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Dune (franchise)

May 02, 2023

Dune, also known as the Dune Chronicles, is an American science fiction media franchise that originated with the 1965 novel Dune by Frank Herbert and has continued to add new publications. Dune is frequently described as the best-selling science fiction novel in history.[1][2] It won the inaugural Nebula Award for Best Novel and the Hugo Award in 1966, and was later adapted into a 1984 film, a 2000 television miniseries, and a 2021 film. The latter will be followed by a 2023 direct sequel. Herbert wrote five sequels, the first two of which were concomitantly adapted as a 2003 miniseries. Dune has also inspired some traditional games and a series of video games. Since 2009, the names of planets from the Dune novels have been adopted for the real-world nomenclature of plains and other features on Saturn's moon Titan.

Dune
Cover of the collectible card game Dune (1997)
Created byFrank Herbert
Original workDune (1965)
OwnerHerbert family through Herbert Properties LLC[a]; with an additional license to Legendary Entertainment
Print publications
Book(s)
  • The Illustrated Dune (1978)
  • The Dune Encyclopedia (1984)
  • The Making of Dune (1984)
  • The Dune Storybook (1984)
  • Songs of Muad'dib (1992)
  • The Road to Dune (2005)
  • Tales of Dune (2011)
  • Tales of Dune: Expanded Edition (2017)
  • Sands of Dune (2022)
Novel(s)
Short stories
Comics
  • Dune: The Official Comic Book (1984)
  • Marvel Comics Super Special #36: Dune (1985)
  • Dune (1985 series)
  • Dune: House Atreides (2020–2022 series)
  • Frank Herbert's Dune: The Graphic Novel, Book 1 (2020)
  • Dune: Blood of the Sardaukar (2021)
  • Dune: A Whisper of Caladan Seas (2021)
  • Frank Herbert's Dune: The Graphic Novel, Book 2: Muad'Dib (2022)
Films and television
Film(s)
Television series
Games
Traditional
Role-playingDune: Chronicles of the Imperium (2000), Dune: Adventures in the Imperium (2021)
Video game(s)


Audio
Soundtrack(s)
  • Dune (1984)
  • Dune: Spice Opera (games, 1992)
  • Frank Herbert's Dune (2000)
  • Emperor: Battle for Dune (2001)
  • Frank Herbert's Children of Dune (2003)
  • Dune (2021)

Frank Herbert died in 1986. Beginning in 1999, his son Brian Herbert and science fiction author Kevin J. Anderson published several collections of prequel novels, as well as two sequels that complete the original Dune series (Hunters of Dune in 2006 and Sandworms of Dune in 2007), partially based on Frank Herbert's notes discovered a decade after his death.[3][4][5]

The political, scientific, and social fictional setting of Herbert's novels and derivative works is known as the Dune universe or Duniverse. Set tens of thousands of years in the future, the saga chronicles a civilization that has banned all "thinking machines", which include computers, robots and artificial intelligence. In their place, civilization has developed advanced mental and physical disciplines as well as advanced technologies that adhere to the ban on computers. Vital to this empire is the harsh desert planet Arrakis, the only known source of the spice melange, the most valuable substance in the universe.

For the similarities between some of Herbert's terms and ideas and actual words and concepts in the Arabic language, as well as the series' "Islamic undertones" and themes, a Middle Eastern influence in Herbert's works has been widely noted.

Premise

The Dune saga is set thousands of years in humanity's future. Faster-than-light travel has been developed, and humans have colonized a vast number of worlds. However, a great reaction against computers has resulted in a ban on any kind of "thinking machine", with the creation or possession of such punishable by immediate death. Despite this prohibition, humanity continues to develop and advance other branches of technology, including ESP and instruments of war. At the time of the first book's setting, humanity has formed a feudal interstellar empire known as the Imperium, run by several Great Houses that oversee various planets. Of key interest is the planet Arrakis, known as "Dune". A desert planet with nearly no precipitation, it is the only planet where a special life-extending drug, melange or "the spice", can be found. In addition to life extension, melange enhances the mental capacity of humans: it enables humans known as Mentats to perform complex calculations without the aid of computers; allows for the mutated Spacing Guild pilots to navigate folded space and travel the distances between planets; and triggers some of the powers of the Bene Gesserit, a religious group that secretly seeks to control the direction humanity takes. Melange is difficult to acquire, not only due to the harsh environment of Arrakis, but also the presence of giant sandworms that are drawn towards any rhythmic sounds on the sands of the desert. Control of Arrakis, its spice production, and the impact on humanity's development become the centerpoints of a millennia-long conflict that develops through the series.

Plot arc

The Dune universe, set in the distant future of humanity, has a history that stretches thousands of years (some 15,000 years in total) and covers considerable changes in political, social, and religious structure as well as technology. Creative works set in the Dune universe can be said to fall into five general time periods:

The Butlerian Jihad

As explained in Dune, the Butlerian Jihad is a conflict taking place over 11,000 years in the future[7] (and over 10,000 years before the events of Dune), which results in the total destruction of virtually all forms of "computers, thinking machines, and conscious robots".[8] With the prohibition "Thou shalt not make a machine in the likeness of a human mind," the creation of even the simplest thinking machines is outlawed and made taboo,[8] which has a profound influence on the socio-political and technological development of humanity in the Dune series.[9] Herbert refers to the Jihad several times in the novels, but does not give much detail on how he imagined the causes and nature of the conflict.[10] Critical analysis has often associated the term with Samuel Butler and his 1863 essay "Darwin among the Machines", which advocated the destruction of all advanced machines.[11]

In Herbert's God Emperor of Dune (1981), Leto II Atreides indicates that the Jihad had been a semi-religious social upheaval initiated by humans who felt repulsed by how guided and controlled they had become by machines.[12] This technological reversal leads to the creation of the universal Orange Catholic Bible and the rise of a new feudal pan-galactic empire that lasts for over 10,000 years before Herbert's series begins.[13][14] Several secret societies also develop, using eugenics programs, intensive mental and physical training, and pharmaceutical enhancements to hone human skills to an astonishing degree.[13] Artificial insemination is also prohibited, as explained in Dune Messiah (1969), when Paul Atreides negotiates with the Reverend Mother Gaius Helen Mohiam, who is appalled by Paul's suggestion that he impregnate his consort in this manner.[15]

Herbert died in 1986,[16][17] leaving his vision of the actual events of the Butlerian Jihad unexplored and open to speculation.[10] The Legends of Dune prequel trilogy (2002–2004) by Brian Herbert and Kevin J. Anderson presents the Jihad as a war between humans and the sentient machines they had created, who rise up and nearly destroy humanity.[18] The series explains that humanity had become entirely complacent and dependent upon thinking machines; recognizing this weakness, a group of ambitious, militant humans calling themselves the Titans use this widespread reliance on machine intelligence to seize control of the entire universe.[18] Their reign lasts for a century; eventually they give too much access and power to the AI program Omnius, which usurps control from the Titans themselves.[10][18] Seeing no value in human life, the thinking machines—now including armies of robot soldiers and other aggressive machines—dominate and enslave nearly all of humanity in the universe for 900 years, until a jihad is ignited.[10] This crusade against the machines lasts for nearly a century, with much loss of human life but ultimately ending in human victory.[18]

The Corrino-led Imperium

 
The golden lion is the symbol of House Corrino.

The ancient Battle of Corrin—occurring 20 years after the end of the Butlerian Jihad—spawns the Padishah Emperors of House Corrino, who rule the known universe for millennia by controlling the Sardaukar, a brutally efficient military force. Ten thousand years later, Imperial power is balanced by the assembly of noble houses called the Landsraad, which enforces the Great Convention's ban on the use of atomics against human targets. Though the power of the Corrinos is unrivaled by any individual House, they are in constant competition with each other for political power and stakes in the omnipresent CHOAM company, a directorship that controls the wealth of the entire Empire. The third primary power in the universe is the Spacing Guild, which monopolizes interstellar travel and banking. Mutated Guild Navigators use the spice drug melange to successfully navigate "folded space" and safely guide enormous heighliner starships from planet to planet instantaneously.[13][19]

The matriarchal Bene Gesserit possess almost superhuman physical, sensory, and deductive powers developed through years of physical and mental conditioning. While positioning themselves to "serve" humanity, the Bene Gesserit pursue their goal to better the human race by subtly and secretly guiding and manipulating the affairs of others to serve their own purposes. By the time of Dune, they have secured a level of control over the current emperor, Shaddam IV, by marrying him to one of their own who intentionally bears him only daughters. The Bene Gesserit also have a secret, millennia-long selective breeding program to bolster and preserve valuable skills and bloodlines as well as to produce a theoretical superhuman male they call the Kwisatz Haderach. When Dune begins, the Sisterhood are only one generation away from their desired individual, having manipulated the threads of genes and power for thousands of years to produce the required confluence of events. But Lady Jessica, ordered by the Bene Gesserit to produce a daughter who would breed with the appropriate male to produce the Kwisatz Haderach, instead bears a son—unintentionally producing the Kwisatz Haderach a generation early.[13]

"Human computers" known as Mentats have been developed and perfected to replace the capacity for logical analysis lost through the prohibition of computers. Through specific training, they learn to enter a heightened mental state in which they can perform complex logical computations that are superior to those of the ancient thinking machines.[20] The Bene Tleilax are amoral merchants who traffic in biological and genetically engineered products such as artificial eyes, "twisted" Mentats, and gholas. Finally, the Ixians produce cutting-edge technology that seemingly complies with (but pushes the boundaries of) the prohibitions against thinking machines. The Ixians are very secretive, not only to protect their valuable hold on the industry but also to hide any methods or inventions that may breach the anti-thinking machine protocols.[13]

Against this backdrop, the Prelude to Dune prequel trilogy (1999–2001) chronicles the return from obscurity of House Atreides, whose role in the Butlerian Jihad is all but forgotten. The Imperial House schemes to gain full control of the Empire through the control of melange, precisely at the time that the Bene Gesserit breeding program is nearing fruition.[21]

The rise of the Atreides

 
Atreides "green and black banner", in the form of a "guidon pennant".
 
The red hawk is the symbol of House Atreides.

As Frank Herbert's Dune (1965) begins, Duke Leto Atreides finds himself in a dangerous position. The 81st Padishah Emperor, Shaddam IV, has put him in control of the desert planet Arrakis, known as Dune, which is the only source of the all-important spice melange.[22] The most valuable commodity in the known universe, the spice not only makes safe and reliable interstellar travel possible, but also prolongs life, protects against disease, and is used by the Bene Gesserit to enhance their abilities. The potential financial gains for House Atreides are mitigated by the fact that mining melange from the desert surface of Arrakis is an expensive and hazardous undertaking, thanks to the treacherous environment and constant threat of giant sandworms that protect the spice. In addition, Leto is aware that Shaddam, feeling threatened by the rising power and influence of the Atreides, has sent him into a trap. Failure to meet or exceed the production volume of his predecessor, the villainous Baron Vladimir Harkonnen, will negatively affect the position of House Atreides in CHOAM, which relies on spice profits.[13] Further, the very presence of the Atreides on Arrakis inflames the long-simmering War of Assassins between House Atreides and House Harkonnen, a feud ignited 10,000 years before when an Atreides had a Harkonnen banished for cowardice after the Butlerian Jihad.[23][24]

The little-understood native population of Arrakis are the Fremen, long overlooked by the Imperium. Considered backward savages, the Fremen are an extremely hardy people and exist in large numbers, their culture built around the commodity of water, which is extremely scarce on Arrakis. The Fremen await the coming of a prophesied messiah, not suspecting that this prophecy had been planted in their legends by the Missionaria Protectiva, an arm of the Bene Gesserit dedicated to religious manipulation to ease the path of the Sisterhood when necessary. In Dune, the so-called "Arrakis Affair" puts unexpected Kwisatz Haderach Paul Atreides in control of first the Fremen people and then Arrakis itself. Absolute control over the spice supply allows Paul to depose Shaddam and become ruler of the known universe, with Shaddam's eldest daughter Princess Irulan as his consort.[13] With a bloody jihad subsequently unleashed across the universe in Paul's name but out of his control, the Bene Gesserit, Tleilaxu, Spacing Guild, and House Corrino conspire to dethrone him in Dune Messiah (1969).[15] Though the plot fails, the Atreides Empire continues to devolve in Children of Dune (1976) as the religion built around Paul falters, Irulan's sister Wensicia conspires to place her son Farad'n on the throne, and Paul's twin heirs Leto II and Ghanima rise to power.[25]

The Heroes of Dune series (2008–2009) by Brian Herbert and Kevin J. Anderson chronicles the major events that take place between Dune: House Corrino (2001) and Dune: The Duke of Caladan (2020), between Dune (1965) and Dune Messiah (1969), and between Dune Messiah and Children of Dune (1976).[26]

The reign and fall of the God Emperor

 
The blue griffin is the symbol of House Harkonnen.

At the time of God Emperor of Dune (1981), Paul's son, the God Emperor Leto II Atreides, has ruled the Empire for 3,500 years from the verdant face of a transformed Arrakis; melange production has ceased. Leto has forced the sandworms into extinction, except for the larval sandtrout with which he had forged a symbiosis, transforming him into a human-sandworm hybrid. Human civilization before his rule had suffered from twin weaknesses: that it could be controlled by a single authority, and that it was totally dependent upon melange, found on only one planet in the known universe. Leto's prescient visions had shown that humanity would be threatened by extinction in any number of ways; his solution was to place humanity on his "Golden Path," a plan for humanity's survival. Leto governs as a benevolent tyrant, providing for his people's physical needs, but denying them any spiritual outlets other than his own compulsory religion (as well as maintaining a monopoly on spice and thus total control of its use). Personal violence of any kind is banned, as is nearly all space travel, creating a pent-up demand for freedom and travel. The Bene Gesserit, Ixians, and Tleilaxu find themselves seeking ways to regain some of their former power or unseat Leto altogether. Leto also conducts his own selective breeding program among the descendants of his twin sister Ghanima, finally arriving at Siona, daughter of Moneo, whose actions are hidden from prescient vision. Leto engineers his own assassination, knowing it will result in rebellion and revolt but also in an explosion in travel and colonization. The death of Leto's body also produces new sandtrout, which will eventually give rise to a population of sandworms and a new cycle of spice production.[27]

The return from the Scattering

In the aftermath of the fall of the God Emperor, chaos and severe famine on many worlds cause trillions of humans to set off into the freedom of unknown space and spread out across the universe. This diaspora is later called the Scattering and, combined with the invisibility of Atreides descendants to prescient vision, assures that humanity has forever escaped the threat of total extinction. At the time of Heretics of Dune (1984) and Chapterhouse: Dune (1985)—1500 years after Leto's death—the turmoil is settling into a new pattern; the balance of power in the Old Empire, as it is now called, rests among the Ixians, the Bene Gesserit, and the Tleilaxu. The Spacing Guild has been forever weakened by the development of Ixian machines capable of navigation in foldspace, practically replacing Guild Navigators. The Bene Gesserit, through manipulation of the Priesthood of the Divided God, control the sandworms and their planet, now called Rakis, but the Tleilaxu have discovered how to produce melange using their axlotl tanks in quantities that greatly exceed natural melange harvests. This balance of power is shattered by a large influx of people from the Scattering, some fleeing persecution by an as-yet unknown enemy. Among the returning people, the Bene Gesserit finds its match in a violent and corrupt matriarchal society known as the Honored Matres, whom they suspect may be descended from some of their own sent out in the Scattering. As a bitter and bloody war erupts between the orders, it ultimately becomes clear that joining the two organizations into a single New Sisterhood with shared abilities is their best chance to fight the approaching enemy.[28][29]

Development and publication

Original series

Herbert's interest in the desert setting of Dune and its challenges is attributed to research he began in 1957 for a never-completed article about a United States Department of Agriculture experiment using poverty grasses to stabilize damaging sand dunes, which could "swallow whole cities, lakes, rivers, and highways."[30] Herbert spent the next five years researching, writing, and revising what would eventually become the novel Dune,[30] which was initially serialized in Analog magazine as two shorter works, Dune World (1963) and The Prophet of Dune (1965).[31] The serialized version was expanded and reworked—and rejected by more than 20 publishers—before being published by Chilton Books, a printing house best known for its auto repair manuals, in 1965.[32] Dune won the inaugural Nebula Award for Best Novel in 1966, and the 1966 Hugo Award.[33][34] The novel has been translated into dozens of languages, and has sold almost 20 million copies.[35] Dune has been regularly cited as one of the world's best-selling science fiction novels.[1][2]

A sequel, Dune Messiah, followed in 1969.[36] A third novel called Children of Dune was published in 1976, and was later nominated for a Hugo Award.[37] Children of Dune became the first hardcover best-seller ever in the science fiction field.[38] Parts of these two first sequels were written before Dune was completed.[39]

In 1978, Berkley Books published The Illustrated Dune, an edition of Dune with 33 black-and-white sketch drawings and eight full color paintings by John Schoenherr, who had done the cover art for the first printing of Dune and had illustrated the Analog serializations of Dune and Children of Dune.[40] Herbert wrote in 1980 that though he had not spoken to Schoenherr prior to the artist creating the paintings, the author was surprised to find that the artwork appeared exactly as he had imagined its fictional subjects, including sandworms, Baron Harkonnen and the Sardaukar.[41]

In 1981, Herbert released God Emperor of Dune, which was ranked as the #11 hardcover fiction best seller of 1981 by Publishers Weekly.[42] Heretics of Dune, the 1984 New York Times #13 hardcover fiction best seller,[43] was followed in quick succession by Chapterhouse: Dune in 1985.[44] Herbert died on February 11, 1986.[16]

Brian Herbert and Kevin J. Anderson

Over a decade after Herbert's death, his son Brian Herbert enlisted science fiction author Kevin J. Anderson to coauthor a trilogy of Dune prequel novels that would come to be called the Prelude to Dune series.[45] Using some of Frank Herbert's own notes,[45][46] the duo wrote Dune: House Atreides (1999), Dune: House Harkonnen (2000), and Dune: House Corrino (2001). The series is set in the years immediately prior to the events of Dune. This was followed with a second prequel trilogy called the Legends of Dune, consisting of Dune: The Butlerian Jihad (2002), Dune: The Machine Crusade (2003), and Dune: The Battle of Corrin (2004). These were set during the Butlerian Jihad, an element of backstory that Frank Herbert had previously established as occurring 10,000 years before the events chronicled in Dune.[10] Herbert's brief description of humanity's "crusade against computers, thinking machines, and conscious robots"[8] was expanded by Brian Herbert and Anderson in this series.[10]

With an outline for the first book of Prelude to Dune series written and a proposal sent to publishers,[47] Brian Herbert had discovered his father's 30-page outline for a sequel to Chapterhouse Dune, which the elder Herbert had dubbed Dune 7.[48] After publishing their six prequel novels, Brian Herbert and Anderson released Hunters of Dune (2006) and Sandworms of Dune (2007), which complete the original series and wrap up storylines that began with Frank Herbert's Heretics of Dune.

