fbpx
Wikipedia

Order of the Southern Cross

October 28, 2023

Emperor Pedro I of Brazil founded the National Order of the Southern Cross (Portuguese: Ordem Nacional do Cruzeiro do Sul) as a Brazilian order of chivalry on 1 December 1822. The order aimed to commemorate the independence of Brazil (7 September 1822) and the coronation of Pedro I (1 December 1822).[5] The name derives from the geographical position of the country, under the constellation of the Southern Cross and also in memory of the name – Terra de Santa Cruz (Land of the Holy Cross) – given to Brazil following its first arrival by Europeans in 1500.[4]

National Order of the Southern Cross
Grand Collar of the National Order of the Southern Cross
Awarded by the Government of Brazil
and the Brazilian Imperial Family
TypeNational Order and dynastic order
MottoBenemerentium Præmium[1]
EligibilityForeign nationals[2]
Awarded for"As a token of gratitude and recognition for those who have rendered significant service to the Brazilian nation."[2]
StatusCurrently awarded
FounderPedro I of Brazil
Grand MasterThe President of Brazil[3] (the national order)
ChancellorThe Minister of Foreign Affairs[3]
GradesGrand Collar
Grand Cross
Grand Officer
Commander
Officer
Knight
Statistics
First inductionDecember 1, 1822[4]

Ribbon bar of the National Order of the Southern Cross

Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of the Cross.

History Edit

Originally known as the Imperial Order of the Cross (Portuguese: Ordem Imperial do Cruzeiro), the Order was created by Emperor Pedro I on the day of his Coronation, 1 December 1822. Also on the same date the first knights of the order were appointed, to commemorate the crowning of the Empire's first monarch. After the proclamation of the independence of Brazil on 7 September 1822 other honorific awards had been made, but of the Orders of chivalry shared with Portugal, Brazilian branches of which had been created upon independence; the Order of the Cross, created to mark the Coronation of the Empire's founder, was thus also the first purely Brazilian Order.

After the fall of the monarchy, Brazil's first republican Constitution, enacted on 24 February 1891, abolished all titles of nobility and all Imperial Orders and decorations.[4] The Order was later re-established by the government of Getúlio Vargas on December 5, 1932, as the National Order of the Southern Cross.[4]

 
The Grand Coat of Arms of the Empire of Brazil displayed the badge of the Imperial Order of the Cross suspended from a blue necklet.

During the Old Republic period (from the Proclamation of the Republic until the Revolution of 1930), National Orders did not exist and the Brazilian State bestowed only military medals.[6] Restored in 1932, the Order of the Southern Cross was the first Order to be created in the re-established, republican honours system. It is considered the senior Brazilian National Order.

During the Imperial period, the Order of the Southern Cross was not the highest ranking of the Imperial Orders, as it ranked below the Brazilian branches of the ancient orders of chivalry, that originated with Portugal: the Order of Christ (the senior-most Order), the Order of Saint Benedict of Aviz and the Order of St. James of the Sword. Those Orders were shared by Brazil and Portugal; the Order of Christ was shared with the Holy See similar to the Austrian and a Spanish Orders of the Golden Fleece. However among the Brazilian created Orders, the Imperial Order of the Cross ranked first, having higher status than the Imperial Order of Pedro I and the Imperial Order of the Rose.

The Imperial Order of the Cross continues to be used by both branches of the Brazilian Imperial Family as a House Order, awarded by the rival claimants to the position of Head of the Imperial Family, but such awards are not recognized by the Republic of Brazil.

Just like the Emperors of Brazil were ex officio Grand Masters of the Imperial Order, Presidents of Brazil are ex officio Grand Masters of the successor National Order. Accordingly, President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva is the Order's current Grand Master.

Criteria Edit

 
Pedro I, first Emperor of Brazil, founder and first Grand Master of the Order, wearing the Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of the Cross (then the Order's highest rank) among other orders.
 
Archduchess Maria Leopoldina of Austria, Empress consort of Brazil, wears the insignia of the Imperial Order of the Cross and other orders.
 
Emperor Pedro II of Brazil, Grand Master of the Order, wearing the Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of the Cross. The portrait displays both the star of the Order and the sash of a Knight Grand Cross.

Unlike the Imperial Order, that was awarded to Brazilians and foreigners alike, the republican National Order is awarded to foreigners only. When the Order was re-established in by presidential decree on January 13, 1932,[7] it was restricted to foreigners only with the stipulation that all awards of the Order constitute an act of foreign relations on the part of the Brazilian Government.[8]

 
Queen Maria II of Portugal, eldest daughter of Pedro I of Brazil and sister of Pedro II, wearing the Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of the Cross and other orders.

Brazilians were excluded deliberately. In the Old Republic, the State regarded Orders and decorations as contrary to the principles of republicanism, and thus maintained no honours system; the creation of an Order that would admit Brazilians to its ranks was a step too far. However, the Brazilian State also resented the lack of a decoration with which to honour foreign dignitaries, as is sometimes almost required by diplomatic protocol. For instance, during the celebrations of the Centennial of Brazilian Independence in 1922, several foreign dignitaries, including the King and Queen of the Belgians, came to Brazil for the celebrations. The King of the Belgians bestowed Belgian honours to some Brazilians. Brazilian nationals needed authorization from the Government to accept foreign titles of honour, or else face loss of citizenship, and under normal circumstances permission for the acceptance of appointment to Orders of Chivalry would not have been granted. While the government of Brazil relaxed its practice and authorized both accepting induction into foreign Orders and the wearing of foreign insignia, it lacked any decorations with which to reciprocate the Belgian gesture. The National Order of the Southern Cross was intended as an Order that would fill that gap. Today, accepting foreign honours and insignia without the need of prior Government approval is allowed, and several Brazilian Orders have been established to which Brazilians may be admitted, starting with the National Order of Merit (Ordem Nacional do Mérito), created in 1946. Even so, the governing statutes of the National Order of the Southern Cross have never been reformed, and it thus remains unavailable to Brazilians. Paradoxically, therefore, the Order's Grand Master — the sitting President of the Republic — is never a member of the Order he or she oversees, and the President's connection with the Order is severed once the President leaves office.

The Decree that re-created the Order (Decree 22.165, signed by Vargas on 5 December 1932) does not mention the creation of a new Order, but the reestablishment of the old Order of the Southern Cross, that had been "created upon the advent of the political independence of Brazil". This was done to improve the prestige of the Order by linking it with the past, that is, by associating it with an Order that had been created more than one century earlier.[9]

In 1932, the republican version of the Order had the same five grades as the old imperial version. In 1939, by a statute issued on 17 July of that year, the additional grade of the Grand Collar was created.[10] Until the creation of the Grand Collar, awards of which are restricted to Heads of State, the Grand Cross was the Order's highest rank.

