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Wikipedia

Cathay Pacific

April 23, 2023

This article is about the airline based in Hong Kong. It is not to be confused with Cebu Pacific.

Cathay Pacific Airways Limited (CPA), more widely known as Cathay Pacific (Chinese: 國泰航空), is the flag carrier of Hong Kong, with its head office and main hub located at Hong Kong International Airport. The airline's operations and subsidiaries have scheduled passenger and cargo services to over 190[6][7] destinations and present in more than 60 countries worldwide including codeshares and joint ventures. Cathay Pacific operates a fleet consisting of Airbus A321, Airbus A321neo, Airbus A330, Airbus A350, and Boeing 777 aircraft.[8] Cathay Cargo operates two models of the Boeing 747. Defunct wholly-owned subsidiary airline Cathay Dragon, which ceased operations in 2020, previously flew to 44 destinations in the Asia-Pacific region from its Hong Kong base. In 2010, Cathay Pacific and Cathay Pacific Cargo (then Cathay Cargo), together with Dragonair (then Cathay Dragon), carried nearly 27 million passengers and over 1.8 million tons of cargo and mail.

Cathay Pacific
IATA ICAO Callsign
CX CPA CATHAY
Founded24 September 1946; 76 years ago (1946-09-24)
AOC #1[1]
HubsHong Kong International Airport
Frequent-flyer programCathay[2]
AllianceOneworld
Subsidiaries
Fleet size171[3]
Destinations76
Traded asSEHK: 293
HeadquartersCathay City, Hong Kong International Airport, Chek Lap Kok, Hong Kong[4]
Key people
Revenue HK$51.036 billion (2022)[5]
Operating income HK$3.546 billion (2022)[5]
Profit −HK$6.547 billion (2022)[5]
Total equity HK$63.884 billion (2022)[5]
EmployeesMore than 21,200 (2022, including subsidiaries)[5]
Websitewww.cathaypacific.com
Cathay City, the corporate headquarters of Cathay Pacific.
Cathay Pacific Airways Limited
Traditional Chinese國泰航空公司
Simplified Chinese国泰航空公司
Cantonese YaleGwoktaai Hòhnghūng Gūngsī
JyutpingGwok3taai3 Hong4hung1 6gung1si1
Literal meaningCathay Aviation Limited Company
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinGuótài Hángkōng gōngsī
Yue: Cantonese
Yale RomanizationGwoktaai Hòhnghūng Gūngsī
JyutpingGwok3taai3 Hong4hung1 6gung1si1
Cathay Pacific Airlines
Traditional Chinese國泰航空
Simplified Chinese国泰航空
Cantonese YaleGwoktaai Hòhnghūng
JyutpingGwok3taai3 Hong4hung1
Literal meaningCathay Aviation
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinGuótài Hángkōng
Hakka
RomanizationGet5(or gok5)tai4 Hong2kung1
Yue: Cantonese
Yale RomanizationGwoktaai Hòhnghūng
JyutpingGwok3taai3 Hong4hung1
Brand name in Chinese
Traditional Chinese國泰
Simplified Chinese国泰
Cantonese YaleGwoktaai
JyutpingGwok3taai3
Literal meaningcountry (being) prosperous / Cathay

The airline was founded on 24 September 1946 by Australian Sydney H. de Kantzow and American Roy C. Farrell. The airline celebrated its 70th anniversary in 2016; and as of March 2021, its major shareholders are Swire Pacific, with a 42.3% stake and Air China, with a 28.2% stake.

Cathay Pacific is[when?] the world's fifth largest airline measured by sales, and fourteenth largest measured by market capitalisation.[9] In 2010, Cathay Pacific became the world's largest international cargo airline, along with main hub Hong Kong International Airport as the world's busiest airport measured by cargo traffic.[10] The company slogan is Move beyond.[11]

It is one of the founding members of Oneworld alliance.

History

1946–1960: The early years

 
A Douglas DC-3 named Betsy, Cathay Pacific's first aircraft, in the Hong Kong Science Museum.
 
Niki, a DC-3 painted to imitate the appearance of the carrier's second aircraft, outside Cathay City

Cathay Pacific Airways was founded on 24 September 1946 in Hong Kong. Sydney "Syd" de Kantzow, Roy Farrell,[12][13][14] Neil Buchanan, Donald Brittan Evans and Robert "Bob" Stanley Russell were the initial shareholders.[13] Buchanan and Russell had already worked for de Kantzow and Farrell at Roy Farrell Import-Export Company, the predecessor of Cathay Pacific,[15][14][16] that was initially headquartered in Shanghai.[12][13][17] Both de Kantzow and Farrell were Ex-Air Force pilots who had flown The Hump, a route over the Himalayan mountains.[18] Farrell purchased the airline's first aircraft, a Douglas DC-3, nicknamed Betsy, at Bush Field, New York City in 1945.[15]: 29  The company began freight services on 28 January 1950 from Sydney to Shanghai, after Farrell and Russell flew the plane to Australia and obtained a licence to carry freight (but not passengers) earlier that month.[15]: 36–37  Its first commercial flight was a shipment of Australian goods.[15]: 37  The profitable business soon attracted attention from the Republic of China Government Officials.[15]: 44  After several instances where the company's planes were detained by authorities in Shanghai,[15]: 44  on 11 May 1946 the company relocated, flying its two planes to Hong Kong.[19] Farrell and de Kantzow re-registered their business in Hong Kong on 24 September 1946 as Cathay Pacific Airways Limited,[12][13] while another sister company, The Roy Farrell Export Import Company (Hong Kong) Limited, was incorporated on 28 August 1946[13] and chartered some flights from Cathay.[15]: 58  (According to International Directory of Company Histories, two companies were formed for tax purposes.[18])

They named the airline Cathay, the ancient name given to China, and Pacific because Farrell speculated that they would one day fly across the Pacific[15]: 56  (which happened in the 1970s).[20] Moreover, to avoid the name "Air Cathay" as it had already been used in a comic.[15]: 55  The Chinese name for the company ("國泰") was not settled on until the 1950s.[citation needed] It comes from a Chinese idiom meaning "Peace and Prosperity"[21] and was at the time often used by other businesses called "Cathay" in English.

According to legend, the airline's unique name was conceived by Farrell and some foreign correspondents at the bar of the Manila Hotel,[12][15]: 55  while another narrative was the name was taken in the Cathay Hotel in Shanghai Bund, during drinking and brainstorming, and choosing Cathay was to avoid the word China in the airline name.[15]: 53  On Cathay Pacific's maiden voyage, de Kantzow and Peter Hoskins flew from Sydney to Hong Kong via Manila.[15]: 53  The airline initially flew routes between Hong Kong, Sydney, Manila, Singapore, Shanghai, Saigon, Bangkok,[15]: 58  with additional chartered destinations.[15]: 59  The airline grew quickly. By 1947, it had added another five DC-3s and two Vickers Catalina seaplanes to its fleet.[15]: 234 [18]

In 1948, a new legal person of Cathay Pacific Airways was incorporated,[13][18] with John Swire & Sons (now known as Swire Group),[13][22] China Navigation Company, Australian National Airways being the new shareholders of the new entity,[13] acquiring the assets from the old legal person;[13] the old legal person, was renamed into Cathay Pacific Holdings, as well as retaining 10% shares of the new Cathay Pacific Airways.[13] de Kantzow, Farrell and Russell were the shareholders of Cathay Pacific Holdings at that time.[13] It was reported that the colonial British government of Hong Kong required the airline was majority-owned by the British. Despite de Kantzow being a British subject through his Australian roots, Farrell was an American, thus forcing them to sell their majority stake.[15]: 79 [18] Under Swire's management, de Kantzow remained in the airline until 1951,[15]: 123 [18] while Farrell had sold his minority stake in Cathay Pacific soon after Swire's takeover in 1948, due to his wife's health problems.[15]: 115 [18] He returned to Texas and became a successful businessman.[15]: 115 

Swire later acquired 52% of Cathay Pacific Airways.[citation needed] As of 31 December 2017, the airline is still owned by Swire Group to the extent of 45% through its subsidiary Swire Pacific Limited, as the largest shareholder.[23][24] However, Swire Group also formed a shareholders' agreement with the second largest shareholder, Air China (which was[clarify] controlled by state-owned China National Aviation Holding), which Cathay Pacific and Air China had a cross ownership.[24]: 41, 104 

In the late 1940s, the Hong Kong Government divided the local aviation market between Cathay Pacific and its only local competitor, the Jardine Matheson-owned Hong Kong Airways:[15]: 117–118  Cathay Pacific was allocated routes to the south (including South-East Asia and Australia), while Hong Kong Airways was allocated routes to the north (including mainland China, Korea, and Japan). The situation changed with the establishment of the People's Republic of China and the Korean War, which reduced the viability of the northern routes. In 1959, Cathay Pacific acquired Hong Kong Airways,[18] and became the dominant airline in Hong Kong.

Under Swire, another important sister company, HAECO, was established in 1950.[15]: 130  Nowadays, it's one of the major aeroplane repair service companies of Hong Kong with divisions in other cities of China.[which?]

1960–1990: Expansion

 
A Cathay Pacific Convair 880, as operated from 1964 until 1974.

The airline prospered in the late 1950s and into the 1960s, and it purchased Hong Kong Airways, on 1 July 1959.[25] Between 1962 and 1967, the airline recorded double digit growth on average every year and became one of the world's first airlines to operate international services to Fukuoka, Nagoya and Osaka in Japan.[citation needed] In 1964, it carried its one millionth passenger[citation needed] and acquired its first jet engine aircraft, the Convair 880.[citation needed] In 1967, it became an all jet airline with the replacement of its last Lockheed L-188 Electra with a Convair 880.[26]

 
A Lockheed L-1011 TriStar at Osaka International Airport in 1972–1994 livery with the British Union Flag and the logo of parent company Swire.

In the 1970s, Cathay Pacific installed a computerised reservation system and flight simulators.[27] In 1971, Cathay Pacific Airways received the first Boeing aircraft 707-320B.[28] By 1972 it had five 707s.[29] The new aircraft colour was known as Brunswick green.[30] In July 1976 it began operating a Boeing 707 freighter from Hong Kong to Seoul, Bangkok and Singapore.[31]

In 1974, Cathay Pacific almost purchased the McDonnell Douglas DC-10 to open a new flight route. During the flight route application process with the British government, due to the pressure from the British government, Cathay Pacific changed the application to apply for a route from Hong Kong to London using a Boeing 747. The application was ultimately rejected.[32] In 1979, the airline acquired its first Boeing 747 and applied for traffic rights to fly to London in 1980, with the first flight taking place on 16 July.

Expansion continued into the 1980s. In 1982, Cathay Pacific Airways introduced Cathay Pacific Cargo, which provided cargo service to ingratiate the trend of Hong Kong, becoming one of the largest re-export trading ports of the world. The airline's long-haul dedicated cargo services started a twice a week with Hong Kong-Frankfurt-London service operated jointly with Lufthansa.[33] Cathay Pacific kept its service to Vancouver in 1983, with service on to San Francisco in 1986, when an industry-wide boom encouraged route growth to many European and North American centres including London, Brisbane, Frankfurt, Amsterdam, Rome, Paris, Zurich and Manchester.[34]

On 15 May 1986, the airline went public and was listed in the Main Board of the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong.[35]

1990–2000: Rebranding, renewal, and Oneworld

In January 1990, Cathay Pacific and its parent company, Swire Pacific, acquired a significant shareholding in Dragonair, and a 75% stake in cargo airline Air Hong Kong in 1994.[36] In 1994, the airline launched a program to upgrade its passenger service, including a HK$23 million program to update its image. Its logo was updated in 1994 and again in 2014.[37]

The airline began a fleet replacement program in the mid-1990s, which cost a total of US$9 billion.[38] In 1996, CITIC Pacific increased its holdings in Cathay Pacific from 10% to 25%, and two other Chinese companies, CNAC(G) and CTS, also bought substantial holdings, while the Swire Group holding was reduced to 44%.[39] According to the International Directory of Company Histories, the sale of a 12.5% stake of Cathay Pacific by Swire Pacific to a Chinese state-owned company was regarded "as evidence of China's sincerity in maintaining the prosperity of Hong Kong."[22]

In 1997, Cathay Pacific updated the registration numbers and flags on its fleet in conjunction with the handover of Hong Kong from the United Kingdom to China.[40][41] On 21 May 1998, Cathay Pacific took the first delivery of the Boeing 777-300 at a ceremony in Everett.[42] On 21 September 1998, Cathay Pacific, together with American Airlines, British Airways, Canadian Airlines, and Qantas, co-founded Oneworld airline alliance.[43][44] Cathay Pacific temporarily took over the domestic and international operations of Philippine Airlines during its two-week shutdown from 26 September to 7 October 1998.[45] The airline was hurt by the Asian financial crisis of the late 1990s, but recorded a record HK$5 billion profit in 2000.[46]

Transfer to Chek Lap Kok and transpolar flights

On Monday, 6 July 1998, Cathay Pacific terminated flights from Kai Tak International Airport to London Heathrow Airport after over 73 years of operation. The next day, Cathay Pacific began flights from New York John F. Kennedy International Airport to the new Hong Kong International Airport at Chek Lap Kok. This flight was also the world's first nonstop transpolar flight from New York to Hong Kong.[47]

2000–2010: Industrial troubles and acquisitions

 
Cathay Pacific operated three Airbus A340-600s from 2002 to 2009.

