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Nkore language

Nkore (also called Nkole, Nyankore, Nyankole, Orunyankore, Orunyankole, Runyankore and Runyankole) is a Bantu language spoken by the Nkore ("Banyankore") of south-western Uganda in the former province of Ankole, as well as in Tanzania, the DR Congo, Rwanda and Burundi.[4]

Runyankole is mainly spoken in the Mbarara, Bushenyi, Ntungamo, Kiruhura, Ibanda, Isingiro, Rukungiri, Buhweju, Mitooma, Sheema, Rubirizi and parts of Kitagwenda districts.

There is a brief description and teaching guide for this language, written by Charles V. Taylor in the 1950s, and an adequate dictionary in print. Whilst this language is spoken by almost all the Ugandans in the region, most also speak English, especially in the towns. (English is one of Uganda's two official languages, and the language taught in schools.)

Nkore is so similar to Kiga (84–94 percent lexical similarity[5]) that some argue they are dialects of the same language, a language called Nkore-Kiga by Taylor.[4]

Phonology

Runyankore has a five-vowel system:[4]

  • Sounds /i, u/ can be heard as [ɪ, ʊ] when short or lax.

Orthography

  • a - [a]
  • b - [b]
  • c - [t͡ʃ]
  • d - [d]
  • e - [e]
  • f - [f]
  • g - [g/d͡ʒ]
  • h - [h]
  • i - [i]
  • k - [k/t͡ʃ]
  • m - [m]
  • n - [n]
  • o - [o]
  • p - [p]
  • r - [r]
  • s - [s]
  • t - [t]
  • u - [u]
  • v - [v]
  • w - [w]
  • y - [j]
  • z - [z]
  • ai - [ai̯]
  • ei - [ɛi̯]
  • gy - [gʲ]
  • ky - [kʲ]
  • mp - [ᵐp]
  • mw - [ᵐw]
  • nd - [ⁿd]
  • ng - [ŋ]
  • ny - [ɲ]
  • oi - [ɔi̯]
  • sh - [ʃ]
  • ts - [t͡s]
  • zh - [ʒ][6]

D and P are only used in the digraphs ND and MP and in loanwords.

G and K are [d͡ʒ] and [t͡ʃ] before I, [k] and [g] elsewhere.

Basic greetings

The greeting Agandi, implying, "How are you?" but literally meaning "other news!", can be replied with Ni marungi, which literally means "good news!".

The proper greetings are Oraire ota? or Osiibire ota?, literally translated "How was your night?" and "How was your day?". "Good night" is Oraare gye and "Good day" is Osiibe gye.

Here are a few names one might use in a greeting:

  • Madam – Nyabo
  • Sir – Sebo
  • Child – omwana
  • Boy – omwojo
  • Girl – omwishiki

Food

  • Matooke or Bananas - Ebitookye
  • Maize Meal or corn bread – Obuhunga’Ensano’
  • Beans – Ebihimba
  • Meat – Enyama
  • Millet Bread – Oburo

Other words and phrases

  • No: Ngaaha (ing-gah-ha) or Apaana (ah-pah-nah)
  • Yes: Yego (yegg-oh)
  • Thank you: Yebare (Ye-ba-re)
  • Thank you very much: Yebare munonga (Ye-ba-re mu-non-ga)
  • You're welcome (literally: Thank you for appreciating): Yebare kusiima (ye-ba-re koo-see-mah)
  • I like/love you: Ninkukunda (nin-koo-coon-dah) or ninkukunda munonga (nin-koo-coon-dah moo-non-gah)
  • My name is ____: Eizina ryangye niinye ______ (ey-zeen-ah riya-gye ni-inye___) or ndi _____ (in-dee ______)
  • I am from _____: Ninduga_____ (nin-doog-ah_____)
  • It's how much shillings/money? Ni shiringi zingahi? (Knee shi-rin-gee zin-gah-hee) or ni sente zingahi?
  • Good morning. How are you?

Oraire ota (orei-rota) Replies: I'm fine Ndaire gye (ndei-re-jeh) or Ndyaho (indi-aho)

  • Good morning. Did you sleep well?