Awards of, and promotions in, the National Order of the Southern Cross are made by decree of the President of the Republic, in his capacity as the Order's Grand Master. The decree of appointment or promotion is, like all presidential decrees, published in the Federal Government's Official Journal, and, as per the Order's regulations, the appointment or promotion is also recorded in a book kept by the Order's secretary.

The Brazilian Minister of Foreign Relations serves as the Chancellor of the Order, and an officer of the Ministry of Foreign Relations that heads the ceremonial and protocol division serves as the Secretary to the Order. The Order also has a Council, chaired by its Chancellor, that recommends awards and promotions.

Classes Edit

 
Empress Teresa Cristina of Brazil wearing the Sash of a Dame Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of the Cross, with the badge of the Order suspended from the sash.
 
The Marquis of Olinda, regent and Prime Minister of the Empire of Brazil wearing the Grand Cross and sash of the Order

Under its current regulations, the Order consists of the Grand Master and six Classes of members:[11]

  • Grand Collar: the recipient wears the adorned "Grand Collar", a chain from which the badge of the order is suspended. The recipient is also allowed to combine the wearing of the Grand Collar with any of the following insignia, or with both: the "Star" of the Order (a plaque modelled after the badge of the Order, to be worn on the left breast); and the Sash of the Order, that is proper to those of Grand Cross rank (a light blue sash, to be worn on the right shoulder). Awards of the Grand Collar are restricted to foreign Heads of State.
  • Grand Cross: the recipient wears the Sash of the Order, and the badge of the Order hangs from the bottom part of that sash (given that the sash is worn on the right shoulder, the badge hangs close to the left leg, by the waist line). The recipient further wears the "star" of the Order, displayed on the left breast.
  • Grand Officer: the recipient wears the badge of the Order around the neck suspended from a blue ribbon necklet, and the star of the order is displayed on the left breast.
  • Commander: the recipient wears the badge of the order around the neck, suspended from a blue ribbon necklet.
  • Officer: the recipient wears the badge of the Order on left breast suspended from a ribbon with a rosette.
  • Knight: the recipient wears the badge of the Order on the left breast suspended from a simple ribbon.
Ribbon bars
 
Knight
 
Officer
 
Commander
 
Grand Officer
 
Grand Cross
 
Grand Collar

Notable recipients Edit

Foreigners Edit

 
Queen Elizabeth II displays the "Grand Collar" and star of the National Order of the Southern Cross, March 2006

