blogspot.com/. 4 May 2009. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
  9. ^ "Anniversary of Marshal Tito's death". Retrieved 3 September 2023.
  10. ^ "Yugoslav President Tito Dies" (PDF). stanford.edu. 9 May 1980. Retrieved 3 September 2023.
  11. ^ Kim, Yongho (16 December 2010). North Korean Foreign Policy: Security Dilemma and Succession. Lexington Books. ISBN 9780739148648.
  12. ^ a b "Yugoslav News Bulletin". 1980.
  13. ^ a b c "Titomanija". Retrieved 18 April 2022.
  14. ^ Borneman, John (2004). Death of the Father: An Anthropology of the End in Political Authority. Berghahn Books. ISBN 9781571811110.
  15. ^ Stevanovic, Vidosav (2004). Milosevic: The People's Tyrant. London: I.B. Tauris. p. 13. ISBN 1860648428.
  16. ^ "Bush Blasts Carter For Not Attending Tito Funeral". Lakeland Ledger. 9 May 1980.
  17. ^ "Jimmy Carter Visits President Tito's Grave, 1980". Yugoslavia – Virtual Museum. 12 November 2010. Retrieved 12 January 2015.
  18. ^ Jimmy Carter: "Yugoslavia: Conclusion of State Visit Joint Statement. ", June 29, 1980. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=44655.
  19. ^ Borneman, John (2004). Death of the Father: An Anthropology of the End in Political Authority. New York: Berghahn Books. p. 168. ISBN 1571811117.
  20. ^ Bermant, Azriel (2016). Margaret Thatcher and the Middle East. New York, NY, USA. p. 47. ISBN 978-1-107-15194-9. OCLC 944179832.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  21. ^ Crnobrnja, Mihailo (1996). The Yugoslav Drama. London: I.B. Tauris. p. 81. ISBN 1860641261.
  22. ^ Martin, Marie Alexandrine (1994). Cambodia: A Shattered Society. Berkeley and Los Angeles, California: University of California Press. p. 244. ISBN 0520070526.
  23. ^ Jugoslavija o Titu — Svet o Titu 1980 (2nd ed.). 1981.

External links edit

  •   Media related to Death and state funeral of Josip Broz Tito at Wikimedia Commons

January 01, 1970
death, state, funeral, josip, broz, tito, this, article, multiple, issues, please, help, improve, discuss, these, issues, talk, page, learn, when, remove, these, template, messages, this, article, rough, translation, from, serbian, have, been, generated, whole. This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages This article may be a rough translation from Serbian It may have been generated in whole or in part by a computer or by a translator without dual proficiency Please help to enhance the translation The original article is under srpski srpski in the languages list If you have just labeled this article as needing attention please add a href Template Needtrans html class mw redirect title Template Needtrans subst Needtrans a pg Death and state funeral of Josip Broz Tito language Serbian comments to the bottom of the WP PNTCU section on Wikipedia Pages needing translation into English August 2021 This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Death and state funeral of Josip Broz Tito news newspapers books scholar JSTOR August 2021 Learn how and when to remove this message Learn how and when to remove this message The funeral of Josip Broz Tito President of Yugoslavia and President of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia was held on 8 May 1980 four days after his death on 4 May His funeral drew many statesmen from around the globe from Western Eastern and Non Aligned countries 1 2 The attendees included four kings six princes 22 prime ministers 31 presidents and 47 ministers of foreign affairs In total 128 countries out of the 154 UN members at the time were represented 3 Also present were delegates from seven multilateral organizations six movements and 40 political parties Funeral of Josip Broz TitoPart of the breakup of YugoslaviaTito s funeral processionDate8 May 1980 44 years ago 1980 05 08 LocationDedinje Belgrade Serbia YugoslaviaParticipantsYugoslav officials and dignitaries from 128 foreign countries House of Flowers Tito s mausoleum Tito s tomb Tito s grave Tito had become increasingly ill throughout 1979 On 7 January and again on 11 January 1980 Tito was admitted to the University Medical Centre in Ljubljana the capital city of SR Slovenia with circulation problems in his legs His left leg was amputated soon afterwards due to arterial blockages and he died of gangrene at the Medical Centre Ljubljana on 4 May 1980 at 3 05 pm three days short of his 88th birthday The Plavi voz Tito s personal train brought his body to Belgrade where it lay in state at the Federal Parliament building until the funeral As Tito had been viewed as the central unifying figure of culturally religiously diverse and throughout times ethnically antagonistic nations of Yugoslavia his death is considered to be one of key catalysts for the dissolution and destruction of the Yugoslav state a mere decade later Contents 1 Illness 2 Death 3 Grief in the nation 4 Dignitaries 5 Foreign delegations 5 1 State delegations 5 1 1 Heads of state 5 1 2 Heads