The year 2000 saw the Cathay Pacific, experience labour relations issues while completing the acquisition of Dragonair.[48]

The 49ers – employment dispute

In 2001, the Hong Kong Aircrew Officers Association (HKAOA) launched a "work to rule" campaign to further its campaign for pay improvements and changes to roster scheduling practices. The action involved pilots refusing to work flights that were not scheduled on their roster. Although this alone did not cause extensive disruption, rostered pilots began to call in sick for their flights. Combined with the work to rule campaign, the airline was unable to cover all of its scheduled flights, and cancellations resulted. Cathay Pacific steadfastly refused to negotiate with the HKAOA under threat of industrial action.[49]

On 9 July 2001, reportedly following a comprehensive review of the employment histories of all its pilots, the company fired 49 of its 1,500 pilots. This group became known colloquially as "the 49ers". Nearly half of the fired pilots were captains, representing five percent of the total pilot group. Of the 21 officers of the HKAOA, nine were fired, including four of the seven union negotiators.[50]

Then-HKAOA president Captain Nigel Demery took the view that "the firing was pure intimidation, a union-bust straight up, designed to be random enough to put the fear in all pilots that they might be next, no reason given".[50] The dismissals were challenged in a number of legal proceedings, but none were reinstated. The airline later offered the 49 pilots it terminated in 2001 the chance to reapply for pilot positions with its cargo division, guaranteeing such applicants first interviews, subject to passing psychometric testing. Nineteen former employees applied and twelve were offered jobs.

On 11 November 2009, 18 of the 49ers succeeded in the Hong Kong Court of First Instance concerning their joint claims for breach of contract, breach of the Employment Ordinance, and defamation.

Judge Anselmo Reyes ruled that the airline had contravened the Employment Ordinance by dismissing the pilots without a valid reason, adding that they had been sacked primarily because of union activities. He also held that remarks by then-chief operating officer Philip Chen Nanlok and current chief executive Tony Tyler after the sackings were defamatory. The judge handed the pilots a victory in their long-running legal battle, with individual awards of HK$3.3 million for defamation together with a month's pay and HK$150,000 for the sackings.

On 24 December 2010, judges Frank Stock, Susan Kwan and Johnson Lam of the Court of Appeal overturned the judgment of the lower court to the extent that the claim for wrongful termination of the contract was dismissed. The finding that Cathay Pacific wrongly sacked the 18 pilots for their union activities was upheld. The court upheld the defamation claim but reduced the damages for the defamatory comments made by Cathay Pacific management. The judges also modified the judgment awarding payment of legal costs to the pilots and instead said that they should now pay some of Cathay's costs.[51]

The leader of the 49er Plaintiffs, Captain John Warham, launched a book titled The 49ers – The True Story on 25 March 2011.[52]

The pilots were awarded leave on 26 October 2011 to take their case to the Court of Final Appeal. The matter was heard before Hon. Mr. Justices Bokhary, Chan and Ribeiro who are all Permanent Judges of the Court of Final Appeal. The matters to be decided upon by the Court concerned wrongful termination of contract and the level of damages for defamation. The case was heard by the Court of Final Appeal on 27 August 2012.

On 26 September 2012, 11 years after they were sacked, the 49ers were finally judged[53] to have won the 3 prime issues of their legal case: breach of contract, breach of the Employment Ordinance, and defamation. The Court of Final Appeal agreed with the Court of Appeal's methodology for reducing the defamation damages. However, it reinstated one month's salary for each of the 49ers.

Regarding breach of contract,[54] the overall picture leading to dismissal and events immediately after were analysed by the courts, not just the dismissal letter. Regarding the Employment Ordinance, an important aspect was that the judge defined the scope of "union activities" and its protection for workers in Hong Kong. The Court concluded: "Accordingly, most (possibly all) union-sponsored action is potentially protected by s 21B(1)(b), but if the action is not carried out "at [an] appropriate time", it is excluded from the provision". There was no challenge by Cathay Pacific to the Court of Appeal's decision to uphold the original Judge's conclusion that the statements made by Cathay Executives were defamatory of the plaintiffs.

John Warham, referring to the effect the fight has had on pilots' families, said: "In terms of human life, three people are dead because of what Cathay Pacific did to us. That's on their conscience, I hope they can live with that."[55]

Acquisition and downsizing of Dragonair

On 28 September 2006, the airline underwent a shareholding realignment under which Dragonair became a wholly owned subsidiary but continued to operate under its brand. Acquiring Dragonair meant gaining more access to the restricted, yet rapidly growing, Mainland China market and more opportunities for sharing of resources. CNAC, and its subsidiary, Air China, acquired a 17.5 percent stake in Cathay Pacific, and the airline doubled its shareholding in Air China to 17.5 percent. CITIC Pacific reduced its shareholding to 17.5 percent and Swire Group reduced its shareholding to 40 percent.[56][57][58]

 
A Dragonair Airbus A320-200.

Dragonair had originally planned significant international expansion. It was already operating services to Bangkok and Tokyo, and was to have a dedicated cargo fleet of nine Boeing 747-400BCF aircraft by 2009 operating to New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, San Francisco and Columbus.[59] It had also acquired three Airbus A330-300 aircraft to commence services to Sydney and Seoul.[60]

Following the acquisition by Cathay Pacific, Dragonair's proposed expansion plans underwent a comprehensive route compatibility analysis with the Cathay network to reduce duplication. Dragonair services to Bangkok and Tokyo were terminated, and new services launched to Sendai, Phuket, Manila, and Kathmandu. With the merging of similar departments at the two previously separate airlines, some Dragonair staff have had their employment contracts transferred to Cathay Pacific, except Dragonair Pilots and Cabin Crew and others made redundant due to the efficiencies gained in the merger. This resulted in an approximately 37 percent decrease in the amount of staff contractually employed by Dragonair.[citation needed]

In January 2016, Cathay Pacific announced it was rebranding Dragonair as Cathay Dragon.[61]

On 21 October 2020, Cathay Pacific announced that it would shut down all operations of Cathay Dragon and merge it with its parent company due to the lack of customers and heavy economic problems brought by the COVID-19 pandemic. This merger marked the end for the subsidiary carrier after 35 years of operation.[62] Cathay Pacific and its wholly owned subsidiary, HK Express, would take over Cathay Dragon's existing routes.[63]

Economic challenges

 
A Cathay Pacific Boeing 777-300ER arrives at London Heathrow Airport.

To celebrate the airline's 60th anniversary in 2006, a year of roadshows named the "Cathay Pacific 60th Anniversary Skyshow" was held where the public could see the developments of the airline, play games, meet some of the airline staff, and view vintage uniforms. Cathay Pacific also introduced anniversary merchandise and in-flight meals served by restaurants in Hong Kong in collaboration with the celebrations.[64]

In June 2008, Cathay Pacific entered into a plea bargain with the United States Department of Justice in respect of antitrust investigations over air cargo price-fixing agreements. It was fined US$60 million. The airline has subsequently set up an internal Competition Compliance Office, reporting to chief operating officer John Slosar, to ensure that the Group complies with all relevant competition and antitrust laws in the jurisdiction in which it operates. The breaches for which Cathay Pacific Cargo were being investigated in the US were not illegal under Hong Kong competition law.[65][66]

In September 2008, three of Cathay Pacific's top ten global accounts, Lehmann Brothers, AIG and Merrill Lynch, hit financial trouble.[67]

 
A Cathay Pacific Boeing 747–400 at Singapore Changi Airport.

In March 2009, the airline reported a record full-year loss of HK$8.56 billion for 2008, which was also the carrier's first since the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis. The record loss included fuel-hedging losses of HK$7.6 billion and a HK$468 million charge for a price-fixing fine in the US It had to scrap its final dividend. The hedging losses were a result of locking in fuel prices at higher than the prevailing market price. As of the end of 2008, Cathay Pacific has hedged about half of its fuel needs until the end of 2011. The airline at the time estimated that it would face no further cash costs from the hedges if the average market price stood at US$75, enabling it to recoup provisions it made in 2008.[68]

The flattening out of fuel prices resulted in Cathay Pacific recording a paper fuel hedging gain for its half-year reports for 2009. However, as a result of the global economic situation, the Group reported an operating loss. Given the current economic climate, and in line with the steps being taken by other major airlines around the world, the airline has undertaken a comprehensive review of all its routes and operations. This has resulted in frequencies being reduced to certain destinations, ad hoc cancellations on other routes, deferred capital expenditure, parked aircraft and introduced a Special Leave Scheme for staff to conserve money.[69] According to CEO Tony Tyler, the yield from passengers was "hugely down" and the airline had lost "a lot of premium traffic". He noted that it could take 20 passengers in economy to make up for the lost revenue of one fewer first class passenger flying to New York from Hong Kong.[70]

Current developments

 
Cathay Pacific and Cathay Dragon aircraft at Hong Kong International Airport in 2018.

In 2010, the airline set another record high profit, amounting to HK$14.05 billion despite record losses set in the same decade. At the same time, Cathay Pacific had taken delivery of several new aircraft types, including the Airbus A330-300 and Boeing 777-300ER.[71] Tony Tyler left his position as CEO at the airline on 31 March 2010 to pursue his new job at the IATA. Chief operating officer John Slosar had succeeded as the new CEO.[72] In addition, New Zealand's Commerce Commission had dropped charges against Cathay Pacific concerning the air cargo price-fixing agreements.[73] In 2014, the airline underwent the largest network expansion in recent years which included the addition of links to Manchester, Zurich and Boston.

On 8 October 2016, Cathay Pacific retired their last passenger Boeing 747 (a 747–400 with reg B-HUJ) with a farewell scenic flight around Hong Kong after over 35 years of service of the type. Cathay operated the 747 since August 1979, when it was inaugurated on services to Australia.[74]

During the first half of 2016, Cathay Pacific's passenger yields fell 10 per cent, to the lowest in seven years as competing airlines from Mainland China increased direct service to the U.S. and Europe, hurting the company's revenue from its Hong Kong hub.[75] In October, Cathay Pacific scrapped its profit forecast for the second half of the year, less than two months after its issuance.[76]

From 15 September 2016, Cathay Pacific decided to reintroduce fuel surcharge on many flights after its half-year net profits dropped over 80% and it suffered HK$4.5 billion loss from wrong bets on fuel prices.[77] As of September 2016, Oil prices were halved from 2014 and stayed below US$50 a barrel.[77]

2018 data breach

In 2018, the airline discovered a data breach.[78] Data of around 9.4 million passengers were compromised during the breach, with 860,000 passport numbers, 245,000 Hong Kong identity card numbers, 403 expired credit card numbers, and 27 credit card numbers without CVV being accessed. However, no passwords were stolen. The breach was suspected in March 2018 but was confirmed only in May 2018.[79][80] In March 2020, the company was fined £500,000 (U.S. $639,600) by the British Information Commissioner's Office (ICO) and avoided the heftier penalty of U.S. $564 million under the European Union's GDPR-derived data privacy laws, which were not in force during the discovery of the breach.[81]

2017–2019 transformation

Under new leadership, the airline started to transform its business after suffering from 2 years of consecutive loss. The strategy focuses on 5Ps – Places, Planes, Product, People, and Productivity to find new sources of revenue, deliver more value to its customers and improve efficiency and productivity.[82][83]

The airline restructured its organisation to be more agile and faster in decision making as well as responding to customers' needs. It has also launched 13 new routes since 2017, introduced a wide range of changes to its service, including bringing back hot meals on its most busy route between Hong Kong and Taipei,[84] designed an inflight menu that features famous Hong Kong dishes[85] served in all cabins, and revamped its Business Class service proposition[86] to provide more choice, more personalisation, better presentation and improved quality in its food and beverages offerings.

The airline has also invested significantly in other hard product and digital offerings such as an upgraded website, new or refurbished lounges across its network, including the first airline lounge yoga studio[87] at The Pier – Business in Hong Kong. Wi-Fi was introduced in 2017 and will be retrofitted across its fleet by 2020.[88]

In February 2019, the airline issued a profit alert to the Hong Kong Stock Exchange indicating a profit of HK$2.3 billion for the 2018 financial year, signaling early signs of success of its transformation.[89]

Acquisition of HK Express

On 27 March 2019, Cathay Pacific officially announced it would acquire HK Express, the only low-cost carrier in Hong Kong, citing to "expect synergies in generating a new business model and is a practical way to support long-term development and to enhance competitiveness". The transaction takes Cathay Pacific HK$4.93 billion total. The transaction is closed in July 2019 and HK Express has become Cathay Pacific's wholly owned subsidiary.[90][91]

Hong Kong protests

During the 2019–20 Hong Kong protests, Cathay Pacific employees participated in protests at Hong Kong International Airport. The Beijing government, which is a shareholder in Cathay Pacific, ordered Cathay to suspend any employees who participated in the protest. Cathay chairman, John Slosar, responded saying, "We employ 27,000 staff in Hong Kong doing all sorts of different jobs... we certainly wouldn't dream of telling them what they have to think about something."[92] Cathay Pacific later suspended a pilot who was arrested during a protest, and CEO Rupert Hogg declared his support of the government, and reiterated that employees who violated the company's code of conduct could be dismissed.[93] On 16 August, Hogg resigned due to "intense criticism" from Chinese authorities as a result of Cathay staff participating in the protests.[94] "Chief customer and commercial officer", Paul Loo, also resigned.[95] By late September, Cathay Pacific and Cathay Dragon had terminated the employment of 31 aviation professionals, or forced their resignations, on the basis of their participation in protests or expressions of support for them.[96][97]

COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic led to travel bans and significantly reduced flight demands, which caused Cathay Pacific to cut international flights in response. In 2020, 96% of all flights from March to May were cancelled, while the group's subsidiary HKExpress suspended all flight operations from 23 March to 30 April 2020, due to reduced demand.[98] At one point during the crisis, only 582 passengers flew with Cathay Pacific in an entire day.[99]

In December 2020, the company said that it expected losses in the second half higher than the losses of the first half due to low demand, restructuring charges and impairments on its fleet.[100]

In 2021, the company posted a record annual loss of $2.8 billion for 2020.[101] It was also announced that the company would cut an additional 8,500 jobs.[102]

On April 22, 2021, the company began their job cuts by closing their Canada Pilot base, on the same day they began consultation with pilots on Australia and New Zealand Pilot bases regarding base closure in those jurisdictions. Pilots with the right to live and work in Hong Kong are offered employment, however those without the right to live and work in Hong Kong are to face redundancy. On the same day, they announced that they will review bases in Europe and USA later in the year.[103]

On May 12, 2021, the company announced the closing of their Frankfurt Pilot base. Around 50 pilots' jobs are at risk. As with the Canada base closed announced two and a half weeks earlier, pilots with the right to live and work in Hong Kong will be offered jobs while those without the right to live and work in Hong Kong will face redundancy.[104]

In June 2021, the company said that losses in 1H 2021 are expected to be lower than US$1.27 billion in 2020, due to cost-saving measures and strong demand for cargo flights.