among others

Brazilians Edit

among others

Cities Edit

Recipients by class

References Edit

  1. ^ Ordem Nacional do Cruzeiro do Sul 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine Banco Central do Brasil. Retrieved on 2010-10-10. (in Portuguese).
  2. ^ a b National Order of the Southern Cross Medal-Medaille. Retrieved on 2010-10-10.
  3. ^ a b Condecorações: Cruizeiro do Sul – Conselho 2012-03-11 at the Wayback Machine Ministério das Relações Exteriores. Retrieved on 2010-10-10. (in Portuguese).
  4. ^ a b c d Condecorações: Cruizeiro do Sul – Histórico 2010-09-02 at the Wayback Machine Ministério das Relações Exteriores. Retrieved on 2010-10-10. (in Portuguese).
  5. ^ White, William. Notes and queries, Volume 78. London: 1888, p. 173.
  6. ^ Even the short-lived republican Ordem de Colombo (Order of Columbus) that had been established by the Provisional Government of the Republic as a replacement to the Imperial Orders, was abolished when Congress promulgated Brazil's first republican Constitution on 24 February 1891, declaring all Orders abolished and stating that the Republic would maintain no Orders. Only after the 1891 Constitution had ceased to operate due to the 1930 Revolution was a republican honours system created, beginning with the recreation of the Order of the Southern Cross in 1932.
  7. ^ . Archived from the original on 2011-07-18.
  8. ^ . Archived from the original on 2010-09-02. Retrieved 2010-10-10.
  9. ^ http://www6.senado.gov.br/legislacao/ListaTextoIntegral.action?id=26254[permanent dead link] Decree that "Reestablishes the National Order of the Southern Cross".
  10. ^ "Portal da Câmara dos Deputados".
  11. ^ Condecorações: Cruizeiro do Sul – Regulamento Ministério das Relações Exteriores. Retrieved on 2010-10-10. (in Portuguese).
  12. ^ da Silva, Luiz Inácio Lula [@LulaOficial] (22 April 2023). "Reunião com o presidente de Portugal, Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa. Condecorei o amigo com a Ordem do Cruzeiro do Sul, uma comenda que nosso país atribui a personalidades estrangeiras" (Tweet) (in Brazilian Portuguese) – via Twitter.
  13. ^ a b c d e "Bolsonaro condecora líderes do Oriente Médio antes de viagem à região". UOL. 12 November 2021.
  14. ^ "17/11/2021 - Reunião Ampliada | (Doha - Qatar, 17/11/2021) P… | Flickr". 17 November 2021.
  15. ^ "Bolsonaro recebe presidente da Colômbia no Palácio do Planalto nesta terça-feira". 19 October 2021.
  16. ^ "DSC_7871 | Almoço em homenagem ao Excelentíssimo Senhor Iván… | Flickr". 19 October 2021.
  17. ^ "Governo brasileiro condecora ex-premiê Abe e vice-premiê Aso em Tóquio". Retrieved 9 July 2022.
  18. ^ "Shinzo Abe e Taro Aso são condecorados pelo Brasil". Retrieved 9 July 2022.
  19. ^ . Archived from the original on 2018-12-29.
  20. ^ "About Sukyo Mahikari｜Sukyo Mahikari".
  21. ^ "Temer e Horácio Cartes reafirmam decisão de suspender Venezuela do Mercosul". Agência Brasil. 21 August 2017. Retrieved 22 August 2017.
  22. ^ "Diário Oficial da União". 13 April 2017. Retrieved 21 August 2017.
  23. ^ "Brazil and Argentina agree to move closer to Pacific Alliance". Agência Brasil. 7 February 2017. Retrieved 12 February 2017.
  24. ^ Ministério das Relações Exteriores - Decreto de 1º de Fevereiro de 2016. Published by Imprensa Nacional in Section 1 of the Diário Oficial da União on February 2, 2016. ISSN 1677-7042.
  25. ^ . www.losandes.com.ar. Archived from the original on 2015-07-22.
  26. ^ Ministério das Relações Exteriores - Decreto de 11 de Dezembro de 2015. Published by Imprensa Nacional in Section 1 of Diário Oficial da União of December 14, 2015. ISSN 1677-7042.
  27. ^ "Otorga Peña Orden del Águila Azteca a Rousseff; recibe la Cruz del Sur". Quadratin (in Spanish). 26 May 2015.
  28. ^ . www.telam.com.ar. Archived from the original on 2014-05-17.
  29. ^ . Archived from the original on 2013-05-13. Retrieved 2013-05-02.
  30. ^ . 19 December 2012. Archived from the original on 5 January 2018. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  31. ^ Presidente Dilma é condecorada com a mais alta ordem da Bulgária 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine GazetaOnline. Retrieved on 2011-10-05. (in Portuguese).
  32. ^ "EBC".
  33. ^ . Archived from the original on 13 April 2012. Retrieved 9 February 2017.
  34. ^ "G1 > Mundo - NOTÍCIAS - Lula e Sarkozy reforçarão associação militar entre França e Brasil".
  35. ^ United States Department of State
  36. ^ "Pág. 7. Seção 1. Diário Oficial da União (DOU) de 06 de Setembro de 2007". 5 September 2007. Retrieved 21 February 2017.
  37. ^ a b "6280020 - Search".
  38. ^ a b DECRETO DE 3 DE DEZEMBRO DE 2007 - website JusBrasil
  39. ^ . FAO website. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). July 2007. Archived from the original on 2009-05-18. Retrieved 2009-09-26.
  40. ^ "Chairman James Hurlock and Founder James Sherwood to Retire from Orient-Express Board of Directors" (Press release).
  41. ^ "Diário Oficial da União". 19 March 2003. Retrieved 9 February 2017.
  42. ^ a b "Diário Oficial da União". 7 October 2003. Retrieved 9 February 2017.
  43. ^ . www.japantimes.co.jp. Archived from the original on 21 April 2003. Retrieved 11 January 2022.
  44. ^ . News releases. Nettie Lee Benson Latin American Collection, University of Texas. April 10, 2003. Archived from the original on June 30, 2016. Retrieved 2009-09-26.
  45. ^ "Diário Oficial da União". 28 October 2002. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  46. ^ "Diário Oficial da União". 17 April 2002. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
  47. ^ "UOL - Brasil Online - FHC condecora Fujimori e se reúne com empresários 22/07/99 10h07".
  48. ^ . Archived from the original on 2015-08-13.
  49. ^ . 18 September 2013. Archived from the original on 6 August 2020. Retrieved 2 March 2015.
  50. ^ "Ricardo Salgado: O banqueiro há mais tempo no ativo".
  51. ^ "Folha de S.Paulo - Rei chama de querido FHC - 19/05/98".
  52. ^ "Diário Oficial". 29 July 1996. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
  53. ^ "A maldição do amianto". 6 January 2014.
  54. ^ . Cabinet of the President of the Republic of Suriname (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 2006-11-02. Retrieved 2006-11-02.
  55. ^ "State Decorations". Retrieved 9 February 2017.
  56. ^ "Curriculum Vitae | Daisaku Ikeda Website".
  57. ^ "Viagem do PR Geisel à França" (PDF). Retrieved 19 January 2019.
  58. ^ "Brazilian President Emilio Garrastazu Medici decorates Bolivian".
  59. ^ a b "Armstrong lembrou Dumont como pioneiro da aviação". Estadão. 26 August 2012. Retrieved 2 September 2018.
  60. ^ "Ressaltada a amizade frança–brasil". Correio da Manhã. 14 October 1964. Retrieved 2 April 2017.
  61. ^ "Special feature | Fifty years later, remembering a golden album by Stan Getz and Charlie Byrd -". 22 February 2012.
  62. ^ a b . Archived from the original on 2012-12-08.
  63. ^ "Janio condecora Guevara". Folha de S. Paulo. 20 August 1961. Retrieved 2010-08-24.
  64. ^ อาจศึก ดวงสว่าง. การพัฒนาลิกไนท์ในประเทศไทย. 2507
  65. ^ "Mala Diplomática". Correio da Manhã. 4 May 1956. Retrieved 16 February 2017.
  66. ^ "Viagem do Presidente Geisel ao Japão". September 1976. Retrieved 15 May 2018.
  67. ^ . Archived from the original on 2015-04-02. Retrieved 2015-03-02.
  68. ^ "Condecorada com a Ordem Nacional do Mérito a Senhora Eva Peron". A Noite. 23 April 1952. Retrieved 30 December 2018.
  69. ^ Avenius, Sheldon H. Jr. (April 1967). "Charles Lyon Chandler: A Forgotten Man of Inter-American Cultural Relations". Journal of Inter-American Studies. 9 (2): 169–183. doi:10.2307/165091.
  70. ^ Ira C. Eaker#Awards and decorations
  71. ^ "Condecorados com a Ordem do Cruzeiro do Sul". O Imparcial. 11 February 1940. Retrieved 21 March 2017.
  72. ^ My Life, by Jean Batten, George G. Harrap & Co. Ltd., 1938
  73. ^ Burke's Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage, Burke's Peerage Ltd, 1910, p. 12
  74. ^ Stewart, Charles Samuel, Brazil and La Plata, the personal record of a cruise, p. 335
  75. ^ (PDF). Revista Navigator. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 April 2020. Retrieved 9 February 2018.
  76. ^ "Governo condecora colombianos que resgataram vítimas da Chapecoense". 16 December 2016.

External links Edit

 
Wikisource has the text of a 1905 New International Encyclopedia article about "Order of the Southern Cross".

