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Rage Against the Machine

April 19, 2023

Not to be confused with Race Against the Machine or Age Against the Machine.
This article is about the band itself. For their various self-titled works, see Rage Against the Machine (disambiguation).

Rage Against the Machine (often abbreviated as RATM or shortened to simply Rage) is an American rock band from Los Angeles, California. Formed in 1991, the group consists of vocalist Zack de la Rocha, bassist and backing vocalist Tim Commerford, guitarist Tom Morello, and drummer Brad Wilk. The band is known for melding heavy metal and rap music with punk rock and funk influences, as well as their revolutionary socialist political views. As of 2010, they have sold over 16 million records worldwide.[1] The band was nominated for induction into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame in their first year of eligibility in 2017, then again in 2018, 2019, and 2021, though the bids failed.[2][3][4]

Rage Against the Machine
Rage Against the Machine in 2007. Left to right: Tim Commerford, Zack de la Rocha, Brad Wilk, Tom Morello.
Background information
OriginLos Angeles, California, U.S.
Genres
Years active
  • 1991–2000
  • 2007–2011
  • 2019–present
Labels
Spinoffs
Members
Websiteratm.com

Rage Against the Machine released its self-titled debut album in 1992 to critical acclaim, and achieved commercial success following their performances at the 1993 Lollapalooza festival; in 2003, the album was ranked number 368 on Rolling Stone's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time.[5] The band's next two albums, Evil Empire (1996) and The Battle of Los Angeles (1999), were also successful; both albums topped the Billboard 200 chart.[6][7] During their initial nine-year run, Rage Against the Machine became a popular and influential band,[8] and had a large influence on the nu metal genre which came to prominence during the late 1990s and early 2000s. They were also ranked No. 33 on VH1's 100 Greatest Artists of Hard Rock.[9]

In 2000, Rage Against the Machine released the cover album Renegades and disbanded after growing creative differences led to De la Rocha's departure. De la Rocha started a low-profile solo career, while the rest of the band formed the rock supergroup Audioslave with Chris Cornell, the former frontman of Soundgarden; Audioslave recorded three albums before disbanding in 2007. The same year, Rage Against the Machine announced a reunion and performed together for the first time in seven years at the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival in April 2007. Within the next four years, minus a sabbatical in 2009, the band continued to perform at more live venues and festivals around the world before going on hiatus once again in 2011. In 2016, Morello, Commerford and Wilk formed a new band, Prophets of Rage, with B-Real, Chuck D, and DJ Lord; that band released one EP and one full-length studio album before disbanding in 2019.

After an eight-year hiatus, Rage Against the Machine announced in November 2019 that they were reuniting for a world tour, which was initially scheduled to start in 2020, but was ultimately postponed to 2021, and then to 2022, due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

History

1991–1992: Early years

 
Logo from the band's first album.

In 1991, following the break-up of guitarist Tom Morello's former band Lock Up, former Lock Up drummer Jon Knox encouraged Tim Commerford and Zack de la Rocha to jam with Morello as he was looking to start a new group.[10] Morello soon contacted Brad Wilk, who had unsuccessful auditions for both Lock Up[10] and the band that would later become Pearl Jam.[11] This lineup named themselves Rage Against the Machine, after a song de la Rocha had written for his former underground hardcore punk band Inside Out (also to be the title of the unrecorded Inside Out full-length album).[10] Kent McClard, with whom Inside Out were associated, had coined the phrase "rage against the machine" in a 1989 article in his zine No Answers.[12]

The blueprint for the group's major-label debut album, demo tape Rage Against the Machine, was laid on a twelve-song self-released cassette, the cover image of which featured newspaper clippings of the stockmarket section with a single match taped to the inlay card. Not all 12 songs made it onto the final album—two were eventually included as B-sides, while three others never saw an official release.[13] Several record labels expressed interest, and the band eventually signed with Epic Records. Morello said, "Epic agreed to everything we asked—and they've followed through ... We never saw a[n] [ideological] conflict as long as we maintained creative control."[14]

1992–1994: Rage Against the Machine

 
"Know Your Enemy"
Sample of "Know Your Enemy" from the band's eponymous debut album (1992).
Problems playing this file? See media help.

The band's debut album, Rage Against the Machine, was released in November 1992. The album's cover featured Malcolm Browne's Pulitzer Prize-winning photograph of Thích Quảng Đức, a Vietnamese Buddhist monk, burning himself to death in Saigon in 1963 in protest of the murder of Buddhists by the U.S.-backed Prime Minister Ngô Đình Diệm's regime. The album was produced by Garth Richardson.[15]

While sales of the album were initially slow,[16] the album became a critical and commercial success, driven by heavy radio play of the song "Killing in the Name", a heavy, driving track featuring only eight lines of lyrics.[17][18] The "Fuck You" version, which contains 17 instances of the word fuck, was once accidentally played on the BBC Radio 1 Top 40 singles show on February 21, 1993.[19][20] The band's profile soared following a notable performance at Lollapalooza during their June to August 1993 tour; sales of Rage Against the Machine in the United States increased from 75,000 before Lollapalooza, to 400,000 by the end of the year.[16] The band further promoted the album with tours supporting Suicidal Tendencies in Europe, and with House of Pain.[21] By April 1996, the album had sold over one million copies in the United States, and three million copies worldwide.[16] The album was later certified triple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) in May 2000.[22]

After their debut album, the band appeared on the soundtrack for the film Higher Learning with the song "Year of tha Boomerang". An early version of "Tire Me" also appeared in the movie. Subsequently, they re-recorded the song "Darkness" from their original demo for the soundtrack of The Crow, while "No Shelter" appeared on the Godzilla soundtrack in 1998.[23]

1995–2000: Mainstream success

"Different band members have their different interests that they've been pursuing. But principally, the main reason for the delay between records was trying to find the right combination of our very diverse influences that would make a record that we were all happy with and that was great. That was a long process."

Tom Morello speaking to Kerrang! in 1996 about the delays between Rage Against the Machine and its follow-up, Evil Empire.[24]

In late 1994, Rage Against the Machine took a hiatus from touring, and the band's inactivity sparked rumours that they had broken up.[24] According to an anonymous source reporting to MTV News, Rage Against the Machine had recorded 23 tracks with producer Brendan O'Brien in Atlanta starting in November 1994, and briefly broke up due to violent infighting in the band, before regrouping for the KROQ Weenie Roast in June 1995.[24] Tom Morello later clarified that there had been conflict over the band's musical direction, which were later reconciled.[24][25] The band eventually recorded their long-awaited follow-up album, Evil Empire, with O'Brien in November and December 1995.[24] Morello stated that, as a result of the band's musical tensions, the album incorporated greater hip hop influences, describing its sound as a "middle ground between Public Enemy and The Clash."[25]

Evil Empire was released on April 16, 1996, and entered the Billboard 200 chart at number one, selling 249,000 copies in its first week.[26][27] The album later rose to triple platinum status.[28] The song "Bulls on Parade" was performed on Saturday Night Live in April 1996. Their planned two-song performance was cut to one song when the band attempted to hang inverted American flags from their amplifiers ("a sign of distress or great danger"),[29] a protest against having Republican presidential candidate Steve Forbes as guest host on the program that night.[29]

In 1997, the band opened for U2 on their PopMart Tour, for which all of Rage's profits went to support organizations[30] such as the Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees, Women Alive and the Zapatista Front for National Liberation.[31] Rage subsequently began an abortive headlining U.S. tour with special guests Wu-Tang Clan. Police in several jurisdictions unsuccessfully attempted to have the concerts cancelled, citing amongst other reasons, the bands' "violent and anti-law enforcement philosophies".[32] Wu-Tang Clan were eventually removed from the lineup and replaced with The Roots when Wu-Tang Clan pulled a no show during a concert at Riverport. On the Japan leg of their tour promoting Evil Empire, a compilation album composed of the band's B-side recordings titled Live & Rare was released by Sony Records. A live video, also titled Rage Against the Machine, was released later the same year.[21]

In 1999, Rage Against the Machine played at the Woodstock '99 concert. The following release, The Battle of Los Angeles also debuted at number one in 1999, selling 450,000 copies in the first week and then going double-platinum.[33] That same year, the song "Wake Up" was featured on the soundtrack of the film The Matrix. The track "Calm Like a Bomb" was later featured in the film's sequel, 2003's The Matrix Reloaded. In 2000, the band planned to support the Beastie Boys on the "Rhyme and Reason" tour; however, the tour was cancelled when Beastie Boys drummer Mike D suffered a serious injury.[34] In 2003, The Battle of Los Angeles was ranked number 426 on Rolling Stone's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time.[35]

2000–2006: Break-up and subsequent projects

On January 26, 2000, an altercation during filming of the video for "Sleep Now in the Fire", directed by Michael Moore, caused the doors of the New York Stock Exchange to be closed and the band to be escorted from the site by security[36] after band members attempted to gain entry into the exchange.[37] The video shoot had attracted several hundred people, according to a representative for the city's Deputy Commissioner for Public Information.[38] New York City's film office does not allow weekday film shoots on Wall Street. Moore had permission to use the steps of Federal Hall National Memorial but did not have a permit to shoot on the sidewalk or the street, nor did he have a loud-noise permit or the proper parking permits.[39] "Michael basically gave us one directorial instruction, "No matter what happens, don't stop playing", Tom Morello recalls. When the band left the steps, police officers apprehended Moore and led him away. Moore yelled to the band, "Take the New York Stock Exchange!"[40] In an interview with the Socialist Worker, Morello said he and scores of others ran into the Stock Exchange. "About two hundred of us got through the first set of doors, but our charge was stopped when the Stock Exchange's titanium riot doors came crashing down."[41] "For a few minutes, Rage Against the Machine was able to shut down American capitalism", Moore said. "An act that I am sure tens of thousands of downsized citizens would cheer".[36]

