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Red Hot Chili Peppers

January 14, 2023

This article is about the band. For their self-titled debut album, see The Red Hot Chili Peppers (album).

Red Hot Chili Peppers are an American rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1983, comprising vocalist Anthony Kiedis, bassist Flea, drummer Chad Smith, and guitarist John Frusciante. Their music incorporates elements of alternative rock, funk, punk rock, hard rock, hip hop, and psychedelic rock. Their eclectic range has influenced genres such as funk metal,[1] rap metal,[2] rap rock,[3] and nu metal.[4][2] With over 120 million records sold worldwide, Red Hot Chili Peppers are one of the best-selling bands of all time.[5] They hold the records for most number-one singles (14), most cumulative weeks at number one (85) and most top-ten songs (25) on the Billboard Alternative Songs chart.[6] They have won six Grammy Awards, were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2012, and in 2022 received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.

Red Hot Chili Peppers
The band playing live in London in 2022. From left: Flea, Anthony Kiedis, Chad Smith, John Frusciante
Background information
OriginLos Angeles, California, U.S.
Genres
Years active1983 (1983)–present
Labels
Members
Past members
Websiteredhotchilipeppers.com

Red Hot Chili Peppers were formed in Los Angeles by Kiedis, Flea, guitarist Hillel Slovak and drummer Jack Irons. Due to commitments to other bands, Slovak and Irons did not play on the band's 1984 self-titled debut album, which instead featured guitarist Jack Sherman and drummer Cliff Martinez. Slovak rejoined for their second album, Freaky Styley (1985), and Irons for their third, The Uplift Mofo Party Plan (1987). Irons left after Slovak died of a drug overdose in June 1988.

With new recruits Frusciante and Smith, Red Hot Chili Peppers recorded Mother's Milk (1989) and their first major commercial success, Blood Sugar Sex Magik (1991). Frusciante was uncomfortable with their newfound popularity and left abruptly on tour in 1992. After a series of temporary guitarists, he was replaced by Dave Navarro, who appeared on the group's sixth album, One Hot Minute (1995). Although successful, the album failed to match the critical or popular acclaim of Blood Sugar Sex Magik. Frusciante and Kiedis struggled with drug addiction throughout the 1990s.

In 1998, following Navarro's departure, Frusciante rejoined the band. Their seventh album, Californication (1999), became their biggest commercial success, with 16 million copies sold worldwide. By the Way (2002) and Stadium Arcadium (2006) were also successful; Stadium Arcadium was their first album to reach number one on the Billboard 200 chart. Frusciante left again in 2009 to focus on his solo career; he was replaced by Josh Klinghoffer, who appeared on I'm with You (2011) and The Getaway (2016), before Frusciante rejoined in 2019. They released their 12th and 13th albums, Unlimited Love and Return of the Dream Canteen, in 2022.[7]

History

1983–1984: Early history

 
Founding guitarist Hillel Slovak performing in Philadelphia in 1985. Slovak died from a drug overdose in 1988.

The Red Hot Chili Peppers were formed in Los Angeles by singer Anthony Kiedis, guitarist Hillel Slovak, bassist Flea, and drummer Jack Irons, classmates at Fairfax High School.[8] Their early names included Tony Flow and the Miraculously Majestic Masters of Mayhem, and their first performance was at the Rhythm Lounge club to a crowd of approximately 30, opening for Gary and Neighbor's Voices.[9] Inspired by punk funk acts like Contortions and Defunkt, they improvised music while Kiedis rapped.[10] The new sound introduced by the Red Hot Chili Peppers caught the attention of established acts such as the Circle Jerks, with two members declaring in a 1983 interview that the Red Hot Chili Peppers were their "favorite" band, describing the new sound as "white boy funk. . . They're rap, white rap, rocknroll rap. Fuckin great!"[11]

At the time, Slovak and Irons were already committed to another group, What Is This?; however, the new band was asked to return the following week.[9] They changed their name to the Red Hot Chili Peppers, playing several shows at LA venues. Six songs from these shows were on the band's first demo tape.[12] In November 1983, manager Lindy Goetz struck a seven-album deal with EMI America and Enigma Records. Two weeks earlier, however, What Is This? had also obtained a record deal with MCA, and in December Slovak and Irons quit the Red Hot Chili Peppers to focus on What Is This?.[13] Flea and Kiedis recruited Weirdos drummer Cliff Martinez and guitarist Jack Sherman.[14]

The band released their debut album, The Red Hot Chili Peppers, in August 1984. Airplay on college radio and MTV helped build a fan base,[15] and the album sold 300,000 copies. Gang of Four guitarist Andy Gill, who produced the album, pushed the band to play with a cleaner, more radio-friendly sound,[16] and the band was disappointed with the result, finding it over-polished.[17] The album included backing vocals by Gwen Dickey, the singer for the 1970s disco funk group Rose Royce.[18] The band embarked on a gruelling tour, performing 60 shows in 64 days. During the tour, continuing musical and lifestyle tension between Kiedis and Sherman complicated the transition between concert and daily band life.[19] Sherman was fired in February 1985.[20] Slovak, who had just quit What Is This?, rejoined in early 1985.[21]

1985–1988: Building a following, drug abuse, and death of Slovak

 
Vocalist Anthony Kiedis and bassist Flea (pictured in August 1989) have remained with the Red Hot Chili Peppers through the band's history.

The second Chili Peppers album, Freaky Styley (1985), was produced by funk musician George Clinton, who introduced elements of punk and funk into the band's repertoire.[22] The album featured Maceo Parker and Fred Wesley. The band used heroin while recording the album, which influenced the lyrics and music.[23] The band had a much better relationship with Clinton than with Gill,[24] but Freaky Styley, released on August 16, 1985, also achieved little success, failing to make an impression on any chart. The band also considered the subsequent tour unproductive.[25][26][27] Despite the lack of success, the band was satisfied with Freaky Styley; Kiedis reflected that "it so surpassed anything we thought we could have done that we were thinking we were on the road to enormity."[28] Around this time, the band appeared in the 1986 films Thrashin', playing the song "Blackeyed Blonde" from Freaky Styley, and Tough Guys, performing "Set It Straight".[29][unreliable source?]

In early 1986, EMI gave the Chili Peppers $5,000 to record a demo tape for their next album. They chose to work with producer Keith Levene from PIL, as he shared their interest in drugs.[30] Levene and Slovak put aside $2,000 of the budget to spend on heroin and cocaine, which created tension between the band members. Martinez's "heart was no longer in the band", but he did not quit, so Kiedis and Flea fired him in April 1986.[31] Irons rejoined the band, to their surprise; it marked the first time all four founding members were together since 1983. During the recording and subsequent tour of Freaky Styley, Kiedis and Slovak were dealing with debilitating heroin addictions. Due to his addiction, Kiedis "didn't have the same drive or desire to come up with ideas or lyrics" and appeared at rehearsal "literally asleep".[32]

For their third album, the Chili Peppers attempted to hire Rick Rubin to produce, but he declined due to the band's increasing drug problems. They eventually hired Michael Beinhorn from the art funk project Material, their last choice.[33] The early attempts at recording were halted due to Kiedis's worsening drug problems, and Kiedis was briefly fired.[34] After the band were named "band of the year" by LA Weekly, Kiedis entered drug rehabilitation.[35] The band auditioned new singers,[36] but Kiedis, now sober, rejoined the recording sessions with new enthusiasm.[37] Songs formed quickly, blending the funk feel and rhythms of Freaky Styley with a harder, more immediate approach to punk rock. The album was recorded in the basement of the Capitol Records Building.[38] The recording process was difficult; Kiedis would frequently disappear to seek drugs.[39] After fifty days of sobriety, Kiedis decided to take drugs again to celebrate his new music.[38]

The third Red Hot Chili Peppers album, The Uplift Mofo Party Plan, was released in September 1987 and peaked at No. 148 on the Billboard 200 chart,[40] a significant improvement over their earlier albums. The band immediately embarked on a two and a half month North American tour to promote the release, accompanied by Faith No More as support who were also promoting their new album Introduce Yourself.[41][42] During this period, however, Kiedis and Slovak had both developed serious drug addictions,[43] often disappearing for days on end. Slovak died from a heroin overdose on June 25, 1988, soon after the conclusion of the Uplift tour.[44] Kiedis fled the city and did not attend Slovak's funeral.[45] Irons, troubled by the death, left the band; following years of depression, he became a member of the Seattle grunge band Pearl Jam in 1994.[46]

1988–1989: Frusciante and Smith join

 
Chad Smith (pictured in 2019) has been the Red Hot Chili Peppers drummer since 1988.

DeWayne "Blackbyrd" McKnight, a former member of Parliament-Funkadelic, joined as guitarist, and D. H. Peligro of Dead Kennedys joined as drummer.[when?] Kiedis re-entered rehab for 30 days, and visited Slovak's grave as part of his rehabilitation, finally confronting his grief. Three dates into the tour, McKnight was fired for lack of chemistry with the band.[47] McKnight was so unhappy he threatened to burn down Kiedis's house.[48]

Peligro introduced Kiedis and Flea to teenage guitarist and Chili Peppers fan John Frusciante,[49] who brought a darker, more melodic rock style to the band.[50] Frusciante performed his first show with the Chili Peppers in September 1988. The new lineup began writing for the next album and went on a short tour, the Turd Town Tour. In November, Kiedis and Flea fired Peligro due to his drug and alcohol problems.[citation needed] Following open auditions, they hired drummer Chad Smith in December 1988, who has remained since.[51] According to Smith, "We started playing, and right away we just hit it off musically."[52]

The Chili Peppers began work on their fourth album in 1989.[53] Unlike the stop-start sessions for The Uplift Mofo Party Plan, preproduction went smoothly. However, the sessions were made tense by Beinhorn's desire to create a hit, frustrating Frusciante and Kiedis.[54] Released on August 16, 1989, Mother's Milk peaked at number 52 on the U.S. Billboard 200.[40] The record failed to chart in the United Kingdom and Europe, but climbed to number 33 in Australia.[55] "Knock Me Down" reached number six on the U.S. Modern Rock Tracks, whereas "Higher Ground" charted at number eleven[56] and reached number 54 in the UK and 45 in Australia and France.[57][58] Mother's Milk was certified gold in March 1990 and was the first Chili Peppers album to ship over 500,000 units.[59]

1990–1993: Blood Sugar Sex Magik, fame, and Frusciante's first departure

Main article: Blood Sugar Sex Magik
 
Rick Rubin has produced several Red Hot Chili Peppers albums.

