fbpx
Wikipedia

Air Canada

January 09, 2023

Air Canada is the flag carrier and the largest airline of Canada by size and passengers carried. Air Canada maintains its headquarters in the borough of Saint-Laurent, Montreal, Quebec. The airline, founded in 1937, provides scheduled and charter air transport for passengers and cargo to 222 destinations worldwide. It is a founding member of the Star Alliance.[7] Air Canada's major hubs are at Toronto Pearson International Airport (YYZ), Vancouver International Airport (YVR), and Montréal–Trudeau International Airport (YUL).[8] The airline's regional service is Air Canada Express.

Air Canada
IATA ICAO Callsign
AC ACA AIR CANADA
Founded10 April 1937; 85 years ago (1937-04-10) (as Trans-Canada Air Lines)
Commenced operations1 January 1965; 58 years ago (1965-01-01) (as Air Canada)
AOC #Canada 5262[1]
United States ARNF245C[2]
Hubs
Focus cities
Frequent-flyer programAeroplan
AllianceStar Alliance
Subsidiaries
Fleet size353 (Incl. subsidiaries)
Destinations222[3]
Traded asTSX: AC
HeadquartersSaint-Laurent, Quebec, Canada [4]
Key people
  • Vagn Sørensen (Chairman)
  • Michael Rousseau (President & CEO)[5]
Revenue CAN$5.833 billion (2020)[6]
Operating income –C$3.776 billion (2020)[6]
Net income –C$4.647 billion (2020)[6]
Total assets C$28.913 billion (2020)[6]
Employees30,000+ (2018)[3]
Websitewww.aircanada.com

Canada's national airline originated from the Canadian federal government's 1936 creation of Trans-Canada Air Lines (TCA), which began operating its first transcontinental flight routes in 1938. In 1965, TCA was renamed Air Canada following government approval. After the deregulation of the Canadian airline market in the 1980s, the airline was privatized in 1988. On 4 January 2000, Air Canada took over its largest rival, Canadian Airlines. In 2003, the airline filed for bankruptcy protection and in the following year emerged and reorganized under the holding company ACE Aviation Holdings Inc. In 2017, Air Canada flew 48 million passengers, as the airline celebrated its 80th anniversary.[9] In October 2021, the Government of Canada acquired 6.4% of Air Canada, and has not ruled out further investment.[10]

Air Canada has a fleet of Airbus A330, Boeing 777, and Boeing 787 Dreamliner wide-body aircraft on long-haul routes and uses the Airbus A320 family aircraft (including the A320 and A321 variants), Boeing 737 MAX 8, and Airbus A220-300 aircraft on short-haul routes. The carrier's operating divisions include Air Canada Cargo, Air Canada Express, Air Canada Jetz (private jet charters), and Air Canada Rouge (leisure airline). Its subsidiary, Air Canada Vacations, provides vacation packages to over 90 destinations. Together with its regional partners, the airline operates on average more than 1,613 scheduled flights daily.[8]

History

See also: History of aviation in Canada

Trans-Canada Air Lines (1937–1965)

Main article: Trans-Canada Air Lines

The predecessor of Air Canada, Trans-Canada Air Lines (TCA), was created by federal legislation as a subsidiary of Canadian National Railway (CNR) on 11 April 1937.[11][12] The newly created Department of Transport under Minister C. D. Howe desired an airline under government control to link cities on the Atlantic coast to those on the Pacific coast. Using $5 million in Crown seed money, two Lockheed Model 10 Electras and one Boeing Stearman biplane were purchased from Canadian Airways[13] and experienced airline executives from United Airlines and American Airlines were brought in.[11]

Passenger flights began on 1 September 1937, with an Electra carrying two passengers and mail from Vancouver to Seattle, a $14.20 round trip,[11] and, on 1 July 1938, TCA hired its first flight attendants.[14] Transcontinental routes from Montreal to Vancouver began on 1 April 1939, using 12 Lockheed Model 14 Super Electras and six Lockheed Model 18 Lodestars.[13] By January 1940, the airline had grown to about 579 employees.[14]

Canadian Pacific Airlines (CP Air) suggested in 1942 a merger with TCA. Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King rejected the proposal and introduced legislation regulating TCA as the only airline in Canada allowed to provide transcontinental flights. With the increase in air travel after World War II, CP Air was granted one coast-to-coast flight and a few international routes.[11]

Originally headquartered in Winnipeg, which was also the site of the national maintenance base, the federal government moved TCA's headquarters to Montreal in 1949; the maintenance base later also moved east. With the development of the ReserVec in 1953, TCA became the first airline in the world to use a computer reservation system with remote terminals.[15][16]

Renamed to Air Canada and early years (1965–1990)

Revenue passenger-kilometres, scheduled flights only, in millions
Year Traffic
1950 727
1955 1551
1960 3284
1965 5702
1969 9074
1971 10343
1975 16270
1980 23752
1985 21718
2000 448006
Source: ICAO Digest of Statistics for 1950–55, IATA World Air Transport Statistics 1960–2000

By 1964, TCA had grown to become Canada's national airline and, in 1964, Jean Chrétien submitted a private member's bill to change the name of the airline from Trans-Canada Airlines to Air Canada, which TCA had long used as its French-language name. This bill failed but it was later resubmitted and passed, with the name change taking effect on 1 January 1965.[13] Elizabeth II, the Queen of Canada, flew on the first aircraft to bear the name and livery of Air Canada when she departed for the United Kingdom at the end of her 1964 tour of Prince Edward Island, Quebec and Ontario.[17]

During the 1970s government regulations ensured Air Canada's dominance over domestic regional carriers and rival CP Air.[18] Short-haul carriers were each restricted to one of five regions, and could not compete directly with Air Canada and CP Air.[18] CP Air was subject to capacity limits on intercontinental flights, and restricted from domestic operations. Air Canada's fares were also subject to regulation by the government.[18]

 
An Air Canada Boeing 767-200 in the 1964-1992 livery

In 1976, with reorganization at CNR, Air Canada became an independent Crown corporation. The Air Canada Act of 1978 ensured that the carrier would compete on a more equal footing with rival regional airlines and CP Air, and ended the government's direct regulatory control over Air Canada's routings, fares, and services.[18] The act also transferred ownership from Canadian National Railway to a subsidiary of the national government.[11] Deregulation of the Canadian airline market, under the new National Transportation Act, 1987 officially opened the airline market in Canada to equal competition.[19] The carrier's fleet expansion saw the acquisition of Boeing 727, Boeing 747, and Lockheed Tristar jetliners.[16] In 1978 Judy Cameron became the first female pilot hired to fly for any major Canadian carrier when she was hired to fly by Air Canada.[20]

With new fleet expenditures outpacing earnings, Air Canada officials indicated that the carrier would need additional sources of capital to fund its modernization.[18] By 1985 the Canadian government was indicating a willingness to privatize both Canadian National Railways and Air Canada.[18] In 1988 Air Canada was privatized, and 43% of shares were sold on the public market,[13] with the initial public offering completed in October of that year.[18] By this time, long-haul rival CP Air had become Canadian Airlines International following its acquisition by Pacific Western Airlines.[16]

On 7 December 1987, Air Canada became the first airline in the world with a fleet-wide non-smoking policy,[21] and in 1989 became completely privatized.[13] The successful privatization program was led by the President and CEO, Pierre J Jeanniot. The associated extensive communication activities were aided by the Non-Executive Chairman, Claude I. Taylor.

Strategic changes (1990s)

 
An Air Canada Airbus A340-300 in Star Alliance livery, 1997. Air Canada was a founding member of the airline alliance, established in 1997.

In the early 1990s, Air Canada encountered financial difficulties as the airline industry slumped in the aftermath of the Persian Gulf War.[16] In response, the airline restructured management by hiring former Delta Air Lines executive Hollis L. Harris as its CEO. Harris restructured the airline's operations, reduced management positions, moved the corporate headquarters to Dorval Airport,[16] and sold the enRoute card business to Diners Club in 1992.[22] By 1994, Air Canada had returned to profitability.[16] The same year also saw the carrier winning route access to fly from Canada to the new Kansai Airport in Osaka, Japan.[16]

In 1995, taking advantage of a new US-Canada open skies agreement, Air Canada added 30 new trans-border routes.[16] In May 1997, Air Canada became a founding member of the Star Alliance, with the airline launching codeshares with several of the alliance's members. The second half of the 1990s saw the airline earn consistent profits, totalling $1 billion for the 1997 to 1999 period.[16]

On 2 September 1998, pilots for Air Canada launched the company's first pilots' strike,[23] demanding higher wages.[18] At the end of 1999, the Canadian government relaxed some of the aviation regulations, aimed at creating a consolidation of the Canadian airline industry. That year, American Airlines in conjunction with Canadian financial company Onex Corp, launched takeover bids for ailing rival Canadian Airlines and Air Canada, spurring Air Canada to submit a competing offer for its largest rival.[16]

Merger and reorganization (2000s)

 
A Boeing 737-275 with a hybrid Air Canada-Canadian Airlines International livery. The latter airline was acquired by Air Canada in 2001.

In January 2001, Air Canada acquired Canada's second-largest air carrier, Canadian Airlines International, merging the latter's operations, becoming the world's twelfth-largest airline in the first decade of the 21st century.[13] As Air Canada gained access to its former rival's financial statements, officials learned that the carrier was in worse financial shape than was previously believed.[18] An expedited merger strategy was pursued, but in summer 2000 integration efforts led to flight delays, luggage problems and other frustrations.[18] However, service improved following Air Canada officials' pledge to do so by January 2001.[18] The airline was confronted by the global aviation market downturn and increased competition, posting back-to-back losses in 2001 and 2002.[18]

Bankruptcy and restructuring

As Air Canada had employed a scorched earth policy to prevent the Onex proposed acquisition as one of its lines of defense, it had burdened itself with onerous contracts with almost all of its suppliers. As a result, on 1 April 2003, Air Canada filed for protection under the Companies' Creditors Arrangement Act; it emerged from this protection on 30 September 2004, 18 months later. During the period of bankruptcy protection, the company was subject to two competing bids from Cerberus Capital Management and Victor Li. The Cerberus bid would have seen former Prime Minister Brian Mulroney installed as chairman, being recruited by Cerberus' international advisory board chair Dan Quayle, the former vice-president of the United States. Cerberus was rejected because it had a reputation of changing existing employee pension agreements, a move strongly opposed by the CAW. At first, Air Canada selected Victor Li's Trinity Time Investments, which initially asked for a board veto and the chairmanship in return for investing $650 million in the airline. Li, who holds dual citizenship from Canada and Hong Kong, later demanded changes to the pension plan (which was not in his original takeover bid), but since the unions refused to budge, the bid was withdrawn.[24]

Finally, Deutsche Bank unveiled an $850 million financing package for Air Canada, if it would cut $200 million in annual costs in addition to the $1.1 billion that the unions agreed on in 2003. It was accepted after last-minute talks between CEO Robert Milton and CAW president Buzz Hargrove got the union concessions needed to let the bid go through.[13][25][26]

ACE Aviation Holdings became the new parent company under which the reorganized Air Canada was held.[27] However, in November 2012 ACE sold all shares and warrants it held in Air Canada.

In October 2004, Canadian singer Celine Dion became the face of Air Canada, hoping to relaunch the airline and draw in a more international market after 18 months of bankruptcy protection.[28] She recorded her single, You and I, which subsequently appeared in several Air Canada commercials.[29]

Fleet modernization

 
An Air Canada Boeing 787-8 in the 'Frosted Leaf' livery at Frankfurt Airport. In 2005, the airline ordered a number of Boeing 787-8s

On 31 October 2004, the last Air Canada Boeing 747 flight landed in Toronto from Frankfurt as AC873, ending 33 years of 747 service with the airline. The Boeing 747-400 fleet was replaced by the Airbus A340 fleet.[30] On 19 October 2004, Air Canada unveiled a new aircraft colour scheme and uniforms. A Boeing 767-300ER was painted in the new silver-blue colour, and the dark green/almost black tail was replaced with a new version of the maple leaf known as the 'Frosted Leaf'.[28]

On 9 November 2005, Air Canada agreed to renew its widebody fleet by purchasing 16 Boeing 777s (10 -300ERs, 6 -200LRs), and 14 Boeing 787-8s. It placed options on 18 Boeing 777s and 46 Boeing 787-8s and -9s.[31] Deliveries of the 777s began in March 2007 and deliveries of the 787s began in May 2014.[32]

On 24 April 2007, Air Canada exercised half of its options for the Boeing 787 Dreamliner. The firm order for the Dreamliners then stood at 37 plus 23 options, for a total of 60. The airline also cancelled orders for two Boeing 777Fs. In November 2007, Air Canada leased an additional Boeing 777-300ER.[33][34]

Project XM

Started in July 2006 and since completed, Project XM: Extreme Makeover, was a $300 million aircraft interior replacement project to install new cabins on all aircraft. New aircraft such as the Boeing 777 were delivered with the new cabins factory installed.[35]

 
Personal video on demand unit in economy class, 2008. The personal VOD units were installed throughout the airline's planes in the mid-2000s as a part of "Project XM".

New cabin features included:[36][37][38][39][40]

  • In Executive First, new horizontal fully flat Executive First Suites (on Boeing 767s, Boeing 777s, and Airbus A330s).
  • New cabins in all classes on all aircraft, with new entertainment options.
  • Personal AVOD (8.9 in or 230 mm touchscreen LCD) in Economy class (domestic and international) and Executive Class (domestic).
  • Larger AVOD (12 in or 300 mm touchscreen LCD) equipped with noise-cancelling Sennheiser headphones available in Executive First Suites.
  • Interactive games at all seats in Executive and Economy; XM Radio Canada available at every seat.
  • USB ports to recharge electronic devices and for game controllers at all seats; 120 VAC plugs in most seats; In Economy (2 per triple) (1 per double) (3 per quad). In First Class/Executive (All seats)

Late 2000s financial difficulties

High fuel prices and the Great Recession caused Air Canada significant financial difficulties in the late 2000s. In June 2008, the airline announced it would lay off over 2,000 employees and cut its capacity by 7 percent by the first quarter of 2009.[41] President and CEO Montie Brewer expressed confidence that the airline would weather the economic downturn.[42]

 
Calin Rovinescu in 2015. Rovinescu served as the CEO of Air Canada from 2009 to 2021.

Brewer resigned on 30 March 2009 and was replaced by Calin Rovinescu on 1 April.[43] Rovinescu became the first Canadian President since Claude Taylor in 1992. Rovinescu, reported to be "an enforcer", was Air Canada's chief restructuring officer during its 2003 bankruptcy; he resigned that year after unions rejected his demands.[44]

Federal finance minister Jim Flaherty appointed retired judge James Farley, who had presided over Air Canada's 2003 bankruptcy, to mediate pension issues between the company, the unions representing its employees, and retirees. The contracts with four of the unions also expired around this time. The airline stated that its $2.85 billion pension shortfall (which grew from $1.2 billion in 2007) was a "liquidity risk" in its first-quarter report, and it required new financing and pension "relief" to conserve cash for 2010 operations. The company was obligated to pay $650 million into the pension fund but it suffered a 2009 Q1 loss of $400 million, so it requested a moratorium on its pension payments in 2009. The unions had insisted on financial guarantees before agreeing on a deal. [45][46]

In July 2009, Air Canada requested and received CA$1 billion in financial aid from a consortium of entities, including the Canadian government, ACE, and associate company Aeroplan. The Centre for Aviation reported that only CA$600 million was actually loaned to Air Canada; the rest of the money was from sale-leaseback accounting and "aggregating an array of biscuit-tin savings".[47]

2010s

In December 2010, ACE sold 44 million Air Canada shares,[48] followed by the remaining 31 million shares in November 2012 to Cormark Securities Inc.[49]

In November 2014, Air Canada pilots voted by a majority of 84% in favour of a 10-year contract that allows the country's biggest passenger carrier to use arbitration or mediation to resolve disputes.[50] A year later, the flight attendants also approved a 10-year agreement, apparently by a narrow (unstated) margin, with wage increases, increased job security and improvements to working conditions, according to Michel Cournoyer, the head of CUPE's Air Canada unit.[51]

New branding and fleet

 
New livery for Air Canada's fleet, unveiled at Montréal–Trudeau International Airport in February 2017 with an Airbus A321

On 9 February 2017, a new retro red and black aircraft livery was launched, to coincide with Air Canada's 80th anniversary and Canada's 150th anniversary of Confederation. The update includes design aspects from the logo used between 1964 and 1992, with an overall white colour scheme, with a black underside, tail fin with red maple leaf rondelle, black "Air Canada" lettering with a red maple leaf rondelle underneath, and a black "mask" surrounding the cockpit windows.[52]

In December 2013, Air Canada ordered 61 Boeing 737 MAX single-aisle narrow body aircraft to replace its existing fleet of Airbus A320 series aircraft with the first MAX 8 variant delivered on 2 November 2017.[53][54] Some Airbus Airbus A319s will be transferred to Air Canada's Rouge subsidiary, with the remaining fleet retired. As part of the deal, Boeing purchased 25 Embraer E190s from Air Canada that were retired in 2016. The same year, Air Canada signed an agreement with Bombardier Aerospace to replace the E190s with Airbus A220/CSeries aircraft from 2019.[55]

In July 2017, Air Canada reintroduced Premium Economy on its North American wide-body flights.[56]

In April 2018, Air Canada rebranded its international business class cabin as Air Canada Signature Class.[57] Passengers could expect an enhanced menu, including the new Air Canada Signature Cocktail, in addition new amenity kits, a chauffeur service (using BMW vehicles) at its hubs during domestic to international connections, and access to the Air Canada Signature Suite at Toronto Pearson International Airport. On select North American routes, Air Canada Signature Service is offered on widebody aircraft.

