You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Chinese. (May 2022) Click [show] for important translation instructions.
Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Chinese Wikipedia article at [[:zh:福建省 (中華民國)]]; see its history for attribution.
You should also add the template {{Translated|zh|福建省 (中華民國)}} to the talk page.
Location of de jure Fujian Province inside de jure territory of ROC
The islands are the only part of a larger province that remain ROC-controlled. The People's Republic of China gained control of the mainland portion in 1949 during the Chinese Civil War. The islands were under military administration during the Cold War; travel restrictions were not lifted until 1992.
Provincial administration was transferred to the national and county governments in 1998 following government reforms. The provincial government was practically abolished in 2018.
Parts of the province in the northwestern area of Fujian were controlled by the Jiangxi–Fujian Soviet, a component territory controlled by the Chinese Soviet Republic until its collapse in 1934 at the start of the Long March.
During the Chinese Civil War, the ROC lost control of mainland China, including most of Fujian province, and was forced to relocate to Taiwan, while the victorious Chinese Communist forces established the PRC in 1949, subsequently the capital of Fujian was also moved from Foochow to Jincheng. In the Battle of Guningtou, however, ROC forces were able to defend the island of Quemoy (Kinmen) just off the coast of Fujian from communist attack. As a result, the ROC has been able to hold on to a number of offshore islands of Fujian, and has continued to maintain a separate Fujian Provincial Government to govern these islands, parallel to the province of Fujian in mainland China.
In 1956, due to heightened potential for military conflict with the PRC, the ROC central government moved the Fujian provincial government out of Fujian to within Taiwan Province in Xindian (now part of New Taipei), and the islands were placed under an extraordinarily tight military administration due to their extreme proximity to mainland China. This was an unusual situation where the government of a province was located and operating in a different province. With the easing of cross-strait relations between the PRC and ROC and the democratization of the ROC in the 1990s, the islands were returned to civilian government in 1992. On 15 January 1996, the provincial government moved back to Kinmen, on Fujian soil.[2]
Beginning in 2010, the ROC significantly diluted the powers of the two provinces it governs, namely Taiwan and Fujian. Most of the authority at the Fujian province level has been delegated to the two county governments of Kinmen and Lienchiang.
The Fujian Provincial Government was located in Jincheng, Kinmen between January 1996 and 2018.
Provincial administration was transferred to counties and the national-level National Development Council in 1998, with the transition occurring in 1999 and 2000.[3] This followed 1997 constitutional reforms to downsize provincial governments. The provincial government was reduced to a local interface for the national government[4] with appointed rather than elected officers;[3] it became dormant[4] when the remaining staff and responsibilities were transferred in 2018.[5]
The Kinmen-Matsu Joint Services Center was founded in 2017[6] as the local government office handling administration of the islands.[7] It took over the remaining responsibilities of the provincial government.[4]
Fujian province nominally comprises two counties: Kinmen County and Lienchiang County. These islands have a total area of 182.66 km2 (70.53 sq mi) and a total population of 71,000 (2001).
The following are the islands of Fujian under the administration of the ROC, given by county:
Culturally, its population is predominantly of Chinese ethnicity, as Fujian remains one of the most culturally and linguistically diverse provinces of the country. Each dialects of the language group Min Chinese were most commonly spoken within the province, including the Fuzhou dialect of northeastern Fujian and various Hokkien dialects of southeastern Fujian. Hakka Chinese is also spoken, by the Hakka people in Fujian. Min dialects, Hakka and Mandarin Chinese are mutually unintelligible. Due to emigration, a sizable amount of the ethnic Chinese populations in Southeast Asia speak Southern Min (or Hokkien).
