King of Bahrain
The King of the Kingdom of Bahrain (Arabic: ملك مملكة البحرين) is the monarch and head of state of Bahrain. The House of Khalifa has been the ruling family since 1783. Between 1783 and 1971, the Bahraini monarch held the title of hakim, and, from 1971 until 2002, the title of emir. On 14 February 2002, the emir of Bahrain, Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, declared Bahrain a kingdom and proclaimed himself the first king.[1] The king enjoys wide ranging powers, which include appointing the prime minister and the cabinet, holding supreme command over the Defence Force, chairing the Higher Judicial Council, appointing the parliament's upper house and dissolving its elected lower house.[2] : . 15
| King of Bahrain | |
|---|---|
| ملك مملكة البحرين Malik Mamlakat al-Baḥrayn | |
| Incumbent | |
| Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa since 6 March 1999 as Emir since 14 February 2002 as King | |
| Details | |
| Style | His Majesty |
| Heir apparent | Salman bin Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa |
| First monarch | Ahmed ibn Muhammad ibn Khalifa (Hakim) Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifah (King) |
| Formation | 1783 (Hakimmiyah) 16 August 1971 (Emirate) 14 February 2002 (Kingdom) |
| Residence | Riffa Palace |
| Website | Official website |
List of rulers
Hakims of Bahrain (1783–1971)
The Arabic title of the Hakim, as transliterated, was Hakim al-Bahrayn (English: Caretaker/Ruler of Bahrain). The Hakim also held the honorific title of sheikh.
| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Reign | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sheikh Ahmed ibn Muhammad ibn Khalifa | 1783 – 18 July 1795 | Leader of the Bani Utbah invasion of Bahrain | |
| Sheikh Salman bin Ahmad Al Khalifa | 1795–1825 | As co-regent | |
| Sheikh Abdullah bin Ahmad Al Khalifa | 1795–1843 | As co-regent | |
| Sheikh Khalifa bin Sulman Al Khalifa | 1825–1834 | As co-regent with Abdullah ibn Ahmad Al Khalifa | |
| Sheikh Muhammad bin Khalifa Al Khalifa | 1834–1842 | First reign as co-regent with Abdullah ibn Ahmad Al Khalifa | |
| Sheikh Muhammad bin Khalifa Al Khalifa | 1843–1868 | Second reign | |
| Sheikh Ali bin Khalifa Al Khalifa | 1868–1869 | ||
| Sheikh Muhammad bin Khalifa Al Khalifa | 1869 | Third reign | |
| Sheikh Muhammad bin Abdullah Al Khalifa | September – 1 December 1869 | Deposed and exiled to India. Confined at Asirgarh Fort, but later removed to Chunar Fort, near Benares, where he died in 1877. | |
| Sheikh Isa ibn Ali Al Khalifa (1848–1932) | 1 December 1869 – 26 May 1923 | Abdicated | |
| Sheikh Hamad ibn Isa Al Khalifa (1872–1942) | 27 May 1923 – 20 February 1942 | ||
| Sheikh Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa (1894–1961) | 20 February 1942 – 2 November 1961 | ||
| Sheikh Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa (1931–1999) | 2 November 1961 – 16 August 1971 |
Emirs of Bahrain (1971–2002)
The Arabic title of the Emir, as transliterated, was Amir dawlat al-Bahrayn (English: Chief of the State of Bahrain). The Emir also held the honorific title of sheikh.
| Name | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sheikh Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa
| 3 June 1931 – 6 March 1999 (aged 67) | 16 August 1971 | 6 March 1999[3] | Son of Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa and Mouza bint Hamad Al Khalifa | Khalifa | |
| Sheikh Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa
| 28 January 1950 | 6 March 1999 | 14 February 2002 (title changed)[1] | Son of Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa and Hessa bint Salman Al Khalifa | Khalifa |
King of Bahrain (2002–present)
The Arabic title of the King, as transliterated, is Malik al-Bahrayn (English: King of Bahrain). The King also holds the honorific title of sheikh.
| Name | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa
| 28 January 1950 | 14 February 2002 | Incumbent | Son of Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa and Hessa bint Salman Al Khalifa | Khalifa |
See also
References
- ^ a b "Bahrain becomes kingdom with voter democracy". The Globe and Mail. 15 February 2002. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
- ^ "(Report). Bahrain Independent Commission of Inquiry. 23 November 2011" (PDF). BICI. 23 November 2011. Retrieved 13 November 2018.
- ^ Jehl, Douglas (7 March 1999). "Sheik Isa, 65, Emir of Bahrain Who Built Non-Oil Economy". The New York Times. Retrieved 13 November 2018.