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Socialist International

July 06, 2023

The Socialist International (SI) is a political international or worldwide organisation of political parties which seek to establish democratic socialism.[1] It consists mostly of social-democratic, socialist and labour political parties and organisations.

Socialist International
Socialist International logo
Countries with party members in the Socialist International
AbbreviationSI
PredecessorLabour and Socialist International
Formation3 June 1951; 72 years ago (1951-06-03)
TypeInternational non-governmental organization
Purpose"Strengthen relations between the affiliated parties and to coordinate their political attitudes and activities"[1]
Location
Region served
Worldwide
Membership
119 political parties and 13 affiliated organizations
President
Pedro Sánchez
Secretary General
Benedicta Lasi
Main organ
Congress of the Socialist International
SecessionsProgressive Alliance
Budget
£1.4 million (2014)[2]
Websitesocialistinternational.org

Although formed in 1951 as a successor to the Labour and Socialist International, it has antecedents in the late 19th century. The organisation currently includes 132 member parties[3] and organisations from over 100 countries. Its members have governed in many countries, including most of Europe. In 2013, a schism in the SI led to the establishment of the Progressive Alliance.[4]

The current secretary general of the SI is Benedicta Lasi (Ghana) and the current president of the SI is the prime minister of Spain, Pedro Sánchez,[5] both of whom were elected at the last SI Congress held in Madrid, Spain, in November 2022.

History

First and Second Internationals (1864–1916)

The International Workingmen's Association, also known as the First International, was the first international body to bring together organisations representing the working class.[6] It was formed in London on 28 September 1864 by socialist, communist and anarchist political groups and trade unions.[7] Tensions between moderates and revolutionaries led to its dissolution in 1876 in Philadelphia.[8]

The Second International was formed in Paris on 14 July 1889 as an association of the socialist parties.[9] Differences over World War I led to the Second International being dissolved in 1916.

Labour and Socialist International (1919–1940)

The International Socialist Commission (ISC), also known as the Berne International, was formed in February 1919 at a meeting in Bern by parties that wanted to resurrect the Second International.[10] In March 1919, Communist parties formed the Communist International ("Comintern"), the Third International, at a meeting in Moscow.[11]

Some parties did not want to be a part of the resurrected Second International (ISC) or Comintern. They formed the International Working Union of Socialist Parties (IWUSP, also known as Vienna International, Vienna Union, or Two-and-a-Half International) on 27 February 1921 at a conference in Vienna.[12] The ISC and the IWUSP joined to form the Labour and Socialist International (LSI) in May 1923 at a meeting in Hamburg.[13] The rise of Nazism and the start of World War II led to the dissolution of the LSI in 1940.

Socialist International (1951–present)

The Socialist International was formed in Frankfurt in July 1951 as a successor to the LSI.[14]

During the post-World War II period, the SI aided social democratic parties in re-establishing themselves when dictatorship gave way to democracy in Portugal (1974) and Spain (1975). Until its 1976 Geneva Congress, the SI had few members outside Europe and no formal involvement with Latin America.[15] In the 1980s, most SI parties gave their backing to the Nicaraguan Sandinistas (FSLN), whose democratically elected left-wing government was subject to a campaign to overthrow it backed by the United States, which culminated in the Iran–Contra affair after the Reagan administration covertly continued US support for the Contras after such support was banned by Congress.

 
Willy Brandt with outgoing secretary general Bernt Carlsson (left) and new secretary general Pentti Väänänen (right) at the Socialist International Congress in 1983

In the late 1970s and in the 1980s the SI had extensive contacts and discussion with the two leading powers of the Cold War period, the United States and the Soviet Union, on issues concerning East–West relations and arms control. The SI supported détente and disarmament agreements, such as SALT II, START and INF. They had several meetings and discussion in Washington, D.C. with President Jimmy Carter and Vice-President George Bush and in Moscow with Secretaries General Leonid Brezhnev and Mikhail Gorbachev. The SI's delegations to these discussions were led by the Finnish Prime Minister Kalevi Sorsa.[16]

Since then, the SI has admitted as members an increasing number of parties and organisations from Africa, Asia, Europe and Latin America (see below for current list).

Following the Tunisian Revolution, the Constitutional Democratic Rally was expelled from the SI in January 2011;[17] later that month the Egyptian National Democratic Party was also expelled;[18] and as a result of the 2010–2011 Ivorian crisis, the Ivorian Popular Front was expelled in March 2011,[19] in accordance with section 7.1 of the statutes of the Socialist International. These decisions were approved at the subsequent SI Congress in Cape Town in 2012 in line with section 5.1.3 of the statutes.[20] These were long term ruling parties of one-party states who were overthrown in the protests of the Arab Spring.

Progressive Alliance split (2013)

On 22 May 2013 the Social Democratic Party of Germany along with some other current and former member parties of the SI founded a rival international network of social-democratic parties known as the Progressive Alliance, citing the perceived undemocratic and outmoded nature of the SI,[21][22][23][24] as well as the Socialist International's admittance and continuing inclusion of undemocratic political movements into the organization.[25][26]

After the 2012 Congress, the SI underwent major changes as many of the large European parties allowed their membership to lapse – for example the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) and the Swedish Social Democratic Labour Party – or downgraded their membership to observer status – for example, the British Labour Party and the Norwegian Labour Party (DNA). These parties now concentrate their international links on the Progressive Alliance, with the SI's focus now increasingly being on the global south.

Relationship with Latin America

For a long time, the Socialist International remained distant from Latin America, considering the region as a zone of influence of the United States. For example, it did not denounce the coup d'état against Socialist President Jacobo Árbenz in Guatemala in 1954 or the invasion of the Dominican Republic by the United States in 1965. It was not until the 1973 Chilean coup d'état that "a world we did not know" was discovered explained Antoine Blanca, a diplomat for the French PS. According to him, solidarity with the Chilean left was "the first challenge worthy of the name, against Washington, of an International which, until then, had done everything to appear subject to American strategy and NATO". Subsequently, notably under the leadership of François Mitterrand, the SI supported the Sandinistas in Nicaragua and other movements in El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras in their struggle against US-supported dictatorships.[27]

In the 1990s, it was joined by non-socialist parties that took note of the economic power of the European countries governed or to be governed by their partners across the Atlantic and calculated the benefits they could derive from it.[citation needed] During this period, "the socialist international works in a clientist way; some parties come here to rub shoulders with Europeans as if they were in the upper class," says Porfirio Muñoz Ledo, one of the representatives of the Party of the Democratic Revolution (Mexico) at the SI. It is home to "the very centrist Argentinean Radical Civic Union (UCR); the Mexican Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), which was not very democratically in power for seventy years; the Colombian Liberal Party—under whose governments the left-wing formation Patriotic Union (1986–1990) was exterminated—introduced the neoliberal model (1990–1994) and to which, until 2002, Álvaro Uribe will belong". In the following decade, many left-wing parties that came to power (in Brazil, Venezuela, Bolivia, Ecuador and El Salvador) preferred to keep their distance from the SI.[27]

The logo is the fist and rose, based on the 1977 design by José María Cruz Novillo for the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, itself a variant of the logo of the French Socialist Party. Variants of the emblem are or were used by several SI member parties.[28]

Presidents, honorary presidents and secretaries general

Presidents

  • As of 2023, there have been a total of 9 Socialist International presidents.
# Name Portrait Country Presidency

start date

Presidency

end date

Time in office
1 Morgan Phillips (1902–1963)   United Kingdom Labour Party 1951 1957 6 years
2 Alsing Andersen (1893–1962)     Denmark Social Democratic Party of Denmark 1957 1962 5 years
3 Erich Ollenhauer (1901–1963)     West Germany Social Democratic Party of Germany 1963
4 Bruno Pittermann (1905–1983)     Austria Social Democratic Party of Austria 1964 1976 12 years
5 Willy Brandt (1913-1992)     West Germany Social Democratic Party of Germany 1976 1992 16 years
6 Pierre Mauroy (1928–2013)     France Socialist Party of France 17 September 1992 10 November 1999 7 years, 54 days
7 António Guterres (born 1949)     Portugal Socialist Party of Portugal 10 November 1999 15 June 2005 5 years, 217 days
8 George Papandreou
(born 1952) 		    Greece PASOK / KIDISO 30 January 2006 25 November 2022 16 years, 300 days
9 Pedro Sánchez
(born 1972) 		    Spain Spanish Socialist Workers' Party 25 November 2022 Incumbent 221 days

Honorary presidents

Current and honorary presidents include:[29]

Secretaries general

Summits

Members

Full members

There are 92 full members:[30][31]