^"金門地區限制（禁止）水域圖" (PDF) (in Chinese (Taiwan)). Mainland Affairs Council. Retrieved 9 August 2019. 二．限制水域範圍：大金門地區低潮線向外延伸東方海面四千至六千公尺，南方海面八千至一萬公尺，北碇以東海面四千公 尺，大、二膽南海面二千公尺一線以內海域 三、禁止水域範圍：大金門地區低潮線向外延伸東方海面四千公尺，南方海面八千公尺，馬山北方一千五百公尺，北碇以東 海面四千公尺，大、二膽北、西、南海面二千公尺，小金門西海面、檳榔嶼、三腳礁、牛心礁、赤角礁一線以內海域
^辞海第六版. Cihai (Sixth Edition) (in Chinese). 上海. Shanghai: 上海辞书出版社. Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House. September 2009. p. 1124. ISBN9787532628599. 金门 县名。在福建省东南海上、泉州市西南部。现由台湾省管辖。由以金门岛为主的大、小59个岛屿组成。面积149平方千米，人口约6.45万（2004年）。明置金门千户所，清设金门县丞，属同安县。1913年改隶思明县，1914年析置金门县。1928年直属福建省。农产有甘薯、花生等。矿产有玻璃砂、高岭土、铝土、煤。工业有机械、食品等。特产贡糖、高粱酒、金门马等。通公路。名胜古迹有成功洞、鲁王墓、水尾塔等。{...}金门岛 亦称"大金门岛"、"吾洲屿"。在福建省东南部、厦门港口外台湾海峡中。属金门县，现由台湾省管辖。岛形如哑铃，东西宽，南北狭，中多丘陵，沿海多港湾、口岸。东西长约20千米，面积131.7平方千米。其西有小金门岛。名胜古迹有牧马侯（陈渊）祠、鲁王墓、海印寺、古岗湖、中山纪念林等。
External linksEdit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fujian Province, Republic of China.
(in Chinese)
Geographic data related to Fuchien Province, Republic of China at OpenStreetMap
October 24, 2023
fuchien, province, republic, china, province, administered, people, republic, china, under, same, name, fujian, help, expand, this, article, with, text, translated, from, corresponding, article, chinese, 2022, click, show, important, translation, instructions,. For the province administered by the People s Republic of China under the same name see Fujian You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Chinese May 2022 Click show for important translation instructions Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Chinese Wikipedia article at zh 福建省 中華民國 see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated zh 福建省 中華民國 to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation Fuchien Province I 1 fu tɕjɛ n also romanized as Fujian and rendered as Fukien is a nominal province of the Republic of China ROC Taiwan without formal administrative function It includes three small archipelagos off the coast of the Fujian Province of the People s Republic of China namely the Matsu Islands which make up Lienchiang County and the Wuqiu Islands and Kinmen Islands which make up Kinmen County The seat of the administrative centre is Jincheng Township of Kinmen County which serves as its de facto capital The province is also known as the Golden Horse after the literal reading of the Chinese character abbreviation for Kinmen Matsu Fuchien Province 福建省ProvinceName transcription s Chinese福建省 Fujian Sheng AbbreviationFJ 閩 pinyin Mǐn POJ Ban FoochowHok giong Hokkien POJHok kianSeal of Fujian ProvinceMap showing the de facto territories under the nominal province red Coordinates 24 25 N 118 19 E 24 417 N 118 317 E 24 417 118 317Country Republic of ChinaJiangnandong Circuit626Fujian Circuit985Taiwan as a prefecture of Fujian ruled by the Qing dynasty1684Taiwan as a province of Qing dynasty formally detached from Fujian1887Fujian People s Government1933 1934Division of Fujian17 August 1949Streamlined16 July 1956Demilitarised7 November 1992Provincial Government dissolved31 December 2018Named for福 Fu Fuzhou建 Jian JianzhouProvincial capitalJincheng Kinmen de facto note 1 Foochow claimed de jure Largest cityJincheng KinmenDivisions67 counties 2 citiesGovernment TypeProvince nominal BodyKinmen Matsu Joint Services Center note 2 Area 1948119 340 km2 46 080 sq mi 2018180 4560 km2 69 6745 sq mi Population 2020 Free area153 876 Constitutional claims41 563 668Demonym s Fujianese Fukienese Kinmenese MatsuneseDemographics Languages and dialectsMin MandarinTime zoneUTC 08 00 Asia Taipei Postal