On September 7, 2000, the band attended the 2000 MTV Video Music Awards, and performed "Testify".[42][43] After the Best Rock Video award was given to Limp Bizkit, however, Commerford climbed onto the scaffolding of the set.[42][43] Commerford and his bodyguard were sentenced to a night in jail and de la Rocha reportedly left the awards after the stunt.[42][43] Morello recalled that Commerford relayed his plan to the rest of the band before the show, and that both de la Rocha and Morello advised him against it immediately after Bizkit was presented the award.[42][43]

On October 18, 2000, de la Rocha released a statement announcing his departure from the band.[44] He said, "I feel that it is now necessary to leave Rage because our decision-making process has completely failed. It is no longer meeting the aspirations of all four of us collectively as a band, and from my perspective, has undermined our artistic and political ideal."[44] "There was so much squabbling over everything", explained Morello, "and I mean everything. We would even have fist fights over whether our T-shirts should be mauve or camouflaged! It was ridiculous. We were patently political, internally combustible. It was ugly for a long time".[45] de la Rocha's departure from Rage Against the Machine was voted the "Shittiest Thing" of 2000 in the Kerrang! Readers' Poll of that year.[46]

The band's next album, Renegades, was a collection of covers of artists as diverse as Devo, EPMD, Minor Threat, Cypress Hill, the MC5, Afrika Bambaataa, the Rolling Stones, Eric B. & Rakim, Bruce Springsteen, the Stooges, and Bob Dylan.[33][47] It achieved platinum status a month later.[28] The following year saw the release of another live video, The Battle of Mexico City, while 2003 brought the live album Live at the Grand Olympic Auditorium, an edited recording of the band's final concerts on September 12 and 13, 2000, at the Grand Olympic Auditorium in Los Angeles.[48] It was accompanied by an expanded DVD release of the last show, which included a previously unreleased video for "Bombtrack".[49]

 
Wilk, Commerford, and Morello performing with Chris Cornell as Audioslave at the Montreux Jazz Festival in 2005

In the wake of the September 11 attacks, the controversial 2001 Clear Channel memorandum contained a long list of what the memo termed "lyrically questionable" songs for the radio, uniquely listing all of Rage Against the Machine's songs.[50]

After the group's breakup, Morello, Wilk, and Commerford decided to stay together and find a new vocalist.[45] "There was talk for a while of us becoming Ozzy Osbourne's backing band, and even Macy Gray's", said Morello. "We informed them that losing our singer was actually a blessing in disguise, and that we had bigger ambitions than being somebody's hired musicians."[45] Music producer and friend Rick Rubin suggested that they play with Chris Cornell of Soundgarden. Along with Cornell, they formed Audioslave.[51] The first Audioslave single, "Cochise", was released in early November 2002, and a self-titled debut album followed to mainly positive reviews. Compared to Rage Against the Machine, most of Audioslave's music was apolitical, although some songs touched on political issues. Their second album Out of Exile debuted at the number one position on the Billboard charts in 2005.[52] Audioslave released its third album Revelations on September 4, 2006, but an accompanying tour did not occur as Cornell and Morello were working on solo albums. After months of inactivity and rumors of a breakup, Audioslave disbanded on February 15, 2007, after Cornell announced he was leaving the band.[53]

Morello began his own solo career in 2003, playing political acoustic folk music at open-mic nights and various clubs under the alias the Nightwatchman, which he formed as an outlet for his political views while playing apolitical music with Audioslave. He first participated in Billy Bragg's Tell Us the Truth tour[54] with no plans to record,[55] but later recorded a song for Songs and Artists that Inspired Fahrenheit 9/11, "No One Left". In February 2007, he announced a solo album, entitled One Man Revolution, which was released in April 2007.[56] Morello followed up his first studio album with The Fabled City which was released on September 30, 2008. During the latter days of his career as the Nightwatchman, Morello joined up with Boots Riley and formed the rap rock group Street Sweeper Social Club, which released its debut self-titled album in June 2009.

Meanwhile, de la Rocha had been working on a solo album collaboration with DJ Shadow, Company Flow, Roni Size and The Roots' Questlove,[44] but dropped the project in favor of working with Nine Inch Nails' Trent Reznor.[57] Recording was completed but the album has not been released.[58] A collaboration between de la Rocha and DJ Shadow, the song "March of Death" was released for free online in 2003 in protest against the imminent invasion of Iraq,[59] and the 2004 soundtrack Songs and Artists that Inspired Fahrenheit 9/11 included one of the collaborations with Reznor, "We Want It All".[57] In late 2005, de la Rocha was seen singing and playing the jarana huasteca with Son Jarocho band Son de Madera on multiple occasions.[60] Rage Against the Machine was ranked 33rd on VH1's 100 Greatest Artists of Hard Rock list in 2005.[9]

Members of the band had been offered large sums of money to reunite for concerts and tours, and had turned the offers down.[61] Rumors of tension between de la Rocha and the other former band members subsequently circulated, but Commerford said that he and de la Rocha saw each other often and went surfing together, while Morello said he and de la Rocha communicated by phone, and had met up at a September 15, 2005 protest in support of the South Central Farm.[62]

2007–2008: First reunion and tours

Main article: Rage Against the Machine reunion tour

Rumors that Rage Against the Machine could reunite at the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival were circulating in mid-January 2007,[63] and were confirmed on January 22.[64] The band was confirmed to be headlining the final day of Coachella 2007.[65] The reunion was described by Morello as primarily being a vehicle to voice the band's opposition to the "right-wing purgatory" the United States had "slid into" under the George W. Bush administration since Rage Against the Machine's dissolution.[66] Though the performance was initially thought to be a one-off,[67] this turned out not to be the case.

On April 14, 2007, Morello and de la Rocha reunited onstage early to perform a brief acoustic set at a Coalition of Immokalee Workers rally in downtown Chicago. Morello described the event as "very exciting for everybody in the room, myself included".[68] This was followed by the scheduled Coachella performance on Sunday, April 29 where the band staged a much anticipated performance in front of an EZLN backdrop to the largest crowds of the festival.[69][70][71]

 
Rage Against the Machine performing in 2007

Rage Against the Machine continued to tour in the United States, New Zealand, Australia, and Japan,[72] and also played a series of shows in Europe in Summer 2008 including Rock am Ring and Rock im Park, Pinkpop Festival, T in the Park in Scotland, the Hultsfred Festival in Sweden, the Reading and Leeds Festivals in England and the Oxegen Festival in Ireland. The band also performed on August 2, 2008, in Chicago as one of the headliners (Radiohead, Kanye West and Nine Inch Nails being the other three) for the 2008 Lollapalooza Music Festival. When asked in May 2007 if the band was planning on writing a new album, Morello replied:

There are no plans to do that ... That's a whole other ball of wax right there. Writing and recording albums is a whole different thing than getting back on the bike (laughs), you know, and playing these songs. But I think that the one thing about the Rage catalog is that to me none of it feels dated. You know, it doesn't feel at all like a nostalgia show. It feels like these are songs that were born and bred to be played now.[73]

Morello declined to comment about the possibility of a new album when interviewed by MTV News in April 2008.[74] In July 2008, it was revealed that de la Rocha had begun a new project called One Day as a Lion with drummer Jon Theodore formerly of The Mars Volta, with an eponymous EP released on July 22, 2008.[75]

In August 2008, de la Rocha revealed his take on the possibility of new material:

We're going to keep playing shows – we have a couple of big ones happening in front of both conventions. As far as us recording music in the future, I don't know where we all fit with that. We've all embraced each other's projects and support them, and that's great.[76]

In August 2008, during the Democratic National Convention in Denver, Rage headlined the free Tent State Music Festival to End the War. The band was supported by Flobots, State Radio, Jello Biafra, and Wayne Kramer.[77] Following the concert, the band, following uniformed veterans from Iraq Veterans Against the War, led the 8,000 attendees to the Denver Coliseum on a six-mile march to Invesco Field, host of the DNC. After a four-hour stand-off with police, Obama's campaign agreed to meet with members of Iraq Veterans Against the War and hear their demands.[78]

In September 2008, Rage performed at the Target Center in Minneapolis during the Republican National Convention. The previous day, they attempted to play a surprise set at a free anti-RNC concert at the Minnesota Capitol in St. Paul, but were prevented from doing so by the police. Instead, de la Rocha and Morello rapped and sang through a megaphone. Later that evening, Morello and Boots Reilly joined up with Billy Bragg and Jim Walsh for a three-hour jam session at Pepitos Parkway theater in south Minneapolis.