Country Name Abbr Government Notes
  Albania Socialist Party of Albania[32][33][34] PS in government Admitted as consultative member in 1999.[35][34] Promoted to full member in 2003.[36]
  Algeria Socialist Forces Front[37][38][39] FFS in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1992.[40] Promoted to full member in 1996.[41][39]
  Andorra Social Democratic Party[42][43] PS in opposition Promoted to full member in 2003.[36][43]
  Angola Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola[44] MPLA in government Admitted as observer member in 1996.[41] Promoted to full member in 2003.[36][44]
  Argentina Radical Civic Union[45] UCR in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1996.[41] Promoted to full member in 1999.[35][45]
  Armenia Armenian Revolutionary Federation[46][47] ARF in opposition Admitted (as Armenian Socialist Party) as observer member in 1996.[41][47] Promoted (as ASP) to consultative member in 1999.[35] Promoted (as ASP) to full member in 2003.[36]
  Azerbaijan Azerbaijani Social Democratic Party ASDP in opposition Admitted as observer member in 1996.[41] Promoted to consultative member in 2003.[36] Readmitted as consultative member in June/July 2014.[48] Admitted as full member in 2016.[49]
  Belarus Belarusian Social Democratic Party BSDP in opposition Admitted as observer member in 1999.[35] Promoted to consultative member in 2003.[36] Promoted to full member in November 2015.[50]
  Belgium Socialist Party[51] PS junior party in coalition
  Bolivia National Unity Front UN extra-parliamentary Promoted to full member in March 2017.
  Bosnia and Herzegovina Social Democratic Party of Bosnia and Herzegovina[52][43] SDP BiH in government Admitted as observer member in 1996.[41] Promoted to full member in 1999.[35][43]
  Brazil Democratic Labour Party[53] PDT in government Admitted as consultative member in 1986.[54][53] Promoted to full member in 1989.[53][55]
  Bulgaria Party of Bulgarian Social Democrats[56] PBSD in opposition
Bulgarian Socialist Party[57] BSP in government Admitted as full member in 2003.[36][57]
  Burkina Faso People's Movement for Progress MPP in government Admitted as full member in 2016.[49]
  Cameroon Social Democratic Front[58] SDF in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1996.[41] Promoted to full member in 1999.[35][58]
  Cape Verde African Party for the Independence of Cape Verde[59] PAICV in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1992.[40] Promoted to full member in 1996.[41][59]
  Central African Republic Movement for the Liberation of the Central African People MLPC in opposition Admitted as observer member in 2008.[60] Upgraded to full member in 2018.
  Chad National Union for Democracy and Renewal UNDR in opposition Admitted as observer member in June/July 2014.[48] Upgraded to full member in 2017.
  Chile Party for Democracy[61] PPD in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1992.[40] Promoted to full member in 1996.[41][61]
Radical Party of Chile[62] PRSD in opposition
Socialist Party of Chile[63] PS in government Admitted as consultative member in 1992.[40] Promoted to full member in 1996.[41][63]
  Colombia Colombian Liberal Party[64] PLC junior party in coalition Admitted as consultative member in 1992.[40] Promoted to full member in 1999.[35][64]
  Costa Rica National Liberation Party[65] PLN in opposition Full member since 1987.[65]
  Croatia Social Democratic Party of Croatia[66][67] SDP in opposition Admitted as full member in 1999.[35][67]
  Cyprus Movement for Social Democracy[68][69] EDEK in opposition Full member since 1987.[69] Promoted to full member in 1992.[40]
    Cyprus (North) Republican Turkish Party CTP in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 2008 (pending consultation).[60] Promoted to full member in June/July 2014.[48]
Communal Democracy Party TDP in opposition Admitted as consultative member in November 2015.[50] Promoted to full member in March 2017.
  Czech Republic Social Democracy[70][71] SOCDEM in opposition
  Democratic Republic of the Congo Union for Democracy and Social Progress UDPS in government Admitted as observer member in 2003.[36]
  Dominican Republic Dominican Revolutionary Party[72] PRD in opposition Full member since 1987.[72]
  Equatorial Guinea Convergence for Social Democracy[73] CPDS in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1996.[41] Promoted to full member in 1999.[35][73]
  Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland SDP senior party in coalition
  France Socialist Party[74] PS in opposition
  Ghana National Democratic Congress NDC in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[36] Promoted to full member in 2008.[60]
  Greece PASOK – Movement for Change PASOK-KINAL in opposition Full member since 1990.[75]
  Guatemala National Unity of Hope UNE in opposition Admitted as full member in 2008.[60]
  Guinea Rally of the Guinean People[76][77] RPG in government Admitted (as Guinean People's Assembly) as consultative member in 1999.[35] Promoted (as GPA) to full member in 2003.[36][77]
  Haiti Fusion of Haitian Social Democrats[78] PFSDH in opposition Full member since 1989.[78]
Social Democratic Assembly for the Progress of Haiti (RSD) RSD in opposition Admitted as full members in 2018[79]
  Hungary Hungarian Socialist Party[80][81] MSzP in opposition Admitted as observer member in 1992.[40][81] Promoted to full member in 1996.[41]
  India Indian National Congress INC in opposition Originally joined in 1993.[82] Readmitted as full member December 2014.[83]
  Iran Kurdistan Democratic Party KDP — Admitted as a full member in November 2015.[50]
  Iraq Patriotic Union of Kurdistan PUK junior party in coalition Admitted as observer member in 2003.[36] Promoted to full member in 2008.[60]
  Israel Meretz[84][69] מרצ extra-parliamentary
  Italy Italian Socialist Party PSI extra-parliamentary
  Jamaica People's National Party[85] PNP in opposition Full member since 1952.[85] Temporarily demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[30]
  Japan Social Democratic Party[86] SDP in opposition Full member since 1951 as the Japan Socialist Party.[86]
  Kazakhstan Nationwide Social Democratic Party OSDP — Admitted as consultative member in 2012.[87] Promoted to full member in November 2015.[50]
  Kyrgyzstan Social Democratic Party of Kyrgyzstan SDPK in government Promoted to full member in June 2018.
  Lebanon Progressive Socialist Party[88] PSP in opposition Full member since 1980.[88]
  Lithuania Social Democratic Party of Lithuania[89] LSDP in opposition Full member since the 1990s.[89]
  Luxembourg Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party[90][91] LSAP/POSL junior party in coalition Full member since 1951.[91]
  Mali Alliance for Democracy in Mali[92] ADEMA-PASJ — Admitted as consultative member in 1996.[41] Promoted to full member in 1999.[35][92] Promoted to full member in 2008.[60]
Rally for Mali RPM — Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[36]
  Mauritania Rally of Democratic Forces RFD in opposition Admitted as observer member in 2003.[36] Promoted to full member in 2008.[60]
  Mauritius Labour Party[93] PT in opposition Full member since 1969.[93]
Mauritian Militant Movement[94] MMM in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1996.[41] Promoted to full member in 2003.[36][94] Part of the Alliance of the Heart.
  Mexico Institutional Revolutionary Party[95] PRI in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1996.[41] Promoted to full member in 2003.[36][95]
  Moldova Democratic Party of Moldova[96] PDM in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 2008.[60] Promoted to full member in 2012.[87]
Part of Alliance for European Integration.
  Mongolia Mongolian People's Party[97][98] MPP in government Admitted (as Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party) as observer member in 1999.[35][98]
Promoted (as Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party) to full member in 2003.[36][98]
  Montenegro Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro[99] DPS in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[36] Promoted to full member in 2008.[60]
Social Democratic Party of Montenegro[99][100][101] SDP in opposition Admitted as observer member in 1996.[41] Promoted to consultative member in 1999.[35] Promoted to full member in 2003.[36][101]
  Morocco Socialist Union of Popular Forces[102][103][104] USFP in opposition Promoted to full member in 1992.[40]
  Mozambique Frelimo Party[105] FRELIMO in government Admitted as consultative member in 1996.[41] Promoted to full member in 1999.[35]
  Namibia South West Africa People's Organisation SWAPO in government Promoted to full member in 2008.[60]
    Nepal Nepali Congress[106][107] NC in government Admitted as consultative member in 1989.[55] Promoted to full member in 1999.[35][107]
  Niger Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism[108] PNDS in government Admitted as consultative member in 1996.[41] Promoted to full member in 2003.[36][108]
  Pakistan Pakistan Peoples Party[108] PPP in government Admitted as consultative member in 1989.[55] Promoted to full member in 2003.[36][109]
  Palestine Fatah[110][111] in government Admitted as observer member in 1996.[41] Promoted to consultative member in 1999.[35]
Promoted to full member in 2012.[87]
  Panama Democratic Revolutionary Party[112] PRD in government Admitted as consultative member in 1986.[54][112] Admitted as consultative member in 1996.[41] Promoted to full member in 2003.[36]
  Paraguay Progressive Democratic Party PDP in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 2008.[60] Promoted to full member in November 2015.[50]
  Peru American Popular Revolutionary Alliance[113] APRA in opposition Promoted to full member in 1999.[35]
  Philippines Philippine Democratic Socialist Party PDSP in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1992.[40] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[30] Delisted in December 2014. Reinstated in 2019.
  Portugal Socialist Party[114] PS in government
  Puerto Rico Puerto Rican Independence Party[115] PIP in opposition Consultative member in 1987, full member in 1994.[115] Promoted to full member in 1992.[40]
  Romania Social Democratic Party[116][117] PSD in government Admitted as consultative member in 1996.[41] Promoted to full member in 1999.[35] PSDR admitted as consultative member in 1992, full member in 2001.[117] Admitted as full member in 2003.[36] Both parties merged into PSD in 2001.
  San Marino Party of Socialists and Democrats[108] PSD junior partner in coalition Consultative member in 1961, full member in 1980.[108]
  Senegal Socialist Party of Senegal[118][119] PS — Full member since the 1970s.[119] Boycotted last election.
  Slovakia Direction – Slovak Social Democracy[120] SMER-SD in opposition Full member.[120]
  South Africa African National Congress[121] ANC in government Admitted as full member in 1999.[35][121]
  Spain Spanish Socialist Workers' Party[122] PSOE in government Full member since 1951.[122]
  Tunisia Democratic Forum for Labour and Liberties FDTL junior party in coalition Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[36] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[30] Promoted to full member in 2012.[87]
  Turkey Republican People's Party[123][124][125] CHP in opposition Took Social Democratic Populist Party's place in 1995.[125]
  Uruguay New Space[126][127] PNE in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1999.[35] Promoted to full member in 2003.[36][127]
  Venezuela A New Era UNT in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 2013.[128] Promoted to full member in November 2015.[50]
Democratic Action[129][130] AD in opposition Observer member in 1966, consultative member in 1981, full member mid 1980s.[130]
Popular Will VP in opposition Admitted as full member in December 2014.[83]
  Yemen Yemeni Socialist Party YSP in opposition Admitted as observer member in 2003.[36] Promoted to consultative member in 2008.[60]
Promoted to full member in 2012.[87]

Consultative parties

There are 19 consultative parties:[30][31]

Country Name Abbr Government Notes
  Botswana Botswana Democratic Party BDP in government Admitted as consultative member in June/July 2014.[48]
  Democratic Republic of the Congo Unified Lumumbist Party PALU in opposition Admitted as observer member in December 2014.[83] Upgraded to consultative in 2019.
  Djibouti Movement for Democratic Renewal and Development MRD in opposition Admitted as consultative members in 2019.
  Eswatini People's United Democratic Movement PUDEMO — Admitted as consultative member in 2013.[128] Political parties are banned in Eswatini.
  Gabon Gabonese Progress Party PGP — Admitted as consultative member in 1996.[41]
  Gambia United Democratic Party UDP — Admitted as consultative member in 2012.[87] Boycotted last election.
  Georgia Social Democrats for the Development of Georgia SDD — Admitted as consultative member in 2013.[128]
  Ghana Convention People's Party CPP Admitted as consultative member in 2018
  Guinea-Bissau African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde PAIGC in government Admitted as consultative member in 2008.[60]
  Iran Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan PDKI — Admitted as observer member in 1996.[41] Promoted to consultative member in 2008.[60]
Komala Party of Iranian Kurdistan KPIK — Admitted as observer member in 2014[131] Promoted to consultative member in 2018 [132]
  Palestine Palestinian National Initiative[111] PNI in opposition Admitted as observer member in 2008.[60] Promoted to consultative member in 2012.[87]
Palestine Popular Struggle Front PPSF Admitted as consultative member in 2018.
  Sahrawi Republic Polisario Front POLISARIO in government Admitted as observer member in 2008.[60] Promoted to consultative member in 2017.[133][134]
  São Tomé and Príncipe Movement for the Liberation of São Tomé and Príncipe/Social Democratic Party MLSTP/PSD in government Admitted as consultative member in 2013.[128]
  Syria Democratic Union Party PYD Admitted as consultative member in November 2015.[50]
  Togo Democratic Convention of African Peoples CDPA Admitted as consultative member in 1999.[35]
  Turkey Peoples' Democratic Party HDP in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 2015.
  Ukraine Social Democratic Party of Ukraine[135] SDPU — Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[36]

Observer parties

There are eight observer parties:[30][31]

Country Name Abbr Government Notes
  Eswatini Swazi Democratic Party SWADEPA in opposition Admitted as observer member in June/July 2014.[48]
  Iran Komala Party of Kurdistan KPK Admitted as observer member in December 2014.[83]
  Ireland Labour Party[136][137] in opposition
  Kenya Labour Party of Kenya Admitted as observer member in 2012.[87]
  Kosovo Vetëvendosje VV in government Admitted as observer member in 2018.
  Lesotho Lesotho Congress for Democracy LCD in opposition Admitted as observer member in June/July 2014.[48]
  Serbia Social Democratic Party of Serbia SDPS junior party in coalition government Admitted as observer member in 2018.
  Somaliland Justice and Welfare Party JWP Admitted as observer member in 2013 [138]
  United Kingdom Labour Party[139] in opposition Member since 1951.[139] Welsh Labour is in government in Wales and London Labour holds the London Mayoralty. The party asked to be downgraded to observer status in February 2013 "in view of ethical concerns, and to develop international co-operation through new networks."[140] The request was accepted later that year.
  United Kingdom (Northern Ireland) Social Democratic and Labour Party[141][142] SDLP in opposition Admitted as a full member in 1974.[142]