Recapitalisation and government bailout

On 9 June 2020, Cathay Pacific, Swire Pacific and Air China halted stock trade pending the announcement. On 10 June, Cathay Pacific and the Government of Hong Kong jointly announced a HK$39 billion recapitalisation plan and rescue package for Cathay Pacific.[105] In the rescue package, the Government of Hong Kong will be issued HK$19.5 billion dividend-paying preference shares and HK$1.95 billion of warrants, giving it 6% stake. The stake of the three major stakeholders, Swire Pacific, Air China and Qatar Airways will fall to 42%, 28% and 9.4% due to the government stake. Also, Cathay Pacific will receive a HK$7.8 billion bridging loan and the Government would have the right to appoint two observers on Cathay's board. Finance Secretary of HKSAR Government, Paul Chan, said "It is not our intention to become a long-term shareholder of Cathay Pacific."[106]

Corporate affairs, identity and senior leadership

 
Cathay City, the airline's head office, located at Hong Kong International Airport.

Cathay Pacific's head office, Cathay City, is located at Hong Kong International Airport.[4] Cathay City was scheduled to be built in increments between April and September 1998.[107] The headquarters opened in 1998.[108] Previously the airline's headquarters were at the Swire House, which was a complex in Central named after the airline's parent company.[109]

Major Shareholders

Subsidiaries and associates

Cathay Pacific has diversified into related industries and sectors, including ground handling, aviation engineering, inflight catering.[110]

Companies with Cathay Pacific Group stake include:

Company Type Principal activities Incorporated in Group's Equity Shareholding
Air China Corporate Airline China 20%[111]
Air China Cargo Joint Venture Cargo airline China 49%**[111]
AHK Air Hong Kong Limited Subsidiary Cargo airline Hong Kong 100%[111]
Airline Property Limited Subsidiary Property Investment Hong Kong 100%[111]
Airline Store Property Limited Subsidiary Property Investment Hong Kong 100%[111]
Asia Training Property Limited Subsidiary Property Investment Hong Kong 100%[111]
Asia Miles Limited Subsidiary Travel Reward Hong Kong 100%[111]
Cathay Holidays Limited Subsidiary Tour Operator Hong Kong 100%[111]
Cathay Pacific Aero Limited Subsidiary Financial Services Hong Kong 100%[111]
Cathay Pacific Aircraft Lease Finance Limited Subsidiary Aircraft Leasing Hong Kong 100%[111]
Cathay Pacific Aircraft Services Limited Subsidiary Aircraft Acquisition Isle of Man 100%[111]
Cathay Pacific Catering Services (HK) Limited Subsidiary Catering services Hong Kong 100%[111]
Cathay Pacific MTN Financing Limited Subsidiary Financial services Cayman Islands 100%[111]
Cathay Pacific Services Limited Subsidiary Cargo Hong Kong 100%[111]
Cebu Pacific Catering Services Inc. Joint Venture Airline catering Philippines 40%[111]
Dell Fresh Limited Subsidiary Catering Hong Kong 100%[111]
Ground Support Engineering Limited Joint Venture Airport ground engineering support and equipment maintenance Hong Kong 50%[111]
Global Logistics System HK Company Limited - Air Cargo Computing Hong Kong 95%[111]
Guangzhou Guo Tai Information Processing Company Limited Subsidiary Information processing China 100%[111]
HAECO ITM Ltd. Joint Venture Inventory technical management services Hong Kong 30%[111]
Hong Kong Airport Services Limited Subsidiary Ground handling Hong Kong 100%[111]
Hong Kong Aviation and Airport Services Limited Subsidiary Property Investment Hong Kong 100%[111]
Hong Kong Express Airways Subsidiary Airline Hong Kong 100%[112]
LSG Lufthansa Service Hong Kong Limited – Airline catering Hong Kong 32%[111]
Shanghai International Airport Services Co., Limited Joint Venture Ground handling China 25%[111]
Snowdon Limited Subsidiary Financial services Hong Kong 100%[111]
Troon Limited Subsidiary Financial services Hong Kong 100%[111]
Vogue Laundry Service Limited Subsidiary Laundry and Dry Cleaning Hong Kong 100%[111]
**Shareholding held through subsidiary at 25%, another 24% held through an economic interest with total holding at 49%

Livery

 
A Boeing 777-300ER painted in the 1994–2015 livery landing at Hong Kong International Airport.
 
A Boeing 777-300ER in the current 2015 livery taking off from Zurich Airport.

Before November 1994, all Cathay Pacific aircraft used a "green lettuce" livery and carried the British flag on the empennage. After the handover, aircraft carry the Brand Hong Kong logo and with HONG KONG or in Chinese 香港 under or beside the Brand Hong Kong logo instead of using the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) flag. The HKSAR flag has never appeared on any aircraft.

All Cathay Pacific aircraft carry the following livery, logos and trademarks: the "Brushwing" livery on the body and on the vertical stabiliser, introduced in the early 1990s, and was first deployed on a Boeing 747–400 (VR-HOT, re-registered as B-HOT), ahead of the launch of Airbus A340 service for Cathay Pacific. It also features the "Asia's world city" brandline, the Brand Hong Kong logotype and the dragon symbol; the Oneworld logo and the Swire Group logo.[113][114][115]

The brushwing logo consists of a calligraphic stroke against a green background; the stroke is intended to appear like the wing of a bird. The previous logo, consisting of green and white stripes, was in place from the early 1970s until 1994.[116]

In November 2015, the airline revealed a refreshed version of its previous livery, featuring a simpler paint scheme while maintaining their trademark brushwing on an all-green tail.[117] It was first unveiled on a Boeing 777-300ER (B-KPM), in preparation for the delivery of the first Airbus A350 for Cathay Pacific. The aircraft was withdrawn from service in June 2020 amidst the COVID-19 pandemic and returned to its lessor in September 2021 at the expiration of its lease.[118] The second aircraft was a freighter aircraft, Boeing 747-400ERF (B-LIA).

Senior leadership

  • Chairman: Patrick Healy (since November 2019)
  • Chief Executive: Ronald Lam (since January 2023)

List of former chairmen

  1. E. McLaren (1948)
  2. E. G. Price (1948–1949)
  3. C. C. Roberts (1949–1950)
  4. E. G. Price (1950); second term
  5. C. C. Roberts (1950–1951); second term
  6. J.A. Blackwood (1951–1957)
  7. W. C. G. Knowles (1957–1964)
  8. H. J. C. Browne (1964–1973)
  9. Sir John Bremridge (1973–1980)
  10. Duncan Bluck (1981–1984)
  11. Michael Miles (1984–1988)
  12. David Gledhill (1988–1992)
  13. Peter Sutch (1992–1999)
  14. James Hughes-Hallett (1999–2004)
  15. David Turnbull (2005–2006)
  16. Christopher Pratt (2006–2014)
  17. John Slosar (2014–2019)

List of former chief executives

chief executive officers were referred to as Managing Directors before 1 July 1998.

  1. Sydney de Kantzow (1946–1948)[119][120]
  2. M. S. Cumming (1948–1950)[15]
  3. W. C. G. Knowles (1950–1957)
  4. H. J. C. Browne (1957–1958)[121][122]
  5. W. B. Rae-Smith (1958–1960)
  6. H. J. C. Browne (1960–1961); second term
  7. Sir John Bremridge (1961–1971)[121]
  8. Duncan Bluck (1971–1978)
  9. Michael Miles (1979–1984)
  10. Peter Sutch (1984–1992)
  11. Sir Rod Eddington (1992–1996)
  12. David Turnbull (1996–2005)
  13. Philip Chen (2005–2007)
  14. Tony Tyler (2007–2011)
  15. John Slosar (2011–2014)
  16. Ivan Chu (2014–2017)
  17. Rupert Hogg (2017–2019)
  18. Augustus Tang (2019–2022)

Destinations

Main article: List of Cathay Pacific destinations

Cathay Pacific serves 88 destinations (including cargo), but not including codeshare in 46 countries and territories on five continents, with a well-developed Asian network. The airline serves many gateway cities in North America and Europe, with easy connections with its Oneworld and codeshare partners, American Airlines and British Airways via Los Angeles and London, respectively. Also, the airline serves ten French cities via a codeshare partnership with French national rail operator, SNCF, from Paris.

Codeshare agreements

Cathay Pacific has codeshare agreements with the following airlines:[123][124]

The airline also has a codeshare agreement with French high speed trains (SNCF) from TGV station at Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport to ten French cities.[133][134] as well as codeshare agreement with ferry operators – Cotai Water Jet and Chu Kong Passenger Transport Co., Ltd to connect passengers from Hong Kong to Macao, Zhuhai, Shenzhen, Shekou and Guangzhou in the Greater Bay Area. In addition, there is a codeshare agreement with Bahrain Limo for bus services between Bahrain and Dammam.

Fleet

 
A Cathay Pacific Airbus A350-1000 XWB taking off from Hong Kong International Airport.
Main article: Cathay Pacific fleet

Cathay Pacific operates narrow-body, wide-body, twin-engine commercial fleet composed of Airbus A321, Airbus A321neo, Airbus A330, Airbus A350 and Boeing 777 aircraft[135] and a Boeing 747 cargo fleet.[8] The airline also has more Airbus A321neo, Airbus A350 and Boeing 777X aircraft on order.

Loyalty programs

Cathay Pacific has two loyalty programs: The loyalty program Cathay Club and Asia Miles, the travel reward program. Members of Cathay are automatically enrolled as Asia Miles members.

During 2020, Cathay Pacific abolished its previous Marco Polo Club & introduced its successor, the Cathay Club.

The Cathay Club also abolished the Diamond Plus Tier which existed in the Marco Polo Club, the Diamond Tier is currently the highest tier in the Cathay Club.

Cathay Club

The Cathay Club is divided into four tiers, Green (entry level), Silver, Gold, and Diamond, based on the member's past travel. A joining fee of US$100 is applicable for a Cathay Club membership. Members earn Club Points on eligible fare classes with Cathay Pacific and Oneworld member airlines. These are used to calculate the member's eligibility for membership renewal, upgrade or downgrade during the membership year. Higher-tiered members are provided with increased travel benefits such as guaranteed Economy Class seat, additional baggage allowance, priority flight booking and airport lounge access. The Cathay Club membership is terminated after 12 months of inactivity or failure to meet minimum travel criteria as outlined in the membership guide and will be downgraded to Asia Miles member.[136][137]

Green

The Green Tier is the entry level to the Cathay Club. Benefits include dedicated 24-hour club service line for flight reservations, designated Cathay Club check-in counters, excess baggage allowance and lounge access redemption, and priority boarding. One Business Class lounge voucher will be issued for the member or their travelling companion at reaching 200 Club Points. The Green Tier does not have a status point expiration date, & points will remain available for lifetime in the Green Tier.

Silver

Silver Tier level is achieved or retained when the member earns 300 Club Points during the membership year. Additional benefits for Silver Card members include advanced seat reservations, priority waitlisting, Business Class check-in counters, 10 kg (22 lb) extra baggage allowance, priority baggage handling, and Business Class lounge access when flying Cathay Pacific operated flights. Additionally, members are eligible to use the Frequent Visitor e-Channels for seamless self-service immigration clearance at Hong Kong International Airport. At 450 Club Points, members will be issued two Business Class lounge vouchers for their travelling companions. Also, members are entitled to apply for at most three Membership Holidays in their lifetime, retaining their status for one year for each application.[citation needed]

Cathay Club Silver tier status is equivalent to Oneworld Ruby tier status, which entitles members to Oneworld Ruby benefits when travelling on a Oneworld member airline.[138][139]

 
The Wing, Cathay Pacific's flagship airline lounge, located at Chek Lap Kok International Airport.
Gold

Gold tier level is achieved or retained when the member earns 600 Club Points during the membership year. Additional benefits for Gold Card members include a guaranteed Economy Class seat on Cathay Pacific flights booked 72 hours before departure, 15 kg (33 lb) or one piece of extra baggage allowance, Business Class lounge access with one accompanying guest when flying Cathay Pacific and Oneworld-operated flights and arrival lounge access when flying Cathay Pacific-operated and marketed flights. Two Business Class lounge vouchers will be issued for their travelling companions or members on their Asia Miles Redemption List at reaching 800 Club Points. At reaching 1000 Club Points, four Cabin Upgrade vouchers (for Cathay Pacific-operated short-haul or medium-haul routes) will be issued to members and their travelling companions.[citation needed]

Cathay Club Gold tier status is equivalent to Oneworld Sapphire tier status, which entitles members to Oneworld Sapphire benefits when travelling on a Oneworld member airline.[138]

Diamond

The highest tier in the Cathay Club. Diamond tier level is achieved or retained when the member earns 1200 Club Points during the membership year. Additional benefits for Diamond Card members include top priority waitlisting, guaranteed Economy Class or Business Class seat on Cathay Pacific flights booked 24 hours before departure, First Class check-in counters, 20 kg (44 lb) or one piece of extra baggage allowance, First Priority baggage handling, First Class lounge access with two guests when flying Cathay Pacific-operated flights, one guest when flying Oneworld operated flights and Business Class lounge access with two guests when flying on any airline. At 1400 Club Points, members will be issued with two First or Business lounge vouchers for their travelling companions or members on their Asia Miles Redemption List. At 1600 Club Points, four Cabin Upgrade vouchers (for any Cathay Pacific-operated routes) will be issued to members, travelling companions and members on their Asia Miles Redemption List. At 1800 Club Points, members can nominate one member for Cathay Gold tier membership.[citation needed]

Cathay Club Diamond tier status is equivalent to Oneworld Emerald tier status, which entitles members to Oneworld Emerald benefits when travelling on a Oneworld member airline.[138]

Asia Miles

Main article: Asia Miles

Asia Miles is a loyalty and frequent-flyer program where members can earn Asia Miles with more than 500 partners in 9 categories: Airlines, Hotels, Finance & Insurance, Dining & Banquets, Retail, Travel & Leisure, Cars & Transport, Telecoms and Professional Services. Members can also earn miles when shopping online through iShop which offers a variety of products and brands. Members can use the miles to redeem travel, electronic items, culinary items, concert tickets, and other lifestyle awards. It was named "Best Frequent Flyer Program" at the 2011 Business Traveller Asia-Pacific Travel Awards ceremony.[140][needs update]

Services

Ground handling

 
Self-check-in kiosks at Chek Lap Kok Airport.