October 28, 2023
order, southern, cross, emperor, pedro, brazil, founded, national, portuguese, ordem, nacional, cruzeiro, brazilian, order, chivalry, december, 1822, order, aimed, commemorate, independence, brazil, september, 1822, coronation, pedro, december, 1822, name, der. Emperor Pedro I of Brazil founded the National Order of the Southern Cross Portuguese Ordem Nacional do Cruzeiro do Sul as a Brazilian order of chivalry on 1 December 1822 The order aimed to commemorate the independence of Brazil 7 September 1822 and the coronation of Pedro I 1 December 1822 5 The name derives from the geographical position of the country under the constellation of the Southern Cross and also in memory of the name Terra de Santa Cruz Land of the Holy Cross given to Brazil following its first arrival by Europeans in 1500 4 National Order of the Southern CrossGrand Collar of the National Order of the Southern CrossAwarded by the Government of Braziland the Brazilian Imperial FamilyTypeNational Order and dynastic orderMottoBenemerentium Praemium 1 EligibilityForeign nationals 2 Awarded for As a token of gratitude and recognition for those who have rendered significant service to the Brazilian nation 2 StatusCurrently awardedFounderPedro I of BrazilGrand MasterThe President of Brazil 3 the national order ChancellorThe Minister of Foreign Affairs 3 GradesGrand CollarGrand CrossGrand OfficerCommanderOfficerKnightStatisticsFirst inductionDecember 1 1822 4 Ribbon bar of the National Order of the Southern CrossGrand Cross of the Imperial Order of the Cross Contents 1 History 2 Criteria 3 Classes 4 Notable recipients 4 1 Foreigners 4 2 Brazilians 4 3 Cities 5 References 6 External linksHistory EditOriginally known as the Imperial Order of the Cross Portuguese Ordem Imperial do Cruzeiro the Order was created by Emperor Pedro I on the day of his Coronation 1 December 1822 Also on the same date the first knights of the order were appointed to commemorate the crowning of the Empire s first monarch After the proclamation of the independence of Brazil on 7 September 1822 other honorific awards had been made but of the Orders of chivalry shared with Portugal Brazilian branches of which had been created upon independence the Order of the Cross created to mark the Coronation of the Empire s founder was thus also the first purely Brazilian Order After the fall of the monarchy Brazil s first republican Constitution enacted on 24 February 1891 abolished all titles of nobility and all Imperial Orders and decorations 4 The Order was later re established by the government of Getulio Vargas on December 5 1932 as the National Order of the Southern Cross 4 nbsp The Grand Coat of Arms of the Empire of Brazil displayed the badge of the Imperial Order of the Cross suspended from a blue necklet During the Old Republic period from the Proclamation of the Republic until the Revolution of 1930 National Orders did not exist and the Brazilian State bestowed only military medals 6 Restored in 1932 the Order of the Southern Cross was the first Order to be created in the re established republican honours system It is considered the senior Brazilian National Order During the Imperial period the Order of the Southern Cross was not the highest ranking of the Imperial Orders as it ranked below the Brazilian branches of the ancient orders of chivalry that originated with Portugal the Order of Christ the senior most Order the Order of Saint Benedict of Aviz and the Order of St James of the Sword Those Orders were shared by Brazil and Portugal the Order of Christ was shared with the Holy See similar to the Austrian and a Spanish Orders of the Golden Fleece However among the Brazilian created Orders the Imperial Order of the Cross ranked first having higher status than the Imperial Order of Pedro I and the Imperial Order of the Rose The Imperial Order of the Cross continues to be used by both branches of the Brazilian Imperial Family as a House Order awarded by the rival claimants to the position of Head of the Imperial Family but such awards are not recognized by the Republic of Brazil Just like the Emperors of Brazil were ex officio Grand Masters of the Imperial Order Presidents of Brazil are ex officio Grand Masters of the successor National Order Accordingly President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva is the Order s current Grand Master Criteria Edit nbsp Pedro I first Emperor of Brazil founder and first Grand Master of the Order wearing the Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of the Cross then the Order s highest rank among other orders nbsp Archduchess Maria Leopoldina of Austria Empress consort of Brazil wears the insignia of the Imperial Order of the Cross and other orders nbsp Emperor Pedro II of Brazil Grand Master of the Order wearing the Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of the Cross The portrait displays both the star of the Order and the sash of a Knight Grand Cross Unlike the Imperial Order that was awarded to Brazilians and foreigners alike the republican National Order is awarded to foreigners only When the Order was re established in by presidential decree on January 13 1932 7 it was restricted to foreigners only with the stipulation that all awards of the Order constitute an act of foreign relations on the part of the Brazilian Government 8 nbsp Queen Maria II of Portugal eldest daughter of Pedro I of Brazil and sister of Pedro II wearing the Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of the Cross and other orders Brazilians were excluded deliberately In the Old Republic the State regarded Orders and decorations as contrary to the principles of republicanism and thus maintained no honours system the creation of an Order that would admit Brazilians to its ranks was a step too far However the Brazilian State also resented the lack of a decoration with which to honour foreign dignitaries as is sometimes almost required by diplomatic protocol For instance during the celebrations of the Centennial of Brazilian Independence in 1922 several foreign dignitaries including the King and Queen of the Belgians came to Brazil for the celebrations The King of the Belgians bestowed Belgian honours to some Brazilians Brazilian nationals needed authorization from the Government to accept foreign titles of honour or else face loss of citizenship and under normal circumstances permission for the acceptance of appointment to Orders of Chivalry would not have been granted While the