of government or vice heads of state 5 1 3 Deputies or foreign ministers 5 1 4 Other state delegations 5 2 Delegations of parties and organizations 5 2 1 International organizations 5 2 2 Liberation movements 5 2 3 Political parties and Trade unions 6 Media coverage 7 References 8 External linksIllness editBy 1979 Tito s health had declined rapidly mainly due to an arterial embolism in his left leg This embolism was a complication of his diabetes which he had had for many years In that year he participated in the Havana Conference of the Non Aligned Movement and spent New Year s Eve in his residence in Karađorđevo Throughout the televised event Tito remained seated while exchanging greetings causing concern to the watching audience During this time Vila Srna was built for his use near Morovic in the event of his recovery 4 The first circulation problems in his left leg begun in the second half of December 1979 Tito refused to undergo any diagnostic procedure prior to the new year celebration On January 3 1980 Tito was admitted to the Ljubljana University Medical Centre for tests on blood vessels in his leg Two days later after the angiography he was discharged to his residence in Brdo Castle near Kranj with a recommendation for further intensive treatment Angiography revealed that Tito s superficial femoral artery and Achilles tendon artery were clogged The medical council consisted of eight Yugoslav doctors Michael DeBakey from the United States and Marat Knyazev from the Soviet Union 5 Following the advice of DeBakey and Knyazev the medical team attempted an arterial bypass The first surgery was done in the night of January 12 6 At first the operation appeared to have been a success but after few hours it became clear that the operation was not successful Due to severe damage to the arteries which led to the interruption of blood flow and accelerated tissue devitalization of the left leg Tito s left leg was amputated on January 20 7 to prevent the spread of gangrene When Tito was told about the required amputation he resisted it as long as possible Finally after meeting with his sons Zarko and Miso he agreed to the amputation citation needed After the amputation Tito s health improved and he began rehabilitation On 28 January he was transferred from the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery to the Department of Cardiology In the first days of February his health had improved enough to allow him to perform some of his regular duties citation needed By the beginning of January 1980 however it became clear that Tito s life was in grave danger and Yugoslav political leadership secretly began preparations for his funeral citation needed Tito s wish was that he be buried in the House of Flowers on Dedinje hill that overlooks Belgrade Moma Martinovic a director for Radio Television Belgrade was summoned by Dragoljub Stavrev a vice president in the federal government to devise plans for broadcasting the funeral citation needed In late February Tito s health suddenly took a turn to the worst He suffered from kidney failure and in March his heart and lungs began to fail and in late April he suffered a stroke whilst he was still in the hospital Death edit nbsp Tito s Blue Train Plavi voz the train which carried Tito s coffin from Ljubljana to Belgrade Josip Broz Tito died in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery at the University Medical Centre Ljubljana on May 4 1980 at 3 05 pm due to complications of gangrene three days before his 88th birthday He died on the seventh floor in a small room on the southeast corner A commemorative inscription in the main hall later read Pot do osvoboditve cloveka bo se dolga a bila bi daljsa da ni zivel Tito The fight for peoples liberation will be a long one but would have been longer if Tito never lived That inscription was later removed Immediately upon learning of Tito s death a full extraordinary session of both the Presidency of Yugoslavia and the Presidency of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia was held in Belgrade starting at 6 00 pm at which Tito s death was formally declared via a joint statement nbsp The message from the CIA s FBIS Austria Bureau regarding the Radio Bucharest announcement of Tito s death filed on 4 May 1980 To the working class all the working people and citizens and all the nations and nationalities of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Comrade Tito has died On May 4th 1980 at 15 05 in Ljubljana the great heart of the President of our Socialist Yugoslavia the President of the Presidency of Yugoslavia the President of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia Marshal of Yugoslavia and the Commander in chief of the Yugoslav armed forces Josip Broz Tito has stopped beating Great sorrow and pain are shaking up the working class nations and nationalities of our country every citizen worker soldier war veteran farmer