In December 2008, Tom Morello revealed that Rage Against the Machine shows in 2009 were a possibility, although plans for the band to record a new studio album were very unlikely. When asked by Billboard.com whether they planned to head to the studio in 2009, Morello stated: "we've had a wonderful year and a half of playing shows, and I don't see any reason to not play more shows. The thing is there's only so many hours in the musical day, and mine are very occupied right now".[79]

Morello elaborated that the Nightwatchman is now "my principal musical focus, as I see it, for the remainder of my life. From the earliest days of playing open mic nights at coffee houses, it was apparent to me that this music was as important to me as any music I've ever been involved in. It really encapsulates everything I want to do as an artist."[79] He repeated this point in an interview with the Los Angeles Times.[80]

However, after the "Rage Factor" celebratory show in Finsbury Park on June 6, 2010, after the campaign to get "Killing in the Name" to the No. 1 spot at Christmas, Zack de la Rocha stated that it was a "genuine possibility". Stating that they may use the momentum from the campaign to get back into the studio and write a follow-up record to 2000's Renegades after 10 years. When talking to NME, Zack de la Rocha said: "I think it's a genuine possibility, We have to get our heads around what we're going to do towards the end of the year and finish up on some other projects and we'll take it from there."[81]

2009–2015: UK "Killing in the Name" Christmas campaign, European tour, and L.A. Rising

In December 2009, a campaign was launched on Facebook by Jon Morter and his wife Tracy, in order to stop, most notably, The X Factor hits from becoming almost automatic Christmas number ones on the UK Singles Chart. It generated nationwide publicity and took the track "Killing in the Name" to the coveted Christmas number one slot in the UK Singles Chart, which had been dominated for four consecutive years from 2005 by winners from the popular TV show The X Factor.[82] Before the chart was announced on December 20, 2009, the Facebook group membership stood at over 950,000, and was acknowledged (and supported) by Tom Morello,[83] Dave Grohl,[84] Paul McCartney,[85] Muse, Fightstar,[86] NME, John Lydon,[66] Bill Bailey,[66] Lenny Henry,[66] BBC Radio 1,[87] Hadouken!,[88] the Prodigy,[89] Stereophonics,[89] BBC Radio 5 Live,[90] and even the 2004 X Factor winner Steve Brookstein,[91] amongst numerous others. On the morning of December 17, Rage Against the Machine played a slightly censored version of "Killing in the Name" live on Radio 5 Live, but four repeats of 'Fuck you I won't do what you tell me' were aired before the song was pulled.[92] During the interview before the song they reiterated their support for the campaign and their intentions to support charity with the proceeds. The campaign was ultimately successful, and "Killing in the Name" became the number-one single in the UK for Christmas 2009.[93][94] Zack de la Rocha spoke to BBC One upon hearing the news, stating that:

 
Performing in 2010

We're very very ecstatic and excited about the song reaching the number one spot. We want to thank everyone that participated in this incredible, organic, grass-roots campaign. It says more about the spontaneous action taken by young people throughout the UK to topple this very sterile pop monopoly. When young people decide to take action they can make what's seemingly impossible, possible.[94]

The band also set a new record, achieving the biggest download sales total in a first week ever in the UK charts.[94] de la Rocha also promised the band would perform a free concert in the UK sometime in 2010 to celebrate the achievement.[94] True to their word, the band announced that they would be performing a free concert at Finsbury Park, London, on June 6, 2010.[95] The concert, dubbed "The Rage Factor", gave away all the tickets by free photo registration to prevent touting over the weekend of the February 13–14, followed by an online lottery on February 17. This proved to be popular, with many users facing connection issues. The tickets were all allocated by 13:30 that same day.[96] After allowing ticket holders to vote for who they wanted to be the support acts for "The Rage Factor", it was announced that Gogol Bordello, Gallows and Roots Manuva would support Rage Against the Machine at the concert.[97]

In addition to the free gig at Finsbury Park, the band headlined European festivals in June 2010 including the Download Festival at Donington Park, England, Rock am Ring and Rock im Park in Germany and Rock in Rio Madrid in Spain.[98] They also performed in Ireland on June 8 and the Netherlands on June 9. Zack de la Rocha had stated that it was a definite possibility that the band would record a new album, the first time since 2000's Renegades.[99] Morter confirmed this, stating the discussions he and the band had backstage before the Finsbury Park gig saying the band did write new material, but they had no motivation to release them until now. de la Rocha mentioned the very strong reaction from the Download Festival 2010 audience as an incentive for releasing new material.[100] In addition, the band returned to Los Angeles on July 23, 2010, for their first U.S. show in two years and their first hometown show in 10 years.[101] The concert benefited Arizona organizations that are fighting the SB1070 immigration law. On the night of the show, a spokesperson announced to the crowd that ticket sales—all of which are non-profit to the bands—had raised $300,000. The band has been confirmed to do a short South American tour in October, performing at venues such as the SWU Festival in Brazil, the Maquinaria Festival in Chile, and Pepsi Music Festival in Argentina. It was the first time the band played in those countries.

During an interview with the Chilean newspaper La Tercera in October 2010, de la Rocha allegedly confirmed that a new album was in the works, with a possibility of a 2011 release. De la Rocha is reported as saying, "We are all bigger and more mature and we do not fall into the problems we faced 10 or 15 years ago. This is different and we project a lot: we are working on a new album due out next year, perhaps summer for the northern hemisphere".[102] However, in early May 2011, guitarist Tom Morello said that the band was not working on a new album, but would not rule out the possibility of future studio work. "The band is not writing songs, the band is not in the studio", Morello told The Pulse of Radio. "We get along famously and we all, you know, intend to do more Rage Against the Machine stuff in the future, but beyond sort of working out a concert this year, there's nothing else on the schedule (for 2011)".[95] The band created its own festival, the L.A. Rising. As Morello stated, the only Rage Against the Machine appearance for 2011 was a performance on July 30 at the L.A. Rising festival with El Gran Silencio, Immortal Technique, Lauryn Hill, Rise Against and Muse.[95] During an interview on July 30, 2011, Commerford seemingly contradicted Morello's comments, stating that new material was being written, and specific plans for the next two years were in place.[103]

In an October 2012 interview with TMZ, bassist Tim Commerford was asked if Rage Against the Machine was working on a new album. He simply responded, "maybe".[104] Asked by TMZ again in November 2012 whether a new album was being worked on, Commerford replied "definitely maybe ... anything's possible".[105] Later that month, however, Morello denied that they were working on new material, and stated that Rage Against the Machine had "no plans beyond" the reissue of their self-titled debut album.[106] Morello said he would be open to recording new Rage Against the Machine material, but added that it was "not on the table right now".[107]

The band announced on October 9 via their Facebook page that they would be releasing a special 20th anniversary box set to commemorate the group's debut album. The full box set contains never-before-released concert material, including the band's 2010 Finsbury Park show and footage from early in their career, as well as a digitally-remastered version of the album, b-sides and the original demo tape (on disc for the first time).[108][109] The band released 3-disc and single-disc versions.[110] The collection was released on November 27.[109]

In an April 2014 interview with The Pulse of Radio, drummer Brad Wilk indicated that Rage Against the Machine's 2011 performance at L.A. Rising was their final show.[111] In February 2015, Tim Commerford precised that uncertainty was typical of the band's functioning, speculating: "It could be tomorrow; it could be 10 years from now".[112]

On October 16, 2015, the 2010 gig in Finsbury Park was released as a DVD and Blu-ray called Live at Finsbury Park.

2016–2019: Prophets of Rage and Rock & Roll Hall of Fame

In May 2016, the band launched a countdown website, prophetsofrage.com, with a clock counting down to June 1. Accompanying the clock was an image of a broken slash through a circle with silhouettes of five people all extending their arms and clenched fists with the hashtag "#takethepowerback" underneath the timer. This led to speculation of the return of the band later in the year. However, a source close to Rage Against the Machine told Rolling Stone that the Prophets of Rage website had nothing do with the announcement of a "Rage-specific reunion", but added that "some of the members" of the band were working on a project that would include live shows.[113] It was later confirmed that Prophets of Rage were a new supergroup formed by Morello, Wilk and Commerford, with Chuck D of Public Enemy and B-Real of Cypress Hill.[114] The band toured through the remainder of 2016 and played the songs of the three bands in which the members of this group participated in before.[115]

Despite Morello, Wilk and Commerford's commitments to Prophets of Rage, the latter confirmed in a May 2016 interview with Rolling Stone that Rage Against the Machine had not split up, explaining, "We just do things our own way. Throughout our career, we never did what anyone wanted us to do. We never made the records people wanted us to make. We never played by the rules people wanted us to play by. And here we are, 25 years later, still a band. Clearly that means something. And if we did ever play or make new music or anything, it would be a very big deal. And there's a lot of bands that I've seen come along during that 25-year period that did everything the record companies and the powers-that-be wanted them to do, and they sold millions of records. But where are they now? They're gone."[116] Morello added, "Right now ... the cold embers of Rage Against the Machine are now the burning fire of Prophets of Rage. Where Rage Against the Machine lives, is this summer in these songs that we are playing. And we have nothing but the greatest love and honor and respect for Zack de la Rocha, the brilliant lyricist of Rage Against the Machine, who is working on his own music, which I'm sure will be fantastic—he's a great artist in his own right. But where you're going to hear Rage Against the Machine is in Prophets of Rage."[117]

 
Some of the band's gear on display at the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame after their unsuccessful 2018 nomination for induction.