government of Brazil relaxed its practice and authorized both accepting induction into foreign Orders and the wearing of foreign insignia it lacked any decorations with which to reciprocate the Belgian gesture The National Order of the Southern Cross was intended as an Order that would fill that gap Today accepting foreign honours and insignia without the need of prior Government approval is allowed and several Brazilian Orders have been established to which Brazilians may be admitted starting with the National Order of Merit Ordem Nacional do Merito created in 1946 Even so the governing statutes of the National Order of the Southern Cross have never been reformed and it thus remains unavailable to Brazilians Paradoxically therefore the Order s Grand Master the sitting President of the Republic is never a member of the Order he or she oversees and the President s connection with the Order is severed once the President leaves office The Decree that re created the Order Decree 22 165 signed by Vargas on 5 December 1932 does not mention the creation of a new Order but the reestablishment of the old Order of the Southern Cross that had been created upon the advent of the political independence of Brazil This was done to improve the prestige of the Order by linking it with the past that is by associating it with an Order that had been created more than one century earlier 9 In 1932 the republican version of the Order had the same five grades as the old imperial version In 1939 by a statute issued on 17 July of that year the additional grade of the Grand Collar was created 10 Until the creation of the Grand Collar awards of which are restricted to Heads of State the Grand Cross was the Order s highest rank Awards of and promotions in the National Order of the Southern Cross are made by decree of the President of the Republic in his capacity as the Order s Grand Master The decree of appointment or promotion is like all presidential decrees published in the Federal Government s Official Journal and as per the Order s regulations the appointment or promotion is also recorded in a book kept by the Order s secretary The Brazilian Minister of Foreign Relations serves as the Chancellor of the Order and an officer of the Ministry of Foreign Relations that heads the ceremonial and protocol division serves as the Secretary to the Order The Order also has a Council chaired by its Chancellor that recommends awards and promotions Classes Edit nbsp Empress Teresa Cristina of Brazil wearing the Sash of a Dame Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of the Cross with the badge of the Order suspended from the sash nbsp The Marquis of Olinda regent and Prime Minister of the Empire of Brazil wearing the Grand Cross and sash of the OrderUnder its current regulations the Order consists of the Grand Master and six Classes of members 11 Grand Collar the recipient wears the adorned Grand Collar a chain from which the badge of the order is suspended The recipient is also allowed to combine the wearing of the Grand Collar with any of the following insignia or with both the Star of the Order a plaque modelled after the badge of the Order to be worn on the left breast and the Sash of the Order that is proper to those of Grand Cross rank a light blue sash to be worn on the right shoulder Awards of the Grand Collar are restricted to foreign Heads of State Grand Cross the recipient wears the Sash of the Order and the badge of the Order hangs from the bottom part of that sash given that the sash is worn on the right shoulder the badge hangs close to the left leg by the waist line The recipient further wears the star of the Order displayed on the left breast Grand Officer the recipient wears the badge of the Order around the neck suspended from a blue ribbon necklet and the star of the order is displayed on the left breast Commander the recipient wears the badge of the order around the neck suspended from a blue ribbon necklet Officer the recipient wears the badge of the Order on left breast suspended from a ribbon with a rosette Knight the recipient wears the badge of the Order on the left breast suspended from a simple ribbon Ribbon bars nbsp Knight nbsp Officer nbsp Commander nbsp Grand Officer nbsp Grand Cross nbsp Grand CollarNotable recipients EditForeigners Edit nbsp Queen Elizabeth II displays the Grand Collar and star of the National Order of the Southern Cross March 20062023 nbsp Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa President of Portugal 12 2021 nbsp Hamad Bin Isa Al Khalifa King of Bahrain 13 2021 nbsp Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani Emir of Qatar 13 14 2021 nbsp Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan President of the United Arab Emirates and Ruler of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi 13 2021 nbsp Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum Emir of Dubai 13 2021 nbsp Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan President of the United Arab Emirates 13 2021 nbsp Ivan Duque President of Colombia 15 16 2020 nbsp Taro Aso Prime Minister of Japan 2020 nbsp Shinzo Abe Prime Minister of Japan 17 18 2018 nbsp Benjamin Netanyahu Prime Minister of Israel 19 2017 nbsp Okada Kōō Spiritual leader of Sukyo Mahikari 20 2017 nbsp Horacio Cartes President of Paraguay 21 2017 nbsp Stefan Zweig novelist playwright journalist and biographer posthumous award 22 2017 nbsp Mauricio Macri President of Argentina 23 2016 nbsp Rosen Plevneliev President of Bulgaria 24 2015 nbsp Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner President of Argentina 25 2015 nbsp Enrique Pena Nieto President of Mexico 26 27 2014 nbsp Julio de Vido politician 28 2013 nbsp Jose Antonio Abreu pianist 29 2012 nbsp Emmanuel Macron later President of France 30 2011 nbsp Georgi Parvanov President of Bulgaria 31 2011 nbsp Maria Angela Holguin Minister of Foreign Affairs of Colombia 32 2010 nbsp Bashar al Assad President of Syria 2010 nbsp Michel Suleiman President of Lebanon 33 2009 nbsp Nicolas Sarkozy President of France 34 2009 nbsp Arturo Valenzuela Assistant Secretary of State for Western Hemisphere Affairs 35 2007 nbsp Anders Fogh Rasmussen Prime Minister of Denmark 36 2007 nbsp Carl XVI Gustaf King of Sweden 37 2007 nbsp Silvia Sommerlath Queen consort of Sweden 37 2007 nbsp Henri Grand Duke of Luxembourg 38 2007 nbsp Maria Teresa Grand Duchess consort of Luxembourg 38 2006 nbsp Jacques Diouf diplomat 39 2004 nbsp James Sherwood businessman 40 2004 nbsp