Former members

Country Name Abbr Notes
  Albania Social Democratic Party of Albania[143] PSD Admitted as consultative member in 1992.[40] Promoted to full member in 1996.[41][143] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[30] Delisted in December 2014.
  Algeria National Liberation Front FLN Expelled following the 2019 Algerian protests.
  Andorra New Democracy ND Admitted as consultative member in 1999.[35]
  Antigua and Barbuda Antigua and Barbuda Labour Party ALP Admitted as consultative member in 2008.[60]
  Argentina Popular Socialist Party PSP Admitted as full member in 1992.[40] Merged with the Democratic Socialist Party to form the Socialist Party.
Socialist Party[144][145] PS Full member since 1951.[145]
  Aruba People's Electoral Movement[44] MEP Promoted to full member in 1992.[40] Full member since 1994.[44] Delisted in December 2014.
  Australia Australian Labor Party[146] ALP Admitted as full member in 1966.[146] Delisted in December 2014.
  Austria Social Democratic Party of Austria SPÖ Admitted as a full member in 1951.[147] Delisted in 2022.
  Barbados Barbados Labour Party[148] BLP Admitted as full member in 1987.[148] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[30] Delisted in December 2014.
  Belgium Belgian Socialist Party PSB/BSP Founder member. Split in 1978.
Forward Delisted in 2017.
  Benin Democratic Union of Progressive Forces UDFP Admitted as observer member in 1992.[40]
Social Democratic Party[149] PSD Admitted as consultative member in 1999.[35][149] Promoted to full member in 2003.[36][149]
  Bosnia and Herzegovina Alliance of Independent Social Democrats SNSD Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[36] Promoted to full member in 2008[60] Expelled in August 2012.[87]
  Botswana Botswana National Front BNF Admitted as observer member in 1996.[41]
  Bolivia Revolutionary Left Movement[150] MIR Admitted as consultative member in 1986.[54] Consultative member in 1987.[150] Promoted to full member in 1992.[40][150]
  Bulgaria Bulgarian Euro-Left BEL[151] Admitted as observer member in 1999.[35]
  Burkina Faso Party for Democracy and Progress / Socialist Party[61] PDP/PS Admitted as full member circa 1995.[61] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[30] Delisted in December 2014.
  Burundi Front for Democracy in Burundi FRODEBU Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[36] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[30]
Delisted in December 2014.
  Canada Co-operative Commonwealth Federation CCF Became the New Democratic Party in 1961.
  Canada New Democratic Party[152] NDP/NPD Delisted in 2018.[153][failed verification]
  Central African Republic Movement for Democracy and Social Progress MDPS Admitted as observer member in 1992.[40]
  Ivory Coast Ivorian Popular Front[154] FPI Admitted as consultative member in 1992.[40] Promoted to full member in 1996.[41][154] Expelled in March 2011.[19]
  Colombia Alternative Democratic Pole PDA Former observer member. Delisted in December 2014.
M-19 Democratic Alliance AD/M-19 Admitted as observer member in 1992.[40]
  Curaçao Partido MAN MAN Promoted to full member in 1989.[55] Delisted in 2017.
  Denmark Social Democrats SD Founding member. Withdrew in 2017.
  Dominica Dominica Labour Party DLP Admitted as consultative member in 1996.[41] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[30] Delisted in December 2014.
  Ecuador Democratic Left[155] PID Member since 1987.[155] Delisted in 2017.
  Egypt Egyptian Social Democratic Party ESDP (or HMDI in Arabic) Admitted as consultative member in 2012.[87] Promoted to full member in November 2015.[50] Delisted in 2019 due to non-payment of membership fees.
National Democratic Party[65] NDP Admitted as full member in 1989.[55] Full member since 1992.[65] Expelled in January 2011.[156][157][158]
  El Salvador Democratic Party PD Admitted as observer member in 1996.[41]
  Estonia Social Democratic Party[159][160] SDE Member since 1990.[160] Withdrew in 2017.
  Fiji Fiji Labour Party FLP Admitted as consultative member in 1992.[40] Expelled in 2008, due to the party's participation in a government issued from a military coup.[60]
  France French Section of the Workers' International SFIO Founding member. Member in 1951–1969.
  Georgia Union of Citizens of Georgia CUG Admitted as observer member in 1996.[41] Party disbanded in 2003.
  Germany Social Democratic Party of Germany SPD Founding member. Withdrew in 2017.
  Greenland Siumut Admitted as consultative member in 1986.[54] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[30] Delisted in December 2014.
  Guatemala Social Democratic Convergence[161] CSD Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[36][161]
  Haiti Party of the National Congress of Democratic Movements KONAKOM Admitted as consultative member in 1992.[40] Promoted to full member in 1996.[41]
Struggling People's Organization OPL Admitted (as Lavalas Political Organisation) as observer member in 1996.[41]
Revolutionary Progressive Nationalist Party PANPRA Admitted as consultative member in 1989.[55] Promoted to full member in 1992.[40]
  Hungary Social Democratic Party of Hungary MSZDP Member since 1990. Admitted as observer member in 1992. Promoted to consultative member in 1999.

Promoted to full member in 2003. Delisted in 2020 due to inactivity

  Iceland Social Democratic Party A Member since 1987.[162] Formed Social Democratic Alliance in 2000.
Social Democratic Alliance S Withdrew in 2017.
  Iran League of Iranian Socialists Joined in 1960.[163] It was dissolved in 1980s.
  Israel Israeli Labor Party[84][69] Avoda Until May 2020, it temporarily suspended membership in July 2018 over SI's adoption of BDS policies.[164]
  Italy Democratic Party of the Left PDS Admitted as full member in 1992.[40] Merged with others to form Democrats of the Left in 1998.
Democrats of the Left[165] DS Full member since 1992 as Democratic Party of the Left.[165] Merged with other movements to form the Democratic Party in 2007. Listed as SI member until XXIV Congress in 2012.
Italian Socialist Party PSI Party dissolved in 1994 and succeeded by the Italian Socialists (who formed the Italian Democratic Socialists in 1998 and resumed as the Italian Socialist Party in 2007).
Italian Democratic Socialist Party PSDI Founding member. Party merged into the Italian Democratic Socialists in 1998 (renamed into Italian Socialist Party in 2007).
  Japan Democratic Socialist Party DSP/Minsha-tō Admitted as SI member in 1961.[166] Merged with non-socialist movements to form the New Frontier Party in 1994.
Japan Socialist Party JSP/Shakai-tō Admitted as SI member in 1951.[86] Refounded as the Social Democratic Party in 1996.
  Jordan Jordanian Democratic Party of the Left JDPL Admitted as observer member in 2003.[36]
  Kyrgyzstan Ata Meken Socialist Party[167] Admitted as observer member in 2008.[60]
  Latvia Latvian Social Democratic Workers' Party[168] LSDSP Full member since 1994.[168] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[30]
Delisted in December 2014.
Social Democratic Party "Harmony" SDPS Admitted as consultative member in June/July 2014.[48] Withdrew in 2017.
  North Macedonia Social Democratic Union of Macedonia[169][170][171] SDSM Admitted as observer member in 1996.[41] Promoted to full member in 2003.[36][171] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[30] Delisted in December 2014.
  Madagascar Party for National Unity VITM Admitted as consultative member in 1989.[55]
  Malaysia Democratic Action Party[172][130] DAP Full member since 1987.[130] Delisted in 2017.[172]
  Malta Labour Party[173] PL Full member since 1955.[173] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[30] Delisted in December 2014.
  Mexico Party of the Democratic Revolution[174] PRD Admitted as full member in 1996.[41][174]
  Moldova Social Democratic Party of Moldova PSDM Admitted as observer member in 1996.[41]
  Mongolia Mongolian Social Democratic Party[98] MSDP Admitted as consultative member in 1992.[40][98] Promoted to full member in 1996.[41] Merged with others in 2000 to form the Democratic Party.
  Namibia Congress of Democrats CoD Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[36] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[30] Delisted in December 2014.
  Netherlands Labour Party[175] PvdA Decided to minimise involvement in SI in December 2012.[176] Delisted in December 2014.
  New Zealand New Zealand Labour Party[127] NZLP Member since 1952.[127] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[30] Delisted in December 2014.
 Nicaragua Sandinista National Liberation Front FSLN Expelled in January 2019 because of violation of human rights during the Nicaraguan protests
  Nigeria All Progressives Congress[111] APC Admitted as consultative member in December 2014.[83]
  North Vietnam Vietnamese Socialist Party[177] Consultative member between 1955 and 1969.[177]
  Norway Labour Party[178][179] DNA Member since 1951.[179] Withdrew in 2016.
  Paraguay Party for a Country of Solidarity[180] PPS Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[36] Promoted to full member in 2008.[60]
Revolutionary Febrerista Party[181][182] PRF Admitted as full member in the 1970s.[182]
  Philippines Akbayan Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[36]
  Poland Democratic Left Alliance[183][184] SLD Full member since 1996.[184] Withdrew in 2017.
Labour Union[185] UP Admitted as full member in 1996.[41][185] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[30]
Delisted in December 2014.
Social Democracy of the Republic of Poland SdRP Admitted as full member in 1996.[41] Absorbed into the Democratic Left Alliance in 1999.
  Romania Democratic Party PD Admitted as consultative member in 1996.[41] Promoted to full member in 1999.[35] Merged with the Liberal Democratic Party to form the Democratic Liberal Party.
  Russia A Just Russia — Patriots — For Truth[186][187] SRZP Admitted as observer member in 2008.[60] Promoted to consultative member in 2010. Promoted to full member in 2012.[87][188] Expelled in March 2022 for its support for the Russian invasion of Ukraine.[189]
  Russia Social Democratic Party of Russia SDPR Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[36]
  Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Kitts and Nevis Labour Party SKNLP Admitted as consultative member in 1992.[40] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[30] Delisted in December 2014.
  Saint Lucia Progressive Labour Party Expelled in 1992.[40]
Saint Lucia Labour Party SLP Admitted as consultative member in 1992.[40] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[30] Delisted in December 2014.
  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Saint Vincent Labour Party SVGLP Admitted as consultative member in 1989.[55] Merged with the Movement for National Unity in 1994 to form the Unity Labour Party.
Unity Labour Party ULP Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[30] Delisted in December 2014.
  Serbia Democratic Party[190] DS Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[36] Promoted to full member in 2008.[60]
Social Democratic Party[190] SDP Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[36] Promoted to full member in 2008.[60]
Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[30] Ceased to exist in 2009[190]
  Singapore People's Action Party PAP Resigned in 1976 in response to the Dutch Labour Party's charges of violations of human rights and detention of political prisoners without trial,[191] and DLP and the British Labour Party's charges of media censorship.[192][193]
  Slovakia Party of the Democratic Left SDĽ Admitted as full member in 1996.[41] Merged with Direction – Social Democracy in 2005.
Social Democratic Party of Slovakia SDSS Admitted as full member in 1992.[40] Merged with Direction – Social Democracy in 2005.
  Slovenia Slovenian Democratic Party SDS Admitted (as the Social Democratic Party of Slovenia) as observer member in 1992.[40]
Social Democrats[194] SD Admitted (as United List of Social Democrats) as full member in 1996.[41][194] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[30] Delisted in December 2014.
  Sweden Swedish Social Democratic Party SAP Withdrew in March 2017.[195]
  Switzerland Social Democratic Party of Switzerland[196] SP/PS Withdrew in 2017.
  Tanzania Chama Cha Mapinduzi CCM Admitted as full member in 2013.
  Timor-Leste Revolutionary Front for an Independent East Timor FRETILIN Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[36]
  Tunisia Democratic Constitutional Rally[53] RCD Admitted as full member in 1989.[55] Full member since 1993.[53] Expelled in January 2011.[17]
Popular Unity Movement MUP Admitted as consultative member in 1989.[55]
  Turkey Democratic Left Party DSP Admitted as consultative member in 1986.[54] Expelled in 1992.[40]
Democratic People's Party DEHAP Admitted as observer member in 2003.[36] Merged with the Democratic Society Movement to form the Democratic Society Party which in turn was succeeded by the Peace and Democracy Party.
Social Democracy Party[125] SODEP Full member since 1990.[125] Merged with the Republican People's Party in 1995.[125]
Social Democratic Populist Party SHP Admitted as consultative member in 1986.[54] Promoted to full member in 1989.[55] Merged with the Republican People's Party in 1995.
  Ukraine Socialist Party of Ukraine SPU Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[36] Expelled in July 2011.[197]
  United States Democratic Socialists of America DSA Had been a member of SI since founding in 1982, withdrew in August 2017.[198]
Social Democrats, USA[194] SDUSA Member since 1972.[194] Withdrew in 2005.
  Uruguay Party for the Government of the People PGP Admitted as consultative member in 1992.[40] Merged with the Colorado Party in 1994.
Socialist Party of Uruguay[199] PSUA Admitted as full member in 1999.[35][199] Withdrew in 2017.[200]
  Venezuela For Social Democracy PODEMOS Admitted as consultative member in 2008.[60]
Movement for Socialism MAS Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[36]
  Zambia Patriotic Front PF Admitted as consultative member in 2013.[128]
  Zimbabwe Movement for Democratic Change MDC Admitted as full member in 2008.[60] Delisted in 2017.