intellectual every creator pioneer and youth and every girl and mother Tito is our dearest friend For his entire life Tito was a fighter for the interests and goals of the working class for the most humane ideals and desires of our nations and nationalities Seven decades he was burning up in a workers movement For six decades he strengthened Yugoslav Communists For more than four decades he was the leader of our Party He was a heroic leader in World War II and the Socialist revolution For three and a half decades he led our Socialist country He moved our country and our fight for fairer human society into world history proving that way to be our most crucial historic world personality During the most fateful times of our survival and development Tito was bold and worthy of carrying the proletarian flag of our revolution persistently and consistently linked to the fate of nations and man He fought throughout his life and work and lived revolutionary humanism and fervour with enthusiasm and love for the country Tito was not only a visionary critic and translator of the world He reviewed the objective conditions and patterns of social movements into the great ideas and thoughts into action with the million masses of the people with him at the helm and made epochal progressive social transformations Thus forever shall his revolutionary work be remembered for all time in the history of the people and nationalities of Yugoslavia and the history of the independence of all of humankind Signed The Central Committee of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia and the Presidency of Yugoslavia Belgrade May 4 1980 8 After the declaration was read Stevan Doronjski President of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia said Eternal glory be to the memory of our great leader and father of the revolution President of Yugoslavia and General Secretary and President of the League our comrade Josip Broz Tito At the same meeting by the 1974 Yugoslav Constitution as amended it was decided that Lazar Kolisevski Vice President of the Presidency of Yugoslavia would temporarily take the office of the President of the Presidency of Yugoslavia and that Cvijetin Mijatovic a former member of the Presidency of SR Bosnia and Herzegovina would take Kolisevski s place as state vice president Following the LCY Statute as amended former chairman of Presidency of Central Committee of League of Communists of Yugoslavia Stevan Doronjski assumed the post of President of the Presidency of the Central Committee of League of Communists of Yugoslavia Immediately afterwards the Federal Executive Council government of Yugoslavia decided to announce a week of national mourning across the country formally and cancelled all entertainment cultural and sporting events 9 10 Many countries around the world declared periods of national mourning North Korea 11 Egypt 12 Algeria Tanzania 13 and Burma 13 announced seven days of mourning Pakistan 13 Cyprus and Ghana announced four days of mourning Jordan 12 India Iraq Cuba Guinea and Zambia announced three days of mourning Angola announced two days of mourning and Sri Lanka declared one day of mourning Grief in the nation edit nbsp Memorial reading the slogan much repeated in the 1980s column by Ironworks Zenica 8 May 1980 Tito s death was sudden and unexpected for Yugoslavian citizens who were minding their usual weekend activities In the evening of the key day TV stations were broadcasting normal programming on television until it was interrupted with a black screen for 30 seconds After that Miodrag Zdravkovic newsreader of Radio Television Belgrade read the following statement live Comrade Tito has died That was announced tonight by the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia and the Presidency of Yugoslavia to the working class all the working people and citizens and all the nations and nationalities of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 8 The same announcement was read out on the TV stations of each constituent republic in their respective languages On Sunday afternoons Yugoslav Television often broadcast association football games of the Yugoslav First League That day there was a league match in Split between NK Hajduk Split and FK Crvena Zvezda 8 When the match was in its 41st minute three men entered the Poljud Stadium pitch signaling the referee to stop the match Ante Skataretiko the president of Hajduk took the microphone and announced Tito s death What followed were sudden scenes of mass crying with some players such as Zlatko Vujovic collapsing down to the ground and weeping Players of both teams and referees aligned to stand in a moment of silence Once the stadium announcer said May he rest in peace the entire stadium of 50 000 football fans spontaneously started to sing Comrade Tito we swear to you from your path we will never depart sr Druze Tito mi ti se kunemo da sa tvoga puta ne