Mohammed VI King of Morocco 2003 nbsp Beatrix Queen of the Netherlands 41 2003 nbsp Harald V King of Norway 42 2003 nbsp Sonja Haraldsen Queen consort of Norway 42 2003 nbsp Yasuo Tanaka governor of Nagano 43 2003 nbsp Ann Hartness scholar 44 2002 nbsp Ismael Crespo Professor at the University of Murcia Murcia Spain 45 2002 nbsp Aleksander Kwasniewski President of Poland 46 1999 nbsp Alberto Fujimori President of Peru 47 1999 nbsp Albert Fishlow professor 48 1999 nbsp Giovanni Sartori political scientist 49 1998 nbsp Ricardo Salgado banker 50 1998 nbsp Manuel Fraga president of Galicia 51 1996 nbsp Jacques Chirac President of France 52 1996 nbsp Antonio Guterres Prime Minister of Portugal 1996 nbsp Stephan Schmidheiny entrepreneur 53 1995 nbsp Ronald Venetiaan President of Suriname 54 1991 nbsp Sofia of Spain Queen consort of Spain 1991 nbsp Juan Carlos I King of Spain 1990 nbsp Vaclav Havel President of Czechoslovakia 55 1990 nbsp Daisaku Ikeda president of the Soka Gakkai 56 1987 nbsp Mario Soares President of Portugal 1984 nbsp Kiyoshi Sumiya Ambassador of Japan 1978 nbsp Charles Prince of Wales later Charles III King of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms 1976 nbsp Masayoshi Ōhira Finance Minister of Japan 1976 nbsp Valery Giscard d Estaing President of France 57 1975 nbsp Nicolae Ceausescu President of Romania 1974 nbsp Margrethe II Queen of Denmark 1972 nbsp Hugo Banzer President of Bolivia 58 1972 nbsp Alexander II Karađorđevic Crown Prince of Yugoslavia 1969 nbsp Neil Armstrong astronaut 59 1969 nbsp Michael Collins astronaut 59 1968 nbsp Elizabeth II Queen of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms 1965 nbsp Mohammad Reza Pahlavi Shah of Iran 1964 nbsp Charles de Gaulle President of France 60 1964 nbsp Felix Grant radio presenter 61 1963 nbsp Blaze Koneski writer 62 1963 nbsp Ivan Rukavina Army general 62 1963 nbsp Josip Broz Tito President of Yugoslavia 1962 nbsp Prince Philip Duke of Edinburgh consort of the British monarch 1961 nbsp Che Guevara revolutionary 63 1961 nbsp Yuri Gagarin cosmonaut 1960 nbsp Sarit Thanarat Prime Minister of Thailand 64 1960 nbsp Bhumibol Adulyadej King of Thailand 1958 nbsp Haile Selassie Emperor of Ethiopia 1956 nbsp David Rockefeller banker 65 1956 nbsp Sukarno President of Indonesia 1955 nbsp Hirohito Emperor of Japan 66 1954 nbsp Dwight D Eisenhower Supreme Commander WWII President of the United States 1954 nbsp Vera Weizmann wife of Chaim Weizmann the first President of Israel 1952 nbsp Helen Keller activist 67 1952 nbsp Eva Peron First Lady of Argentina 68 1946 nbsp Nelson Rockefeller as Assistant Secretary of State for American Republic Affairs later U S Vice President 1944 nbsp Charles Lyon Chandler historian 69 1944 nbsp Chiang Kai shek Chairman of the National Government of China 1944 nbsp Ira C Eaker general of the United States Army Air Forces 70 1944 nbsp Douglas Fairbanks Jr Naval officer 1940 nbsp Eleazar Lopez Contreras President of Venezuela 71 1940 nbsp Robert B Williams pilot 72 1940 nbsp Conrad Carel Kayser Marine officer and explorer 1935 nbsp Jean Batten aviator 73 1933 nbsp Edward Prince of Wales later Edward VIII King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions Emperor of India 1884 nbsp Nicholas II Emperor of Russia 1878 nbsp Wilhem II German Emperor and King of Prussia 1873 nbsp Carlos I King of Portugal and the Algarves 1871 nbsp Albert Edward Prince of Wales later Edward VII King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions Emperor of India 74 1867 nbsp Prince Alfred Duke of Saxe Coburg and Gotha 1866 nbsp Alexander III Emperor of Russia 1865 nbsp Maximilian I Emperor of Mexico 1864 nbsp Gaston Count of Eu French prince 1861 nbsp Luis I King of Portugal and the Algarves 1855 nbsp Pedro V King of Portugal and the Algarves 1852 nbsp Domingo Faustino Sarmiento President of Argentina 1848 nbsp Isabella II Queen of Spain 1838 nbsp Fernando II King of Portugal and the Algarves 1830 nbsp Francis II amp I Holy Roman Emperor and Emperor of Austria 1830 nbsp Marie Louise Duchess of Parma former Empress of the French 1830 nbsp Domingos Sequeira artist 1826 nbsp John Pascoe Grenfell admiral 75 1826 nbsp Maria II Queen of Portugal and the Algarves 1823 nbsp Thomas Cochrane 10th Earl of Dundonald admiral 76 among others Brazilians Edit 1888 nbsp Afonso Celso Viscount of Ouro Preto Prime Minister of Brazil 1876 nbsp Jose Paranhos Baron of Rio Branco Diplomat 1870 nbsp Jose Paranhos Viscount of Rio Branco Prime Minister of Brazil 1866 nbsp Francisco Manuel Barroso Baron of Amazonas Admiral 1870 nbsp Deodoro da Fonseca Marshal 1869 nbsp Manuel Luis Osorio Marquis of Erval Marshal 1852 nbsp Manuel Marques de Sousa Count of Porto Alegre Lieutenant general 1841 nbsp Luis Alves de Lima e Silva Duke of Caxias Marshal 1841 nbsp Honorio Hermeto Carneiro Leao Marquis of Parana Prime Minister of Brazil 1837 nbsp Pedro de Araujo Lima Marquis of Olinda Regent of the Empire 1824 nbsp Carlos Frederico Lecor Viscount of Laguna Governor of the Cisplatina province among others Cities Edit 2016 nbsp Medellin Honorable support due LaMia Flight 2933 accident 77 Recipients by classGrand Collars Akihito Bashar al Assad List of titles and honours of Beatrix of the Netherlands Andrew Bertie Felipe Calderon Carl XVI Gustaf Jacques Chirac Francesco Cossiga List of titles and honours of Elizabeth II Charles de Gaulle Valery Giscard d Estaing Haile Selassie Harald V of Norway Vaclav Havel Henri Grand Duke of Luxembourg Theodor Heuss List of titles and honours of Juan Carlos I of Spain Juliana of the Netherlands Aleksander Kwasniewski Mauricio Macri Margrethe II of Denmark Mohammed VI of Morocco Mohammad Reza Pahlavi Enrique Pena Nieto Rosen Plevneliev Mario Soares Ronald Venetiaan Grand Crosses Prince Adalbert of Prussia 1811 1873 Archduke Albrecht Duke of Teschen Prince Albert Victor Duke of Clarence and Avondale Alexander III of Russia Alfred Duke of Saxe Coburg and Gotha Luis Alves de Lima e Silva Duke of Caxias Amha Selassie Henry H Arnold Prince August Leopold of Saxe Coburg and Gotha Prince August of Saxe Coburg and Gotha Jan Peter Balkenende Baudouin of Belgium Maximilian de Beauharnais 3rd Duke of Leuchtenberg Prince Oscar Bernadotte Prince Bernhard of Lippe Biesterfeld Friedrich Ferdinand von Beust Carlos I of Portugal Maria Cavaco Silva Archduke Charles Duke of Teschen List of titles and honours of Charles Prince of Wales Carlo Azeglio Ciampi Constantine Prince of Hohenzollern Hechingen Rohan