In 1990, after the success of Mother's Milk, the Chili Peppers left EMI and entered a major-label bidding war. They signed with Warner Bros. Records and hired producer Rick Rubin. Rubin had turned the band down in 1987 because of their drug problems but felt they were now healthier and more focused. He would go on to produce five more of their albums. The writing process was more productive than it had been for Mother's Milk, with Kiedis saying, "[every day], there was new music for me to lyricize".[60] At Rubin's suggestion, they recorded in the Mansion, a studio in a house where magician Harry Houdini once lived.[61]

In September 1991, Blood Sugar Sex Magik was released. "Give It Away" was the first single; it became one of the band's best known songs, and in 1992 won a Grammy Award for "Best Hard Rock Performance With Vocal". It became the band's first number-one single on the Modern Rock chart.[56][62] The ballad "Under the Bridge" was released as a second single, and reached number two on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, the band's highest position to date.[56]

Blood Sugar Sex Magik sold over 12 million copies.[63] It was listed at number 310 on Rolling Stone's list of 500 Greatest Albums of All Time, and in 1992 it rose to number three on the US album charts, almost a year after its release. The album was accompanied by a documentary, Funky Monks.[64] The band began their Blood Sugar Sex Magik tour, which featured Nirvana, Pearl Jam and Smashing Pumpkins, three of the era's biggest upcoming bands in alternative music, as opening acts.[65]

Frusciante was troubled by fame, and began falling out with Kiedis. He isolated himself and developed a secret heroin addiction. In an appearance on Saturday Night Live, he performed off-key; Kiedis believed he wanted to sabotage the performance.[50] Frusciante abruptly quit after a show in Tokyo in May 1992.[50] He returned to Los Angeles and spent years living in squalor, struggling with addiction.[50]

The Chili Peppers contacted guitarist Dave Navarro, who had just split from Jane's Addiction, but Navarro was involved in his own drug problems. After failed auditions with Zander Schloss, Arik Marshall of Los Angeles band Marshall Law was hired, and the Chili Peppers headlined the Lollapalooza festival in 1992.[citation needed] Marshall also appeared in the music videos for "Breaking the Girl" and "If You Have to Ask", as well as the Simpsons episode "Krusty Gets Kancelled".[66][unreliable source?] In September 1992, the Chili Peppers performed "Give It Away" at the MTV Video Music Awards. They were nominated for seven awards, winning three, including Viewer's Choice. In February 1993, they performed "Give It Away" at the Grammy Awards, and the song won the band their first Grammy later that evening.[67]

The Chili Peppers dismissed Marshall as he was too busy to attend rehearsals.[citation needed] They held auditions for new guitarists, including Buckethead, whom Flea felt was not right for the band.[68] Guitarist Jesse Tobias of the Los Angeles band Mother Tongue was briefly hired, but dismissed due to poor chemistry.[69] However, Navarro said he was now ready to join the band.[70] In August 1993, the non-album single "Soul to Squeeze" was released and featured on the soundtrack to the film Coneheads.[71] The song topped the Billboard US Modern Rock chart.[72]

1994–1997: One Hot Minute and Dave Navarro

Main article: One Hot Minute
 
Dave Navarro (pictured in 2009) replaced Jesse Tobias as guitarist in 1993. He left in 1998.

Navarro first appeared with the band at Woodstock '94, performing early versions of new songs. This was followed by a brief tour, including headlining appearances at Pukkelpop and Reading Festivals as well as two performances as the opening act for the Rolling Stones.[73] The relationship between Navarro and the band began to deteriorate;[74] Navarro admitted he did not care for funk music or jamming. Kiedis had relapsed into heroin addiction following a dental procedure in which an addictive sedative, Valium, was used, though the band did not discover this until later.[75]

Without Frusciante, songs were written at a far slower rate.[75] Kiedis said: "John had been a true anomaly when it came to songwriting ... I just figured that was how all guitar players were, that you showed them your lyrics and sang a little bit and the next thing you knew you had a song. That didn't happen right off the bat with Dave."[75] With Kiedis often absent from recording due to his drug problems, Flea took a larger role in the writing process, and sang lead on his song, "Pea".[citation needed]

One Hot Minute was released in September 1995 after several delays. It departed from the band's previous sound, with Navarro's guitar work incorporating heavy metal riffs and psychedelic rock.[76] The band described the album as a darker, sadder record.[77] Kiedis's lyrics addressed drugs, including the lead single, "Warped", and broken relationships and deaths of loved ones, including "Tearjerker", written about Kurt Cobain. Despite mixed reviews, the album sold eight million copies worldwide[78] and produced the band's third number-one single, "My Friends".[citation needed] The band also contributed to soundtracks including Working Class Hero: A Tribute to John Lennon and Beavis and Butt-Head Do America,[citation needed] and Flea and Navarro contributed to Alanis Morissette's single "You Oughta Know".[79]

The Chili Peppers began the tour for One Hot Minute in Europe in 1995. The US tour was postponed after Smith broke his wrist. In 1997, several shows were cancelled following deteriorating band relations, injuries, and Navarro and Kiedis's drug use. The band played three shows that year, including the first Fuji Rock Festival in Japan.[80] In April 1998, the Chili Peppers announced that Navarro had left due to creative differences. Kiedis said the decision was mutual.[81] Reports at the time indicated that Navarro's departure came after he attended a band practice under the influence of drugs.[78]

1998–2001: Return of Frusciante and Californication

Main article: Californication (album)
 
The band regained commercial success after guitarist John Frusciante (pictured in 2006) rejoined them in 1998. He left again in 2009, and rejoined in 2019.

With no guitarist, the Red Hot Chili Peppers were on the verge of breaking up.[82] In the years following Frusciante's departure, his heroin addiction had left him in poverty and near death.[83] Flea convinced Frusciante to enter Las Encinas Drug Rehabilitation Center in January 1998.[84][85] His addiction left him with scarring on his arms, a restructured nose, and dental implants following an oral infection.[86][87] In April 1998, Flea visited the recovered Frusciante and asked him to rejoin the band. Frusciante began sobbing and said nothing would make him happier.[88][89]

 
Red Hot Chili Peppers logo

In June 1999, after more than a year of production, the Red Hot Chili Peppers released Californication, their seventh studio album. It sold over 16 million copies, and remains their most successful album.[90] Californication contained fewer rap songs than its predecessors, instead integrating textured and melodic guitar riffs, vocals and basslines.[91] It produced three number-one modern rock hits, "Scar Tissue", "Otherside" and "Californication".[56] Californication received stronger reviews than One Hot Minute, and was a greater success worldwide.[91] While many critics credited the success of the album to Frusciante's return, they also felt Kiedis's vocals had also improved.[92] It was later listed at number 399 on the Rolling Stone magazine list of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time.[citation needed]

Californication was supported with a two-year international world tour, producing the first Chili Peppers concert DVD, Off the Map (2001).[93] In July 1999, the Chili Peppers played the closing show at Woodstock 1999.[8][94] During the set, a small fire escalated into violence and vandalism, resulting in the intervention of riot control squads.[95] ATMs and several semi-tractor trailers were looted and destroyed.[96][97] The band was blamed in the media for inciting the riots after performing a cover of the Jimi Hendrix song "Fire". In his memoir, Kiedis wrote: "It was clear that this situation had nothing to do with Woodstock anymore. It wasn't symbolic of peace and love, but of greed and cashing in."[98]

2001–2004: By the Way

Main article: By the Way

The Chili Peppers began writing their next album in early 2001, immediately following the Californication tour.[99] Frusciante and Kiedis would collaborate for days straight, discussing and sharing guitar progressions and lyrics.[100] For Kiedis, "writing By the Way ... was a whole different experience from Californication. John was back to himself and brimming with confidence."[99] The recording was difficult for Flea, who felt his role was being diminished[101] and fought with Frusciante about the musical direction.[101] Flea considered quitting the band after the album, but the two worked out their problems.[102]

By the Way was released in July 2002 and produced four singles; "By the Way", "The Zephyr Song", "Can't Stop" and "Universally Speaking". The album was their most subdued to date, focusing on melodic ballads over rap and funk, with layered textures, more keyboards, and string arrangements.[103] The album was followed by an eighteen-month world tour,[104] a concert DVD, Live at Slane Castle, and the band's first live album, Red Hot Chili Peppers Live in Hyde Park.[105] More than 258,000 fans paid over $17,100,000 for tickets over three nights, a 2004 record; the event ranked No. 1 on Billboard's Top Concert Boxscores of 2004.[106] In November 2003, the Chili Peppers released their Greatest Hits album, which featured new songs "Fortune Faded" and "Save the Population".[107]

2005–2007: Stadium Arcadium

Main article: Stadium Arcadium

In 2006, the Chili Peppers released their ninth album, Stadium Arcadium. Although they initially planned to release a trilogy of albums,[108] they chose to release a 28-track double album. It was their first album to debut at number one on the US charts, where it stayed for two weeks, and debuted at number one in the UK and 25 other countries. Stadium Arcadium sold over seven million units.[109] It won five Grammys: Best Rock Album, Best Rock Song ("Dani California"), Best Rock Performance by a Duo Or Group With Vocal ("Dani California"), Best Boxed Or Special Limited Edition Package, and Best Producer (Rick Rubin).[62]

 
Red Hot Chili Peppers performing at the Pinkpop Festival in 2006

The first single, "Dani California", was the band's fastest-selling single, debuting on top of the Modern Rock chart in the U.S., peaking at number six on the Billboard Hot 100, and reaching number 2 in the UK. "Tell Me Baby", released next, also topped the charts in 2006. "Snow (Hey Oh)" was released in late 2006, breaking multiple records by 2007. The song became their eleventh number-one single, giving the band a cumulative total of 81 weeks at number one. It was also the first time three consecutive singles by the band made it to number one. "Desecration Smile" was released internationally in February 2007 and reached number 27 on the UK charts. "Hump de Bump" was planned to be the next single for the US, Canada, and Australia only, but due to positive feedback from the music video, it was released as a worldwide single in May 2007.[citation needed]

The Stadium Arcadium World Tour began in 2006, including several festival dates. Frusciante's friend and frequent musical collaborator Josh Klinghoffer joined the touring band, contributing guitar, backing vocals, and keyboards. The band was the musical guest for Saturday Night Live, which aired in May 2006 with featured host Tom Hanks.[110][unreliable source?]

2008–2009: Klinghoffer replaces Frusciante

 
Josh Klinghoffer (pictured in 2016) was the backup touring guitarist in 2007. He replaced John Frusciante in 2009, until Frusciante's return in 2019.

Following the Stadium Arcadium tour, the Chili Peppers took an extended break. Kiedis attributed this to the band being worn out from their years of nonstop work since Californication . Their only recording during this time was in 2008 with George Clinton on his album George Clinton and His Gangsters of Love; accompanied by Kim Manning, they recorded a new version of Shirley and Lee's classic "Let the Good Times Roll".[111]

Kiedis, who had recently become a father, planned to spend the time taking care of his son and developing a television series based on his autobiography, Spider and Son.[112] Flea began taking music theory classes at the University of Southern California, and revealed plans to release a mainly instrumental solo record; guest musicians included Patti Smith and a choir from the Silverlake Conservatory.[113] He also joined Thom Yorke in the supergroup Atoms for Peace.[114] Frusciante released his album The Empyrean.[115] Smith worked with Sammy Hagar, Joe Satriani, and Michael Anthony in the supergroup Chickenfoot, as well as on his solo project, Chad Smith's Bombastic Meatbats.[116]

In July 2009, Frusciante again left the Chili Peppers, though no announcement was made until December.[117] Frusciante explained on his Myspace page that there was no ill feeling about his departure this time, and that he wanted to focus on his solo work.[118] In October 2009, the Chili Peppers entered the studio to begin writing their tenth studio album, with Klinghoffer replacing Frusciante.[117] In January 2010, the Chili Peppers made their live comeback in January 2010, paying tribute to Neil Young with a cover of "A Man Needs a Maid" at MusiCares. In February, after months of speculation, Klinghoffer was confirmed as Frusciante's replacement.[119]

2011–2014: I'm with You

Main article: I'm with You (album)

Red Hot Chili Peppers recorded their tenth album, I'm with You, between September 2010 and March 2011. They decided against releasing another double album, reducing the album to 14 tracks.[120] I'm with You was released in the US in August 2011. It topped the charts in 18 countries, and received mostly positive reviews. "The Adventures of Rain Dance Maggie", became the band's 12th number-one single.[121][122] "Monarchy of Roses", "Look Around" and "Did I Let You Know" (released only in Brazil), and "Brendan's Death Song" were also released as singles.[123]