Fraternal organisations

Associated organisations

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b "Statutes of the Socialist International". Socialist International.
  2. ^ "Finances of the International". Socialist International.
  3. ^ "About Us". Socialist International.
  4. ^ Nathan Gilbert Quimpo (2020). "The Post-war Rise and Decline of the Left". In Toby Carroll; Shahar Hameiri; Lee Jones (eds.). The Political Economy of Southeast Asia: Politics and Uneven Development Under Hyperglobalisation. Springer Nature. p. 150. ISBN 978-3-03-028255-4.
  5. ^ "Presidium". Socialist International.
  6. ^ Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 176.
  7. ^ Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. xxiv.
  8. ^ Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. xxv.
  9. ^ Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 302.
  10. ^ Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 52.
  11. ^ Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 77.
  12. ^ Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 177.
  13. ^ Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 197.
  14. ^ Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 320.
  15. ^ The Dictionary of Contemporary Politics of South America, Routledge, 1989
  16. ^ Väänänen, Pentti (2012). Purppuraruusu ja samettinyrkki (in Finnish) (1st ed.). Kellastupa. pp. 192–194. ISBN 9789525787115.
  17. ^ a b "SI decision on Tunisia". Socialist International. 17 January 2011.
  18. ^ "Socialist International finally kicks out Mubarak". Foreign Policy. 3 February 2011. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
  19. ^ a b "SI Presidium addresses situation in Côte d'Ivoire". Socialist International. 19 March 2011.
  20. ^ "Statutes". Socialist International. Retrieved 3 May 2019.
  21. ^ Bruderzwist unter Sozialisten - Politik - Süddeutsche.de. Sueddeutsche.de. Retrieved on 15 July 2013.
  22. ^ Progressive Alliance: Sozialdemokraten gründen weltweites Netzwerk - SPIEGEL ONLINE. Spiegel.de (22 May 2013). Retrieved on 15 July 2013.
  23. ^ Sozialdemokratie: „Progressive Alliance“ gegründet - Politik. FAZ. Retrieved on 15 July 2013.
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  25. ^ "SPD will Sozialistischer Internationale den Geldhahn zudrehen und den Mitgliedsbeitrag nicht zahlen – SPIEGEL ONLINE". Der Spiegel. 22 January 2012. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
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  41. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao "XX Congress of the Socialist International, New York - Congress Decisions Regarding Membership". Socialist International.
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  45. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 286.
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  57. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 68.
  58. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 307.
  59. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 25.
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  62. ^ Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 314.
  63. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 325.
  64. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 211.
  65. ^ a b c d Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 245.
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  86. ^ a b c Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 186.
  87. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "XXIV Congress of the Socialist International, Cape Town - Decisions on Membership". Socialist International.
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  89. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 214.
  90. ^ (in French). Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party. Archived from the original on 14 October 2013. Retrieved 14 July 2012.
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  92. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 29.
  93. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 230.
  94. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 229.
  95. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 167.
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References

Further reading

  • The Socialist International by Nikolai Sibilev, 1984.
  • Social Democracy and Southern Africa by Vladimir Shubin (pseudonym of Vladimir Bushin), 1989.
  • Julius Braunthal, "The Rebirth of Social Democracy," Foreign Affairs, vol. 27, no. 4 (July 1949), pp. 586–600. In JSTOR
  • Pentti Vaananen, The Rose and the Fist, SYS Print, 2014, pp. 50–230. ISBN 978-952-93-3706-4