Daluwatte Aida Desta Fernando de Quintanilha e Mendonca Dias Jacques Diouf Edward VIII Dwight D Eisenhower Ferdinand I of Austria Ferdinand II of Portugal Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner Francis II Holy Roman Emperor Francois d Orleans Prince of Joinville Waclaw Frankowski Archduke Franz Karl of Austria Frederick III German Emperor Frederik Crown Prince of Denmark Gaston Count of Eu Che Guevara Gustaf V Gustaf VI Adolf Antonio Guterres Haakon Crown Prince of Norway Walter Hallstein Tarja Halonen Sir Arthur Harris Henri Grand Duke of Luxembourg Henrik Prince Consort of Denmark Hirohito Ja afar of Negeri Sembilan Prince Joachim of Denmark Jacek Junosza Kisielewski Karl Anton Prince of Hohenzollern Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria Thanat Khoman Knud Hereditary Prince of Denmark Konstantin of Hohenlohe Schillingsfurst Francois Lefebvre de Laboulaye Curtis LeMay Leopold I of Belgium Prince Leopold Duke of Albany Charles de Limburg Stirum Erling Lorentzen Prince Ludwig August of Saxe Coburg and Gotha Luis I of Portugal Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva Maria II of Portugal Maria Teresa Grand Duchess of Luxembourg Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark Mary Crown Princess of Denmark Queen Maxima of the Netherlands Maximilian I of Mexico Mette Marit Crown Princess of Norway Miguel I of Portugal Napoleon III Nicholas II of Russia Oscar II Georgi Parvanov Pedro V of Portugal Prince Pedro Augusto of Saxe Coburg and Gotha Eva Peron Friis Arne Petersen List of titles and honours of Prince Philip Duke of Edinburgh Prince Philippe Count of Flanders Jozef Pilsudski Francisco Pinto Balsemao Princess Ragnhild Mrs Lorentzen Archduke Rainer Ferdinand of Austria Anders Fogh Rasmussen Rudolf Crown Prince of Austria Nicolas Sarkozy Queen Silvia of Sweden List of titles and honours of Queen Sofia of Spain Queen Sonja of Norway Sukarno Jan Szembek diplomat Sarit Thanarat Frans Timmermans Josip Broz Tito Umberto Vattani Victoria Crown Princess of Sweden Wilhelm II German Emperor Wilhelmina of the Netherlands William I German Emperor Elmo Zumwalt Grand Officers Mark W Clark Ira C Eaker Tim Fischer Wallace M Greene Emmanuel Macron William R Munroe Henry Conger Pratt Benoit Puga Kiyoshi Sumiya Commanders Howard H J Benson Asa White Kenney Billings James H Billington Helene Carrere d Encausse Charles Lyon Chandler Chiang Kai shek Ismael Crespo Duarte de Freitas do Amaral Jean Louis Georgelin Ann Hartness Henry Kent Hewitt Daisaku Ikeda Claude Levi Strauss Charles P Mason Ghillean Prance Dorrit Reventlow David Rockefeller Dominique Vian Officers Jean Batten Jerome Champagne Douglas Fairbanks Jr Jean Baptiste Nothomb Robert Olds Honorio Hermeto Carneiro Leao Marquis of Parana Jean Francois Revel Knights Gunnar Ring Amundsen Harold L George Jose Paranhos Baron of Rio Branco Peter Ustinov Unknown Class Jose Antonio Abreu Konrad Adenauer Bhumibol Adulyadej Alexander Crown Prince of Yugoslavia Neil Armstrong Arie Aroch Hugo Banzer Jose Luis Mena Barreto Francisco Manuel Barroso Baron of Amazonas Beatrix of the Netherlands Jeanne Behrend Juan Carlos I Horacio Cartes Nicolae Ceaușescu Charles Prince of Wales Thomas Cochrane 10th Earl of Dundonald Michael Collins astronaut Eleazar Lopez Contreras Gabriel P Disosway Louis Dreller Elizabeth II Albert Fishlow Deodoro da Fonseca Alberto Fujimori Yuri Gagarin Felix Grant John Pascoe Grenfell Tarja Halonen Maria Angela Holguin Maria Quiteria Antonio Horta Osorio banker Jonas H Ingram Isabella II of Spain Helen Keller Blaze Koneski Carlos Frederico Lecor Viscount of Laguna Pedro de Araujo Lima Marquis of Olinda Marie Louise Duchess of Parma City of Medellin Benjamin Netanyahu Masayoshi Ōhira Manuel Luis Osorio Marquis of Erval Afonso Celso Viscount of Ouro Preto Jose Paranhos Viscount of Rio Branco Pedro II of Brazil Prince Philip Duke of Edinburgh William Alfred Pickwoad Manuel Marques de Sousa Count of Porto Alegre Juan Rivero Torres Nelson Rockefeller Ivan Rukavina Ricardo Salgado Domingo Faustino Sarmiento Giovanni Sartori Stephan Schmidheiny Domingos Sequeira James Sherwood Stanislaw Skarzynski Queen Sofia of Spain Maurice Strong Michel Suleiman Yasuo Tanaka politician Shoichiro Toyoda Arturo Valenzuela Julio de Vido Lech Walesa Vera Weizmann Robert B Williams general Stefan ZweigReferences Edit Ordem Nacional do Cruzeiro do Sul Archived 2016 03 03 at the Wayback Machine Banco Central do Brasil Retrieved on 2010 10 10 in Portuguese a b National Order of the Southern Cross Medal Medaille Retrieved on 2010 10 10 a b Condecoracoes Cruizeiro do Sul Conselho Archived 2012 03 11 at the Wayback Machine Ministerio das Relacoes Exteriores Retrieved on 2010 10 10 in Portuguese a b c d Condecoracoes Cruizeiro do Sul Historico Archived 2010 09 02 at the Wayback Machine Ministerio das Relacoes Exteriores Retrieved on 2010 10 10 in Portuguese White William Notes and queries Volume 78 London 1888 p 173 Even the short lived republican Ordem de Colombo Order of Columbus that had been established by the Provisional Government of the Republic as a replacement to the Imperial Orders was abolished when Congress promulgated Brazil s first republican Constitution on 24 February 1891 declaring all Orders abolished and stating that the Republic would maintain no Orders Only after the 1891 Constitution had ceased to operate due to the 1930 Revolution was a republican honours system created beginning with the recreation of the Order of the Southern Cross in 1932 no title specified Archived from the original on 2011 07 18 Cerimonial Archived from the original on 2010 09 02 Retrieved 2010 10 10 http www6 senado gov br legislacao ListaTextoIntegral action id 26254 permanent dead link Decree that Reestablishes the National Order of the Southern Cross Portal da Camara dos Deputados Condecoracoes Cruizeiro do Sul Regulamento Ministerio das Relacoes Exteriores Retrieved on 2010 10 10 in Portuguese da Silva Luiz Inacio Lula LulaOficial 22 April 2023 Reuniao com o presidente de Portugal Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa Condecorei o amigo com a Ordem do Cruzeiro do Sul uma comenda que nosso pais atribui a personalidades estrangeiras Tweet in Brazilian Portuguese via Twitter a b c d e Bolsonaro condecora lideres do Oriente Medio antes de viagem a regiao UOL 12 November 2021 17 11 2021 Reuniao Ampliada Doha Qatar 17 11 2021 P Flickr 17 November 2021 Bolsonaro recebe presidente da Colombia no Palacio do Planalto nesta