 
A 2012 promotional image of the Red Hot Chili Peppers

In July 2011, the Chili Peppers played three invitation-only warm-up shows in California, their first since 2007.[124][125] They began a month-long promotional tour in August 2011, starting in Asia. The I'm with You World Tour ran from September 2011 until 2013. The North American leg, expected to begin in January 2012, was postponed to March due to a surgery Kiedis required for foot injuries he had sustained during the Stadium Arcadium tour. Following the I'm with You World Tour, the band set out on another small tour, including their first shows in Alaska, Paraguay, the Philippines and Puerto Rico.[citation needed] Recordings from the tours were released in 2012 on the free 2011 Live EP.[citation needed]

 
Flea and Smith at Rock in Rio Madrid 2012

The Chili Peppers were nominated for two MTV Europe Music Awards for Best Rock Band and Best Live Artist[126] and nominated for Best Group at the 2012 People's Choice Awards[127] I'm with You was also nominated for a 2012 Grammy Award for Best Rock Album.[128] In April 2012, the Chili Peppers were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. May saw the release of the download-only Rock & Roll Hall of Fame Covers EP, comprising previously released studio and live covers of artists that had influenced the band. From August 2012, the band began releasing a series of singles as the I'm with You Sessions, which were compiled on the I'm Beside You LP in November 2013 as a Record Store Day exclusive.[129]

In February 2014, the Chili Peppers joined Bruno Mars as performers at the Super Bowl XLVIII half-time show, watched by a record 115.3 million viewers. The performance was met with mixed reviews for its use of backing music; Flea responded that it was an NFL rule for bands to pre-record music due to time and technical issues, and that they had agreed because it was a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity. He said Kiedis's vocals were completely live and the band had recorded "Give it Away" during rehearsals.[130] The band began another tour in May 2013, which ended in June 2014. 2012-13 Live EP was released in July 2014 through their website as a free download.[citation needed]

2015–2018: The Getaway

Main article: The Getaway (Red Hot Chili Peppers album)

The Chili Peppers released Fandemonium in November 2014, a book dedicated to their fans.[131] That December, they began work on their eleventh album, their first without producer Rick Rubin since 1989;[132] it was instead produced by Danger Mouse.[133] Flea broke his arm during a skiing trip, which delayed the recording for several months.[134] "Dark Necessities", the first single from their upcoming album, was released on May 5. Their eleventh album, The Getaway, was released in June.[135] Kiedis said the songs were influenced by a two-year relationship that fell apart.[136] "Dark Necessities" became the band's 25th top-ten single on the Billboard Alternative Songs chart, a record they hold over U2.[137] In February 2016, "Circle of the Noose", an unreleased song recorded with Navarro in 1998, was leaked.[138]

 
The Red Hot Chili Peppers performing at Rock am Ring in 2016

In May, the band released "The Getaway".[139] The music video for "Dark Necessities", directed by actress Olivia Wilde, was released in June 2016.[140] The Getaway made its debut at number 2 on the Billboard 200 chart, behind Drake, who had the number-one album for eight consecutive weeks. The Getaway outsold Drake its opening week with album sales of 108,000 to 33,000 (actually placing him at 4th in sales for the week) though due to album streaming, Drake managed to top the band for the top position in the charts.[141][142] In July 2016, the Live In Paris EP was released exclusively through the music streaming website Deezer. "Go Robot" was announced as the second single from The Getaway. In the same month, the band members started to post images from the set of the music video.[143] The Getaway was reissued on limited edition pink vinyl in September, as part of 10 Bands 1 Cause. All money from sales of the re-issue went to Gilda's Club NYC an organization that provides community support for both those diagnosed with cancer and their caretakers. It is named after comedian Gilda Radner.[144]

The band began the headlining portion of the Getaway World Tour in September with the North American leg, featuring Jack Irons, the band's original drummer, as an opening act, beginning in January 2017.[145] Dave Rat, the band's sound engineer since 1991, announced that following the show of January 22, 2017, he would no longer be working with the band.[146]

The Getaway World Tour concluded in October 2017. The tour consisted of 151 shows lasting a year and almost five months.[147] In December, the band headlined the Band Together 2 Benefit Concert at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium in San Francisco. Money raised from the concert went to the Tipping Point Emergency Relief Fund which between 2005 and 2017 raised $150 million to educate, employ, house and support those in need in the Bay Area.[148]

2019–2021: Frusciante returns

The recording of the next Chili Peppers album was delayed due to the Woolsey Fire; the band performed a benefit show for fire victims on January 13, 2019.[149] In February, they performed "Dark Necessities" with rapper Post Malone at the 61st Annual Grammy Awards.[150][151] They appeared in Malone's music video for "Wow", released in March.[152]

 
Red Hot Chili Peppers performing at the Ohana Music Festival in September 2019, three months before Klinghoffer was replaced by Frusciante

In February 2019, the Chili Peppers began a month-long tour, featuring their first headlining shows in Australia in 12 years,[153] including their first show in Tasmania, which was briefly halted due to a power outage.[154] On March 15, they performed in Egypt, becoming one of the few acts allowed to perform at the Pyramids of Giza.[155] The performance was livestreamed.[156] On October 26, the photographer David Mushegain announced that a Chili Peppers documentary was in the works.[157]

On December 15, 2019, the Chili Peppers announced that, after 10 years, they had split with Klinghoffer and that Frusciante had rejoined the band. They wrote that Klinghoffer was "a beautiful musician who we respect and love".[158] In an interview on the podcast WTF with Marc Maron, Klinghoffer said there was no animosity: "It's absolutely John's place to be in that band ... I'm happy that he's back with them."[159] On November 2, the Chili Peppers performed at a charity event at the Silverlake Conservatory of Music in Los Angeles; it was their final show with Klinghoffer.[160] Klinghoffer released his debut solo album, To Be One with You, on November 22, 2019, featuring Flea and the former Chili Peppers drummer Jack Irons.[161]

On February 8, 2020, Frusciante performed with the Chili Peppers for the first time in 13 years at a memorial service held by the Tony Hawk Foundation for late film producer Andrew Burkle, son of billionaire Ronald Burkle.[162] Shows were scheduled for three festivals that May,[163] but were cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[164] In August, the former Chili Peppers guitarist Jack Sherman died aged 64; the band issued a statement thanking him for "all times good, bad and in between".[165]

On April 24, 2021, the Chili Peppers announced that they had left Q Prime, their management company for the previous 20 years, and would now be managed by their longtime friend Guy Oseary, founder of Maverick Records.[166] On May 3, it was reported that the Red Hot Chili Peppers would sell their back catalogue to Hipgnosis Songs Fund for $140–$150 million.[167] On March 31, the Chili Peppers received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.[168]

2022: Unlimited Love and Return of the Dream Canteen

 
Kiedis performing with Red Hot Chili Peppers in 2022

The 12th Red Hot Chili Peppers album, Unlimited Love, produced by Rubin, was released on April 1, 2022. It debuted at number one in ten countries, becoming the first US number-one Chili Peppers album since Stadium Arcadium.[169] It was promoted with the singles "Black Summer"[170] and "These Are the Ways".[171] NME wrote that Unlimited Love shared the "melancholic riffmaking, anthemic choruses and softly-sung melodies" of Frusciante's previous work with the Chili Peppers, but introduced new "grungy" and acoustic elements.[172]

On the day of the release, the broadcasting company Sirius XM launched a dedicated Red Hot Chili Peppers channel, Whole Lotta Red Hot, featuring music videos, live performances and acts that influenced the Chili Peppers.[173] On June 4, the Red Hot Chili Peppers began their Global Stadium Tour.[174][175]

The 13th Chili Peppers album, Return of the Dream Canteen, recorded during the same sessions as Unlimited Love, was released on October 14.[176] The first single, "Tippa My Tongue", was released in August,[177] followed by "The Drummer". The former Chili Peppers drummer D.H. Peligro died at the age of 63 on October 28, 2022.[178]

Style

The music of the Red Hot Chili Peppers has been characterized as funk rock,[179][180][181][182] alternative rock,[183][184][185] funk metal[186][187][188] and rap rock,[181][182][189][190] with influences from hard, psychedelic and punk rock. Regarding their genre, Flea stated in a 2006 Guitar World interview, "For all the styles that have come and gone through-out our career, we never really aligned ourselves with any of them; we were never part of any movement. At one time, people put us together in a category with Fishbone and Faith No More, but we were always different from those bands, and they were always different from us."[191] The band's influences include Parliament-Funkadelic, Defunkt, Jimi Hendrix, the Misfits, Black Sabbath, Metallica, James Brown, Gang of Four, Bob Marley, Big Boys, Bad Brains, Sly and the Family Stone, Ohio Players, Queen, Stevie Wonder, Elvis Presley, Deep Purple, the Beach Boys, Black Flag, Ornette Coleman, Led Zeppelin, Yes,[192] Fugazi, Fishbone, Marvin Gaye, Billie Holiday, Santana, Elvis Costello, the Stooges,[193] the Clash, Siouxsie and the Banshees,[194][195] Devo, and Miles Davis.[196]

Kiedis provided multiple vocal styles. His primary approach up to Blood Sugar Sex Magik was spoken verse and rapping, which he complemented with traditional vocals. This helped the band to maintain a consistent style.[197] As the group matured, notably with Californication (1999), they reduced the number of rapped verses. By the Way (2002) contained only two songs with a rap-driven verse and melodic chorus.[198] Kiedis's more recent style was developed through ongoing coaching.[199]

Original guitarist Slovak's style was based in blues and funk. Slovak was primarily influenced by hard-rock artists such as Hendrix, Kiss and Led Zeppelin,[200] while his playing method was based on improvisation common in funk.[201] He was noted for an aggressive playing style; he would often play with such force, that his fingers would "come apart".[201] Kiedis observed that his playing evolved during his time away from the group in What Is This?, when Slovak adopted a more fluid style featuring "sultry" elements compared to his earlier hard-rock techniques.[202] On The Uplift Mofo Party Plan (1987), Slovak experimented with genres outside of traditional funk music including reggae and speed metal.[203] His guitar riffs would often serve as the basis of the group's songs, with the other members writing their parts to complement his guitar work. His melodic riff featured in the song "Behind the Sun" inspired the group to create "pretty" songs with an emphasis on melody.[38] Kiedis describes the song as "pure Hillel inspiration".[204] Slovak also used a talk box on songs such as "Green Heaven" and "Funky Crime", in which he would sing into a tube while playing to create psychedelic effects.[205]

Frusciante's musical style has evolved over the course of his career. His guitar playing employs melody and emotion rather than virtuosity.[clarification needed] Although virtuoso influences can be heard throughout his career, he has said that he often minimizes this.[206] Frusciante brought a melodic and textured sound, notably on Californication, By the Way and Stadium Arcadium (2006). This contrasts with his earlier abrasive approach in Mother's Milk,[207][208] as well as his dry, funky and more docile arrangements on Blood Sugar Sex Magik. On Californication and By the Way, Frusciante derived the technique of creating tonal texture through chord patterns from post-punk guitarist Vini Reilly of the Durutti Column, and bands such as Fugazi and the Cure.[209][210][211] On By the Way, he wanted people to be able to sing the lead guitar part, influenced by John McGeoch of Siouxsie and the Banshees, Johnny Marr of the Smiths and Bernard Sumner of Joy Division.[212] He initially wanted this album to be composed of "these punky, rough songs", drawing inspiration from early punk artists such as the Germs and the Damned. However, this was discouraged by producer Rick Rubin, and he instead built upon Californication's melodically driven style.[213] During the recording of Stadium Arcadium (2006), he moved away from his new-wave influences and concentrated on emulating flashier guitar players such as Hendrix and Van Halen.[214] Navarro brought his own sound to the band during his tenure, with his style based on heavy metal, progressive rock and psychedelia.[215]