Beginning in 2007, Cathay Pacific launched more methods to check in for flights. Among them were self-check-in using a kiosk at Hong Kong International Airport and other select destinations and checking in via a mobile phone. Cathay Pacific also launched a mobile application on App Store and Google Play, formerly named CX Mobile. Passengers can use the application to check flight arrivals and departures, check in for their flights and read about the destinations they are flying to using City Guides. The app has become a hit with passengers, making Cathay Pacific one of the industry leaders in offering mobile services to users of smartphones.[141][142]

Cathay Pacific is also now following a trend among many airlines to improve its brand image to customers and shareholders with social media, and is ranked fourth worldwide.[143] The airline now uses a range of social media tools including Facebook, Flickr, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube and blogging to share ideas with customers.[144] In addition, it has launched a virtual tour to enable passengers to experience Cathay Pacific's new cabins and services without having to step aboard the aircraft.[145]

On 4 January 2011, the cargo division of the airline, Cathay Pacific Cargo, became the first airline operating out of Hong Kong to fully switch to e-air waybill. This eliminates the need for all paper documents when issuing air waybills. The International Air Transport Association (IATA) selected nine countries and territories and airlines in which to run the e-AWB pilot program, including Hong Kong and Cathay Pacific.[146]

Cabin

First Class

 
A First Class seat on board a Boeing 777-300ER.

First Class is offered only on select Boeing 777-300ERs and features 6 seats in a 1-1-1 configuration. The first class seats can be converted into fully lie-flat beds measuring 36 in × 81 in (91 cm × 206 cm). The seats include a massage function, a personal closet, an ottoman for stowage or guest seating, and adjustable 18.5 in (47 cm), HD personal televisions (PTV). First class passengers are welcome to use Oneworld or Cathay Pacific first class lounges at their departure airport.[147][148][149]

Business Class

 
Business Class cabin on board an Airbus A330-300.

Business Class is offered on all internationally configured aircraft. It is available on all Airbus A350s and Boeing 777-300ERs, as well as select Airbus A330-300s. Cathay Pacific introduced a new business class seat in 2011, featuring reverse herringbone seating in a 1-2-1 configuration. Each seat converts into a fully flat bed of length 82 inches (210 cm), with a width of up to 21 inches (53 cm). Each seat features a small, enclosed side cabinet, and an adjustable 18.5 in (47 cm) personal television.[150] In 2016, upon delivery of brand new Airbus A350s, Cathay Pacific introduced a refreshed reverse herringbone seat designed by Porsche Design, with HD personal televisions and additional enclosed storage space on the side.[151]

Regional Business Class

Business Class is offered on all regionally configured aircraft. It is available on all Airbus A320s, Airbus A321s, Airbus A321neos, and Boeing 777-300s, as well as selected Airbus A330-300s. Seats have 21 in (53 cm) width and recline to 47 in (120 cm) of pitch and feature electrical recline and leg rest. A 12 in (30 cm) PTV is located in the seat back offers AVOD. In 2021, the airline has updated the cabin with a new seat on the Airbus A321neo, featuring a new design with hard-shell recliner seats that incorporate divider screens and a 15.6-inch PTV.[152]

All Business Class passengers are allowed to use Oneworld or Cathay Pacific business class lounges prior to departure.[153][154][155]

Premium Economy

 
New Premium Economy seats on the Airbus A350-900 XWB.

Premium Economy is offered on all Airbus A350s and Boeing 777-300ERs, as well as selected Airbus A330-300s. Cathay Pacific introduced a premium economy class in March 2012.[156] The seat pitch is 38 inches – six inches more than Economy Class – and the seat itself is wider and have a bigger recline. It has a large meal table, cocktail table, footrest, a 10.6-inch personal television, an in-seat power outlet, a multi-port connector for personal devices, and extra personal storage space. The Premium Economy Class seat offers a higher level of comfort with more living space in a separate cabin before the Economy Class zone.

In 2016, on delivery of the Airbus A350-900 fleet, Cathay Pacific introduced a new Premium Economy seat, which features a 12.1 in (31 cm) HD PTV, and improved pitch of 40 inches (100 cm). The new seats are configured in a 2-4-2 configuration, with a width of 18.5 in (47 cm).[157]

Economy Class

 
2012 type Economy Class cabin on a Boeing 777-300ER.

Cathay Pacific currently has 5 types of Economy Class, different on each aircraft. From the oldest 2012 type to the newest 2021 type, each has its own unique feature.

2007 Economy Class (333, ex. 340, 747, 777)

The phased-out old Economy Class seats, previously offered on aircraft outfitted with the refurbished long-haul interiors, were designed by B/E Aerospace and introduced in July 2008.[158] These seats include a fixed back design (shell) that allows passengers to recline without intruding on those seated behind, a 9 in (23 cm) PTV providing AVOD, AC power located behind a larger tray table, a coat hook and a literature pocket that has been relocated to below the seat cushion to create more legroom. The fixed shell of these seats has been criticised.[159] The previous Economy Class seats each feature 6 in (15 cm) PTVs with a choice of 25 channels. These seats are 17 in (43 cm) in width and have 32 in (81 cm) of pitch. These seats were replaced with an updated Economy Class seat on aircraft receiving the Cathay Pacific's updated long-haul interior configuration. This is no longer available as it is replaced by the new 2018 Economy Class (it's gone).[160]

2012 Economy Class (333, ex. 777)

Cathay Pacific updated its economy class seats in March 2012, replacing the older fixed back design. They have a six-inch recline (two inches over the current long-haul economy seat). These seats are 17.5 in (44 cm) in width and have 32 in (81 cm) of pitch.[161][162]

2016 Economy Class (359)

Cathay Pacific released their new economy class on the A350-900, featuring dark green seats with a 11.1 inch touch screen, USB ports and a tablet tray. Also, seats have access to 110-volt AC power. With the new economy class design, new in-flight entertainment was also provided. The headrest size has been enlarged.[163]

2017 Economy Class (777)

Since 2017, all Boeing 777s are retrofitted with a new seat featuring a change in configuration from 9 abreast to 10 abreast. This increased the economy class seats on board the −300 series from 356 to 396 seats & the −300ER from 182/268 seats to 201/296 seats. All new seats feature new 11.6-inch touch screens, USB ports, & improved seat pitch. The seat width is 17.2 in (44 cm).

2018 Economy Class (351)

The A350-1000 Economy Class' design is based on the 2017 Economy Class design. A separate drink holder and a bottle pouch are added. The seat padding is thicker than any other types of Economy Class. The headrest is also bigger.[164]

2021 Economy Class (321)

The 2021 Economy Class is identical to 2018 Economy Class design except for several upgrades- a 4k PTV.[165][166]

Catering

 
A fruit and cheese course served in First Class.
 
A starter served in Cathay Pacific's Business Class.

Food and beverages are complimentary on all flights, with two hot meals generally served on each flight for long haul flights, along with free alcoholic beverages.[167] Foods served on flights from Hong Kong are provided by Cathay Pacific Catering Services (CPCS) facilities in Hong Kong.[168] CLS Catering Services Limited, a joint venture with LSG Sky Chefs, provides inflight catering from Toronto and Vancouver airports;[169][170] while Vietnam Air Caterers, a joint venture between CPCS and Vietnam Airlines, provides the same for flights from Ho Chi Minh City.[171] Meals on Manila–Hong Kong flights are typically served in snack bags as complimentary snacks and drinks.

In-flight entertainment

StudioCX (2012)

The first type is the StudioCX system that was launched in 2012. Now, it can only be found in unrefurbished A330s. The old system features movies, TV, music, inflight map and some games. The system is identical to Cathay Dragon's Entertainment (StudioKA).[172]

StudioCX (2016)

In 2016, following the new A350-900, Cathay Pacific launched the new entertaining system. Even though on the website, it still says it's StudioCX, but on the system, they seem to give up on the old name "StudioCX". The new system features a brand new, modern and lighter design. There are lots of new content from the old system, following a new moving map (rather than the stuck map from the StudioCX system), live TV, reading materials, magazines, news, shopping, Sports24 (only on A350) and more movies. Resolution is 4K on A321s. In 2017, the introduction for the StudioCX is updated.[173][174][175][176]

StudioCX, Cathay Pacific's in-flight entertainment system, equipped with personal televisions in every seat, offers movies, Asian and Western TV programs, music and games. The airline also provides a range of different newspapers and magazines from around the world, including the airline's in-flight magazine Discovery. Passengers with visual impairment can request for Hong Kong's South China Morning Post in Braille to be available on board.[177] StudioCX provides Audio/Video on Demand (AVOD) for every passenger and offers up to 100 movies, 350 TV programs, about 1000 CD albums in 25 different genres, 25 radio channels and more than 70 interactive games.[175][176]

Accidents and incidents

Cathay Pacific had ten incidents and accidents over its history, although none have resulted in a hull loss or loss of life since 1972. Cathay Pacific is generally regarded to have a good safety reputation and has been rated as one of the world's safest airlines.[178]

  • On 16 July 1948, Miss Macao, a Cathay Pacific-subsidiary-operated Consolidated PBY-5A Catalina (VR-HDT) from Macau to Hong Kong was hijacked by four men, who killed the pilot after take-off. The aircraft crashed in the Pearl River Delta near Zhuhai. Twenty-six people died, leaving only one survivor, a hijacker. This was the first hijacking of a commercial airliner in the world.[179]
  • On 24 February 1949, a Cathay Pacific Douglas C-47 Skytrain (registered VR-HDG) from Manila to Hong Kong, crashed near Braemar Reservoir after a go-around in poor weather. All 23 people on board died.[180]
  • On 13 September 1949, a Cathay Pacific Douglas C-47 Skytrain (registered VR-HDW) departing from Anisakan, Burma, crashed on take-off when the right-hand main gear leg collapsed. There were no reported fatalities.[181]
  • On 23 July 1954, a Cathay Pacific Douglas C-54 Skymaster (registered VR-HEU) from Bangkok to Hong Kong was shot down by aircraft of the People's Liberation Army Air Force in the South China Sea near Hainan Island. Ten people died, leaving nine survivors. After the incident, Cathay Pacific received an apology and compensation from the People's Liberation Army Air Force. It was apparently mistaken for a Nationalist Chinese military aircraft.[182]
  • On 5 November 1967, Cathay Pacific Flight 033, operated by a Convair 880 (registered VR-HFX) from Hong Kong to Saigon, overran the runway at Kai Tak Airport. One person was killed and the aircraft was written off.[183]
  • On 15 June 1972, Cathay Pacific Flight 700Z, operated by a Convair 880 (registered VR-HFZ) from Bangkok to Hong Kong, disintegrated and crashed while the aircraft was flying at 29,000 feet (8,800 m) over Pleiku, Vietnam after a bomb exploded in a suitcase placed under a seat in the cabin, killing all 81 people on board.[184] This remains the last Cathay Pacific incident to involve a total hull-loss and passenger fatalities.
 
B-HLL, the Airbus A330 involved in the Flight 780 Incident.

