The Birla Mandirs (Birla Temples) refer to different Hindu temples or Mandirs built by the Birla family in different cities across India. All these temples are magnificently built, some in white marble or sandstone. The temples are generally located in a prominent location, carefully designed to accommodate a large number of visitors. The worship and discourses are well organized. The first one was built in 1939 in Delhi collectively by Jugal Kishore Birla and his brothers and their father. Later temples were built by and managed by different branches of the family. For both of the temples in Varanasi, the Birlas joined other donors to support the cost.
The Birla temples in Delhi and Bhopal were constructed to fulfill a cultural void in these cities. As these cities were ruled for centuries by Muslim dynasties, these cities did not have any notable temples since the Islamic ruler did not permit the construction of grand Hindu temples with shikharas. Delhi, even though it was the capital of India, did not have any outstanding Hindu temples left. During the Mughal period, temples with a shikhara were prohibited until the late Mughal period. The first temple to be built by the Birla family is the Laxminarayan Temple in Delhi, which was opened in 1939. Located at a prominent site,[1] The temple was designed to be lofty and spacious, suitable for congregational worship or discourses. Although built using modern technology, it very loosely conformed to the Nagara style. The Birlas also built the adjoining Buddhist temple and donated it to the Mahabodhi Society.[citation needed]
The Birla temples in Delhi, Banaras and Bhopal use modern construction materials and techniques. Later temples are built of marble or sandstone and are constructed usually in the classical style of Māru-Gurjara architecture (from the Chandela or Chaulukya dynasty) of the 10-12th century, with some elements of local, regional styles, such as the gopuram of the Birla Mandir, Hyderabad, otherwise in the northern Māru-Gurjara style. The Saraswati temple, in the BITS Pilani campus, is one of the very few Sarasvati temples built in modern times (see Sharda Temple, Maihar). It is said to be a replica of the Kandariya Mahadeva Temple temple of Khajuraho; however, it is built of white marble and adorned with not only images of Gods but also of philosophers and scientists.[2] The Gwalior Sun temple is a replica (much reduced in size) of the famous Konark Sun Temple,[3] as it would have appeared before the collapse of the main tower. Anne Hardgrove states:
A national chain of the "Birla temples," temples of grandiose scale and design, have become major landmarks and part of the cityscapes of Indian urban life in the late twentieth century. The Birla temples exist in conjunction with other large industrial and philanthropic ventures of the wealthy Birla family, including major institutions of technology, medicine, and education. Birla temples have redefined religion to conform to modern ideals of philanthropy and humanitarianism, combining the worship of a deity with a public institution that contributes to civil society. The architectural forms of the two newest Birla temples (Jaipur and Kolkata) incorporate innovative, dual-purpose structures into the temple design that alter temple practices to reflect the concerns of modern public culture in a religious site.[4]
^Backdrop of the Struggle in India; American's impressions of a teeming land. Amid romance, reality, fabulous wealth and dire poverty, there is a yearning for independence. The backdrop of the Freedom Struggle in India, Herbert L. Matthews, New York Times Magazine, September 27, 1942
^Community and Public Culture: The Marwaris in Calcutta 1897-1997, Anne Hardgrove, Philanthropy and Mapping the Kul: Industrialists and Temple Building
^Pilgrimage Centres of India, Brajesh Kumar, A.H.W. Sameer series, Diamond Pocket Books (P) Ltd., 2003 p. 103
^Community and Public Culture: The Marwaris in Calcutta 1897-1997, Anne Hardgrove, Philanthropy and Mapping the Kul: Industrialists and Temple Building
^"Making history with brick and mortar". Hindustan Times. September 15, 2011. Archived from the original on December 5, 2012.
^. Archived from the original on 2018-05-24. Retrieved 2018-02-26.
^Sajnani, Dr. Manohar (2001). Encyclopedia of Tourism Resources In India (Volume II). Vol. II. Kalpaz Publications, Delhi. p. 23. ISBN81-7835-018-1.
^ Bhatt, S.C.; Bhargava, Gopal K ., eds. (2006). LAND AND PEOPLE of Indian State and Union Territories (In 36 Volumes), Andhra Pradesh, Volume - 2. Vol. 2. Kalpaz Publications, Delhi. p. 490. ISBN81-7835-358-X.