Flea's bass guitar style can be considered an amalgamation of funk, psychedelic, punk, and hard rock.[216] The groove-heavy melodies, played through either finger-picking or slapping, contributed to their signature style. While Flea's slap bass style was prominent in earlier albums, albums after Blood Sugar Sex Magik[216] have more melodic and funk-driven bass lines. He has also used double stops on some newer songs. Flea's bass playing has changed considerably throughout the years. When he joined Fear, his technique centered largely around traditional punk-rock bass lines.[217] However, he changed this style when the Red Hot Chili Peppers formed. He began to incorporate a "slap" bass style that drew influence largely from Bootsy Collins.[218] Blood Sugar Sex Magik saw a notable shift in style as it featured none of his signature technique but focused more on traditional and melodic roots.[219] His intellectual beliefs as a musician also shifted: "I was trying to play simply on Blood Sugar Sex Magik because I had been playing too much prior to that, so I thought, 'I've really got to chill out and play half as many notes'. When you play less, it's more exciting—there's more room for everything. If I do play something busy, it stands out, instead of the bass being a constant onslaught of notes. Space is good."[219]

Drummer Smith blends rock with funk, mixing metal and jazz to his beats. Influences include Buddy Rich and John Bonham.[220] He brought a different sound to Mother's Milk, playing tight and fast. In Blood Sugar Sex Magik, he displays greater power. He is recognized for his ghost notes, his beats and his fast right foot. MusicRadar put him in sixth place on their list of the "50 Greatest Drummers Of All Time".[221]

During their early career, the Chili Peppers would often perform nude, wearing only socks over their genitals; this became a part of their stage persona, and brought them early notoriety. They retired the tradition in 2000 as they approached their forties.[222]

Lyrics and songwriting

Early in the group's career, Kiedis wrote comical songs filled with sexual innuendos and songs inspired by friendship and the band members' personal experiences. However, after the death of his close friend and bandmate Hillel Slovak, Kiedis's lyrics became much more introspective and personal, as exemplified by the Mother's Milk song "Knock Me Down", which was dedicated to Slovak along with the Blood Sugar Sex Magik song "My Lovely Man".

When the band recorded One Hot Minute (1995) Kiedis had turned to drugs once again, which resulted in darker lyrics.[223] He began to write about anguish, and the self-mutilating thoughts he would experience as a result of his heroin and cocaine addiction.[224][225] The album also featured tributes to close friends the band lost during the recording process including Kurt Cobain on the song "Tearjerker" and River Phoenix on the song "Transcending".

After witnessing Frusciante's recovery from his heroin addiction, Kiedis wrote many songs inspired by rebirth and the meaning of life on Californication. He was also intrigued by the life lessons that the band had learned,[226] including Kiedis's experience with meeting a young mother at the YMCA, who was attempting to battle her crack addiction while living with her infant daughter.[82]

On By the Way, Kiedis was lyrically influenced by love and his girlfriend.[227] Drugs also played an integral part in Kiedis's writings, as he had only been sober since 2000.[228] Tracks like "This Is the Place" and "Don't Forget Me" expressed his intense dislike for narcotics and the harmful physical and emotional effects they caused him. Stadium Arcadium (2006) continued the themes of love and romance; Kiedis stated, that "love and women, pregnancies and marriages, relationship struggles—those are real and profound influences on this record. And it's great, because it wasn't just me writing about the fact that I'm in love. It was everybody in the band. We were brimming with energy based on falling in love."[229] I'm with You (2011) again featured Kiedis writing about the loss of a close friend, this time in the song "Brendan's Death Song", a tribute to club owner Brendan Mullen who gave the band some of their earliest shows and showed support to them throughout their career.

Themes within Kiedis's repertoire include love and friendship,[230][231] teenage angst, good-time aggression,[232] various sexual topics and the link between sex and music, political and social commentary (Native American issues in particular),[233] romance,[230][234][235] loneliness,[236] globalization and the cons of fame and Hollywood,[237] poverty, drugs, alcohol, dealing with death, and California.[99]

Legacy

 
The Red Hot Chili Peppers star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, unveiled in March 2022

Influence

The Red Hot Chili Peppers' mix of hard rock, funk and hip hop has influenced genres such as funk metal,[238] rap metal,[2] rap rock[239] and nu metal.[240][2] AllMusic claim that in 1992, "oodles of (mostly horribly bad) funk-metal acts were following in Faith No More and the Red Hot Chili Peppers' footsteps."[241] Bands who have cited the Red Hot Chili Peppers as an influence include Incubus,[242] Mr. Bungle,[243] Primus,[244] Rage Against the Machine,[245] System of a Down,[246][247] Papa Roach,[248] 311[249][250] and Sugar Ray.[251] The members of Korn, who were formerly in the funk metal band L.A.P.D., have also cited them as an influence.[252] Kiedis said the band were early to combine "hardcore funk and hip-hop-style vocals", and suggested they had influenced Limp Bizkit, Kid Rock, and Linkin Park.[253] Smith said, "Certainly Anthony's singing style and voice lends itself to being unique, and nobody sounds like him. The cool thing about it is we can play any style of music whether it's hard and fast, or loud or quiet, slow or medium, whatever it is; rock or funk, and it still sounds like us. I'm proud of that because sometimes bands don't have that strong personality where you go, 'Oh, that's boom, right away.'"[254]

Recognition

The Red Hot Chili Peppers were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame In April 2012. The induction lineup was Kiedis, Flea, Smith, Klinghoffer, Frusciante, Slovak (represented by his brother James), Irons and Martinez; Frusciante was invited, but did not attend.[123] Navarro and Sherman were not inducted; Sherman said he felt "dishonored".[255] The band performed "By the Way", "Give It Away" and "Higher Ground", which included Irons and Martinez on drums. It was the first time Kiedis and Flea had performed with Irons in more than 20 years.[256]

In 2003, Rolling Stone released their first list of the "500 Greatest Albums of All Time", with Blood Sugar Sex Magik at 310 and Californication at 399.[257] In 2012, a revised list was released, with Californication at 401.[258] In 2020, Rolling Stone released another version of the list, with Blood Sugar Sex Magik at 186 and Californication at 286.[259]

The band received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame on March 31, 2022. George Clinton, Woody Harrelson and Bob Forrest unveiled the star at the ceremony.[260][261]

On August 28, 2022, the band received the Global Icon Award at the 2022 MTV Video Music Awards. The award was presented to them by Cheech & Chong.[262][263]

Public profile

Activism

In 1990, the Chili Peppers appeared in PSA ads for Rock the Vote, a non-profit organization in the United States geared toward increasing voter turnout in the United States Presidential Election among voters ages 18 to 24.[264]

The band was invited by the Beastie Boys and the Milarepa Fund to perform at the Tibetan Freedom Concert in June 1996 in San Francisco. They also performed at the June 1998 Washington, D.C. concert. The concerts, which were held worldwide, were to support the cause of Tibetan independence.[citation needed] In September 2005, the band performed "Under the Bridge" at the ReAct Now: Music & Relief benefit which was held to raise money for the victims of Hurricane Katrina. The live event raised $30 million.[citation needed]

In July 2007, the band performed on behalf of former U.S. Vice President Al Gore who invited the band to perform at the London version of his Live Earth concerts which were held to raise awareness towards global warming and solving the most critical environmental issues of our time.[265] The band performed a free concert in downtown Cleveland, Ohio in April 2012 in support of President Obama's re-election campaign. The requirement for getting into the concert was agreeing to volunteer for the Obama 2012 phone bank. The event quickly met its capacity limit after being announced.[266]

In May 2013, the band performed a concert in Portland, Oregon, for the Dalai Lama as part of the Dalai Lama Environmental Summit.[267][268] In January 2015, they performed their first show of the new year for the Sean Penn & Friends Help Haiti Home fundraiser in support of the J/P Haitian Relief Organization.[269] The band were among over 120 entertainers and celebrities to sign up and announce that they would be voting for Bernie Sanders in the 2016 presidential election in September.[270][271] The band performed at a fundraiser event at the Belly Up Tavern in Solana Beach in the same month. All money was donated to A Reason To Survive (ARTS), Heartbeat Music Academy, San Diego Young Artists Music Academy, and the Silverlake Conservatory of Music.[272] In October, Kiedis and Flea hosted the annual benefit for the Silverlake Conservatory of Music. The band performed a special rare acoustic set.[273]

In February 2016, the band headlined a fundraiser concert in support of Sanders.[274] In April, they performed at a private function on behalf of Facebook and Napster founder Sean Parker for his launch of The Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy.[275] Smith and Will Ferrell hosted the Red Hot Benefit Comedy + Music Show & Quinceanera in the same month. The benefit featured a performance by the Chili Peppers along with comedy acts selected by Ferrell and Funny or Die. A portion of the proceeds went to Ferrell's Cancer for College and Smith's Silverlake Conservatory of Music.[276]

In February 2018, Smith once again joined Ferrell at his One Classy Night benefit at the Moore Theater in Seattle to help raise money for Cancer for College. The event raised $300,000 in college scholarship money for students who have survived cancer.[277]

Sexual assault

In his autobiography Scar Tissue, Kiedis described having sex with a 14-year-old fan who was the daughter of a Louisiana police chief, despite knowing her age. He wrote the song "Catholic School Girls Rule" about the incident.[278] In 1986, Kiedis dated the 16-year old Ione Skye, who was below the age of consent in California.[279]

On 21 April, 1989, Kiedis was convicted of sexual battery and indecent exposure after a concert at George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia. Kiedis exposed himself and pressed his penis to a woman's face against her wishes.[278][280] He was fined $1,000 on each charge.[281] In 1990, Kiedis said the incident was "blown way out of proportion by both the media and the prosecution", and was merely "a playful thing that happened backstage" with no intent of harm.[281]

In 1990, Flea and Smith were arrested on charges of battery in Daytona Beach, Florida, at a spring break performance for MTV. Flea was also charged with disorderly conduct and solicitation to commit an unnatural and lascivious act. Flea picked up a 20-year-old woman and threw her into the sand, while Smith forcibly removed her bathing suit and slapped her buttocks.[282] Flea allegedly demanded that she perform oral sex on him before both he and Smith were removed by security.[283] Following the arrest, the State University of New York at New Paltz canceled a Chili Peppers concert.[281]

Flea and Smith pled guilty to all charges. They were each sentenced to pay a $1,000 fine, plus $300 to the State Attorney’s Office for prosecution costs and $5,000 to the Volusia County Rape Crisis Center, and ordered to write letters of apology to the woman.[284] In a 1992 Rolling Stone interview, Flea said: "I wish I'd never done it, and it was a really stupid thing to do. I was out of control. But I did not assault anybody, and it was not sexual. It had nothing to do with sex."[285] In 2016, the former music executive Julie Farman alleged that two members of the Red Hot Chili Peppers had pressed themselves against her and "told me about all of the ways we could make a super sexy sandwich" in 1990.[286]

Members

Main article: List of Red Hot Chili Peppers band members
Current
  • Anthony Kiedis – lead vocals (1983–present)
  • Flea (Michael Balzary) – bass, backing vocals (1983–present), trumpet (1988–present), piano (2011–present)
  • John Frusciante – guitars, backing vocals (1988–1992, 1998–2009, 2019–present), keyboards (1998–2009, 2019–present)
  • Chad Smith – drums, percussion (1988–present)
Former

Awards and nominations

Main article: List of awards and nominations received by Red Hot Chili Peppers

Discography

Main articles: Red Hot Chili Peppers discography and list of recorded songs

Tours

See also

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Bibliography

External links

  • Official website  
  • RHCP Live Archive
  • RHCP Sessions Archive
  • Red Hot Chili Peppers at Curlie