In May 2018, Wilk stated that "nothing would make him happier" than if the band was to reunite, but stated "It's just really a matter of getting us all on the same page".[118]

In November 2019, Chuck D and B-Real confirmed that Prophets of Rage had disbanded.[119]

Rage Against the Machine was nominated for induction into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame in their first year of eligibility in 2017 as well as in 2018, 2019, and 2021, although the bids failed.[2][3][4]

2019–present: Second reunion

Main article: Public Service Announcement Tour

On November 1, 2019, it was reported that Rage Against the Machine were reuniting for their first shows in nine years in the spring of 2020, including two appearances at that year's Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival.[120][121][122] On November 25, 2019, an alleged leaked tour poster made its way online indicating the band would be going on a world tour throughout 2020. This was later debunked by Australian-based publication Wall of Sound who broke the news that a concert poster troll photoshopped and released it online as a prank.[123][124]

On February 10, 2020, Rage Against the Machine announced more worldwide dates for the 2020 reunion tour, now named the "Public Service Announcement" Tour.[125][126] It was scheduled to run from March 26 through September 12, making it the band's first full-length world tour in 20 years, after they completed the promotional cycle for their third album The Battle of Los Angeles.[125][126] The supporting act on all shows but Chicago would be rap duo Run the Jewels.[126] On March 12, 2020, the band postponed the first leg of the reunion tour due to the COVID-19 pandemic;[127] this tour was eventually postponed to the summer of 2021.[128] On May 1, 2020, the band announced that they had rescheduled the remaining dates of their reunion tour to 2021.[129] They were also due to headline the Reading and Leeds Festivals, which would have been Rage Against the Machine's first UK appearance in ten years, but it was announced on May 12, 2020 that the festival was cancelled.[130] Despite having rescheduled all of their tour dates, Rage Against the Machine was initially still scheduled to play Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival, which had been postponed from April to October 2020 before it was officially cancelled that June.[128][131] On April 8, 2021, it was announced that the "Public Service Announcement" Tour had once again been rescheduled to the spring and summer of 2022.[132]

By June 11, 2020, every Rage Against the Machine album had entered the top 30 of Apple Music's Rock Albums chart, and their self-titled debut album had entered the Billboard Top 200 at number 174.[133] The resurgence of interest in the band's music and politics was widely attributed to renewed worldwide Black Lives Matter protests following the murder of George Floyd in Minneapolis by law enforcement.[134][135][136]

When asked in a September 2020 interview with Yahoo! Entertainment if Rage Against the Machine were going to release new material, Morello stated, with a laugh, "I promise you, if there is ever any Rage Against the Machine recording news, our representatives will reach out to you!"[137]

On July 9, 2022, Rage Against the Machine played their first concert in 11 years at Alpine Valley Music Theatre in East Troy, Wisconsin.[138] On August 11, 2022, the band announced they had canceled the UK and European leg of their tour due to a leg injury de la Rocha sustained during a show on July 11, 2022 in Chicago, IL ,[139] described by Glen E. Friedman as an Achilles tendon rupture.[140] On October 4, 2022, the band further announced they had canceled the remaining shows on the 2023 North American leg of the tour due to the severity of de la Rocha's injury.[141]

Musical style and influences

 
De La Rocha and Morello performing in 2007

Inspired from early heavy metal instrumentation, Rage Against the Machine has been influenced by a variety of music, including acts like Led Zeppelin, Bob Dylan, U2, the Red Hot Chili Peppers, Iron Maiden, Kiss, Black Sabbath/Ozzy Osbourne, the Police, Devo, Living Colour, Queen, the Brothers Johnson and Wayne Shorter.[142][143] They are also said to be influenced by hip hop acts such as Afrika Bambaataa,[33] Run-DMC, Public Enemy, and the Beastie Boys, punk rock such as the Clash, Minor Threat, the Teen Idles,[142] Bad Brains, the Dead Kennedys, Black Flag,[144] the Sex Pistols,[142] Fugazi[145] and Bad Religion,[142] and crossover bands like Suicidal Tendencies[146] and Urban Dance Squad.[147] Rage Against the Machine has been noted for its "fiercely polemical music, which brewed sloganeering leftist rants against corporate America, cultural imperialism, and government oppression into a Molotov cocktail of punk rock, hip hop, and thrash."[33] Zack de la Rocha's lyrics and choruses are defined by a heavy use of sloganeering and repetition on songs like "Bulls on Parade", "Guerrilla Radio", "Testify", and "Down Rodeo". Guitarist Tom Morello, on the other hand, was considered the guitar player, but also the DJ in Rage.[148]

Rage Against the Machine has been described as rap metal, rap rock, funk metal, fusion, alternative metal, hard rock, nu metal, heavy metal and alternative rock.[note 1] Although the band has been described as nu metal, Rage Against the Machine is often instead considered a predecessor to nu metal.[183][184][185]

Political views and activism

Main article: Political views and activism of Rage Against the Machine
 
Rage performing in front of the flag of the Zapatista Army of National Liberation

The members of Rage Against the Machine are well known for their leftist anti-authoritarian and revolutionary political views, and almost all of the band's songs focus on these views. Key to the band's identity, Rage Against the Machine has voiced viewpoints highly critical of the domestic and foreign policies of current and previous U.S. governments. Throughout its existence, Rage Against the Machine and its individual members participated in political protests and other activism to advocate these beliefs. The band sees its music as a vehicle for social activism; De la Rocha explained, "I'm interested in spreading those ideas through art, because music has the power to cross borders, to break military sieges and to establish real dialogue."[186] Morello said of wage slavery in America:

America touts itself as the land of the free, but the number one freedom that you and I have is the freedom to enter into a subservient role in the workplace. Once you exercise this freedom you've lost all control over what you do, what is produced, and how it is produced. And in the end, the product doesn't belong to you. The only way you can avoid bosses and jobs is if you don't care about making a living. Which leads to the second freedom: the freedom to starve.[187]

Some critics have accused the group of hypocrisy for voicing commitment to leftist causes while being millionaires signed to Epic Records, a subsidiary of media conglomerate Sony Music.[188] Infectious Grooves released a song called "Do What I Tell Ya!" which mocks lyrics from "Killing in the Name", accusing the band of being hypocrites.[189][190] In response to such critiques, Morello stated:

When you live in a capitalistic society, the currency of the dissemination of information goes through capitalistic channels. Would Noam Chomsky object to his works being sold at Barnes & Noble? No, because that's where people buy their books. We're not interested in preaching to just the converted. It's great to play abandoned squats run by anarchists, but it's also great to be able to reach people with a revolutionary message, people from Granada Hills to Stuttgart.[14]

De la Rocha stated:

Yeah, to get as many people as possible to join the political debate, to get the dialogue going. I was wondering today, why would anyone climb to the roof of the American Embassy with a banner that says "Free Mumia Abu-Jamal", why do you do that? That's to get the international press' attention. The international network that Sony has available, is to me the perfect tool you know, it can get even more people to join a revolutionary awareness and fight.[191]

For their 2020 reunion tour, the band announced all profits from their first three shows—in El Paso, Texas; Las Cruces, New Mexico; and Glendale, Arizona—would be donated to immigrant rights organizations in the US. For subsequent shows, 10% of the base ticket price and 100% of proceeds after fees and base ticket price were reserved for charities local to each city they were performing in.[192][193]

On June 24, 2022, the band announced that they would donate $475,000 to reproductive rights groups in Wisconsin and Illinois after the Supreme Court's ruling to overturn Roe v. Wade.[194] During their July 9 concert in Wisconsin, the band further expressed opposition to the overturning of Roe v. Wade using screened images of text including "Abort the Supreme Court" and "Forced birth in a country where Black birth-givers experience maternal mortality two to three times higher than that of white birth-givers. Forced birth in a country where gun violence is the number one cause of death among children and teenagers."[195]

Members

Discography

Main article: Rage Against the Machine discography

Studio albums

Awards and nominations

Rage Against the Machine has won two Grammy Awards with six nominations altogether.[196] During 2008, the band was also inducted into the Kerrang! "Hall of Fame". As well during 2010, Rage Against the Machine were bestowed with NME's Heroes of the Year Award.[197][198] The band has also received three nominations from the MTV Video Music Awards, but has yet to win an award.[199][200][201] Rage Against The Machine have been nominated for the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2018, 2019 and 2021.[202]

In 2021, the UK Official Charts Company announced that "Killing in the Name" had been named as the 'UK's Favourite Christmas Number 1 of All Time'[203] in a poll commissioned to celebrate the 70th Official Christmas Number 1 race (and as a tie-in with the book The Official Christmas No. 1 Singles Book by Michael Mulligan).[204][205]

Grammy Awards

Year Nominee / work Award Result
1997 "Tire Me" Best Metal Performance[206] Won
"Bulls on Parade" Best Hard Rock Performance[206][207] Nominated
1998 "People of the Sun" Nominated
1999 "No Shelter" Best Metal Performance[196] Nominated
2001 "Guerrilla Radio" Best Hard Rock Performance[196] Won
The Battle of Los Angeles Best Rock Album[196] Nominated
2002 "Renegades of Funk" Best Hard Rock Performance[196] Nominated

MTV Video Music Awards

Year Nominee / work Award Result
1996 "Bulls on Parade" Best Rock Video[199][200][201] Nominated
1997 "People of the Sun" Nominated
2000 "Sleep Now in the Fire" Nominated

NME Awards

Year Nominee / work Award Result
2010 Rage Against the Machine Heroes of the Year[198] Won

Kerrang! Awards

Year Nominee / work Award Result
2008 Rage Against the Machine Hall of Fame[197] Won

Classic Rock Roll of Honour Awards

Year Nominee / work Award Result
2010 Rage Against the Machine Band of the Year[208] Nominated
Christmas Number One and Free Concert Event of the Year[209] Won

Rock and Roll Hall of Fame

Year Nominee / work Award Result
2019 Rage Against the Machine Rock and Roll Hall of Fame[210] Nominated

Notes

  1. ^ Musical styles:

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April 19, 2023
rage, against, machine, confused, with, race, against, machine, against, machine, this, article, about, band, itself, their, various, self, titled, works, disambiguation, often, abbreviated, ratm, shortened, simply, rage, american, rock, band, from, angeles, c. Not to be confused with Race Against the Machine or Age Against the Machine This article is about the band itself For their various self titled works see Rage Against the Machine disambiguation Rage Against the Machine often abbreviated as RATM or shortened to simply Rage is an American rock band from Los Angeles California Formed in 1991 the group consists of vocalist Zack de la Rocha bassist and backing vocalist Tim Commerford guitarist Tom Morello and drummer Brad Wilk The band is known for melding heavy metal and rap music with punk rock and funk influences as well as their revolutionary socialist political views As of 2010 they have sold over 16 million records worldwide 1 The band was nominated for induction into the Rock amp Roll Hall of Fame in their first year of eligibility in 2017 then again in 2018 2019 and 2021 though the bids failed 2 3 4 Rage Against the MachineRage Against the Machine in 2007 Left to right Tim Commerford Zack de la Rocha Brad Wilk Tom Morello Background informationOriginLos Angeles California U S GenresRap metal rap rock funk metal alternative metalYears active1991 2000 2007 2011 2019 presentLabelsEpic RevelationSpinoffsAudioslave One Day as a Lion The Nightwatchman Wakrat Prophets of RageMembersZack de la Rocha Tom Morello Tim Commerford Brad WilkWebsiteratm wbr comRage Against the Machine released its self titled debut album in 1992 to critical acclaim and achieved commercial success following their performances at the 1993 Lollapalooza festival in 2003 the album was ranked number 368 on Rolling Stone s list of the 500 greatest albums of all time 5 The band s next two albums Evil Empire 1996 and The Battle of Los Angeles 1999 were also successful both albums topped the Billboard 200 chart 6 7 During their initial nine year run Rage Against the Machine became a popular and influential band 8 and had a large influence on the nu metal genre which came to prominence during the late 1990s and early 2000s They were also ranked No 33 on VH1 s 100 Greatest Artists of Hard Rock 9 In 2000 Rage Against the Machine released the cover album Renegades and disbanded after growing creative differences led to De la Rocha s departure De la Rocha started a low profile solo career while the rest of the band formed the rock supergroup Audioslave with Chris Cornell the former frontman of Soundgarden Audioslave recorded three albums before disbanding in 2007 The same year Rage Against the Machine announced a reunion and performed together for the first time in seven years at the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival in April 2007 Within the next four years minus a sabbatical in 2009 the band continued to perform at more live venues and festivals around the world before going on hiatus once again in 2011 In 2016 Morello Commerford and Wilk formed a new band Prophets of Rage with B Real Chuck D and DJ Lord that band released one EP and one full length studio album before disbanding in 2019 After an eight year hiatus Rage Against the Machine announced in November 2019 that they were reuniting for a world tour which was initially scheduled to start in 2020 but was ultimately postponed to 2021 and then to 2022 due to the COVID 19 pandemic Contents 1 History 1 1 1991 1992 Early years 1 2 1992 1994 Rage Against the Machine 1 3 1995 2000 Mainstream success 1 4 2000 2006 Break up and subsequent projects 1 5 2007 2008 First reunion and tours 1 6 2009 2015 UK Killing in the Name Christmas campaign European tour and L A Rising 1 7 2016 2019 Prophets of Rage and Rock amp Roll Hall of Fame 1 8 2019 present Second reunion 2 Musical style and influences 3 Political views and activism 4 Members 5 Discography 6 Awards and nominations 7 Notes 8 References 9 Further reading 10 External linksHistory Edit1991 1992 Early years Edit Logo from the band s first album In 1991 following the break up of guitarist Tom Morello s former band Lock Up former Lock Up drummer Jon Knox encouraged Tim Commerford and Zack de la Rocha to jam with Morello as he was looking to start a new group 10 Morello soon contacted Brad Wilk who had unsuccessful auditions for both Lock Up 10 and the band that would later become Pearl Jam 11 This lineup named themselves Rage Against the Machine after a song de la Rocha had written for his former underground hardcore punk band Inside Out also to be the title of the unrecorded Inside Out full length album 10 Kent McClard with whom Inside Out were associated had coined the phrase rage against the machine in a 1989 article in his zine No Answers 12 The blueprint for the group s major label debut album demo tape Rage Against the Machine was laid on a twelve song self released cassette the cover image of which featured newspaper clippings of the stockmarket section with a single match taped to the inlay card Not all 12 songs made it onto the final album two were eventually included as B sides while three others never saw an official release 13 Several record labels expressed interest and the band eventually signed with Epic Records Morello said Epic agreed to everything we asked and they ve followed through We never saw a n ideological conflict as long as we maintained creative control 14 1992 1994 Rage Against the Machine Edit Know Your Enemy source source track Sample of Know Your Enemy from the band s eponymous debut album 1992 Problems playing this file See media help The band s debut album Rage Against the Machine was released in November 1992 The album s cover featured Malcolm Browne s Pulitzer Prize winning photograph of Thich Quảng Đức a Vietnamese Buddhist monk burning himself to death in Saigon in 1963 in protest of the murder of Buddhists by the U S backed Prime Minister Ngo Đinh Diệm s regime The album was produced by Garth Richardson 15 While sales of the album were initially slow 16 the album became a critical and commercial success driven by heavy radio play of the song Killing in the Name a heavy driving track featuring only eight lines of lyrics 17 18 The Fuck You version which contains 17 instances of the word fuck was once accidentally played on the BBC Radio 1 Top 40 singles show on February 21 1993 19 20 The band s profile soared following a notable performance at Lollapalooza during their June to August 1993 tour sales of Rage Against the Machine in the United States increased from 75 000 before Lollapalooza to 400 000 by the end of the year 16 The band further promoted the album with tours supporting Suicidal Tendencies in Europe and with House of Pain 21 By April 1996 the album had sold over one million copies in the United States and three million copies worldwide 16 The album was later certified triple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America RIAA in May 2000 22 After their debut album the band appeared on the soundtrack for the film Higher Learning with the song Year of tha Boomerang An early version of Tire Me also appeared in the movie Subsequently they re recorded the song Darkness from their original demo for the soundtrack of The Crow while No Shelter appeared on the Godzilla soundtrack in 1998 23 1995 2000 Mainstream success Edit Different band members have their different interests that they ve been pursuing But principally the main reason for the delay between records was trying to find the right combination of our very diverse influences that would make a record that we were all happy with and that was great That was a long process Tom Morello speaking to Kerrang in 1996 about the delays between Rage Against the Machine and its follow up Evil Empire 24 In late 1994 Rage Against the Machine took a hiatus from touring and the band s inactivity sparked rumours that they had broken up 24 According to an anonymous source reporting to MTV News Rage Against the Machine had recorded 23 tracks with producer Brendan O Brien in Atlanta starting in November 1994 and briefly broke up due to violent infighting in the band before regrouping for the KROQ Weenie Roast in June 1995 24 Tom Morello later clarified that there had been conflict over the band s musical direction which were later reconciled 24 25 The band eventually recorded their long awaited follow up album Evil Empire with O Brien in November and December 1995 24 Morello stated that as a result of the band s musical tensions the album incorporated greater hip hop influences describing its sound as a middle ground between Public Enemy and The Clash 25 Evil Empire was released on April 16 1996 and entered the Billboard 200 chart at number one selling 249 000 copies in its first week 26 27 The album later rose to triple platinum status 28 The song Bulls on Parade was performed on Saturday Night Live in April 1996 Their planned two song performance was cut to one song when the band attempted to hang inverted American flags from their amplifiers a sign of distress or great danger 29 a protest against having Republican presidential candidate Steve Forbes as guest host on the program that night 29 In 1997 the band opened for U2 on their PopMart Tour for which all of Rage s profits went to support organizations 30 such as the Union of Needletrades Industrial and Textile Employees Women Alive and the Zapatista Front for National Liberation 31 Rage subsequently began an abortive headlining U S tour with special guests Wu Tang Clan Police in several jurisdictions unsuccessfully attempted to have the concerts cancelled citing amongst other reasons the bands violent and anti law enforcement philosophies 32 Wu Tang Clan were eventually removed from the lineup and replaced with The Roots when Wu Tang Clan pulled a no show during a concert at Riverport On the Japan leg of their tour promoting Evil Empire a compilation album composed of the band s B side recordings titled Live amp Rare was released by Sony Records A live video also titled Rage Against the Machine was released later the same year 21 In 1999 Rage Against the Machine played at the Woodstock 99 concert The following release The Battle of Los Angeles also debuted at number one in 1999 selling 450 000 copies in the first week and then going double platinum 33 That same year the song Wake Up was featured on the soundtrack of the film The Matrix The track Calm Like a Bomb was later featured in the film s sequel 2003 s The Matrix Reloaded In 2000 the band planned to support the Beastie Boys on the Rhyme and Reason tour however the tour was cancelled when Beastie Boys drummer Mike D suffered a serious injury 34 In 2003 The Battle of Los Angeles was ranked number 426 on Rolling Stone s list of the 500 greatest albums of all time 35 2000 2006 Break up and subsequent projects Edit On January 26 2000 an altercation during filming of the video for Sleep Now in the Fire directed by Michael Moore caused the doors of the New York Stock Exchange to be closed and the band to be escorted from the site by security 36 after band members attempted to gain entry into the exchange 37 The video shoot had attracted several hundred people according to a representative for the city s Deputy Commissioner for Public Information 38 New York City s film office does not allow weekday film shoots on Wall Street Moore had permission to use the steps of Federal Hall National Memorial but did not have a permit to shoot on the sidewalk or the street nor did he