External links

  • Official website  

July 06, 2023
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The Socialist International SI is a political international or worldwide organisation of political parties which seek to establish democratic socialism 1 It consists mostly of social democratic socialist and labour political parties and organisations Socialist InternationalSocialist International logoCountries with party members in the Socialist InternationalAbbreviationSIPredecessorLabour and Socialist InternationalFormation3 June 1951 72 years ago 1951 06 03 TypeInternational non governmental organizationPurpose Strengthen relations between the affiliated parties and to coordinate their political attitudes and activities 1 LocationLondon SW4United KingdomRegion servedWorldwideMembership119 political parties and 13 affiliated organizationsPresidentPedro SanchezSecretary GeneralBenedicta LasiMain organCongress of the Socialist InternationalSecessionsProgressive AllianceBudget 1 4 million 2014 2 Websitesocialistinternational orgAlthough formed in 1951 as a successor to the Labour and Socialist International it has antecedents in the late 19th century The organisation currently includes 132 member parties 3 and organisations from over 100 countries Its members have governed in many countries including most of Europe In 2013 a schism in the SI led to the establishment of the Progressive Alliance 4 The current secretary general of the SI is Benedicta Lasi Ghana and the current president of the SI is the prime minister of Spain Pedro Sanchez 5 both of whom were elected at the last SI Congress held in Madrid Spain in November 2022 Contents 1 History 1 1 First and Second Internationals 1864 1916 1 2 Labour and Socialist International 1919 1940 1 3 Socialist International 1951 present 1 4 Progressive Alliance split 2013 1 5 Relationship with Latin America 2 Logo 3 Presidents honorary presidents and secretaries general 3 1 Presidents 3 2 Honorary presidents 3 3 Secretaries general 4 Summits 5 Members 5 1 Full members 5 2 Consultative parties 5 3 Observer parties 5 4 Former members 6 Fraternal organisations 7 Associated organisations 8 See also 9 Notes 10 References 11 Further reading 12 External linksHistory EditFirst and Second Internationals 1864 1916 Edit The International Workingmen s Association also known as the First International was the first international body to bring together organisations representing the working class 6 It was formed in London on 28 September 1864 by socialist communist and anarchist political groups and trade unions 7 Tensions between moderates and revolutionaries led to its dissolution in 1876 in Philadelphia 8 The Second International was formed in Paris on 14 July 1889 as an association of the socialist parties 9 Differences over World War I led to the Second International being dissolved in 1916 Labour and Socialist International 1919 1940 Edit The International Socialist Commission ISC also known as the Berne International was formed in February 1919 at a meeting in Bern by parties that wanted to resurrect the Second International 10 In March 1919 Communist parties formed the Communist International Comintern the Third International at a meeting in Moscow 11 Some parties did not want to be a part of the resurrected Second International ISC or Comintern They formed the International Working Union of Socialist Parties IWUSP also known as Vienna International Vienna Union or Two and a Half International on 27 February 1921 at a conference in Vienna 12 The ISC and the IWUSP joined to form the Labour and Socialist International LSI in May 1923 at a meeting in Hamburg 13 The rise of Nazism and the start of World War II led to the dissolution of the LSI in 1940 Socialist International 1951 present Edit The Socialist International was formed in Frankfurt in July 1951 as a successor to the LSI 14 During the post World War II period the SI aided social democratic parties in re establishing themselves when dictatorship gave way to democracy in Portugal 1974 and Spain 1975 Until its 1976 Geneva Congress the SI had few members outside Europe and no formal involvement with Latin America 15 In the 1980s most SI parties gave their backing to the Nicaraguan Sandinistas FSLN whose democratically elected left wing government was subject to a campaign to overthrow it backed by the United States which culminated in the Iran Contra affair after the Reagan administration covertly continued US support for the Contras after such support was banned by Congress Willy Brandt with outgoing secretary general Bernt Carlsson left and new secretary general Pentti Vaananen right at the Socialist International Congress in 1983 In the late 1970s and in the 1980s the SI had extensive contacts and discussion with the two leading powers of the Cold War period the United States and the Soviet Union on issues concerning East West relations and arms control The SI supported detente and disarmament agreements such as SALT II START and INF They had several meetings and discussion in Washington D C with President Jimmy Carter and Vice President George Bush and in Moscow with Secretaries General Leonid Brezhnev and Mikhail Gorbachev The SI s delegations to these discussions were led by the Finnish Prime Minister Kalevi Sorsa 16 Since then the SI has admitted as members an increasing number of parties and organisations from Africa Asia Europe and Latin America see below for current list Following the Tunisian Revolution the Constitutional Democratic Rally was expelled from the SI in January 2011 17 later that month the Egyptian National Democratic Party was also expelled 18 and as a result of the 2010 2011 Ivorian crisis the Ivorian Popular Front was expelled in March 2011 19 in accordance with section 7 1 of the statutes of the Socialist International These decisions were approved at the subsequent SI Congress in Cape Town in 2012 in line with section 5 1 3 of the statutes 20 These were long term ruling parties of one party states who were overthrown in the protests of the Arab Spring Progressive Alliance split 2013 Edit On 22 May 2013 the Social Democratic Party of Germany along with some other current and former member parties of the SI founded a rival international network of social democratic parties known as the Progressive Alliance citing the perceived undemocratic and outmoded nature of the SI 21 22 23 24 as well as the Socialist International s admittance and continuing inclusion of undemocratic political movements into the organization 25 26 After the 2012 Congress the SI underwent major changes as many of the large European parties allowed their membership to lapse for example the Social Democratic Party of Germany SPD and the Swedish Social Democratic Labour Party or downgraded their membership to observer status for example the British Labour Party and the Norwegian Labour Party DNA These parties now concentrate their international links on the Progressive Alliance with the SI s focus now increasingly being on the global south Relationship with Latin America Edit For a long time the Socialist International remained distant from Latin America considering the region as a zone of influence of the United States For example it did not denounce the coup d etat against Socialist President Jacobo Arbenz in Guatemala in 1954 or the invasion of the Dominican Republic by the United States in 1965 It was not until the 1973 Chilean coup d etat that a world we did not know was discovered explained Antoine Blanca a diplomat for the French PS According to him solidarity with the Chilean left was the first challenge worthy of the name against Washington of an International which until then had done everything to appear subject to American strategy and NATO Subsequently notably under the leadership of Francois Mitterrand the SI supported the Sandinistas in Nicaragua and other movements in El Salvador Guatemala and Honduras in their struggle against US supported dictatorships 27 In the 1990s it was joined by non socialist parties that took note of the economic power of the European countries governed or to be governed by their partners across the Atlantic and calculated the benefits they could derive from it citation needed During this period the socialist international works in a clientist way some parties come here to rub shoulders with Europeans as if they were in the upper class says Porfirio Munoz Ledo one of the representatives of the Party of the Democratic Revolution Mexico at the SI It is home to the very centrist Argentinean Radical Civic Union UCR the Mexican Institutional Revolutionary Party PRI which was not very democratically in power for seventy years the Colombian Liberal Party under whose governments the left wing formation Patriotic Union 1986 1990 was exterminated introduced the neoliberal model 1990 1994 and to which until 2002 Alvaro Uribe will belong In the following decade many left wing parties that came to power in Brazil Venezuela Bolivia Ecuador and El Salvador preferred to keep their distance from the SI 27 Logo EditThe logo is the fist and rose based on the 1977 design by Jose Maria Cruz Novillo for the Spanish Socialist Workers Party itself a variant of the logo of the French Socialist Party Variants of the emblem are or were used by several SI member parties 28 Presidents honorary presidents and secretaries general EditPresidents Edit As of 2023 update there have been a total of 9 Socialist International presidents Name Portrait Country Presidency start date Presidency end date Time in office1 Morgan Phillips 1902 1963 United Kingdom Labour Party 1951 1957 6 years2 Alsing Andersen 1893 1962 Denmark Social Democratic Party of Denmark 1957 1962 5 years3 Erich Ollenhauer 1901 1963 West Germany Social Democratic Party of Germany 19634 Bruno Pittermann 1905 1983 Austria Social Democratic Party of Austria 1964 1976 12 years5 Willy Brandt 1913 1992 West Germany Social Democratic Party of Germany 1976 1992 16 years6 Pierre Mauroy 1928 2013 France Socialist Party of France 17 September 1992 10 November 1999 7 years 54 days7 Antonio Guterres born 1949 Portugal Socialist Party of Portugal 10 November 1999 15 June 2005 5 years 217 days8 George Papandreou born 1952 Greece PASOK KIDISO 30 January 2006 25 November 2022 16 years 300 days9 Pedro Sanchez born 1972 Spain Spanish Socialist Workers Party 25 November 2022 Incumbent 221 daysHonorary presidents Edit Current and honorary presidents include 29 Mustapha Ben Jafar Tunisia Leonel Brizola Brazil Ruben Berrios Puerto Rico Philippe Busquin Belgium Cuauhtemoc Cardenas Mexico Mohamed El Yazghi Morocco Alan Garcia Peru Anita Gradin Sweden Elazar Granot Israel Tarja Halonen Finland Mahamadou Issoufou Niger Anker Jorgensen Denmark Lionel Jospin France Neil Kinnock United Kingdom Horacio Serpa Colombia Enrique Silva Cimma Chile Mario Soares Portugal Hans Jochen Vogel GermanySecretaries general Edit Julius Braunthal Austria 1951 1956 Bjarne Braatoy Norway 1956 1957 Albert Carthy United Kingdom 1957 1969 Hans Janitschek Austria 1969 1976 Bernt Carlsson Sweden 1976 1983 Pentti Vaananen Finland 1983 1989 Luis Ayala Chile 1989 2022 Benedicta Lasi Ghana 2022 present Summits Edit1951 Ist Frankfurt West Germany 1952 IInd Milan Italy 1953 IIIrd Stockholm Sweden 1955 IVth London United Kingdom 1957 Vth Vienna Austria 1959 VIth Hamburg West Germany 1961 VIIth Rome Italy 1963 VIIIth Amsterdam Netherlands 1964 IXth Brussels Belgium 1966 Xth Stockholm Sweden 1969 XIth Eastbourne United Kingdom 1972 XIIth Vienna Austria 2nd time 1976 XIIIth Geneva Switzerland 1978 XIVth Vancouver Canada 1980 XVth Madrid Spain 1983 XVIth Albufeira Portugal 1986 XVIIth Lima Peru 1989 XVIIIth Stockholm Sweden 2nd time 1992 XIXth Berlin Germany 1996 XXth New York City United States 1999 XXIst Paris France 2003 XXIInd Sao Paulo Brazil 2008 XXIIIrd Athens Greece 2012 XXIVth Cape Town South Africa 2017 XXVth Cartagena Colombia 2022 XXVIth Madrid Spain 2nd time Members EditFull members Edit There are 92 full members 30 31 Country Name Abbr Government Notes Albania Socialist Party of Albania 32 33 34 PS in government Admitted as consultative member in 1999 35 34 Promoted to full member in 2003 36 Algeria Socialist Forces Front 37 38 39 FFS in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1992 40 Promoted to full member in 1996 41 39 Andorra Social Democratic Party 42 43 PS in opposition Promoted to full member in 2003 36 43 Angola Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola 44 MPLA in government Admitted as observer member in 1996 41 Promoted to full member in 2003 36 44 Argentina Radical Civic Union 45 UCR in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1996 41 Promoted to full member in 1999 35 45 Armenia Armenian Revolutionary Federation 46 47 ARF in opposition Admitted as Armenian Socialist Party as observer member in 1996 41 47 Promoted as ASP to consultative member in 1999 35 Promoted as ASP to full member in 2003 36 Azerbaijan Azerbaijani Social Democratic Party ASDP in opposition Admitted as observer member in 1996 41 Promoted to consultative member in 2003 36 Readmitted as consultative member in June July 2014 48 Admitted as full member in 2016 49 Belarus Belarusian Social Democratic Party BSDP in opposition Admitted as observer member in 1999 35 Promoted to consultative member in 2003 36 Promoted to full member in November 2015 50 Belgium Socialist Party 51 PS junior party in coalition Bolivia National Unity Front UN extra parliamentary Promoted to full member in March 2017 Bosnia and Herzegovina Social Democratic Party of Bosnia and Herzegovina 52 43 SDP BiH in government Admitted as observer member in 1996 41 Promoted to full member in 1999 35 43 Brazil Democratic Labour Party 53 PDT in government Admitted as consultative member in 1986 54 53 Promoted to full member in 1989 53 55 Bulgaria Party of Bulgarian Social Democrats 56 PBSD in oppositionBulgarian Socialist Party 57 BSP in government Admitted as full member in 2003 36 57 Burkina Faso People s Movement for Progress MPP in government Admitted as full member in 2016 49 Cameroon Social Democratic Front 58 SDF in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1996 41 Promoted to full member in 1999 35 58 Cape Verde African Party for the Independence of Cape Verde 59 PAICV in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1992 40 Promoted to full member in 1996 41 59 Central African Republic Movement for the Liberation of the Central African People MLPC in opposition Admitted as observer member in 2008 60 Upgraded to full member in 2018 Chad National Union for Democracy and Renewal UNDR in opposition Admitted as observer member in June July 2014 48 Upgraded to full member in 2017 Chile Party for Democracy 61 PPD in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1992 40 Promoted to full member in 1996 41 61 Radical Party of Chile 62 PRSD in oppositionSocialist Party of Chile 63 PS in government Admitted as consultative member in 1992 40 Promoted to full member in 1996 41 63 Colombia Colombian Liberal Party 64 PLC junior party in coalition Admitted as consultative member in 1992 40 Promoted to full member in 1999 35 64 Costa Rica National Liberation Party 65 PLN in opposition Full member since 1987 65 Croatia Social Democratic Party of Croatia 66 67 SDP in opposition Admitted as full member