See also

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April 23, 2023
cathay, pacific, this, article, about, airline, based, hong, kong, confused, with, cebu, pacific, parts, this, article, those, related, recent, history, 2021, 2022, need, updated, please, help, update, this, article, reflect, recent, events, newly, available, . This article is about the airline based in Hong Kong It is not to be confused with Cebu Pacific Parts of this article those related to recent history 2021 2022 need to be updated Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information October 2022 Cathay Pacific Airways Limited CPA more widely known as Cathay Pacific Chinese 國泰航空 is the flag carrier of Hong Kong with its head office and main hub located at Hong Kong International Airport The airline s operations and subsidiaries have scheduled passenger and cargo services to over 190 6 7 destinations and present in more than 60 countries worldwide including codeshares and joint ventures Cathay Pacific operates a fleet consisting of Airbus A321 Airbus A321neo Airbus A330 Airbus A350 and Boeing 777 aircraft 8 Cathay Cargo operates two models of the Boeing 747 Defunct wholly owned subsidiary airline Cathay Dragon which ceased operations in 2020 previously flew to 44 destinations in the Asia Pacific region from its Hong Kong base In 2010 Cathay Pacific and Cathay Pacific Cargo then Cathay Cargo together with Dragonair then Cathay Dragon carried nearly 27 million passengers and over 1 8 million tons of cargo and mail Cathay PacificIATA ICAO CallsignCX CPA CATHAYFounded24 September 1946 76 years ago 1946 09 24 AOC 1 1 HubsHong Kong International AirportFrequent flyer programCathay 2 AllianceOneworldSubsidiariesAir Hong KongHK ExpressFleet size171 3 Destinations76Traded asSEHK 293HeadquartersCathay City Hong Kong International Airport Chek Lap Kok Hong Kong 4 Key peoplePatrick Healy Chairman Ronald Lam CEO RevenueHK 51 036 billion 2022 5 Operating incomeHK 3 546 billion 2022 5 Profit HK 6 547 billion 2022 5 Total equityHK 63 884 billion 2022 5 EmployeesMore than 21 200 2022 including subsidiaries 5 Websitewww wbr cathaypacific wbr comCathay City the corporate headquarters of Cathay Pacific Cathay Pacific Airways LimitedTraditional Chinese國泰航空公司Simplified Chinese国泰航空公司Cantonese YaleGwoktaai Hohnghung GungsiJyutpingGwok3taai3 Hong4hung1 6gung1si1Literal meaningCathay Aviation Limited CompanyTranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinGuotai Hangkōng gōngsiYue CantoneseYale RomanizationGwoktaai Hohnghung GungsiJyutpingGwok3taai3 Hong4hung1 6gung1si1Cathay Pacific AirlinesTraditional Chinese國泰航空Simplified Chinese国泰航空Cantonese YaleGwoktaai HohnghungJyutpingGwok3taai3 Hong4hung1Literal meaningCathay AviationTranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinGuotai HangkōngHakkaRomanizationGet5 or gok5 tai4 Hong2kung1Yue CantoneseYale RomanizationGwoktaai HohnghungJyutpingGwok3taai3 Hong4hung1Brand name in ChineseTraditional Chinese國泰Simplified Chinese国泰Cantonese YaleGwoktaaiJyutpingGwok3taai3Literal meaningcountry being prosperous CathayTranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinGuotaiYue CantoneseYale RomanizationGwoktaaiJyutpingGwok3taai3The airline was founded on 24 September 1946 by Australian Sydney H de Kantzow and American Roy C Farrell The airline celebrated its 70th anniversary in 2016 and as of March 2021 update its major shareholders are Swire Pacific with a 42 3 stake and Air China with a 28 2 stake Cathay Pacific is when the world s fifth largest airline measured by sales and fourteenth largest measured by market capitalisation 9 In 2010 Cathay Pacific became the world s largest international cargo airline along with main hub Hong Kong International Airport as the world s busiest airport measured by cargo traffic 10 The company slogan is Move beyond 11 It is one of the founding members of Oneworld alliance Contents 1 History 1 1 1946 1960 The early years 1 2 1960 1990 Expansion 1 3 1990 2000 Rebranding renewal and Oneworld 1 3 1 Transfer to Chek Lap Kok and transpolar flights 1 4 2000 2010 Industrial troubles and acquisitions 1 4 1 The 49ers employment dispute 1 4 2 Acquisition and downsizing of Dragonair 1 4 3 Economic challenges 2 Current developments 2 1 2018 data breach 2 2 2017 2019 transformation 2 3 Acquisition of HK Express 2 4 Hong Kong protests 2 5 COVID 19 2 6 Recapitalisation and government bailout 3 Corporate affairs identity and senior leadership 3 1 Major Shareholders 3 2 Subsidiaries and associates 3 3 Livery 3 4 Senior leadership 3 4 1 List of former chairmen 3 4 2 List of former chief executives 4 Destinations 4 1 Codeshare agreements 5 Fleet 6 Loyalty programs 6 1 Cathay Club 6 2 Asia Miles 7 Services 7 1 Ground handling 7 2 Cabin 7 2 1 First Class 7 2 2 Business Class 7 2 3 Regional Business Class 7 2 4 Premium Economy 7 2 5 Economy Class 7 3 Catering 7 4 In flight entertainment 8 Accidents and incidents 9 See also 10 References 11 External linksHistory EditThis article or section appears to be slanted towards recent events Please try to keep recent events in historical perspective and add more content related to non recent events September 2020 Learn how and when to remove this template message 1946 1960 The early years Edit A Douglas DC 3 named Betsy Cathay Pacific s first aircraft in the Hong Kong Science Museum Niki a DC 3 painted to imitate the appearance of the carrier s second aircraft outside Cathay City Cathay Pacific Airways was founded on 24 September 1946 in Hong Kong Sydney Syd de Kantzow Roy Farrell 12 13 14 Neil Buchanan Donald Brittan Evans and Robert Bob Stanley Russell were the initial shareholders 13 Buchanan and Russell had already worked for de Kantzow and Farrell at Roy Farrell Import Export Company the predecessor of Cathay Pacific 15 14 16 that was initially headquartered in Shanghai 12 13 17 Both de Kantzow and Farrell were Ex Air Force pilots who had flown The Hump a route over the Himalayan mountains 18 Farrell purchased the airline s first aircraft a Douglas DC 3 nicknamed Betsy at Bush Field New York City in 1945 15 29 The company began freight services on 28 January 1950 from Sydney to Shanghai after Farrell and Russell flew the plane to Australia and obtained a licence to carry freight but not passengers earlier that month 15 36 37 Its first commercial flight was a shipment of Australian goods 15 37 The profitable business soon attracted attention from the Republic of China Government Officials 15 44 After several instances where the company s planes were detained by authorities in Shanghai 15 44 on 11 May 1946 the company relocated flying its two planes to Hong Kong 19 Farrell and de Kantzow re registered their business in Hong Kong on 24 September 1946 as Cathay Pacific Airways Limited 12 13 while another sister company The Roy Farrell Export Import Company Hong Kong Limited was incorporated on 28 August 1946 13 and chartered some flights from Cathay 15 58 According to International Directory of Company Histories two companies were formed for tax purposes 18 They named the airline Cathay the ancient name given to China and Pacific because Farrell speculated that they would one day fly across the Pacific 15 56 which happened in the 1970s 20 Moreover to avoid the name Air Cathay as it had already been used in a comic 15 55 The Chinese name for the company 國泰 was not settled on until the 1950s citation needed It comes from a Chinese idiom meaning Peace and Prosperity 21 and was at the time often used by other businesses called Cathay in English According to legend the airline s unique name was conceived by Farrell and some foreign correspondents at the bar of the Manila Hotel 12 15 55 while another narrative was the name was taken in the Cathay Hotel in Shanghai Bund during drinking and brainstorming and choosing Cathay was to avoid the word China in the airline name 15 53 On Cathay Pacific s maiden voyage de Kantzow and Peter Hoskins flew from Sydney to Hong Kong via Manila 15 53 The airline initially flew routes between Hong Kong Sydney Manila Singapore Shanghai Saigon Bangkok 15 58 with additional chartered destinations 15 59 The airline grew quickly By 1947 it had added another five DC 3s and two Vickers Catalina seaplanes to its fleet 15 234 18 In 1948 a new legal person of Cathay Pacific Airways was incorporated 13 18 with John Swire amp Sons now known as Swire Group 13 22 China Navigation Company Australian National Airways being the new shareholders of the new entity 13 acquiring the assets from the old legal person 13 the old legal person was renamed into Cathay Pacific Holdings as well as retaining 10 shares of the new Cathay Pacific Airways 13 de Kantzow Farrell and Russell were the shareholders of Cathay Pacific Holdings at that time 13 It was reported that the colonial British government of Hong Kong required the airline was majority owned by the British Despite de Kantzow being a British subject through his Australian roots Farrell was an American thus forcing them to sell their majority stake 15 79 18 Under Swire s management de Kantzow remained in the airline until 1951 15 123 18 while Farrell had sold his minority stake in Cathay Pacific soon after Swire s takeover in 1948 due to his wife s health problems 15 115 18 He returned to Texas and became a successful businessman 15 115 Swire later acquired 52 of Cathay Pacific Airways citation needed As of 31 December 2017 update the airline is still owned by Swire Group to the extent of 45 through its subsidiary Swire Pacific Limited as the largest shareholder 23 24 However Swire Group also formed a shareholders agreement with the second largest shareholder Air China which was clarify controlled by state owned China National Aviation Holding which Cathay Pacific and Air China had a cross ownership 24 41 104 In the late 1940s the Hong Kong Government divided the local aviation market between Cathay Pacific and its only local competitor the Jardine Matheson owned Hong Kong Airways 15 117 118 Cathay Pacific was allocated routes to the south including South East Asia and Australia while Hong Kong Airways was allocated routes to the north including mainland China Korea and Japan The situation changed with the establishment of the People s Republic of China and the Korean War which reduced the viability of the northern routes In 1959 Cathay Pacific acquired Hong Kong Airways 18 and became the dominant airline in Hong Kong Under Swire another important sister company HAECO was established in 1950 15 130 Nowadays it s one of the major aeroplane repair service companies of Hong Kong with divisions in other cities of China which 1960 1990 Expansion Edit A Cathay Pacific Convair 880 as operated from 1964 until 1974 The airline prospered in the late 1950s and into the 1960s and it purchased Hong Kong Airways on 1 July 1959 25 Between 1962 and 1967 the airline recorded double digit growth on average every year and became one of the world s first airlines to operate international services to Fukuoka Nagoya and Osaka in Japan citation needed In 1964 it carried its one millionth passenger citation needed and acquired its first jet engine aircraft the Convair 880 citation needed In 1967 it became an all jet airline with the replacement of its last Lockheed L 188 Electra with a Convair 880 26 A Lockheed L 1011 TriStar at Osaka International Airport in 1972 1994 livery with the British Union Flag and the logo of parent company Swire In the 1970s Cathay Pacific installed a computerised reservation system and flight simulators 27 In 1971 Cathay Pacific Airways received the first Boeing aircraft 707 320B 28 By 1972 it had five 707s 29 The new aircraft colour was known as Brunswick green 30 In July 1976 it began operating a Boeing 707 freighter from Hong Kong to Seoul Bangkok and Singapore 31 In 1974 Cathay Pacific almost purchased the McDonnell Douglas DC 10 to open a new flight route During the flight route application process with the British government due to the pressure from the British government Cathay Pacific changed the application to apply for a route from Hong Kong to London using a Boeing 747 The application was ultimately rejected 32 In 1979 the airline acquired its first Boeing 747 and applied for traffic rights to fly to London in 1980 with the first flight taking place on 16 July Expansion continued into the 1980s In 1982 Cathay Pacific Airways introduced Cathay Pacific Cargo which provided cargo service to ingratiate the trend of Hong Kong becoming one of the largest re export trading ports of the world The airline s long haul dedicated cargo services started a twice a week with Hong Kong Frankfurt London service operated jointly with Lufthansa 33 Cathay Pacific kept its service to Vancouver in 1983 with service on to San Francisco in 1986 when an industry wide boom encouraged route growth to many European and North American centres including London Brisbane Frankfurt Amsterdam Rome Paris Zurich and Manchester 34 On 15 May 1986 the airline went public and was listed in the Main Board of the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong 35 1990 2000 Rebranding renewal and Oneworld Edit In January 1990 Cathay Pacific and its parent company Swire Pacific acquired a significant shareholding in Dragonair and a 75 stake in cargo airline Air Hong Kong in 1994 36 In 1994 the airline launched a program to upgrade its passenger service including a HK 23 million program to update its image Its logo was updated in 1994 and again in 2014 37 The airline began a fleet replacement program in the mid 1990s which cost a total of US 9 billion 38 In 1996 CITIC Pacific increased its holdings in Cathay Pacific from 10 to 25 and two other Chinese companies CNAC G and CTS also bought substantial holdings while the Swire Group holding was reduced to 44 39 According to the International Directory of Company Histories the sale of a 12 5 stake of Cathay Pacific by Swire Pacific to a Chinese state owned company was regarded as evidence of China s sincerity in maintaining the prosperity of Hong Kong 22 In 1997 Cathay Pacific updated the registration numbers and flags on its fleet in conjunction with the handover of Hong Kong from the United Kingdom to China 40 41 On 21 May 1998 Cathay Pacific took the first delivery of the Boeing 777 300 at a ceremony in Everett 42 On 21 September 1998 Cathay Pacific together with American Airlines British Airways Canadian Airlines and Qantas co founded Oneworld airline alliance 43 44 Cathay Pacific temporarily took over the domestic and international operations of Philippine Airlines during its two week shutdown from 26 September to 7 October 1998 45 The airline was hurt by the Asian financial crisis of the late 1990s but recorded a record HK 5 billion profit in 2000 46 Transfer to Chek Lap Kok and transpolar flights Edit On Monday 6 July 1998 Cathay Pacific terminated flights from Kai Tak International Airport to London Heathrow Airport after over 73 years of operation The next day Cathay Pacific began flights from New York John F Kennedy International Airport to the new Hong Kong International Airport at Chek Lap Kok This flight was also the world s first nonstop transpolar flight from New York to Hong Kong 47 2000 2010 Industrial troubles and acquisitions Edit Cathay Pacific operated three Airbus A340 600s from 2002 to 2009 The year 2000 saw the Cathay Pacific experience labour relations issues while completing the acquisition of Dragonair 48 The 49ers employment dispute Edit In 2001 the Hong Kong Aircrew Officers Association HKAOA launched a work to rule campaign to further its campaign for pay improvements and changes to roster scheduling practices The action involved pilots refusing to work flights that were not scheduled on their roster Although this alone did not cause extensive disruption rostered pilots began to call in sick for their flights Combined with the work to rule campaign the airline was unable to cover all of its scheduled flights and cancellations resulted Cathay Pacific steadfastly refused to negotiate with the HKAOA under threat of industrial action 49 A Cathay Pacific Airbus A330 300 at Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport On 9 July 2001 reportedly following a comprehensive review of the employment histories of all its pilots the company fired 49 of its 1 500 pilots This group became known colloquially as the 49ers Nearly half of the fired pilots were captains representing five percent of the total pilot group Of the 21 officers of the HKAOA nine were fired including four of the seven union negotiators 