The Heroes of Dune series followed, focusing on the time periods between Frank Herbert's original novels.[45][49][50][51] The first book, Paul of Dune, was published in 2008,[52] followed by The Winds of Dune[50][53] in 2009.[54] The next two installments were to be called The Throne of Dune and Leto of Dune (possibly changing to The Golden Path of Dune),[55] but were postponed due to plans to publish a trilogy about "the formation of the Bene Gesserit, the Mentats, the Suk doctors, the Spacing Guild and the Navigators, as well as the solidifying of the Corrino imperium."[56] Sisterhood of Dune was released in 2012,[56] followed by Mentats of Dune in 2014. In a 2009 interview, Anderson stated that the third and final novel would be titled The Swordmasters of Dune,[48] but by 2014 it had been renamed Navigators of Dune[57] and was published in 2016.

In July 2020, Herbert and Anderson announced a new trilogy of prequel novels called The Caladan Trilogy. The first novel in the series, Dune: The Duke of Caladan, was published in October 2020,[58][59] and the second, Dune: The Lady of Caladan, was released in September 2021.[60][61] The third novel, Dune: The Heir of Caladan, was released on November 22, 2022.[62]

Jon Michaud of The New Yorker wrote in 2013, "The conversion of Dune into a franchise, while pleasing readers and earning royalties for the Herbert estate, has gone a long way toward obscuring the power of the original novel."[22]

Short stories

In 1985, Frank Herbert wrote an illustrated short work called "The Road to Dune", set sometime between the events of Dune and Dune Messiah. Published in Herbert's short story collection Eye, it takes the form of a guidebook for pilgrims to Arrakis and features images (with descriptions) of some of the devices and characters presented in the novels.[63]

Brian Herbert and Anderson have written eight Dune short stories and four Dune novellas, most of them related to and published around their novels. The eight short stories include "Dune: A Whisper of Caladan Seas" (2001), "Dune: Hunting Harkonnens" (2002), "Dune: Whipping Mek" (2003), "Dune: The Faces of a Martyr" (2004), "Dune: Sea Child" (2006), "Dune: Treasure in the Sand" (2006), "Dune: Wedding Silk" (2008), and "Dune: Red Plague" (2016). These eight short stories were published together in the 2017 collection Tales of Dune: Expanded Edition. The four novellas include "Dune: The Waters of Kanly" (2017), "Dune: Blood of the Sardaukar" (2019), "Dune: The Edge of a Crysknife" (2022), and "Dune: Imperial Court" (2022). The four novellas were published together in the collection Sands of Dune, which released on July 28, 2022.

By other authors

In 1984, Herbert's publisher Putnam released The Dune Encyclopedia under its Berkley Books imprint.[64][65] Approved by Herbert but not written by him, this collection of essays by 43 contributors describes in invented detail many aspects of the Dune universe not found in the novels themselves.[66] Herbert's estate later confirmed its non-canonical status after Brian Herbert and Kevin J. Anderson had begun publishing prequel novels that directly contradict The Dune Encyclopedia.[67]

The 1984 Dune film spawned The Dune Storybook (September 1984, ISBN 0-399-12949-9), a novelization written by Joan D. Vinge,[65][68] and The Making of Dune (December 1984, ISBN 0-425-07376-9), a making-of book by Ed Naha.[65][69] In November 1984, Pocket Books published National Lampoon's Doon by Ellis Weiner (ISBN 0-671-54144-7), a parody novel.[65]

In May 1992, Ace Books published Songs of Muad'dib (ISBN 0-441-77427-X), a collection of Dune-related poems written by Frank Herbert and edited by his son Brian.[65][70] Brian Herbert and Kevin J. Anderson released The Road to Dune on August 11, 2005. The book contains a novelette called Spice Planet (an alternative version of Dune based on an outline by Frank Herbert), a number of the Brian Herbert/Anderson short stories, and letters and unused chapters written by Frank Herbert.[71]

In the 1999 gazetteer The Stars and Planets of Frank Herbert's Dune: A Gazetteer (1999), Joseph M. Daniels estimates the distance from Earth in light-years (ly) for many Dune planets, based on the real-life distances of the stars and planetary systems referenced by Frank Herbert when discussing these planets in the glossary of the novel Dune. Though Herbert used the names of actual stars and planetary systems in his work, there is no documentation supporting or disputing the assumption that he was, in fact, referring to these real-life stars or systems.[72] The Science of Dune (2008) analyzes and deconstructs many of Herbert's concepts and fictional inventions.[73][74][75]

Themes and influences

The Dune series is a landmark of soft science fiction. Herbert deliberately suppressed technology in his Dune universe so he could address the politics of humanity, rather than the future of humanity's technology. Dune considers the way humans and their institutions might change over time.[76] Jon Michaud of The New Yorker called the originating novel Dune "an epic of political betrayal, ecological brinkmanship, and messianic deliverance."[22] Director John Harrison, who adapted Dune for Syfy's 2000 miniseries, called the novel a universal and timeless reflection of "the human condition and its moral dilemmas", and said:

A lot of people refer to Dune as science fiction. I never do. I consider it an epic adventure in the classic storytelling tradition, a story of myth and legend not unlike the Morte d'Arthur or any messiah story. It just happens to be set in the future...The story is actually more relevant today than when Herbert wrote it. In the 1960s, there were just these two colossal superpowers duking it out. Today we're living in a more feudal, corporatized world more akin to Herbert's universe of separate families, power centers and business interests, all interrelated and kept together by the one commodity necessary to all.[77]

Novelist Brian Herbert, Frank Herbert's son and biographer, explained that "Frank Herbert drew parallels, used spectacular metaphors, and extrapolated present conditions into world systems that seem entirely alien at first blush. But close examination reveals they aren't so different from systems we know".[78] He wrote that the invaluable drug melange "represents, among other things, the finite resource of oil".[78] Michaud explained, "Imagine a substance with the combined worldwide value of cocaine and petroleum and you will have some idea of the power of melange."[22] Each chapter of Dune begins with an epigraph excerpted from the fictional writings of the character Princess Irulan. In forms such as diary entries, historical commentary, biography, quotations and philosophy, these writings set tone and provide exposition, context, and other details intended by Herbert to enhance understanding of his complex fictional universe and themes.[79]

Michaud wrote in 2013, "With daily reminders of the intensifying effects of global warming, the spectre of a worldwide water shortage, and continued political upheaval in the oil-rich Middle East, it is possible that Dune is even more relevant now than when it was first published."[22] Praising Herbert's "clever authorial decision" to excise robots and computers ("two staples of the genre") from his fictional universe, he suggested that "This de-emphasis on technology throws the focus back on people. It also allows for the presence of a religious mysticism uncommon in science fiction."[22]

Environmentalism and ecology

The originating novel Dune has been called the "first planetary ecology novel on a grand scale".[80] After the publication of Silent Spring by Rachel Carson in 1962, science fiction writers began treating the subject of ecological change and its consequences. Dune responded in 1965 with its complex descriptions of life on Arrakis, from giant sandworms (for whom water is deadly) to smaller, mouse-like life forms adapted to live with limited water. Dune was followed in its creation of complex and unique ecologies by other science fiction books such as A Door into Ocean (1986) and Red Mars (1992).[80] Environmentalists have pointed out that Dune's popularity as a novel depicting a planet as a complex, almost living, thing, in combination with the first images of Earth from space being published in the same time period, strongly influenced environmental movements such as the establishment of the international Earth Day.[81]

Declining empires

Lorenzo DiTommaso compared Dune's portrayal of the downfall of a galactic empire to Edward Gibbon's Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, which argues that Christianity allied with the profligacy of the Roman elite led to the fall of Ancient Rome. In "History and Historical Effect in Frank Herbert's Dune" (1992), DiTommaso outlines similarities between the two works by highlighting the excesses of Padishah Emperor Shaddam IV on his home planet of Kaitain and of the Baron Harkonnen in his palace. The Emperor loses his effectiveness as a ruler through an excess of ceremony and pomp. The hairdressers and attendants he brings with him to Arrakis are even referred to as "parasites". The Baron Harkonnen is similarly corrupt, materially indulgent, and a sexual degenerate. Gibbon's Decline and Fall partly blames the fall of Rome on the rise of Christianity. Gibbon claimed that this exotic import from a conquered province weakened the soldiers of Rome and left it open to attack. Similarly, the Emperor's Sardaukar fighters are little match for the Fremen of Arrakis because of the Sardaukar's overconfidence and the Fremen's capacity for self-sacrifice. The Fremen put the community before themselves in every instance, while the world outside wallows in luxury at the expense of others.[82] The decline and long peace of the Empire sets the stage for revolution and renewal by genetic mixing of successful and unsuccessful groups through war, a process culminating in the Jihad led by Paul Atreides, described by Herbert as depicting "war as a collective orgasm" (drawing on Norman Walter's 1950 The Sexual Cycle of Human Warfare). These themes reappear in God Emperor of Dune's Scattering and Leto II's all-female Fish Speaker army.[83][84]

Heroism

Brian Herbert wrote that "Dune is a modern-day conglomeration of familiar myths, a tale in which great sandworms guard a precious treasure of melange...[that] resembles the myth described by an unknown English poet in Beowulf, the compelling tale of a fearsome fire dragon who guarded a great treasure hoard in a lair under cliffs".[78]

Paul's rise to superhuman status follows the hero's journey template; after unfortunate circumstances are forced onto him, he suffers a long period of hardship and exile, and finally confronts and defeats the source of evil in his tale.[85][86] As such, Dune is representative of a general trend beginning in 1960s American science fiction in that it features a character who attains godlike status through scientific means.[87] Frank Herbert said in 1979, "The bottom line of the Dune trilogy is: beware of heroes. Much better [to] rely on your own judgment, and your own mistakes."[88] He wrote in 1985, "Dune was aimed at this whole idea of the infallible leader because my view of history says that mistakes made by a leader (or made in a leader's name) are amplified by the numbers who follow without question."[89]

Juan A. Prieto-Pablos says Herbert achieves a new typology with Paul's superpowers, differentiating the heroes of Dune from earlier heroes such as Superman, van Vogt's Gilbert Gosseyn and Henry Kuttner's telepaths. Unlike previous superheroes who acquire their powers suddenly and accidentally, Paul's are the result of "painful and slow personal progress." And unlike other superheroes of the 1960s—who are the exception among ordinary people in their respective worlds—Herbert's characters grow their powers through "the application of mystical philosophies and techniques." For Herbert, the ordinary person can develop incredible fighting skills (Fremen, Swordmasters of Ginaz and Sardaukar) or mental abilities (Bene Gesserit, Mentats, Spacing Guild Navigators).[90]

Middle-Eastern and Islamic influences

Due to the similarities between some of Herbert's terms and ideas and actual words and concepts in the Arabic language, as well as the series' "Islamic undertones" and themes, a Middle Eastern influence on Herbert's works has been noted repeatedly.[91][92]

As a foreigner who adopts the ways of a desert-dwelling people and then leads them in a military capacity, Paul Atreides' character bears many similarities to the historical T. E. Lawrence,[93] whose 1962 biopic Lawrence of Arabia has also been identified as an influence.[94] Lesley Blanch's novel The Sabres of Paradise (1960) about Muslim resistance to the Russian Empire in the Caucasus, has also been identified as a major influence upon Dune, with its depiction of Imam Shamil and the Islamic culture of the Caucasus inspiring some of the themes, characters, events and terminology of Dune.[95][96] Multiple proverbs recorded by Blanch's The Sabres as originating from the Caucasus Mountains are included in Dune, such as "polish comes from the city, wisdom from the hills," becoming "polish comes from the cities, wisdom from the desert" for Arrakis.[95]

The environment of the desert planet Arrakis is similar to the Middle East, particularly the Arabian Peninsula and Persian Gulf, as well as Mexico. The novel also contains references to the petroleum industries in the Arab states of the Persian Gulf as well as Mexico.[97] The Fremen people of Arrakis were influenced by the Bedouin tribes of Arabia, and the Mahdi (messiah) prophecy originates from Islamic eschatology.[98] Inspiration is also adopted from medieval historian Ibn Khaldun's cyclical history and his dynastic concept in North Africa, hinted by Herbert's reference to Khaldun's book Kitāb al-ʿibar ("The Book of Lessons") as known among the Fremen.[99][100]

Additional linguistic and historic influences

In addition to Arabic, Dune derives words and names from multiple other languages, including Hebrew, Navajo, Latin, Chakobsa, the Nahuatl language of the Aztecs, Greek, Persian, East Indian, Russian, Turkish, Finnish, Dutch and Old English.[101] Through the inspiration from Lesley Blanch's The Sabres of Paradise, there are also allusions to the tsarist-era Russian nobility and Cossacks.[95] Frank Herbert stated that bureaucracy that lasted long enough would become a hereditary nobility, and a significant theme behind the aristocratic families in Dune was "aristocratic bureaucracy" which he saw as analogous to the Soviet Union.[102][103]

Religion

Brian Herbert called the Dune universe "a spiritual melting pot", noting that his father Frank Herbert incorporated elements of a variety of religions, including Buddhism, Sufi mysticism and other Islamic belief systems, Catholicism, Protestantism, Judaism, and Hinduism.[104] He added that Frank Herbert's fictional future in which "religious beliefs have combined into interesting forms" represents the author's solution to eliminating arguments between religions, each of which claim to have "the one and only revelation."[104] Frank Herbert writes that, in the aftermath of the technology-purging Butlerian Jihad, the Bene Gesserit composed the Azhar Book, which "preserves the great secrets of the most ancient faiths".[105] Soon after, an ecumenical council created a syncretic religion defined by the Orange Catholic Bible, which would become the primary orthodox religious text in the universe.[105] Its title suggests a merging of Protestantism (Orange Order) and Catholicism.[106][107] Herbert writes in the glossary of Dune:

Orange Catholic Bible: the "Accumulated Book," the religious text produced by the Commission of Ecumenical Translators. It contains elements of most ancient religions, including the Maometh Saari, Mahayana Christianity, Zensunni Catholicism and Buddislamic traditions. Its supreme commandment is considered to be: "Thou shalt not disfigure the soul."[108]

Early in his newspaper career, Frank Herbert was introduced to Zen, a school of Mahayana Buddhism, by two Jungian psychologists, Ralph and Irene Slattery, who "gave a crucial boost to his thinking".[109] Zen teachings ultimately had "a profound and continuing influence on [Herbert's] work".[109] Throughout the Dune series and particularly in Dune, Herbert employs concepts and forms borrowed from Zen Buddhism.[22][109][110] The Fremen are Zensunni adherents, and many of Herbert's epigraphs are Zen-spirited.[111] In "Dune Genesis", Frank Herbert wrote:

What especially pleases me is to see the interwoven themes, the fuguelike relationships of images that exactly replay the way Dune took shape ... I involved myself with recurrent themes that turn into paradox. The central paradox concerns the human vision of time. What about Paul's gift of prescience—the Presbyterian fixation? For the Delphic Oracle to perform, it must tangle itself in a web of predestination. Yet predestination negates surprises and, in fact, sets up a mathematically enclosed universe whose limits are always inconsistent, always encountering the unprovable. It's like a koan, a Zen mind breaker.[41]

The Bene Gesserit are shown to practice "religious engineering" through the Missionaria Protectiva, which spreads contrived myths, prophecies and superstition on primitive worlds so that the Sisterhood may later exploit those regions.[112] Herbert suggests a process of wish-fulfilling recognition of "sacred" texts created by the Bene Gesserit's master plan in a particular person, and transforming events into common belief.[113] In the novels, the Fremen religion on Arrakis has been thus influenced, allowing Paul to embody their prophesied messiah.[114] Paul is agonized by visions of terrible jihad which will destroy the Imperium, but he becomes Paul Muad'Dib, Mahdi of the Fremen, accepting the role imposed by Bene Gesserit. A new religion sweeps Paul to power.[88]

Between the events of Dune and Dune Messiah, the name Muad'Dib becomes a battle cry on the lips of the Fremen army that sweeps across the universe in a jihad in the name of Muad'Dib's religion.[115] The population of the universe sees Muad'Dib as their god, whether they like it or not, and they cannot deny his power religiously.[116] The Fremen culture is irreparably damaged by jihad; the new religion takes shape of rituals that are dependent on Muad'Dib's omnipresence.[88] As Muad'Dib, Paul is the messiah and the Emperor (King of Kings) who gives himself to fate and becomes a martyr to his followers, wanders blinded into the desert to die,[88] later finding emancipation as a heretic of his own church as the Preacher.[117] The regency of Paul's sister Alia and the Qizarate priests continue to promote Muad'Dib's religion to help keep control of the universe, ensuring that others do not oppose them.[116] In his Golden Path, Herbert presents an argument of how to create a healthy society, avoiding despotism and hero worship, a trap in which social groups can be caught:

To make a world where human kind can make its own future from moment to moment, free from one man's vision. Free from the perversion of the prophets words. And free of future pre-determined...[117]

Legacy

The political, scientific, and social fictional setting of Herbert's novels and derivative works is known as the Dune universe or Duniverse.[75][118][119] Dune has been widely influential, inspiring numerous novels, music, films, television, games, and comic books.[120] It is considered one of the greatest and most influential science fiction novels of all time, with numerous modern science fiction works such as Star Wars owing their existence to Dune.[98] Dune has also been referenced in numerous other works of popular culture, such as Star Trek, The Chronicles of Riddick, The Kingkiller Chronicle, and Futurama.[121] Dune was cited as a major source of inspiration for Hayao Miyazaki's anime film Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind (1984).[122]

Jon Michaud noted in 2013 in The New Yorker, "what's curious about Dune's stature is that it has not penetrated popular culture in the way that The Lord of the Rings and Star Wars have."[22] He praised Herbert's "clever authorial decision" to excise robots and computers ("two staples of the genre") from his fictional universe, but suggested that this may be one explanation why Dune lacks "true fandom among science-fiction fans".[22]

Since 2009, the names of planets from the Dune novels have been adopted for the real-world nomenclature of plains (planitiae) and complexes of valleys (labyrinthi) on Saturn's moon Titan.[123][124][125] Planet names used to date include Arrakis, Caladan, Giedi Prime, Kaitain, Salusa Secundus, and Tleilax.[124][125] The Hagal dune field and other sites on Mars are informally named after planets mentioned in the Dune series.[126] The city of Tacoma, Washington, Herbert's birthplace, dedicated part of Point Defiance Park as the "Dune Peninsula" to honor the writer and the series.[127]

In other media

Films

Film U.S. release date Directed by Screenplay by Produced by Distribution
Dune December 14, 1984 David Lynch Raffaella De Laurentiis Universal Pictures
Dune October 22, 2021 Denis Villeneuve Jon Spaihts, Denis Villeneuve and Eric Roth Mary Parent, Denis Villeneuve, Cale Boyter and Joe Caracciolo Jr. Warner Bros. Pictures
Dune: Part Two November 3, 2023
Main articles: Dune (1984 film), Dune (2021 film), and Dune: Part Two

In 1973, director and writer Alejandro Jodorowsky set about creating a cinematic adaptation, taking over the option that producer Arthur P. Jacobs had taken on the film adaptation rights in 1973 shortly before his death. Jodorowsky approached, among others, Peter Gabriel, the prog rock groups Pink Floyd and Magma for some of the music, artists H. R. Giger and Jean Giraud for set and character design, and Dan O'Bannon for special effects. Jodorowsky cast his own son Brontis Jodorowsky in the lead role of Paul Atreides, Salvador Dalí as Shaddam IV, Padishah Emperor, Amanda Lear as Princess Irulan, Orson Welles as Baron Vladimir Harkonnen, Gloria Swanson as Reverend Mother Gaius Helen Mohiam, David Carradine as Duke Leto Atreides, Geraldine Chaplin as Lady Jessica, Alain Delon as Duncan Idaho, Hervé Villechaize as Gurney Halleck, Udo Kier as Piter De Vries, and Mick Jagger as Feyd-Rautha.[128] He began writing a vast script, so expansive that the movie was thought to potentially last 14 hours. The project, nevertheless, was scrapped for financial reasons, leaving Jodorowsky's unfinished handwritten script in a notebook that was partially published as a facsimile in 2012 as part of the 100 Notes – 100 Thoughts catalog of the 13th documenta exhibition.[129] Frank Pavich directed a documentary about this unrealized project entitled Jodorowsky's Dune, which premiered at the 2013 Cannes Film Festival in May 2013,[130] and was released theatrically in March 2014.[131] In 1984, Dino De Laurentiis and Universal Pictures released Dune, a feature film adaptation of the novel by director and writer David Lynch.[132] The film stars Kyle MacLachlan as Paul Atreides, Jürgen Prochnow as Duke Leto Atreides, Francesca Annis as Lady Jessica, Sean Young as Chani, Kenneth McMillan as Baron Vladimir Harkonnen, Siân Phillips as Reverend Mother Gaius Helen Mohiam, Max von Sydow as Doctor Kynes, Sting as Feyd-Rautha, Freddie Jones as Thufir Hawat, Richard Jordan as Duncan Idaho, Everett McGill as Stilgar, Patrick Stewart as Gurney Halleck, Dean Stockwell as Doctor Wellington Yueh, and José Ferrer as Padishah Emperor Shaddam IV.[133] Although a commercial and critical failure upon release, Frank Herbert himself was reportedly pleased with the movie, as it stayed more faithful to the book than earlier movie adaptation attempts. However, he had his reservations on its failures at the time, citing the lack of "imagination" in its marketing and estimated costs, and some of the filmmaker's production techniques.[89]

In 2008, Paramount Pictures announced that they had a new feature film adaptation of Dune in development with Peter Berg set to direct;[134] Berg dropped out of the project in October 2009,[135] and director Pierre Morel was signed in January 2010.[136] Paramount dropped the project in March 2011.[137][138]

In November 2016, Legendary Entertainment acquired the film and TV rights for Dune.[139][140] Variety reported in December 2016 that Denis Villeneuve was in negotiations to direct the project,[141] which was confirmed in February 2017.[142] In early 2018, Villeneuve stated that his goal was to adapt the novel into a two-part film series.[143] He said in May 2018 that the first draft of the script had been finished.[144][145] Villeneuve said, "Most of the main ideas of Star Wars are coming from Dune so it's going to be a challenge to [tackle] this. The ambition is to do the Star Wars movie I never saw. In a way, it's Star Wars for adults."[146] In July 2018, Brian Herbert confirmed that the latest draft of the screenplay covered "approximately half of the novel Dune."[147] Timothée Chalamet is to play Paul Atreides.[148] Greig Fraser joined the project as cinematographer in December 2018.[149] In September 2018, it was reported that Rebecca Ferguson was in talks to play Jessica Atreides.[150] In January 2019, Dave Bautista[151] and Stellan Skarsgård[152] joined the production, playing Glossu Rabban and Vladimir Harkonnen, respectively. It was reported later that month that Charlotte Rampling had been cast as Reverend Mother Mohiam,[153] Oscar Isaac as Duke Leto,[154] Zendaya as Chani,[155] and Javier Bardem as Stilgar.[156] In February 2019, Josh Brolin was cast as Gurney Halleck,[157] Jason Momoa as Duncan Idaho,[158] and David Dastmalchian as Piter De Vries.[159] Filming began March 18, 2019, and the film was shot on location in Budapest, Hungary and Jordan.[160] Distributed by Warner Bros., Villeneuve's Dune was released on October 22, 2021.[161][162] Dune was a critical and commercial success, leading Legendary Pictures to greenlight a sequel, Dune: Part Two, within that week, with a planned released date in November 2023.[163]

Television series

Series Season Episodes Originally aired Network Based on
First aired Last aired
Frank Herbert's Dune 1 3 December 3, 2000 Sci Fi Channel Dune
Frank Herbert's Children of Dune 1 3 March 16, 2003 March 26, 2003 Dune Messiah and Children of Dune
Dune: The Sisterhood 1 TBA TBA TBA HBO Max Original (inspired by Sisterhood of Dune)
Main articles: Frank Herbert's Dune, Frank Herbert's Children of Dune, and Dune: The Sisterhood

The Sci-Fi Channel (now branded as Syfy) premiered a three-part miniseries adaptation called Frank Herbert's Dune on December 3, 2000.[77] Its March 16, 2003 sequel, Frank Herbert's Children of Dune, combined both Dune Messiah and Children of Dune.[164][165] As of 2004, both miniseries were two of the three highest-rated programs ever to be broadcast on Syfy.[45] Frank Herbert's Dune won two Primetime Emmy Awards in 2001, for Outstanding Cinematography for a Miniseries or Movie[166] and Outstanding Special Visual Effects for a Miniseries, Movie or a Special.[167] The miniseries was also nominated for an Emmy for Outstanding Sound Editing for a Miniseries, Movie or a Special.[168] Frank Herbert's Children of Dune won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Special Visual Effects for a Miniseries, Movie or a Special in 2003.[169] The miniseries was also nominated for Emmys for Outstanding Sound Editing for a Miniseries, Movie or a Special,[170] Outstanding Hairstyling for a Limited Series or Movie,[170] and Outstanding Makeup for a Limited Series or Movie (Non-Prosthetic).[171]

In June 2019 it was announced that Legendary Television will be producing a spin-off television series, Dune: The Sisterhood, for WarnerMedia's streaming service, HBO Max. The series will focus on the Bene Gesserit and serve as a prequel to the 2021 film. Villeneuve will direct the series' pilot with Jon Spaihts writing the screenplay, and both will serve as executive producers alongside Brian Herbert.[172] Though he initially served as showrunner, on November 5, 2019, The Hollywood Reporter reported that Spaihts had stepped down from this position to focus more on the sequel to the 2021 film.[173] Diane Ademu-John had been hired as the new showrunner by July 2021.[174]

Comics and graphic novels

A comic adaptation of David Lynch's film Dune, by writer Ralph Macchio and artist Bill Sienkiewicz, was produced by Marvel Comics and was published in various formats. On December 1, 1984, it was published with Berkley in a small paperback as Dune: The Official Comic Book (ISBN 0-425-07623-7).[65] It was later released as Marvel Super Special #36: Dune[175] on April 1, 1985, and as a three-issue limited comic series from Marvel entitled Dune from April to June 1985.[65][176]

In January 2020, Entertainment Weekly reported that Abrams Books was developing a three-part graphic novel adaptation of Dune, which will be the first time the novel has been published in this format. The graphic novel will be written by Brian Herbert and Anderson and illustrated by Raúl Allén and Patricia Martín, with covers by Bill Sienkiewicz.[177] In May 2020, Boom! Studios was announced to have acquired the comic and graphic novel rights to the 1999 prequel novel Dune: House Atreides, with the intent of doing a 12-issue comic adaptation written by the original authors Brian Herbert and Anderson.[178] In 2021 they announced another 12-issue comic series based on Brian Herbert and Kevin J. Anderson's 2019 Dune short story "Blood of the Sardaukar."

Video games

Main article: List of games based on Dune

To date, there have been six licensed Dune computer and video games released. The first was Dune (1992) from Cryo Interactive/Virgin Interactive.[179][180] Another game developed at the same time, Westwood Studios' Dune II (1992), is generally credited for popularizing and setting the template for the real-time strategy genre of computer games.[181][182] Dune II is considered to be among the most influential video games of all time.[183]

Dune 2000 (1998) is a remake of Dune II from Intelligent Games/Westwood Studios/Virgin Interactive.[184] Its sequel was the 3D video game Emperor: Battle for Dune (2001) by Intelligent Games/Westwood Studios/Electronic Arts.[185][186] The 3D game Frank Herbert's Dune (2001) by Cryo Interactive/DreamCatcher Interactive is based on the 2000 Sci Fi Channel miniseries of the same name.[187][188]

On February 26, 2019, Funcom announced that it was entering into an exclusive partnership with Legendary Entertainment to develop games related to the upcoming Dune films.[189] The first game, Dune: Spice Wars, developed by Shiro Games, was released in early access on April 26, 2022.[190]

Other games

 
Dune: Imperium's designer Paul Dennen (left), at the booth promoting his game, at Spiel des Jahres.

The board game Dune was released by Avalon Hill in 1979,[191][192] followed by a Parker Brothers game Dune in 1984.[193] A 1997 collectible card game called Dune[194] was followed by the role-playing game Dune: Chronicles of the Imperium in 2000.[195][196] The 1979 Avalon Hill game was republished by Gale Force Nine in 2019.[197] The board game Dune: Imperium was published by Dire Wolf in 2021.[198] In May 2021, a tabletop RPG, Dune: Adventures in the Imperium, was released by Modiphius Entertainment.[199] It won a Gold ENNIE Award for "Best Writing" and was also nominated for "Product of the Year."[200]

Merchandising

A line of Dune action figures from toy company LJN was released to lackluster sales in 1984. Styled after David Lynch's film, the collection featured figures of Paul Atreides, Baron Harkonnen, Feyd, Rabban, Stilgar, and a Sardaukar warrior, plus a poseable sandworm, several vehicles and weapons, and a set of View-Master stereoscope reels. Figures of Gurney and Lady Jessica previewed in LJN's catalog were never produced.[201][202] In 2006, SOTA Toys produced a Baron Harkonnen action figure for their "Now Playing Presents" line.[202] In October 2019, Funko announced a "Dune Classic" line of POP! vinyl figures, the first of which are Paul in a stillsuit and Feyd in a blue jumpsuit, styled after Lynch's film.[203][204] An alternate version of Feyd in his blue loincloth was released for the 2019 New York Comic Con.[205]

Soundtrack albums have been released for the 1984 film, the 2000 TV miniseries, and the 2003 Children of Dune miniseries, as well as the 1992 video game, the 2001 computer game Emperor: Battle for Dune, and select tracks from the entire series of Dune video games.[206]

See also

References

  1. ^ formerly Herbert Limited Partnership
  1. ^ a b Touponce, William F. (1988). "Herbert's Reputation". Frank Herbert. Boston, Massachusetts: Twayne Publishers imprint, G. K. Hall & Co. p. 119. ISBN 0-8057-7514-5. Locus ran a poll of readers on April 15, 1975 in which Dune 'was voted the all-time best science-fiction novel … It has sold over ten million copies in numerous editions.'
  2. ^ a b . March 18, 2003. Archived from the original on September 28, 2007. Retrieved September 28, 2007 – via PNNonline.org. Since its debut in 1965, Frank Herbert's Dune has sold over 12 million copies worldwide, making it the best-selling science fiction novel of all time ... Frank Herbert's Dune saga is one of the greatest 20th Century contributions to literature.
  3. ^ Liptak, Andrew (September 13, 2016). "The authors of Navigators of Dune on building an epic, lasting world". The Verge. Retrieved July 24, 2019.

    Quinn, Judy (November 17, 1997). "Bantam Pays $3M for Dune Prequels by Herbert's Son". Publishers Weekly. from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved February 6, 2014. The new prequels ... will be based on notes and outlines Frank Herbert left at his death in 1986.

    Anderson, Kevin J. (December 16, 2005). . Archived from the original on October 12, 2007. Retrieved October 12, 2008 – via DuneNovels.com. Frank Herbert wrote a detailed outline for Dune 7 and he left extensive Dune 7 notes, as well as stored boxes of his descriptions, epigraphs, chapters, character backgrounds, historical notes—over a thousand pages worth.