January 14, 2023
chili, peppers, this, article, about, band, their, self, titled, debut, album, album, american, rock, band, formed, angeles, 1983, comprising, vocalist, anthony, kiedis, bassist, flea, drummer, chad, smith, guitarist, john, frusciante, their, music, incorporat. This article is about the band For their self titled debut album see The Red Hot Chili Peppers album Red Hot Chili Peppers are an American rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1983 comprising vocalist Anthony Kiedis bassist Flea drummer Chad Smith and guitarist John Frusciante Their music incorporates elements of alternative rock funk punk rock hard rock hip hop and psychedelic rock Their eclectic range has influenced genres such as funk metal 1 rap metal 2 rap rock 3 and nu metal 4 2 With over 120 million records sold worldwide Red Hot Chili Peppers are one of the best selling bands of all time 5 They hold the records for most number one singles 14 most cumulative weeks at number one 85 and most top ten songs 25 on the Billboard Alternative Songs chart 6 They have won six Grammy Awards were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2012 and in 2022 received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame Red Hot Chili PeppersThe band playing live in London in 2022 From left Flea Anthony Kiedis Chad Smith John FruscianteBackground informationOriginLos Angeles California U S GenresFunk rock alternative rock funk metal rap rockYears active1983 1983 presentLabelsCapitol EMI Enigma WarnerMembersAnthony Kiedis Flea Chad Smith John FrusciantePast membersHillel Slovak Jack Irons Cliff Martinez Jack Sherman DeWayne McKnight D H Peligro Arik Marshall Jesse Tobias Dave Navarro Josh KlinghofferWebsiteredhotchilipeppers wbr comRed Hot Chili Peppers were formed in Los Angeles by Kiedis Flea guitarist Hillel Slovak and drummer Jack Irons Due to commitments to other bands Slovak and Irons did not play on the band s 1984 self titled debut album which instead featured guitarist Jack Sherman and drummer Cliff Martinez Slovak rejoined for their second album Freaky Styley 1985 and Irons for their third The Uplift Mofo Party Plan 1987 Irons left after Slovak died of a drug overdose in June 1988 With new recruits Frusciante and Smith Red Hot Chili Peppers recorded Mother s Milk 1989 and their first major commercial success Blood Sugar Sex Magik 1991 Frusciante was uncomfortable with their newfound popularity and left abruptly on tour in 1992 After a series of temporary guitarists he was replaced by Dave Navarro who appeared on the group s sixth album One Hot Minute 1995 Although successful the album failed to match the critical or popular acclaim of Blood Sugar Sex Magik Frusciante and Kiedis struggled with drug addiction throughout the 1990s In 1998 following Navarro s departure Frusciante rejoined the band Their seventh album Californication 1999 became their biggest commercial success with 16 million copies sold worldwide By the Way 2002 and Stadium Arcadium 2006 were also successful Stadium Arcadium was their first album to reach number one on the Billboard 200 chart Frusciante left again in 2009 to focus on his solo career he was replaced by Josh Klinghoffer who appeared on I m with You 2011 and The Getaway 2016 before Frusciante rejoined in 2019 They released their 12th and 13th albums Unlimited Love and Return of the Dream Canteen in 2022 7 Contents 1 History 1 1 1983 1984 Early history 1 2 1985 1988 Building a following drug abuse and death of Slovak 1 3 1988 1989 Frusciante and Smith join 1 4 1990 1993 Blood Sugar Sex Magik fame and Frusciante s first departure 1 5 1994 1997 One Hot Minute and Dave Navarro 1 6 1998 2001 Return of Frusciante and Californication 1 7 2001 2004 By the Way 1 8 2005 2007 Stadium Arcadium 1 9 2008 2009 Klinghoffer replaces Frusciante 1 10 2011 2014 I m with You 1 11 2015 2018 The Getaway 1 12 2019 2021 Frusciante returns 1 13 2022 Unlimited Love and Return of the Dream Canteen 2 Style 2 1 Lyrics and songwriting 3 Legacy 3 1 Influence 3 2 Recognition 4 Public profile 4 1 Activism 4 2 Sexual assault 5 Members 6 Awards and nominations 7 Discography 8 Tours 9 See also 10 References 10 1 Bibliography 11 External linksHistory1983 1984 Early history Founding guitarist Hillel Slovak performing in Philadelphia in 1985 Slovak died from a drug overdose in 1988 The Red Hot Chili Peppers were formed in Los Angeles by singer Anthony Kiedis guitarist Hillel Slovak bassist Flea and drummer Jack Irons classmates at Fairfax High School 8 Their early names included Tony Flow and the Miraculously Majestic Masters of Mayhem and their first performance was at the Rhythm Lounge club to a crowd of approximately 30 opening for Gary and Neighbor s Voices 9 Inspired by punk funk acts like Contortions and Defunkt they improvised music while Kiedis rapped 10 The new sound introduced by the Red Hot Chili Peppers caught the attention of established acts such as the Circle Jerks with two members declaring in a 1983 interview that the Red Hot Chili Peppers were their favorite band describing the new sound as white boy funk They re rap white rap rocknroll rap Fuckin great 11 At the time Slovak and Irons were already committed to another group What Is This however the new band was asked to return the following week 9 They changed their name to the Red Hot Chili Peppers playing several shows at LA venues Six songs from these shows were on the band s first demo tape 12 In November 1983 manager Lindy Goetz struck a seven album deal with EMI America and Enigma Records Two weeks earlier however What Is This had also obtained a record deal with MCA and in December Slovak and Irons quit the Red Hot Chili Peppers to focus on What Is This 13 Flea and Kiedis recruited Weirdos drummer Cliff Martinez and guitarist Jack Sherman 14 The band released their debut album The Red Hot Chili Peppers in August 1984 Airplay on college radio and MTV helped build a fan base 15 and the album sold 300 000 copies Gang of Four guitarist Andy Gill who produced the album pushed the band to play with a cleaner more radio friendly sound 16 and the band was disappointed with the result finding it over polished 17 The album included backing vocals by Gwen Dickey the singer for the 1970s disco funk group Rose Royce 18 The band embarked on a gruelling tour performing 60 shows in 64 days During the tour continuing musical and lifestyle tension between Kiedis and Sherman complicated the transition between concert and daily band life 19 Sherman was fired in February 1985 20 Slovak who had just quit What Is This rejoined in early 1985 21 1985 1988 Building a following drug abuse and death of Slovak Vocalist Anthony Kiedis and bassist Flea pictured in August 1989 have remained with the Red Hot Chili Peppers through the band s history The second Chili Peppers album Freaky Styley 1985 was produced by funk musician George Clinton who introduced elements of punk and funk into the band s repertoire 22 The album featured Maceo Parker and Fred Wesley The band used heroin while recording the album which influenced the lyrics and music 23 The band had a much better relationship with Clinton than with Gill 24 but Freaky Styley released on August 16 1985 also achieved little success failing to make an impression on any chart The band also considered the subsequent tour unproductive 25 26 27 Despite the lack of success the band was satisfied with Freaky Styley Kiedis reflected that it so surpassed anything we thought we could have done that we were thinking we were on the road to enormity 28 Around this time the band appeared in the 1986 films Thrashin playing the song Blackeyed Blonde from Freaky Styley and Tough Guys performing Set It Straight 29 unreliable source In early 1986 EMI gave the Chili Peppers 5 000 to record a demo tape for their next album They chose to work with producer Keith Levene from PIL as he shared their interest in drugs 30 Levene and Slovak put aside 2 000 of the budget to spend on heroin and cocaine which created tension between the band members Martinez s heart was no longer in the band but he did not quit so Kiedis and Flea fired him in April 1986 31 Irons rejoined the band to their surprise it marked the first time all four founding members were together since 1983 During the recording and subsequent tour of Freaky Styley Kiedis and Slovak were dealing with debilitating heroin addictions Due to his addiction Kiedis didn t have the same drive or desire to come up with ideas or lyrics and appeared at rehearsal literally asleep 32 For their third album the Chili Peppers attempted to hire Rick Rubin to produce but he declined due to the band s increasing drug problems They eventually hired Michael Beinhorn from the art funk project Material their last choice 33 The early attempts at recording were halted due to Kiedis s worsening drug problems and Kiedis was briefly fired 34 After the band were named band of the year by LA Weekly Kiedis entered drug rehabilitation 35 The band auditioned new singers 36 but Kiedis now sober rejoined the recording sessions with new enthusiasm 37 Songs formed quickly blending the funk feel and rhythms of Freaky Styley with a harder more immediate approach to punk rock The album was recorded in the basement of the Capitol Records Building 38 The recording process was difficult Kiedis would frequently disappear to seek drugs 39 After fifty days of sobriety Kiedis decided to take drugs again to celebrate his new music 38 The third Red Hot Chili Peppers album The Uplift Mofo Party Plan was released in September 1987 and peaked at No 148 on the Billboard 200 chart 40 a significant improvement over their earlier albums The band immediately embarked on a two and a half month North American tour to promote the release accompanied by Faith No More as support who were also promoting their new album Introduce Yourself 41 42 During this period however Kiedis and Slovak had both developed serious drug addictions 43 often disappearing for days on end Slovak died from a heroin overdose on June 25 1988 soon after the conclusion of the Uplift tour 44 Kiedis fled the city and did not attend Slovak s funeral 45 Irons troubled by the death left the band following years of depression he became a member of the Seattle grunge band Pearl Jam in 1994 46 1988 1989 Frusciante and Smith join Chad Smith pictured in 2019 has been the Red Hot Chili Peppers drummer since 1988 DeWayne Blackbyrd McKnight a former member of Parliament Funkadelic joined as guitarist and D H Peligro of Dead Kennedys joined as drummer when Kiedis re entered rehab for 30 days and visited Slovak s grave as part of his rehabilitation finally confronting his grief Three dates into the tour McKnight was fired for lack of chemistry with the band 47 McKnight was so unhappy he threatened to burn down Kiedis s house 48 Peligro introduced Kiedis and Flea to teenage guitarist and Chili Peppers fan John Frusciante 49 who brought a darker more melodic rock style to the band 50 Frusciante performed his first show with the Chili Peppers in September 1988 The new lineup began writing for the next album and went on a short tour the Turd Town Tour In November Kiedis and Flea fired Peligro due to his drug and alcohol problems citation needed Following open auditions they hired drummer Chad Smith in December 1988 who has remained since 51 According to Smith We started playing and right away we just hit it off musically 52 The Chili Peppers began work on their fourth album in 1989 53 Unlike the stop start sessions for The Uplift Mofo Party Plan preproduction went smoothly However the sessions were made tense by Beinhorn s desire to create a hit frustrating Frusciante and Kiedis 54 Released on August 16 1989 Mother s Milk peaked at number 52 on the U S Billboard 200 40 The record failed to chart in the United Kingdom and Europe but climbed to number 33 in Australia 55 Knock Me Down reached number six on the U S Modern Rock Tracks whereas Higher Ground charted at number eleven 56 and reached number 54 in the UK and 45 in Australia and France 57 58 Mother s Milk was certified gold in March 1990 and was the first Chili Peppers album to ship over 500 000 units 59 1990 1993 Blood Sugar Sex Magik fame and Frusciante s first departure Main article Blood Sugar Sex Magik Rick Rubin has produced several Red Hot Chili Peppers albums In 1990 after the success of Mother s Milk the Chili Peppers left EMI and entered a major label bidding war They signed with Warner Bros Records and hired producer Rick Rubin Rubin had turned the band down in 1987 because of their drug problems but felt they were now healthier and more focused He would go on to produce five more of their albums The writing process was more productive than it had been for Mother s Milk with Kiedis saying every day there was new music for me to lyricize 60 At Rubin s suggestion they recorded in the Mansion a studio in a house where magician Harry Houdini once lived 61 In September 1991 Blood Sugar Sex Magik was released Give It Away was the first single it became one of the band s best known songs and in 1992 won a Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock Performance With Vocal It became the band s first number one single on the Modern Rock chart 56 62 The ballad Under the Bridge was released as a second single and reached number two on the Billboard Hot 100 chart the band s highest position to date 56 Blood Sugar Sex Magik sold over 12 million copies 63 It was listed at number 310 on Rolling Stone s list of 500 Greatest Albums of All Time and in 1992 it rose to number three on the