In May 2018, Air Canada listed Taiwan as part of China to comply with a requirement of China's civil aviation administration.[58] On 6 June 2018, Air Canada and Air China signed a joint venture, the first joint venture between a North American and Chinese airline.[59]

Proposed acquisition of Transat A.T.

On 16 May 2019, Air Canada announced it is in exclusive talks to buy Transat A.T., the parent company that owns Air Transat, for 520 million Canadian dollars. On 27 June 2019, Transat A.T. agreed to be purchased by Air Canada for CA$13 per share. The deal is still subject to shareholder and regulatory approval. On 11 August 2019, Air Canada raised the purchase price of Transat A.T. to CA$18 per share. The overall value of the deal was now 720 million dollars. On 23 August 2019, 95% of Transat A.T. shareholders approved the acquisition by Air Canada on that basis. The plan was "expected to face intense scrutiny from the Competition Bureau and other regulatory authorities, including in Europe", according to CBC News.[60] The agreement was revised downwards in October 2020 to CA$5 per share, reflecting the challenges posed to the airline industry by the COVID-19 pandemic. The deal was dropped in April 2021 following a failure to secure European Commission approval.[61]

2020s

COVID-19 pandemic

Travel restrictions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic forced Air Canada to heavily restrict service. On 18 March 2020, the airline announced it would suspend most of its flights by 31 March.[62] Service began to return to normal on 22 May, with flights to more cities being added over the summer.[63] In its first quarterly financial report, Air Canada announced it had lost CA$1.05 billion, compared to a profit of CA$345 million in Q1 2019.[64] The airline similarly suffered in the third quarter, reporting a loss of CA$685 million. It stated capacity in the fourth quarter of the 2020 fiscal year would be 75 percent lower than the previous year.[65] In June 2022, after the provincial governments across the country began lifting pandemic-era restrictions, Air Canada announced it was cancelling over 150 daily flights in the summer due to unprecedented and unexpected pressure in the aviation industry.[66]

In April 2021, the Government of Canada acquired 6.4% of Air Canada as a part of a $5.9 billion COVID-19 related assistance package, and has not ruled out further investment.[10][67]

Corporate affairs

Ownership

Air Canada became fully privatized in 1989,[68] and its variable voting shares are traded on the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX:AC), and, since 29 July 2016, on OTCQX International Premier in the US under the single ticker symbol "ACDVF".[69] As of April 2021, the Government of Canada owns approximately 6.4% of Air Canada.[10][67]

Currently, the Air Canada Public Participation Act (ACPPA) limits ownership of Air Canada's voting interests by non-residents of Canada to a maximum of 25%. The Canada Transportation Act (CTA) also requires that Canadians own and control at least 75% of the voting interests of licensed Canadian carriers. Accordingly, Air Canada's articles contain restrictions to ensure that it remains "Canadian" as defined under the CTA.[8]

Executives

Prior to 1976, Air Canada was a department of the Canadian National Railway (CNR), helmed by a department head who reported to the President of CNR. Since 1976, the following have been CEO and President:[18]

Business trends

Air Canada had been loss-making for several years, but was profitable from 2012;[71] however, due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the company was again loss-making in 2020 due to the pandemic. The key trends for the Air Canada group, including Air Canada Express and Air Canada rouge, are (years ending 31 December):

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Operating revenue (C$m) 9,739 10,786 11,612 12,114 12,382 13,272 13,868 14,677 16,252 18,065 19,131 5,833
Net profits/losses after tax (C$m) −24 −24 −249 131 10 105 308 876 2,038 167 1,476 −4,647
Number of employees (average FTE) 22,900 23,200 23,700 24,000 24,500 24,400 24,900 26,100 27,800 29,900 32,900 21,100
Number of passengers (m) 30+ 32+ 33.9 34.9 35.8 38.5 41.1 44.8 48.1 50.9 51.5 13.8
Passenger load factor (%) 80.7 81.7 81.6 82.7 82.8 83.4 83.5 82.5 82.3 83.3 83.4 61.6
Number of aircraft (at year end) 332 328 331 351 352 364 370 381 395 400 403 344
Notes/sources [72] [72][73] [73] [71] [74] [75] [76] [77] [78] [79] [80] [a][81]
  1. ^ 2020: Activities and income in fiscal 2020 were severely reduced by the impact of the coronavirus pandemic

Headquarters

 
The Air Canada Centre at Montréal–Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport serves as the airline's headquarters.

By federal law (Air Canada Public Participation Act), Air Canada has been obligated to keep its head office in Montreal.[82][83] Its corporate headquarters is Air Canada Centre[84] (French: Centre Air Canada[85]), also known as La Rondelle ("The Puck" in French),[86] a 7-storey building located on the grounds of Montréal–Trudeau International Airport in Saint-Laurent.[87]

In 1975, Air Canada was headquartered at 1 Place Ville-Marie in Montreal.[88] In 1990, the airline moved its headquarters to the airport to cut costs.[89]

Subsidiaries

Air Canada Cargo

Air Canada Cargo is the company's freight carrying division based at Toronto-Pearson, offering more than 150 shipping destinations through the Air Canada airline network, ground logistics and airline partners.[90] Its route network has focused on European destinations through Eastern Canada departure points, along with direct services from Vancouver and Calgary to Frankfurt, London, Paris, and Zurich.[90]

In Toronto, a new cargo terminal was completed in early 2002 which featured modernised inventory and conveyor systems.[91] Cargo terminals are also found in Vancouver and Montreal.

Air Canada Express

Main article: Air Canada Express
 
An Embraer E175 in Air Canada Express livery. Operating regional feeder services, Air Canada Express is a subsidiary of Air Canada.

Air Canada Express is the brand name of Air Canada's regional feeder service operated by independent carrier Jazz Aviation.[92]

Air Canada Jetz

Main article: Air Canada Jetz

Launched in 2002, Air Canada Jetz is a charter service targeting sports teams, professional entertainers, and corporations. The Air Canada Jetz fleet consists of three Airbus A319s in an all business class configuration.[93] In February 2014, Air Canada decided to leave the sports charter business.[94] However, on 17 March 2015, Air Canada announced an agreement with several NHL teams to provide charter services under the Air Canada Jetz brand for six years starting from the 2015–2016 NHL season.[95]

Air Canada Rouge

Main article: Air Canada Rouge
 
Air Canada Rouge is a low-cost airline and subsidiary of Air Canada.

Launched in December 2012, Air Canada Rouge is a low-cost subsidiary of Air Canada. Air Canada Rouge serves predominantly leisure destinations in Europe, the Caribbean, South America, Central America, Mexico and the United States[96] using Airbus A319, Airbus A320, and Airbus A321.[97]

Air Canada Vacations

Air Canada Vacations is Air Canada's tour operator. All packages include accommodation, Aeroplan Miles and roundtrip airfare aboard Air Canada and/or its Star Alliance partners.

Air Canada Vacations offers Executive Class service on select flights, nonstop flights from major Canadian cities and daily flights to many destinations.[98][99]

Aeroplan

Main article: Aeroplan

Aeroplan is Air Canada's loyalty marketing program operated by Groupe Aeroplan Inc., which was spun off from Air Canada in 2005.[100] However, as of 26 November 2018, Air Canada has signed a definitive agreement to re-purchase Aeroplan from Aimia Inc.[101] Air Canada completed the purchase in January 2019.[102]

Former subsidiaries

Air Canada Jazz

Main article: Air Canada Jazz
 
Air Canada Jazz was a former subsidiary that operated as a regional airline. The subsidiary was spun off in 2006, although it continued to use the Air Canada brand until 2011.

In 2001, Air Canada consolidated its wholly owned regional carriers Air BC, Air Nova, Air Ontario, and Canadian Regional Airlines into Air Canada Regional Incorporated. Several of these air carriers had previously operated as an "Air Canada Connector". In 2002, the consolidation was completed with the creation of a new brand, Air Canada Jazz. Air Canada Jazz was spun off in November 2006. ACE Aviation Holdings is no longer a shareholder of Jazz Aviation LP, making it an independent company. Air Canada Jazz was the brand name of Air Canada's main regional product from 2002 to 2011. As of June 2011, the Air Canada Jazz brand is no longer being marketed as all regional operators adopted the Air Canada Express name. Jazz Aviation is the largest of these affiliates, operating 125 aircraft on behalf of Air Canada.[103]

Air Canada Tango

Main article: Air Canada Tango

On 1 November 2001, Air Canada launched Air Canada Tango, designed to offer no-frills service and lower fares using a dedicated fleet of 13 Airbus A320s in an all economy configuration of 159 seats. In Canada, it operated from Toronto to Vancouver, Calgary, Edmonton, Winnipeg, Regina, Saskatoon, Thunder Bay, Ottawa, Montreal, Halifax, Gander and St. John's. In addition, it operated non-stop service between Toronto and Fort Lauderdale, Orlando and Tampa; as well as non-stop service between Montreal and Fort Lauderdale and Orlando.[104] Tango was intended to compete with Canada 3000.[105] The Tango service was dissolved in 2004. Air Canada now calls its lowest fare class "Tango".[106] As of 2018, Air Canada has renamed the Tango fare class to Standard fare.[107]

Zip

Main article: Zip (airline)

In 2002, Air Canada launched a discount airline to compete directly with WestJet on routes in Western Canada. Zip operated ex-Canadian Airlines International 737-200s as a separate airline with its own staff and brightly painted aircraft. It was disbanded in 2004.[108]

Destinations

 
Air Canada's check-in counter at Hong Kong International Airport
Main article: List of Air Canada destinations

Air Canada flies to 64 domestic destinations and 158 international destinations across Asia, Africa, the Americas, Europe, and Oceania. Along with its regional partners, the carrier serves over 222 destinations in 47 countries, on six continents worldwide.[3]

Air Canada currently flies one fifth freedom route, São Paulo-Buenos Aires. Another fifth freedom route, London-Mumbai, will restart in November 2022. Air Canada had flown a number of fifth freedom routes (passenger and cargo rights between two non-Canadian destinations).[16] Past fifth freedom routes have included: Honolulu-Sydney, London Heathrow-Düsseldorf, Paris-Geneva, Paris-Munich, Paris-Berlin, Frankfurt-Zürich, Zürich-Zagreb, Zürich-Vienna, Zürich-Delhi, Manchester-Brussels, Lisbon-Madrid, Brussels-Prague, London Heathrow-Delhi, London Heathrow-Nice, London Heathrow-Mumbai-Singapore, Montego Bay-Kingston (KIN), and Santiago-Buenos Aires. However, these were replaced with nonstop routes: Vancouver-Sydney, Toronto-Munich, Toronto-Brussels, Toronto-Zürich, Vancouver-Zürich, Toronto-Vienna, Toronto-Delhi, Vancouver-Delhi, Toronto-Madrid, and Toronto-Mumbai.[109][110]

Codeshare agreements

Air Canada codeshares with the following airlines:[111]

Interline agreements

Air Canada have Interline agreements with the following airlines:[111]

Fleet

Main article: Air Canada fleet

As of January 2022, Air Canada operates a fleet of 168 aircraft, all Airbus and Boeing,[118][119] along with 114 more turboprop and Regional Jets flying under the Air Canada Express brand.

Services

Air Canada has three classes of service, Business/Signature, Premium Economy, and Economy. On most long-haul international and short-haul routes operated by widebody aircraft, Signature Class, Premium Economy, and Economy Class are offered;[38][40] most short-haul and domestic routes feature Business Class and Economy Class.[37][39] All mainline seats feature AVOD (Audio Video On Demand) and mood lighting. Air Canada Express features Business Class and Economy Class, on CRJ-900 and Embraer E175 aircraft; all other Air Canada Express aircraft have one-class economy cabins. All narrowbody mainline aircraft, as well as Air Canada Express CRJ-900 and Embraer E175 aircraft have onboard Wi-Fi installed, which is also being installed on all widebody aircraft.

In the spring of 1987, Air Canada enacted no-smoking flights between Canada and New York City as a test. After a survey reported that 96% of passengers supported the smoking ban, Air Canada extended the ban to other flights.[120]

Cabins

Signature Class

 
Classic pod
 
Executive pod
The airline's Signature Class has two types of pods, dependent on the type of aircraft.

Signature Class (initially Executive First) cabins is Air Canada's international business class product. It is offered on all widebody aircraft. There are two different cabins available: the Executive Pod and the Classic Pod.[40] All services feature AVOD (Audio Video On Demand) on a touch screen, noise cancelling headphones, and music provided by XM Satellite Radio.[121]

Executive Pods are featured on all Boeing 777s, 787s and are being rolled out on the Airbus A330-300s.[122][123] These seats feature electronic flat beds in a 1–2–1 reverse herringbone configuration with a 21-inch (53.3 cm) seat width and a 6-foot-7-inch (2.01 m) seat pitch.[40] AVOD is provided with an 18-inch (45.7 cm) touch screen.

Classic Pods feature electronic flat beds, in a 1–1–1 herringbone configuration these are being currently phased out on the Airbus A330-300s. The Classic Pods have a 21-inch (53.3 cm) seat width and a 6-foot-3-inch (1.91 m) seat pitch in a reverse-herringbone configuration.[40] AVOD is provided with a 12-inch (30.5 cm) touch screen.[40]

Regional Business Class

Business Class (initially Executive Class) is offered on all narrowbody aircraft, as well as Air Canada Express CRJ-900 and E175 aircraft. On CRJ-900 and E175 aircraft, the seat configuration is 1–2 abreast, with recline around 120°, and a width of 20 inches (0.51 m).[39] On Airbus and Boeing narrow-body aircraft, seat configuration is 2–2 abreast, with 124° recline, and 21 inches (0.53 m) width.[39] The seat pitch is 37 to 38 inches (0.94 to 0.97 m). All seats feature AVOD and music is provided by XM Satellite Radio.[39] On Trans-Atlantic flights operated with the Boeing 737 MAX 8, this cabin is sold as Premium Economy.

Premium Economy

 
Premium Economy seats in an Air Canada Boeing 787

Premium Economy is offered on all Airbus A330, Boeing 777, and Boeing 787 aircraft.[122] It features a larger seat and greater recline as compared to economy class, in a 2–4–2 configuration (Boeing 777) or 2–3–2 configuration (Airbus A330 and Boeing 787) with a 20-inch (0.508 m) (Boeing 777) or 19.5-inch (0.495 m) (Boeing 787) seat width and a 37 to 38 inches (0.94 to 0.97 m) seat pitch. Entertainment is personal AVOD (Audio Video On Demand), while music is provided by XM Satellite Radio.[124]

Air Canada Rouge operates flights on its aircraft with a premium economy class product, branded as Premium Rouge. This is sold as a business class product on Rouge flights within North America.

Economy Class

 
Economy seats on an Air Canada Boeing 737 Max

In Economy Class (initially Hospitality Service), seats are pitched 30 to 32 inches (0.76 to 0.81 m) with a width of 17.2 to 18.5 inches (0.44 to 0.47 m) and a recline to 3 to 6 inches (0.076 to 0.152 m).[38] On Air Canada Rouge aircraft, seats are pitched 29 to 30 inches (0.74 to 0.76 m) with a width of 17.5 to 18 inches (0.44 to 0.46 m) and 3 to 5 inches (0.076 to 0.127 m) of recline and does not feature any IFE system (In Flight Entertainment). Configuration is 3–4–3 on the Boeing 777, 3–3–3 on the Boeing 787, 2–4–2 on the Airbus A330, 3–3 on the Boeing 737 MAX and the Airbus A320 family, 2–3 on the Airbus A220, and 2–2 on Bombardier, De Havilland, and Embraer aircraft. All Airbus, Boeing, and Embraer aircraft, as well as the CRJ900 are fitted with personal AVOD (audio-video on demand). Music is provided by XM Satellite Radio.[38]

Complimentary meals are offered on all international flights outside of North America. For domestic, North American, sun destination and Caribbean flights, food and alcoholic beverages can be purchased through Air Canada Bistro (GuestLogix point of sale terminals are used) while non-alcoholic beverages are complimentary.