have a loud noise permit or the proper parking permits 39 Michael basically gave us one directorial instruction No matter what happens don t stop playing Tom Morello recalls When the band left the steps police officers apprehended Moore and led him away Moore yelled to the band Take the New York Stock Exchange 40 In an interview with the Socialist Worker Morello said he and scores of others ran into the Stock Exchange About two hundred of us got through the first set of doors but our charge was stopped when the Stock Exchange s titanium riot doors came crashing down 41 For a few minutes Rage Against the Machine was able to shut down American capitalism Moore said An act that I am sure tens of thousands of downsized citizens would cheer 36 On September 7 2000 the band attended the 2000 MTV Video Music Awards and performed Testify 42 43 After the Best Rock Video award was given to Limp Bizkit however Commerford climbed onto the scaffolding of the set 42 43 Commerford and his bodyguard were sentenced to a night in jail and de la Rocha reportedly left the awards after the stunt 42 43 Morello recalled that Commerford relayed his plan to the rest of the band before the show and that both de la Rocha and Morello advised him against it immediately after Bizkit was presented the award 42 43 On October 18 2000 de la Rocha released a statement announcing his departure from the band 44 He said I feel that it is now necessary to leave Rage because our decision making process has completely failed It is no longer meeting the aspirations of all four of us collectively as a band and from my perspective has undermined our artistic and political ideal 44 There was so much squabbling over everything explained Morello and I mean everything We would even have fist fights over whether our T shirts should be mauve or camouflaged It was ridiculous We were patently political internally combustible It was ugly for a long time 45 de la Rocha s departure from Rage Against the Machine was voted the Shittiest Thing of 2000 in the Kerrang Readers Poll of that year 46 The band s next album Renegades was a collection of covers of artists as diverse as Devo EPMD Minor Threat Cypress Hill the MC5 Afrika Bambaataa the Rolling Stones Eric B amp Rakim Bruce Springsteen the Stooges and Bob Dylan 33 47 It achieved platinum status a month later 28 The following year saw the release of another live video The Battle of Mexico City while 2003 brought the live album Live at the Grand Olympic Auditorium an edited recording of the band s final concerts on September 12 and 13 2000 at the Grand Olympic Auditorium in Los Angeles 48 It was accompanied by an expanded DVD release of the last show which included a previously unreleased video for Bombtrack 49 Wilk Commerford and Morello performing with Chris Cornell as Audioslave at the Montreux Jazz Festival in 2005In the wake of the September 11 attacks the controversial 2001 Clear Channel memorandum contained a long list of what the memo termed lyrically questionable songs for the radio uniquely listing all of Rage Against the Machine s songs 50 After the group s breakup Morello Wilk and Commerford decided to stay together and find a new vocalist 45 There was talk for a while of us becoming Ozzy Osbourne s backing band and even Macy Gray s said Morello We informed them that losing our singer was actually a blessing in disguise and that we had bigger ambitions than being somebody s hired musicians 45 Music producer and friend Rick Rubin suggested that they play with Chris Cornell of Soundgarden Along with Cornell they formed Audioslave 51 The first Audioslave single Cochise was released in early November 2002 and a self titled debut album followed to mainly positive reviews Compared to Rage Against the Machine most of Audioslave s music was apolitical although some songs touched on political issues Their second album Out of Exile debuted at the number one position on the Billboard charts in 2005 52 Audioslave released its third album Revelations on September 4 2006 but an accompanying tour did not occur as Cornell and Morello were working on solo albums After months of inactivity and rumors of a breakup Audioslave disbanded on February 15 2007 after Cornell announced he was leaving the band 53 Morello began his own solo career in 2003 playing political acoustic folk music at open mic nights and various clubs under the alias the Nightwatchman which he formed as an outlet for his political views while playing apolitical music with Audioslave He first participated in Billy Bragg s Tell Us the Truth tour 54 with no plans to record 55 but later recorded a song for Songs and Artists that Inspired Fahrenheit 9 11 No One Left In February 2007 he announced a solo album entitled One Man Revolution which was released in April 2007 56 Morello followed up his first studio album with The Fabled City which was released on September 30 2008 During the latter days of his career as the Nightwatchman Morello joined up with Boots Riley and formed the rap rock group Street Sweeper Social Club which released its debut self titled album in June 2009 Meanwhile de la Rocha had been working on a solo album collaboration with DJ Shadow Company Flow Roni Size and The Roots Questlove 44 but dropped the project in favor of working with Nine Inch Nails Trent Reznor 57 Recording was completed but the album has not been released 58 A collaboration between de la Rocha and DJ Shadow the song March of Death was released for free online in 2003 in protest against the imminent invasion of Iraq 59 and the 2004 soundtrack Songs and Artists that Inspired Fahrenheit 9 11 included one of the collaborations with Reznor We Want It All 57 In late 2005 de la Rocha was seen singing and playing the jarana huasteca with Son Jarocho band Son de Madera on multiple occasions 60 Rage Against the Machine was ranked 33rd on VH1 s 100 Greatest Artists of Hard Rock list in 2005 9 Members of the band had been offered large sums of money to reunite for concerts and tours and had turned the offers down 61 Rumors of tension between de la Rocha and the other former band members subsequently circulated but Commerford said that he and de la Rocha saw each other often and went surfing together while Morello said he and de la Rocha communicated by phone and had met up at a September 15 2005 protest in support of the South Central Farm 62 2007 2008 First reunion and tours Edit Main article Rage Against the Machine reunion tour Rumors that Rage Against the Machine could reunite at the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival were circulating in mid January 2007 63 and were confirmed on January 22 64 The band was confirmed to be headlining the final day of Coachella 2007 65 The reunion was described by Morello as primarily being a vehicle to voice the band s opposition to the right wing purgatory the United States had slid into under the George W Bush administration since Rage Against the Machine s dissolution 66 Though the performance was initially thought to be a one off 67 this turned out not to be the case On April 14 2007 Morello and de la Rocha reunited onstage early to perform a brief acoustic set at a Coalition of Immokalee Workers rally in downtown Chicago Morello described the event as very exciting for everybody in the room myself included 68 This was followed by the scheduled Coachella performance on Sunday April 29 where the band staged a much anticipated performance in front of an EZLN backdrop to the largest crowds of the festival 69 70 71 Rage Against the Machine performing in 2007 Rage Against the Machine continued to tour in the United States New Zealand Australia and Japan 72 and also played a series of shows in Europe in Summer 2008 including Rock am Ring and Rock im Park Pinkpop Festival T in the Park in Scotland the Hultsfred Festival in Sweden the Reading and Leeds Festivals in England and the Oxegen Festival in Ireland The band also performed on August 2 2008 in Chicago as one of the headliners Radiohead Kanye West and Nine Inch Nails being the other three for the 2008 Lollapalooza Music Festival When asked in May 2007 if the band was planning on writing a new album Morello replied There are no plans to do that That s a whole other ball of wax right there Writing and recording albums is a whole different thing than getting back on the bike laughs you know and playing these songs But I think that the one thing about the Rage catalog is that to me none of it feels dated You know it doesn t feel at all like a nostalgia show It feels like these are songs that were born and bred to be played now 73 Morello declined to comment about the possibility of a new album when interviewed by MTV News in April 2008 74 In July 2008 it was revealed that de la Rocha had begun a new project called One Day as a Lion with drummer Jon Theodore formerly of The Mars Volta with an eponymous EP released on July 22 2008 75 In August 2008 de la Rocha revealed his take on the possibility of new material We re going to keep playing shows we have a couple of big ones happening in front of both conventions As far as us recording music in the future I don t know where we all fit with that We ve all embraced each other s projects and support them and that s great 76 In August 2008 during the Democratic National Convention in Denver Rage headlined the free Tent State Music Festival to End the War The band was supported by Flobots State Radio Jello Biafra and Wayne Kramer 77 Following the concert the band following uniformed veterans from Iraq Veterans Against the War led the 8 000 attendees to the Denver Coliseum on a six mile march to Invesco Field host of the DNC After a four hour stand off with police Obama s campaign agreed to meet with members of Iraq Veterans Against the War and hear their demands 78 In September 2008 Rage performed at the Target Center in Minneapolis during the Republican National Convention The previous day they attempted to play a surprise set at a free anti RNC concert at the Minnesota Capitol in St Paul but were prevented from doing so by the police Instead de la Rocha and Morello rapped and sang through a megaphone Later that evening Morello and Boots Reilly joined up with Billy Bragg and Jim Walsh for a three hour jam session at Pepitos Parkway theater in south Minneapolis In December 2008 Tom Morello revealed that Rage Against the Machine shows in 2009 were a possibility although plans for the band to record a new studio album were very unlikely When asked by Billboard com whether they planned to head to the studio in 2009 Morello stated we ve had a wonderful year and a half of playing shows and I don t see any reason to not play more shows The thing is there s only so many hours in the musical day and mine are very occupied right now 79 Morello elaborated that the Nightwatchman is now my principal musical focus as I see it for the remainder of my life From the earliest days of playing open mic nights at coffee houses it was apparent to me that this music was as important to me as any music I ve ever been involved in It really encapsulates everything I want to do as an artist 79 He repeated this point in an interview with the Los Angeles Times 80 However after the Rage Factor celebratory show in Finsbury Park on June 6 2010 after the campaign to get Killing in the Name to the No 1 spot at Christmas Zack de la Rocha stated that it was a genuine possibility Stating that they may use the momentum from the campaign to get back into the studio and write a follow up record to 2000 s Renegades after 10 years When talking to NME Zack de la Rocha said I think it