US album charts almost a year after its release The album was accompanied by a documentary Funky Monks 64 The band began their Blood Sugar Sex Magik tour which featured Nirvana Pearl Jam and Smashing Pumpkins three of the era s biggest upcoming bands in alternative music as opening acts 65 Frusciante was troubled by fame and began falling out with Kiedis He isolated himself and developed a secret heroin addiction In an appearance on Saturday Night Live he performed off key Kiedis believed he wanted to sabotage the performance 50 Frusciante abruptly quit after a show in Tokyo in May 1992 50 He returned to Los Angeles and spent years living in squalor struggling with addiction 50 The Chili Peppers contacted guitarist Dave Navarro who had just split from Jane s Addiction but Navarro was involved in his own drug problems After failed auditions with Zander Schloss Arik Marshall of Los Angeles band Marshall Law was hired and the Chili Peppers headlined the Lollapalooza festival in 1992 citation needed Marshall also appeared in the music videos for Breaking the Girl and If You Have to Ask as well as the Simpsons episode Krusty Gets Kancelled 66 unreliable source In September 1992 the Chili Peppers performed Give It Away at the MTV Video Music Awards They were nominated for seven awards winning three including Viewer s Choice In February 1993 they performed Give It Away at the Grammy Awards and the song won the band their first Grammy later that evening 67 The Chili Peppers dismissed Marshall as he was too busy to attend rehearsals citation needed They held auditions for new guitarists including Buckethead whom Flea felt was not right for the band 68 Guitarist Jesse Tobias of the Los Angeles band Mother Tongue was briefly hired but dismissed due to poor chemistry 69 However Navarro said he was now ready to join the band 70 In August 1993 the non album single Soul to Squeeze was released and featured on the soundtrack to the film Coneheads 71 The song topped the Billboard US Modern Rock chart 72 1994 1997 One Hot Minute and Dave Navarro Main article One Hot Minute Dave Navarro pictured in 2009 replaced Jesse Tobias as guitarist in 1993 He left in 1998 Navarro first appeared with the band at Woodstock 94 performing early versions of new songs This was followed by a brief tour including headlining appearances at Pukkelpop and Reading Festivals as well as two performances as the opening act for the Rolling Stones 73 The relationship between Navarro and the band began to deteriorate 74 Navarro admitted he did not care for funk music or jamming Kiedis had relapsed into heroin addiction following a dental procedure in which an addictive sedative Valium was used though the band did not discover this until later 75 Without Frusciante songs were written at a far slower rate 75 Kiedis said John had been a true anomaly when it came to songwriting I just figured that was how all guitar players were that you showed them your lyrics and sang a little bit and the next thing you knew you had a song That didn t happen right off the bat with Dave 75 With Kiedis often absent from recording due to his drug problems Flea took a larger role in the writing process and sang lead on his song Pea citation needed One Hot Minute was released in September 1995 after several delays It departed from the band s previous sound with Navarro s guitar work incorporating heavy metal riffs and psychedelic rock 76 The band described the album as a darker sadder record 77 Kiedis s lyrics addressed drugs including the lead single Warped and broken relationships and deaths of loved ones including Tearjerker written about Kurt Cobain Despite mixed reviews the album sold eight million copies worldwide 78 and produced the band s third number one single My Friends citation needed The band also contributed to soundtracks including Working Class Hero A Tribute to John Lennon and Beavis and Butt Head Do America citation needed and Flea and Navarro contributed to Alanis Morissette s single You Oughta Know 79 The Chili Peppers began the tour for One Hot Minute in Europe in 1995 The US tour was postponed after Smith broke his wrist In 1997 several shows were cancelled following deteriorating band relations injuries and Navarro and Kiedis s drug use The band played three shows that year including the first Fuji Rock Festival in Japan 80 In April 1998 the Chili Peppers announced that Navarro had left due to creative differences Kiedis said the decision was mutual 81 Reports at the time indicated that Navarro s departure came after he attended a band practice under the influence of drugs 78 1998 2001 Return of Frusciante and Californication Main article Californication album The band regained commercial success after guitarist John Frusciante pictured in 2006 rejoined them in 1998 He left again in 2009 and rejoined in 2019 With no guitarist the Red Hot Chili Peppers were on the verge of breaking up 82 In the years following Frusciante s departure his heroin addiction had left him in poverty and near death 83 Flea convinced Frusciante to enter Las Encinas Drug Rehabilitation Center in January 1998 84 85 His addiction left him with scarring on his arms a restructured nose and dental implants following an oral infection 86 87 In April 1998 Flea visited the recovered Frusciante and asked him to rejoin the band Frusciante began sobbing and said nothing would make him happier 88 89 Red Hot Chili Peppers logo In June 1999 after more than a year of production the Red Hot Chili Peppers released Californication their seventh studio album It sold over 16 million copies and remains their most successful album 90 Californication contained fewer rap songs than its predecessors instead integrating textured and melodic guitar riffs vocals and basslines 91 It produced three number one modern rock hits Scar Tissue Otherside and Californication 56 Californication received stronger reviews than One Hot Minute and was a greater success worldwide 91 While many critics credited the success of the album to Frusciante s return they also felt Kiedis s vocals had also improved 92 It was later listed at number 399 on the Rolling Stone magazine list of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time citation needed Californication was supported with a two year international world tour producing the first Chili Peppers concert DVD Off the Map 2001 93 In July 1999 the Chili Peppers played the closing show at Woodstock 1999 8 94 During the set a small fire escalated into violence and vandalism resulting in the intervention of riot control squads 95 ATMs and several semi tractor trailers were looted and destroyed 96 97 The band was blamed in the media for inciting the riots after performing a cover of the Jimi Hendrix song Fire In his memoir Kiedis wrote It was clear that this situation had nothing to do with Woodstock anymore It wasn t symbolic of peace and love but of greed and cashing in 98 2001 2004 By the Way Main article By the Way The Chili Peppers began writing their next album in early 2001 immediately following the Californication tour 99 Frusciante and Kiedis would collaborate for days straight discussing and sharing guitar progressions and lyrics 100 For Kiedis writing By the Way was a whole different experience from Californication John was back to himself and brimming with confidence 99 The recording was difficult for Flea who felt his role was being diminished 101 and fought with Frusciante about the musical direction 101 Flea considered quitting the band after the album but the two worked out their problems 102 By the Way was released in July 2002 and produced four singles By the Way The Zephyr Song Can t Stop and Universally Speaking The album was their most subdued to date focusing on melodic ballads over rap and funk with layered textures more keyboards and string arrangements 103 The album was followed by an eighteen month world tour 104 a concert DVD Live at Slane Castle and the band s first live album Red Hot Chili Peppers Live in Hyde Park 105 More than 258 000 fans paid over 17 100 000 for tickets over three nights a 2004 record the event ranked No 1 on Billboard s Top Concert Boxscores of 2004 106 In November 2003 the Chili Peppers released their Greatest Hits album which featured new songs Fortune Faded and Save the Population 107 2005 2007 Stadium Arcadium Main article Stadium Arcadium In 2006 the Chili Peppers released their ninth album Stadium Arcadium Although they initially planned to release a trilogy of albums 108 they chose to release a 28 track double album It was their first album to debut at number one on the US charts where it stayed for two weeks and debuted at number one in the UK and 25 other countries Stadium Arcadium sold over seven million units 109 It won five Grammys Best Rock Album Best Rock Song Dani California Best Rock Performance by a Duo Or Group With Vocal Dani California Best Boxed Or Special Limited Edition Package and Best Producer Rick Rubin 62 Red Hot Chili Peppers performing at the Pinkpop Festival in 2006 The first single Dani California was the band s fastest selling single debuting on top of the Modern Rock chart in the U S peaking at number six on the Billboard Hot 100 and reaching number 2 in the UK Tell Me Baby released next also topped the charts in 2006 Snow Hey Oh was released in late 2006 breaking multiple records by 2007 The song became their eleventh number one single giving the band a cumulative total of 81 weeks at number one It was also the first time three consecutive singles by the band made it to number one Desecration Smile was released internationally in February 2007 and reached number 27 on the UK charts Hump de Bump was planned to be the next single for the US Canada and Australia only but due to positive feedback from the music video it was released as a worldwide single in May 2007 citation needed The Stadium Arcadium World Tour began in 2006 including several festival dates Frusciante s friend and frequent musical collaborator Josh Klinghoffer joined the touring band contributing guitar backing vocals and keyboards The band was the musical guest for Saturday Night Live which aired in May 2006 with featured host Tom Hanks 110 unreliable source 2008 2009 Klinghoffer replaces Frusciante Josh Klinghoffer pictured in 2016 was the backup touring guitarist in 2007 He replaced John Frusciante in 2009 until Frusciante s return in 2019 Following the Stadium Arcadium tour the Chili Peppers took an extended break Kiedis attributed this to the band being worn out from their years of nonstop work since Californication Their only recording during this time was in 2008 with George Clinton on his album George Clinton and His Gangsters of Love accompanied by Kim Manning they recorded a new version of Shirley and Lee s classic Let the Good Times Roll 111 Kiedis who had recently become a father planned to spend the time taking care of his son and developing a television series based on his autobiography Spider and Son 112 Flea began taking music theory classes at the University of Southern California and revealed plans to release a mainly instrumental solo record guest musicians included Patti Smith and a choir from the Silverlake Conservatory 113 He also joined Thom Yorke in the supergroup Atoms for Peace 114 Frusciante released his album The Empyrean 115 Smith worked with Sammy Hagar Joe Satriani and Michael Anthony in the supergroup Chickenfoot as well as on his solo project Chad Smith s Bombastic Meatbats 116 In July 2009 Frusciante again left the Chili Peppers though no announcement was made until December 117 Frusciante explained on his Myspace page that there was no ill feeling about his departure this time and that he wanted to focus on his solo work 118 In October 2009 the Chili Peppers entered the studio to begin writing their tenth studio album with Klinghoffer replacing Frusciante 117 In January 2010 the Chili Peppers made their live comeback in January 2010 paying tribute to Neil Young with a cover of A Man Needs a Maid at MusiCares In February after months of speculation Klinghoffer was confirmed as Frusciante s replacement 119 2011 2014 I m with You Main article I m with You album Red Hot Chili Peppers recorded their tenth album I m with You between September 2010 and March 2011 They decided against releasing another double album reducing the album to 14 tracks 120 I m with You was released in the US in August 2011 It topped the charts in 18 countries and received mostly positive reviews The Adventures of Rain Dance Maggie became the band s 12th number one single 121 122 Monarchy of Roses Look Around and Did I Let You Know released only in Brazil and Brendan s Death Song were also released as singles 123 A 2012 promotional image of the Red Hot Chili Peppers In July 2011 the Chili Peppers played three invitation only warm up shows in California their first since 2007 124 125 They began a month long promotional tour in August 2011 starting in Asia The I m with You World Tour ran from September 2011 until 2013 The North American leg expected to begin in January 2012 was postponed to March due to a surgery Kiedis required for foot injuries he had sustained during the Stadium Arcadium tour Following the I m with You World Tour the band set out on another small tour including their first shows in Alaska Paraguay the Philippines and Puerto Rico citation needed Recordings from the tours were released in 2012 on the free 2011 Live EP citation needed Flea and Smith at Rock in Rio Madrid 2012 The Chili Peppers were nominated for two MTV Europe Music Awards for Best Rock Band and