On all narrowbody aircraft and newly renovated A330s, there is an extra legroom Preferred Seat section in the first few rows and bulkhead and exit rows afterward of the economy cabin which provides up to 4 inches (0.10 m) more seat pitch (approx. 34 to 36 inches (0.86 to 0.91 m), aircraft dependent). All Air Canada Rouge planes offer Rouge Plus seats, which are identical to the Preferred Seats, but with up to 6 inches (0.15 m) more seat pitch (35" on A319s and 36" on 767s) as well as an additional 2 inches (0.051 m) of recline.

Air Canada Express

Air Canada Express flights operated by CRJ200 and Q400 aircraft offer a bar and refreshment service on board. The CRJ900 and E175 features Business Class and personal AVOD at every seat. Flights on board the E175, CRJ200/900 and Q400 which are 90 minutes or more feature Onboard Café.

Cabin crew

On 9 February 2017, a new uniform scheme coinciding with Canada's 150th and Air Canada's 80th anniversaries was unveiled. Air Canada partnered with Vancouver-born fashion designer Christopher Bates to design the new uniforms which incorporate a base colour of black or grey with red lettering and the famous maple leaf.[125]

Between 2004 and 2017, Air Canada uniforms used a midnight blue colour. The uniforms were designed by Canadian fashion designer Debbie Shuchat. At a presentation in the Toronto Airport hangar, Celine Dion helped the newly solvent airline debut its new image.[28]

Lounge

 
The Maple Leaf Lounge at Toronto Pearson International Airport. The lounge is one of 23 operated by Air Canada.

Air Canada has 23 Maple Leaf Lounges[126] located at all major airports across Canada and at international locations including London-Heathrow, Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Frankfurt, Los Angeles, Newark and New York-LaGuardia.[127] The Maple Leaf Lounges are available to passengers holding a same day ticket on Air Canada in Business Class, Star Alliance Gold Members, Air Canada Super Elite, Air Canada Elite, Air Canada Maple Leaf Club members, American Express Maple Leaf Club members, American Express AeroplanPlus Platinum holders, holders of a one time guest pass or economy passengers who have purchased lounge access during booking.[128]

Air Canada shares an Arrivals Lounge at London Heathrow Terminal 2 with some other Star Alliance members. It is available to eligible passengers arriving into London from any Air Canada international flight, holding a confirmed same-day overseas travel boarding card. Eligible groups include Business Class Passengers, Air Canada Super Elite, Air Canada Elite, Air Canada Maple Leaf Club Members or American Express Maple Leaf Club.[129]

Travellers who hold paid memberships to affiliated Star Alliance lounges, such as the United Club, are also eligible for access to Maple Leaf Lounges.[130]

Frequent flyer program

Main article: Aeroplan

Aeroplan is Air Canada's frequent flyer rewards program, both allowing for points collection and spending, as well as status and rewards as an Air Canada customer. After Air Canada and Aeroplan changed the division of points collection and redemption, Air Canada introduced an internal rewards program, Altitude. The two programs operate in conjunction.

On 11 May 2017, Air Canada announced it plans to launch a new loyalty program to replace Aeroplan and Altitude in 2020.[131] On 10 January 2019, Air Canada re-acquired Aeroplan from Aimia.[132][133] In 2020, Air Canada Altitude and Aeroplan merged, with Aeroplan as the surviving entity.[134]

In Oct 2022, Air Canada announce some benefit changes for the 35K, 50K, and 75K member benefits. Starting from June 1st, 2023 the 35K members will no longer have free Maple Leaf Lounge access, instead, 35K members will have more improvement for their select benefit. The 50K and 75K and Super Elite members now will get a free Virgin Australia lounge. [135]

Air Canada Altitude

 
A priority check-in queue at Beijing Capital International Airport for members of "Air Canada Altitude", the airline's frequent flyers program.

On 20 September 2012, Air Canada unveiled its new frequent flyer status program named "Air Canada Altitude" to supplement Aeroplan. Aeroplan remained the frequent flyer rewards program, collecting miles which can be "spent", whereas status level is determined by Altitude standing.

There are five levels of membership in Air Canada's Altitude Program: Basic, Prestige 25K, Elite 35K, Elite 50K, Elite 75K and Super Elite 100K. The latter three are called "Top Tier" membership levels and provide travel benefits such as upgrades, lounge access, priority services (e.g., check-in, luggage handling), and bonuses when earning miles through air travel. In order to qualify for these levels, a member must earn, through flight activities, a certain number of miles or a certain number of segments and spending some level of money. Altitude refers to these as Altitude Qualifying Miles (AQM), Segments (AQS), and Dollars (AQD).

Prestige members and Altitude Elite 35 K receive Star Alliance Silver status, while Elite 50K, Elite 75K, and Super Elite 100K members receive Star Alliance Gold status.

Air Canada Status Miles are calculated on an annual basis to determine Altitude Membership Status for the following benefit year (1 March through 28 February). At the 35K and above levels, that level of status is granted when achieved, for the remainder of the current year, as well as for the next year.

This coincides with the alliance with Star Alliance, and this can give Star Alliance Gold passengers access to any Star Alliance lounge and discounts or upgrades on another Star Alliance member.

On 8 November 2020, Air Canada Altitude renamed as Aeroplan Elite Status. Altitude Qualifying Miles (AQM), Segments (AQS), and Dollars (AQD) have been replaced by Status Qualifying Miles (SQM), Segments (SQS), and Dollars (SQD).[136]

Status requirements

Beginning 1 January 2016, for the 2017 status year, Air Canada began requiring a minimum spend level for each level, Altitude Qualifying Dollars. In 2021, the Altitude program has been replaced by the Aeroplan program. The requirements for 2021 are currently at:

  • Aeroplan 25K: 25,000 SQM or 25 SQS and $3,000 SQD
  • Aeroplan 35K: 35,000 SQM or 35 SQS and $4,000 SQD
  • Aeroplan 50K: 50,000 SQM or 50 SQS and $6,000 SQD
  • Aeroplan 75K: 75,000 SQM or 75 SQS and $9,000 SQD
  • Aeroplan Super Elite: 100,000 SQM or 95 SQS and $20,000 SQD

Accidents and incidents

For incidents before 1963, see Trans-Canada Air Lines § Accidents and incidents.
Date Flight number Description
13 June 1964
3277
 Vickers Viscount registration CF-THT was damaged beyond economical repair when it crash-landed at Toronto Airport after the failure of two engines on approach.[137]
19 May 1967
 McDonnell Douglas DC-8-54F CF-TJM crashed and burned on a training flight while making a three-engine landing at Ottawa, Ontario. All three crew members were killed. There were no passengers on the flight.[138]
11 September 1968
 A Vickers Viscount of Air Canada was hijacked by a Cuban passenger.[139]
7 April 1969
 Vickers Viscount registration CF-THK was damaged beyond economic repair by a fire which occurred on takeoff from Sept-Îles Airport. The aircraft landed back at Sept-Îles, but one passenger was killed in the fire.[140]
1 March 1970
106
 Vickers Viscount CF-THY collided in mid-air with Ercoupe 415 CF-SHN on approach to Vancouver International Airport. The Ercoupe pilot was killed.[141]
5 July 1970
621
 McDonnell Douglas DC-8-63 registration CF-TIW exploded from a fuel line rupture caused by engine 4 striking the runway in Toronto, Ontario, during a landing attempt. All 109 passengers/crew were killed.[142]
26 December 1971
932
 McDonnell Douglas DC-9-32, Flight departed Thunder Bay, Ontario for Toronto, Ontario. Hijacker Patric Dolan Critton passed a note 20 minutes before landing that read: "Think. We have fragmentary grenades, and a .38 caliber revolver. Take me to the captain. We're going to Havana. This is no joke." The hijacker permitted the 82 passengers on board to get off the aircraft before the flight was rerouted to Cuba. After leaving the hijacker in Havana, the Air Canada aircraft safely returned to Toronto. Critton was arrested in New York on other charges in 2001 and, after serving his sentence, was extradited to Canada where he was charged with kidnapping. In 1971 there was no offence of hijacking in the Canadian Criminal Code. He was sentenced to five years in prison but was released on parole after serving two years.[143][144]
21 June 1973
890
 McDonnell Douglas DC-8-53, registration CF-TIJ caught fire and was burnt out during refuelling at Terminal 2, Toronto Pearson International Airport, Ontario; no fatalities.[145]
26 June 1978
189
 McDonnell Douglas DC-9-32, registration CF-TLV overran the runway in Toronto after a blown tire aborted the takeoff. Two of the 107 people on board were killed.[146]
17 September 1979
680
 McDonnell Douglas DC-9-32, registration C-FTLU left Logan International Airport in Boston, MA for Yarmouth, NS as Flight 680. Approximately 14 minutes after takeoff, the entire tailcone section of the aircraft separated resulting in rapid decompression at an altitude of 25,000 feet (7,600 m), leaving a large hole in the rear fuselage. A beverage cart and other items in the cabin were blown out of the aircraft over the Atlantic Ocean, but there were no fatalities or significant injuries. The aircraft safely returned to Boston. Fatigue cracks were determined to be the cause. This same aircraft would be destroyed by a fire nearly four years later on 2 June 1983 as Air Canada Flight 797.[147][148]
2 June 1982
 McDonnell Douglas DC-9-32 registration C-FTLY exploded during a maintenance period in Montreal, Quebec; no fatalities.[149]
2 June 1983
797
 McDonnell Douglas DC-9-32 C-FTLU had an electrical fire in the aft lavatory during flight, resulting in an emergency landing at Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport. During the emergency evacuation, the sudden influx of oxygen caused a flash fire throughout the cabin, resulting in the deaths of 23 of the 41 passengers, including Canadian folk singer Stan Rogers. All five crew members survived. The captain was the last person to exit the aircraft.[150] This incident was also featured as "Fire Flight" of Canadian television series Mayday season 4 episode 3 (known as "Fiery Landing" of Air Emergency in the US, Air Crash Investigation in the UK and Australia). This is Air Canada's most recent fatal accident.
23 July 1983
143
 Boeing 767-200 C-GAUN glided to an emergency landing in Gimli after running out of fuel 12,300 metres (40,400 ft) above Red Lake, Ontario. Some people suffered minor injuries during the evacuation due to the steep angle of the escape slides at the rear of the aircraft, caused by the collapse of the nose gear. This incident was the subject of the TV movie, Falling from the Sky: Flight 174 and the book, Freefall, by William Hoffer.[151] This incident was also featured on the National Geographic Channel and Discovery Channel series Mayday season 5 episode 6.
16 December 1997
646
 Air Canada Flight 646 departed Toronto-Lester B. Pearson International Airport, Ontario, at 9:24 PM eastern standard time on a scheduled flight to Fredericton, New Brunswick. On arrival, the Canadair CRJ-100 aircraft, registration C-FSKI, experienced an unstabilized approach in poor visibility and stalled aerodynamically during a late go-around attempt. The aircraft skidded 2,100 feet (640 m) from the point of touchdown and hit a tree. An evacuation was conducted; however, seven passengers were trapped in the aircraft until rescued. Of the 39 passengers and 3 crew members, 9 were seriously injured and the rest received minor or no injuries. The accident occurred at 11:48 PM Atlantic standard time.[152] Air Canada was heavily criticized in the media over its employees allegedly entering the crash site and removing the aircraft decals identifying its operator without the permission of the authorities.
29 March 2015
624
 Air Canada Flight 624 was an Airbus A320 C-FTJP flying from Toronto Pearson International Airport to Halifax Stanfield International Airport. After 15 minutes in a holding pattern due to a severe winter storm and poor visibility, during approach in Halifax, the plane impacted the runway approach lights and power lines knocking out power and communications at the airport. It then impacted the ground 300m short of the runway, continuing on to impact the localizer antenna array, and breaking off its landing gear. The plane then touched down a second time and slid down the runway, losing one of its engines. All 133 passengers and five crew evacuated and survived. 23 people were sent to the hospital with non-life-threatening injuries.[153][154][155] The aircraft was written off.[156]
7 July 2017
759
 At the conclusion of the regularly scheduled international passenger flight from Toronto to San Francisco, Air Canada Flight 759 nearly landed on a taxiway which already had four fully loaded and fueled aircraft holding short for takeoff. A retired pilot stated the runway confusion that almost happened "probably came close to the greatest aviation disaster in history" as five aircraft and over 1,000 passengers were at imminent risk.[157][158]
3 February 2020
837
 Air Canada Flight 837, a Boeing 767-300, suffered a rear tire failure during take-off at Madrid–Barajas Airport on its way to Toronto, causing its left engine to catch fire. The pilots managed to extinguish it by shutting the engine down, but as that particular 767-300 was not equipped for fuel dumping, it had to stay in a single-engine holding pattern for over 4 hours to burn fuel and achieve its maximum landing weight, while an SAF fighter reported minimal damage to the landing gear. The plane landed safely and nobody was injured.[159]

Privacy concerns

In February 2019, TechCrunch reported that the Air Canada mobile app in the iOS App Store incorporated session-replay software from the Israeli firm Glassbox. This software, without the users' informed consent, recorded users' activities and transmitted the data, including unredacted credit card data and passport numbers, to remote servers. This compromised users' privacy and contravened the rules of the iOS App Store.[160][161]