code209 212 890 896Area code s 0 82 0 826 0 836ISO 3166 codeTWWebsiteFKPG gov twFuchien Fuchien in Chinese charactersChinese福建PostalFukienLiteral meaning Fu zhōu and Jian zhōu TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinFujian Bopomofoㄈㄨˊ ㄐㄧㄢˋGwoyeu RomatzyhFwujiannWade GilesFu chien Tongyong PinyinFujianYale RomanizationFujyanMPS2FujianIPA fu tɕjɛ n WuRomanizationFoh jiHakkaPha k fa sṳFuk kien or Fuk kianYue CantoneseYale RomanizationFukginJyutpingFuk1gin3IPA fok kiːn Southern MinHokkien POJHok kianTai loHok kianEastern MinFuzhou BUCHok giongPu Xian MinHinghwa BUCHo h ge ngNorthern MinJian ou RomanizedHŭ gṳ in gAbbreviationTraditional Chinese閩Simplified Chinese闽Literal meaning the Mǐn River TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinMǐnBopomofoㄇㄧㄣˇGwoyeu RomatzyhMiinWade GilesMin Tongyong PinyinMǐnYale RomanizationMǐnMPS2MǐnIPA mi n HakkaPha k fa sṳMenYue CantoneseYale RomanizationMahnJyutpingMan5IPA mɐn Southern MinHokkien POJBanTai loBanEastern MinFuzhou BUCMingPu Xian MinHinghwa BUCMangNorthern MinJian ou RomanizedMaingFujian ProvinceChinese福建省TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinFujian ShengBopomofoㄈㄨˊ ㄐㄧㄢˋ ㄕㄥˇGwoyeu RomatzyhFwujiann SheengWade GilesFu chien Sheng Tongyong PinyinFujian ShengYale RomanizationFujyan ShengMPS2Fujian ShengIPA fu tɕjɛ n ʂe ŋ HakkaPha k fa sṳFuk kien sen orFuk kian senYue CantoneseYale RomanizationFukgin SaangJyutpingFuk1gin3 Saang2IPA fok kiːn saːŋ Southern MinHokkien POJHok kian sengTai loHok kian singEastern MinFuzhou BUCHok giong sengLocation of de jure Fujian Province inside de jure territory of ROCThe islands are the only part of a larger province that remain ROC controlled The People s Republic of China gained control of the mainland portion in 1949 during the Chinese Civil War The islands were under military administration during the Cold War travel restrictions were not lifted until 1992 Provincial administration was transferred to the national and county governments in 1998 following government reforms The provincial government was practically abolished in 2018 Contents 1 History 2 Government 3 Subdivisions 4 Culture and Demography 5 Education 6 See also 7 Notes 8 Words in native languages 9 References 10 External linksHistory EditSee also Fujian See also Communist controlled China 1927 1949 Chinese Soviet Republic and Fujian People s Government The Xinhai Revolution deposed the Qing dynasty brought the province into the rule of the Republic of China Fujian briefly gained independence from China again under the Fujian People s Government until it was recontrolled by the ROC during the Warlord Era Parts of the province in the northwestern area of Fujian were controlled by the Jiangxi Fujian Soviet a component territory controlled by the Chinese Soviet Republic until its collapse in 1934 at the start of the Long March It came under Japanese sea blockade during Second Sino Japanese War During the Chinese Civil War the ROC lost control of mainland China including most of Fujian province and was forced to relocate to Taiwan while the victorious Chinese Communist forces established the PRC in 1949 subsequently the capital of Fujian was also moved from Foochow to Jincheng In the Battle of Guningtou however ROC forces were able to defend the island of Quemoy Kinmen just off the coast of Fujian from communist attack As a result the ROC has been able to hold on to a number of offshore islands of Fujian and has continued to maintain a separate Fujian Provincial Government to govern these islands