Oraire gye? (orei-reh-jeh) Reply: Yes, yourself? Yego, shan’iwe

  • Good afternoon. How are you spending your day?

Osiibire ota (o-see-bee-rota) Replies: Nsiibire gye (insi-bi-reje)

  • You are spending your day well?

Osiibire gye (Osi birejge) Replies: Yes- Yego (yegg-oh) or nsiibire gye

  • Good afternoon. How has your day been?

Waasiiba ota (wasib-wota) Reply: Fine, good, I've spent it well – Naasiiba gye (nasi-baje)

  • Good night: oraregye

[7][8]

See also

References

  1. ^ Nkore at Ethnologue (22nd ed., 2019)  
  2. ^ Jouni Filip Maho, 2009.
  3. ^ Glottopedia article on Nkore language.
  4. ^ a b c Poletto, Robert E. (1998). Topics in Runyankore Phonology (PhD dissertation). Columbus, Ohio: Ohio State University. ISBN 978-0-599-09503-8. ProQuest 304452450. Retrieved April 6, 2023.
  5. ^ Lewis, Paul M., ed. (2009). "Ethnologue Report for Language Code: nyn". Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Sixteenth edition. Dallas, Texas, U.S.: SIL International. Retrieved 9 December 2009.
  6. ^ "Nkore language". Omniglot. Retrieved 13 June 2021.
  7. ^ "Kashoboorozi Y' Orunyankore Rukiga Dictionary".
  8. ^ Standard English–Runyankore/Rukiga Dictionary – Mwene Mushanga, Ph.D. Banyankore Cultural Foundation, Mbarara, Uganda, 2004 English to Runyankole Easy Reading Handbook, Vincent Busulwa, 2000 Staff of Bishop Stuart Core Primary Teachers' College, Mbarara, Uganda

a banyankore are bantu speaking group of people from South western Uganda and they speak Runyankore with (ntu) (aba) like akantu, ekintu, omuntu, abantu. Akantu means thing in prural, ekintu means something big, omuntu means a person, abantu means people same as in Zulu language of South Africa