See also

References

  1. ^ Transport Canada (28 August 2019), Civil Aviation Services (CAS) AOC. wwwapps.tc.gc.ca.
  2. ^ "Federal Aviation Administration – Airline Certificate Information – Detail View". Federal Aviation Administration. Retrieved 27 June 2019.
  3. ^ a b c "Air Canada Corporate Profile". www.aircanada.com.
  4. ^ Investors. aircanada.com - Investor Relations - Investors Contacts. (n.d.). Retrieved March 24, 2022, from
  5. ^ Pilar Wolfsteller (15 February 2021). . FlightGlobal. Archived from the original on 4 September 2015. Retrieved 17 February 2021.
  6. ^ a b c d "2020 Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes" (PDF). Air Canada. Retrieved 3 July 2021.
  7. ^ . Star Alliance. Archived from the original on 17 April 2009. Retrieved 4 April 2009.
  8. ^ a b c "Air Canada Corporate Profile". aircanada.com. Air Canada. Retrieved 20 August 2019.
  9. ^ "Revenue passengers carried" (PDF). Air Canada Reports 2017 Annual Results.
  10. ^ a b c "Canadian Taxpayers Now Own Part of Air Canada". TravelPulse. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
  11. ^ a b c d e "Air Canada History". CBC News. 14 May 2004. from the original on 31 March 2009. Retrieved 4 April 2009.
  12. ^ . moments.aircanada.com. Archived from the original on 27 December 2018. Retrieved 25 February 2017.
  13. ^ a b c d e f g . CBC News. 20 June 2005. Archived from the original on 21 April 2006. Retrieved 4 April 2009.
  14. ^ a b Mills, Albert J, Mills, Jean Helms. Masculinity and the Making of Trans-Canada Air Lines, 1937–1940: A Feminist Poststructuralist Account. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, March 2006. findarticles.com Date accessed: 18 October 2007
  15. ^ John Vardalas, "From DATAR to the FP-6000 4 April 2019 at the Wayback Machine", IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, Vol 16 No 2, 1994, pp. 20–30
  16. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k . Aviation Week & Space Technology. Archived from the original on 15 January 2010. Retrieved 11 January 2010.
  17. ^ Sparling, Gordon; Bala, Nicholas (1964). The Queen in Canada (Digital video). Ottawa: National Film Board of Canada.
  18. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Air Canada – Company History". International Directory of Company Histories. 2009. Retrieved 19 August 2009.
  19. ^ Christopher, John; Dion, Joseph P. (14 November 2002). "Issue Definition". The Canadian Airline Industry. Government of Canada / Depository Services Program. Retrieved 4 April 2009.
  20. ^ . Tgblogsite.com. 10 April 1978. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 23 May 2015.
  21. ^ "Air Canada Innovations". Air Canada. from the original on 30 April 2009. Retrieved 24 May 2009.
  22. ^ "Air Canada Sells Credit Card Unit". The New York Times. 27 March 1992. Retrieved 24 May 2009.
  23. ^ . Maclean's. 21 September 1998. Archived from the original on 13 February 2009. Retrieved 24 May 2009.
  24. ^ "Air Canada unions dig in, rescue deal seen at risk". Usatoday.com. 5 April 2004. Retrieved 21 February 2011.
  25. ^ "Air Canada faces deadline on Deutsche Bank deal". CBC News. 14 May 2004. Retrieved 28 November 2021.
  26. ^ Yusufali, Sasha. "Air Canada". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved 28 November 2021.
  27. ^ "ACE Aviation". ACE Aviation. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 21 February 2011.
  28. ^ a b c Air Canada unveils New Look and Leading Edge In-Flight Enhancements, Canadian Superstar Celine Dion joins Employees to Launch New era for Nation's Flag Carrier, prnewswire.com, 19 October 2004 Date accessed: 23 May 2014
  29. ^ Renée Alexander (10 May 2006). "WestJet Airlines – High Times". Businessweek.com. Retrieved 21 February 2011.
  30. ^ Aviation giant retires – onAir, December 2004, aircanada.com 4 February 2016 at the Wayback Machine Date accessed: 6 November 2008
  31. ^ Download SEDAR Filings - 4 November 2005 Date accessed: 20 October 2008
  32. ^ Gigacz, Oliver (16 May 2016). "Boeing Delivers Air Canada's First 787 Dreamliner". Global Aviation Express. Retrieved 16 May 2014.
  33. ^ . 25 April 2007. Archived from the original on 19 January 2010. Retrieved 12 January 2010.
  34. ^ Air Canada – Our Fleet 24 August 2009 aircanada.com Date accessed: 24 August 2009
  35. ^ GlobeLink: Travel – Air Canada Embarks on Extreme Makeover – 13 March 2007 14 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine Date accessed 20 October 2008
  36. ^ Air Canada/Air Canada Jazz fleet Date accessed: 18 February 2009
  37. ^ a b Cabin Comfort – Economy Class – North America Date accessed: 4 December 2013
  38. ^ a b c d Cabin Comfort – Economy Class – International Date accessed: 4 December 2013
  39. ^ a b c d e Cabin Comfort – Business Class – North America Date accessed: 4 December 2013
  40. ^ a b c d e f Cabin Comfort – International Business Class Date accessed: 4 December 2013
  41. ^ "Air Canada cutting 2,000 jobs, trimming capacity". CBC News. 17 June 2008. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
  42. ^ Deveau, Scott (24 November 2008). "Brewer handling Air Canada obstacles; CEO confident carrier has troubles in hand". Financial Post. Postmedia. ProQuest 330796242. Retrieved 1 December 2020 – via ProQuest.
  43. ^ Jang, Brent (31 March 2009). "Brewer resigns as Air Canada Chief". Globe and Mail. Retrieved 25 January 2015.
  44. ^ Canada (31 March 2009). . Toronto: Business.theglobeandmail.com. Archived from the original on 3 April 2009. Retrieved 21 February 2011.
  45. ^ . cbc.ca. 4 June 2009. Archived from the original on 7 June 2009. Retrieved 21 February 2011.
  46. ^ "Farley flown in to mediate Air Canada pension talks". Financialpost.com. Retrieved 21 February 2011.[dead link]
  47. ^ "Air Canada bailout buys time - but Canada Inc sells out to forces of protectionism".
  48. ^ "ACE History and Background" (PDF). ACE Aviation. January 2011. Retrieved 14 March 2019.
  49. ^ . Archived from the original on 4 September 2015. Retrieved 24 April 2015.
  50. ^ "Air Canada pilots vote overwhelmingly for 10-year contract". Market Business News. 1 November 2014.
  51. ^ "Air Canada flight attendants ratify 10-year deal". CBC News. 18 November 2015. Retrieved 19 November 2015.
  52. ^ "Our Nation's Carrier" (PDF). Air Canada. 2017. Retrieved 5 November 2017.
  53. ^ "Air Canada orders 61 Boeing 737 MAX jets". 11 December 2013. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
  54. ^ Cline, Andy (2 November 2017). "Air Canada takes its first Boeing 737 MAX". Skies Mag. Retrieved 5 November 2017.
  55. ^ "Air Canada to Purchase Bombardier C Series as Part of its Fleet Renewal Program". Air Canada (Press release). 17 February 2016. Retrieved 17 July 2019.
  56. ^ "Air Canada Travel News and Updates". www.aircanada.com. Retrieved 15 June 2017.
  57. ^ "Air Canada Signature Service". Air Canada. Retrieved 9 July 2019.
  58. ^ "Air Canada move to list Taiwan as part of China sees backlash, threat of boycot". thestar.com. Retrieved 12 June 2018.
  59. ^ "Air Canada, Air China sign agreement to boost co-operation on Canada-China flights". Global News. The Canadian Press. 6 June 2018. Retrieved 9 July 2019.
  60. ^ "Transat shareholders approve Air Canada takeover, deal now in regulators' hands". CBC. 23 August 2019.
  61. ^ "Air Canada Drops Transat Takeover After Battle With Europe". Bloomberg.com. 2 April 2021. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
  62. ^ Atkins, Eric (18 March 2020). "Air Canada to gradually suspend most U.S., international flights by March 31". The Globe and Mail. The Woodbridge Company. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
  63. ^ "Air Canada Announces New Schedule Offering Customers Wide Choice of Destinations for Safe Travel this Summer and Expands Goodwill Policy". 22 May 2020. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
  64. ^ "Air Canada reports $1.05B first-quarter loss due to impact of COVID-19 pandemic | CBC News".
  65. ^ "Air Canada reports $685M loss in third quarter amid COVID-19 pandemic". Global News. Corus Entertainment. 9 November 2020. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
  66. ^ Bharti, Bianca (4 July 2022). "Air Canada cancels 154 flights a day this summer amid 'unprecedented and unforeseen strains'". Financial Post.
  67. ^ a b "Will the $5.9 Billion Bailout Save Air Canada (TSX:AC) From COVID-19?". ca.finance.yahoo.com. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
  68. ^ Transportation; Airlines (25 July 2018). "Airline competition finally taking off in Canada, but barriers keep passengers' options limited | Financial Post". Financial Post. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
  69. ^ https://www.aircanada.com/ca/en/aco/home/about/corporate-profile.html%7Ctitle=[dead link]
  70. ^ "Executive Biographies". aircanada.com. 24 November 2008. Retrieved 21 February 2011.
  71. ^ a b "Annual Report 2012" (PDF). Air Canada. Retrieved 24 May 2013.
  72. ^ a b "Annual Report 2010" (PDF). Air Canada. Retrieved 25 May 2013.
  73. ^ a b "Annual Report 2011" (PDF). Air Canada. Retrieved 24 May 2013.
  74. ^ "News Release Q4 2013" (PDF). Air Canada. Retrieved 9 March 2014.
  75. ^ "Annual Report 2014" (PDF). Air Canada. Retrieved 12 April 2015.
  76. ^ "Annual Report 2015" (PDF).
  77. ^ "Air Canada Annual Report 2016" (PDF).
  78. ^ "Air Canada Annual Report 2017" (PDF).
  79. ^ "2018 Annual Report" (PDF). Air Canada. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
  80. ^ "2019 Annual Report" (PDF). Air Canada. Retrieved 12 May 2020.
  81. ^ "2020 Annual Report" (PDF). Air Canada. Retrieved 12 July 2021.
  82. ^ . Parl.gc.ca. Archived from the original on 2 April 2013. Retrieved 23 May 2012.
  83. ^ "Air Canada Public Participation Act (R.S.C., 1985, c. 35 (4th Supp.))". Justice Laws Website. Government of Canada. Retrieved 13 May 2018.
  84. ^ "Investors Contacts 4 February 2016 at the Wayback Machine." Air Canada. Retrieved on 4 December 2010. "Air Canada Centre, 7373 Côte-Vertu Blvd. West Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4S 1Z3."
  85. ^ "Coordonnées – Investisseurs 4 February 2016 at the Wayback Machine." Air Canada. Retrieved on 4 December 2010. "Centre Air Canada, 7373 boul. Côte-Vertu Ouest Saint-Laurent (Québec) H4S 1Z3."
  86. ^ Israelson, David (11 September 1994). "Companies eye exits in case of separation". Toronto Star. Retrieved 23 September 2009.
  87. ^ "FAQs." Air Canada. Retrieved on 4 December 2010. "Our headquarters are located at 7373 Boulevard Côte-Vertu Ouest, Dorval, Quebec."
  88. ^ World Airline Directory. Flight International. 20 March 1975. p. 465. Retrieved 24 May 2009.
  89. ^ "Air Canada layoffs blamed on free trade 1 April 2013 at the Wayback Machine." Toronto Star. 10 October 1990. A1. Retrieved on 23 September 2009.
  90. ^ a b "Air Canada Cargo profile". Accessmylibrary.com. 1 October 1996. Retrieved 21 February 2011.
  91. ^ (PDF). Air Canada. 28 January 2002. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 September 2010. Retrieved 26 May 2009.
  92. ^ "Aeroplane Miles earned partners". Aircanada.com. 16 June 2010. Retrieved 21 February 2011.
  93. ^ Air Canada Jetz – About Us, aircanada.com Date accessed: 17 May 2014
  94. ^ "ottawacitizen.com – Senators look for a new ride to road games as Air Canada exits charter business". Archived from the original on 17 June 2014.
  95. ^ . Air Canada Media Centre. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
  96. ^ . Deutsch-Kanadische Gesellschaft. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 26 October 2016.
  97. ^ "Canadian Civil Aircraft Register". Transport Canada. 28 August 2013. Retrieved 4 October 2017.
  98. ^ Air Canada – Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes 2007 -subsidiaries p.7 Date accessed: 5 November 2008
  99. ^ Air Canada Vacations – About Us, aircanadavacations.com Date accessed: 31 October 2008
  100. ^ Leader, The (10 February 2007). . Canada.com. Archived from the original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved 21 February 2011.
  101. ^ "Air Canada signs definitive deal to buy Aeroplan program for $450 million". CTVNews. 26 November 2018. Retrieved 26 November 2018.
  102. ^ "Air Canada Completes Acquisition of Aeroplan Loyalty Business". 14 January 2019. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
  103. ^ . flyjazz.ca. Archived from the original on 7 March 2009. Retrieved 31 October 2008.
  104. ^ CNW Group (10 October 2001). . nieuwsbank.nl. Archived from the original on 22 May 2011. Retrieved 12 January 2010.
  105. ^ Air Canada's Tango steps into service – 16 October 2001, flightglobal.com Date accessed: 8 November 2008
  106. ^ . Aircanada.com. 24 November 2008. Archived from the original on 27 May 2010. Retrieved 21 February 2011.
  107. ^ "Economy Fares". Aircanada.com. 30 June 2018. Retrieved 30 June 2018.
  108. ^ "Air Canada's Zip shut down". CBC News. 8 September 2004. Retrieved 28 November 2021.
  109. ^ "Air Canada expands in Europe". Flightglobal.com. 10 March 1984. Retrieved 21 February 2011.
  110. ^ "Air Canada aims at business traveler with Singapore route". 12 January 1985. Retrieved 21 February 2011.
  111. ^ a b "Air Canada Codeshare Partners". www.aircanada.com. Retrieved 22 April 2020.
  112. ^ "Cathay Pacific signs codeshare deal with Air Canada".
  113. ^ "Air Canada, Emirates To Codeshare". RoutesOnline. Retrieved 14 July 2022.
  114. ^ "What Qatar Airways' New Air Canada Codeshare Means for Passengers". 18 November 2020.
  115. ^ "Air Canada / Vistara Begins Codeshare Partnership mid-June 2022".
  116. ^ Curran, Andrew (29 March 2022). "Air Canada Inks A Partnership With Mexican Airline Aeromar". Simple Flying. simpleflying.com. Retrieved 30 March 2022.
  117. ^ . Pakistan International Airlines. Archived from the original on 8 March 2022. Retrieved 7 November 2019.
  118. ^ "Our Fleet".
  119. ^ "Air Canada Fleet Details and History".
  120. ^ Kramon, Glenn. "Northwest Airlines Bans Smoking on Most Flights." The New York Times. 24 March 1988. 1. Retrieved on 8 February 2012.
  121. ^ "Air Canada Signature Service". Air Canada. Retrieved 17 April 2017.
  122. ^ a b "Air Canada Expands Introduction of New International Business Class and Premium Economy Seating". aircanada.com. Archived from the original on 19 November 2014. Retrieved 18 November 2014.
  123. ^ Air Canada [@AirCanada] (24 June 2020). "We're celebrating new firsts! Like AC311 from Montreal to Vancouver, the first flight operated with our newly retrofitted @Airbus #A330 now featuring our newly reconfigured cabin design. t.co/M1PE9L6ME7" (Tweet). Retrieved 31 December 2020 – via Twitter.
  124. ^ "Premium Economy (International)". aircanada.com. Retrieved 30 June 2013.
  125. ^ "Air Canada shows off new colour schemes for planes and staff uniforms".
  126. ^ "Air Canada Maple Leaf Lounge". Air Canada. Retrieved 23 May 2014.
  127. ^ "Air Canada Maple Leaf Lounge Locations". Air Canada. Retrieved 23 May 2014.
  128. ^ "Maple Leaf Lounge access". Air Canada. Retrieved 23 May 2014.
  129. ^ "Air Canada Arrivals Lounge". Air Canada. Retrieved 23 May 2014.
  130. ^ "Lounge Access Policy". Star Alliance. Retrieved 29 October 2016.
  131. ^ "Galleries Aimia shares crash after Air Canada parts ways with Aeroplan loyalty program". 11 May 2017. Retrieved 12 May 2017.
  132. ^ Hemmerdinger, Jon (10 January 2019). "Air Canada closes Aeroplan loyalty programme purchase". Flight Global. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
  133. ^ "Air Canada Completes Bringing Aeroplan Loyalty Program Into Its Fold". Skift. 15 January 2019. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
  134. ^ "Here Comes The New Aeroplan". One Mile at a Time. 11 August 2020. Retrieved 28 December 2020.
  135. ^ "Updates to the Aeroplan Elite Status program [u]". AirCanada. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
  136. ^ "Aeroplan Elite Status: Air Canada's New Elite Program". Prince of Travel. 12 August 2020. Retrieved 28 December 2020.
  137. ^ "Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 6 October 2009.
  138. ^ "Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. 19 May 1967. Retrieved 24 May 2009.
  139. ^ "Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 7 October 2009.
  140. ^ "Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 7 October 2009.
  141. ^ "Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 8 October 2009.
  142. ^ . AirDisaster.com. 5 July 1970. Archived from the original on 21 March 2007. Retrieved 24 May 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  143. ^ "1971: Canada's first successful plane hijacking". cbc.ca. 22 October 2014. Retrieved 28 November 2021.
  144. ^ "Canada's First Successful Plane Hijacking". noahc.org/. Retrieved 1 February 2015.
  145. ^ "Hull-loss description". Aviation Safety Network. 21 June 1973. Retrieved 24 May 2009.
  146. ^ . 26 June 1978. Archived from the original on 19 March 2007. Retrieved 24 May 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  147. ^ "44 in drama over Atlantic as DC-9 jet's tail rips off". The Toronto Star. 18 September 1979. p. 1.
  148. ^ "Nation: Air Scares". Time. 1 October 1979.
  149. ^ . AirDisaster.com. 2 June 1982. Archived from the original on 21 March 2007. Retrieved 26 May 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  150. ^ . 2 June 1983. Archived from the original on 11 June 2009. Retrieved 24 May 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  151. ^ . Vancouver Sun. 24 January 2008. Archived from the original on 29 June 2008. Retrieved 24 May 2009.
  152. ^ "Transportation Safety Board of Canada – Aviation Investigation Report A97H0011". 15 April 1999. Retrieved 24 April 2015.
  153. ^ "Air Canada AC624 touched down 335 metres short of runway, TSB says". 29 March 2015. Retrieved 24 April 2015.
  154. ^ . Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 24 April 2015.
  155. ^ "Air Canada Flight 624 crash investigators recover cockpit recorders". 31 March 2015. Retrieved 24 April 2015.
  156. ^ . Planespotters.net. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 11 July 2015.
  157. ^ Levenson, Eric; Chan, Stella; Hassan, Carma; Ostrower, Jon (11 July 2017). "Air Canada plane nearly lands on a crowded taxiway at San Francisco airport". CNN. Retrieved 18 July 2017.
  158. ^ Spurr, Ben; Howells, Laura (11 July 2017). "'Close to the greatest aviation disaster in history:' Air Canada pilot almost lands on busy taxiway". The Star. Retrieved 18 July 2017.
  159. ^ Redmond Shannon (3 February 2020). "Air Canada flight forced to make emergency landing in Madrid". Global News. Archived from the original on 11 December 2021. Retrieved 15 October 2020.
  160. ^ Whittaker, Zack (6 February 2019). . TechCrunch. Archived from the original on 6 February 2019. Retrieved 8 February 2019.
  161. ^ Clover, Juli. . MacRumors. Archived from the original on 6 February 2019. Retrieved 8 February 2019.

Further reading

  • McArthur, Keith (2004). Air monopoly: how Robert Milton's Air Canada won and lost control of Canada's skies. M & S. ISBN 0-7710-5688-5.
  • Milton, Robert (2004). Straight from the Top: The Truth About Air Canada. Greystone Books. ISBN 1-55365-051-4.