s a genuine possibility We have to get our heads around what we re going to do towards the end of the year and finish up on some other projects and we ll take it from there 81 2009 2015 UK Killing in the Name Christmas campaign European tour and L A Rising Edit In December 2009 a campaign was launched on Facebook by Jon Morter and his wife Tracy in order to stop most notably The X Factor hits from becoming almost automatic Christmas number ones on the UK Singles Chart It generated nationwide publicity and took the track Killing in the Name to the coveted Christmas number one slot in the UK Singles Chart which had been dominated for four consecutive years from 2005 by winners from the popular TV show The X Factor 82 Before the chart was announced on December 20 2009 the Facebook group membership stood at over 950 000 and was acknowledged and supported by Tom Morello 83 Dave Grohl 84 Paul McCartney 85 Muse Fightstar 86 NME John Lydon 66 Bill Bailey 66 Lenny Henry 66 BBC Radio 1 87 Hadouken 88 the Prodigy 89 Stereophonics 89 BBC Radio 5 Live 90 and even the 2004 X Factor winner Steve Brookstein 91 amongst numerous others On the morning of December 17 Rage Against the Machine played a slightly censored version of Killing in the Name live on Radio 5 Live but four repeats of Fuck you I won t do what you tell me were aired before the song was pulled 92 During the interview before the song they reiterated their support for the campaign and their intentions to support charity with the proceeds The campaign was ultimately successful and Killing in the Name became the number one single in the UK for Christmas 2009 93 94 Zack de la Rocha spoke to BBC One upon hearing the news stating that Performing in 2010 We re very very ecstatic and excited about the song reaching the number one spot We want to thank everyone that participated in this incredible organic grass roots campaign It says more about the spontaneous action taken by young people throughout the UK to topple this very sterile pop monopoly When young people decide to take action they can make what s seemingly impossible possible 94 The band also set a new record achieving the biggest download sales total in a first week ever in the UK charts 94 de la Rocha also promised the band would perform a free concert in the UK sometime in 2010 to celebrate the achievement 94 True to their word the band announced that they would be performing a free concert at Finsbury Park London on June 6 2010 95 The concert dubbed The Rage Factor gave away all the tickets by free photo registration to prevent touting over the weekend of the February 13 14 followed by an online lottery on February 17 This proved to be popular with many users facing connection issues The tickets were all allocated by 13 30 that same day 96 After allowing ticket holders to vote for who they wanted to be the support acts for The Rage Factor it was announced that Gogol Bordello Gallows and Roots Manuva would support Rage Against the Machine at the concert 97 In addition to the free gig at Finsbury Park the band headlined European festivals in June 2010 including the Download Festival at Donington Park England Rock am Ring and Rock im Park in Germany and Rock in Rio Madrid in Spain 98 They also performed in Ireland on June 8 and the Netherlands on June 9 Zack de la Rocha had stated that it was a definite possibility that the band would record a new album the first time since 2000 s Renegades 99 Morter confirmed this stating the discussions he and the band had backstage before the Finsbury Park gig saying the band did write new material but they had no motivation to release them until now de la Rocha mentioned the very strong reaction from the Download Festival 2010 audience as an incentive for releasing new material 100 In addition the band returned to Los Angeles on July 23 2010 for their first U S show in two years and their first hometown show in 10 years 101 The concert benefited Arizona organizations that are fighting the SB1070 immigration law On the night of the show a spokesperson announced to the crowd that ticket sales all of which are non profit to the bands had raised 300 000 The band has been confirmed to do a short South American tour in October performing at venues such as the SWU Festival in Brazil the Maquinaria Festival in Chile and Pepsi Music Festival in Argentina It was the first time the band played in those countries During an interview with the Chilean newspaper La Tercera in October 2010 de la Rocha allegedly confirmed that a new album was in the works with a possibility of a 2011 release De la Rocha is reported as saying We are all bigger and more mature and we do not fall into the problems we faced 10 or 15 years ago This is different and we project a lot we are working on a new album due out next year perhaps summer for the northern hemisphere 102 However in early May 2011 guitarist Tom Morello said that the band was not working on a new album but would not rule out the possibility of future studio work The band is not writing songs the band is not in the studio Morello told The Pulse of Radio We get along famously and we all you know intend to do more Rage Against the Machine stuff in the future but beyond sort of working out a concert this year there s nothing else on the schedule for 2011 95 The band created its own festival the L A Rising As Morello stated the only Rage Against the Machine appearance for 2011 was a performance on July 30 at the L A Rising festival with El Gran Silencio Immortal Technique Lauryn Hill Rise Against and Muse 95 During an interview on July 30 2011 Commerford seemingly contradicted Morello s comments stating that new material was being written and specific plans for the next two years were in place 103 In an October 2012 interview with TMZ bassist Tim Commerford was asked if Rage Against the Machine was working on a new album He simply responded maybe 104 Asked by TMZ again in November 2012 whether a new album was being worked on Commerford replied definitely maybe anything s possible 105 Later that month however Morello denied that they were working on new material and stated that Rage Against the Machine had no plans beyond the reissue of their self titled debut album 106 Morello said he would be open to recording new Rage Against the Machine material but added that it was not on the table right now 107 The band announced on October 9 via their Facebook page that they would be releasing a special 20th anniversary box set to commemorate the group s debut album The full box set contains never before released concert material including the band s 2010 Finsbury Park show and footage from early in their career as well as a digitally remastered version of the album b sides and the original demo tape on disc for the first time 108 109 The band released 3 disc and single disc versions 110 The collection was released on November 27 109 In an April 2014 interview with The Pulse of Radio drummer Brad Wilk indicated that Rage Against the Machine s 2011 performance at L A Rising was their final show 111 In February 2015 Tim Commerford precised that uncertainty was typical of the band s functioning speculating It could be tomorrow it could be 10 years from now 112 On October 16 2015 the 2010 gig in Finsbury Park was released as a DVD and Blu ray called Live at Finsbury Park 2016 2019 Prophets of Rage and Rock amp Roll Hall of Fame Edit In May 2016 the band launched a countdown website prophetsofrage com with a clock counting down to June 1 Accompanying the clock was an image of a broken slash through a circle with silhouettes of five people all extending their arms and clenched fists with the hashtag takethepowerback underneath the timer This led to speculation of the return of the band later in the year However a source close to Rage Against the Machine told Rolling Stone that the Prophets of Rage website had nothing do with the announcement of a Rage specific reunion but added that some of the members of the band were working on a project that would include live shows 113 It was later confirmed that Prophets of Rage were a new supergroup formed by Morello Wilk and Commerford with Chuck D of Public Enemy and B Real of Cypress Hill 114 The band toured through the remainder of 2016 and played the songs of the three bands in which the members of this group participated in before 115 Despite Morello Wilk and Commerford s commitments to Prophets of Rage the latter confirmed in a May 2016 interview with Rolling Stone that Rage Against the Machine had not split up explaining We just do things our own way Throughout our career we never did what anyone wanted us to do We never made the records people wanted us to make We never played by the rules people wanted us to play by And here we are 25 years later still a band Clearly that means something And if we did ever play or make new music or anything it would be a very big deal And there s a lot of bands that I ve seen come along during that 25 year period that did everything the record companies and the powers that be wanted them to do and they sold millions of records But where are they now They re gone 116 Morello added Right now the cold embers of Rage Against the Machine are now the burning fire of Prophets of Rage Where Rage Against the Machine lives is this summer in these songs that we are playing And we have nothing but the greatest love and honor and respect for Zack de la Rocha the brilliant lyricist of Rage Against the Machine who is working on his own music which I m sure will be fantastic he s a great artist in his own right But where you re going to hear Rage Against the Machine is in Prophets of Rage 117 Some of the band s gear on display at the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame after their unsuccessful 2018 nomination for induction In May 2018 Wilk stated that nothing would make him happier than if the band was to reunite but stated It s just really a matter of getting us all on the same page 118 In November 2019 Chuck D and B Real confirmed that Prophets of Rage had disbanded 119 Rage Against the Machine was nominated for induction into the Rock amp Roll Hall of Fame in their first year of eligibility in 2017 as well as in 2018 2019 and 2021 although the bids failed 2 3 4 2019 present Second reunion Edit Main article Public Service Announcement Tour On November 1 2019 it was reported that Rage Against the Machine were reuniting for their first shows in nine years in the spring of 2020 including two appearances at that year s Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival 120 121 122 On November 25 2019 an alleged leaked tour poster made its way online indicating the band would be going on a world tour throughout 2020 This was later debunked by Australian based publication Wall of Sound who broke the news that a concert poster troll photoshopped and released it online as a prank 123 124 On February 10 2020 Rage Against the Machine announced more worldwide dates for the 2020 reunion tour now named the Public Service Announcement Tour 125 126 It was scheduled to run from March 26 through September 12 making it the band s first full length world tour in 20 years after they completed the promotional cycle for their third album The Battle of Los Angeles 125 126 The supporting act on all shows but Chicago would be rap duo Run the Jewels 126 On March 12 2020 the band postponed the first leg of the reunion tour due to the COVID 19 pandemic 127 this tour was eventually postponed to the summer of 2021 128 On May 1 2020 the band announced that they had rescheduled the remaining dates of their