nkore, language, also, nkore, kiga, language, nkore, also, called, nkole, nyankore, nyankole, orunyankore, orunyankole, runyankore, runyankole, bantu, language, spoken, nkore, banyankore, south, western, uganda, former, province, ankole, well, tanzania, congo,. See also Nkore Kiga language Nkore also called Nkole Nyankore Nyankole Orunyankore Orunyankole Runyankore and Runyankole is a Bantu language spoken by the Nkore Banyankore of south western Uganda in the former province of Ankole as well as in Tanzania the DR Congo Rwanda and Burundi 4 NkoreOrunyankoreNative toUgandaRegionAnkoleEthnicityBanyankoreNative speakers3 4 million 2014 census 1 Language familyNiger Congo Atlantic CongoVolta CongoBenue CongoBantoidSouthern BantoidBantuNortheast BantuGreat Lakes BantuWest NyanzaRutaraNorth RutaraNkore Kiga Nyoro TooroNkore KigaNkoreStandard formsRunyakitaraDialectsHima Hororo OrutagwendaLanguage codesISO 639 2 span class plainlinks nyn span ISO 639 3 a href https iso639 3 sil org code nyn class extiw title iso639 3 nyn nyn a Glottolognyan1307Guthrie codeJE 13 2 GlottopediaRunyankore 3 Runyankole is mainly spoken in the Mbarara Bushenyi Ntungamo Kiruhura Ibanda Isingiro Rukungiri Buhweju Mitooma Sheema Rubirizi and parts of Kitagwenda districts There is a brief description and teaching guide for this language written by Charles V Taylor in the 1950s and an adequate dictionary in print Whilst this language is spoken by almost all the Ugandans in the region most also speak English especially in the towns English is one of Uganda s two official languages and the language taught in schools Nkore is so similar to Kiga 84 94 percent lexical similarity 5 that some argue they are dialects of the same language a language called Nkore Kiga by Taylor 4 Contents 1 Phonology 2 Orthography 3 Basic greetings 4 Food 5 Other words and phrases 6 See also 7 ReferencesPhonology EditRunyankore has a five vowel system 4 Front Central BackClose i uMid e oOpen aSounds i u can be heard as ɪ ʊ when short or lax Consonants Labial Alveolar Post alveolar Palatal Velar GlottalNasal m n ɲ ŋPlosive Affricate voiceless p t t ʃ kvoiced b d d ʒ gFricative voiceless f s ʃ hvoiced v z ʒTrill rApproximant j wOrthography Edita a b b c t ʃ d d e e f f g g d ʒ h h i i k k t ʃ m m n n o o p p r r s s t t u u v v w w y j z z ai ai ei ɛi gy gʲ ky kʲ mp ᵐp mw ᵐw nd ⁿd ng ŋ ny ɲ oi ɔi sh ʃ ts t s zh ʒ 6 D and P are only used in the digraphs ND and MP and in loanwords G and K are d ʒ and t ʃ before I k and g elsewhere Basic greetings EditThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed May 2017 Learn how and when to remove this template message The greeting Agandi implying How are you but literally meaning other news can be replied with Ni marungi which literally means good news The proper greetings are Oraire ota or Osiibire ota literally translated How was your night and How was your day Good night is Oraare gye and Good day is Osiibe gye Here are a few names one might use in a greeting Madam Nyabo Sir Sebo Child omwana Boy omwojo Girl omwishikiFood EditThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed May 2017 Learn how and when to remove this template message Matooke or Bananas Ebitookye Maize Meal or corn bread Obuhunga Ensano Beans Ebihimba Meat Enyama Millet Bread OburoOther words and phrases EditThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed May 2017 Learn how and when to remove this template message No Ngaaha ing gah ha or Apaana ah pah nah Yes Yego yegg oh Thank you Yebare Ye ba re Thank you very much Yebare munonga Ye ba re mu non ga You re welcome literally Thank you for appreciating Yebare kusiima ye ba re koo see mah I like love you Ninkukunda nin koo coon dah or ninkukunda munonga nin koo coon dah moo non gah My name is Eizina ryangye niinye ey zeen ah riya gye ni inye or ndi in dee I am from Ninduga nin doog ah It s how much shillings money Ni shiringi zingahi Knee shi rin gee zin gah hee or ni sente zingahi Good morning How are you Oraire ota orei rota Replies I m fine Ndaire gye ndei re jeh or Ndyaho indi aho Good morning Did you sleep well Oraire gye orei reh jeh Reply Yes yourself Yego shan iwe Good afternoon How are you spending your day Osiibire ota o see bee rota Replies Nsiibire gye insi bi reje You are spending your day well Osiibire gye Osi birejge Replies Yes Yego yegg oh or nsiibire gye Good afternoon How has your day been Waasiiba ota wasib wota Reply Fine good I ve spent it well Naasiiba gye nasi baje Good night oraregye 7 8 See also EditRunyakitara languageReferences Edit Nkore at Ethnologue 22nd ed 2019 Jouni Filip Maho 2009 New Updated Guthrie List Online Glottopedia article on Nkore language a b c Poletto Robert E 1998 Topics in Runyankore Phonology PhD dissertation Columbus Ohio Ohio State University ISBN 978 0 599 09503 8 ProQuest 304452450 Retrieved April 6 2023 Lewis Paul M ed 2009 Ethnologue Report for Language Code nyn Ethnologue Languages of the World Sixteenth edition Dallas Texas U S SIL International Retrieved 9 December 2009 Nkore language Omniglot Retrieved 13 June 2021 Kashoboorozi Y Orunyankore Rukiga Dictionary Standard English Runyankore Rukiga Dictionary Mwene Mushanga Ph D Banyankore Cultural Foundation Mbarara Uganda 2004 English to Runyankole Easy Reading Handbook Vincent Busulwa 2000 Staff of Bishop Stuart Core Primary Teachers College Mbarara Uganda Nkore language test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator a banyankore are bantu speaking group of people from South western Uganda and they speak Runyankore with ntu aba like akantu ekintu omuntu abantu Akantu means thing in prural ekintu means something big omuntu means a person abantu means people same as in Zulu language of South Africa Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Nkore language amp oldid 1148373301, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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