skrenemo 8 14 The match was halted then replayed later in the month citation needed Grief for the statesman s death was largely based on his place in the Yugoslav political scene He had led the resistance movement against Axis occupation in the Second World War helped create a socialist federation principled on brotherhood and unity of Yugoslav nations stood for self determination and political independence of post war Yugoslavia from both Western and Eastern Bloc 15 co initiated the Non Aligned Movement at the time of peak tensions of possible nuclear warfare between the blocs all of which contributed to his general popularity in the country and abroad Dignitaries edit nbsp Nations that sent state delegations Nations that did not send state delegations but organizations from those nations did Nations that did not send state delegations nbsp State funeral of Josip Broz Tito Tito s blue train brought an empty coffin to the capital Belgrade due to the bad condition of his deceased body Tito s remains were instead transferred to Belgrade by a military helicopter Tito s funeral drew many statesmen to Belgrade Two notably absent statesmen were President of the United States Jimmy Carter and First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba Fidel Castro His death came just as the 1979 Soviet invasion of Afghanistan had ended the American Soviet detente Yugoslavia though a communist state was non aligned during the Cold War due to the Tito Stalin split in 1948 After learning that Chinese Communist Party chairman Hua Guofeng would lead the Chinese delegation the ailing Soviet general secretary Leonid Brezhnev decided to lead his nation s delegation In order to avoid meeting Brezhnev whilst in the middle of his campaign for the 1980 United States presidential election Carter opted to send his mother Lilian Carter and Vice President Walter Mondale as heads of the US delegation After realizing that leaders of all Warsaw Pact nations would attend the funeral Carter s decision was criticized by presidential candidate George H W Bush as a sign that the United States inferentially slams Yugoslavs at time that country has pulled away from Soviet Union 16 Carter visited Yugoslavia later in June 1980 and made a visit to Tito s grave 17 18 Helmut Schmidt chancellor of West Germany was highly active at the funeral meeting with Brezhnev East Germany s Erich Honecker and Poland s Edward Gierek British prime minister Margaret Thatcher sought to rally world leaders in order to harshly condemn the Soviet invasion citation needed While she was in Belgrade she held talks with Kenneth Kaunda Schmidt Francesco Cossiga and Nicolae Ceaușescu Brezhnev met with Kim Il Sung and Honecker James Callaghan leader of the British Labour Party explained his presence in Belgrade as an attempt to warm relations between his party and Yugoslav communists which was severed more than a decade ago after dissident Milovan Đilas was welcomed by Jennie Lee Minister for the Arts under Harold Wilson Mondale avoided the Soviets ignoring Brezhnev while passing close to him Soviet and Chinese delegations also avoided each other citation needed The pomp and scale of the funeral had been widely documented and the event was a source of pride for the country for years to come On the fifteenth anniversary of his death in 1995 the Croatian newspaper Arkzin noted that turbulent times still do not allow for a truly historical assessment of his stature and achievements but the appraisal which the world showed those days in May 1980 confirms that small nations and small states may produce world giants 19 During the funeral Yasser Arafat tapped on the shoulder of Margaret Thatcher after which she swung and shook his hand She stated that she could never forgive herself for shaking his hand 20 Tito was interred twice on May 8 The first interment was for cameras and dignitaries The grave was shallow with only a 200 kg 440 lb replica of the sarcophagus The second interment was held privately during the night citation needed His coffin was removed and the shallow grave was deepened The coffin was enclosed with a copper mask and interred again into a much deeper grave which was sealed with cement and topped with a 9 ton sarcophagus citation needed Communist officials were afraid that someone might steal the corpse as had happened to Charlie Chaplin However the 9 ton sarcophagus had to be put in place with a crane which would make the funeral unattractive citation needed In stark contrast to the pageantry of the funeral Tito s tomb was constructed of marble with a simple inscription that states JOSIP BROZ TITO 1892 1980 It did not incorporate a red star or any emblem linked to communism Historians who stated that the burial location which was the garden of the place he lived during the post war years more popularly known as the House of Flowers was selected according to Tito s wishes 21 The House of Flowers together