parallel to the province of Fujian in mainland China In 1956 due to heightened potential for military conflict with the PRC the ROC central government moved the Fujian provincial government out of Fujian to within Taiwan Province in Xindian now part of New Taipei and the islands were placed under an extraordinarily tight military administration due to their extreme proximity to mainland China This was an unusual situation where the government of a province was located and operating in a different province With the easing of cross strait relations between the PRC and ROC and the democratization of the ROC in the 1990s the islands were returned to civilian government in 1992 On 15 January 1996 the provincial government moved back to Kinmen on Fujian soil 2 Beginning in 2010 the ROC significantly diluted the powers of the two provinces it governs namely Taiwan and Fujian Most of the authority at the Fujian province level has been delegated to the two county governments of Kinmen and Lienchiang Government EditMain article Fujian Provincial Government The Governor of Fujian Province was the head of the Fujian Provincial Government the governor was also titled the Chairperson of the Fujian Provincial Government According to the Additional Articles of the Constitution the governor was appointed by the central government The Fujian Provincial Government was located in Jincheng Kinmen between January 1996 and 2018 Provincial administration was transferred to counties and the national level National Development Council in 1998 with the transition occurring in 1999 and 2000 3 This followed 1997 constitutional reforms to downsize provincial governments The provincial government was reduced to a local interface for the national government 4 with appointed rather than elected officers 3 it became dormant 4 when the remaining staff and responsibilities were transferred in 2018 5 The Kinmen Matsu Joint Services Center was founded in 2017 6 as the local government office handling administration of the islands 7 It took over the remaining responsibilities of the provincial government 4 nbsp Former Fujian Provincial Government building now used by the Kinmen Matsu Joint Services Center Subdivisions EditMain article List of administrative divisions of Fujian Fujian province nominally comprises two counties Kinmen County and Lienchiang County These islands have a total area of 182 66 km2 70 53 sq mi and a total population of 71 000 2001 The following are the islands of Fujian under the administration of the ROC given by county Name Kinmen County Lienchiang CountyChinese 金門縣 連江縣Hokkien Kim mn g koan Lian kang koanHakka Kim mun yen Lien kong yenMatsunese Gĭng muong gaing Lieng gŏng gaingWuqiunese Ging meong ga ⁿ Leng gang ga ⁿMap nbsp nbsp Islands numerous islands amp islets 8 9 10 36 islandsKinmen Islands 金門列島 Kinmen 金門島 Lesser Kinmen 小金門島 Dadan 大膽島 Erdan 二膽島 Dongding 東碇島 Beiding 北碇島 Jiangong 建功嶼 Binlang Islet 檳榔嶼 Fuxing Islet 復興嶼 Menghu Islet 猛虎嶼 Shi Islet 獅嶼 Wuqiu Islands 烏坵嶼 Daqiu 大坵嶼 Xiaoqiu 小坵嶼 Matsu Islands 馬祖列島 Nangan 南竿島 Beigan 北竿島 Dongju 東莒島 Xiju 西莒島 Dongyin 東引島 Xiyin 西引島 Gaodeng Island 高登島 Daqiu Island 大坵島 Liang Island 亮島 Turtle Island 龜島 Administrative divisions 6 townships 4 townshipsThe PRC claims Kinmen as a county of Quanzhou Fujian and the Matsu Islands as a township of Lianjiang County Fuzhou Fujian with some islands claimed as parts of other areas Culture and Demography EditCulturally its population is predominantly of Chinese ethnicity as Fujian remains one of the most