in 1999 35 67 Cyprus Movement for Social Democracy 68 69 EDEK in opposition Full member since 1987 69 Promoted to full member in 1992 40 Cyprus North Republican Turkish Party CTP in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 2008 pending consultation 60 Promoted to full member in June July 2014 48 Communal Democracy Party TDP in opposition Admitted as consultative member in November 2015 50 Promoted to full member in March 2017 Czech Republic Social Democracy 70 71 SOCDEM in opposition Democratic Republic of the Congo Union for Democracy and Social Progress UDPS in government Admitted as observer member in 2003 36 Dominican Republic Dominican Revolutionary Party 72 PRD in opposition Full member since 1987 72 Equatorial Guinea Convergence for Social Democracy 73 CPDS in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1996 41 Promoted to full member in 1999 35 73 Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland SDP senior party in coalition France Socialist Party 74 PS in opposition Ghana National Democratic Congress NDC in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 2003 36 Promoted to full member in 2008 60 Greece PASOK Movement for Change PASOK KINAL in opposition Full member since 1990 75 Guatemala National Unity of Hope UNE in opposition Admitted as full member in 2008 60 Guinea Rally of the Guinean People 76 77 RPG in government Admitted as Guinean People s Assembly as consultative member in 1999 35 Promoted as GPA to full member in 2003 36 77 Haiti Fusion of Haitian Social Democrats 78 PFSDH in opposition Full member since 1989 78 Social Democratic Assembly for the Progress of Haiti RSD RSD in opposition Admitted as full members in 2018 79 Hungary Hungarian Socialist Party 80 81 MSzP in opposition Admitted as observer member in 1992 40 81 Promoted to full member in 1996 41 India Indian National Congress INC in opposition Originally joined in 1993 82 Readmitted as full member December 2014 83 Iran Kurdistan Democratic Party KDP Admitted as a full member in November 2015 50 Iraq Patriotic Union of Kurdistan PUK junior party in coalition Admitted as observer member in 2003 36 Promoted to full member in 2008 60 Israel Meretz 84 69 מרצ extra parliamentary Italy Italian Socialist Party PSI extra parliamentary Jamaica People s National Party 85 PNP in opposition Full member since 1952 85 Temporarily demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non payment of membership fees 30 Japan Social Democratic Party 86 SDP in opposition Full member since 1951 as the Japan Socialist Party 86 Kazakhstan Nationwide Social Democratic Party OSDP Admitted as consultative member in 2012 87 Promoted to full member in November 2015 50 Kyrgyzstan Social Democratic Party of Kyrgyzstan SDPK in government Promoted to full member in June 2018 Lebanon Progressive Socialist Party 88 PSP in opposition Full member since 1980 88 Lithuania Social Democratic Party of Lithuania 89 LSDP in opposition Full member since the 1990s 89 Luxembourg Luxembourg Socialist Workers Party 90 91 LSAP POSL junior party in coalition Full member since 1951 91 Mali Alliance for Democracy in Mali 92 ADEMA PASJ Admitted as consultative member in 1996 41 Promoted to full member in 1999 35 92 Promoted to full member in 2008 60 Rally for Mali RPM Admitted as consultative member in 2003 36 Mauritania Rally of Democratic Forces RFD in opposition Admitted as observer member in 2003 36 Promoted to full member in 2008 60 Mauritius Labour Party 93 PT in opposition Full member since 1969 93 Mauritian Militant Movement 94 MMM in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1996 41 Promoted to full member in 2003 36 94 Part of the Alliance of the Heart Mexico Institutional Revolutionary Party 95 PRI in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1996 41 Promoted to full member in 2003 36 95 Moldova Democratic Party of Moldova 96 PDM in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 2008 60 Promoted to full member in 2012 87 Part of Alliance for European Integration Mongolia Mongolian People s Party 97 98 MPP in government Admitted as Mongolian People s Revolutionary Party as observer member in 1999 35 98 Promoted as Mongolian People s Revolutionary Party to full member in 2003 36 98 Montenegro Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro 99 DPS in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 2003 36 Promoted to full member in 2008 60 Social Democratic Party of Montenegro 99 100 101 SDP in opposition Admitted as observer member in 1996 41 Promoted to consultative member in 1999 35 Promoted to full member in 2003 36 101 Morocco Socialist Union of Popular Forces 102 103 104 USFP in opposition Promoted to full member in 1992 40 Mozambique Frelimo Party 105 FRELIMO in government Admitted as consultative member in 1996 41 Promoted to full member in 1999 35 Namibia South West Africa People s Organisation SWAPO in government Promoted to full member in 2008 60 Nepal Nepali Congress 106 107 NC in government Admitted as consultative member in 1989 55 Promoted to full member in 1999 35 107 Niger Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism 108 PNDS in government Admitted as consultative member in 1996 41 Promoted to full member in 2003 36 108 Pakistan Pakistan Peoples Party 108 PPP in government Admitted as consultative member in 1989 55 Promoted to full member in 2003 36 109 Palestine Fatah 110 111 in government Admitted as observer member in 1996 41 Promoted to consultative member in 1999 35 Promoted to full member in 2012 87 Panama Democratic Revolutionary Party 112 PRD in government Admitted as consultative member in 1986 54 112 Admitted as consultative member in 1996 41 Promoted to full member in 2003 36 Paraguay Progressive Democratic Party PDP in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 2008 60 Promoted to full member in November 2015 50 Peru American Popular Revolutionary Alliance 113 APRA in opposition Promoted to full member in 1999 35 Philippines Philippine Democratic Socialist Party PDSP in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1992 40 Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non payment of membership fees 30 Delisted in December 2014 Reinstated in 2019 Portugal Socialist Party 114 PS in government Puerto Rico Puerto Rican Independence Party 115 PIP in opposition Consultative member in 1987 full member in 1994 115 Promoted to full member in 1992 40 Romania Social Democratic Party 116 117 PSD in government Admitted as consultative member in 1996 41 Promoted to full member in 1999 35 PSDR admitted as consultative member in 1992 full member in 2001 117 Admitted as full member in 2003 36 Both parties merged into PSD in 2001 San Marino Party of Socialists and Democrats 108 PSD junior partner in coalition Consultative member in 1961 full member in 1980 108 Senegal Socialist Party of Senegal 118 119 PS Full member since the 1970s 119 Boycotted last election Slovakia Direction Slovak Social Democracy 120 SMER SD in opposition Full member 120 South Africa African National Congress 121 ANC in government Admitted as full member in 1999 35 121 Spain Spanish Socialist Workers Party 122 PSOE in government Full member since 1951 122 Tunisia Democratic Forum for Labour and Liberties FDTL junior party in coalition Admitted as consultative member in 2003 36 Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non payment of membership fees 30 Promoted to full member in 2012 87 Turkey Republican People s Party 123 124 125 CHP in opposition Took Social Democratic Populist Party s place in 1995 125 Uruguay New Space 126 127 PNE in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1999 35 Promoted to full member in 2003 36 127 Venezuela A New Era UNT in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 2013 128 Promoted to full member in November 2015 50 Democratic Action 129 130 AD in opposition Observer member in 1966 consultative member in 1981 full member mid 1980s 130 Popular Will VP in opposition Admitted as full member in December 2014 83 Yemen Yemeni Socialist Party YSP in opposition Admitted as observer member in 2003 36 Promoted to consultative member in 2008 60 Promoted to full member in 2012 87 Consultative parties Edit There are 19 consultative parties 30 31 Country Name Abbr Government Notes Botswana Botswana Democratic Party BDP in government Admitted as consultative member in June July 2014 48 Democratic Republic of the Congo Unified Lumumbist Party PALU in opposition Admitted as observer member in December 2014 83 Upgraded to consultative in 2019 Djibouti Movement for Democratic Renewal and Development MRD in opposition Admitted as consultative members in 2019 Eswatini People s United Democratic Movement PUDEMO Admitted as consultative member in 2013 128 Political parties are banned in Eswatini Gabon Gabonese Progress Party PGP Admitted as consultative member in 1996 41 Gambia United Democratic Party UDP Admitted as consultative member in 2012 87 Boycotted last election Georgia Social Democrats for the Development of Georgia SDD Admitted as consultative member in 2013 128 Ghana Convention People s Party CPP Admitted as consultative member in 2018 Guinea Bissau African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde PAIGC in government Admitted as consultative member in 2008 60 Iran Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan PDKI Admitted as observer member in 1996 41 Promoted to consultative member in 2008 60 Komala Party of Iranian Kurdistan KPIK Admitted as observer member in 2014 131 Promoted to consultative member in 2018 132 Palestine Palestinian National Initiative 111 PNI in opposition Admitted as observer member in 2008 60 Promoted to consultative member in 2012 87 Palestine Popular Struggle Front PPSF Admitted as consultative member in 2018 Sahrawi Republic Polisario Front POLISARIO in government Admitted as observer member in 2008 60 Promoted to consultative member in 2017 133 134 Sao Tome and Principe Movement for the Liberation of Sao Tome and Principe Social Democratic Party MLSTP PSD in government Admitted as consultative member in 2013 128 Syria Democratic Union Party PYD Admitted as consultative member in November 2015 50 Togo Democratic Convention of African Peoples CDPA Admitted as consultative member in 1999 35 Turkey Peoples Democratic Party HDP in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 2015 Ukraine Social Democratic Party of Ukraine 135 SDPU Admitted as consultative member in 2003 36 Observer parties Edit There are eight observer parties 30 31 Country Name Abbr Government Notes Eswatini Swazi Democratic Party SWADEPA in opposition Admitted as observer member in June July 2014 48 Iran Komala Party of Kurdistan KPK Admitted as observer member in December 2014 83 Ireland Labour Party 136 137 in opposition Kenya Labour Party of Kenya Admitted as observer member in 2012 87 Kosovo Vetevendosje VV in government Admitted as observer member in 2018 Lesotho Lesotho Congress for Democracy LCD in opposition Admitted as observer member in June July 2014 48 Serbia Social Democratic Party of Serbia SDPS junior party in coalition government Admitted as observer member in 2018 Somaliland Justice and Welfare Party JWP Admitted as observer member in 2013 138 United Kingdom Labour Party 139 in opposition Member since 1951 139 Welsh Labour is in government in Wales and London Labour holds the London Mayoralty The party asked to be downgraded to observer status in February 2013 in view of ethical concerns and to develop international co operation through new networks 140 The request was accepted later that year United Kingdom Northern Ireland Social Democratic and Labour Party 141 142 SDLP in opposition Admitted as a full member in 1974 142 Former members Edit Country Name Abbr Notes Albania Social Democratic Party of Albania 143 PSD Admitted as consultative member in 1992 40 Promoted to full member in 1996 41 143 Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non payment of membership fees 30 Delisted in December 2014 Algeria National Liberation Front FLN Expelled following the 2019 Algerian protests Andorra New Democracy ND Admitted as consultative member in 1999 35 Antigua and Barbuda Antigua and Barbuda Labour Party ALP Admitted as consultative member in 2008 60 Argentina Popular Socialist Party PSP Admitted as full member in 1992 40 Merged with the Democratic Socialist Party to form the Socialist Party Socialist Party 144 145 PS Full member since 1951 145 Aruba People s Electoral Movement 44 MEP Promoted to full member in 1992 40 Full member since 1994 44 Delisted in December 2014 Australia Australian Labor Party 146 ALP Admitted as full member in 1966 146 Delisted in December 2014 Austria Social Democratic Party of Austria SPO Admitted as a full member in 1951 147 Delisted in 2022 Barbados Barbados Labour Party 148 BLP Admitted as full member in 1987 148 Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non payment of membership fees 30 Delisted in December 2014 Belgium Belgian Socialist Party PSB BSP Founder member Split in 1978 Forward Delisted in 2017 Benin Democratic Union of Progressive Forces UDFP Admitted as observer member in 1992 40 Social Democratic Party 149 PSD Admitted as consultative member in 1999 35 149 Promoted to full member in 2003 36 149 Bosnia and Herzegovina Alliance of Independent Social Democrats SNSD Admitted as consultative member in 2003 36 Promoted to full member in 2008 60 Expelled in August 2012 87 Botswana Botswana National Front BNF Admitted as observer member in 1996 41 Bolivia Revolutionary Left Movement 150 MIR Admitted as consultative member in 1986 54 Consultative member in 1987 150 Promoted to full member in 1992 40 150 Bulgaria Bulgarian Euro Left BEL 151 Admitted as observer member in 1999 35 Burkina Faso Party for Democracy and Progress Socialist Party 61 PDP PS Admitted as full member circa 1995 61 Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non payment of membership fees 30 Delisted in December 2014 Burundi Front for Democracy in Burundi FRODEBU Admitted as consultative member in 2003 36 Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non payment of membership fees 30 Delisted in December 2014 Canada Co operative Commonwealth Federation CCF Became the New Democratic Party in 1961 Canada New Democratic Party 152 NDP NPD Delisted in 2018 153 failed verification Central African Republic Movement for Democracy and Social Progress MDPS Admitted as observer member in 1992 40 Ivory Coast Ivorian Popular Front 154 FPI Admitted as consultative member in 1992 40 Promoted to full member in 1996 41 154 Expelled in March 2011 19 Colombia Alternative Democratic Pole PDA Former observer member Delisted in December 2014 M 19 Democratic Alliance AD M 19 Admitted as observer member in 1992 40 Curacao Partido MAN MAN Promoted to full member in 1989 55 Delisted in 2017 Denmark Social Democrats SD Founding member Withdrew in 2017 Dominica Dominica Labour Party DLP Admitted as consultative member in 1996 41 Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non payment of membership fees 30 Delisted in December 2014 Ecuador Democratic Left 155 PID Member since 1987 155 Delisted in 2017 Egypt Egyptian Social Democratic Party ESDP or HMDI in Arabic Admitted as consultative member in 2012 87 Promoted to full member in November 2015 50 Delisted