External links

  Media related to Air Canada at Wikimedia Commons

  • Official website (Mobile)
  • CBC Digital Archives – Turbulent Skies: The Air Canada Story

January 09, 2023
canada, flag, carrier, largest, airline, canada, size, passengers, carried, maintains, headquarters, borough, saint, laurent, montreal, quebec, airline, founded, 1937, provides, scheduled, charter, transport, passengers, cargo, destinations, worldwide, foundin. Air Canada is the flag carrier and the largest airline of Canada by size and passengers carried Air Canada maintains its headquarters in the borough of Saint Laurent Montreal Quebec The airline founded in 1937 provides scheduled and charter air transport for passengers and cargo to 222 destinations worldwide It is a founding member of the Star Alliance 7 Air Canada s major hubs are at Toronto Pearson International Airport YYZ Vancouver International Airport YVR and Montreal Trudeau International Airport YUL 8 The airline s regional service is Air Canada Express Air CanadaIATA ICAO CallsignAC ACA AIR CANADAFounded10 April 1937 85 years ago 1937 04 10 as Trans Canada Air Lines Commenced operations1 January 1965 58 years ago 1965 01 01 as Air Canada AOC Canada 5262 1 United States ARNF245C 2 HubsMontreal TrudeauToronto PearsonVancouverFocus citiesCalgaryHalifaxOttawaFrequent flyer programAeroplanAllianceStar AllianceSubsidiariesAir Canada Cargo Air Canada Express Air Canada Foundation Air Canada Jetz Air Canada Rouge Air Canada Vacations Aeroplan Heart AerospaceFleet size353 Incl subsidiaries Destinations222 3 Traded asTSX ACHeadquartersSaint Laurent Quebec Canada 4 Key peopleVagn Sorensen Chairman Michael Rousseau President amp CEO 5 RevenueCAN 5 833 billion 2020 6 Operating income C 3 776 billion 2020 6 Net income C 4 647 billion 2020 6 Total assetsC 28 913 billion 2020 6 Employees30 000 2018 3 Websitewww wbr aircanada wbr comCanada s national airline originated from the Canadian federal government s 1936 creation of Trans Canada Air Lines TCA which began operating its first transcontinental flight routes in 1938 In 1965 TCA was renamed Air Canada following government approval After the deregulation of the Canadian airline market in the 1980s the airline was privatized in 1988 On 4 January 2000 Air Canada took over its largest rival Canadian Airlines In 2003 the airline filed for bankruptcy protection and in the following year emerged and reorganized under the holding company ACE Aviation Holdings Inc In 2017 Air Canada flew 48 million passengers as the airline celebrated its 80th anniversary 9 In October 2021 the Government of Canada acquired 6 4 of Air Canada and has not ruled out further investment 10 Air Canada has a fleet of Airbus A330 Boeing 777 and Boeing 787 Dreamliner wide body aircraft on long haul routes and uses the Airbus A320 family aircraft including the A320 and A321 variants Boeing 737 MAX 8 and Airbus A220 300 aircraft on short haul routes The carrier s operating divisions include Air Canada Cargo Air Canada Express Air Canada Jetz private jet charters and Air Canada Rouge leisure airline Its subsidiary Air Canada Vacations provides vacation packages to over 90 destinations Together with its regional partners the airline operates on average more than 1 613 scheduled flights daily 8 Contents 1 History 1 1 Trans Canada Air Lines 1937 1965 1 2 Renamed to Air Canada and early years 1965 1990 1 3 Strategic changes 1990s 1 4 Merger and reorganization 2000s 1 4 1 Bankruptcy and restructuring 1 4 2 Fleet modernization 1 4 3 Project XM 1 4 4 Late 2000s financial difficulties 1 5 2010s 1 5 1 New branding and fleet 1 5 2 Proposed acquisition of Transat A T 1 6 2020s 1 6 1 COVID 19 pandemic 2 Corporate affairs 2 1 Ownership 2 1 1 Executives 2 2 Business trends 2 3 Headquarters 2 4 Subsidiaries 2 4 1 Air Canada Cargo 2 4 2 Air Canada Express 2 4 3 Air Canada Jetz 2 4 4 Air Canada Rouge 2 4 5 Air Canada Vacations 2 4 6 Aeroplan 2 5 Former subsidiaries 2 5 1 Air Canada Jazz 2 5 2 Air Canada Tango 2 5 3 Zip 3 Destinations 3 1 Codeshare agreements 3 2 Interline agreements 4 Fleet 5 Services 5 1 Cabins 5 1 1 Signature Class 5 1 2 Regional Business Class 5 1 3 Premium Economy 5 1 4 Economy Class 5 1 5 Air Canada Express 5 2 Cabin crew 5 3 Lounge 6 Frequent flyer program 6 1 Air Canada Altitude 6 2 Status requirements 7 Accidents and incidents 8 Privacy concerns 9 See also 10 References 11 Further reading 12 External linksHistory EditSee also History of aviation in Canada Trans Canada Air Lines 1937 1965 Edit Main article Trans Canada Air Lines A TCA Lockheed Model 14 Super Electra at Malton Airport 1939 The predecessor of Air Canada Trans Canada Air Lines TCA was created by federal legislation as a subsidiary of Canadian National Railway CNR on 11 April 1937 11 12 The newly created Department of Transport under Minister C D Howe desired an airline under government control to link cities on the Atlantic coast to those on the Pacific coast Using 5 million in Crown seed money two Lockheed Model 10 Electras and one Boeing Stearman biplane were purchased from Canadian Airways 13 and experienced airline executives from United Airlines and American Airlines were brought in 11 Passenger flights began on 1 September 1937 with an Electra carrying two passengers and mail from Vancouver to Seattle a 14 20 round trip 11 and on 1 July 1938 TCA hired its first flight attendants 14 Transcontinental routes from Montreal to Vancouver began on 1 April 1939 using 12 Lockheed Model 14 Super Electras and six Lockheed Model 18 Lodestars 13 By January 1940 the airline had grown to about 579 employees 14 Canadian Pacific Airlines CP Air suggested in 1942 a merger with TCA Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King rejected the proposal and introduced legislation regulating TCA as the only airline in Canada allowed to provide transcontinental flights With the increase in air travel after World War II CP Air was granted one coast to coast flight and a few international routes 11 Originally headquartered in Winnipeg which was also the site of the national maintenance base the federal government moved TCA s headquarters to Montreal in 1949 the maintenance base later also moved east With the development of the ReserVec in 1953 TCA became the first airline in the world to use a computer reservation system with remote terminals 15 16 Renamed to Air Canada and early years 1965 1990 Edit Revenue passenger kilometres scheduled flights only in millions Year Traffic1950 7271955 15511960 32841965 57021969 90741971 103431975 162701980 237521985 217182000 448006Source ICAO Digest of Statistics for 1950 55 IATA World Air Transport Statistics 1960 2000 By 1964 TCA had grown to become Canada s national airline and in 1964 Jean Chretien submitted a private member s bill to change the name of the airline from Trans Canada Airlines to Air Canada which TCA had long used as its French language name This bill failed but it was later resubmitted and passed with the name change taking effect on 1 January 1965 13 Elizabeth II the Queen of Canada flew on the first aircraft to bear the name and livery of Air Canada when she departed for the United Kingdom at the end of her 1964 tour of Prince Edward Island Quebec and Ontario 17 During the 1970s government regulations ensured Air Canada s dominance over domestic regional carriers and rival CP Air 18 Short haul carriers were each restricted to one of five regions and could not compete directly with Air Canada and CP Air 18 CP Air was subject to capacity limits on intercontinental flights and restricted from domestic operations Air Canada s fares were also subject to regulation by the government 18 An Air Canada Boeing 767 200 in the 1964 1992 livery In 1976 with reorganization at CNR Air Canada became an independent Crown corporation The Air Canada Act of 1978 ensured that the carrier would compete on a more equal footing with rival regional airlines and CP Air and ended the government s direct regulatory control over Air Canada s routings fares and services 18 The act also transferred ownership from Canadian National Railway to a subsidiary of the national government 11 Deregulation of the Canadian airline market under the new National Transportation Act 1987 officially opened the airline market in Canada to equal competition 19 The carrier s fleet expansion saw the acquisition of Boeing 727 Boeing 747 and Lockheed Tristar jetliners 16 In 1978 Judy Cameron became the first female pilot hired to fly for any major Canadian carrier when she was hired to fly by Air Canada 20 With new fleet expenditures outpacing earnings Air Canada officials indicated that the carrier would need additional sources of capital to fund its modernization 18 By 1985 the Canadian government was indicating a willingness to privatize both Canadian National Railways and Air Canada 18 In 1988 Air Canada was privatized and 43 of shares were sold on the public market 13 with the initial public offering completed in October of that year 18 By this time long haul rival CP Air had become Canadian Airlines International following its acquisition by Pacific Western Airlines 16 On 7 December 1987 Air Canada became the first airline in the world with a fleet wide non smoking policy 21 and in 1989 became completely privatized 13 The successful privatization program was led by the President and CEO Pierre J Jeanniot The associated extensive communication activities were aided by the Non Executive Chairman Claude I Taylor Strategic changes 1990s Edit An Air Canada Airbus A340 300 in Star Alliance livery 1997 Air Canada was a founding member of the airline alliance established in 1997 In the early 1990s Air Canada encountered financial difficulties as the airline industry slumped in the aftermath of the Persian Gulf War 16 In response the airline restructured management by hiring former Delta Air Lines executive Hollis L Harris as its CEO Harris restructured the airline s operations reduced management positions moved the corporate headquarters to Dorval Airport 16 and sold the enRoute card business to Diners Club in 1992 22 By 1994 Air Canada had returned to profitability 16 The same year also saw the carrier winning route access to fly from Canada to the new Kansai Airport in Osaka Japan 16 In 1995 taking advantage of a new US Canada open skies agreement Air Canada added 30 new trans border routes 16 In May 1997 Air Canada became a founding member of the Star Alliance with the airline launching codeshares with several of the alliance s members The second half of the 1990s saw the airline earn consistent profits totalling 1 billion for the 1997 to 1999 period 16 On 2 September 1998 pilots for Air Canada launched the company s first pilots strike 23 demanding higher wages 18 At the end of 1999 the Canadian government relaxed some of the aviation regulations aimed at creating a consolidation of the Canadian airline industry That year American Airlines in conjunction with Canadian financial company Onex Corp launched takeover bids for ailing rival Canadian Airlines and Air Canada spurring Air Canada to submit a competing offer for its largest rival 16 Merger and reorganization 2000s Edit A Boeing 737 275 with a hybrid Air Canada Canadian Airlines International livery The latter airline was acquired by Air Canada in 2001 In January 2001 Air Canada acquired Canada s second largest air carrier Canadian Airlines International merging the latter s operations becoming the world s twelfth largest airline in the first decade of the 21st century 13 As Air Canada gained access to its former rival s financial statements officials learned that the carrier was in worse financial shape than was previously believed 18 An expedited merger strategy was pursued but in summer 2000 integration efforts led to flight delays luggage problems and other frustrations 18 However service improved following Air Canada officials pledge to do so by January 2001 18 The airline was confronted by the global aviation market downturn and increased competition posting back to back losses in 2001 and 2002 18 Bankruptcy and restructuring Edit As Air Canada had employed a scorched earth policy to prevent the Onex proposed acquisition as one of its lines of defense it had burdened itself with onerous contracts with almost all of its suppliers As a result on 1 April 2003 Air Canada filed for protection under the Companies Creditors Arrangement Act it emerged from this protection on 30 September 2004 18 months later During the period of bankruptcy protection the company was subject to two competing bids from Cerberus Capital Management and Victor Li The Cerberus bid would have seen former Prime Minister Brian Mulroney installed as chairman being recruited by Cerberus international advisory board chair Dan Quayle the former vice president of the United States Cerberus was rejected because it had a reputation of changing existing employee pension agreements a move strongly opposed by the CAW At first Air Canada selected Victor Li s Trinity Time Investments which initially asked for a board veto and the chairmanship in return for investing 650 million in the airline Li who holds dual citizenship from Canada and Hong Kong later demanded changes to the pension plan which was not in his original takeover bid but since the unions refused to budge the bid was withdrawn 24 Finally Deutsche Bank unveiled an 850 million financing package for Air Canada if it would cut 200 million in annual costs in addition to the 1 1 billion that the unions agreed on in 2003 It was accepted after last minute talks between CEO Robert Milton and CAW president Buzz Hargrove got the union concessions needed to let the bid go through 13 25 26 ACE Aviation Holdings became the new parent company under which the reorganized Air Canada was held 27 However in November 2012 ACE sold all shares and warrants it held in Air Canada In October 2004 Canadian singer Celine Dion became the face of Air Canada hoping to relaunch the airline and draw in a more international market after 18 months of bankruptcy protection 28 She recorded her single You and I which subsequently appeared in several Air Canada commercials 29 Fleet modernization Edit An Air Canada Boeing 787 8 in the Frosted Leaf livery at Frankfurt Airport In 2005 the airline ordered a number of Boeing 787 8s On 31 October 2004 the last Air Canada Boeing 747 flight landed in Toronto from Frankfurt as AC873 ending 33 years of 747 service with the airline The Boeing 747 400 fleet was replaced by the Airbus A340 fleet 30 On 19 October 2004 Air Canada unveiled a new aircraft colour scheme and uniforms A Boeing 767 300ER was painted in the new silver blue colour and the dark green almost black tail was replaced with a new version of the maple leaf known as the Frosted Leaf 28 On 9 November 2005 Air Canada agreed to renew its widebody fleet by purchasing 16 Boeing 777s 10 300ERs 6 200LRs and 14 Boeing 787 8s It placed options on 18 Boeing 777s and 46 Boeing 787 8s and 9s 31 Deliveries of the 777s began in March 2007 and deliveries of the 787s began in May 2014 32 On 24 April 2007 Air Canada exercised half of its options for the Boeing 787 Dreamliner The firm order for the Dreamliners then stood at 37 plus 23 options for a total of 60 The airline also cancelled orders for two Boeing 777Fs In November 2007 Air Canada leased an additional Boeing 777 300ER 33 34 Project XM Edit Started in July 2006 and since completed Project XM Extreme Makeover was a 300 million aircraft interior replacement project to install new cabins on all aircraft New aircraft such as the Boeing 777 were delivered with the new cabins factory installed 35 Personal video on demand unit in economy class 2008 The personal VOD units were installed throughout the airline s planes in the mid 2000s as a part of Project XM New cabin features included 36 37 38 39 40 In Executive First new horizontal fully flat Executive First Suites on Boeing 767s Boeing 777s and Airbus A330s New cabins in all classes on all aircraft with new entertainment options Personal AVOD 8 9 in or 230 mm touchscreen LCD in Economy class domestic and international and Executive Class domestic Larger AVOD 12 in or 300 mm touchscreen LCD equipped with noise cancelling Sennheiser headphones available in Executive First Suites Interactive games at all seats in Executive and Economy XM Radio Canada available at every seat USB ports to recharge electronic devices and for game controllers at all seats 120 VAC plugs in most seats In Economy 2 per triple 1 per double 3 per quad In First Class Executive All seats Late 2000s financial difficulties Edit High fuel prices and the Great Recession caused Air Canada significant financial difficulties in the late 2000s In June 2008 the airline announced it would lay off over 2 000 employees and cut its capacity by 7 percent by the first quarter of 2009 41 President and CEO Montie Brewer expressed confidence that the airline would weather the economic downturn 42 Calin Rovinescu in 2015 Rovinescu served as the CEO of Air Canada from 2009 to 2021 Brewer resigned on 30 March 2009 and was replaced by Calin Rovinescu on 1 April 43 Rovinescu became the first Canadian President since Claude Taylor in 1992 Rovinescu reported to be an enforcer was Air Canada s chief restructuring officer during its 2003 bankruptcy he resigned that year after unions rejected his demands 44 Federal finance minister Jim Flaherty appointed retired judge James Farley who had presided over Air Canada s 2003 bankruptcy to mediate pension issues between the company the unions representing its employees and retirees The contracts with four of the unions also expired around this time The airline stated that its 2 85 billion pension shortfall which grew from 1 2 billion in 2007 was a liquidity risk in its first quarter report and it required new financing and pension relief to conserve cash for 2010 operations The company was obligated to pay 650 million into the pension fund but it suffered a 2009 Q1 loss of 400 million so it requested a moratorium on its pension payments in 2009 