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The Birla Mandirs Birla Temples refer to different Hindu temples or Mandirs built by the Birla family in different cities across India All these temples are magnificently built some in white marble or sandstone The temples are generally located in a prominent location carefully designed to accommodate a large number of visitors The worship and discourses are well organized The first one was built in 1939 in Delhi collectively by Jugal Kishore Birla and his brothers and their father Later temples were built by and managed by different branches of the family For both of the temples in Varanasi the Birlas joined other donors to support the cost Birla Mandir New Delhi Birla Mandir Kolkata Sun Temple Gwalior inspired by the Konark Sun Temple Birla Mandir in Hyderabad Birla Temple at Arera Hills Bhopal Shri Vishwanath Mandir also known as Birla Mandir in the Banaras Hindu University campus Varanasi Contents 1 History and design 2 Birla Mandirs across India 3 See also 4 ReferencesHistory and design editThe Birla temples in Delhi and Bhopal were constructed to fulfill a cultural void in these cities As these cities were ruled for centuries by Muslim dynasties these cities did not have any notable temples since the Islamic ruler did not permit the construction of grand Hindu temples with shikharas Delhi even though it was the capital of India did not have any outstanding Hindu temples left During the Mughal period temples with a shikhara were prohibited until the late Mughal period The first temple to be built by the Birla family is the Laxminarayan Temple in Delhi which was opened in 1939 Located at a prominent site 1 The temple was designed to be lofty and spacious suitable for congregational worship or discourses Although built using modern technology it very loosely conformed to the Nagara style The Birlas also built the adjoining Buddhist temple and donated it to the Mahabodhi Society citation needed The Birla temples in Delhi Banaras and Bhopal use modern construction materials and techniques Later temples are built of marble or sandstone and are constructed usually in the classical style of Maru Gurjara architecture from the Chandela or Chaulukya dynasty of the 10 12th century with some elements of local regional styles such as the gopuram of the Birla Mandir Hyderabad otherwise in the northern Maru Gurjara style The Saraswati temple in the BITS Pilani campus is one of the very few Sarasvati temples built in modern times see Sharda Temple Maihar It is said to be a replica of the Kandariya Mahadeva Temple temple of Khajuraho however it is built of white marble and adorned with not only images of Gods but also of philosophers and scientists 2 The Gwalior Sun temple is a replica much reduced in size of the famous Konark Sun Temple 3 as it would have appeared before the collapse of the main tower Anne Hardgrove states A national chain of the Birla temples temples of grandiose scale and design have become major landmarks and part of the cityscapes of Indian urban life in the late twentieth century The Birla temples exist in conjunction with other large industrial and philanthropic ventures of the wealthy Birla family including major institutions of technology medicine and education Birla temples have redefined religion to conform to modern ideals of philanthropy and humanitarianism combining the worship of a deity with a public institution that contributes to civil society The architectural forms of the two newest Birla temples Jaipur and Kolkata incorporate innovative dual purpose structures into the temple design that alter temple practices to reflect the concerns of modern public culture in a religious site 4 Birla Mandirs across India editBirla Temples in India Image Temple Year Location Deity nbsp Birla Mandir 1931 1966 BHU Varanasi Shiva Shri Vishwanath nbsp Laxminarayan Temple 5 1939 Delhi Lakshmi Narayan nbsp Buddhist Temple Delhi Center 1939 Delhi Dharmachakra Pravartana Buddha Birla Mandir 1941 1961 Kanpur Lakshmi Narayan Birla Mandir 6 1955 Kurukshetra Krishna nbsp Birla Mandir Sharda Peeth 7 1956 1960 BITS Pilani Saraswati Birla Mandir 8 9 10 1957 Kurnool Laskhmi Narayan nbsp Birla Mandir 11 1960 Bhopal Lakshmi Narayan Tulsi Birla Manas Mandir 1964 Varanasi Ram nbsp Birla Mandir 1965 Shahad Vithoba nbsp Renukeshaw Mahadev Temple 1972 Renukoot Shiva nbsp Birla Mandir 12 1966 1976 Hyderabad Venkateswara nbsp Birla Mandir 13 14 1976 1996 Kolkata Radha Krishna nbsp Birla Mandir 15 1984 1988 Gwalior Surya nbsp Birla Mandir 1988 Jaipur Lakshmi Narayan Birla Mandir Patna Lakshmi Narayan Birla Mandir Akola Rama Birla Mandir Nagda Vishnu Birla Mandir 16 Alibaug Ganesha Birla Mandir 17 Brajarajnagar Laxmi Narayanan Birla Mandir Veraval Lakshmi Narayan nbsp Birla Radha Krishna Mandir 2023 BITS Pilani Goa Radha KrishnaSee also editHindu temple architecture Shri Vishwanath Mandir All pages with titles containing Birla MandirReferences edit Backdrop of the Struggle in India American s impressions of a teeming land Amid romance reality fabulous wealth and dire poverty there is a yearning for independence The backdrop of the Freedom Struggle in India Herbert L Matthews New York Times Magazine September 27 1942 Community and Public Culture The Marwaris in Calcutta 1897 1997 Anne Hardgrove Philanthropy and Mapping the Kul Industrialists and Temple Building Pilgrimage Centres of India Brajesh Kumar A H W Sameer series Diamond Pocket Books P Ltd 2003 p 103 Community and Public Culture The Marwaris in Calcutta 1897 1997 Anne Hardgrove Philanthropy and Mapping the Kul Industrialists and Temple Building Making history with brick and mortar Hindustan Times September 15 2011 Archived from the original on December 5 2012 Birla Mandir Kurukushetra Archived from the original on 2018 05 24 Retrieved 2018 02 26 Temple Net Birla Mandir Retrieved 2009 10 27 Sajnani Dr Manohar 2001 Encyclopedia of Tourism Resources In India Volume II Vol II Kalpaz Publications Delhi p 23 ISBN 81 7835 018 1 Bhatt S C Bhargava Gopal K eds 2006 LAND AND PEOPLE of Indian State and Union Territories In 36 Volumes Andhra Pradesh Volume 2 Vol 2 Kalpaz Publications Delhi p 490 ISBN 81 7835 358 X Sri Lakshmi Satya Narayana Swamy Devasthanam Kurnool Birla Mandir Lakshmi Narayan Temple Bhopal Lord Venkateshwara Temple Birla Mandir Hyderabad Birla Mandir in Kolkata Lakshmi Narayan Temple Birla Temple in Kolkata Kolkata Archived June 15 2008 at the Wayback Machine Kolkata City Guide Goodearth Publications 2011 Calcutta p 103 Gwalior Sun Temple https www bhaktibharat com en mandir gwalior sun temple Birla Ganesh Mandir Archived from the original on 2018 09 18 Retrieved 2018 02 27 Birla Temple near Lamtibahal Brajrajnagar Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Birla Mandir amp oldid 1214565138, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