in 2019 due to non payment of membership fees National Democratic Party 65 NDP Admitted as full member in 1989 55 Full member since 1992 65 Expelled in January 2011 156 157 158 El Salvador Democratic Party PD Admitted as observer member in 1996 41 Estonia Social Democratic Party 159 160 SDE Member since 1990 160 Withdrew in 2017 Fiji Fiji Labour Party FLP Admitted as consultative member in 1992 40 Expelled in 2008 due to the party s participation in a government issued from a military coup 60 France French Section of the Workers International SFIO Founding member Member in 1951 1969 Georgia Union of Citizens of Georgia CUG Admitted as observer member in 1996 41 Party disbanded in 2003 Germany Social Democratic Party of Germany SPD Founding member Withdrew in 2017 Greenland Siumut Admitted as consultative member in 1986 54 Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non payment of membership fees 30 Delisted in December 2014 Guatemala Social Democratic Convergence 161 CSD Admitted as consultative member in 2003 36 161 Haiti Party of the National Congress of Democratic Movements KONAKOM Admitted as consultative member in 1992 40 Promoted to full member in 1996 41 Struggling People s Organization OPL Admitted as Lavalas Political Organisation as observer member in 1996 41 Revolutionary Progressive Nationalist Party PANPRA Admitted as consultative member in 1989 55 Promoted to full member in 1992 40 Hungary Social Democratic Party of Hungary MSZDP Member since 1990 Admitted as observer member in 1992 Promoted to consultative member in 1999 Promoted to full member in 2003 Delisted in 2020 due to inactivity Iceland Social Democratic Party A Member since 1987 162 Formed Social Democratic Alliance in 2000 Social Democratic Alliance S Withdrew in 2017 Iran League of Iranian Socialists Joined in 1960 163 It was dissolved in 1980s Israel Israeli Labor Party 84 69 Avoda Until May 2020 it temporarily suspended membership in July 2018 over SI s adoption of BDS policies 164 Italy Democratic Party of the Left PDS Admitted as full member in 1992 40 Merged with others to form Democrats of the Left in 1998 Democrats of the Left 165 DS Full member since 1992 as Democratic Party of the Left 165 Merged with other movements to form the Democratic Party in 2007 Listed as SI member until XXIV Congress in 2012 Italian Socialist Party PSI Party dissolved in 1994 and succeeded by the Italian Socialists who formed the Italian Democratic Socialists in 1998 and resumed as the Italian Socialist Party in 2007 Italian Democratic Socialist Party PSDI Founding member Party merged into the Italian Democratic Socialists in 1998 renamed into Italian Socialist Party in 2007 Japan Democratic Socialist Party DSP Minsha tō Admitted as SI member in 1961 166 Merged with non socialist movements to form the New Frontier Party in 1994 Japan Socialist Party JSP Shakai tō Admitted as SI member in 1951 86 Refounded as the Social Democratic Party in 1996 Jordan Jordanian Democratic Party of the Left JDPL Admitted as observer member in 2003 36 Kyrgyzstan Ata Meken Socialist Party 167 Admitted as observer member in 2008 60 Latvia Latvian Social Democratic Workers Party 168 LSDSP Full member since 1994 168 Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non payment of membership fees 30 Delisted in December 2014 Social Democratic Party Harmony SDPS Admitted as consultative member in June July 2014 48 Withdrew in 2017 North Macedonia Social Democratic Union of Macedonia 169 170 171 SDSM Admitted as observer member in 1996 41 Promoted to full member in 2003 36 171 Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non payment of membership fees 30 Delisted in December 2014 Madagascar Party for National Unity VITM Admitted as consultative member in 1989 55 Malaysia Democratic Action Party 172 130 DAP Full member since 1987 130 Delisted in 2017 172 Malta Labour Party 173 PL Full member since 1955 173 Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non payment of membership fees 30 Delisted in December 2014 Mexico Party of the Democratic Revolution 174 PRD Admitted as full member in 1996 41 174 Moldova Social Democratic Party of Moldova PSDM Admitted as observer member in 1996 41 Mongolia Mongolian Social Democratic Party 98 MSDP Admitted as consultative member in 1992 40 98 Promoted to full member in 1996 41 Merged with others in 2000 to form the Democratic Party Namibia Congress of Democrats CoD Admitted as consultative member in 2003 36 Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non payment of membership fees 30 Delisted in December 2014 Netherlands Labour Party 175 PvdA Decided to minimise involvement in SI in December 2012 176 Delisted in December 2014 New Zealand New Zealand Labour Party 127 NZLP Member since 1952 127 Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non payment of membership fees 30 Delisted in December 2014 Nicaragua Sandinista National Liberation Front FSLN Expelled in January 2019 because of violation of human rights during the Nicaraguan protests Nigeria All Progressives Congress 111 APC Admitted as consultative member in December 2014 83 North Vietnam Vietnamese Socialist Party 177 Consultative member between 1955 and 1969 177 Norway Labour Party 178 179 DNA Member since 1951 179 Withdrew in 2016 Paraguay Party for a Country of Solidarity 180 PPS Admitted as consultative member in 2003 36 Promoted to full member in 2008 60 Revolutionary Febrerista Party 181 182 PRF Admitted as full member in the 1970s 182 Philippines Akbayan Admitted as consultative member in 2003 36 Poland Democratic Left Alliance 183 184 SLD Full member since 1996 184 Withdrew in 2017 Labour Union 185 UP Admitted as full member in 1996 41 185 Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non payment of membership fees 30 Delisted in December 2014 Social Democracy of the Republic of Poland SdRP Admitted as full member in 1996 41 Absorbed into the Democratic Left Alliance in 1999 Romania Democratic Party PD Admitted as consultative member in 1996 41 Promoted to full member in 1999 35 Merged with the Liberal Democratic Party to form the Democratic Liberal Party Russia A Just Russia Patriots For Truth 186 187 SRZP Admitted as observer member in 2008 60 Promoted to consultative member in 2010 Promoted to full member in 2012 87 188 Expelled in March 2022 for its support for the Russian invasion of Ukraine 189 Russia Social Democratic Party of Russia SDPR Admitted as consultative member in 2003 36 Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Kitts and Nevis Labour Party SKNLP Admitted as consultative member in 1992 40 Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non payment of membership fees 30 Delisted in December 2014 Saint Lucia Progressive Labour Party Expelled in 1992 40 Saint Lucia Labour Party SLP Admitted as consultative member in 1992 40 Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non payment of membership fees 30 Delisted in December 2014 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Saint Vincent Labour Party SVGLP Admitted as consultative member in 1989 55 Merged with the Movement for National Unity in 1994 to form the Unity Labour Party Unity Labour Party ULP Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non payment of membership fees 30 Delisted in December 2014 Serbia Democratic Party 190 DS Admitted as consultative member in 2003 36 Promoted to full member in 2008 60 Social Democratic Party 190 SDP Admitted as consultative member in 2003 36 Promoted to full member in 2008 60 Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non payment of membership fees 30 Ceased to exist in 2009 190 Singapore People s Action Party PAP Resigned in 1976 in response to the Dutch Labour Party s charges of violations of human rights and detention of political prisoners without trial 191 and DLP and the British Labour Party s charges of media censorship 192 193 Slovakia Party of the Democratic Left SDĽ Admitted as full member in 1996 41 Merged with Direction Social Democracy in 2005 Social Democratic Party of Slovakia SDSS Admitted as full member in 1992 40 Merged with Direction Social Democracy in 2005 Slovenia Slovenian Democratic Party SDS Admitted as the Social Democratic Party of Slovenia as observer member in 1992 40 Social Democrats 194 SD Admitted as United List of Social Democrats as full member in 1996 41 194 Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non payment of membership fees 30 Delisted in December 2014 Sweden Swedish Social Democratic Party SAP Withdrew in March 2017 195 Switzerland Social Democratic Party of Switzerland 196 SP PS Withdrew in 2017 Tanzania Chama Cha Mapinduzi CCM Admitted as full member in 2013 Timor Leste Revolutionary Front for an Independent East Timor FRETILIN Admitted as consultative member in 2003 36 Tunisia Democratic Constitutional Rally 53 RCD Admitted as full member in 1989 55 Full member since 1993 53 Expelled in January 2011 17 Popular Unity Movement MUP Admitted as consultative member in 1989 55 Turkey Democratic Left Party DSP Admitted as consultative member in 1986 54 Expelled in 1992 40 Democratic People s Party DEHAP Admitted as observer member in 2003 36 Merged with the Democratic Society Movement to form the Democratic Society Party which in turn was succeeded by the Peace and Democracy Party Social Democracy Party 125 SODEP Full member since 1990 125 Merged with the Republican People s Party in 1995 125 Social Democratic Populist Party SHP Admitted as consultative member in 1986 54 Promoted to full member in 1989 55 Merged with the Republican People s Party in 1995 Ukraine Socialist Party of Ukraine SPU Admitted as consultative member in 2003 36 Expelled in July 2011 197 United States Democratic Socialists of America DSA Had been a member of SI since founding in 1982 withdrew in August 2017 198 Social Democrats USA 194 SDUSA Member since 1972 194 Withdrew in 2005 Uruguay Party for the Government of the People PGP Admitted as consultative member in 1992 40 Merged with the Colorado Party in 1994 Socialist Party of Uruguay 199 PSUA Admitted as full member in 1999 35 199 Withdrew in 2017 200 Venezuela For Social Democracy PODEMOS Admitted as consultative member in 2008 60 Movement for Socialism MAS Admitted as consultative member in 2003 36 Zambia Patriotic Front PF Admitted as consultative member in 2013 128 Zimbabwe Movement for Democratic Change MDC Admitted as full member in 2008 60 Delisted in 2017 Fraternal organisations EditInternational Falcon Movement Socialist Educational International 201 Socialist International Women 202 Associated organisations EditArab Social Democratic Forum ASDF Euro Latin American Forum of Progressive and Socialist Parliamentarians International Federation of the Socialist and Democratic Press 201 International Jewish Labor Bund 203 International Labour Sports Confederation 203 International League of Religious Socialists 204 41 205 International Social Democratic Union for Education 204 World Labour Zionist Movement WLZM National Democratic Institute 206 Party of European Socialists 108 Social Democratic Group of the Latin American ParliamentSee also Edit Socialism portalFrench Section of the Workers International ReformismNotes Edit a b Statutes of the Socialist International Socialist International Finances of the International Socialist International About Us Socialist International Nathan Gilbert Quimpo 2020 The Post war Rise and Decline of the Left In Toby Carroll Shahar Hameiri Lee Jones eds The Political Economy of Southeast Asia Politics and Uneven Development Under Hyperglobalisation Springer Nature p 150 ISBN 978 3 03 028255 4 Presidium Socialist International Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 176 Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p xxiv Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p xxv Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 302 Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 52 Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 77 Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 177 Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 197 Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 320 The Dictionary of Contemporary Politics of South America Routledge 1989 Vaananen Pentti 2012 Purppuraruusu ja samettinyrkki in Finnish 1st ed Kellastupa pp 192 194 ISBN 9789525787115 a b SI decision on Tunisia Socialist International 17 January 2011 Socialist International finally kicks out Mubarak Foreign Policy 3 February 2011 Retrieved 31 December 2022 a b SI Presidium addresses situation in Cote d Ivoire Socialist International 19 March 2011 Statutes Socialist International Retrieved 3 May 2019 Bruderzwist unter Sozialisten Politik Suddeutsche de Sueddeutsche de Retrieved on 15 July 2013 Progressive Alliance Sozialdemokraten grunden weltweites Netzwerk SPIEGEL ONLINE Spiegel de 22 May 2013 Retrieved on 15 July 2013 Sozialdemokratie Progressive Alliance gegrundet Politik FAZ Retrieved on 15 July 2013 in German Sozialistische Internationale hat ausgedient SPD grundet Progressive Alliance n tv de Retrieved on 15 July 2013 SPD will Sozialistischer Internationale den Geldhahn zudrehen und den Mitgliedsbeitrag nicht zahlen SPIEGEL ONLINE Der Spiegel 22 January 2012 Retrieved 23 May 2013 Sigmar Gabriel 3 February 2011 Gastbeitrag Keine Kumpanei mit Despoten Meinung Frankfurter Rundschau in German Fr online de Archived from the original on 24 September 2015 Retrieved 23 May 2013 a b Les enfants caches du General Pinochet Precis de Coups d Etat Modernes et autres tentatives de destabilisation Editions Don Quichotte 2015 pp 613 614 Cruz Novillo JR Seria bueno que el PSOE entendiera el valor de preservar el patrimonio de su logo Graffica in Spanish 7 September 2022 Retrieved 19 September 2022 Honorary Presidents of the Socialist International Socialist International a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Member Parties Socialist International a b c Social Democratic Parties Broad Left 1 June 2005 Archived from the original on 30 May 2013 Retrieved 14 July 2012 Key Political Parties in Albania Balkan Insight 27 September 2010 Albania European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity Archived from the original on 5 August 2012 Retrieved 14 July 2012 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 323 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z XXI Congress of the Socialist International Paris Decisions of the Congress Regarding Membership Socialist International a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap XXII Congress of the Socialist International Sao Paulo Decisions of the Congress Regarding Membership Socialist International FFS Socialist Forces Front European Institute for Research on Euro Arab Co operation Archived from the original on 10 May 2012 Retrieved 14 July 2012 Algeria European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity Archived from the original on 24 January 2014 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 319 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad XIX Congress of the Socialist International Berlin Decisions on Membership of the Socialist International Socialist International a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao XX Congress of the Socialist International New York Congress Decisions Regarding