50 Then HKAOA president Captain Nigel Demery took the view that the firing was pure intimidation a union bust straight up designed to be random enough to put the fear in all pilots that they might be next no reason given 50 The dismissals were challenged in a number of legal proceedings but none were reinstated The airline later offered the 49 pilots it terminated in 2001 the chance to reapply for pilot positions with its cargo division guaranteeing such applicants first interviews subject to passing psychometric testing Nineteen former employees applied and twelve were offered jobs On 11 November 2009 18 of the 49ers succeeded in the Hong Kong Court of First Instance concerning their joint claims for breach of contract breach of the Employment Ordinance and defamation Judge Anselmo Reyes ruled that the airline had contravened the Employment Ordinance by dismissing the pilots without a valid reason adding that they had been sacked primarily because of union activities He also held that remarks by then chief operating officer Philip Chen Nanlok and current chief executive Tony Tyler after the sackings were defamatory The judge handed the pilots a victory in their long running legal battle with individual awards of HK 3 3 million for defamation together with a month s pay and HK 150 000 for the sackings On 24 December 2010 judges Frank Stock Susan Kwan and Johnson Lam of the Court of Appeal overturned the judgment of the lower court to the extent that the claim for wrongful termination of the contract was dismissed The finding that Cathay Pacific wrongly sacked the 18 pilots for their union activities was upheld The court upheld the defamation claim but reduced the damages for the defamatory comments made by Cathay Pacific management The judges also modified the judgment awarding payment of legal costs to the pilots and instead said that they should now pay some of Cathay s costs 51 The leader of the 49er Plaintiffs Captain John Warham launched a book titled The 49ers The True Story on 25 March 2011 52 The pilots were awarded leave on 26 October 2011 to take their case to the Court of Final Appeal The matter was heard before Hon Mr Justices Bokhary Chan and Ribeiro who are all Permanent Judges of the Court of Final Appeal The matters to be decided upon by the Court concerned wrongful termination of contract and the level of damages for defamation The case was heard by the Court of Final Appeal on 27 August 2012 On 26 September 2012 11 years after they were sacked the 49ers were finally judged 53 to have won the 3 prime issues of their legal case breach of contract breach of the Employment Ordinance and defamation The Court of Final Appeal agreed with the Court of Appeal s methodology for reducing the defamation damages However it reinstated one month s salary for each of the 49ers Regarding breach of contract 54 the overall picture leading to dismissal and events immediately after were analysed by the courts not just the dismissal letter Regarding the Employment Ordinance an important aspect was that the judge defined the scope of union activities and its protection for workers in Hong Kong The Court concluded Accordingly most possibly all union sponsored action is potentially protected by s 21B 1 b but if the action is not carried out at an appropriate time it is excluded from the provision There was no challenge by Cathay Pacific to the Court of Appeal s decision to uphold the original Judge s conclusion that the statements made by Cathay Executives were defamatory of the plaintiffs John Warham referring to the effect the fight has had on pilots families said In terms of human life three people are dead because of what Cathay Pacific did to us That s on their conscience I hope they can live with that 55 Acquisition and downsizing of Dragonair Edit On 28 September 2006 the airline underwent a shareholding realignment under which Dragonair became a wholly owned subsidiary but continued to operate under its brand Acquiring Dragonair meant gaining more access to the restricted yet rapidly growing Mainland China market and more opportunities for sharing of resources CNAC and its subsidiary Air China acquired a 17 5 percent stake in Cathay Pacific and the airline doubled its shareholding in Air China to 17 5 percent CITIC Pacific reduced its shareholding to 17 5 percent and Swire Group reduced its shareholding to 40 percent 56 57 58 A Dragonair Airbus A320 200 Dragonair had originally planned significant international expansion It was already operating services to Bangkok and Tokyo and was to have a dedicated cargo fleet of nine Boeing 747 400BCF aircraft by 2009 operating to New York Los Angeles Chicago San Francisco and Columbus 59 It had also acquired three Airbus A330 300 aircraft to commence services to Sydney and Seoul 60 Following the acquisition by Cathay Pacific Dragonair s proposed expansion plans underwent a comprehensive route compatibility analysis with the Cathay network to reduce duplication Dragonair services to Bangkok and Tokyo were terminated and new services launched to Sendai Phuket Manila and Kathmandu With the merging of similar departments at the two previously separate airlines some Dragonair staff have had their employment contracts transferred to Cathay Pacific except Dragonair Pilots and Cabin Crew and others made redundant due to the efficiencies gained in the merger This resulted in an approximately 37 percent decrease in the amount of staff contractually employed by Dragonair citation needed In January 2016 Cathay Pacific announced it was rebranding Dragonair as Cathay Dragon 61 On 21 October 2020 Cathay Pacific announced that it would shut down all operations of Cathay Dragon and merge it with its parent company due to the lack of customers and heavy economic problems brought by the COVID 19 pandemic This merger marked the end for the subsidiary carrier after 35 years of operation 62 Cathay Pacific and its wholly owned subsidiary HK Express would take over Cathay Dragon s existing routes 63 Economic challenges Edit A Cathay Pacific Boeing 777 300ER arrives at London Heathrow Airport To celebrate the airline s 60th anniversary in 2006 a year of roadshows named the Cathay Pacific 60th Anniversary Skyshow was held where the public could see the developments of the airline play games meet some of the airline staff and view vintage uniforms Cathay Pacific also introduced anniversary merchandise and in flight meals served by restaurants in Hong Kong in collaboration with the celebrations 64 In June 2008 Cathay Pacific entered into a plea bargain with the United States Department of Justice in respect of antitrust investigations over air cargo price fixing agreements It was fined US 60 million The airline has subsequently set up an internal Competition Compliance Office reporting to chief operating officer John Slosar to ensure that the Group complies with all relevant competition and antitrust laws in the jurisdiction in which it operates The breaches for which Cathay Pacific Cargo were being investigated in the US were not illegal under Hong Kong competition law 65 66 In September 2008 three of Cathay Pacific s top ten global accounts Lehmann Brothers AIG and Merrill Lynch hit financial trouble 67 A Cathay Pacific Boeing 747 400 at Singapore Changi Airport In March 2009 the airline reported a record full year loss of HK 8 56 billion for 2008 which was also the carrier s first since the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis The record loss included fuel hedging losses of HK 7 6 billion and a HK 468 million charge for a price fixing fine in the US It had to scrap its final dividend The hedging losses were a result of locking in fuel prices at higher than the prevailing market price As of the end of 2008 Cathay Pacific has hedged about half of its fuel needs until the end of 2011 The airline at the time estimated that it would face no further cash costs from the hedges if the average market price stood at US 75 enabling it to recoup provisions it made in 2008 68 The flattening out of fuel prices resulted in Cathay Pacific recording a paper fuel hedging gain for its half year reports for 2009 However as a result of the global economic situation the Group reported an operating loss Given the current economic climate and in line with the steps being taken by other major airlines around the world the airline has undertaken a comprehensive review of all its routes and operations This has resulted in frequencies being reduced to certain destinations ad hoc cancellations on other routes deferred capital expenditure parked aircraft and introduced a Special Leave Scheme for staff to conserve money 69 According to CEO Tony Tyler the yield from passengers was hugely down and the airline had lost a lot of premium traffic He noted that it could take 20 passengers in economy to make up for the lost revenue of one fewer first class passenger flying to New York from Hong Kong 70 Current developments Edit Cathay Pacific and Cathay Dragon aircraft at Hong Kong International Airport in 2018 In 2010 the airline set another record high profit amounting to HK 14 05 billion despite record losses set in the same decade At the same time Cathay Pacific had taken delivery of several new aircraft types including the Airbus A330 300 and Boeing 777 300ER 71 Tony Tyler left his position as CEO at the airline on 31 March 2010 to pursue his new job at the IATA Chief operating officer John Slosar had succeeded as the new CEO 72 In addition New Zealand s Commerce Commission had dropped charges against Cathay Pacific concerning the air cargo price fixing agreements 73 In 2014 the airline underwent the largest network expansion in recent years which included the addition of links to Manchester Zurich and Boston On 8 October 2016 Cathay Pacific retired their last passenger Boeing 747 a 747 400 with reg B HUJ with a farewell scenic flight around Hong Kong after over 35 years of service of the type Cathay operated the 747 since August 1979 when it was inaugurated on services to Australia 74 During the first half of 2016 Cathay Pacific s passenger yields fell 10 per cent to the lowest in seven years as competing airlines from Mainland China increased direct service to the U S and Europe hurting the company s revenue from its Hong Kong hub 75 In October Cathay Pacific scrapped its profit forecast for the second half of the year less than two months after its issuance 76 From 15 September 2016 Cathay Pacific decided to reintroduce fuel surcharge on many flights after its half year net profits dropped over 80 and it suffered HK 4 5 billion loss from wrong bets on fuel prices 77 As of September 2016 Oil prices were halved from 2014 and stayed below US 50 a barrel 77 2018 data breach Edit In 2018 the airline discovered a data breach 78 Data of around 9 4 million passengers were compromised during the breach with 860 000 passport numbers 245 000 Hong Kong identity card numbers 403 expired credit card numbers and 27 credit card numbers without CVV being accessed However no passwords were stolen The breach was suspected in March 2018 but was confirmed only in May 2018 79 80 In March 2020 the company was fined 500 000 U S 639 600 by the British Information Commissioner s Office ICO and avoided the heftier penalty of U S 564 million under the European Union s GDPR derived data privacy laws which were not in force during the discovery of the breach 81 2017 2019 transformation Edit Under new leadership the airline started to transform its business after suffering from 2 years of consecutive loss The strategy focuses on 5Ps Places Planes Product People and Productivity to find new sources of revenue deliver more value to its customers and improve efficiency and productivity 82 83 The airline restructured its organisation to be more agile and faster in decision making as well as responding to customers needs It has also launched 13 new routes since 2017 introduced a wide range of changes to its service including bringing back hot meals on its most busy route between Hong Kong and Taipei 84 designed an inflight menu that features famous Hong Kong dishes 85 served in all cabins and revamped its Business Class service proposition 86 to provide more choice more personalisation better presentation and improved quality in its food and beverages offerings The airline has also invested significantly in other hard product and digital offerings such as an upgraded website new or refurbished lounges across its network including the first airline lounge yoga studio 87 at The Pier Business in Hong Kong Wi Fi was introduced in 2017 and will be retrofitted across its fleet by 2020 88 In February 2019 the airline issued a profit alert to the Hong Kong Stock Exchange indicating a profit of HK 2 3 billion for the 2018 financial year signaling early signs of success of its transformation 89 Acquisition of HK Express Edit On 27 March 2019 Cathay Pacific officially announced it would acquire HK Express the only low cost carrier in Hong Kong citing to expect synergies in generating a new business model and is a practical way to support long term development and to enhance competitiveness The transaction takes Cathay Pacific HK 4 93 billion total The transaction is closed in July 2019 and HK Express has become Cathay Pacific s wholly owned subsidiary 90 91 Hong Kong protests Edit During the 2019 20 Hong Kong protests Cathay Pacific employees participated in protests at Hong Kong International Airport The Beijing government which is a shareholder in Cathay Pacific ordered Cathay to suspend any employees who participated in the protest Cathay chairman John Slosar responded saying We employ 27 000 staff in Hong Kong doing all sorts of different jobs we certainly wouldn t dream of telling them what they have to think about something 92 Cathay Pacific later suspended a pilot who was arrested during a protest and CEO Rupert Hogg declared his support of the government and reiterated that employees who violated the company s code of conduct could be dismissed 93 On 16 August Hogg resigned due to intense criticism from Chinese authorities as a result of Cathay staff participating in the protests 94 Chief customer and commercial officer Paul Loo also resigned 95 By late September Cathay Pacific and Cathay Dragon had terminated the employment of 31 aviation professionals or forced their resignations on the basis of their participation in protests or expressions of support for them 96 97 COVID 19 Edit The COVID 19 pandemic led to travel bans and significantly reduced flight demands which caused Cathay Pacific to cut international flights in response In 2020 96 of all flights from March to May were cancelled while the group s subsidiary HKExpress suspended all flight operations from 23 March to 30 April 2020 due to reduced demand 98 At one point during the crisis only 582 passengers flew with Cathay Pacific in an entire day 99 In December 2020 the company said that it expected losses in the second half higher than the losses of the first half due to low demand restructuring charges and impairments on its fleet 100 In 2021 the company posted a record annual loss of 2 8 billion for 2020 101 It was also announced that the company would cut an additional 8 500 jobs 102 On April 22 2021 the company began their job cuts by closing their Canada Pilot base on the same day they began consultation with pilots on Australia and New Zealand Pilot bases regarding base closure in those jurisdictions Pilots with the right to live and work in Hong Kong are offered employment however those without the right to live and work in Hong Kong are to face redundancy On the same day they announced that they will review bases in Europe and USA later in the year 103 On May 12 2021 the company announced the closing of their Frankfurt Pilot base Around 50 pilots jobs are at risk As with the Canada base closed announced two and a half weeks earlier pilots with the right to live and work in Hong Kong will be offered jobs while those without the right to live and work in Hong Kong will face redundancy 104 In June 2021 the company said that losses in 1H 2021 are expected to be lower than US 1 27 billion in 2020 due to cost saving measures and strong demand for cargo flights Recapitalisation and government bailout Edit On 9 June 2020 Cathay Pacific Swire Pacific and Air China halted stock trade pending the announcement On 10 June Cathay Pacific and the Government of Hong Kong jointly announced a HK 39 billion recapitalisation plan and rescue package for Cathay Pacific 105 In the