  4. ^ Neuman, Clayton (August 17, 2009). "Winds of Dune Author Brian Herbert on Flipping the Myth of Jihad". AMC. from the original on September 21, 2009. Retrieved June 16, 2020. I got a call from an estate attorney who asked me what I wanted to do with two safety deposit boxes of my dad's ... in them were the notes to Dune 7—it was a 30-page outline. So I went up in my attic and found another 1,000 pages of working notes.

    . Amazon.com. 2004. Archived from the original on April 9, 2009. Retrieved November 12, 2008. Brian was cleaning out his garage to make an office space and he found all these boxes that had 'Dune Notes' on the side. And we used a lot of them for our House books.

    . Arrakis.ru. 2004. Archived from the original on September 8, 2012. Retrieved November 12, 2008. We had already started work on House Atreides ... After we already had our general outline written and the proposal sent to publishers, then we found the outlines and notes. (This necessitated some changes, of course.)

  5. ^ Ascher, Ian (2004). . DigitalWebbing.com. Archived from the original on July 3, 2007. Retrieved July 3, 2007. ... we are ready to tackle the next major challenge—writing the grand climax of the saga that Frank Herbert left in his original notes sealed in a safe deposit box ... after we'd already decided what we wanted to write ... They opened up the safe deposit box and found inside the full and complete outline for Dune 7 ... Later, when Brian was cleaning out his garage, in the back he found ... over three thousand pages of Frank Herbert's other notes, background material, and character sketches.

    Adams, John Joseph (August 9, 2006). . SciFi.com. Archived from the original on December 19, 2007. Retrieved December 19, 2007. Anderson said that Frank Herbert's notes included a description of the story and a great deal of character background information. 'But having a roadmap of the U.S. and actually driving across the country are two different things,' he said. 'Brian and I had a lot to work with and a lot to expand...'

    Snider, John C. (August 2007). . SciFiDimensions.com. Archived from the original on March 24, 2008. Retrieved February 15, 2009. the co-authors have expanded on Herbert's brief outline

  6. ^ "Chronological Order of Dune Books". DuneNovels.com (official website). Retrieved November 9, 2022.
  7. ^ Herbert, Frank (1965). "Appendix II: The Religion of Dune". Dune. Mankind's movement through deep space placed a unique stamp on religion during the one hundred and ten centuries that preceded the Butlerian Jihad.
  8. ^ a b c Herbert, Frank (1965). "Terminology of the Imperium: Jihad, Butlerian". Dune. Jihad, Butlerian: (see also Great Revolt)—the crusade against computers, thinking machines, and conscious robots begun in 201 B.G. and concluded in 108 B.G. Its chief commandment remains in the O.C. Bible as 'Thou shalt not make a machine in the likeness of a human mind.'
  9. ^ Lorenzo, DiTommaso (November 1992). "History and Historical Effect in Frank Herbert's Dune". Science Fiction Studies. pp. 311–325. Retrieved July 21, 2009 – via DePauw.edu.
  10. ^ a b c d e f MacDonald, Rod (January 6, 2009). . SFCrowsnest.com. Archived from the original on June 15, 2013. Retrieved March 14, 2010.
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  12. ^ Herbert, Frank (1981). God Emperor of Dune. The target of the Jihad was a machine-attitude as much as the machines...Humans had set those machines to usurp our sense of beauty, our necessary selfdom out of which we make living judgments. Naturally, the machines were destroyed.
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  19. ^ Herbert, Frank (1965). Dune. We've a three-point civilization: the Imperial Household balanced against the Federated Great Houses of the Landsraad, and between them, the Guild with its damnable monopoly on interstellar transport.
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  45. ^ a b c d Ascher, Ian (2004). . DigitalWebbing.com. Archived from the original on July 3, 2007. Retrieved July 3, 2007. ... we are ready to tackle the next major challenge—writing the grand climax of the saga that Frank Herbert left in his original notes sealed in a safe deposit box ... after we'd already decided what we wanted to write ... They opened up the safe deposit box and found inside the full and complete outline for Dune 7 ... Later, when Brian was cleaning out his garage, in the back he found ... over three thousand pages of Frank Herbert's other notes, background material, and character sketches.
  46. ^ . Amazon.com. 2004. Archived from the original on April 9, 2009. Retrieved November 12, 2008. Brian was cleaning out his garage to make an office space and he found all these boxes that had 'Dune Notes' on the side. And we used a lot of them for our House books.
  47. ^ . Arrakis.ru. 2004. Archived from the original on September 8, 2012. Retrieved November 12, 2008. We had already started work on House Atreides ... After we already had our general outline written and the proposal sent to publishers, then we found the outlines and notes. (This necessitated some changes, of course.)
  48. ^ a b Neuman, Clayton (August 17, 2009). "Winds of Dune Author Brian Herbert on Flipping the Myth of Jihad". AMC. from the original on September 21, 2009. Retrieved June 16, 2020. I got a call from an estate attorney who asked me what I wanted to do with two safety deposit boxes of my dad's ... in them were the notes to Dune 7—it was a 30-page outline. So I went up in my attic and found another 1,000 pages of working notes.
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Relevant literature

  • Batt, Jason D. 2020. "Strange Water: An Exile into the Deep Self in Frank Herbert's Dune." Mythological Studies Journal 8:9-14.

External links

  • Official website
  • . DuneNovels.com. Archived from the original on August 2, 2008. Retrieved September 23, 2009.
  • Fischer, William (November 4, 2021). "How to Read the Dune Books in Chronological Order". Collider. Retrieved November 10, 2021.
  • Cobain, Craig T. (2002). "Frank Herbert". St. James Encyclopedia of Pop Culture. FindArticles.com. Retrieved March 17, 2010.
  • Dune Universe series listing at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database
  • Dune (series) at The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction.