Best Live Artist 126 and nominated for Best Group at the 2012 People s Choice Awards 127 I m with You was also nominated for a 2012 Grammy Award for Best Rock Album 128 In April 2012 the Chili Peppers were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame May saw the release of the download only Rock amp Roll Hall of Fame Covers EP comprising previously released studio and live covers of artists that had influenced the band From August 2012 the band began releasing a series of singles as the I m with You Sessions which were compiled on the I m Beside You LP in November 2013 as a Record Store Day exclusive 129 In February 2014 the Chili Peppers joined Bruno Mars as performers at the Super Bowl XLVIII half time show watched by a record 115 3 million viewers The performance was met with mixed reviews for its use of backing music Flea responded that it was an NFL rule for bands to pre record music due to time and technical issues and that they had agreed because it was a once in a lifetime opportunity He said Kiedis s vocals were completely live and the band had recorded Give it Away during rehearsals 130 The band began another tour in May 2013 which ended in June 2014 2012 13 Live EP was released in July 2014 through their website as a free download citation needed 2015 2018 The Getaway Main article The Getaway Red Hot Chili Peppers album The Chili Peppers released Fandemonium in November 2014 a book dedicated to their fans 131 That December they began work on their eleventh album their first without producer Rick Rubin since 1989 132 it was instead produced by Danger Mouse 133 Flea broke his arm during a skiing trip which delayed the recording for several months 134 Dark Necessities the first single from their upcoming album was released on May 5 Their eleventh album The Getaway was released in June 135 Kiedis said the songs were influenced by a two year relationship that fell apart 136 Dark Necessities became the band s 25th top ten single on the Billboard Alternative Songs chart a record they hold over U2 137 In February 2016 Circle of the Noose an unreleased song recorded with Navarro in 1998 was leaked 138 The Red Hot Chili Peppers performing at Rock am Ring in 2016 In May the band released The Getaway 139 The music video for Dark Necessities directed by actress Olivia Wilde was released in June 2016 140 The Getaway made its debut at number 2 on the Billboard 200 chart behind Drake who had the number one album for eight consecutive weeks The Getaway outsold Drake its opening week with album sales of 108 000 to 33 000 actually placing him at 4th in sales for the week though due to album streaming Drake managed to top the band for the top position in the charts 141 142 In July 2016 the Live In Paris EP was released exclusively through the music streaming website Deezer Go Robot was announced as the second single from The Getaway In the same month the band members started to post images from the set of the music video 143 The Getaway was reissued on limited edition pink vinyl in September as part of 10 Bands 1 Cause All money from sales of the re issue went to Gilda s Club NYC an organization that provides community support for both those diagnosed with cancer and their caretakers It is named after comedian Gilda Radner 144 The band began the headlining portion of the Getaway World Tour in September with the North American leg featuring Jack Irons the band s original drummer as an opening act beginning in January 2017 145 Dave Rat the band s sound engineer since 1991 announced that following the show of January 22 2017 he would no longer be working with the band 146 The Getaway World Tour concluded in October 2017 The tour consisted of 151 shows lasting a year and almost five months 147 In December the band headlined the Band Together 2 Benefit Concert at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium in San Francisco Money raised from the concert went to the Tipping Point Emergency Relief Fund which between 2005 and 2017 raised 150 million to educate employ house and support those in need in the Bay Area 148 2019 2021 Frusciante returns The recording of the next Chili Peppers album was delayed due to the Woolsey Fire the band performed a benefit show for fire victims on January 13 2019 149 In February they performed Dark Necessities with rapper Post Malone at the 61st Annual Grammy Awards 150 151 They appeared in Malone s music video for Wow released in March 152 Red Hot Chili Peppers performing at the Ohana Music Festival in September 2019 three months before Klinghoffer was replaced by Frusciante In February 2019 the Chili Peppers began a month long tour featuring their first headlining shows in Australia in 12 years 153 including their first show in Tasmania which was briefly halted due to a power outage 154 On March 15 they performed in Egypt becoming one of the few acts allowed to perform at the Pyramids of Giza 155 The performance was livestreamed 156 On October 26 the photographer David Mushegain announced that a Chili Peppers documentary was in the works 157 On December 15 2019 the Chili Peppers announced that after 10 years they had split with Klinghoffer and that Frusciante had rejoined the band They wrote that Klinghoffer was a beautiful musician who we respect and love 158 In an interview on the podcast WTF with Marc Maron Klinghoffer said there was no animosity It s absolutely John s place to be in that band I m happy that he s back with them 159 On November 2 the Chili Peppers performed at a charity event at the Silverlake Conservatory of Music in Los Angeles it was their final show with Klinghoffer 160 Klinghoffer released his debut solo album To Be One with You on November 22 2019 featuring Flea and the former Chili Peppers drummer Jack Irons 161 On February 8 2020 Frusciante performed with the Chili Peppers for the first time in 13 years at a memorial service held by the Tony Hawk Foundation for late film producer Andrew Burkle son of billionaire Ronald Burkle 162 Shows were scheduled for three festivals that May 163 but were cancelled due to the COVID 19 pandemic 164 In August the former Chili Peppers guitarist Jack Sherman died aged 64 the band issued a statement thanking him for all times good bad and in between 165 On April 24 2021 the Chili Peppers announced that they had left Q Prime their management company for the previous 20 years and would now be managed by their longtime friend Guy Oseary founder of Maverick Records 166 On May 3 it was reported that the Red Hot Chili Peppers would sell their back catalogue to Hipgnosis Songs Fund for 140 150 million 167 On March 31 the Chili Peppers received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame 168 2022 Unlimited Love and Return of the Dream Canteen Kiedis performing with Red Hot Chili Peppers in 2022 The 12th Red Hot Chili Peppers album Unlimited Love produced by Rubin was released on April 1 2022 It debuted at number one in ten countries becoming the first US number one Chili Peppers album since Stadium Arcadium 169 It was promoted with the singles Black Summer 170 and These Are the Ways 171 NME wrote that Unlimited Love shared the melancholic riffmaking anthemic choruses and softly sung melodies of Frusciante s previous work with the Chili Peppers but introduced new grungy and acoustic elements 172 On the day of the release the broadcasting company Sirius XM launched a dedicated Red Hot Chili Peppers channel Whole Lotta Red Hot featuring music videos live performances and acts that influenced the Chili Peppers 173 On June 4 the Red Hot Chili Peppers began their Global Stadium Tour 174 175 The 13th Chili Peppers album Return of the Dream Canteen recorded during the same sessions as Unlimited Love was released on October 14 176 The first single Tippa My Tongue was released in August 177 followed by The Drummer The former Chili Peppers drummer D H Peligro died at the age of 63 on October 28 2022 178 StyleThis section focuses too much on specific examples without explaining their importance to its main subject Please help improve this section by citing reliable secondary sources that evaluate and synthesize these or similar examples within a broader context May 2020 The music of the Red Hot Chili Peppers has been characterized as funk rock 179 180 181 182 alternative rock 183 184 185 funk metal 186 187 188 and rap rock 181 182 189 190 with influences from hard psychedelic and punk rock Regarding their genre Flea stated in a 2006 Guitar World interview For all the styles that have come and gone through out our career we never really aligned ourselves with any of them we were never part of any movement At one time people put us together in a category with Fishbone and Faith No More but we were always different from those bands and they were always different from us 191 The band s influences include Parliament Funkadelic Defunkt Jimi Hendrix the Misfits Black Sabbath Metallica James Brown Gang of Four Bob Marley Big Boys Bad Brains Sly and the Family Stone Ohio Players Queen Stevie Wonder Elvis Presley Deep Purple the Beach Boys Black Flag Ornette Coleman Led Zeppelin Yes 192 Fugazi Fishbone Marvin Gaye Billie Holiday Santana Elvis Costello the Stooges 193 the Clash Siouxsie and the Banshees 194 195 Devo and Miles Davis 196 Kiedis provided multiple vocal styles His primary approach up to Blood Sugar Sex Magik was spoken verse and rapping which he complemented with traditional vocals This helped the band to maintain a consistent style 197 As the group matured notably with Californication 1999 they reduced the number of rapped verses By the Way 2002 contained only two songs with a rap driven verse and melodic chorus 198 Kiedis s more recent style was developed through ongoing coaching 199 Original guitarist Slovak s style was based in blues and funk Slovak was primarily influenced by hard rock artists such as Hendrix Kiss and Led Zeppelin 200 while his playing method was based on improvisation common in funk 201 He was noted for an aggressive playing style he would often play with such force that his fingers would come apart 201 Kiedis observed that his playing evolved during his time away from the group in What Is This when Slovak adopted a more fluid style featuring sultry elements compared to his earlier hard rock techniques 202 On The Uplift Mofo Party Plan 1987 Slovak experimented with genres outside of traditional funk music including reggae and speed metal 203 His guitar riffs would often serve as the basis of the group s songs with the other members writing their parts to complement his guitar work His melodic riff featured in the song Behind the Sun inspired the group to create pretty songs with an emphasis on melody 38 Kiedis describes the song as pure Hillel inspiration 204 Slovak also used a talk box on songs such as Green Heaven and Funky Crime in which he would sing into a tube while playing to create psychedelic effects 205 Frusciante s musical style has evolved over the course of his career His guitar playing employs melody and emotion rather than virtuosity clarification needed Although virtuoso influences can be heard throughout his career he has said that he often minimizes this 206 Frusciante brought a melodic and textured sound notably on Californication By the Way and Stadium Arcadium 2006 This contrasts with his earlier abrasive approach in Mother s Milk 207 208 as well as his dry funky and more docile arrangements on Blood Sugar Sex Magik On Californication and By the Way Frusciante derived the technique of creating tonal texture through chord patterns from post punk guitarist Vini Reilly of the Durutti Column and bands such as Fugazi and the Cure 209 210 211 On By the Way he wanted people to be able to sing the lead guitar part influenced by John McGeoch of Siouxsie and the Banshees Johnny Marr of the Smiths and Bernard Sumner of Joy Division 212 He initially wanted this album to be composed of these punky rough songs drawing inspiration from early punk artists such as the Germs and the Damned However this was discouraged by producer Rick Rubin and he instead built upon Californication s melodically driven style 213 During the recording of Stadium Arcadium 2006 he moved away from his new wave influences and concentrated on emulating flashier guitar players such as Hendrix and Van Halen 214 Navarro brought his own sound to the band during his tenure with his style based on heavy metal progressive rock and psychedelia 215 Flea s bass guitar style can be considered an amalgamation of funk psychedelic punk and hard rock 216 The groove heavy melodies played through either finger picking or slapping contributed to their signature style While Flea s slap bass style was prominent in earlier albums albums after Blood Sugar Sex Magik 216 have more melodic and funk driven bass lines He has also used double stops on some newer songs Flea s bass playing has changed considerably throughout the years When he joined Fear his technique centered largely around traditional punk rock bass lines 217 However he changed this style when the Red Hot Chili Peppers formed He began to incorporate a slap bass style that drew influence largely from Bootsy Collins 218 Blood Sugar Sex Magik saw a notable shift in style as it featured none of his signature technique but focused more on traditional and melodic roots 219 His intellectual beliefs as a musician also shifted I was trying to play simply on Blood Sugar Sex Magik because I had been playing too much prior to that so I thought I ve really got to chill out and play half as many notes When you play less it s more exciting