terca feira 19 October 2021 DSC 7871 Almoco em homenagem ao Excelentissimo Senhor Ivan Flickr 19 October 2021 Governo brasileiro condecora ex premie Abe e vice premie Aso em Toquio Retrieved 9 July 2022 Shinzo Abe e Taro Aso sao condecorados pelo Brasil Retrieved 9 July 2022 Netanyahu in Brazil Israel is forming an alliance with a superpower Israel News Jerusalem Post Archived from the original on 2018 12 29 About Sukyo Mahikari Sukyo Mahikari Temer e Horacio Cartes reafirmam decisao de suspender Venezuela do Mercosul Agencia Brasil 21 August 2017 Retrieved 22 August 2017 Diario Oficial da Uniao 13 April 2017 Retrieved 21 August 2017 Brazil and Argentina agree to move closer to Pacific Alliance Agencia Brasil 7 February 2017 Retrieved 12 February 2017 Ministerio das Relacoes Exteriores Decreto de 1º de Fevereiro de 2016 Published by Imprensa Nacional in Section 1 of the Diario Oficial da Uniao on February 2 2016 ISSN 1677 7042 Dilma Rousseff se emociono al condecorar a Cristina con la Orden del Sur de Brasil Los Andes Diario www losandes com ar Archived from the original on 2015 07 22 Ministerio das Relacoes Exteriores Decreto de 11 de Dezembro de 2015 Published by Imprensa Nacional in Section 1 of Diario Oficial da Uniao of December 14 2015 ISSN 1677 7042 Otorga Pena Orden del Aguila Azteca a Rousseff recibe la Cruz del Sur Quadratin in Spanish 26 May 2015 De vido Argentina Brasil y la region estan muchisimo mejor que hace diez anos Telam Agencia Nacional de Noticias www telam com ar Archived from the original on 2014 05 17 El maestro Abreu fue galardonado con la Orden Nacional Cruzeiro do Sul por Dilma Rousseff Archived from the original on 2013 05 13 Retrieved 2013 05 02 Decreto 19 December 2012 Archived from the original on 5 January 2018 Retrieved 3 March 2019 Presidente Dilma e condecorada com a mais alta ordem da Bulgaria Archived 2016 03 03 at the Wayback Machine GazetaOnline Retrieved on 2011 10 05 in Portuguese EBC Decorations and Medals Archived from the original on 13 April 2012 Retrieved 9 February 2017 G1 gt Mundo NOTICIAS Lula e Sarkozy reforcarao associacao militar entre Franca e Brasil United States Department of State Pag 7 Secao 1 Diario Oficial da Uniao DOU de 06 de Setembro de 2007 5 September 2007 Retrieved 21 February 2017 a b 6280020 Search a b DECRETO DE 3 DE DEZEMBRO DE 2007 website JusBrasil Dr Jacques Diouf Director General Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO FAO website Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO July 2007 Archived from the original on 2009 05 18 Retrieved 2009 09 26 Chairman James Hurlock and Founder James Sherwood to Retire from Orient Express Board of Directors Press release Diario Oficial da Uniao 19 March 2003 Retrieved 9 February 2017 a b Diario Oficial da Uniao 7 October 2003 Retrieved 9 February 2017 The Japan Times Online www japantimes co jp Archived from the original on 21 April 2003 Retrieved 11 January 2022 Ann Hartness to receive Brazil s National Order of the Southern Cross News releases Nettie Lee Benson Latin American Collection University of Texas April 10 2003 Archived from the original on June 30 2016 Retrieved 2009 09 26 Diario Oficial da Uniao 28 October 2002 Retrieved 3 March 2017 Diario Oficial da Uniao 17 April 2002 Retrieved 20 February 2017 UOL Brasil Online FHC condecora Fujimori e se reune com empresarios 22 07 99 10h07 Viu a receita de Albert Fishlow para o Brasil crescer EXAME com Archived from the original on 2015 08 13 Santa Consegnato al politologo Sartori il premio Isaiah Berlin 18 September 2013 Archived from the original on 6 August 2020 Retrieved 2 March 2015 Ricardo Salgado O banqueiro ha mais tempo no ativo Folha de S Paulo Rei chama de querido FHC 19 05 98 Diario Oficial 29 July 1996 Retrieved 14 September 2017 A maldicao do amianto 6 January 2014 Curriculum Vitae Runaldo R Venetiaan Cabinet of the President of the Republic of Suriname in Dutch Archived from the original on 2006 11 02 Retrieved 2006 11 02 State Decorations Retrieved 9 February 2017 Curriculum Vitae Daisaku Ikeda Website Viagem do PR Geisel a Franca PDF Retrieved 19 January 2019 Brazilian President Emilio Garrastazu Medici decorates Bolivian a b Armstrong lembrou Dumont como pioneiro da aviacao Estadao 26 August 2012 Retrieved 2 September 2018 Ressaltada a amizade franca brasil Correio da Manha 14 October 1964 Retrieved 2 April 2017 Special feature Fifty years later remembering a golden album by Stan Getz and Charlie Byrd 22 February 2012 a b DOU 19 09 1963 Pag 4 Secao 1 Diario Oficial da Uniao Archived from the original on 2012 12 08 Janio condecora Guevara Folha de S Paulo 20 August 1961 Retrieved 2010 08 24 xacsuk dwngswang karphthnalikinthinpraethsithy 2507 Mala Diplomatica Correio da Manha 4 May 1956 Retrieved 16 February 2017 Viagem do Presidente Geisel ao Japao September 1976 Retrieved 15 May 2018 27 de junho nasce Helen Keller a mulher que viu para alem da cegueira 2014 06 26 Archived from the original on 2015 04 02 Retrieved 2015 03 02 Condecorada com a Ordem Nacional do Merito a Senhora Eva Peron A Noite 23 April 1952 Retrieved 30 December 2018 Avenius Sheldon H Jr April 1967 Charles Lyon Chandler A Forgotten Man of Inter American Cultural Relations Journal of Inter American Studies 9 2 169 183 doi 10 2307 165091 Ira C Eaker Awards and decorations Condecorados com a Ordem do Cruzeiro do Sul O Imparcial 11 February 1940 Retrieved 21 March 2017 Major General Robert B Williams U S Air Force Official Website U S Air Force Archived from the original on 2012 07 22 Retrieved 2010 03 31 My Life by Jean Batten George G Harrap amp Co Ltd 1938 Burke s Peerage Baronetage and Knightage Burke s Peerage Ltd 1910 p 12 Stewart Charles Samuel Brazil and La Plata the personal record of a cruise p 335 Lorde Cochrane o turbulento Marques do Maranhao PDF Revista Navigator Archived from the original PDF on 13 April 2020 Retrieved 9 February 2018 Governo condecora colombianos que resgataram vitimas da Chapecoense 16 December 2016 External links Edit nbsp Wikisource has the text of a 1905 New International Encyclopedia article about Order of the Southern Cross Ordem Nacional do Cruzeiro do Sul official website of the Brazilian Ministry of External Relations Portuguese Orders and Decorations of all Nations by Robert Werlich and Jose Luiz Silva Preiss Porto Alegre RS Brazil Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Order of the Southern Cross amp oldid 1180324124, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.