May 02, 2023
dune, franchise, dune, also, known, dune, chronicles, american, science, fiction, media, franchise, that, originated, with, 1965, novel, dune, frank, herbert, continued, publications, dune, frequently, described, best, selling, science, fiction, novel, history. Dune also known as the Dune Chronicles is an American science fiction media franchise that originated with the 1965 novel Dune by Frank Herbert and has continued to add new publications Dune is frequently described as the best selling science fiction novel in history 1 2 It won the inaugural Nebula Award for Best Novel and the Hugo Award in 1966 and was later adapted into a 1984 film a 2000 television miniseries and a 2021 film The latter will be followed by a 2023 direct sequel Herbert wrote five sequels the first two of which were concomitantly adapted as a 2003 miniseries Dune has also inspired some traditional games and a series of video games Since 2009 the names of planets from the Dune novels have been adopted for the real world nomenclature of plains and other features on Saturn s moon Titan DuneCover of the collectible card game Dune 1997 Created byFrank HerbertOriginal workDune 1965 OwnerHerbert family through Herbert Properties LLC a with an additional license to Legendary EntertainmentPrint publicationsBook s The Illustrated Dune 1978 The Dune Encyclopedia 1984 The Making of Dune 1984 The Dune Storybook 1984 Songs of Muad dib 1992 The Road to Dune 2005 Tales of Dune 2011 Tales of Dune Expanded Edition 2017 Sands of Dune 2022 Novel s Frank Herbert Dune 1965 Dune Messiah 1969 Children of Dune 1976 God Emperor of Dune 1981 Heretics of Dune 1984 Chapterhouse Dune 1985 Brian Herbert Kevin J Anderson Prelude to Dune series House Atreides 1999 House Harkonnen 2000 House Corrino 2001 Legends of Dune series The Butlerian Jihad 2002 The Machine Crusade 2003 The Battle of Corrin 2004 Dune sequels Hunters of Dune 2006 Sandworms of Dune 2007 Heroes of Dune series Paul of Dune 2008 The Winds of Dune 2009 Great Schools of Dune series Sisterhood of Dune 2012 Mentats of Dune 2014 Navigators of Dune 2016 The Caladan Trilogy series The Duke of Caladan 2020 The Lady of Caladan 2021 The Heir of Caladan 2022 Short storiesFrank Herbert The Road to Dune 1985 Brian Herbert Kevin J Anderson A Whisper of Caladan Seas 2001 Hunting Harkonnens 2002 Whipping Mek 2003 The Faces of a Martyr 2004 Sea Child 2006 Treasure in the Sand 2006 Wedding Silk 2011 Red Plague 2016 The Waters of Kanly 2017 Dune Blood of the Sardaukar 2019 Dune The Edge of a Crysknife 2022 Dune Imperial Court 2022 ComicsDune The Official Comic Book 1984 Marvel Comics Super Special 36 Dune 1985 Dune 1985 series Dune House Atreides 2020 2022 series Frank Herbert s Dune The Graphic Novel Book 1 2020 Dune Blood of the Sardaukar 2021 Dune A Whisper of Caladan Seas 2021 Frank Herbert s Dune The Graphic Novel Book 2 Muad Dib 2022 Films and televisionFilm s Dune 1984 Dune Part One 2021 Dune Part Two 2023 forthcoming Television seriesFrank Herbert s Dune 2000 Frank Herbert s Children of Dune 2003 Dune The Sisterhood forthcoming GamesTraditionalAvalon Hill s Dune board game 1979 Parker Brothers Dune board game 1984 Dune card game 1997 Role playingDune Chronicles of the Imperium 2000 Dune Adventures in the Imperium 2021 Video game s Dune 1992 Dune II 1992 Dune 2000 1998 Emperor Battle for Dune 2001 Frank Herbert s Dune 2001 Dune Spice Wars 2022 Dune Awakening 2023 Forthcoming AudioSoundtrack s Dune 1984 Dune Spice Opera games 1992 Frank Herbert s Dune 2000 Emperor Battle for Dune 2001 Frank Herbert s Children of Dune 2003 Dune 2021 Frank Herbert died in 1986 Beginning in 1999 his son Brian Herbert and science fiction author Kevin J Anderson published several collections of prequel novels as well as two sequels that complete the original Dune series Hunters of Dune in 2006 and Sandworms of Dune in 2007 partially based on Frank Herbert s notes discovered a decade after his death 3 4 5 The political scientific and social fictional setting of Herbert s novels and derivative works is known as the Dune universe or Duniverse Set tens of thousands of years in the future the saga chronicles a civilization that has banned all thinking machines which include computers robots and artificial intelligence In their place civilization has developed advanced mental and physical disciplines as well as advanced technologies that adhere to the ban on computers Vital to this empire is the harsh desert planet Arrakis the only known source of the spice melange the most valuable substance in the universe For the similarities between some of Herbert s terms and ideas and actual words and concepts in the Arabic language as well as the series Islamic undertones and themes a Middle Eastern influence in Herbert s works has been widely noted Contents 1 Premise 2 Plot arc 2 1 The Butlerian Jihad 2 2 The Corrino led Imperium 2 3 The rise of the Atreides 2 4 The reign and fall of the God Emperor 2 5 The return from the Scattering 3 Development and publication 3 1 Original series 3 2 Brian Herbert and Kevin J Anderson 3 3 Short stories 4 By other authors 5 Themes and influences 5 1 Environmentalism and ecology 5 2 Declining empires 5 3 Heroism 5 4 Middle Eastern and Islamic influences 5 4 1 Additional linguistic and historic influences 5 5 Religion 6 Legacy 7 In other media 7 1 Films 7 2 Television series 7 3 Comics and graphic novels 7 4 Video games 7 5 Other games 8 Merchandising 9 See also 10 References 11 Relevant literature 12 External linksPremise EditThe Dune saga is set thousands of years in humanity s future Faster than light travel has been developed and humans have colonized a vast number of worlds However a great reaction against computers has resulted in a ban on any kind of thinking machine with the creation or possession of such punishable by immediate death Despite this prohibition humanity continues to develop and advance other branches of technology including ESP and instruments of war At the time of the first book s setting humanity has formed a feudal interstellar empire known as the Imperium run by several Great Houses that oversee various planets Of key interest is the planet Arrakis known as Dune A desert planet with nearly no precipitation it is the only planet where a special life extending drug melange or the spice can be found In addition to life extension melange enhances the mental capacity of humans it enables humans known as Mentats to perform complex calculations without the aid of computers allows for the mutated Spacing Guild pilots to navigate folded space and travel the distances between planets and triggers some of the powers of the Bene Gesserit a religious group that secretly seeks to control the direction humanity takes Melange is difficult to acquire not only due to the harsh environment of Arrakis but also the presence of giant sandworms that are drawn towards any rhythmic sounds on the sands of the desert Control of Arrakis its spice production and the impact on humanity s development become the centerpoints of a millennia long conflict that develops through the series Plot arc EditThe Dune universe set in the distant future of humanity has a history that stretches thousands of years some 15 000 years in total and covers considerable changes in political social and religious structure as well as technology Creative works set in the Dune universe can be said to fall into five general time periods The Butlerian Jihad Legends of Dune prequel trilogy 2002 2004 by Brian Herbert and Kevin J Anderson Great Schools of Dune 2014 2016 by Brian Herbert and Anderson The Corrino led Imperium Prelude to Dune prequel trilogy 1999 2001 by Brian Herbert and Anderson Heroes of Dune series 2008 2009 by Brian Herbert and Anderson The Caladan Trilogy 2020 2022 by Brian Herbert and Anderson The rise of the Atreides Dune 1965 Dune Messiah 1969 and Children of Dune 1976 by Frank Herbert Heroes of Dune series 2008 2009 by Brian Herbert and Anderson The reign and fall of the God Emperor God Emperor of Dune 1981 by Frank Herbert The return from the Scattering Heretics of Dune 1984 and Chapterhouse Dune 1985 by Frank Herbert Hunters of Dune 2006 and Sandworms of Dune 2007 by Brian Herbert and AndersonThe Butlerian Jihad Edit As explained in Dune the Butlerian Jihad is a conflict taking place over 11 000 years in the future 7 and over 10 000 years before the events of Dune which results in the total destruction of virtually all forms of computers thinking machines and conscious robots 8 With the prohibition Thou shalt not make a machine in the likeness of a human mind the creation of even the simplest thinking machines is outlawed and made taboo 8 which has a profound influence on the socio political and technological development of humanity in the Dune series 9 Herbert refers to the Jihad several times in the novels but does not give much detail on how he imagined the causes and nature of the conflict 10 Critical analysis has often associated the term with Samuel Butler and his 1863 essay Darwin among the Machines which advocated the destruction of all advanced machines 11 In Herbert s God Emperor of Dune 1981 Leto II Atreides indicates that the Jihad had been a semi religious social upheaval initiated by humans who felt repulsed by how guided and controlled they had become by machines 12 This technological reversal leads to the creation of the universal Orange Catholic Bible and the rise of a new feudal pan galactic empire that lasts for over 10 000 years before Herbert s series begins 13 14 Several secret societies also develop using eugenics programs intensive mental and physical training and pharmaceutical enhancements to hone human skills to an astonishing degree 13 Artificial insemination is also prohibited as explained in Dune Messiah 1969 when Paul Atreides negotiates with the Reverend Mother Gaius Helen Mohiam who is appalled by Paul s suggestion that he impregnate his consort in this manner 15 Herbert died in 1986 16 17 leaving his vision of the actual events of the Butlerian Jihad unexplored and open to speculation 10 The Legends of Dune prequel trilogy 2002 2004 by Brian Herbert and Kevin J Anderson presents the Jihad as a war between humans and the sentient machines they had created who rise up and nearly destroy humanity 18 The series explains that humanity had become entirely complacent and dependent upon thinking machines recognizing this weakness a group of ambitious militant humans calling themselves the Titans use this widespread reliance on machine intelligence to seize control of the entire universe 18 Their reign lasts for a century eventually they give too much access and power to the AI program Omnius which usurps control from the Titans themselves 10 18 Seeing no value in human life the thinking machines now including armies of robot soldiers and other aggressive machines dominate and enslave nearly all of humanity in the universe for 900 years until a jihad is ignited 10 This crusade against the machines lasts for nearly a century with much loss of human life but ultimately ending in human victory 18 The Corrino led Imperium Edit The golden lion is the symbol of House Corrino The ancient Battle of Corrin occurring 20 years after the end of the Butlerian Jihad spawns the Padishah Emperors of House Corrino who rule the known universe for millennia by controlling the Sardaukar a brutally efficient military force Ten thousand years later Imperial power is balanced by the assembly of noble houses called the Landsraad which enforces the Great Convention s ban on the use of atomics against human targets Though the power of the Corrinos is unrivaled by any individual House they are in constant competition with each other for political power and stakes in the omnipresent CHOAM company a directorship that controls the wealth of the entire Empire The third primary power in the universe is the Spacing Guild which monopolizes interstellar travel and banking Mutated Guild Navigators use the spice drug melange to successfully navigate folded space and safely guide enormous heighliner starships from planet to planet instantaneously 13 19 The matriarchal Bene Gesserit possess almost superhuman physical sensory and deductive powers developed through years of physical and mental conditioning While positioning themselves to serve humanity the Bene Gesserit pursue their goal to better the human race by subtly and secretly guiding and manipulating the affairs of others to serve their own purposes By the time of Dune they have secured a level of control over the current emperor Shaddam IV by marrying him to one of their own who intentionally bears him only daughters The Bene Gesserit also have a secret millennia long selective breeding program to bolster and preserve valuable skills and bloodlines as well as to produce a theoretical superhuman male they call the Kwisatz Haderach When Dune begins the Sisterhood are only one generation away from their desired individual having manipulated the threads of genes and power for thousands of years to produce the required confluence of events But Lady Jessica ordered by the Bene Gesserit to produce a daughter who would breed with the appropriate male to produce the Kwisatz Haderach instead bears a son unintentionally producing the Kwisatz Haderach a generation early 13 Human computers known as Mentats have been developed and perfected to replace the capacity for logical analysis lost through the prohibition of computers Through specific training they learn to enter a heightened mental state in which they can perform complex logical computations that are superior to those of the ancient thinking machines 20 The Bene Tleilax are amoral merchants who traffic in biological and genetically engineered products such as artificial eyes twisted Mentats and gholas Finally the Ixians produce cutting edge technology that seemingly complies with but pushes the boundaries of the prohibitions against thinking machines The Ixians are very secretive not only to protect their valuable hold on the industry but also to hide any methods or inventions that may breach the anti thinking machine protocols 13 Against this backdrop the Prelude to Dune prequel trilogy 1999 2001 chronicles the return from obscurity of House Atreides whose role in the Butlerian Jihad is all but forgotten The Imperial House schemes to gain full control of the Empire through the control of melange precisely at the time that the Bene Gesserit breeding program is nearing fruition 21 The rise of the Atreides Edit Atreides green and black banner in the form of a guidon pennant The red hawk is the symbol of House Atreides As Frank Herbert s Dune 1965 begins Duke Leto Atreides finds himself in a dangerous position The 81st Padishah Emperor Shaddam IV has put him in control of the desert planet Arrakis known as Dune which is the only source of the all important spice melange 22 The most valuable commodity in the known universe the spice not only makes safe and reliable interstellar travel possible but also prolongs life protects against disease and is used by the Bene Gesserit to enhance their abilities The potential financial gains for House Atreides are mitigated by the fact that mining melange from the desert surface of Arrakis is an expensive and hazardous undertaking thanks to the treacherous environment and constant threat of giant sandworms that protect the spice In addition Leto is aware that Shaddam feeling threatened by the rising power and influence of the Atreides has sent him into a trap Failure to meet or exceed the production volume of his predecessor the villainous Baron Vladimir Harkonnen will negatively affect the position of House Atreides in CHOAM which relies on spice profits 13 Further the very presence of the Atreides on Arrakis inflames the long simmering War of Assassins between House Atreides and House Harkonnen a feud ignited 10 000 years before when an Atreides had a Harkonnen banished for cowardice after the Butlerian Jihad 23 24 The little understood native population of Arrakis are the Fremen long overlooked by the Imperium Considered backward savages the Fremen are an extremely hardy people and exist in large numbers their culture built around the commodity of water which is extremely scarce on Arrakis The Fremen await the coming of a prophesied messiah not suspecting that this prophecy had been planted in their legends by the Missionaria Protectiva an arm of the Bene Gesserit dedicated to religious manipulation to ease the path of the Sisterhood when necessary In Dune the so called Arrakis Affair puts unexpected Kwisatz Haderach Paul Atreides in control of first the Fremen people and then Arrakis itself Absolute control over the spice supply allows Paul to depose Shaddam and become ruler of the known universe with Shaddam s eldest daughter Princess Irulan as his consort 13 With a bloody jihad subsequently unleashed across the universe in Paul s name but out of his control the Bene Gesserit Tleilaxu Spacing Guild and House Corrino conspire to dethrone him in Dune Messiah 1969 15 Though the plot fails the Atreides Empire continues to devolve in Children of Dune 1976 as the religion built around Paul falters Irulan s sister Wensicia conspires to place her son Farad n on the throne and Paul s twin heirs Leto II and Ghanima rise to power 25 The Heroes of Dune series 2008 2009 by Brian Herbert and Kevin J Anderson chronicles the major events that take place between Dune House Corrino 2001 and Dune The Duke of Caladan 2020 between Dune 1965 and Dune Messiah 1969 and between Dune Messiah and Children of Dune 1976 26 The reign and fall of the God Emperor Edit The blue griffin is the symbol of House Harkonnen At the time of God Emperor of Dune 1981 Paul s son the God Emperor Leto II Atreides has ruled the Empire for 3 500 years from the verdant face of a transformed Arrakis melange production has ceased Leto has forced the sandworms into extinction except for the larval sandtrout with which he had forged a symbiosis transforming him into a human sandworm hybrid Human civilization before his rule had suffered from twin weaknesses that it could be controlled by a single authority and that it was totally dependent upon melange found on only one planet in the known universe Leto s prescient visions had shown that humanity would be threatened by extinction in any number of ways his solution was to place humanity on his Golden Path a plan for humanity s survival Leto governs as a benevolent tyrant providing for his people s physical needs but denying them any spiritual outlets other than his own compulsory religion as well as maintaining a monopoly on spice and thus total control of its use Personal violence of any kind is banned as is nearly all space travel creating a pent up demand for freedom and travel The Bene Gesserit Ixians and Tleilaxu find themselves seeking ways to regain some of their former power or unseat Leto altogether Leto also conducts his own selective breeding program among the descendants of his twin sister Ghanima finally arriving at Siona daughter of Moneo whose actions are hidden from prescient vision Leto engineers his own assassination knowing it will result in rebellion and revolt but also in an explosion in travel and colonization The death of Leto s body also produces new sandtrout which will eventually give rise to a population of sandworms and a new cycle of spice production 27 The return from the Scattering Edit This section needs expansion You can help by adding to it February 2023 In the aftermath of the fall of the God Emperor chaos and severe famine on many worlds cause trillions of humans to set off into the freedom of unknown space and spread out across the universe This diaspora is later called the Scattering and combined with the invisibility of Atreides descendants to prescient vision assures that humanity has forever escaped the threat of total extinction At the time of Heretics of Dune 1984 and Chapterhouse Dune 1985 1500 years after Leto s death the turmoil is settling into a new pattern the balance of power in the Old Empire as it is now called rests among the Ixians the Bene Gesserit and the Tleilaxu The Spacing Guild has been forever weakened by the development of Ixian machines capable of navigation in foldspace practically replacing Guild Navigators The Bene Gesserit through manipulation of the Priesthood of the Divided God control the sandworms and their planet now called Rakis but the Tleilaxu have discovered how to produce melange using their axlotl tanks in quantities that greatly exceed natural melange harvests This balance of power is shattered by a large influx of people from the Scattering some fleeing persecution by an as yet unknown enemy Among the returning people the Bene Gesserit finds its match in a violent and corrupt matriarchal society known as the Honored Matres whom they suspect may be descended from some of their own sent out in the Scattering As a bitter and bloody war erupts between the orders it ultimately becomes clear that joining the two organizations into a single New Sisterhood with shared abilities is their best chance to fight the approaching enemy 28 29 Development and publication