culturally and linguistically diverse provinces of the country Each dialects of the language group Min Chinese were most commonly spoken within the province including the Fuzhou dialect of northeastern Fujian and various Hokkien dialects of southeastern Fujian Hakka Chinese is also spoken by the Hakka people in Fujian Min dialects Hakka and Mandarin Chinese are mutually unintelligible Due to emigration a sizable amount of the ethnic Chinese populations in Southeast Asia speak Southern Min or Hokkien Education EditSee also List of universities and colleges in Fujian National Quemoy UniversitySee also EditTaiwan Province Fujian Politics of the Republic of China Kinmen Matsu Joint Services Center Battle of Kuningtou First Taiwan Strait Crisis Second Taiwan Strait Crisis Third Taiwan Strait Crisis Chekiang Province Republic of ChinaNotes Edit Minhou 1912 1938 Yong an 1938 1945 Foochow Minhou 1945 present de jure Jincheng Kinmen 1949 1956 de facto Hsintien Taipei 1956 1996 de facto Jincheng Kinmen 1996 2018 de facto Note The Provincial government was dissolved in July 2018 The Kinmen Matsu Joint Services Center substitutes its administrative functions as local agency of the Executive Yuan located in Jincheng Kinmen Fujian Provincial Government before July 2018Words in native languages Edit Traditional Chinese script 福建Mandarin Pinyin FujianHokkien Hok kianMatsu Hok giongReferences Edit Fuchien Provincial Government 福建省政府 國家教育研究院雙語詞彙 in Chinese Taiwan National Academy for Educational Research Fujian Provincial Government website Archived 14 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine a b Shair Rosenfield Sarah November 2020 Taiwan PDF Regional Authority Index Arjan H Schakel Retrieved 29 May 2021 a b c Cheung Han 19 July 2020 Taiwan in Time A provincial government that ruled no land Taipei Times Retrieved 18 April 2023 Hsiao Sherry 29 June 2018 Provincial level agencies to be defunded next year Taipei Times Retrieved 29 May 2021 Huang Amy Kao Evelyn 24 January 2017 Premier demands efforts to better serve Kinmen Matsu residents Focus Taiwan Archived from the original on 26 January 2017 中心任務 Kinmen Matsu Joint Services Center Executive Yuan December 2011 Retrieved 18 April 2023 金門縣行政區域圖 in Chinese Taiwan Retrieved 9 August 2019 北碇島 母嶼 白巖 草嶼 東割 烽遂角 后嶼 官澳礁 西園嶼 建功嶼 黑巖 大巖嶼 烏礁 桂子礁 獅嶼 牛心礁 小擔 檳榔嶼 烈嶼 復興嶼 猛虎嶼 兔嶼 石山 大膽島 二擔島 三擔島 四擔島 五擔 大坵島 小坵島 金門地區限制 禁止 水域圖 PDF in Chinese Taiwan Mainland Affairs Council Retrieved 9 August 2019 二 限制水域範圍 大金門地區低潮線向外延伸東方海面四千至六千公尺 南方海面八千至一萬公尺 北碇以東海面四千公 尺 大 二膽南海面二千公尺一線以內海域 三 禁止水域範圍 大金門地區低潮線向外延伸東方海面四千公尺 南方海面八千公尺 馬山北方一千五百公尺 北碇以東 海面四千公尺 大 二膽北 西 南海面二千公尺 小金門西海面 檳榔嶼 三腳礁 牛心礁 赤角礁一線以內海域 辞海第六版 Cihai Sixth Edition in Chinese 上海 Shanghai 上海辞书出版社 Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House September 2009 p 1124 ISBN 9787532628599 金门 县名 在福建省东南海上 泉州市西南部 现由台湾省管辖 由以金门岛为主的大 小59个岛屿组成 面积149平方千米 人口约6 45万 2004年 明置金门千户所 清设金门县丞 属同安县 1913年改隶思明县 1914年析置金门县 1928年直属福建省 农产有甘薯 花生等 矿产有玻璃砂 高岭土 铝土 煤 工业有机械 食品等 特产贡糖 高粱酒 金门马等 通公路 名胜古迹有成功洞 鲁王墓 水尾塔等 金门岛 亦称 大金门岛 吾洲屿 在福建省东南部 厦门港口外台湾海峡中 属金门县 现由台湾省管辖 岛形如哑铃 东西宽 南北狭 中多丘陵 沿海多港湾 口岸 东西长约20千米 面积131 7平方千米 其西有小金门岛 名胜古迹有牧马侯 陈渊 祠 鲁王墓 海印寺 古岗湖 中山纪念林等 External links Edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fujian Province Republic of China ROC Fujian Provincial Government in Chinese nbsp Geographic data related to Fuchien Province Republic of China at OpenStreetMap nbsp Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Fuchien Province Republic of China amp oldid 1179692382, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