reunion tour to 2021 129 They were also due to headline the Reading and Leeds Festivals which would have been Rage Against the Machine s first UK appearance in ten years but it was announced on May 12 2020 that the festival was cancelled 130 Despite having rescheduled all of their tour dates Rage Against the Machine was initially still scheduled to play Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival which had been postponed from April to October 2020 before it was officially cancelled that June 128 131 On April 8 2021 it was announced that the Public Service Announcement Tour had once again been rescheduled to the spring and summer of 2022 132 By June 11 2020 every Rage Against the Machine album had entered the top 30 of Apple Music s Rock Albums chart and their self titled debut album had entered the Billboard Top 200 at number 174 133 The resurgence of interest in the band s music and politics was widely attributed to renewed worldwide Black Lives Matter protests following the murder of George Floyd in Minneapolis by law enforcement 134 135 136 When asked in a September 2020 interview with Yahoo Entertainment if Rage Against the Machine were going to release new material Morello stated with a laugh I promise you if there is ever any Rage Against the Machine recording news our representatives will reach out to you 137 On July 9 2022 Rage Against the Machine played their first concert in 11 years at Alpine Valley Music Theatre in East Troy Wisconsin 138 On August 11 2022 the band announced they had canceled the UK and European leg of their tour due to a leg injury de la Rocha sustained during a show on July 11 2022 in Chicago IL 139 described by Glen E Friedman as an Achilles tendon rupture 140 On October 4 2022 the band further announced they had canceled the remaining shows on the 2023 North American leg of the tour due to the severity of de la Rocha s injury 141 Musical style and influences Edit De La Rocha and Morello performing in 2007 Inspired from early heavy metal instrumentation Rage Against the Machine has been influenced by a variety of music including acts like Led Zeppelin Bob Dylan U2 the Red Hot Chili Peppers Iron Maiden Kiss Black Sabbath Ozzy Osbourne the Police Devo Living Colour Queen the Brothers Johnson and Wayne Shorter 142 143 They are also said to be influenced by hip hop acts such as Afrika Bambaataa 33 Run DMC Public Enemy and the Beastie Boys punk rock such as the Clash Minor Threat the Teen Idles 142 Bad Brains the Dead Kennedys Black Flag 144 the Sex Pistols 142 Fugazi 145 and Bad Religion 142 and crossover bands like Suicidal Tendencies 146 and Urban Dance Squad 147 Rage Against the Machine has been noted for its fiercely polemical music which brewed sloganeering leftist rants against corporate America cultural imperialism and government oppression into a Molotov cocktail of punk rock hip hop and thrash 33 Zack de la Rocha s lyrics and choruses are defined by a heavy use of sloganeering and repetition on songs like Bulls on Parade Guerrilla Radio Testify and Down Rodeo Guitarist Tom Morello on the other hand was considered the guitar player but also the DJ in Rage 148 Rage Against the Machine has been described as rap metal rap rock funk metal fusion alternative metal hard rock nu metal heavy metal and alternative rock note 1 Although the band has been described as nu metal Rage Against the Machine is often instead considered a predecessor to nu metal 183 184 185 Political views and activism EditMain article Political views and activism of Rage Against the Machine Rage performing in front of the flag of the Zapatista Army of National Liberation The members of Rage Against the Machine are well known for their leftist anti authoritarian and revolutionary political views and almost all of the band s songs focus on these views Key to the band s identity Rage Against the Machine has voiced viewpoints highly critical of the domestic and foreign policies of current and previous U S governments Throughout its existence Rage Against the Machine and its individual members participated in political protests and other activism to advocate these beliefs The band sees its music as a vehicle for social activism De la Rocha explained I m interested in spreading those ideas through art because music has the power to cross borders to break military sieges and to establish real dialogue 186 Morello said of wage slavery in America America touts itself as the land of the free but the number one freedom that you and I have is the freedom to enter into a subservient role in the workplace Once you exercise this freedom you ve lost all control over what you do what is produced and how it is produced And in the end the product doesn t belong to you The only way you can avoid bosses and jobs is if you don t care about making a living Which leads to the second freedom the freedom to starve 187 Some critics have accused the group of hypocrisy for voicing commitment to leftist causes while being millionaires signed to Epic Records a subsidiary of media conglomerate Sony Music 188 Infectious Grooves released a song called Do What I Tell Ya which mocks lyrics from Killing in the Name accusing the band of being hypocrites 189 190 In response to such critiques Morello stated When you live in a capitalistic society the currency of the dissemination of information goes through capitalistic channels Would Noam Chomsky object to his works being sold at Barnes amp Noble No because that s where people buy their books We re not interested in preaching to just the converted It s great to play abandoned squats run by anarchists but it s also great to be able to reach people with a revolutionary message people from Granada Hills to Stuttgart 14 De la Rocha stated Yeah to get as many people as possible to join the political debate to get the dialogue going I was wondering today why would anyone climb to the roof of the American Embassy with a banner that says Free Mumia Abu Jamal why do you do that That s to get the international press attention The international network that Sony has available is to me the perfect tool you know it can get even more people to join a revolutionary awareness and fight 191 For their 2020 reunion tour the band announced all profits from their first three shows in El Paso Texas Las Cruces New Mexico and Glendale Arizona would be donated to immigrant rights organizations in the US For subsequent shows 10 of the base ticket price and 100 of proceeds after fees and base ticket price were reserved for charities local to each city they were performing in 192 193 On June 24 2022 the band announced that they would donate 475 000 to reproductive rights groups in Wisconsin and Illinois after the Supreme Court s ruling to overturn Roe v Wade 194 During their July 9 concert in Wisconsin the band further expressed opposition to the overturning of Roe v Wade using screened images of text including Abort the Supreme Court and Forced birth in a country where Black birth givers experience maternal mortality two to three times higher than that of white birth givers Forced birth in a country where gun violence is the number one cause of death among children and teenagers 195 Members EditZack de la Rocha lead vocals Tom Morello guitars Tim Commerford bass backing vocals Brad Wilk drums percussionDiscography EditMain article Rage Against the Machine discography Studio albums Rage Against the Machine 1992 Evil Empire 1996 The Battle of Los Angeles 1999 Renegades 2000 Awards and nominations EditRage Against the Machine has won two Grammy Awards with six nominations altogether 196 During 2008 the band was also inducted into the Kerrang Hall of Fame As well during 2010 Rage Against the Machine were bestowed with NME s Heroes of the Year Award 197 198 The band has also received three nominations from the MTV Video Music Awards but has yet to win an award 199 200 201 Rage Against The Machine have been nominated for the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2018 2019 and 2021 202 In 2021 the UK Official Charts Company announced that Killing in the Name had been named as the UK s Favourite Christmas Number 1 of All Time 203 in a poll commissioned to celebrate the 70th Official Christmas Number 1 race and as a tie in with the book The Official Christmas No 1 Singles Book by Michael Mulligan 204 205 Grammy Awards Year Nominee work Award Result1997 Tire Me Best Metal Performance 206 Won Bulls on Parade Best Hard Rock Performance 206 207 Nominated1998 People of the Sun Nominated1999 No Shelter Best Metal Performance 196 Nominated2001 Guerrilla Radio Best Hard Rock Performance 196 WonThe Battle of Los Angeles Best Rock Album 196 Nominated2002 Renegades of Funk Best Hard Rock Performance 196 NominatedMTV Video Music Awards Year Nominee work Award Result1996 Bulls on Parade Best Rock Video 199 200 201 Nominated1997 People of the Sun Nominated2000 Sleep Now in the Fire NominatedNME Awards Year Nominee work Award Result2010 Rage Against the Machine Heroes of the Year 198 WonKerrang Awards Year Nominee work Award Result2008 Rage Against the Machine Hall of Fame 197 WonClassic Rock Roll of Honour Awards Year Nominee work Award Result2010 Rage Against the Machine Band of the Year 208 NominatedChristmas Number One and Free Concert Event of the Year 209 WonRock and Roll Hall of Fame Year Nominee work Award Result2019 Rage Against the Machine Rock and Roll Hall of Fame 210 NominatedNotes Edit Musical 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Rage Against The Machine win Hero Of The Year Shockwaves NME award NME Retrieved June 16 2018 a b 1996 MTV Video Music Awards Retrieved June 16 2018 a b Beck Jamiroquai Lead Video Music Awards Nominees MTV July 22 2018 Retrieved June 16 2018 a b Herman Maureen September 8 2000 Rage Against the Machine Explain Bassist s Actions Rollingstone Retrieved June 16 2018 Who are the next Rock amp Roll Hall of Famers Future Rock Legends UK s favourite Christmas No 1 of all time revealed OfficialCharts com Official Charts Company Nine Eight Books ISBN 9781788705851 The British obsession with the Christmas number one single SuperDeluxeEdition a b Campbell Mary January 8 1997 Babyface is up for 12 Grammy awards Milwaukee Journal Sentinel p 8B Archived from the original on July 12 2012 Retrieved June 16 2018 Campbell Mary January 7 1998 Grammys dual Dylans Milwaukee Journal Sentinel Journal Communications p 8B Retrieved June 16 2018 AC DC up for Classic Rock award BBC August 13 2010 Retrieved June 16 2018 Michaels Sean February 12 2010 Rage Against the Machine announce free London concert The Guardian Retrieved September 23 2019 The Rock amp Roll Hall of Fame Announces Nominees for 2019 Induction Rock amp Roll Hall of Fame October 9 2018 Retrieved October 15 2019 Further reading EditDevenish Colin 2001 Rage Against the Machine New York St Martin s Griffin ISBN 0 312 27326 6 Stenning Paul 2008 Rage Against the Machine Stage Fighters New York Independent Music Press ISBN 978 1 906191 07 8 Anti Capitalist Critique and Travelling poetry in the Works of Lorna Dee Cervantes and Rage Against the Machine Alexander Donna MariaExternal links Edit Wikiquote has quotations related to Rage Against the Machine Rage Against the Machine at Wikipedia s sister projects Media from Commons Data from Wikidata Official website Rage Against the Machine discography at Discogs Rage Against the Machine at Curlie Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Rage Against the Machine amp oldid 1150081007, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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