with the Museum of Yugoslavia has since become a tourist destination and landmark of Belgrade visited by millions of people citation needed Foreign delegations editSource Mirosavljev Radoslav 1981 Titova poslednja bitka Tito s Last Battle in Serbo Croatian Beograd Narodna knjiga pp 262 264 State delegations edit Heads of state edit State delegations of those countries were led by their respective heads of state nbsp Algeria Chadli Bendjedid President Mohammed Seddik Benyahia Minister of Foreign Affairs nbsp Austria Rudolf Kirchschlager President Bruno Kreisky Federal Chancellor Willibald Pahr Foreign Minister nbsp Bangladesh Ziaur Rahman President Muhammad Shamsul Haque Minister of Foreign Affairs nbsp Belgium King Baudouin Wilfried Martens Prime Minister Henri Simonet Minister of Foreign Affairs nbsp Bulgaria Todor Zhivkov Chairman of the State Council nbsp Canada Edward Schreyer Governor General Jean Marchand Speaker of the Senate nbsp Czechoslovakia Gustav Husak President Milos Jakes First Secretary of the Communist Party Bohuslav Chnoupek Ministers of Foreign Affairs nbsp Ethiopia Mengistu Haile Mariam Chairman of the Derg nbsp Finland Urho Kekkonen President Paavo Vayrynen Minister of Foreign Affairs nbsp Greece Konstantinos Tsatsos President Agamemnon Gratzios Chief of the National Defence General Staff nbsp Guinea Ahmed Sekou Toure President Moussa Diakite Foreign minister nbsp Guinea Bissau Luis Cabral President Constantino Teixeira Commissar of Internal Affairs nbsp Hungary Janos Kadar General Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers Party nbsp Iraq Saddam Hussein President Sa dun Hammadi Foreign Minister nbsp Ireland Patrick Hillery President George Colley Tanaiste nbsp Italy Sandro Pertini President Francesco Cossiga Prime Minister Oddo Biasini Minister of Culture nbsp Jordan King Hussein Abdelhamid Sharaf Prime Minister nbsp Cyprus Spyros Kyprianou President Nicos A Rolandis Foreign Minister nbsp North Korea Kim Il Sung General Secretary of the Workers Party of Korea and President Ho Dam Foreign Minister O Jin u Minister of Defence nbsp Democratic Kampuchea Khieu Samphan President of the State Presidium and Prime Minister Teng Sang Vice President Note This delegation represented the UN recognized government of Cambodia Democratic Kampuchea although in 1980 Cambodia was de facto ruled as the People s Republic of Kampuchea 22 nbsp Luxembourg Jean Grand Duke Gaston Thorn Foreign Minister and Deputy Prime Minister nbsp Mali Moussa Traore President Alioune Blondin Beye Foreign Minister nbsp Malta Anton Buttigieg President nbsp East Germany Erich Honecker General Secretary of the Central Committee and the Chairman of the State Council Oskar Fischer Minister of Foreign Affairs Manfred Flegel Deputy Chairmen of the Council of Ministers nbsp West Germany Karl Carstens President Helmut Schmidt Chancellor Hans Dietrich Genscher Foreign Minister nbsp Norway King Olav V Odvar Nordli Prime Minister nbsp Pakistan Muhammad Zia ul Haq President Riaz Piracha Foreign Secretary nbsp Panama Aristides Royo President Carlos Osores Foreign Minister nbsp Poland Edward Gierek First Secretary of the Polish United Workers Party Wojciech Jaruzelski Minister of National Defence nbsp Portugal Antonio Ramalho Eanes President Francisco de Sa Carneiro Prime Minister nbsp Romania Nicolae Ceaușescu President Ilie Verdeț Prime Minister Ștefan Andrei Minister of Foreign Affairs nbsp San Marino Pietro Chiaruzzi and Primo Marani Captains Regent nbsp Soviet Union Leonid Brezhnev General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet Andrei Gromyko Ministry of Foreign Affairs nbsp Sweden King Carl XVI Gustaf Ola Ullsten Minister for Foreign Affairs nbsp Syria Hafez al Assad President Abdul Halim Khaddam Minister of Foreign Affairs and Deputy Prime Minister nbsp Tanzania Julius Nyerere President Benjamin Mkapa Minister of Foreign Affairs nbsp Togo Gnassingbe Eyadema President nbsp Zambia Kenneth Kaunda President Wilson M Chakulya Minister of Foreign Affairs Heads of government or vice heads of state edit State delegations of those countries were headed by their heads of government or vice heads of state nbsp Burma Maung Maung Kha Prime Minister nbsp Cape Verde Pedro Pires Prime Minister nbsp China Hua Guofeng Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party and Premier of China Ji Pengfei Secretary General of the State Council nbsp Egypt Hosni Mubarak Vice President nbsp France Raymond Barre Prime Minister Jean Francois Poncet Minister of Foreign Affairs nbsp Ghana Joseph W S deGraft Johnson Vice President Isaac Chinebuah Minister for Foreign Affairs William Ofori Atta Government Minister nbsp India Indira Gandhi Prime Minister nbsp Indonesia Adam Malik Vice President nbsp Japan Masayoshi Ōhira Prime Minister Yasure Katoi Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs nbsp Madagascar Charles Ravoajanakhari Vice President of the Supreme