The unions had insisted on financial guarantees before agreeing on a deal 45 46 In July 2009 Air Canada requested and received CA 1 billion in financial aid from a consortium of entities including the Canadian government ACE and associate company Aeroplan The Centre for Aviation reported that only CA 600 million was actually loaned to Air Canada the rest of the money was from sale leaseback accounting and aggregating an array of biscuit tin savings 47 2010s Edit In December 2010 ACE sold 44 million Air Canada shares 48 followed by the remaining 31 million shares in November 2012 to Cormark Securities Inc 49 In November 2014 Air Canada pilots voted by a majority of 84 in favour of a 10 year contract that allows the country s biggest passenger carrier to use arbitration or mediation to resolve disputes 50 A year later the flight attendants also approved a 10 year agreement apparently by a narrow unstated margin with wage increases increased job security and improvements to working conditions according to Michel Cournoyer the head of CUPE s Air Canada unit 51 New branding and fleet Edit New livery for Air Canada s fleet unveiled at Montreal Trudeau International Airport in February 2017 with an Airbus A321 On 9 February 2017 a new retro red and black aircraft livery was launched to coincide with Air Canada s 80th anniversary and Canada s 150th anniversary of Confederation The update includes design aspects from the logo used between 1964 and 1992 with an overall white colour scheme with a black underside tail fin with red maple leaf rondelle black Air Canada lettering with a red maple leaf rondelle underneath and a black mask surrounding the cockpit windows 52 An Air Canada Airbus A220 300 at Halifax Stanfield International Airport 2020 In December 2013 Air Canada ordered 61 Boeing 737 MAX single aisle narrow body aircraft to replace its existing fleet of Airbus A320 series aircraft with the first MAX 8 variant delivered on 2 November 2017 53 54 Some Airbus Airbus A319s will be transferred to Air Canada s Rouge subsidiary with the remaining fleet retired As part of the deal Boeing purchased 25 Embraer E190s from Air Canada that were retired in 2016 The same year Air Canada signed an agreement with Bombardier Aerospace to replace the E190s with Airbus A220 CSeries aircraft from 2019 55 In July 2017 Air Canada reintroduced Premium Economy on its North American wide body flights 56 In April 2018 Air Canada rebranded its international business class cabin as Air Canada Signature Class 57 Passengers could expect an enhanced menu including the new Air Canada Signature Cocktail in addition new amenity kits a chauffeur service using BMW vehicles at its hubs during domestic to international connections and access to the Air Canada Signature Suite at Toronto Pearson International Airport On select North American routes Air Canada Signature Service is offered on widebody aircraft In May 2018 Air Canada listed Taiwan as part of China to comply with a requirement of China s civil aviation administration 58 On 6 June 2018 Air Canada and Air China signed a joint venture the first joint venture between a North American and Chinese airline 59 Proposed acquisition of Transat A T Edit On 16 May 2019 Air Canada announced it is in exclusive talks to buy Transat A T the parent company that owns Air Transat for 520 million Canadian dollars On 27 June 2019 Transat A T agreed to be purchased by Air Canada for CA 13 per share The deal is still subject to shareholder and regulatory approval On 11 August 2019 Air Canada raised the purchase price of Transat A T to CA 18 per share The overall value of the deal was now 720 million dollars On 23 August 2019 95 of Transat A T shareholders approved the acquisition by Air Canada on that basis The plan was expected to face intense scrutiny from the Competition Bureau and other regulatory authorities including in Europe according to CBC News 60 The agreement was revised downwards in October 2020 to CA 5 per share reflecting the challenges posed to the airline industry by the COVID 19 pandemic The deal was dropped in April 2021 following a failure to secure European Commission approval 61 2020s Edit COVID 19 pandemic Edit Travel restrictions caused by the COVID 19 pandemic forced Air Canada to heavily restrict service On 18 March 2020 the airline announced it would suspend most of its flights by 31 March 62 Service began to return to normal on 22 May with flights to more cities being added over the summer 63 In its first quarterly financial report Air Canada announced it had lost CA 1 05 billion compared to a profit of CA 345 million in Q1 2019 64 The airline similarly suffered in the third quarter reporting a loss of CA 685 million It stated capacity in the fourth quarter of the 2020 fiscal year would be 75 percent lower than the previous year 65 In June 2022 after the provincial governments across the country began lifting pandemic era restrictions Air Canada announced it was cancelling over 150 daily flights in the summer due to unprecedented and unexpected pressure in the aviation industry 66 In April 2021 the Government of Canada acquired 6 4 of Air Canada as a part of a 5 9 billion COVID 19 related assistance package and has not ruled out further investment 10 67 Corporate affairs EditOwnership Edit Air Canada became fully privatized in 1989 68 and its variable voting shares are traded on the Toronto Stock Exchange TSX AC and since 29 July 2016 on OTCQX International Premier in the US under the single ticker symbol ACDVF 69 As of April 2021 the Government of Canada owns approximately 6 4 of Air Canada 10 67 Currently the Air Canada Public Participation Act ACPPA limits ownership of Air Canada s voting interests by non residents of Canada to a maximum of 25 The Canada Transportation Act CTA also requires that Canadians own and control at least 75 of the voting interests of licensed Canadian carriers Accordingly Air Canada s articles contain restrictions to ensure that it remains Canadian as defined under the CTA 8 Executives Edit Prior to 1976 Air Canada was a department of the Canadian National Railway CNR helmed by a department head who reported to the President of CNR Since 1976 the following have been CEO and President 18 1976 1984 Claude Taylor accountant former Air Canada reservation agent and executive 1984 1990 Pierre Jeanniot former Overhaul Research Technician and Air Canada executive 1990 1992 Claude Taylor 1992 1996 Hollis L Harris World Airways CEO 2001 04 Continental CEO and President 1990 92 President of Delta 1996 1999 R Lamar Durrett former executive with Delta Continental and System One 1999 2004 Robert Milton founding partner of Air Eagle Holdings Incorporated 2004 2009 Montie Brewer former United Airlines executive 2009 February 2021 Calin Rovinescu 70 February 2021 present Michael Rousseau Business trends Edit Air Canada had been loss making for several years but was profitable from 2012 71 however due to the impact of the COVID 19 pandemic the company was again loss making in 2020 due to the pandemic The key trends for the Air Canada group including Air Canada Express and Air Canada rouge are years ending 31 December 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020Operating revenue C m 9 739 10 786 11 612 12 114 12 382 13 272 13 868 14 677 16 252 18 065 19 131 5 833Net profits losses after tax C m 24 24 249 131 10 105 308 876 2 038 167 1 476 4 647Number of employees average FTE 22 900 23 200 23 700 24 000 24 500 24 400 24 900 26 100 27 800 29 900 32 900 21 100Number of passengers m 30 32 33 9 34 9 35 8 38 5 41 1 44 8 48 1 50 9 51 5 13 8Passenger load factor 80 7 81 7 81 6 82 7 82 8 83 4 83 5 82 5 82 3 83 3 83 4 61 6Number of aircraft at year end 332 328 331 351 352 364 370 381 395 400 403 344Notes sources 72 72 73 73 71 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 a 81 2020 Activities and income in fiscal 2020 were severely reduced by the impact of the coronavirus pandemicHeadquarters Edit The Air Canada Centre at Montreal Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport serves as the airline s headquarters By federal law Air Canada Public Participation Act Air Canada has been obligated to keep its head office in Montreal 82 83 Its corporate headquarters is Air Canada Centre 84 French Centre Air Canada 85 also known as La Rondelle The Puck in French 86 a 7 storey building located on the grounds of Montreal Trudeau International Airport in Saint Laurent 87 In 1975 Air Canada was headquartered at 1 Place Ville Marie in Montreal 88 In 1990 the airline moved its headquarters to the airport to cut costs 89 Subsidiaries Edit Air Canada Cargo Edit Air Canada Cargo is the company s freight carrying division based at Toronto Pearson offering more than 150 shipping destinations through the Air Canada airline network ground logistics and airline partners 90 Its route network has focused on European destinations through Eastern Canada departure points along with direct services from Vancouver and Calgary to Frankfurt London Paris and Zurich 90 In Toronto a new cargo terminal was completed in early 2002 which featured modernised inventory and conveyor systems 91 Cargo terminals are also found in Vancouver and Montreal Air Canada Express Edit Main article Air Canada Express An Embraer E175 in Air Canada Express livery Operating regional feeder services Air Canada Express is a subsidiary of Air Canada Air Canada Express is the brand name of Air Canada s regional feeder service operated by independent carrier Jazz Aviation 92 Air Canada Jetz Edit Main article Air Canada Jetz Launched in 2002 Air Canada Jetz is a charter service targeting sports teams professional entertainers and corporations The Air Canada Jetz fleet consists of three Airbus A319s in an all business class configuration 93 In February 2014 Air Canada decided to leave the sports charter business 94 However on 17 March 2015 Air Canada announced an agreement with several NHL teams to provide charter services under the Air Canada Jetz brand for six years starting from the 2015 2016 NHL season 95 Air Canada Rouge Edit Main article Air Canada Rouge Air Canada Rouge is a low cost airline and subsidiary of Air Canada Launched in December 2012 Air Canada Rouge is a low cost subsidiary of Air Canada Air Canada Rouge serves predominantly leisure destinations in Europe the Caribbean South America Central America Mexico and the United States 96 using Airbus A319 Airbus A320 and Airbus A321 97 Air Canada Vacations Edit Air Canada Vacations is Air Canada s tour operator All packages include accommodation Aeroplan Miles and roundtrip airfare aboard Air Canada and or its Star Alliance partners Air Canada Vacations offers Executive Class service on select flights nonstop flights from major Canadian cities and daily flights to many destinations 98 99 Aeroplan Edit Main article Aeroplan Aeroplan is Air Canada s loyalty marketing program operated by Groupe Aeroplan Inc which was spun off from Air Canada in 2005 100 However as of 26 November 2018 Air Canada has signed a definitive agreement to re purchase Aeroplan from Aimia Inc 101 Air Canada completed the purchase in January 2019 102 Former subsidiaries Edit Air Canada Jazz Edit Main article Air Canada Jazz Air Canada Jazz was a former subsidiary that operated as a regional airline The subsidiary was spun off in 2006 although it continued to use the Air Canada brand until 2011 In 2001 Air Canada consolidated its wholly owned regional carriers Air BC Air Nova Air Ontario and Canadian Regional Airlines into Air Canada Regional Incorporated Several of these air carriers had previously operated as an Air Canada Connector In 2002 the consolidation was completed with the creation of a new brand Air Canada Jazz Air Canada Jazz was spun off in November 2006 ACE Aviation Holdings is no longer a shareholder of Jazz Aviation LP making it an independent company Air Canada Jazz was the brand name of Air Canada s main regional product from 2002 to 2011 As of June 2011 the Air Canada Jazz brand is no longer being marketed as all regional operators adopted the Air Canada Express name Jazz Aviation is the largest of these affiliates operating 125 aircraft on behalf of Air Canada 103 Air Canada Tango Edit Main article Air Canada Tango On 1 November 2001 Air Canada launched Air Canada Tango designed to offer no frills service and lower fares using a dedicated fleet of 13 Airbus A320s in an all economy configuration of 159 seats In Canada it operated from Toronto to Vancouver Calgary Edmonton Winnipeg Regina Saskatoon Thunder Bay Ottawa Montreal Halifax Gander and St John s In addition it operated non stop service between Toronto and Fort Lauderdale Orlando and Tampa as well as non stop service between Montreal and Fort Lauderdale and Orlando 104 Tango was intended to compete with Canada 3000 105 The Tango service was dissolved in 2004 Air Canada now calls its lowest fare class Tango 106 As of 2018 Air Canada has renamed the Tango fare class to Standard fare 107 Zip Edit Main article Zip airline In 2002 Air Canada launched a discount airline to compete directly with WestJet on routes in Western Canada Zip operated ex Canadian Airlines International 737 200s as a separate airline with its own staff and brightly painted aircraft It was disbanded in 2004 108 Destinations Edit Air Canada s check in counter at Hong Kong International Airport Main article List of Air Canada destinations Air Canada flies to 64 domestic destinations and 158 international destinations across Asia Africa the Americas Europe and Oceania Along with its regional partners the carrier serves over 222 destinations in 47 countries on six continents worldwide 3 Air Canada currently flies one fifth freedom route Sao Paulo Buenos Aires Another fifth freedom route London Mumbai will restart in November 2022 Air Canada had flown a number of fifth freedom routes passenger and cargo rights between two non Canadian destinations 16 Past fifth freedom routes have included Honolulu Sydney London Heathrow Dusseldorf Paris Geneva Paris Munich Paris Berlin Frankfurt Zurich Zurich Zagreb Zurich Vienna Zurich Delhi Manchester Brussels Lisbon Madrid Brussels Prague London Heathrow Delhi London Heathrow Nice London Heathrow Mumbai Singapore Montego Bay Kingston KIN and Santiago Buenos Aires However these were replaced with nonstop routes Vancouver Sydney Toronto Munich Toronto Brussels Toronto Zurich Vancouver Zurich Toronto Vienna Toronto Delhi Vancouver Delhi Toronto Madrid and Toronto Mumbai 109 110 Codeshare agreements Edit Air Canada codeshares with the following airlines 111 Aegean Airlines Aer Lingus Air China Air Dolomiti Air India Air New Zealand All Nippon Airways Asiana Airlines Austrian Airlines Avianca Brussels Airlines Cathay Pacific 112 Central Mountain Air Croatia Airlines Egyptair Emirates 113 Ethiopian Airlines Etihad Airways Eurowings EVA Air Gol Linhas Aereas Inteligentes LOT Polish Airlines Lufthansa Middle East Airlines Qatar Airways 114 Scandinavian Airlines Singapore Airlines SriLankan Airlines Swiss International Air Lines TAP Air Portugal Thai Airways International Turkish Airlines United Airlines Virgin Australia Vistara 115 Interline agreements Edit Air Canada have Interline agreements with the following airlines 111 Aer Lingus Aegean Airlines Aerolineas Argentinas Aeromar 116 Aeromexico Air Algerie airBaltic Air Caledonie Air China Air Creebec Air Dolomiti Air France Air India Air Malta Air Mauritius Air New Zealand Air Serbia Air Tahiti Nui Alaska Airlines All Nippon Airways American Airlines Asiana Airlines Austrian Airlines Avianca Avianca Costa Rica Avianca Ecuador Avianca El Salvador Azul Brazilian Airlines Bearskin Airlines Biman Bangladesh Airlines British Airways Brussels Airlines Canadian North Caribbean Airlines Cathay Pacific Cayman Airways Central Mountain Air China Airlines China Eastern Airlines China Southern Airlines Copa Airlines Croatia Airlines Czech Airlines Delta Air Lines Edelweiss Air Egyptair Emirates Ethiopian Airlines Etihad Airways Eurowings EVA Air Fiji Airways First Air Garuda Indonesia Gol Linhas Aereas Inteligentes Gulf Air Hawaiian Airlines Hong Kong Airlines Iberia Icelandair Japan Airlines Jeju Air Jetstar Airlines Jetstar Asia Airways Jetstar Japan Juneyao Airlines Kenya Airways KLM Korean Air Kuwait Airways LATAM Airlines Group LIAT LOT Polish Airlines Lufthansa Luxair Malaysia Airlines Olympic Air Oman Air Pakistan International Airlines 117 Pascan Aviation Philippine Airlines PAL Airlines Qatar Airways Qantas Royal Air Maroc Royal Jordanian Saudia Scandinavian Airlines Shenzhen Airlines Silver Airways Singapore Airlines South African Airways SriLankan Airlines Swiss International Air Lines TAP Air Portugal Thai Airways International Tunisair Turkish Airlines Ukraine International Airlines United Airlines Vietnam Airlines Virgin Atlantic Virgin Australia WideroeFleet EditMain article Air Canada fleet As of January 2022 Air Canada operates a fleet of 168 aircraft all Airbus and Boeing 118 119 along with 114 more turboprop and Regional Jets flying under the Air Canada Express brand Services EditAir Canada has three classes of service Business Signature Premium Economy and Economy On most long haul international and short haul routes operated by widebody aircraft Signature Class Premium Economy and Economy Class are offered 38 40 most short haul and domestic routes feature Business Class and Economy Class 37 39 All mainline seats feature AVOD Audio Video On Demand and mood lighting Air Canada Express features Business Class and Economy Class on CRJ 900 and Embraer E175 aircraft all other Air Canada Express aircraft have one class economy cabins All narrowbody mainline aircraft as well as Air Canada Express CRJ 900 and Embraer E175 aircraft have onboard Wi Fi installed which is also being installed on all widebody aircraft In the spring of 1987 Air Canada enacted no smoking flights between Canada and New York City as a test After a survey reported that 96 of passengers supported the smoking ban Air Canada extended the ban to other flights 120 