EditOriginal series Edit Herbert s interest in the desert setting of Dune and its challenges is attributed to research he began in 1957 for a never completed article about a United States Department of Agriculture experiment using poverty grasses to stabilize damaging sand dunes which could swallow whole cities lakes rivers and highways 30 Herbert spent the next five years researching writing and revising what would eventually become the novel Dune 30 which was initially serialized in Analog magazine as two shorter works Dune World 1963 and The Prophet of Dune 1965 31 The serialized version was expanded and reworked and rejected by more than 20 publishers before being published by Chilton Books a printing house best known for its auto repair manuals in 1965 32 Dune won the inaugural Nebula Award for Best Novel in 1966 and the 1966 Hugo Award 33 34 The novel has been translated into dozens of languages and has sold almost 20 million copies 35 Dune has been regularly cited as one of the world s best selling science fiction novels 1 2 A sequel Dune Messiah followed in 1969 36 A third novel called Children of Dune was published in 1976 and was later nominated for a Hugo Award 37 Children of Dune became the first hardcover best seller ever in the science fiction field 38 Parts of these two first sequels were written before Dune was completed 39 In 1978 Berkley Books published The Illustrated Dune an edition of Dune with 33 black and white sketch drawings and eight full color paintings by John Schoenherr who had done the cover art for the first printing of Dune and had illustrated the Analog serializations of Dune and Children of Dune 40 Herbert wrote in 1980 that though he had not spoken to Schoenherr prior to the artist creating the paintings the author was surprised to find that the artwork appeared exactly as he had imagined its fictional subjects including sandworms Baron Harkonnen and the Sardaukar 41 In 1981 Herbert released God Emperor of Dune which was ranked as the 11 hardcover fiction best seller of 1981 by Publishers Weekly 42 Heretics of Dune the 1984 New York Times 13 hardcover fiction best seller 43 was followed in quick succession by Chapterhouse Dune in 1985 44 Herbert died on February 11 1986 16 Brian Herbert and Kevin J Anderson Edit Over a decade after Herbert s death his son Brian Herbert enlisted science fiction author Kevin J Anderson to coauthor a trilogy of Dune prequel novels that would come to be called the Prelude to Dune series 45 Using some of Frank Herbert s own notes 45 46 the duo wrote Dune House Atreides 1999 Dune House Harkonnen 2000 and Dune House Corrino 2001 The series is set in the years immediately prior to the events of Dune This was followed with a second prequel trilogy called the Legends of Dune consisting of Dune The Butlerian Jihad 2002 Dune The Machine Crusade 2003 and Dune The Battle of Corrin 2004 These were set during the Butlerian Jihad an element of backstory that Frank Herbert had previously established as occurring 10 000 years before the events chronicled in Dune 10 Herbert s brief description of humanity s crusade against computers thinking machines and conscious robots 8 was expanded by Brian Herbert and Anderson in this series 10 With an outline for the first book of Prelude to Dune series written and a proposal sent to publishers 47 Brian Herbert had discovered his father s 30 page outline for a sequel to Chapterhouse Dune which the elder Herbert had dubbed Dune 7 48 After publishing their six prequel novels Brian Herbert and Anderson released Hunters of Dune 2006 and Sandworms of Dune 2007 which complete the original series and wrap up storylines that began with Frank Herbert s Heretics of Dune The Heroes of Dune series followed focusing on the time periods between Frank Herbert s original novels 45 49 50 51 The first book Paul of Dune was published in 2008 52 followed by The Winds of Dune 50 53 in 2009 54 The next two installments were to be called The Throne of Dune and Leto of Dune possibly changing to The Golden Path of Dune 55 but were postponed due to plans to publish a trilogy about the formation of the Bene Gesserit the Mentats the Suk doctors the Spacing Guild and the Navigators as well as the solidifying of the Corrino imperium 56 Sisterhood of Dune was released in 2012 56 followed by Mentats of Dune in 2014 In a 2009 interview Anderson stated that the third and final novel would be titled The Swordmasters of Dune 48 but by 2014 it had been renamed Navigators of Dune 57 and was published in 2016 In July 2020 Herbert and Anderson announced a new trilogy of prequel novels called The Caladan Trilogy The first novel in the series Dune The Duke of Caladan was published in October 2020 58 59 and the second Dune The Lady of Caladan was released in September 2021 60 61 The third novel Dune The Heir of Caladan was released on November 22 2022 62 Jon Michaud of The New Yorker wrote in 2013 The conversion of Dune into a franchise while pleasing readers and earning royalties for the Herbert estate has gone a long way toward obscuring the power of the original novel 22 Short stories Edit In 1985 Frank Herbert wrote an illustrated short work called The Road to Dune set sometime between the events of Dune and Dune Messiah Published in Herbert s short story collection Eye it takes the form of a guidebook for pilgrims to Arrakis and features images with descriptions of some of the devices and characters presented in the novels 63 Brian Herbert and Anderson have written eight Dune short stories and four Dune novellas most of them related to and published around their novels The eight short stories include Dune A Whisper of Caladan Seas 2001 Dune Hunting Harkonnens 2002 Dune Whipping Mek 2003 Dune The Faces of a Martyr 2004 Dune Sea Child 2006 Dune Treasure in the Sand 2006 Dune Wedding Silk 2008 and Dune Red Plague 2016 These eight short stories were published together in the 2017 collection Tales of Dune Expanded Edition The four novellas include Dune The Waters of Kanly 2017 Dune Blood of the Sardaukar 2019 Dune The Edge of a Crysknife 2022 and Dune Imperial Court 2022 The four novellas were published together in the collection Sands of Dune which released on July 28 2022 By other authors EditIn 1984 Herbert s publisher Putnam released The Dune Encyclopedia under its Berkley Books imprint 64 65 Approved by Herbert but not written by him this collection of essays by 43 contributors describes in invented detail many aspects of the Dune universe not found in the novels themselves 66 Herbert s estate later confirmed its non canonical status after Brian Herbert and Kevin J Anderson had begun publishing prequel novels that directly contradict The Dune Encyclopedia 67 The 1984 Dune film spawned The Dune Storybook September 1984 ISBN 0 399 12949 9 a novelization written by Joan D Vinge 65 68 and The Making of Dune December 1984 ISBN 0 425 07376 9 a making of book by Ed Naha 65 69 In November 1984 Pocket Books published National Lampoon s Doon by Ellis Weiner ISBN 0 671 54144 7 a parody novel 65 In May 1992 Ace Books published Songs of Muad dib ISBN 0 441 77427 X a collection of Dune related poems written by Frank Herbert and edited by his son Brian 65 70 Brian Herbert and Kevin J Anderson released The Road to Dune on August 11 2005 The book contains a novelette called Spice Planet an alternative version of Dune based on an outline by Frank Herbert a number of the Brian Herbert Anderson short stories and letters and unused chapters written by Frank Herbert 71 In the 1999 gazetteer The Stars and Planets of Frank Herbert s Dune A Gazetteer 1999 Joseph M Daniels estimates the distance from Earth in light years ly for many Dune planets based on the real life distances of the stars and planetary systems referenced by Frank Herbert when discussing these planets in the glossary of the novel Dune Though Herbert used the names of actual stars and planetary systems in his work there is no documentation supporting or disputing the assumption that he was in fact referring to these real life stars or systems 72 The Science of Dune 2008 analyzes and deconstructs many of Herbert s concepts and fictional inventions 73 74 75 Themes and influences EditThe Dune series is a landmark of soft science fiction Herbert deliberately suppressed technology in his Dune universe so he could address the politics of humanity rather than the future of humanity s technology Dune considers the way humans and their institutions might change over time 76 Jon Michaud of The New Yorker called the originating novel Dune an epic of political betrayal ecological brinkmanship and messianic deliverance 22 Director John Harrison who adapted Dune for Syfy s 2000 miniseries called the novel a universal and timeless reflection of the human condition and its moral dilemmas and said A lot of people refer to Dune as science fiction I never do I consider it an epic adventure in the classic storytelling tradition a story of myth and legend not unlike the Morte d Arthur or any messiah story It just happens to be set in the future The story is actually more relevant today than when Herbert wrote it In the 1960s there were just these two colossal superpowers duking it out Today we re living in a more feudal corporatized world more akin to Herbert s universe of separate families power centers and business interests all interrelated and kept together by the one commodity necessary to all 77 Novelist Brian Herbert Frank Herbert s son and biographer explained that Frank Herbert drew parallels used spectacular metaphors and extrapolated present conditions into world systems that seem entirely alien at first blush But close examination reveals they aren t so different from systems we know 78 He wrote that the invaluable drug melange represents among other things the finite resource of oil 78 Michaud explained Imagine a substance with the combined worldwide value of cocaine and petroleum and you will have some idea of the power of melange 22 Each chapter of Dune begins with an epigraph excerpted from the fictional writings of the character Princess Irulan In forms such as diary entries historical commentary biography quotations and philosophy these writings set tone and provide exposition context and other details intended by Herbert to enhance understanding of his complex fictional universe and themes 79 Michaud wrote in 2013 With daily reminders of the intensifying effects of global warming the spectre of a worldwide water shortage and continued political upheaval in the oil rich Middle East it is possible that Dune is even more relevant now than when it was first published 22 Praising Herbert s clever authorial decision to excise robots and computers two staples of the genre from his fictional universe he suggested that This de emphasis on technology throws the focus back on people It also allows for the presence of a religious mysticism uncommon in science fiction 22 Environmentalism and ecology Edit The originating novel Dune has been called the first planetary ecology novel on a grand scale 80 After the publication of Silent Spring by Rachel Carson in 1962 science fiction writers began treating the subject of ecological change and its consequences Dune responded in 1965 with its complex descriptions of life on Arrakis from giant sandworms for whom water is deadly to smaller mouse like life forms adapted to live with limited water Dune was followed in its creation of complex and unique ecologies by other science fiction books such as A Door into Ocean 1986 and Red Mars 1992 80 Environmentalists have pointed out that Dune s popularity as a novel depicting a planet as a complex almost living thing in combination with the first images of Earth from space being published in the same time period strongly influenced environmental movements such as the establishment of the international Earth Day 81 Declining empires Edit Lorenzo DiTommaso compared Dune s portrayal of the downfall of a galactic empire to Edward Gibbon s Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire which argues that Christianity allied with the profligacy of the Roman elite led to the fall of Ancient Rome In History and Historical Effect in Frank Herbert s Dune 1992 DiTommaso outlines similarities between the two works by highlighting the excesses of Padishah Emperor Shaddam IV on his home planet of Kaitain and of the Baron Harkonnen in his palace The Emperor loses his effectiveness as a ruler through an excess of ceremony and pomp The hairdressers and attendants he brings with him to Arrakis are even referred to as parasites The Baron Harkonnen is similarly corrupt materially indulgent and a sexual degenerate Gibbon s Decline and Fall partly blames the fall of Rome on the rise of Christianity Gibbon claimed that this exotic import from a conquered province weakened the soldiers of Rome and left it open to attack Similarly the Emperor s Sardaukar fighters are little match for the Fremen of Arrakis because of the Sardaukar s overconfidence and the Fremen s capacity for self sacrifice The Fremen put the community before themselves in every instance while the world outside wallows in luxury at the expense of others 82 The decline and long peace of the Empire sets the stage for revolution and renewal by genetic mixing of successful and unsuccessful groups through war a process culminating in the Jihad led by Paul Atreides described by Herbert as depicting war as a collective orgasm drawing on Norman Walter s 1950 The Sexual Cycle of Human Warfare These themes reappear in God Emperor of Dune s Scattering and Leto II s all female Fish Speaker army 83 84 Heroism Edit Brian Herbert wrote that Dune is a modern day conglomeration of familiar myths a tale in which great sandworms guard a precious treasure of melange that resembles the myth described by an unknown English poet in Beowulf the compelling tale of a fearsome fire dragon who guarded a great treasure hoard in a lair under cliffs 78 Paul s rise to superhuman status follows the hero s journey template after unfortunate circumstances are forced onto him he suffers a long period of hardship and exile and finally confronts and defeats the source of evil in his tale 85 86 As such Dune is representative of a general trend beginning in 1960s American science fiction in that it features a character who attains godlike status through scientific means 87 Frank Herbert said in 1979 The bottom line of the Dune trilogy is beware of heroes Much better to rely on your own judgment and your own mistakes 88 He wrote in 1985 Dune was aimed at this whole idea of the infallible leader because my view of history says that mistakes made by a leader or made in a leader s name are amplified by the numbers who follow without question 89 Juan A Prieto Pablos says Herbert achieves a new typology with Paul s superpowers differentiating the heroes of Dune from earlier heroes such as Superman van Vogt s Gilbert Gosseyn and Henry Kuttner s telepaths Unlike previous superheroes who acquire their powers suddenly and accidentally Paul s are the result of painful and slow personal progress And unlike other superheroes of the 1960s who are the exception among ordinary people in their respective worlds Herbert s characters grow their powers through the application of mystical philosophies and techniques For Herbert the ordinary person can develop incredible fighting skills Fremen Swordmasters of Ginaz and Sardaukar or mental abilities Bene Gesserit Mentats Spacing Guild Navigators 90 Middle Eastern and Islamic influences Edit Due to the similarities between some of Herbert s terms and ideas and actual words and concepts in the Arabic language as well as the series Islamic undertones and themes a Middle Eastern influence on Herbert s works has been noted repeatedly 91 92 As a foreigner who adopts the ways of a desert dwelling people and then leads them in a military capacity Paul Atreides character bears many similarities to the historical T E Lawrence 93 whose 1962 biopic Lawrence of Arabia has also been identified as an influence 94 Lesley Blanch s novel The Sabres of Paradise 1960 about Muslim resistance to the Russian Empire in the Caucasus has also been identified as a major influence upon Dune with its depiction of Imam Shamil and the Islamic culture of the Caucasus inspiring some of the themes characters events and terminology of Dune 95 96 Multiple proverbs recorded by Blanch s The Sabres as originating from the Caucasus Mountains are included in Dune such as polish comes from the city wisdom from the hills becoming polish comes from the cities wisdom from the desert for Arrakis 95 The environment of the desert planet Arrakis is similar to the Middle East particularly the Arabian Peninsula and Persian Gulf as well as Mexico The novel also contains references to the petroleum industries in the Arab states of the Persian Gulf as well as Mexico 97 The Fremen people of Arrakis were influenced by the Bedouin tribes of Arabia and the Mahdi messiah prophecy originates from Islamic eschatology 98 Inspiration is also adopted from medieval historian Ibn Khaldun s cyclical history and his dynastic concept in North Africa hinted by Herbert s reference to Khaldun s book Kitab al ʿibar The Book of Lessons as known among the Fremen 99 100 Additional linguistic and historic influences Edit In addition to Arabic Dune derives words and names from multiple other languages including Hebrew Navajo Latin Chakobsa the Nahuatl language of the Aztecs Greek Persian East Indian Russian Turkish Finnish Dutch and Old English 101 Through the inspiration from Lesley Blanch s The Sabres of Paradise there are also allusions to the tsarist era Russian nobility and Cossacks 95 Frank Herbert stated that bureaucracy that lasted long enough would become a hereditary nobility and a significant theme behind the aristocratic families in Dune was aristocratic bureaucracy which he saw as analogous to the Soviet Union 102 103 Religion Edit Brian Herbert called the Dune universe a spiritual melting pot noting that his father Frank Herbert incorporated elements of a variety of religions including Buddhism Sufi mysticism and other Islamic belief systems Catholicism Protestantism Judaism and Hinduism 104 He added that Frank Herbert s fictional future in which religious beliefs have combined into interesting forms represents the author s solution to eliminating arguments between religions each of which claim to have the one and only revelation 104 Frank Herbert writes that in the aftermath of the technology purging Butlerian Jihad the Bene Gesserit composed the Azhar Book which preserves the great secrets of the most ancient faiths 105 Soon after an ecumenical council created a syncretic religion defined by the Orange Catholic Bible which would become the primary orthodox religious text in the universe 105 Its title suggests a merging of Protestantism Orange Order and Catholicism 106 107 Herbert writes in the glossary of Dune Orange Catholic Bible the Accumulated Book the religious text produced by the Commission of Ecumenical Translators It contains elements of most ancient religions including the Maometh Saari Mahayana Christianity Zensunni Catholicism and Buddislamic traditions Its supreme commandment is considered to be Thou shalt not disfigure the soul 108 Early in his newspaper career Frank Herbert was introduced to Zen a school of Mahayana Buddhism by two Jungian psychologists Ralph and Irene Slattery who gave a crucial boost to his thinking 109 Zen teachings ultimately had a profound and continuing influence on Herbert s work 109 Throughout the Dune series and particularly in Dune Herbert employs concepts and forms borrowed from Zen Buddhism 22 109 110 The Fremen are Zensunni adherents and many of Herbert s epigraphs are Zen spirited 111 In Dune Genesis Frank Herbert wrote What especially pleases me is to see the interwoven themes the fuguelike relationships of images that exactly replay the way Dune took shape I involved myself with recurrent themes that turn into paradox The central paradox concerns the human vision of time What about Paul s gift of prescience the Presbyterian fixation For the Delphic Oracle to perform it must tangle itself in a web of predestination Yet predestination negates surprises and in fact sets up a mathematically enclosed universe whose limits are always inconsistent always encountering the unprovable It s like a koan a Zen mind breaker 41 The Bene Gesserit are shown to practice religious engineering through the Missionaria Protectiva which spreads contrived myths prophecies and superstition on primitive worlds so that the Sisterhood may later exploit those regions 112 Herbert suggests a process of wish fulfilling recognition of sacred texts created by the Bene Gesserit s master plan in a particular person and transforming events into common belief 113 In the novels the Fremen religion on Arrakis has been thus influenced allowing Paul to embody their prophesied messiah 114 Paul is agonized by visions of terrible jihad which will destroy the Imperium but he becomes Paul Muad Dib Mahdi of the Fremen accepting the role imposed by Bene Gesserit A new religion sweeps Paul to power 88 Between the events of Dune