there s more room for everything If I do play something busy it stands out instead of the bass being a constant onslaught of notes Space is good 219 Drummer Smith blends rock with funk mixing metal and jazz to his beats Influences include Buddy Rich and John Bonham 220 He brought a different sound to Mother s Milk playing tight and fast In Blood Sugar Sex Magik he displays greater power He is recognized for his ghost notes his beats and his fast right foot MusicRadar put him in sixth place on their list of the 50 Greatest Drummers Of All Time 221 During their early career the Chili Peppers would often perform nude wearing only socks over their genitals this became a part of their stage persona and brought them early notoriety They retired the tradition in 2000 as they approached their forties 222 Lyrics and songwriting Early in the group s career Kiedis wrote comical songs filled with sexual innuendos and songs inspired by friendship and the band members personal experiences However after the death of his close friend and bandmate Hillel Slovak Kiedis s lyrics became much more introspective and personal as exemplified by the Mother s Milk song Knock Me Down which was dedicated to Slovak along with the Blood Sugar Sex Magik song My Lovely Man When the band recorded One Hot Minute 1995 Kiedis had turned to drugs once again which resulted in darker lyrics 223 He began to write about anguish and the self mutilating thoughts he would experience as a result of his heroin and cocaine addiction 224 225 The album also featured tributes to close friends the band lost during the recording process including Kurt Cobain on the song Tearjerker and River Phoenix on the song Transcending After witnessing Frusciante s recovery from his heroin addiction Kiedis wrote many songs inspired by rebirth and the meaning of life on Californication He was also intrigued by the life lessons that the band had learned 226 including Kiedis s experience with meeting a young mother at the YMCA who was attempting to battle her crack addiction while living with her infant daughter 82 On By the Way Kiedis was lyrically influenced by love and his girlfriend 227 Drugs also played an integral part in Kiedis s writings as he had only been sober since 2000 228 Tracks like This Is the Place and Don t Forget Me expressed his intense dislike for narcotics and the harmful physical and emotional effects they caused him Stadium Arcadium 2006 continued the themes of love and romance Kiedis stated that love and women pregnancies and marriages relationship struggles those are real and profound influences on this record And it s great because it wasn t just me writing about the fact that I m in love It was everybody in the band We were brimming with energy based on falling in love 229 I m with You 2011 again featured Kiedis writing about the loss of a close friend this time in the song Brendan s Death Song a tribute to club owner Brendan Mullen who gave the band some of their earliest shows and showed support to them throughout their career Themes within Kiedis s repertoire include love and friendship 230 231 teenage angst good time aggression 232 various sexual topics and the link between sex and music political and social commentary Native American issues in particular 233 romance 230 234 235 loneliness 236 globalization and the cons of fame and Hollywood 237 poverty drugs alcohol dealing with death and California 99 Legacy The Red Hot Chili Peppers star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame unveiled in March 2022 Influence The Red Hot Chili Peppers mix of hard rock funk and hip hop has influenced genres such as funk metal 238 rap metal 2 rap rock 239 and nu metal 240 2 AllMusic claim that in 1992 oodles of mostly horribly bad funk metal acts were following in Faith No More and the Red Hot Chili Peppers footsteps 241 Bands who have cited the Red Hot Chili Peppers as an influence include Incubus 242 Mr Bungle 243 Primus 244 Rage Against the Machine 245 System of a Down 246 247 Papa Roach 248 311 249 250 and Sugar Ray 251 The members of Korn who were formerly in the funk metal band L A P D have also cited them as an influence 252 Kiedis said the band were early to combine hardcore funk and hip hop style vocals and suggested they had influenced Limp Bizkit Kid Rock and Linkin Park 253 Smith said Certainly Anthony s singing style and voice lends itself to being unique and nobody sounds like him The cool thing about it is we can play any style of music whether it s hard and fast or loud or quiet slow or medium whatever it is rock or funk and it still sounds like us I m proud of that because sometimes bands don t have that strong personality where you go Oh that s boom right away 254 Recognition The Red Hot Chili Peppers were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame In April 2012 The induction lineup was Kiedis Flea Smith Klinghoffer Frusciante Slovak represented by his brother James Irons and Martinez Frusciante was invited but did not attend 123 Navarro and Sherman were not inducted Sherman said he felt dishonored 255 The band performed By the Way Give It Away and Higher Ground which included Irons and Martinez on drums It was the first time Kiedis and Flea had performed with Irons in more than 20 years 256 In 2003 Rolling Stone released their first list of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time with Blood Sugar Sex Magik at 310 and Californication at 399 257 In 2012 a revised list was released with Californication at 401 258 In 2020 Rolling Stone released another version of the list with Blood Sugar Sex Magik at 186 and Californication at 286 259 The band received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame on March 31 2022 George Clinton Woody Harrelson and Bob Forrest unveiled the star at the ceremony 260 261 On August 28 2022 the band received the Global Icon Award at the 2022 MTV Video Music Awards The award was presented to them by Cheech amp Chong 262 263 Public profileActivism In 1990 the Chili Peppers appeared in PSA ads for Rock the Vote a non profit organization in the United States geared toward increasing voter turnout in the United States Presidential Election among voters ages 18 to 24 264 The band was invited by the Beastie Boys and the Milarepa Fund to perform at the Tibetan Freedom Concert in June 1996 in San Francisco They also performed at the June 1998 Washington D C concert The concerts which were held worldwide were to support the cause of Tibetan independence citation needed In September 2005 the band performed Under the Bridge at the ReAct Now Music amp Relief benefit which was held to raise money for the victims of Hurricane Katrina The live event raised 30 million citation needed In July 2007 the band performed on behalf of former U S Vice President Al Gore who invited the band to perform at the London version of his Live Earth concerts which were held to raise awareness towards global warming and solving the most critical environmental issues of our time 265 The band performed a free concert in downtown Cleveland Ohio in April 2012 in support of President Obama s re election campaign The requirement for getting into the concert was agreeing to volunteer for the Obama 2012 phone bank The event quickly met its capacity limit after being announced 266 In May 2013 the band performed a concert in Portland Oregon for the Dalai Lama as part of the Dalai Lama Environmental Summit 267 268 In January 2015 they performed their first show of the new year for the Sean Penn amp Friends Help Haiti Home fundraiser in support of the J P Haitian Relief Organization 269 The band were among over 120 entertainers and celebrities to sign up and announce that they would be voting for Bernie Sanders in the 2016 presidential election in September 270 271 The band performed at a fundraiser event at the Belly Up Tavern in Solana Beach in the same month All money was donated to A Reason To Survive ARTS Heartbeat Music Academy San Diego Young Artists Music Academy and the Silverlake Conservatory of Music 272 In October Kiedis and Flea hosted the annual benefit for the Silverlake Conservatory of Music The band performed a special rare acoustic set 273 In February 2016 the band headlined a fundraiser concert in support of Sanders 274 In April they performed at a private function on behalf of Facebook and Napster founder Sean Parker for his launch of The Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy 275 Smith and Will Ferrell hosted the Red Hot Benefit Comedy Music Show amp Quinceanera in the same month The benefit featured a performance by the Chili Peppers along with comedy acts selected by Ferrell and Funny or Die A portion of the proceeds went to Ferrell s Cancer for College and Smith s Silverlake Conservatory of Music 276 In February 2018 Smith once again joined Ferrell at his One Classy Night benefit at the Moore Theater in Seattle to help raise money for Cancer for College The event raised 300 000 in college scholarship money for students who have survived cancer 277 Sexual assault In his autobiography Scar Tissue Kiedis described having sex with a 14 year old fan who was the daughter of a Louisiana police chief despite knowing her age He wrote the song Catholic School Girls Rule about the incident 278 In 1986 Kiedis dated the 16 year old Ione Skye who was below the age of consent in California 279 On 21 April 1989 Kiedis was convicted of sexual battery and indecent exposure after a concert at George Mason University in Fairfax Virginia Kiedis exposed himself and pressed his penis to a woman s face against her wishes 278 280 He was fined 1 000 on each charge 281 In 1990 Kiedis said the incident was blown way out of proportion by both the media and the prosecution and was merely a playful thing that happened backstage with no intent of harm 281 In 1990 Flea and Smith were arrested on charges of battery in Daytona Beach Florida at a spring break performance for MTV Flea was also charged with disorderly conduct and solicitation to commit an unnatural and lascivious act Flea picked up a 20 year old woman and threw her into the sand while Smith forcibly removed her bathing suit and slapped her buttocks 282 Flea allegedly demanded that she perform oral sex on him before both he and Smith were removed by security 283 Following the arrest the State University of New York at New Paltz canceled a Chili Peppers concert 281 Flea and Smith pled guilty to all charges They were each sentenced to pay a 1 000 fine plus 300 to the State Attorney s Office for prosecution costs and 5 000 to the Volusia County Rape Crisis Center and ordered to write letters of apology to the woman 284 In a 1992 Rolling Stone interview Flea said I wish I d never done it and it was a really stupid thing to do I was out of control But I did not assault anybody and it was not sexual It had nothing to do with sex 285 In 2016 the former music executive Julie Farman alleged that two members of the Red Hot Chili Peppers had pressed themselves against her and told me about all of the ways we could make a super sexy sandwich in 1990 286 MembersMain article List of Red Hot Chili Peppers band members CurrentAnthony Kiedis lead vocals 1983 present Flea Michael Balzary bass backing vocals 1983 present trumpet 1988 present piano 2011 present John Frusciante guitars backing vocals 1988 1992 1998 2009 2019 present keyboards 1998 2009 2019 present Chad Smith drums percussion 1988 present FormerHillel Slovak guitars backing vocals 1983 1985 1988 his death Jack Irons drums backing vocals 1983 1986 1988 Cliff Martinez drums 1983 1986 Jack Sherman guitars backing vocals 1983 1984 died 2020 DeWayne McKnight guitars backing vocals 1988 D H Peligro Darren Henley drums 1988 died 2022 Arik Marshall guitars backing vocals 1992 1993 Jesse Tobias guitars backing vocals 1993 Dave Navarro guitars backing vocals 1993 1998 Josh Klinghoffer guitars keyboards backing vocals 2009 2019 touring 2007 Awards and nominationsMain article List of awards and nominations received by Red Hot Chili PeppersDiscographyMain articles Red Hot Chili Peppers discography and list of recorded songs The Red Hot Chili Peppers 1984 Freaky Styley 1985 The Uplift Mofo Party Plan 1987 Mother s Milk 1989 Blood Sugar Sex Magik 1991 One Hot Minute 1995 Californication 1999 By the Way 2002 Stadium Arcadium 2006 I m with You 2011 The Getaway 2016 Unlimited Love 2022 Return of the Dream Canteen 2022 ToursRed Hot Chili Peppers 1983 Tour 1983 Red Hot Chili Peppers 1984 Tour 1984 Freaky Styley Tour 1985 1986 The Uplift Mofo Party Tour 1987 1988 Turd Town Tour 1988 Mother s Milk Tour 1989 1990 Blood Sugar Sex Magik Tour 1991 1993 Tour de La Sensitive 1994 One Hot Minute Tour 1995 1997 Californication Tour 1999 2000 Red Hot Chili Peppers 2001 Tour 2001 By the Way World Tour 2002 2003 Roll on the Red Tour 2004 Stadium Arcadium World Tour 2006 2007 I m With You World Tour 2011 2013 Red Hot Chili Peppers 2013 2014 Tour 2013 2014 The Getaway World Tour 2016 2017 Global Stadium Tour 2022 2023 See alsoList of artists who reached number one on the U S alternative rock chart List of artists who reached number one on the U S Mainstream Rock chart List of best selling music artists List of funk metal and funk rock bandsReferences Funk Metal Music Genre Overview AllMusic Archived from the original on January 31 2017 Retrieved January 11 2017 a b c d With their unique fusion of funk with hard rock and their shirtless macho posturing the Chili Peppers laid the groundwork for today s nu metal and rap metal 08 2002 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