Cabins Edit Signature Class Edit Classic pod Executive podThe airline s Signature Class has two types of pods dependent on the type of aircraft Signature Class initially Executive First cabins is Air Canada s international business class product It is offered on all widebody aircraft There are two different cabins available the Executive Pod and the Classic Pod 40 All services feature AVOD Audio Video On Demand on a touch screen noise cancelling headphones and music provided by XM Satellite Radio 121 Executive Pods are featured on all Boeing 777s 787s and are being rolled out on the Airbus A330 300s 122 123 These seats feature electronic flat beds in a 1 2 1 reverse herringbone configuration with a 21 inch 53 3 cm seat width and a 6 foot 7 inch 2 01 m seat pitch 40 AVOD is provided with an 18 inch 45 7 cm touch screen Classic Pods feature electronic flat beds in a 1 1 1 herringbone configuration these are being currently phased out on the Airbus A330 300s The Classic Pods have a 21 inch 53 3 cm seat width and a 6 foot 3 inch 1 91 m seat pitch in a reverse herringbone configuration 40 AVOD is provided with a 12 inch 30 5 cm touch screen 40 Regional Business Class Edit Business Class initially Executive Class is offered on all narrowbody aircraft as well as Air Canada Express CRJ 900 and E175 aircraft On CRJ 900 and E175 aircraft the seat configuration is 1 2 abreast with recline around 120 and a width of 20 inches 0 51 m 39 On Airbus and Boeing narrow body aircraft seat configuration is 2 2 abreast with 124 recline and 21 inches 0 53 m width 39 The seat pitch is 37 to 38 inches 0 94 to 0 97 m All seats feature AVOD and music is provided by XM Satellite Radio 39 On Trans Atlantic flights operated with the Boeing 737 MAX 8 this cabin is sold as Premium Economy Premium Economy Edit Premium Economy seats in an Air Canada Boeing 787 Premium Economy is offered on all Airbus A330 Boeing 777 and Boeing 787 aircraft 122 It features a larger seat and greater recline as compared to economy class in a 2 4 2 configuration Boeing 777 or 2 3 2 configuration Airbus A330 and Boeing 787 with a 20 inch 0 508 m Boeing 777 or 19 5 inch 0 495 m Boeing 787 seat width and a 37 to 38 inches 0 94 to 0 97 m seat pitch Entertainment is personal AVOD Audio Video On Demand while music is provided by XM Satellite Radio 124 Air Canada Rouge operates flights on its aircraft with a premium economy class product branded as Premium Rouge This is sold as a business class product on Rouge flights within North America Economy Class Edit Economy seats on an Air Canada Boeing 737 Max In Economy Class initially Hospitality Service seats are pitched 30 to 32 inches 0 76 to 0 81 m with a width of 17 2 to 18 5 inches 0 44 to 0 47 m and a recline to 3 to 6 inches 0 076 to 0 152 m 38 On Air Canada Rouge aircraft seats are pitched 29 to 30 inches 0 74 to 0 76 m with a width of 17 5 to 18 inches 0 44 to 0 46 m and 3 to 5 inches 0 076 to 0 127 m of recline and does not feature any IFE system In Flight Entertainment Configuration is 3 4 3 on the Boeing 777 3 3 3 on the Boeing 787 2 4 2 on the Airbus A330 3 3 on the Boeing 737 MAX and the Airbus A320 family 2 3 on the Airbus A220 and 2 2 on Bombardier De Havilland and Embraer aircraft All Airbus Boeing and Embraer aircraft as well as the CRJ900 are fitted with personal AVOD audio video on demand Music is provided by XM Satellite Radio 38 Complimentary meals are offered on all international flights outside of North America For domestic North American sun destination and Caribbean flights food and alcoholic beverages can be purchased through Air Canada Bistro GuestLogix point of sale terminals are used while non alcoholic beverages are complimentary On all narrowbody aircraft and newly renovated A330s there is an extra legroom Preferred Seat section in the first few rows and bulkhead and exit rows afterward of the economy cabin which provides up to 4 inches 0 10 m more seat pitch approx 34 to 36 inches 0 86 to 0 91 m aircraft dependent All Air Canada Rouge planes offer Rouge Plus seats which are identical to the Preferred Seats but with up to 6 inches 0 15 m more seat pitch 35 on A319s and 36 on 767s as well as an additional 2 inches 0 051 m of recline Air Canada Express Edit Air Canada Express flights operated by CRJ200 and Q400 aircraft offer a bar and refreshment service on board The CRJ900 and E175 features Business Class and personal AVOD at every seat Flights on board the E175 CRJ200 900 and Q400 which are 90 minutes or more feature Onboard Cafe Cabin crew Edit On 9 February 2017 a new uniform scheme coinciding with Canada s 150th and Air Canada s 80th anniversaries was unveiled Air Canada partnered with Vancouver born fashion designer Christopher Bates to design the new uniforms which incorporate a base colour of black or grey with red lettering and the famous maple leaf 125 Between 2004 and 2017 Air Canada uniforms used a midnight blue colour The uniforms were designed by Canadian fashion designer Debbie Shuchat At a presentation in the Toronto Airport hangar Celine Dion helped the newly solvent airline debut its new image 28 Lounge Edit The Maple Leaf Lounge at Toronto Pearson International Airport The lounge is one of 23 operated by Air Canada Air Canada has 23 Maple Leaf Lounges 126 located at all major airports across Canada and at international locations including London Heathrow Paris Charles de Gaulle Frankfurt Los Angeles Newark and New York LaGuardia 127 The Maple Leaf Lounges are available to passengers holding a same day ticket on Air Canada in Business Class Star Alliance Gold Members Air Canada Super Elite Air Canada Elite Air Canada Maple Leaf Club members American Express Maple Leaf Club members American Express AeroplanPlus Platinum holders holders of a one time guest pass or economy passengers who have purchased lounge access during booking 128 Air Canada shares an Arrivals Lounge at London Heathrow Terminal 2 with some other Star Alliance members It is available to eligible passengers arriving into London from any Air Canada international flight holding a confirmed same day overseas travel boarding card Eligible groups include Business Class Passengers Air Canada Super Elite Air Canada Elite Air Canada Maple Leaf Club Members or American Express Maple Leaf Club 129 Travellers who hold paid memberships to affiliated Star Alliance lounges such as the United Club are also eligible for access to Maple Leaf Lounges 130 Frequent flyer program EditMain article Aeroplan Aeroplan is Air Canada s frequent flyer rewards program both allowing for points collection and spending as well as status and rewards as an Air Canada customer After Air Canada and Aeroplan changed the division of points collection and redemption Air Canada introduced an internal rewards program Altitude The two programs operate in conjunction On 11 May 2017 Air Canada announced it plans to launch a new loyalty program to replace Aeroplan and Altitude in 2020 131 On 10 January 2019 Air Canada re acquired Aeroplan from Aimia 132 133 In 2020 Air Canada Altitude and Aeroplan merged with Aeroplan as the surviving entity 134 In Oct 2022 Air Canada announce some benefit changes for the 35K 50K and 75K member benefits Starting from June 1st 2023 the 35K members will no longer have free Maple Leaf Lounge access instead 35K members will have more improvement for their select benefit The 50K and 75K and Super Elite members now will get a free Virgin Australia lounge 135 Air Canada Altitude Edit A priority check in queue at Beijing Capital International Airport for members of Air Canada Altitude the airline s frequent flyers program On 20 September 2012 Air Canada unveiled its new frequent flyer status program named Air Canada Altitude to supplement Aeroplan Aeroplan remained the frequent flyer rewards program collecting miles which can be spent whereas status level is determined by Altitude standing There are five levels of membership in Air Canada s Altitude Program Basic Prestige 25K Elite 35K Elite 50K Elite 75K and Super Elite 100K The latter three are called Top Tier membership levels and provide travel benefits such as upgrades lounge access priority services e g check in luggage handling and bonuses when earning miles through air travel In order to qualify for these levels a member must earn through flight activities a certain number of miles or a certain number of segments and spending some level of money Altitude refers to these as Altitude Qualifying Miles AQM Segments AQS and Dollars AQD Prestige members and Altitude Elite 35 K receive Star Alliance Silver status while Elite 50K Elite 75K and Super Elite 100K members receive Star Alliance Gold status Air Canada Status Miles are calculated on an annual basis to determine Altitude Membership Status for the following benefit year 1 March through 28 February At the 35K and above levels that level of status is granted when achieved for the remainder of the current year as well as for the next year This coincides with the alliance with Star Alliance and this can give Star Alliance Gold passengers access to any Star Alliance lounge and discounts or upgrades on another Star Alliance member On 8 November 2020 Air Canada Altitude renamed as Aeroplan Elite Status Altitude Qualifying Miles AQM Segments AQS and Dollars AQD have been replaced by Status Qualifying Miles SQM Segments SQS and Dollars SQD 136 Status requirements Edit Beginning 1 January 2016 for the 2017 status year Air Canada began requiring a minimum spend level for each level Altitude Qualifying Dollars In 2021 the Altitude program has been replaced by the Aeroplan program The requirements for 2021 are currently at Aeroplan 25K 25 000 SQM or 25 SQS and 3 000 SQD Aeroplan 35K 35 000 SQM or 35 SQS and 4 000 SQD Aeroplan 50K 50 000 SQM or 50 SQS and 6 000 SQD Aeroplan 75K 75 000 SQM or 75 SQS and 9 000 SQD Aeroplan Super Elite 100 000 SQM or 95 SQS and 20 000 SQDAccidents and incidents EditFor incidents before 1963 see Trans Canada Air Lines Accidents and incidents Date Flight number Description13 June 1964 3277 Vickers Viscount registration CF THT was damaged beyond economical repair when it crash landed at Toronto Airport after the failure of two engines on approach 137 19 May 1967 McDonnell Douglas DC 8 54F CF TJM crashed and burned on a training flight while making a three engine landing at Ottawa Ontario All three crew members were killed There were no passengers on the flight 138 11 September 1968 A Vickers Viscount of Air Canada was hijacked by a Cuban passenger 139 7 April 1969 Vickers Viscount registration CF THK was damaged beyond economic repair by a fire which occurred on takeoff from Sept Iles Airport The aircraft landed back at Sept Iles but one passenger was killed in the fire 140 1 March 1970 106 Vickers Viscount CF THY collided in mid air with Ercoupe 415 CF SHN on approach to Vancouver International Airport The Ercoupe pilot was killed 141 5 July 1970 621 McDonnell Douglas DC 8 63 registration CF TIW exploded from a fuel line rupture caused by engine 4 striking the runway in Toronto Ontario during a landing attempt All 109 passengers crew were killed 142 26 December 1971 932 McDonnell Douglas DC 9 32 Flight departed Thunder Bay Ontario for Toronto Ontario Hijacker Patric Dolan Critton passed a note 20 minutes before landing that read Think We have fragmentary grenades and a 38 caliber revolver Take me to the captain We re going to Havana This is no joke The hijacker permitted the 82 passengers on board to get off the aircraft before the flight was rerouted to Cuba After leaving the hijacker in Havana the Air Canada aircraft safely returned to Toronto Critton was arrested in New York on other charges in 2001 and after serving his sentence was extradited to Canada where he was charged with kidnapping In 1971 there was no offence of hijacking in the Canadian Criminal Code He was sentenced to five years in prison but was released on parole after serving two years 143 144 21 June 1973 890 McDonnell Douglas DC 8 53 registration CF TIJ caught fire and was burnt out during refuelling at Terminal 2 Toronto Pearson International Airport Ontario no fatalities 145 26 June 1978 189 McDonnell Douglas DC 9 32 registration CF TLV overran the runway in Toronto after a blown tire aborted the takeoff Two of the 107 people on board were killed 146 17 September 1979 680 McDonnell Douglas DC 9 32 registration C FTLU left Logan International Airport in Boston MA for Yarmouth NS as Flight 680 Approximately 14 minutes after takeoff the entire tailcone section of the aircraft separated resulting in rapid decompression at an altitude of 25 000 feet 7 600 m leaving a large hole in the rear fuselage A beverage cart and other items in the cabin were blown out of the aircraft over the Atlantic Ocean but there were no fatalities or significant injuries The aircraft safely returned to Boston Fatigue cracks were determined to be the cause This same aircraft would be destroyed by a fire nearly four years later on 2 June 1983 as Air Canada Flight 797 147 148 2 June 1982 McDonnell Douglas DC 9 32 registration C FTLY exploded during a maintenance period in Montreal Quebec no fatalities 149 2 June 1983 797 McDonnell Douglas DC 9 32 C FTLU had an electrical fire in the aft lavatory during flight resulting in an emergency landing at Cincinnati Northern Kentucky International Airport During the emergency evacuation the sudden influx of oxygen caused a flash fire throughout the cabin resulting in the deaths of 23 of the 41 passengers including Canadian folk singer Stan Rogers All five crew members survived The captain was the last person to exit the aircraft 150 This incident was also featured as Fire Flight of Canadian television series Mayday season 4 episode 3 known as Fiery Landing of Air Emergency in the US Air Crash Investigation in the UK and Australia This is Air Canada s most recent fatal accident 23 July 1983 143 Boeing 767 200 C GAUN glided to an emergency landing in Gimli after running out of fuel 12 300 metres 40 400 ft above Red Lake Ontario Some people suffered minor injuries during the evacuation due to the steep angle of the escape slides at the rear of the aircraft caused by the collapse of the nose gear This incident was the subject of the TV movie Falling from the Sky Flight 174 and the book Freefall by William Hoffer 151 This incident was also featured on the National Geographic Channel and Discovery Channel series Mayday season 5 episode 6 16 December 1997 646 Air Canada Flight 646 departed Toronto Lester B Pearson International Airport Ontario at 9 24 PM eastern standard time on a scheduled flight to Fredericton New Brunswick On arrival the Canadair CRJ 100 aircraft registration C FSKI experienced an unstabilized approach in poor visibility and stalled aerodynamically during a late go around attempt The aircraft skidded 2 100 feet 640 m from the point of touchdown and hit a tree An evacuation was conducted however seven passengers were trapped in the aircraft until rescued Of the 39 passengers and 3 crew members 9 were seriously injured and the rest received minor or no injuries The accident occurred at 11 48 PM Atlantic standard time 152 Air Canada was heavily criticized in the media over its employees allegedly entering the crash site and removing the aircraft decals identifying its operator without the permission of the authorities 29 March 2015 624 Air Canada Flight 624 was an Airbus A320 C FTJP flying from Toronto Pearson International Airport to Halifax Stanfield International Airport After 15 minutes in a holding pattern due to a severe winter storm and poor visibility during approach in Halifax the plane impacted the runway approach lights and power lines knocking out power and communications at the airport It then impacted the ground 300m short of the runway continuing on to impact the localizer antenna array and breaking off its landing gear The plane then touched down a second time and slid down the runway losing one of its engines All 133 passengers and five crew evacuated and survived 23 people were sent to the hospital with non life threatening injuries 153 154 155 The aircraft was written off 156 7 July 2017 759 At the conclusion of the regularly scheduled international passenger flight from Toronto to San Francisco Air Canada Flight 759 nearly landed on a taxiway which already had four fully loaded and fueled aircraft holding short for takeoff A retired pilot stated the runway confusion that almost happened probably came close to the greatest aviation disaster in history as five aircraft and over 1 000 passengers were at imminent risk 157 158 3 February 2020 837 Air Canada Flight 837 a Boeing 767 300 suffered a rear tire failure during take off at Madrid Barajas Airport on its way to Toronto causing its left engine to catch fire The pilots managed to extinguish it by shutting the engine down but as that particular 767 300 was not equipped for fuel dumping it had to stay in a single engine holding pattern for over 4 hours to burn fuel and achieve its maximum landing weight while an SAF fighter reported minimal damage to the landing gear The plane landed safely and nobody was injured 159 Privacy concerns EditIn February 2019 TechCrunch reported that the Air Canada mobile app in the iOS App Store incorporated session replay software from the Israeli firm Glassbox This software without the users informed consent recorded users activities and transmitted the data including unredacted credit card data and passport numbers to remote servers This compromised users privacy and contravened the rules of the iOS App Store 160 161 See also EditACE Aviation Holdings Air Canada Rouge Chorus Aviation Jazz Aviation LP List of airlines of Canada List of airports in Canada List of companies of Canada Air Transat Transportation in Canada Air transport in CanadaReferences Edit Transport Canada 28 August 2019 Civil Aviation Services CAS AOC wwwapps tc gc ca Federal Aviation Administration Airline Certificate Information Detail View Federal Aviation Administration Retrieved 27 June 2019 a b c Air Canada