Membership Socialist International Benvinguts in Catalan Social Democratic Party Andorra Archived from the original on 24 September 2015 Retrieved 14 July 2012 a b c d Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 311 a b c d Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 270 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 286 In the Socialist International Armenian Revolutionary Federation 22 December 2009 Archived from the original on 29 August 2018 Retrieved 14 July 2012 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 37 a b c d e f g SI Council Meeting in Mexico City Socialist International a b SI Member Parties in Government www socialistinternational org Socialist International 18 March 2019 Retrieved 9 June 2019 a b c d e f g h Meeting of the SI Council in Luanda Angola 27 28 November 2015 Socialist International L Action Internationale in French Socialist Party Belgium Archived from the original on 7 November 2017 Retrieved 14 July 2012 Bosnia Herzegovina European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity Archived from the original on 9 September 2015 a b c d e Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 101 a b c d e f XVII Congress of the Socialist International Lima Decisions on Membership of the Socialist International Socialist International a b c d e f g h i j k XVIII Congress of the Socialist International Stockholm Decisions on Membership of the Socialist International Socialist International Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 67 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 68 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 307 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 25 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z XXIII Congress of the Socialist International Athens Decisions of the Congress Regarding Membership Socialist International a b c d Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 265 Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 314 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 325 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 211 a b c d Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 245 Croatia European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity Archived from the original on 15 June 2012 Retrieved 14 July 2012 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 312 Movement for Social Democracy Movement for Social Democracy a b c d Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 308 Our Party Czech Social Democratic Party Archived from the original on 13 August 2012 Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 95 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 108 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 87 L internationale socialiste in French Socialist Party France Archived from the original on 8 June 2012 Retrieved 14 July 2012 Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 262 Attack on President Conde an assault on democracy Socialist International 19 July 2011 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 148 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 351 Meeting of the SI Council at the United Nations in Geneva Socialist International Retrieved 3 May 2019 A Magyar Szocialista Part in Hungarian Hungarian Socialist Party Archived from the original on 30 June 2012 Retrieved 14 July 2012 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 158 Gabriel Sheffer 1993 Innovative Leaders in International Politics SUNY Press p 202 ISBN 978 0 7914 1520 7 Retrieved 30 January 2013 a b c d e Meeting of the SI Council at the United Nations in Geneva Socialist International a b Israel European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity Archived from the original on 15 January 2015 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 271 a b c Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 186 a b c d e f g h i j k XXIV Congress of the Socialist International Cape Town Decisions on Membership Socialist International a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 283 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 214 LSAP aujourd hui in French Luxembourg Socialist Workers Party Archived from the original on 14 October 2013 Retrieved 14 July 2012 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 217 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 29 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 230 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 229 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 167 Moldova European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity Archived from the original on 5 April 2015 Party History Mongolian People s Party Archived from the original on 8 September 2018 Retrieved 14 July 2012 a b c d e Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 238 a b Montenegro European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity Archived from the original on 18 April 2005 Socijalisticka internacionala in Montenegrin Social Democratic Party of Montenegro Archived from the original on 21 February 2014 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 313 Relations internationales in French Socialist Union of Popular Forces Archived from the original on 15 November 2012 Retrieved 14 July 2012 Morocco European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity Archived from the original on 10 September 2014 Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 328 Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 132 Introduction Nepali Congress a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 250 a b c d e f Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 267 Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 261 Fatah becomes member of Socialist International Ma an News Agency 2 July 2011 Archived from the original on 8 January 2015 Retrieved 14 July 2012 a b c Palestinian Territories European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity Archived from the original on 3 June 2009 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 290 Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 273 Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 280 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 285 Afiliere internationala in Romanian Social Democratic Party Romania Archived from the original on 16 April 2013 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 293 Le Parti en bref in French Socialist Party of Senegal Archived from the original on 24 April 2012 Retrieved 14 July 2012 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 326 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 107 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 24 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 336 European Union Representation Republican People s Party Turkey European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity Archived from the original on 28 July 2012 Retrieved 14 July 2012 a b c d e Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 289 Nuevo Espacio in Spanish New Space Uruguay Archived from the original on 29 July 2013 Retrieved 14 July 2012 a b c d Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 253 a b c d e Decisions of the Council PDF socialistinternational org Archived from the original PDF on 7 September 2018 Retrieved 2 March 2020 Propuestas in Spanish Democratic Action Archived from the original on 22 June 2012 Retrieved 14 July 2012 a b c d Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 100 Decisions on membership taken during the inter congress period ratified by the XXV Congress Socialist International Retrieved 9 May 2022 Geneva 2018 Socialist International Retrieved 9 May 2022 Polisario Front becomes consultative member of Socialist International association Sahara Press Service 4 March 2017 MEMBER PARTIES of the SOCIALIST INTERNATIONAL Consultative parties Socialist International Ukraine European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity Archived from the original on 5 August 2012 Retrieved 14 July 2012 International Solidarity Labour Party Ireland 5 May 2004 Archived from the original on 13 July 2019 Retrieved 14 July 2012 Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 180 Istanbul 2013 Socialist International Retrieved 9 May 2022 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 63 Black Ann 6 February 2013 Report from Labour s January executive Left Futures Retrieved on 15 July 2013 Our History Social Democratic and Labour Party Archived from the original on 20 November 2009 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 305 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 27 Historia del Partido Socialista in Spanish Socialist Party Argentina Archived from the original on 30 July 2012 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 35 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 41 Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 44 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 46 a b c Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 310 a b c Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 241 Janusz Bugajski 2002 Political Parties of Eastern Europe A Guide to Politics in the Post Communist Era M E Sharpe pp 790 ISBN 978 1 56324 676 0 Retrieved 6 February 2013 Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 251 Laura Payton 14 April 2013 NDP votes to take socialism out of party constitution CBC News Retrieved 26 May 2020 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 184 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 102 Letter to the General Secretary of the National Democratic Party NDP Egypt PDF Socialist International 31 January 2011 Archived from the original PDF on 3 February 2011 Retrieved 6 February 2011 Gultasli Selcuk 4 February 2011 Socialist International cancels Mubarak s party membership Today s Zaman Archived from the original on 3 January 2012 Retrieved 14 July 2012 Weigel David 4 February 2011 Socialist International Kicks Out Mubarak Slate History Social Democratic Party Estonia Archived from the original on 10 August 2011 Retrieved 14 July 2012 a b Peter Lamb James C Docherty 2006 Historical Dictionary of Socialism Second ed The Scarecrow Press p 119 ISBN 978 0 8108 5560 1 Archived from the original on 23 February 2014 Retrieved 12 September 2017 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 306 Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 160 Socialist League Iran Almanac and Book of Facts 5th ed Echo of Iran 1966 p 240 Israel s Labor party quits Socialist International after it adopts BDS BDS Jerusalem Post The Jerusalem Post Jpost com a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 105 James C Docherty Peter Lamb 2 October 2006 Historical Dictionary of Socialism Scarecrow Press pp 187 ISBN 978 0 8108 6477 1 Retrieved 28 January 2013 Kyrgyzstan European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity Archived from the original on 17 June 2012 Retrieved 14 July 2012 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 203 International cooperation Social Democratic Union of Macedonia Archived from the original on 8 September 2018 Retrieved 14 July 2012 FYR Macedonia European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity Archived from the original on 13 August 2012 Retrieved 14 July 2012 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 315 a b International Solidarity Democratic Action Party a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 220 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 268 Partners Labour Party Netherlands Archived from the original on 26 July 2012 Retrieved 14 July 2012 PvdA steunt oprichting Progressive Alliance PvdA Archived 24 September 2015 at the Wayback Machine Pvda nl 19 December 2012 Retrieved on 15 July 2013 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 355 Information in English Labour Party Norway a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 255 Party for a Country of Solidarity in Spanish Party for a Country of Solidarity Archived from the original on 3 July 2008 Retrieved 14 July 2012 Socialist International met in Paraguay ahead of presidential elections Socialist International a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 121 English Democratic Left Alliance Archived from the original on 22 May 2012 Retrieved 14 July 2012 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 103 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 352 Russia European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity Archived from the original on 22 June 2012 Just Russia member of Socialist International Sergey Mironov Archived from the original on 28 July 2012 Retrieved 14 July 2012 SPRAVEDLIVAYa ROSSIYa stala polnopravnym chlenom Socinterna in Russian A Just Russia Archived from the original on 7 September 2012 Retrieved 2 September 2012 Decision regarding membership of a Just Russia Patriots For the Truth Party a b c Serbia European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity Archived from the original on 30 May 2015 Main Singapore Party Quits The Socialist International The New York Times 1 June 1976 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved 13 May 2021 Facts refute the allegations by Dutch and British New Nation 31 May 1976 Retrieved 13 May 2021 via NewspaperSG Why there are Govt men in Chinese papers New Nation 31 May 1976 Retrieved 13 May 2021 via NewspaperSG a b c d Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 316 Lofven till styrelsen for ny organisation vk se in Swedish Archived from the original on 10 March 2017 Retrieved 2 March 2020 Internationale socialiste in French Social Democratic Party of Switzerland Archived from the original on 5 March 2012 Retrieved 14 July 2012 Partiyu Moroza viklyuchili z Socinternu Ukrayinska Pravda 03 July 2011 Ferre Juan Cruz 5 August 2017 DSA Votes for BDS Reparations and Out of the Socialist International Retrieved 7 August 2017 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 327 Internacional Socialista se reunio en Uruguay con preocupacion por lo que ocurra en Venezuela El Observador 18 May 2018 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 170 Socialist International Women Socialist International Women a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 173 a b Lamb amp Docherty 2006 p 174 What is the ILRS International League of Religious Socialists Political Parties National Democratic Institute Archived from the original on 16 January 2011 References EditLamb Peter Docherty James C 2006 Historical Dictionary of Socialism Second ed The Scarecrow Press ISBN 978 0 8108 5560 1 Archived from the original on 23 February 2014 Retrieved 12 September 2017 Further reading EditThe Socialist International by Nikolai Sibilev 1984 Social Democracy and Southern Africa by Vladimir Shubin pseudonym of Vladimir Bushin 1989 Julius Braunthal The Rebirth of Social Democracy Foreign Affairs vol 27 no 4 July 1949 pp 586 600 In JSTOR Pentti Vaananen The Rose and the Fist SYS Print 2014 pp 50 230 ISBN 978 952 93 3706 4External links EditOfficial website Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Socialist International amp oldid 1163076998, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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