rescue package the Government of Hong Kong will be issued HK 19 5 billion dividend paying preference shares and HK 1 95 billion of warrants giving it 6 stake The stake of the three major stakeholders Swire Pacific Air China and Qatar Airways will fall to 42 28 and 9 4 due to the government stake Also Cathay Pacific will receive a HK 7 8 billion bridging loan and the Government would have the right to appoint two observers on Cathay s board Finance Secretary of HKSAR Government Paul Chan said It is not our intention to become a long term shareholder of Cathay Pacific 106 Corporate affairs identity and senior leadership Edit Cathay City the airline s head office located at Hong Kong International Airport Cathay Pacific s head office Cathay City is located at Hong Kong International Airport 4 Cathay City was scheduled to be built in increments between April and September 1998 107 The headquarters opened in 1998 108 Previously the airline s headquarters were at the Swire House which was a complex in Central named after the airline s parent company 109 Major Shareholders Edit Swire Pacific 42 Air China 28 Qatar Airways 9 4 HKSAR Government Under the name Aviation 2020 Limited 6 08 Subsidiaries and associates Edit Cathay Pacific has diversified into related industries and sectors including ground handling aviation engineering inflight catering 110 Companies with Cathay Pacific Group stake include Company Type Principal activities Incorporated in Group s Equity ShareholdingAir China Corporate Airline China 20 111 Air China Cargo Joint Venture Cargo airline China 49 111 AHK Air Hong Kong Limited Subsidiary Cargo airline Hong Kong 100 111 Airline Property Limited Subsidiary Property Investment Hong Kong 100 111 Airline Store Property Limited Subsidiary Property Investment Hong Kong 100 111 Asia Training Property Limited Subsidiary Property Investment Hong Kong 100 111 Asia Miles Limited Subsidiary Travel Reward Hong Kong 100 111 Cathay Holidays Limited Subsidiary Tour Operator Hong Kong 100 111 Cathay Pacific Aero Limited Subsidiary Financial Services Hong Kong 100 111 Cathay Pacific Aircraft Lease Finance Limited Subsidiary Aircraft Leasing Hong Kong 100 111 Cathay Pacific Aircraft Services Limited Subsidiary Aircraft Acquisition Isle of Man 100 111 Cathay Pacific Catering Services HK Limited Subsidiary Catering services Hong Kong 100 111 Cathay Pacific MTN Financing Limited Subsidiary Financial services Cayman Islands 100 111 Cathay Pacific Services Limited Subsidiary Cargo Hong Kong 100 111 Cebu Pacific Catering Services Inc Joint Venture Airline catering Philippines 40 111 Dell Fresh Limited Subsidiary Catering Hong Kong 100 111 Ground Support Engineering Limited Joint Venture Airport ground engineering support and equipment maintenance Hong Kong 50 111 Global Logistics System HK Company Limited Air Cargo Computing Hong Kong 95 111 Guangzhou Guo Tai Information Processing Company Limited Subsidiary Information processing China 100 111 HAECO ITM Ltd Joint Venture Inventory technical management services Hong Kong 30 111 Hong Kong Airport Services Limited Subsidiary Ground handling Hong Kong 100 111 Hong Kong Aviation and Airport Services Limited Subsidiary Property Investment Hong Kong 100 111 Hong Kong Express Airways Subsidiary Airline Hong Kong 100 112 LSG Lufthansa Service Hong Kong Limited Airline catering Hong Kong 32 111 Shanghai International Airport Services Co Limited Joint Venture Ground handling China 25 111 Snowdon Limited Subsidiary Financial services Hong Kong 100 111 Troon Limited Subsidiary Financial services Hong Kong 100 111 Vogue Laundry Service Limited Subsidiary Laundry and Dry Cleaning Hong Kong 100 111 Shareholding held through subsidiary at 25 another 24 held through an economic interest with total holding at 49 Livery Edit A Boeing 777 300ER painted in the 1994 2015 livery landing at Hong Kong International Airport A Boeing 777 300ER in the current 2015 livery taking off from Zurich Airport Before November 1994 all Cathay Pacific aircraft used a green lettuce livery and carried the British flag on the empennage After the handover aircraft carry the Brand Hong Kong logo and with HONG KONG or in Chinese 香港 under or beside the Brand Hong Kong logo instead of using the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region HKSAR flag The HKSAR flag has never appeared on any aircraft All Cathay Pacific aircraft carry the following livery logos and trademarks the Brushwing livery on the body and on the vertical stabiliser introduced in the early 1990s and was first deployed on a Boeing 747 400 VR HOT re registered as B HOT ahead of the launch of Airbus A340 service for Cathay Pacific It also features the Asia s world city brandline the Brand Hong Kong logotype and the dragon symbol the Oneworld logo and the Swire Group logo 113 114 115 The brushwing logo consists of a calligraphic stroke against a green background the stroke is intended to appear like the wing of a bird The previous logo consisting of green and white stripes was in place from the early 1970s until 1994 116 In November 2015 the airline revealed a refreshed version of its previous livery featuring a simpler paint scheme while maintaining their trademark brushwing on an all green tail 117 It was first unveiled on a Boeing 777 300ER B KPM in preparation for the delivery of the first Airbus A350 for Cathay Pacific The aircraft was withdrawn from service in June 2020 amidst the COVID 19 pandemic and returned to its lessor in September 2021 at the expiration of its lease 118 The second aircraft was a freighter aircraft Boeing 747 400ERF B LIA Senior leadership Edit Chairman Patrick Healy since November 2019 Chief Executive Ronald Lam since January 2023 List of former chairmen Edit E McLaren 1948 E G Price 1948 1949 C C Roberts 1949 1950 E G Price 1950 second term C C Roberts 1950 1951 second term J A Blackwood 1951 1957 W C G Knowles 1957 1964 H J C Browne 1964 1973 Sir John Bremridge 1973 1980 Duncan Bluck 1981 1984 Michael Miles 1984 1988 David Gledhill 1988 1992 Peter Sutch 1992 1999 James Hughes Hallett 1999 2004 David Turnbull 2005 2006 Christopher Pratt 2006 2014 John Slosar 2014 2019 List of former chief executives Edit chief executive officers were referred to as Managing Directors before 1 July 1998 Sydney de Kantzow 1946 1948 119 120 M S Cumming 1948 1950 15 W C G Knowles 1950 1957 H J C Browne 1957 1958 121 122 W B Rae Smith 1958 1960 H J C Browne 1960 1961 second term Sir John Bremridge 1961 1971 121 Duncan Bluck 1971 1978 Michael Miles 1979 1984 Peter Sutch 1984 1992 Sir Rod Eddington 1992 1996 David Turnbull 1996 2005 Philip Chen 2005 2007 Tony Tyler 2007 2011 John Slosar 2011 2014 Ivan Chu 2014 2017 Rupert Hogg 2017 2019 Augustus Tang 2019 2022 Destinations EditMain article List of Cathay Pacific destinations Cathay Pacific serves 88 destinations including cargo but not including codeshare in 46 countries and territories on five continents with a well developed Asian network The airline serves many gateway cities in North America and Europe with easy connections with its Oneworld and codeshare partners American Airlines and British Airways via Los Angeles and London respectively Also the airline serves ten French cities via a codeshare partnership with French national rail operator SNCF from Paris Codeshare agreements Edit Cathay Pacific has codeshare agreements with the following airlines 123 124 Air Astana 125 Air Canada 126 Air China Air New Zealand Air Niugini 127 Alaska Airlines American Airlines Austrian Airlines Bangkok Airways British Airways Brussels Airlines Comair Fiji Airways Finnair HK Express Subsidiary Iberia Japan Airlines LATAM Airlines Group Lufthansa 128 Malaysia Airlines 129 MIAT Mongolian Airlines 130 Philippine Airlines Qantas 131 Qatar Airways 132 S7 Airlines Shenzhen Airlines Swiss International Air Lines Vietnam Airlines WestJet The airline also has a codeshare agreement with French high speed trains SNCF from TGV station at Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport to ten French cities 133 134 as well as codeshare agreement with ferry operators Cotai Water Jet and Chu Kong Passenger Transport Co Ltd to connect passengers from Hong Kong to Macao Zhuhai Shenzhen Shekou and Guangzhou in the Greater Bay Area In addition there is a codeshare agreement with Bahrain Limo for bus services between Bahrain and Dammam Fleet Edit A Cathay Pacific Airbus A350 1000 XWB taking off from Hong Kong International Airport Main article Cathay Pacific fleet Cathay Pacific operates narrow body wide body twin engine commercial fleet composed of Airbus A321 Airbus A321neo Airbus A330 Airbus A350 and Boeing 777 aircraft 135 and a Boeing 747 cargo fleet 8 The airline also has more Airbus A321neo Airbus A350 and Boeing 777X aircraft on order Loyalty programs EditThis article contains content that is written like an advertisement Please help improve it by removing promotional content and inappropriate external links and by adding encyclopedic content written from a neutral point of view September 2020 Learn how and when to remove this template message This section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section Unsourced material may be challenged and removed September 2020 Learn how and when to remove this template message Cathay Pacific has two loyalty programs The loyalty program Cathay Club and Asia Miles the travel reward program Members of Cathay are automatically enrolled as Asia Miles members During 2020 Cathay Pacific abolished its previous Marco Polo Club amp introduced its successor the Cathay Club The Cathay Club also abolished the Diamond Plus Tier which existed in the Marco Polo Club the Diamond Tier is currently the highest tier in the Cathay Club Cathay Club Edit The Cathay Club is divided into four tiers Green entry level Silver Gold and Diamond based on the member s past travel A joining fee of US 100 is applicable for a Cathay Club membership Members earn Club Points on eligible fare classes with Cathay Pacific and Oneworld member airlines These are used to calculate the member s eligibility for membership renewal upgrade or downgrade during the membership year Higher tiered members are provided with increased travel benefits such as guaranteed Economy Class seat additional baggage allowance priority flight booking and airport lounge access The Cathay Club membership is terminated after 12 months of inactivity or failure to meet minimum travel criteria as outlined in the membership guide and will be downgraded to Asia Miles member 136 137 GreenThe Green Tier is the entry level to the Cathay Club Benefits include dedicated 24 hour club service line for flight reservations designated Cathay Club check in counters excess baggage allowance and lounge access redemption and priority boarding One Business Class lounge voucher will be issued for the member or their travelling companion at reaching 200 Club Points The Green Tier does not have a status point expiration date amp points will remain available for lifetime in the Green Tier SilverSilver Tier level is achieved or retained when the member earns 300 Club Points during the membership year Additional benefits for Silver Card members include advanced seat reservations priority waitlisting Business Class check in counters 10 kg 22 lb extra baggage allowance priority baggage handling and Business Class lounge access when flying Cathay Pacific operated flights Additionally members are eligible to use the Frequent Visitor e Channels for seamless self service immigration clearance at Hong Kong International Airport At 450 Club Points members will be issued two Business Class lounge vouchers for their travelling companions Also members are entitled to apply for at most three Membership Holidays in their lifetime retaining their status for one year for each application citation needed Cathay Club Silver tier status is equivalent to Oneworld Ruby tier status which entitles members to Oneworld Ruby benefits when travelling on a Oneworld member airline 138 139 The Wing Cathay Pacific s flagship airline lounge located at Chek Lap Kok International Airport GoldGold tier level is achieved or retained when the member earns 600 Club Points during the membership year Additional benefits for Gold Card members include a guaranteed Economy Class seat on Cathay Pacific flights booked 72 hours before departure 15 kg 33 lb or one piece of extra baggage allowance Business Class lounge access with one accompanying guest when flying Cathay Pacific and Oneworld operated flights and arrival lounge access when flying Cathay Pacific operated and marketed flights Two Business Class lounge vouchers will be issued for their travelling companions or members on their Asia Miles Redemption List at reaching 800 Club Points At reaching 1000 Club Points four Cabin Upgrade vouchers for Cathay Pacific operated short haul or medium haul routes will be issued to members and their travelling companions citation needed Cathay Club Gold tier status is equivalent to Oneworld Sapphire tier status which entitles members to Oneworld Sapphire benefits when travelling on a Oneworld member airline 138 DiamondThe highest tier in the Cathay Club Diamond tier level is achieved or retained when the member earns 1200 Club Points during the membership year Additional benefits for Diamond Card members include top priority waitlisting guaranteed Economy Class or Business Class seat on Cathay Pacific flights booked 24 hours before departure First Class check in counters 20 kg 44 lb or one piece of extra baggage allowance First Priority baggage handling First Class lounge access with two guests when flying Cathay Pacific operated flights one guest when flying Oneworld operated flights and Business Class lounge access with two guests when flying on any airline At 1400 Club Points members will be issued with two First or Business lounge vouchers for their travelling companions or members on their Asia Miles Redemption List At 1600 Club Points four Cabin Upgrade vouchers for any Cathay Pacific operated routes will be issued to members travelling companions and members on their Asia Miles Redemption List At 1800 Club Points members can nominate one member for Cathay Gold tier membership citation needed Cathay Club Diamond tier status is equivalent to Oneworld Emerald tier status which entitles members to Oneworld Emerald benefits when travelling on a Oneworld member airline 138 Asia Miles Edit Main article Asia Miles Asia Miles is a loyalty and frequent flyer program where members can earn Asia Miles with more than 500 partners in 9 categories Airlines Hotels Finance amp Insurance Dining amp Banquets Retail Travel amp Leisure Cars amp Transport Telecoms and Professional Services Members can also earn miles when shopping online through iShop which offers a variety of products and brands Members can use the miles to redeem travel electronic items culinary items concert tickets and other lifestyle awards It was named Best Frequent Flyer Program at the 2011 Business Traveller Asia Pacific Travel Awards ceremony 140 needs update Services EditGround handling Edit Self check in kiosks at Chek Lap Kok Airport Beginning in 2007 Cathay Pacific launched more methods to check in for flights Among them were self check in using a kiosk at Hong Kong International Airport and other select destinations and checking in via a mobile phone Cathay Pacific also launched a mobile application on App Store and Google Play formerly named CX Mobile Passengers can use the application to check flight arrivals and departures check in for their flights and read about the destinations they are flying to using City Guides The app has become a hit with passengers making Cathay Pacific one of the industry leaders in offering mobile services to users of smartphones 141 142 Cathay Pacific is also now following a trend among many airlines to improve its brand image to customers and shareholders with social media and is ranked fourth worldwide 143 The airline now uses a range of social media tools including Facebook Flickr Twitter Instagram YouTube and blogging to share ideas with customers 144 In addition it has launched a virtual tour to enable passengers to experience Cathay Pacific s new cabins and services without having to step aboard the aircraft 145 On 4 January 2011 the cargo division of the airline Cathay Pacific Cargo became the first airline operating out of Hong Kong to fully switch to e air waybill This eliminates the need for all paper documents when issuing air waybills The International Air Transport