Corporate Profile www aircanada com Investors aircanada com Investor Relations Investors Contacts n d Retrieved March 24 2022 from https web archive org web 20160204072053 http www aircanada com en about investor contacts html Pilar Wolfsteller 15 February 2021 Challenges await as Rousseau takes Air Canada helm from Rovinescu FlightGlobal Archived from the original on 4 September 2015 Retrieved 17 February 2021 a b c d 2020 Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes PDF Air Canada Retrieved 3 July 2021 Star Alliance Member Airline Air Canada Star Alliance Archived from the original on 17 April 2009 Retrieved 4 April 2009 a b c Air Canada Corporate Profile aircanada com Air Canada Retrieved 20 August 2019 Revenue passengers carried PDF Air Canada Reports 2017 Annual Results a b c Canadian Taxpayers Now Own Part of Air Canada TravelPulse Retrieved 12 October 2021 a b c d e Air Canada History CBC News 14 May 2004 Archived from the original on 31 March 2009 Retrieved 4 April 2009 Timeline Air Canada s 80th Anniversary moments aircanada com Archived from the original on 27 December 2018 Retrieved 25 February 2017 a b c d e f g Indepth Air Canada Timeline CBC News 20 June 2005 Archived from the original on 21 April 2006 Retrieved 4 April 2009 a b Mills Albert J Mills Jean Helms Masculinity and the Making of Trans Canada Air Lines 1937 1940 A Feminist Poststructuralist Account Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences March 2006 findarticles com Date accessed 18 October 2007 John Vardalas From DATAR to the FP 6000 Archived 4 April 2019 at the Wayback Machine IEEE Annals of the History of Computing Vol 16 No 2 1994 pp 20 30 a b c d e f g h i j k Air Canada Celebrating 70 Years of Leadership Aviation Week amp Space Technology Archived from the original on 15 January 2010 Retrieved 11 January 2010 Sparling Gordon Bala Nicholas 1964 The Queen in Canada Digital video Ottawa National Film Board of Canada a b c d e f g h i j k l m Air Canada Company History International Directory of Company Histories 2009 Retrieved 19 August 2009 Christopher John Dion Joseph P 14 November 2002 Issue Definition The Canadian Airline Industry Government of Canada Depository Services Program Retrieved 4 April 2009 Flight Training Organization How To Become A Commercial Pilot Part 4 Tgblogsite com 10 April 1978 Archived from the original on 12 June 2018 Retrieved 23 May 2015 Air Canada Innovations Air Canada Archived from the original on 30 April 2009 Retrieved 24 May 2009 Air Canada Sells Credit Card Unit The New York Times 27 March 1992 Retrieved 24 May 2009 Air Canada Strike Settled Maclean s 21 September 1998 Archived from the original on 13 February 2009 Retrieved 24 May 2009 Air Canada unions dig in rescue deal seen at risk Usatoday com 5 April 2004 Retrieved 21 February 2011 Air Canada faces deadline on Deutsche Bank deal CBC News 14 May 2004 Retrieved 28 November 2021 Yusufali Sasha Air Canada The Canadian Encyclopedia Retrieved 28 November 2021 ACE Aviation ACE Aviation 31 January 2011 Retrieved 21 February 2011 a b c Air Canada unveils New Look and Leading Edge In Flight Enhancements Canadian Superstar Celine Dion joins Employees to Launch New era for Nation s Flag Carrier prnewswire com 19 October 2004 Date accessed 23 May 2014 Renee Alexander 10 May 2006 WestJet Airlines High Times Businessweek com Retrieved 21 February 2011 Aviation giant retires onAir December 2004 aircanada com Archived 4 February 2016 at the Wayback Machine Date accessed 6 November 2008 Download SEDAR Filings 4 November 2005 Date accessed 20 October 2008 Gigacz Oliver 16 May 2016 Boeing Delivers Air Canada s First 787 Dreamliner Global Aviation Express Retrieved 16 May 2014 Boeing Air Canada Announce 23 Additional 787 Dreamliners 25 April 2007 Archived from the original on 19 January 2010 Retrieved 12 January 2010 Air Canada Our Fleet 24 August 2009 aircanada com Date accessed 24 August 2009 GlobeLink Travel Air Canada Embarks on Extreme Makeover 13 March 2007 Archived 14 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine Date accessed 20 October 2008 Air Canada Air Canada Jazz fleet Date accessed 18 February 2009 a b Cabin Comfort Economy Class North America Date accessed 4 December 2013 a b c d Cabin Comfort Economy Class International Date accessed 4 December 2013 a b c d e Cabin Comfort Business Class North America Date accessed 4 December 2013 a b c d e f Cabin Comfort International Business Class Date accessed 4 December 2013 Air Canada cutting 2 000 jobs trimming capacity CBC News 17 June 2008 Retrieved 1 December 2020 Deveau Scott 24 November 2008 Brewer handling Air Canada obstacles CEO confident carrier has troubles in hand Financial Post Postmedia ProQuest 330796242 Retrieved 1 December 2020 via ProQuest Jang Brent 31 March 2009 Brewer resigns as Air Canada Chief Globe and Mail Retrieved 25 January 2015 Canada 31 March 2009 Air Canada drafts an enforcer He s a fixer and comfortable with confrontation not an airline operator Toronto Business theglobeandmail com Archived from the original on 3 April 2009 Retrieved 21 February 2011 Flaherty appoints ex judge to mediate Air Canada pension issues cbc ca 4 June 2009 Archived from the original on 7 June 2009 Retrieved 21 February 2011 Farley flown in to mediate Air Canada pension talks Financialpost com Retrieved 21 February 2011 dead link Air Canada bailout buys time but Canada Inc sells out to forces of protectionism ACE History and Background PDF ACE Aviation January 2011 Retrieved 14 March 2019 ACE Aviation Archived from the original on 4 September 2015 Retrieved 24 April 2015 Air Canada pilots vote overwhelmingly for 10 year contract Market Business News 1 November 2014 Air Canada flight attendants ratify 10 year deal CBC News 18 November 2015 Retrieved 19 November 2015 Our Nation s Carrier PDF Air Canada 2017 Retrieved 5 November 2017 Air Canada orders 61 Boeing 737 MAX jets 11 December 2013 Retrieved 15 May 2020 Cline Andy 2 November 2017 Air Canada takes its first Boeing 737 MAX Skies Mag Retrieved 5 November 2017 Air Canada to Purchase Bombardier C Series as Part of its Fleet Renewal Program Air Canada Press release 17 February 2016 Retrieved 17 July 2019 Air Canada Travel News and Updates www aircanada com Retrieved 15 June 2017 Air Canada Signature Service Air Canada Retrieved 9 July 2019 Air Canada move to list Taiwan as part of China sees backlash threat of boycot thestar com Retrieved 12 June 2018 Air Canada Air China sign agreement to boost co operation on Canada China flights Global News The Canadian Press 6 June 2018 Retrieved 9 July 2019 Transat shareholders approve Air Canada takeover deal now in regulators hands CBC 23 August 2019 Air Canada Drops Transat Takeover After Battle With Europe Bloomberg com 2 April 2021 Retrieved 3 April 2021 Atkins Eric 18 March 2020 Air Canada to gradually suspend most U S international flights by March 31 The Globe and Mail The Woodbridge Company Retrieved 1 December 2020 Air Canada Announces New Schedule Offering Customers Wide Choice of Destinations for Safe Travel this Summer and Expands Goodwill Policy 22 May 2020 Retrieved 1 December 2020 Air Canada reports 1 05B first quarter loss due to impact of COVID 19 pandemic CBC News Air Canada reports 685M loss in third quarter amid COVID 19 pandemic Global News Corus Entertainment 9 November 2020 Retrieved 1 December 2020 Bharti Bianca 4 July 2022 Air Canada cancels 154 flights a day this summer amid unprecedented and unforeseen strains Financial Post a b Will the 5 9 Billion Bailout Save Air Canada TSX AC From COVID 19 ca finance yahoo com Retrieved 22 April 2021 Transportation Airlines 25 July 2018 Airline competition finally taking off in Canada but barriers keep passengers options limited Financial Post Financial Post Retrieved 6 January 2020 https www aircanada com ca en aco home about corporate profile html 7Ctitle dead link Executive Biographies aircanada com 24 November 2008 Retrieved 21 February 2011 a b Annual Report 2012 PDF Air Canada Retrieved 24 May 2013 a b Annual Report 2010 PDF Air Canada Retrieved 25 May 2013 a b Annual Report 2011 PDF Air Canada Retrieved 24 May 2013 News Release Q4 2013 PDF Air Canada Retrieved 9 March 2014 Annual Report 2014 PDF Air Canada Retrieved 12 April 2015 Annual Report 2015 PDF Air Canada Annual Report 2016 PDF Air Canada Annual Report 2017 PDF 2018 Annual Report PDF Air Canada Retrieved 18 April 2019 2019 Annual Report PDF Air Canada Retrieved 12 May 2020 2020 Annual Report PDF Air Canada Retrieved 12 July 2021 Bill C 29 An Act to amend the Air Canada Public Participation Act LS 536E Parl gc ca Archived from the original on 2 April 2013 Retrieved 23 May 2012 Air Canada Public Participation Act R S C 1985 c 35 4th Supp Justice Laws Website Government of Canada Retrieved 13 May 2018 Investors Contacts Archived 4 February 2016 at the Wayback Machine Air Canada Retrieved on 4 December 2010 Air Canada Centre 7373 Cote Vertu Blvd West Saint Laurent Quebec H4S 1Z3 Coordonnees Investisseurs Archived 4 February 2016 at the Wayback Machine Air Canada Retrieved on 4 December 2010 Centre Air Canada 7373 boul Cote Vertu Ouest Saint Laurent Quebec H4S 1Z3 Israelson David 11 September 1994 Companies eye exits in case of separation Toronto Star Retrieved 23 September 2009 FAQs Air Canada Retrieved on 4 December 2010 Our headquarters are located at 7373 Boulevard Cote Vertu Ouest Dorval Quebec World Airline Directory Flight International 20 March 1975 p 465 Retrieved 24 May 2009 Air Canada layoffs blamed on free trade Archived 1 April 2013 at the Wayback Machine Toronto Star 10 October 1990 A1 Retrieved on 23 September 2009 a b Air Canada Cargo profile Accessmylibrary com 1 October 1996 Retrieved 21 February 2011 Air Canada opens modern new cargo terminal at Toronto hub PDF Air Canada 28 January 2002 Archived from the original PDF on 17 September 2010 Retrieved 26 May 2009 Aeroplane Miles earned partners Aircanada com 16 June 2010 Retrieved 21 February 2011 Air Canada Jetz About Us aircanada com Date accessed 17 May 2014 ottawacitizen com Senators look for a new ride to road games as Air Canada exits charter business Archived from the original on 17 June 2014 Air Canada to Carry Canada s Top Professional Hockey Teams Air Canada Media Centre Archived from the original on 2 April 2015 Retrieved 17 March 2015 Neue Direktverbindung Berlin Toronto ab Sommer 2017 Deutsch Kanadische Gesellschaft Archived from the original on 12 June 2018 Retrieved 26 October 2016 Canadian Civil Aircraft Register Transport Canada 28 August 2013 Retrieved 4 October 2017 Air Canada Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes 2007 subsidiaries p 7 Date accessed 5 November 2008 Air Canada Vacations About Us aircanadavacations com Date accessed 31 October 2008 Leader The 10 February 2007 ACE to spin off unit Canada com Archived from the original on 4 June 2011 Retrieved 21 February 2011 Air Canada signs definitive deal to buy Aeroplan program for 450 million CTVNews 26 November 2018 Retrieved 26 November 2018 Air Canada Completes Acquisition of Aeroplan Loyalty Business 14 January 2019 Retrieved 18 January 2018 History flyjazz ca Archived from the original on 7 March 2009 Retrieved 31 October 2008 CNW Group 10 October 2001 Air Canada Gets Costs Out With Tango Reassigns Existing Capacity to Offer Unique No Frills Value Focussed Alternative to Full Service Mainline Network nieuwsbank nl Archived from the original on 22 May 2011 Retrieved 12 January 2010 Air Canada s Tango steps into service 16 October 2001 flightglobal com Date accessed 8 November 2008 Air Canada fare structure Aircanada com 24 November 2008 Archived from the original on 27 May 2010 Retrieved 21 February 2011 Economy Fares Aircanada com 30 June 2018 Retrieved 30 June 2018 Air Canada s Zip shut down CBC News 8 September 2004 Retrieved 28 November 2021 Air Canada expands in Europe Flightglobal com 10 March 1984 Retrieved 21 February 2011 Air Canada aims at business traveler with Singapore route 12 January 1985 Retrieved 21 February 2011 a b Air Canada Codeshare Partners www aircanada com Retrieved 22 April 2020 Cathay Pacific signs codeshare deal with Air Canada Air Canada Emirates To Codeshare RoutesOnline Retrieved 14 July 2022 What Qatar Airways New Air Canada Codeshare Means for Passengers 18 November 2020 Air Canada Vistara Begins Codeshare Partnership mid June 2022 Curran Andrew 29 March 2022 Air Canada Inks A Partnership With Mexican Airline Aeromar Simple Flying simpleflying com Retrieved 30 March 2022 INTERLINE AND CODESHARE TRAVEL Pakistan International Airlines Archived from the original on 8 March 2022 Retrieved 7 November 2019 Our Fleet Air Canada Fleet Details and History Kramon Glenn Northwest Airlines Bans Smoking on Most Flights The New York Times 24 March 1988 1 Retrieved on 8 February 2012 Air Canada Signature Service Air Canada Retrieved 17 April 2017 a b Air Canada Expands Introduction of New International Business Class and Premium Economy Seating aircanada com Archived from the original on 19 November 2014 Retrieved 18 November 2014 Air Canada AirCanada 24 June 2020 We re celebrating new firsts Like AC311 from Montreal to Vancouver the first flight operated with our newly retrofitted Airbus A330 now featuring our newly reconfigured cabin design t co M1PE9L6ME7 Tweet Retrieved 31 December 2020 via Twitter Premium Economy International aircanada com Retrieved 30 June 2013 Air Canada shows off new colour schemes for planes and staff uniforms Air Canada Maple Leaf Lounge Air Canada Retrieved 23 May 2014 Air Canada Maple Leaf Lounge Locations Air Canada Retrieved 23 May 2014 Maple Leaf Lounge access Air Canada Retrieved 23 May 2014 Air Canada Arrivals Lounge Air Canada Retrieved 23 May 2014 Lounge Access Policy Star Alliance Retrieved 29 October 2016 Galleries Aimia shares crash after Air Canada parts ways with Aeroplan loyalty program 11 May 2017 Retrieved 12 May 2017 Hemmerdinger Jon 10 January 2019 Air Canada closes Aeroplan loyalty programme purchase Flight Global Retrieved 6 January 2020 Air Canada Completes Bringing Aeroplan Loyalty Program Into Its Fold Skift 15 January 2019 Retrieved 6 January 2020 Here Comes The New Aeroplan One Mile at a Time 11 August 2020 Retrieved 28 December 2020 Updates to the Aeroplan Elite Status program u AirCanada Retrieved 1 November 2022 Aeroplan Elite Status Air Canada s New Elite Program Prince of Travel 12 August 2020 Retrieved 28 December 2020 Accident description Aviation Safety Network Retrieved 6 October 2009 Accident description Aviation Safety Network 19 May 1967 Retrieved 24 May 2009 Accident description Aviation Safety Network Retrieved 7 October 2009 Accident description Aviation Safety Network Retrieved 7 October 2009 Accident description Aviation Safety Network Retrieved 8 October 2009 Accident synopsis 07051970 AirDisaster com 5 July 1970 Archived from the original on 21 March 2007 Retrieved 24 May 2009 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint unfit URL link 1971 Canada s first successful plane hijacking cbc ca 22 October 2014 Retrieved 28 November 2021 Canada s First Successful Plane Hijacking noahc org Retrieved 1 February 2015 Hull loss description Aviation Safety Network 21 June 1973 Retrieved 24 May 2009 Accident synopsis 06261978 26 June 1978 Archived from the original on 19 March 2007 Retrieved 24 May 2009 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint unfit URL link 44 in drama over Atlantic as DC 9 jet s tail rips off The Toronto Star 18 September 1979 p 1 Nation Air Scares Time 1 October 1979 Accident Database AirDisaster com 2 June 1982 Archived from the original on 21 March 2007 Retrieved 26 May 2009 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint unfit URL link Accident synopsis 06021983 2 June 1983 Archived from the original on 11 June 2009 Retrieved 24 May 2009 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint unfit URL link Famous Gimli Glider retired from Air Canada service Vancouver Sun 24 January 2008 Archived from the original on 29 June 2008 Retrieved 24 May 2009 Transportation Safety Board of Canada Aviation Investigation Report A97H0011 15 April 1999 Retrieved 24 April 2015 Air Canada AC624 touched down 335 metres short of runway TSB says 29 March 2015 Retrieved 24 April 2015 Air Canada Provides Update No 3 on AC624 Archived from the original on 2 April 2015 Retrieved 24 April 2015 Air Canada Flight 624 crash investigators recover cockpit recorders 31 March 2015 Retrieved 24 April 2015 C FTJP Air Canada Airbus A320 211 cn 233 Planespotters net Archived from the original on 2 April 2015 Retrieved 11 July 2015 Levenson Eric Chan Stella Hassan Carma Ostrower Jon 11 July 2017 Air Canada plane nearly lands on a crowded taxiway at San Francisco airport CNN Retrieved 18 July 2017 Spurr Ben Howells Laura 11 July 2017 Close to the greatest aviation disaster in history Air Canada pilot almost lands on busy taxiway The Star Retrieved 18 July 2017 Redmond Shannon 3 February 2020 Air Canada flight forced to make emergency landing in Madrid Global News Archived from the original on 11 December 2021 Retrieved 15 October 2020 Whittaker Zack 6 February 2019 Many popular iPhone apps secretly record your screen without asking TechCrunch Archived from the original on 6 February 2019 Retrieved 8 February 2019 Clover Juli Some Popular iPhone Apps Secretly Record Your Screen for Analytics Purposes MacRumors Archived from the original on 6 February 2019 Retrieved 8 February 2019 Further reading EditMcArthur Keith 2004 Air monopoly how Robert Milton s Air Canada won and lost control of Canada s skies M amp S ISBN 0 7710 5688 5 Milton Robert 2004 Straight from the Top The Truth About Air Canada Greystone Books ISBN 1 55365 051 4 External links Edit Media related to Air Canada at Wikimedia Commons Official website Mobile Air Canada Jazz CBC Digital Archives Turbulent Skies The Air Canada StoryPortals Canada Companies Aviation Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Air Canada amp oldid 1131936600, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.