and Dune Messiah the name Muad Dib becomes a battle cry on the lips of the Fremen army that sweeps across the universe in a jihad in the name of Muad Dib s religion 115 The population of the universe sees Muad Dib as their god whether they like it or not and they cannot deny his power religiously 116 The Fremen culture is irreparably damaged by jihad the new religion takes shape of rituals that are dependent on Muad Dib s omnipresence 88 As Muad Dib Paul is the messiah and the Emperor King of Kings who gives himself to fate and becomes a martyr to his followers wanders blinded into the desert to die 88 later finding emancipation as a heretic of his own church as the Preacher 117 The regency of Paul s sister Alia and the Qizarate priests continue to promote Muad Dib s religion to help keep control of the universe ensuring that others do not oppose them 116 In his Golden Path Herbert presents an argument of how to create a healthy society avoiding despotism and hero worship a trap in which social groups can be caught To make a world where human kind can make its own future from moment to moment free from one man s vision Free from the perversion of the prophets words And free of future pre determined 117 Legacy EditThe political scientific and social fictional setting of Herbert s novels and derivative works is known as the Dune universe or Duniverse 75 118 119 Dune has been widely influential inspiring numerous novels music films television games and comic books 120 It is considered one of the greatest and most influential science fiction novels of all time with numerous modern science fiction works such as Star Wars owing their existence to Dune 98 Dune has also been referenced in numerous other works of popular culture such as Star Trek The Chronicles of Riddick The Kingkiller Chronicle and Futurama 121 Dune was cited as a major source of inspiration for Hayao Miyazaki s anime film Nausicaa of the Valley of the Wind 1984 122 Jon Michaud noted in 2013 in The New Yorker what s curious about Dune s stature is that it has not penetrated popular culture in the way that The Lord of the Rings and Star Wars have 22 He praised Herbert s clever authorial decision to excise robots and computers two staples of the genre from his fictional universe but suggested that this may be one explanation why Dune lacks true fandom among science fiction fans 22 Since 2009 the names of planets from the Dune novels have been adopted for the real world nomenclature of plains planitiae and complexes of valleys labyrinthi on Saturn s moon Titan 123 124 125 Planet names used to date include Arrakis Caladan Giedi Prime Kaitain Salusa Secundus and Tleilax 124 125 The Hagal dune field and other sites on Mars are informally named after planets mentioned in the Dune series 126 The city of Tacoma Washington Herbert s birthplace dedicated part of Point Defiance Park as the Dune Peninsula to honor the writer and the series 127 In other media EditFilms Edit Film U S release date Directed by Screenplay by Produced by DistributionDune December 14 1984 David Lynch Raffaella De Laurentiis Universal PicturesDune October 22 2021 Denis Villeneuve Jon Spaihts Denis Villeneuve and Eric Roth Mary Parent Denis Villeneuve Cale Boyter and Joe Caracciolo Jr Warner Bros PicturesDune Part Two November 3 2023Main articles Dune 1984 film Dune 2021 film and Dune Part Two In 1973 director and writer Alejandro Jodorowsky set about creating a cinematic adaptation taking over the option that producer Arthur P Jacobs had taken on the film adaptation rights in 1973 shortly before his death Jodorowsky approached among others Peter Gabriel the prog rock groups Pink Floyd and Magma for some of the music artists H R Giger and Jean Giraud for set and character design and Dan O Bannon for special effects Jodorowsky cast his own son Brontis Jodorowsky in the lead role of Paul Atreides Salvador Dali as Shaddam IV Padishah Emperor Amanda Lear as Princess Irulan Orson Welles as Baron Vladimir Harkonnen Gloria Swanson as Reverend Mother Gaius Helen Mohiam David Carradine as Duke Leto Atreides Geraldine Chaplin as Lady Jessica Alain Delon as Duncan Idaho Herve Villechaize as Gurney Halleck Udo Kier as Piter De Vries and Mick Jagger as Feyd Rautha 128 He began writing a vast script so expansive that the movie was thought to potentially last 14 hours The project nevertheless was scrapped for financial reasons leaving Jodorowsky s unfinished handwritten script in a notebook that was partially published as a facsimile in 2012 as part of the 100 Notes 100 Thoughts catalog of the 13th documenta exhibition 129 Frank Pavich directed a documentary about this unrealized project entitled Jodorowsky s Dune which premiered at the 2013 Cannes Film Festival in May 2013 130 and was released theatrically in March 2014 131 In 1984 Dino De Laurentiis and Universal Pictures released Dune a feature film adaptation of the novel by director and writer David Lynch 132 The film stars Kyle MacLachlan as Paul Atreides Jurgen Prochnow as Duke Leto Atreides Francesca Annis as Lady Jessica Sean Young as Chani Kenneth McMillan as Baron Vladimir Harkonnen Sian Phillips as Reverend Mother Gaius Helen Mohiam Max von Sydow as Doctor Kynes Sting as Feyd Rautha Freddie Jones as Thufir Hawat Richard Jordan as Duncan Idaho Everett McGill as Stilgar Patrick Stewart as Gurney Halleck Dean Stockwell as Doctor Wellington Yueh and Jose Ferrer as Padishah Emperor Shaddam IV 133 Although a commercial and critical failure upon release Frank Herbert himself was reportedly pleased with the movie as it stayed more faithful to the book than earlier movie adaptation attempts However he had his reservations on its failures at the time citing the lack of imagination in its marketing and estimated costs and some of the filmmaker s production techniques 89 In 2008 Paramount Pictures announced that they had a new feature film adaptation of Dune in development with Peter Berg set to direct 134 Berg dropped out of the project in October 2009 135 and director Pierre Morel was signed in January 2010 136 Paramount dropped the project in March 2011 137 138 In November 2016 Legendary Entertainment acquired the film and TV rights for Dune 139 140 Variety reported in December 2016 that Denis Villeneuve was in negotiations to direct the project 141 which was confirmed in February 2017 142 In early 2018 Villeneuve stated that his goal was to adapt the novel into a two part film series 143 He said in May 2018 that the first draft of the script had been finished 144 145 Villeneuve said Most of the main ideas of Star Wars are coming from Dune so it s going to be a challenge to tackle this The ambition is to do the Star Wars movie I never saw In a way it s Star Wars for adults 146 In July 2018 Brian Herbert confirmed that the latest draft of the screenplay covered approximately half of the novel Dune 147 Timothee Chalamet is to play Paul Atreides 148 Greig Fraser joined the project as cinematographer in December 2018 149 In September 2018 it was reported that Rebecca Ferguson was in talks to play Jessica Atreides 150 In January 2019 Dave Bautista 151 and Stellan Skarsgard 152 joined the production playing Glossu Rabban and Vladimir Harkonnen respectively It was reported later that month that Charlotte Rampling had been cast as Reverend Mother Mohiam 153 Oscar Isaac as Duke Leto 154 Zendaya as Chani 155 and Javier Bardem as Stilgar 156 In February 2019 Josh Brolin was cast as Gurney Halleck 157 Jason Momoa as Duncan Idaho 158 and David Dastmalchian as Piter De Vries 159 Filming began March 18 2019 and the film was shot on location in Budapest Hungary and Jordan 160 Distributed by Warner Bros Villeneuve s Dune was released on October 22 2021 161 162 Dune was a critical and commercial success leading Legendary Pictures to greenlight a sequel Dune Part Two within that week with a planned released date in November 2023 163 Television series Edit Series Season Episodes Originally aired Network Based onFirst aired Last airedFrank Herbert s Dune 1 3 December 3 2000 Sci Fi Channel DuneFrank Herbert s Children of Dune 1 3 March 16 2003 March 26 2003 Dune Messiah and Children of DuneDune The Sisterhood 1 TBA TBA TBA HBO Max Original inspired by Sisterhood of Dune Main articles Frank Herbert s Dune Frank Herbert s Children of Dune and Dune The Sisterhood The Sci Fi Channel now branded as Syfy premiered a three part miniseries adaptation called Frank Herbert s Dune on December 3 2000 77 Its March 16 2003 sequel Frank Herbert s Children of Dune combined both Dune Messiah and Children of Dune 164 165 As of 2004 both miniseries were two of the three highest rated programs ever to be broadcast on Syfy 45 Frank Herbert s Dune won two Primetime Emmy Awards in 2001 for Outstanding Cinematography for a Miniseries or Movie 166 and Outstanding Special Visual Effects for a Miniseries Movie or a Special 167 The miniseries was also nominated for an Emmy for Outstanding Sound Editing for a Miniseries Movie or a Special 168 Frank Herbert s Children of Dune won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Special Visual Effects for a Miniseries Movie or a Special in 2003 169 The miniseries was also nominated for Emmys for Outstanding Sound Editing for a Miniseries Movie or a Special 170 Outstanding Hairstyling for a Limited Series or Movie 170 and Outstanding Makeup for a Limited Series or Movie Non Prosthetic 171 In June 2019 it was announced that Legendary Television will be producing a spin off television series Dune The Sisterhood for WarnerMedia s streaming service HBO Max The series will focus on the Bene Gesserit and serve as a prequel to the 2021 film Villeneuve will direct the series pilot with Jon Spaihts writing the screenplay and both will serve as executive producers alongside Brian Herbert 172 Though he initially served as showrunner on November 5 2019 The Hollywood Reporter reported that Spaihts had stepped down from this position to focus more on the sequel to the 2021 film 173 Diane Ademu John had been hired as the new showrunner by July 2021 174 Comics and graphic novels Edit A comic adaptation of David Lynch s film Dune by writer Ralph Macchio and artist Bill Sienkiewicz was produced by Marvel Comics and was published in various formats On December 1 1984 it was published with Berkley in a small paperback as Dune The Official Comic Book ISBN 0 425 07623 7 65 It was later released as Marvel Super Special 36 Dune 175 on April 1 1985 and as a three issue limited comic series from Marvel entitled Dune from April to June 1985 65 176 In January 2020 Entertainment Weekly reported that Abrams Books was developing a three part graphic novel adaptation of Dune which will be the first time the novel has been published in this format The graphic novel will be written by Brian Herbert and Anderson and illustrated by Raul Allen and Patricia Martin with covers by Bill Sienkiewicz 177 In May 2020 Boom Studios was announced to have acquired the comic and graphic novel rights to the 1999 prequel novel Dune House Atreides with the intent of doing a 12 issue comic adaptation written by the original authors Brian Herbert and Anderson 178 In 2021 they announced another 12 issue comic series based on Brian Herbert and Kevin J Anderson s 2019 Dune short story Blood of the Sardaukar Video games Edit Main article List of games based on Dune To date there have been six licensed Dune computer and video games released The first was Dune 1992 from Cryo Interactive Virgin Interactive 179 180 Another game developed at the same time Westwood Studios Dune II 1992 is generally credited for popularizing and setting the template for the real time strategy genre of computer games 181 182 Dune II is considered to be among the most influential video games of all time 183 Dune 2000 1998 is a remake of Dune II from Intelligent Games Westwood Studios Virgin Interactive 184 Its sequel was the 3D video game Emperor Battle for Dune 2001 by Intelligent Games Westwood Studios Electronic Arts 185 186 The 3D game Frank Herbert s Dune 2001 by Cryo Interactive DreamCatcher Interactive is based on the 2000 Sci Fi Channel miniseries of the same name 187 188 On February 26 2019 Funcom announced that it was entering into an exclusive partnership with Legendary Entertainment to develop games related to the upcoming Dune films 189 The first game Dune Spice Wars developed by Shiro Games was released in early access on April 26 2022 190 Other games Edit Dune Imperium s designer Paul Dennen left at the booth promoting his game at Spiel des Jahres The board game Dune was released by Avalon Hill in 1979 191 192 followed by a Parker Brothers game Dune in 1984 193 A 1997 collectible card game called Dune 194 was followed by the role playing game Dune Chronicles of the Imperium in 2000 195 196 The 1979 Avalon Hill game was republished by Gale Force Nine in 2019 197 The board game Dune Imperium was published by Dire Wolf in 2021 198 In May 2021 a tabletop RPG Dune Adventures in the Imperium was released by Modiphius Entertainment 199 It won a Gold ENNIE Award for Best Writing and was also nominated for Product of the Year 200 Merchandising EditA line of Dune action figures from toy company LJN was released to lackluster sales in 1984 Styled after David Lynch s film the collection featured figures of Paul Atreides Baron Harkonnen Feyd Rabban Stilgar and a Sardaukar warrior plus a poseable sandworm several vehicles and weapons and a set of View Master stereoscope reels Figures of Gurney and Lady Jessica previewed in LJN s catalog were never produced 201 202 In 2006 SOTA Toys produced a Baron Harkonnen action figure for their Now Playing Presents line 202 In October 2019 Funko announced a Dune Classic line of POP vinyl figures the first of which are Paul in a stillsuit and Feyd in a blue jumpsuit styled after Lynch s film 203 204 An alternate version of Feyd in his blue loincloth was released for the 2019 New York Comic Con 205 Soundtrack albums have been released for the 1984 film the 2000 TV miniseries and the 2003 Children of Dune miniseries as well as the 1992 video game the 2001 computer game Emperor Battle for Dune and select tracks from the entire series of Dune video games 206 See also Edit Novels portalHydraulic empireReferences Edit formerly Herbert Limited Partnership a b Touponce William F 1988 Herbert s Reputation Frank Herbert Boston Massachusetts Twayne Publishers imprint G K Hall amp Co p 119 ISBN 0 8057 7514 5 Locus ran a poll of readers on April 15 1975 in which Dune was voted the all time best science fiction novel It has sold over ten million copies in numerous editions a b SCI FI Channel Auction to Benefit Reading Is Fundamental March 18 2003 Archived from the original on September 28 2007 Retrieved September 28 2007 via PNNonline org Since its debut in 1965 Frank Herbert s Dune has sold over 12 million copies worldwide making it the best selling science fiction novel of all time Frank Herbert s Dune saga is one of the greatest 20th Century contributions to literature Liptak Andrew September 13 2016 The authors of Navigators of Dune on building an epic lasting world The Verge Retrieved July 24 2019 Quinn Judy November 17 1997 Bantam Pays 3M for Dune Prequels by Herbert s Son Publishers Weekly Archived from the original on March 4 2016 Retrieved February 6 2014 The new prequels will be based on notes and outlines Frank Herbert left at his death in 1986 Anderson Kevin J December 16 2005 Dune 7 blog Conspiracy Theories Archived from the original on October 12 2007 Retrieved October 12 2008 via DuneNovels com Frank Herbert wrote a detailed outline for Dune 7 and he left extensive Dune 7 notes as well as stored boxes of his descriptions epigraphs chapters character backgrounds historical notes over a thousand pages worth Neuman Clayton August 17 2009 Winds of Dune Author Brian Herbert on Flipping the Myth of Jihad AMC Archived from the original on September 21 2009 Retrieved June 16 2020 I got a call from an estate attorney who asked me what I wanted to do with two safety deposit boxes of my dad s in them were the notes to Dune 7 it was a 30 page outline So I went up in my attic and found another 1 000 pages of working notes Before Dune After Frank Herbert Amazon com 2004 Archived from the original on April 9 2009 Retrieved November 12 2008 Brian was cleaning out his garage to make an office space and he found all these boxes that had Dune Notes on the side And we used a lot of them for our House books Interview with Brian Herbert and Kevin J Anderson Arrakis ru 2004 Archived from the original on September 8 2012 Retrieved November 12 2008 We had already started work on House Atreides After we already had our general outline written and the proposal sent to publishers then we found the outlines and notes This necessitated some changes of course Ascher Ian 2004 Kevin J Anderson Interview DigitalWebbing com Archived from the original on July 3 2007 Retrieved July 3 2007 we are ready to tackle the next major challenge writing the grand climax of the saga that Frank Herbert left in his original notes sealed in a safe deposit box after we d already decided what we wanted to write They opened up the safe deposit box and found inside the full and complete outline for Dune 7 Later when Brian was cleaning out his garage in the back he found over three thousand pages of Frank Herbert s other notes background material and character sketches Adams John Joseph August 9 2006 New Dune Books Resume Story SciFi com Archived from the original on December 19 2007 Retrieved December 19 2007 Anderson said that Frank Herbert s notes included a description of the story and a great deal of character background information But having a roadmap of the U S and actually driving across the country are two different things he said Brian and I had a lot to work with and a lot to expand Snider John C August 2007 Audiobook Review Hunters of Dune by Brian Herbert amp Kevin J Anderson SciFiDimensions com Archived from the original on March 24 2008 Retrieved February 15 2009 the co authors have expanded on Herbert s brief outline Chronological Order of Dune Books DuneNovels com official website Retrieved November 9 2022 Herbert Frank 1965 Appendix II The Religion of Dune Dune Mankind s movement through deep space placed a unique stamp on religion during the one hundred and ten centuries that preceded the Butlerian Jihad a b c Herbert Frank 1965 Terminology of the Imperium Jihad Butlerian Dune Jihad Butlerian see also Great Revolt the crusade against computers thinking machines and conscious robots begun in 201 B G and concluded in 108 B G Its chief commandment remains in the O C Bible as Thou shalt not make a machine in the likeness of a human mind Lorenzo DiTommaso November 1992 History and Historical Effect in Frank Herbert s Dune Science Fiction Studies pp 311 325 Retrieved July 21 2009 via DePauw edu a b c d e f MacDonald Rod January 6 2009 Review Dune The Butlerian Jihad by Brian Herbert amp Kevin J Anderson SFCrowsnest com Archived from the original on June 15 2013 Retrieved March 14 2010 Hsu Stephen March 29 2016 The Butlerian Jihad and Darwin among the Machines Retrieved December 26 2019 via spartanideas msu edu Herbert Frank 1981 God Emperor of Dune The target of the Jihad was a machine attitude as much as the machines Humans had set those machines to usurp our sense of beauty our necessary selfdom out of which we make living judgments Naturally the machines were destroyed a b c d e f g Herbert Frank 1965 Dune Torkos Attila December 2 2006 Official site Dune novels timeline BrianPHerbert com Archived from the original on April 13 2012 Retrieved December 26 2019 a b Herbert Frank 1969 Dune Messiah a b Frank Herbert author of sci fi best sellers dies Pittsburgh Post Gazette February 13 1986 Retrieved July 27 2009 permanent dead link Snider John C August 2007 Audiobook Review Sandworms of Dune by Brian Herbert amp Kevin J Anderson SciFiDimensions com Archived from the original on May 13 2008 Retrieved June 18 2009 a b c d Herbert Brian Kevin J Anderson 2002 2004 Legends of Dune Herbert Frank 1965 Dune We ve a three point civilization the Imperial Household balanced against the Federated Great Houses of the Landsraad and between them the Guild with its damnable monopoly on interstellar transport Bueno Rose July 30 2019 Who Are the Mentats in Dune Nerdist Retrieved July 31 2019 Herbert Brian Kevin J Anderson 1999 2001 Prelude to Dune a b c d e f g h i Michaud Jon July 12 2013 Dune Endures The New Yorker Retrieved August 18 2015 Herbert Frank 1965 Appendix IV The Almanak en Ashraf Selected Excerpts of the Noble Houses Vladimir Harkonnen the direct line male descendant of the Bashar Abulurd Harkonnen who was banished for cowardice after the Battle of Corrin Herbert Frank 1965 Dune The Baron cannot forget that Leto is a cousin of the royal blood no matter what the distance while the Harkonnen titles came out of the CHOAM pocketbook But the poison in him deep in his mind is the knowledge that an Atreides had a Harkonnen banished for cowardice after the Battle of Corrin Herbert Frank 1976 Children of Dune Herbert Brian Kevin J Anderson 2008 2009 Heroes of Dune Herbert Frank 1981 God Emperor