Association IATA selected nine countries and territories and airlines in which to run the e AWB pilot program including Hong Kong and Cathay Pacific 146 Cabin Edit First Class Edit A First Class seat on board a Boeing 777 300ER First Class is offered only on select Boeing 777 300ERs and features 6 seats in a 1 1 1 configuration The first class seats can be converted into fully lie flat beds measuring 36 in 81 in 91 cm 206 cm The seats include a massage function a personal closet an ottoman for stowage or guest seating and adjustable 18 5 in 47 cm HD personal televisions PTV First class passengers are welcome to use Oneworld or Cathay Pacific first class lounges at their departure airport 147 148 149 Business Class Edit Business Class cabin on board an Airbus A330 300 Business Class is offered on all internationally configured aircraft It is available on all Airbus A350s and Boeing 777 300ERs as well as select Airbus A330 300s Cathay Pacific introduced a new business class seat in 2011 featuring reverse herringbone seating in a 1 2 1 configuration Each seat converts into a fully flat bed of length 82 inches 210 cm with a width of up to 21 inches 53 cm Each seat features a small enclosed side cabinet and an adjustable 18 5 in 47 cm personal television 150 In 2016 upon delivery of brand new Airbus A350s Cathay Pacific introduced a refreshed reverse herringbone seat designed by Porsche Design with HD personal televisions and additional enclosed storage space on the side 151 Regional Business Class Edit Business Class is offered on all regionally configured aircraft It is available on all Airbus A320s Airbus A321s Airbus A321neos and Boeing 777 300s as well as selected Airbus A330 300s Seats have 21 in 53 cm width and recline to 47 in 120 cm of pitch and feature electrical recline and leg rest A 12 in 30 cm PTV is located in the seat back offers AVOD In 2021 the airline has updated the cabin with a new seat on the Airbus A321neo featuring a new design with hard shell recliner seats that incorporate divider screens and a 15 6 inch PTV 152 All Business Class passengers are allowed to use Oneworld or Cathay Pacific business class lounges prior to departure 153 154 155 Premium Economy Edit New Premium Economy seats on the Airbus A350 900 XWB Premium Economy is offered on all Airbus A350s and Boeing 777 300ERs as well as selected Airbus A330 300s Cathay Pacific introduced a premium economy class in March 2012 156 The seat pitch is 38 inches six inches more than Economy Class and the seat itself is wider and have a bigger recline It has a large meal table cocktail table footrest a 10 6 inch personal television an in seat power outlet a multi port connector for personal devices and extra personal storage space The Premium Economy Class seat offers a higher level of comfort with more living space in a separate cabin before the Economy Class zone In 2016 on delivery of the Airbus A350 900 fleet Cathay Pacific introduced a new Premium Economy seat which features a 12 1 in 31 cm HD PTV and improved pitch of 40 inches 100 cm The new seats are configured in a 2 4 2 configuration with a width of 18 5 in 47 cm 157 Economy Class Edit 2012 type Economy Class cabin on a Boeing 777 300ER Cathay Pacific currently has 5 types of Economy Class different on each aircraft From the oldest 2012 type to the newest 2021 type each has its own unique feature 2007 Economy Class 333 ex 340 747 777 The phased out old Economy Class seats previously offered on aircraft outfitted with the refurbished long haul interiors were designed by B E Aerospace and introduced in July 2008 158 These seats include a fixed back design shell that allows passengers to recline without intruding on those seated behind a 9 in 23 cm PTV providing AVOD AC power located behind a larger tray table a coat hook and a literature pocket that has been relocated to below the seat cushion to create more legroom The fixed shell of these seats has been criticised 159 The previous Economy Class seats each feature 6 in 15 cm PTVs with a choice of 25 channels These seats are 17 in 43 cm in width and have 32 in 81 cm of pitch These seats were replaced with an updated Economy Class seat on aircraft receiving the Cathay Pacific s updated long haul interior configuration This is no longer available as it is replaced by the new 2018 Economy Class it s gone 160 2012 Economy Class 333 ex 777 Cathay Pacific updated its economy class seats in March 2012 replacing the older fixed back design They have a six inch recline two inches over the current long haul economy seat These seats are 17 5 in 44 cm in width and have 32 in 81 cm of pitch 161 162 2016 Economy Class 359 Cathay Pacific released their new economy class on the A350 900 featuring dark green seats with a 11 1 inch touch screen USB ports and a tablet tray Also seats have access to 110 volt AC power With the new economy class design new in flight entertainment was also provided The headrest size has been enlarged 163 2017 Economy Class 777 Since 2017 all Boeing 777s are retrofitted with a new seat featuring a change in configuration from 9 abreast to 10 abreast This increased the economy class seats on board the 300 series from 356 to 396 seats amp the 300ER from 182 268 seats to 201 296 seats All new seats feature new 11 6 inch touch screens USB ports amp improved seat pitch The seat width is 17 2 in 44 cm 2018 Economy Class 351 The A350 1000 Economy Class design is based on the 2017 Economy Class design A separate drink holder and a bottle pouch are added The seat padding is thicker than any other types of Economy Class The headrest is also bigger 164 2021 Economy Class 321 The 2021 Economy Class is identical to 2018 Economy Class design except for several upgrades a 4k PTV 165 166 Catering Edit A fruit and cheese course served in First Class A starter served in Cathay Pacific s Business Class Food and beverages are complimentary on all flights with two hot meals generally served on each flight for long haul flights along with free alcoholic beverages 167 Foods served on flights from Hong Kong are provided by Cathay Pacific Catering Services CPCS facilities in Hong Kong 168 CLS Catering Services Limited a joint venture with LSG Sky Chefs provides inflight catering from Toronto and Vancouver airports 169 170 while Vietnam Air Caterers a joint venture between CPCS and Vietnam Airlines provides the same for flights from Ho Chi Minh City 171 Meals on Manila Hong Kong flights are typically served in snack bags as complimentary snacks and drinks In flight entertainment Edit StudioCX 2012 The first type is the StudioCX system that was launched in 2012 Now it can only be found in unrefurbished A330s The old system features movies TV music inflight map and some games The system is identical to Cathay Dragon s Entertainment StudioKA 172 StudioCX 2016 In 2016 following the new A350 900 Cathay Pacific launched the new entertaining system Even though on the website it still says it s StudioCX but on the system they seem to give up on the old name StudioCX The new system features a brand new modern and lighter design There are lots of new content from the old system following a new moving map rather than the stuck map from the StudioCX system live TV reading materials magazines news shopping Sports24 only on A350 and more movies Resolution is 4K on A321s In 2017 the introduction for the StudioCX is updated 173 174 175 176 StudioCX Cathay Pacific s in flight entertainment system equipped with personal televisions in every seat offers movies Asian and Western TV programs music and games The airline also provides a range of different newspapers and magazines from around the world including the airline s in flight magazine Discovery Passengers with visual impairment can request for Hong Kong s South China Morning Post in Braille to be available on board 177 StudioCX provides Audio Video on Demand AVOD for every passenger and offers up to 100 movies 350 TV programs about 1000 CD albums in 25 different genres 25 radio channels and more than 70 interactive games 175 176 Accidents and incidents EditCathay Pacific had ten incidents and accidents over its history although none have resulted in a hull loss or loss of life since 1972 Cathay Pacific is generally regarded to have a good safety reputation and has been rated as one of the world s safest airlines 178 On 16 July 1948 Miss Macao a Cathay Pacific subsidiary operated Consolidated PBY 5A Catalina VR HDT from Macau to Hong Kong was hijacked by four men who killed the pilot after take off The aircraft crashed in the Pearl River Delta near Zhuhai Twenty six people died leaving only one survivor a hijacker This was the first hijacking of a commercial airliner in the world 179 On 24 February 1949 a Cathay Pacific Douglas C 47 Skytrain registered VR HDG from Manila to Hong Kong crashed near Braemar Reservoir after a go around in poor weather All 23 people on board died 180 On 13 September 1949 a Cathay Pacific Douglas C 47 Skytrain registered VR HDW departing from Anisakan Burma crashed on take off when the right hand main gear leg collapsed There were no reported fatalities 181 On 23 July 1954 a Cathay Pacific Douglas C 54 Skymaster registered VR HEU from Bangkok to Hong Kong was shot down by aircraft of the People s Liberation Army Air Force in the South China Sea near Hainan Island Ten people died leaving nine survivors After the incident Cathay Pacific received an apology and compensation from the People s Liberation Army Air Force It was apparently mistaken for a Nationalist Chinese military aircraft 182 On 5 November 1967 Cathay Pacific Flight 033 operated by a Convair 880 registered VR HFX from Hong Kong to Saigon overran the runway at Kai Tak Airport One person was killed and the aircraft was written off 183 On 15 June 1972 Cathay Pacific Flight 700Z operated by a Convair 880 registered VR HFZ from Bangkok to Hong Kong disintegrated and crashed while the aircraft was flying at 29 000 feet 8 800 m over Pleiku Vietnam after a bomb exploded in a suitcase placed under a seat in the cabin killing all 81 people on board 184 This remains the last Cathay Pacific incident to involve a total hull loss and passenger fatalities B HLL the Airbus A330 involved in the Flight 780 Incident On April 13 2010 Cathay Pacific Flight 780 operated by an Airbus A330 342 registered B HLL from Surabaya Juanda International Airport to Hong Kong landed safely after both engines failed due to contaminated fuel 57 passengers were injured in the ensuing slide evacuation Its two pilots received the Polaris Award from the International Federation of Air Line Pilots Associations for their heroism and airmanship 185 On 15 August 2018 Cathay Pacific Flight 292 operated by a Boeing 777 300ER registered B KPY suffered serious damage to the edge of its right wing after colliding with a floodlight pole in Rome Fiumicino Airport during pushback No injuries were reported 186 See also Edit Hong Kong portal Aviation portalList of airlines of Hong Kong List of airports in Hong Kong List of companies of Hong Kong Macau Air Transport Company subsidiary from 1948 to 1961 Transport in Hong KongReferences Edit Air Operator s Certificate Civil Aviation Department Archived from the original on 19 June 2022 Retrieved 10 August 2022 Welcome to Cathay Cathay Pacific Archived from the original on 23 August 2022 Retrieved 23 August 2020 Cathay Pacific Fleet Details and History 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July 2020 Retrieved 23 December 2016 Cathay Pacific announces senior management changes Press release Cathay Pacific 3 December 2010 Archived from the original on 23 December 2016 Retrieved 23 December 2016 Rutherford Hamish 28 April 2011 Commission drops some airline charges Stuff New Zealand Archived from the original on 24 October 2012 Retrieved 23 September 2011 Liu Jim 7 October 2016 Flashback Cathay Pacific Summer 1979 Boeing 747 operations Routes Online Archived from the original on 21 November 2021 Retrieved 23 December 2016 Cathay Pacific says big slump in number of premium travelers from Hong Kong The National Bloomberg 18 August 2016 permanent dead link Ng Eric 12 October 2016 Cathay Pacific lowers second half profit forecast as overcapacity competition take a toll The South China Morning Post Archived from the original on 1 January 2017 Retrieved 1 January 2017 a b Sun Nikki 5 September 2016 HK 109 surcharge for Cathay and Dragonair passengers flying into Hong Kong after 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Fleet Aircraft Seats amp Cabin comfort Opinions with pictures Airreview com Archived from the original on 25 April 2013 Retrieved 29 June 2013 Cathay Pacific Airways Limited 2007 Interim Report PDF Cathay Pacific 2007 p 5 Archived from the original PDF on 29 October 2020 Retrieved 11 July 2009 New Economy Class Cathay Pacific Archived from the original on 23 December 2016 Retrieved 23 December 2016 Cathay Pacific A330 International Economy Seat Chart Airreview Archived from the original on 8 January 2012 Retrieved 13 January 2012 Cathay Pacific Flying With Us A350 Economy Archived from the original on 21 December 2022 Retrieved 21 December 2022 SeatGuru Seat Map Cathay Pacific www seatguru com Archived from the original on 21 December 2022 Retrieved 21 December 2022 Cathay Pacific A321neo Details Archived from the original on 21 December 2022 Retrieved 21 December 2022 Cathay Pacific Boosts Short Haul Travel to a new step www google com Archived from the original on 26 February 2023 Retrieved 21 December 2022 Cathay Pacific Inflight service Airreview Archived from the original on 20 January 2012 Retrieved 13 January 2012 Cathay Pacific Catering Services Customers Cathay Pacific Catering Services Archived from the original on 29 November 2021 Retrieved 3 July 2009 LSG Sky Chefs Toronto YYZ LSG Sky Chefs LSG Lufthansa Service Holding AG Archived from the original on 14 July 2011 Retrieved 3 July 2009 LSG Sky Chefs Vancouver YVR LSG Sky Chefs LSG Lufthansa Service Holding AG Archived from the original on 14 July 2011 Retrieved 3 July 2009 Our Airline Customers Customer List VN CX Catering Services Ltd Archived from the original on 22 February 2008 Retrieved 3 July 2009 Cathay Pacific inflight entertainment rated world s best news cathaypacific com in European Spanish Archived from the original on 21 December 2022 Retrieved 21 December 2022 White Adam 17 July 2019 Cathay s New and Improved Inflight Entertainment Library Discovery Archived from the original on 21 December 2022 Retrieved 21 December 2022 Cathay Pacific Entertainment Archived from the original on 21 December 2022 Retrieved 21 December 2022 a b Cathay Pacific IFE Airreview Archived from the original on 1 April 2012 Retrieved 13 January 2012 a b Aircraft and Fleet Archived from the original on 14 July 2014 Retrieved 14 July 2014 The New Regional Product includes StudioCX Inflight reading Cathay Pacific Archived from the original on 23 December 2016 Retrieved 23 December 2016 CATHAY PACIFIC AIRLINE REVIEW Airlineratings com Archived from the original on 8 April 2022 Retrieved 10 March 2022 Hijacking description Cosnsolidated PBY 5A Catalina VR HDT Aviation Safety Network Archived from the original on 27 May 2010 Retrieved 2 July 2009 Accident description Douglas C 47A 90 DL VR HDG Aviation Safety Network Archived from the original on 23 October 2012 Retrieved 2 July 2009 Accident description Douglas C 47A 30 DK VR HDW Aviation Safety Network Archived from the original on 25 October 2012 Retrieved 11 October 2011 Accident description Douglas C 54A 10 DC VR HEU Aviation Safety Network Archived from the original on 27 February 2021 Retrieved 16 January 2022 ASN Aircraft accident Convair CV 880 22M 3 VR HFX Hong Kong Kai Tak International Airport HKG Aviation Safety Network Archived from the original on 21 March 2015 Retrieved 7 March 2015 Criminal Occurrence description Convair CV 880 22M 21 VR HFZ Aviation Safety Network Archived from the original on 12 October 2012 Retrieved 2 July 2009 Pilots reveal death defying ordeal as engines failed on approach to Chek Lap Kok South China Morning Post 20 April 2014 Archived from the original on 21 April 2014 Retrieved 21 April 2014 ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 777 367ER B KPY Roma Fiumicino Airport Aviation Safety Network 15 August 2018 Archived from the original on 27 July 2020 Retrieved 24 August 2018 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cathay Pacific Official website Cathay Cargo Retrieved from 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