Revolutionary Council nbsp Mongolia Jambyn Batmonkh Prime Minister nbsp Netherlands Prince Claus Prince consort Prince Bernhard former Prince consort Dries van Agt Prime Minister Chris van der Klaauw Minister of Foreign Affairs nbsp Peru Pedro Richter Prada Prime Minister nbsp Spain Adolfo Suarez Prime Minister Marcelino Oreja Minister of Foreign Affairs nbsp Turkey Suleyman Demirel Prime Minister Hayrettin Erkmen Foreign Minister nbsp United Kingdom Prince Philip Consort of the Queen Margaret Thatcher Prime Minister Lord Carrington Foreign Secretary Fitzroy Maclean wartime British liaison to Yugoslav Partisans personal friend of Tito nbsp United States Walter Mondale Vice President Lillian Gordy Carter mother of President Jimmy Carter and W Averell Harriman former Governor of New York nbsp Yemen Arab Republic Qadi Abdel Vice President nbsp Zimbabwe Robert Mugabe Prime Minister Deputies or foreign ministers edit Delegations of those countries were headed by their deputy heads of state deputy heads of government or their foreign ministers nbsp Afghanistan Sultan Ali Keshtmand First Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers Shah Mohamad Dost Foreign Minister nbsp Australia Andrew Peacock Minister for Foreign Affairs nbsp Bolivia Gaston Aroas Levi Chancellor nbsp Brazil Jose Ferraz de Rosa Army General State Minister and General Chief of Staff Agripino Maia Foreign Minister nbsp Cameroon Jean Keutcha Foreign Minister nbsp Cuba Carlos Rafael Rodriguez Vice President of the Council of State Isidoro Malmierca Peoli Foreign Minister nbsp Denmark Henrik Prince Consort Kjeld Olesen Foreign Minister nbsp Guyana Ptolemy Reid Deputy Prime Minister nbsp Iran Sadegh Ghotbzadeh Minister of Foreign Affairs nbsp Mauritius Harold Edward Water Foreign Minister nbsp Mexico Enrique Olivares Santana Secretary of the Interior Luis M Farias President of the Chamber of Deputies nbsp Nepal Prince Gyanendra of Nepal and K B Shahi Minister of Foreign Affairs nbsp Nigeria Ishaya Audu Minister of Foreign Affairs Joseph Wayas President of the Senate nbsp Nicaragua Miguel d Escoto Brockmann Foreign Minister nbsp New Zealand Brian Talboys Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs nbsp Seychelles Jacques Hodoul Minister for Foreign Affairs nbsp Sri Lanka Abdul Cader Shahul Hameed Minister of External Affairs nbsp Switzerland Pierre Aubert Foreign Minister nbsp Thailand Thanat Khoman Deputy Prime Minister nbsp Uganda Otema Allimadi Foreign Minister nbsp Venezuela Jose Zambrano Velasco Minister of Foreign Affairs nbsp Vietnam Huỳnh Tấn Phat Deputy Prime Minister Other state delegations edit State delegations of those countries were headed by government ministers ambassadors or royal house members nbsp Albania Sokrat Plaka ambassador to Yugoslavia nbsp Angola Ambrosio Lukoki Minister of Education and Member of the Politburo of MPLA Afonso Van Dunem Member of the Central Committee of MPLA nbsp Argentina Alberto Rodriguez Varela Minister of Justice nbsp Benin Tonakpon Capo Chichi Minister of Culture and Agbahe Gregoire Minister of Tourism and Crafts nbsp Botswana A V Kgarebe High Commissioner to the United Kingdom nbsp Burundi Reni Nkonkengurute Member of the Politburo and Presidium of the Central Committee of the Union for National Progress Minister for Presidency affairs nbsp Central African Republic General Mbale Minister of Internal Affairs nbsp Colombia Gustavo Balcazar Monzon Colombia Ambassador to the United Kingdom nbsp Congo Jean Ganga Zansou President of the National Assembly nbsp Costa Rica Fernando Aldman Minister of Economy nbsp Ecuador Mario Aleman Sub secretary of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs nbsp Equatorial Guinea Abaga Julian Esono Ambassador to France nbsp Gabon Jean Robert Fungu Ambassador to Yugoslavia nbsp Iceland Ingvi Sigurdur Ingvarsson Ambassador to Sweden non resident Ambassador to Yugoslavia nbsp Ivory Coast K Nalobamba State Minister Tousagnon Benoit vice president of the National Assembly nbsp Jamaica K G Hill Ambassador to Geneva non resident Ambassador to Yugoslavia nbsp Kenya J H Okvanyo Trade minister nbsp Kuwait Sheikh Abdullah al Jaber Special emissary of Emir Jaber al Ahmad nbsp Lebanon Ali el Khalil Minister of Finance nbsp Liberia Robert Kvele Kennedy Ambassador to Rome non resident Ambassador to Yugoslavia nbsp Libya Abu Bakr Yunis Jabr Minister of Defence General of Army nbsp Liechtenstein Walter Oehry Government Minister nbsp Maldives Ahmed Zaki Permanent Representatives to the UN nbsp Malaysia Abdul Taib Mahmud Minister of Defence nbsp Mauritania Mohamme Ulg el Hussein Minister nbsp Morocco Dej Ould Sidi President of Parliament Mohammed Doniri Minister of Supplies nbsp Mozambique Marcelino dos Santos Member of the Central Committee of FRELIMO member of the Parliament Standing Committee nbsp Niger Mahamane Karmou Ambassador to USSR non resident Ambassador to Yugoslavia nbsp Oman Fahad bin Mahmoud Al