of Dune Herbert Frank 1984 Heretics of Dune Herbert Frank 1985 Chapterhouse Dune a b Herbert Frank Herbert Brian Anderson Kevin J August 11 2005 They Stopped the Moving Sands The Road to Dune Tor Books pp 263 264 ISBN 0 7653 1295 6 The Letters of Dune The Road to Dune Tor Books 2005 pp 276 280 ISBN 0 7653 1295 6 The Letters of Dune The Road to Dune Tor Books 2005 p 281 ISBN 0 7653 1295 6 1965 Nebula Awards The Nebula Awards SFWA Archived from the original on May 12 2021 Retrieved March 8 2022 The Hugo Awards 1966 World Science Fiction Society 26 July 2007 Retrieved March 8 2011 Frank Herbert Macmillan Archived from the original on January 12 2016 Retrieved April 9 2019 Today the novel is more popular than ever It has been translated into dozens of languages and has sold almost 20 million copies Audio Book Review Dune Messiah by Frank Herbert Publishers Weekly October 2007 Retrieved October 2 2018 The Hugo Awards 1977 World Science Fiction Society Archived from the original on May 7 2011 Retrieved March 8 2011 Touponce William F 1988 Herbert s Reputation Frank Herbert Twayne Publishers p 119 ISBN 0 8057 7514 5 When Herbert completed the third book of the series Children of Dune 1976 it became an authentic hardcover best seller with seventy five thousand copies sold not including book club sales It was the first hardcover best seller in the science fiction field Herbert Frank 1976 When I Was Writing Dune Children of Dune 2008 ed Penguin Publishing Group ISBN 9781440630514 Retrieved May 24 2020 Love Jeff August 16 2013 Dune The Most Important Science Fiction Art Ever Omni Reboot Archived from the original on October 31 2014 Retrieved October 31 2014 a b Herbert Frank July 1980 Dune Genesis Omni Archived from the original on January 7 2012 Retrieved October 31 2014 via FrankHerbert org 20th Century American Bestsellers The Bowker Annual Publishers Weekly LIS Illinois edu Archived from the original on July 19 2011 Retrieved January 5 2010 McDowell Edwin January 18 1985 Publishing Top Sellers Among Books of 1984 The New York Times Retrieved January 5 2010 via NYTimes com Jonas Gerald June 16 1985 Science Fiction The New York Times Retrieved November 27 2013 via NYTimes com a b c d Ascher Ian 2004 Kevin J Anderson Interview DigitalWebbing com Archived from the original on July 3 2007 Retrieved July 3 2007 we are ready to tackle the next major challenge writing the grand climax of the saga that Frank Herbert left in his original notes sealed in a safe deposit box after we d already decided what we wanted to write They opened up the safe deposit box and found inside the full and complete outline for Dune 7 Later when Brian was cleaning out his garage in the back he found over three thousand pages of Frank Herbert s other notes background material and character sketches Before Dune After Frank Herbert Amazon com 2004 Archived from the original on April 9 2009 Retrieved November 12 2008 Brian was cleaning out his garage to make an office space and he found all these boxes that had Dune Notes on the side And we used a lot of them for our House books Interview with Brian Herbert and Kevin J Anderson Arrakis ru 2004 Archived from the original on September 8 2012 Retrieved November 12 2008 We had already started work on House Atreides After we already had our general outline written and the proposal sent to publishers then we found the outlines and notes This necessitated some changes of course a b Neuman Clayton August 17 2009 Winds of Dune Author Brian Herbert on Flipping the Myth of Jihad AMC Archived from the original on September 21 2009 Retrieved June 16 2020 I got a call from an estate attorney who asked me what I wanted to do with two safety deposit boxes of my dad s in them were the notes to Dune 7 it was a 30 page outline So I went up in my attic and found another 1 000 pages of working notes Kevin J Anderson interview Mir Fantastiki Arrakis ru 2004 Archived from the original on September 8 2012 Retrieved March 14 2010 a b Anderson Kevin J April 14 2008 Dune blog DuneNovels com Archived from the original on June 20 2008 Retrieved June 20 2008 Adams John Joseph August 9 2006 New Dune Books Resume Story SciFi com Internet Archive Archived from the original on June 15 2008 Retrieved June 15 2008 Herbert Brian Anderson Kevin J September 16 2008 Product Details Paul of Dune Tor Books ISBN 978 0765312945 Anderson Kevin J March 23 2007 Sandworms of Dune blog DuneNovels com Internet Archive Archived from the original on October 29 2007 Retrieved October 29 2007 Herbert Brian Anderson Kevin J August 4 2009 Product Details The Winds of Dune Tor Books ISBN 978 0765322722 Anderson Kevin J November 29 2009 Dune blog Official Story Chronology DuneNovels com Archived from the original on November 28 2013 Retrieved November 28 2013 a b Anderson Kevin J July 15 2010 Brainstorming The Sisterhood of Dune DuneNovels com Archived from the original on May 18 2011 Retrieved November 27 2013 Anderson Kevin J November 25 2014 Brainstorming NAVIGATORS OF DUNE KJAblog com Archived from the original on September 12 2015 Retrieved April 6 2016 Jennings Collier July 10 2020 New Dune Trilogy Launches in October With Publication of The Duke of Caladan Comic Book Resources Retrieved November 9 2021 Medina Joseph Jammer July 10 2020 Dune Is Getting a New Trilogy LRM Online Retrieved January 21 2021 Comtois James July 23 2021 The Duneiverse is expanding New books amp comics coming to spice up Dune world ahead of upcoming film SyFy Retrieved November 10 2021 Fischer William November 4 2021 How to Read the Dune Books in Chronological Order Collider Retrieved November 10 2021 Dune The Heir of Caladan Macmillan Retrieved December 7 2022 Herbert Frank 1985 The Road to Dune Eye ISBN 0 425 08398 5 McNelly Willis E June 1 1984 The Dune Encyclopedia ISBN 0 425 06813 7 a b c d e f g Dune related Books Arrakis co uk Archived from the original on 2009 08 13 Retrieved March 16 2010 Touponce William F 1988 Herbert s Reputation Frank Herbert Twayne Publishers p 124 ISBN 0 8057 7514 5 Herbert Brian Kevin J Anderson Dr Willis McNelly Frequently Asked Questions DuneNovels com Archived from the original on June 15 2008 Retrieved June 15 2008 The Dune Storybook 1984 by Joan D Vinge FantasticFiction co uk Retrieved March 17 2010 The Making of Dune 1984 by Ed Naha FantasticFiction co uk Archived from the original on January 7 2010 Retrieved March 17 2010 Songs of Muad dib FantasticFiction co uk Retrieved August 11 2008 Herbert Frank Herbert Brian Anderson Kevin J August 11 2005 The Road to Dune Tor Books ISBN 0 7653 1295 6 Daniels Joseph M 1999 The Stars and Planets of Frank Herbert s Dune A Gazetteer Retrieved August 26 2010 via Projectrho com Grazier Kevin R 2008 The Science of Dune Dallas TX BenBella Books ISBN 978 1 933771 28 1 The Science of Dune SmartPopBooks com January 2008 Retrieved September 13 2010 a b Evans Clay March 14 2008 Review Exploring Frank Herbert s Duniverse DailyCamera com Archived from the original on March 19 2008 Retrieved March 19 2008 Hanson Matt 2005 Building Sci fi Moviescapes The Science Behind the Fiction Gulf Professional Publishing ISBN 9780240807720 a b Stasio Marilyn December 3 2000 Cover Story Future Myths Adrift in the Sands of Time The New York Times Retrieved August 21 2015 a b c Herbert Frank 1965 Afterword by Brian Herbert Dune Kindle ed Penguin Group p 876 Edison David February 3 2014 Quotes from the End of the World Tor com Retrieved June 29 2014 a b James Edward Mendlesohn Farah 2003 The Cambridge Companion to Science Fiction Cambridge Cambridge University Press pp 183 184 ISBN 0 521 01657 6 France Robert L ed 2005 Facilitating Watershed Management Fostering Awareness and Stewardship Lanham Rowman amp Littlefield Publishers p 105 ISBN 0 7425 3364 6 Lorenzo DiTommaso November 1992 History and Historical Effect in Frank Herbert s Dune Science Fiction Studies DePauw University pp 311 325 Retrieved July 21 2009 Walter Norman 1950 The Sexual Cycle of Human Warfare Retrieved June 28 2019 via gwern net Herbert Frank December 1973 Listening To The Left Hand Harper s Retrieved June 28 2019 via jacurutu com Tilley E Allen February 1978 The Modes of Fiction A Plot Morphology College English 39 6 692 706 doi 10 2307 375873 JSTOR 375873 Hume Kathryn October 1974 Romance A Perdurable Pattern College English 36 2 129 146 doi 10 2307 374771 JSTOR 374771 Attebery Brian 2002 Decoding Gender in Science Fiction New York Routledge p 66 ISBN 0 415 93949 6 a b c d Clareson Thomas 1992 Understanding Contemporary American Science Fiction the Formative Period Columbia SC University of South Carolina Press pp 169 173 ISBN 0 87249 870 0 a b Herbert Frank 1985 Introduction Eye ISBN 0 425 08398 5 Prieto Pablos Juan A Spring 1991 The Ambivalent Hero of Contemporary Fantasy and Science Fiction Extrapolation University of Texas at Brownsville 32 1 64 80 doi 10 3828 extr 1991 32 1 64 Csicsery Ronay Jr Istvan November 28 2008 The Seven Beauties of Science Fiction Wesleyan ISBN 978 0819568892 Bahayeldin Khalid January 22 2004 Arabic and Islamic themes in Frank Herbert s Dune Baheyeldin com Retrieved July 21 2009 O Reilly Tim Chapter 3 From Concept to Fable Frank Herbert Retrieved December 27 2019 Lawrence of Arabia Is the Unlikely Prequel to Star Wars Dune And All Your Favorite Fantasy Epics New York Post 3 December 2015 Retrieved 14 June 2019 via Decider com a b c Collins Will September 16 2017 The Secret History of Dune Los Angeles Review of Books Retrieved October 20 2017 Jones Nate 2021 10 28 We Need to Talk About the Name Duncan Idaho Vulture Retrieved 2021 10 31 Lynch Tom Glotfelty Cheryll Armbruster Karla 2012 The Bioregional Imagination Literature Ecology and Place University of Georgia Press p 230 ISBN 9780820343679 a b Kunzru Hari 2015 07 03 Dune 50 years on how a science fiction novel changed the world The Guardian ISSN 0261 3077 Retrieved 2019 02 11 Hammond Joseph October 18 2021 Dune novels draw on Islamic motifs and have in turn inspired Muslim artists Religion News Service ISSN 0190 8286 Retrieved October 31 2021 Determann Jorg Matthias 2021 Islam science fiction and extraterrestrial life the culture of astrobiology in the Muslim world London p 97 ISBN 978 0 7556 0130 1 OCLC 1197808773 Herbert Frank 1965 Afterword by Brian Herbert Dune Kindle ed Penguin Group p 878 Tim O Reilly Frank Herbert Chapter 5 Rogue Gods O Reilly Media www oreilly com Retrieved 2021 11 07 Herbert Frank 1985 04 17 Frank Herbert speaking at UCLA 4 17 1985 YouTube University of California Los Angeles Comm Studies a b Herbert Frank 1965 Afterword by Brian Herbert Dune Amazon Kindle ed Penguin Group p 873 a b Herbert Frank 1965 Appendix II The Religion of Dune Dune Herbert Brian 2004 07 01 Dreamer of Dune The Biography of Frank Herbert Macmillan p 187 ISBN 9780765306470 Roberts A 2005 11 28 The History of Science Fiction Springer p 235 ISBN 9780230554658 Herbert Frank 1965 Terminology of the Imperium Orange Catholic Bible Dune a b c O Reilly Tim Chapter 2 Under Pressure Frank Herbert Retrieved March 26 2019 Unpublished interview with Frank Herbert and Professor Willis E McNelly February 3 1969 Retrieved March 21 2019 via sinanvural com Touponce 1988 Life and Intellectual Background Frank Herbert p 10 ISBN 0 8057 7514 5 Herbert Frank 1965 Terminology of the Imperium Missionaria Protectiva Dune Ericka Hoagland Reema Sarwal Andy Sawyer August 24 2010 Science Fiction Imperialism and the Third World Essays on Postcolonial Literature and Film McFarland pp 28 29 ISBN 978 0 7864 4789 3 Retrieved February 24 2011 Herbert Frank 1965 Appendix III Report on Bene Gesserit Motives and Purposes Dune Palumbo D 1998 The monomyth as fractal pattern in Frank Herbert s Dune novels Science Fiction Studies 25 3 433 458 JSTOR 4240724 a b Sherry Andrew Julie Dennison ed Dune Politics and Religion a b Kevin Williams Imperialism amp Globalization Lessons from Frank Herbert s Dune archived from the original on April 14 2013 Dune Remake Movie Explained What to Know About the Classic Sci Fi Novel IGN Retrieved July 28 2020 Reader Sam 2020 01 13 Frank Herbert s Dune Science Fiction s Greatest Epic Fantasy Novel Tor com Retrieved 2021 06 08 Roberts Adam 2000 Science Fiction New York Routledge pp 85 90 ISBN 0 415 19204 8 Bardinelli John 30 April 2015 Dune at 50 Pop Culture Is Hooked on Spice Barnes amp Noble Retrieved 13 April 2020 McCarthy Helen 1999 Hayao Miyazaki Master of Japanese Animation Stone Bridge Press pp 72 92 ISBN 1880656418 Blue Jennifer August 4 2009 USGS Astrogeology Hot Topics New Name Descriptor Term and Theme Approved for Use on Titan United States Geological Survey Archived from the original on November 1 2014 Retrieved September 8 2010 via Astrogeology usgs gov a b Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature Titan Planitiae United States Geological Survey Retrieved January 3 2015 via Planetarynames wr usgs gov a b Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature Titan Labyrinthi United States Geological Survey Retrieved January 3 2015 via Planetarynames wr usgs gov C J Hansen S Byrne G Portyankina M Bourke C Dundas A McEwen M Mellon A Pommerol N Thomas 2013 Observations of the northern seasonal polar cap on Mars I Spring sublimation activity and processes PDF Icarus Elsevier 225 2 881 897 Bibcode 2013Icar 225 881H doi 10 1016 j icarus 2012 09 024 Page 883 Table 1 Sites imaged systematically by HiRISE in study year 3 MY31 of seasonal campaign The names are informal some based on the sand dunes in the science fiction book Dune Krell Alexis July 6 2019 The Dune Peninsula and Frank Herbert Trail Tacoma s newest treasure are open Tacoma News Tribune Retrieved July 7 2019 Jodorowsky Alejandro 1985 Dune Le Film Que Vous Ne Verrez Jamais Dune The Film You Will Never See Metal Hurlant DuneInfo com Archived from the original on April 29 2011 Retrieved February 20 2017 Cantz Hatje Alejandro Jodorowsky Hatje Cantz Retrieved May 16 2014 Keslassy Elsa April 23 2013 U S Fare Looms Large in Directors Fortnight Variety Retrieved April 30 2013 Cecchini Mike August 25 2013 Jodorowsky s Dune Gets a Release Date From Sony Den of Geek Archived from the original on March 4 2016 Retrieved December 8 2014 Dune 1984 Box Office Mojo Retrieved January 15 2015 Maslin Janet December 14 1984 Movie Review Dune 1984 The New York Times Retrieved March 15 2010 Siegel Tatiana March 18 2008 Berg to direct Dune for Paramount 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Retrieved December 21 2016 Watters Bill February 1 2017 It s Official The Dune Reboot Has Found Its Director Bleeding Cool Retrieved February 1 2017 Bui Hoai Tran March 9 2018 At Least Two Dune Films Are Being Planned by Denis Villeneuve Film Retrieved May 21 2018 Bui Hoai Tran May 3 2018 The First Draft of Denis Villeneuve s Dune is Done Pre Production Begins Soon Film Retrieved July 16 2018 Lussier Marc Andre May 9 2018 Denis Villeneuve I m relaxed but I take my role seriously La Presse in French Retrieved July 16 2018 The director of Blade Runner 2049 has also revealed that a first version of the screenplay of Dune is now ready Taylor Foster Kim January 16 2018 Dune Adaptation Will Be Star Wars for Adults Says Director Fandom Wikia Inc Retrieved July 16 2018 Elderkin Beth July 25 2018 Denis Villeneuve s Dune Will Only Dive Into Half of the First Book io9 Retrieved July 26 2018 Sharf Zack September 27 2018 Timothee Chalamet Raves About Dune and Denis Villeneuve If You Do a Big Movie 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2021 Dune 2 a Go from Legendary Warner Bros The Hollywood Reporter Retrieved October 27 2021 Fritz Steve December 4 2000 Dune Remaking the Classic Novel Cinescape Archived from the original on March 16 2008 Retrieved March 14 2010 Asher Perrin Emmet September 19 2017 SyFy s Children of Dune Miniseries Delivers On Emotion When Philosophy Falls Flat Tor com Retrieved February 20 2019 Nominees Winners Outstanding Cinematography National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences Retrieved February 1 2019 Nominees Winners Outstanding Special Visual Effects National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences Retrieved February 1 2019 Nominees Winners Outstanding Sound Editing National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences Retrieved February 1 2019 Nominees Winners Outstanding Special Visual Effects National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences Retrieved February 1 2019 a b Nominees Winners Outstanding Sound Editing Hairstyling National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences Retrieved February 1 2019 Nominees Winners Outstanding Makeup National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences Retrieved February 1 2019 Otterson Joe June 10 2019 Dune Series Ordered at WarnerMedia Streaming Service Denis Villeneuve to Direct Variety Retrieved June 10 2019 Goldberg Lesley November 5 2019 Dune The Sisterhood Showrunner to Exit HBO Max Series The Hollywood Reporter Retrieved May 16 2020 Otterson Joe July 22 2021 Dune HBO Max Series Enlists Diane Ademu John as New Showrunner EXCLUSIVE Variety Retrieved July 22 2021 Issue Marvel Super Special 36 Grand Comics Database Retrieved January 10 2020 via comics org Series Dune Grand Comics Database Retrieved January 10 2020 via comics org Holub Christian January 7 2020 See exclusive first images from the Dune graphic novel Entertainment Weekly Retrieved January 10 2020 McMillan Graeme May 11 2020 Dune Prequel House Atreides Comic Adaptation in the Works The Hollywood Reporter Retrieved May 15 2020 Game Overview Dune 1992 MobyGames Retrieved March 17 2010 Review Dune 1992 Abandonia com Retrieved March 17 2010 Bates Bob 2003 Game Developer s Market Guide Thomson Course Technology p 141 ISBN 1 59200 104 1 Geryk Bruce May 19 2008 A History of Real Time Strategy Games Dune II GameSpot Archived from the original on June 28 2011 Retrieved January 4 2011 Loguidice Bill Barton Matt 2012 Spicing Up Strategy in Real Time Vintage Games An Insider Look at the History of Grand Theft Auto Super Mario and the Most Influential Games of All Time CRC Press pp 65 76 ISBN 978 1 136 13758 7 Game Overview Dune 2000 1998 MobyGames Retrieved March 17 2010 Game Overview Emperor Battle for Dune 2001 MobyGames Retrieved March 17 2010 Review Emperor Battle for Dune 2001 Guru3D com Archived from the original on January 18 2010 Retrieved March 17 2010 Game Overview Frank Herbert s Dune 2001 MobyGames Retrieved March 17 2010 Overview Cryo Interactive Entertainment MobyGames Retrieved March 17 2010 Funcom N V enters into exclusive partnership with Legendary Entertainment for games in the Dune universe Press release Funcom February 26 2019 Archived from the original on March 6 2019 Retrieved March 3 2019 Weber Rachel April 25 2022 Dune Spice Wars enters Early Access with sandworms strategy and serious lore GamesRadar Retrieved April 26 2022 Martin W Eric July 9 2011 Interview Peter Olotka on Cosmic Encounter and D ne BoardGameGeek Retrieved October 30 2019 Dune 1979 BoardGameGeek Retrieved October 30 2019 Dune 1984 BoardGameGeek Retrieved October 30 2019 Baumrucker Steven May 2003 Dune Classic CCG Scrye Archived from the original on May 3 2004 Retrieved October 30 2019 Guder Derek April 19 2001 Dune Chronicles of the Imperium Capsule Review RPG net Retrieved March 18 2010 D20 Product News Dune Wizards com 2000 Archived from the original on January 24 2001 Retrieved October 30 2019 Hall Charlie August 9 2019 The mythical Dune board game once lost to licensing hell is coming back Polygon Retrieved October 30 2019 Thrower Matt October 20 2021 Dune Imperium Review IGN Retrieved February 8 2022 Dune Adventures in the Imperium RPG review Dicebreaker May 6 2021 Retrieved September 14 2022 2022 Nominees and Winners ENNIE Awards Retrieved 2023 04 24 Daniels James January 12 2014 Toys We Miss The Long Forgotten Figures From Frank Herbert s Dune Nerd Bastards Retrieved October 30 2019 a b Toys Collectors of Dune Retrieved October 30 2019 Murphy Tyler October 20 2019 Funko Adds Dune to its Pop Line up Comic Book Resources Retrieved October 30 2019 Little Jesse October 18 2019 Coming Soon Pop Movies Dune Classic Funko Retrieved October 30 2019 Little Jesse September 4 2019 2019 NYCC Exclusive Reveals Dune Funko Retrieved October 30 2019 Frank Klepacki Dune Music Dune Behind The Scenes Archived from the original on 2007 01 25 Relevant literature EditBatt Jason D 2020 Strange Water An Exile into the Deep Self in Frank Herbert s Dune Mythological Studies Journal 8 9 14 External links EditOfficial website Comprehensive timeline of plot events in the Dune series DuneNovels com Archived from the original on August 2 2008 Retrieved September 23 2009 Fischer William November 4 2021 How to Read the Dune Books in Chronological Order Collider Retrieved November 10 2021 Cobain Craig T 2002 Frank Herbert St James Encyclopedia of Pop Culture FindArticles com Retrieved March 17 2010 Dune Universe series listing at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database Dune series at The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Dune franchise amp oldid 1151538732, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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