Said Under secretary of judicial affairs nbsp Philippines Leon Ma Guerrero Ambassador to Yugoslavia nbsp Rwanda Jules Kanadra Ambassador to Moscow non resident Ambassador to Yugoslavia nbsp Sao Tome and Principe Brata da Coste Member of the Coordinating council of the MLSTP PSD Minister for Planning nbsp Senegal Maggat Lo President of the Economic social committee of the Parliament Mohammed Li Government Minister nbsp Sierra Leone Philip Faboe Secretary of State nbsp Singapore David Marshall Ambassador to France nbsp Somalia Ismail Ali Abokor President of the People s Assembly and Member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the Somali Revolutionary Socialist Party nbsp South Yemen M S Muti Member of the Politburo and Secretary of the Central Committee of the Yemeni Socialist Party A R Ratib Member of the Politburo nbsp Sudan Sherif Ghasim Member of the Politburo of the Sudanese Socialist Union nbsp Trinidad and Tobago James O Neil Ambassador to Belgium non resident Ambassador to Yugoslavia nbsp Tunisia Sadok Mokaddem President of the Assembly and Member of the Politburo of the Socialist Destourian Party and Habib Bourguiba Jr nbsp Upper Volta Tiemoko Marc Garango Ambassador to West Germany non resident Ambassador to Yugoslavia nbsp Uruguay Walter Ravenna Minister of National Defence nbsp Vatican City Achille Silvestrini Secretary of the Council for Public Affairs of the Church nbsp Zaire Nzondomyo a Dokpe Lingo President of the National Assembly Delegations of parties and organizations edit International organizations edit nbsp Arab League Chedli Klibi Secretary General nbsp European Parliament Simone Veil President nbsp Council of Europe Franz Karasek Secretary General nbsp European Commission Wilhelm Haferkamp Vice President nbsp Commonwealth Shridath Ramphal Secretary General OECD Emiel van Lennep Secretary General nbsp United Nations Kurt Waldheim Secretary General P N Dhar nbsp UNESCO Amadou Mahtar M Bow Director General Liberation movements edit nbsp Palestine Liberation Organization Yasser Arafat Chairman nbsp Polisario Front Mohamed Abdelaziz Chairman of the Revolutionary Council nbsp SWAPO David Meroro President of the People s Assembly Political parties and Trade unions edit Communist Party of Australia Bernie Taft Secretary Labour Party of Australia Jane Taggart Communist Party of Austria Franz Muhri president and Josef Nichel Vizer Member of the Central Committee Bangladesh Awami League Kamal Hosein Communist Party of Belgium Louis Van Geyt president Jean Debruvere Member of the Politbureau Socialist Party Belgium Andre Cools president Irene Petry member of the National Bureau Vice President of the Socialist International President of the Socialist International Women Communist Party of Chile Milo Carres Orlando Member of the Politbureau Socialist Party of Chile Carlos Altamirano Secretary Clodomiro Almeida Secretary Popular Unitary Action Movement Ricardo Lopez Radical Party of Chile Benjamin Tekliski Executive Secretary Communist Party of Denmark Jorgen Jensen president Hans Kloster member of the Central Committee Socialist People s Party of Denmark Gert Petersen president Dominican Revolutionary Party Francisco Pena Gomez Labor Party of Egypt Hamid Zidani Arab Trade Unions Egypt Fati Mohammad Secretary General Communist Party of France Georges Marchais Secretary general French Socialist Party Francois Mitterrand First secretary Lionel Jospin National Secretary French Unified Socialist Party Maurice Revenel National secretary Victor Ledik National secretary French Democratic Confederation of Labour Edmond Maire Secretary General Jacques Chereque Deputy Secretary General General Confederation of Labour France Gerard Gomez National Secretary French Radical Party of the Left Francois Lissere People s National Party Ghana Nana Okutwer Beko president Communist Party of Greece Interior Babis Drakopoulos Secretary General Communist Party of Greece Charilaos Florakis Secretary General United Democratic Left Greece Manolis Glezos Party of Democratic Socialism Greece Yagos Pesmazoglou Georgios Milonas Charalambos Protopapas PASOK Andreas Papandreou President General Confederation of Greek Workers Nicholas Papageorgiou President Communist Party of the Netherlands Henk Hoekstra chairman Labour Party Netherlands Joop den Uyl Parliamentary group leader Communist Party of Ireland Andy Barr president Communist Party of Italy Enrico Berlinguer Secretary General Italian Socialist Party Bettino Craxi Secretary General Italian Democratic Socialist Party Ruggero Puletti deputy Secretary General Giuseppe Amadei Proletarian Unity Party Italy and the Workers Movement for Socialism Lucio Magri Secretary General Luca Cafiero Secretary Christian Democracy Italy Vito Lattanzio Japanese Communist Party Kamejiro Senaga Sakundo Onuma Socialist Party of Japan Tomio Kawahami Eiji Yasai African National Congress Thomas Nkobi Colombian Communist Party Alvaro Delgado Lebanese Communist Party Nicolas Shawi Secretary General Progressive Socialist Party Walid Jumblatt President Socialist Union of Popular Forces Abderahime Buabid Secretary General Party of Progress and Socialism Morocco Ali Yata Secretary General Communist Party of Mauritius Chandramun President Mexican Communist Party Marcos Leonel Pasades Member of the executive committee German Communist Party Herbert Mies Carlos Schroder Social Democratic Party of Germany Willy Brandt President President of the Socialist International National Party of Nigeria Augustus Akinloye President Portuguese Communist Party Alvaro Cunhal Secretary General Socialist Party Portugal Mario Soares Secretary General Left wing Union for the Socialist Democracy Portugal Antonio Lopes Cardoso Secretary General Sammarinese Communist Party Umberto Barulli Secretary General Sammarinese Socialist Party Giuseppe della Balda Syrian Communist Party Daniel Neme Communist Party of Spain Santiago Carrillo Secretary General Spanish Socialist Workers Party Felipe Gonzalez Secretary General Union General de Trabajadores Spain Anton Valentin Sri Lanka Freedom Party Sirimavo Bandaranaike President Swiss Party of Labour Jean Vincent honorary President Progressive Organizations of Switzerland Georg Degen Left Party the Communists Sweden Lars Werner President Bo Hammar member of the Politbureau Swedish Social Democratic Party Sten Andersson Secretary Republican People s Party Turkey Bulent Ecevit President Communist Party of Britain Gordon McLennan Secretary General Labour Party UK James Callaghan Leader Media coverage editThe funeral was broadcast live by many countries on their state television channels In West Germany it was aired on the first program Austrian television featured the film Memories of President Tito for an hour followed by a 3 hour broadcast of the funeral In the U S all three major television networks covered the funeral Both French main channels directly broadcast the burial The same situation occurred in Belgium and British television aired almost 4 hours of the ceremony The Australian network covered the entire ceremony In total 44 countries broadcast Tito s funeral 23 References edit Carter Jimmy 4 May 1980 Josip Broz Tito Statement on the Death of the President of Yugoslavia Retrieved 26 April 2010 Vidmar Josip Rajko Bobot Miodrag Vartabedijan Branibor Debeljakovic Zivojin Jankovic Ksenija Dolinar 1981 Josip Broz Tito Ilustrirani zivljenjepis Jugoslovenska revija p 166 Ridley Jasper 1996 Tito A Biography Constable p 19 ISBN 0 09 475610 4 Raj u koji Broz nije stigao Blic 2 May 2010 Retrieved 2 May 2010 Specialist consults on Tito Lodi News 7 January 1980 Tito surgery succesuful Beaver County Times 14 January 1980 8 DOCTORS SAY TITO IS IN GOOD CONDITION First Official Response to Surgery Strengthens Hope He Will Return to Duties Within Limits of Normal Control Would Likely Continue Concentration on Foreign Affairs New York Times 22 January 1980 a b c d Anniversary of Marshal Tito s death yugoslavian blogspot com 4 May 2009 Retrieved 4 October 2013 Anniversary of Marshal Tito s death Retrieved 3 September 2023 Yugoslav President Tito Dies PDF stanford edu 9 May 1980 Retrieved 3 September 2023 Kim Yongho 16 December 2010 North Korean Foreign Policy Security Dilemma and Succession Lexington Books ISBN 9780739148648 a b Yugoslav News Bulletin 1980 a b c Titomanija Retrieved 18 April 2022 Borneman John 2004 Death of the Father An Anthropology of the End in Political Authority Berghahn Books ISBN 9781571811110 Stevanovic Vidosav 2004 Milosevic The People s Tyrant London I B Tauris p 13 ISBN 1860648428 Bush Blasts Carter For Not Attending Tito Funeral Lakeland Ledger 9 May 1980 Jimmy Carter Visits President Tito s Grave 1980 Yugoslavia Virtual Museum 12 November 2010 Retrieved 12 January 2015 Jimmy Carter Yugoslavia Conclusion of State Visit Joint Statement June 29 1980 Online by Gerhard Peters and John T Woolley The American Presidency Project http www presidency ucsb edu ws index php pid 44655 Borneman John 2004 Death of the Father An Anthropology of the End in Political Authority New York Berghahn Books p 168 ISBN 1571811117 Bermant Azriel 2016 Margaret Thatcher and the Middle East New York NY USA p 47 ISBN 978 1 107 15194 9 OCLC 944179832 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Crnobrnja Mihailo 1996 The Yugoslav Drama London I B Tauris p 81 ISBN 1860641261 Martin Marie Alexandrine 1994 Cambodia A Shattered Society Berkeley and Los Angeles California University of California Press p 244 ISBN 0520070526 Jugoslavija o Titu Svet o Titu 1980 2nd ed 1981 External links edit nbsp Media related to Death and state funeral of Josip Broz Tito at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Death and state funeral of Josip Broz Tito amp oldid 1220976224, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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