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Wikipedia

Coachella (festival)

February 15, 2024

Coachella (officially called Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival, and sometimes known as Coachella Festival) is an annual music and arts festival held at the Empire Polo Club in Indio, California, in the Coachella Valley in the Colorado Desert. It was co-founded by Paul Tollett and Rick Van Santen in 1999, and is organized by Goldenvoice, a subsidiary of AEG Presents.[2] The event features musical artists from many genres of music, including rock, pop, indie, hip hop and electronic dance music, as well as art installations and sculptures. Across the grounds, several stages continuously host live music.

Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival

Coachella in 2018
GenreRock, pop, indie, hip hop, electronic dance music
DatesConsecutive 3-day weekends in April (currently)
Location(s)Empire Polo Club
(Indio, California, U.S.)
Coordinates33°40′41″N 116°14′02″W / 33.678°N 116.234°W / 33.678; -116.234
Years active1999, 2001–2019, 2022–present
Founded byPaul Tollett and Rick Van Santen
Attendance250,000 (2017, two-weekend total)
Capacity125,000[1]
Organized byGoldenvoice
Websitecoachella.com

The festival's origins trace back to a 1993 concert that Pearl Jam performed at the Empire Polo Club while boycotting venues controlled by Ticketmaster. The show validated the site's viability for hosting large events, leading to the inaugural Coachella Festival being held over the course of two days in October 1999, three months after Woodstock '99. After no event was held in 2000, Coachella returned on an annual basis beginning in April 2001 as a single-day event. In 2002, the festival reverted to a two-day format. Coachella was expanded to a third day in 2007 and eventually a second weekend in 2012; it is now held on consecutive three-day weekends in April, with the same lineup each weekend. Organizers began permitting spectators to camp on the grounds in 2003, one of several expansions and additions in the festival's history. The festival was not held in 2020 and 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[3]

Coachella showcases popular and established musical artists as well as emerging artists and reunited groups. It is one of the largest, most famous, and most profitable music festivals in the United States and the world.[4][5] Each Coachella staged from 2013 to 2015 set new records for festival attendance and gross revenues. The 2017 festival was attended by 250,000 people and grossed $114.6 million. Coachella's success led to Goldenvoice establishing additional music festivals at the site, including the annual Stagecoach country music festival beginning in 2007, the Big 4 thrash metal festival in 2011, and the classic rock-oriented Desert Trip in 2016.

History edit

Even before we looked at [Empire Polo Club], it hit us. We wanted it to be far. So you surrender. So you can't leave your house and see a couple bands and be back home that night. We want you to go out there, get tired, and curse the show by Sunday afternoon. That sunset, and that whole feeling of Coachella hits you.

—Coachella co-founder Paul Tollett, describing the rationale behind the festival's location[6]

On November 5, 1993, Pearl Jam performed for almost 25,000 fans at the Empire Polo Club in Indio, California.[7] The site was selected because the band refused to play in Los Angeles as a result of a dispute with Ticketmaster over service charges applied to ticket purchases.[8][9] The show established the polo club's suitability for large-scale events; Paul Tollett, whose concert promotion company Goldenvoice booked the venue for Pearl Jam, said the concert sowed the seeds for an eventual music festival there.[6]

Around 1997, Goldenvoice was struggling to book concerts against larger companies, and they were unable to offer guarantees as high as their competitors, such as SFX Entertainment. Tollett said, "We were getting our ass kicked financially. We were losing a lot of bands. And we couldn't compete with the money."[10] As a result, the idea of a music festival was conceived, and Tollett began to brainstorm ideas for one with multiple venues. His intent was to book trendy artists who were not necessarily chart successes: "Maybe if you put a bunch of them together, that might be a magnet for a lot of people."[8] While attending the 1997 Glastonbury Festival, Tollett handed out pamphlets to artists and talent managers that featured pictures of the Empire Polo Club and pitched a possible festival there. In contrast to the frequently muddy conditions at Glastonbury caused by rain, he recalled, "We had this pamphlet... showing sunny Coachella. Everyone was laughing."[9]

After scouting several sites for their festival,[6] Tollett and Goldenvoice co-president Rick Van Santen returned to the Empire Polo Club during the Big Gig festival in 1998. Impressed by the location's suitability for a festival, they decided to book their event there.[8] The promoters had hoped to stage their inaugural festival in 1998 but were unable to until the following year.[9] On July 16, 1999, Goldenvoice announced that the Indio City Council had approved the festival and would provide $90,000 for services such as traffic control and public safety. The funds came with a guarantee of repayment from the promoter, as the city was keen to avoid incurring another loss; the previous year's Big Gig festival cost Indio $16,000 due to last-minute changes to the lineup and poor attendance.[11] The Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival was officially announced on July 28 with a preliminary lineup of 40 acts;[12] tickets went on sale on August 7.[13]

Coachella's announcement came just one week after the conclusion of Woodstock '99, a festival in July 1999 that was marred by looting, arson, violence, and rapes. Goldenvoice's insurance costs increased 40% as a result and the company faced uncertainty regarding Coachella's tickets.[9][14] Organizers were already aiming to provide a "high-comfort festival experience" for Coachella but rededicated themselves to those efforts after Woodstock '99. Advertisements boasted free water fountains, ample restrooms, and misting tents.[14] Retrospectively, Tollett called the decision to announce a new festival just two months prior to staging it "financial suicide".[9]

1999, 2001–2002 edit

On October 9–10, 1999, the inaugural Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival was held. Headlining the event were Beck, Tool, and Rage Against the Machine; other acts included the Chemical Brothers, Morrissey, A Perfect Circle, Jurassic 5 and Underworld. Originally, promoters had hoped to make the event three days (Friday to Sunday) and even considered the UK group Massive Attack as the third-day headliner.[15] The organizers strove to recreate European music festivals with small crowds in a great setting with plenty of turntables.[16] By booking acts based on artistry rather than radio popularity, Coachella earned the title of "the anti-Woodstock".[17]

Tickets sold for $50 for each day; about 17,000 tickets sold for the first day, and 20,000 for the second,[16] falling short of the overall attendance goal of 70,000.[18] Attendees were offered free parking and a free bottle of water upon entrance.[16] The event went smoothly, with the well-behaved crowd starkly contrasting with the violence that plagued Woodstock '99; the biggest challenges to Coachella concertgoers were temperatures exceeding 100 °F and the decisions of which of the 80-plus acts to attend.[17][18][19] The festival was well regarded among attendees and critics; Pollstar named it festival of the year, and Robert Hilburn of the Los Angeles Times said that it "laid the foundation for what someday may be a legacy of its own".[20][21] However, Goldenvoice lost $850,000 on the undertaking,[22] forcing the promoter, in Tollett's words, to "struggle for almost two years to survive as a company".[23] Prominent acts, including the headliners, agreed to receive deferred compensation.[24]

Goldenvoice reserved tentative dates for October 2000 to reprise the festival,[25] but ultimately canceled for that year; Tollett blamed it on the oversaturation of music festivals in Southern California.[20] Instead, Goldenvoice partnered with promoter Pasquale Rotella to stage the electronic dance music festival Nocturnal Wonderland at the Empire Polo Club in September 2000.[26][27]

Goldenvoice opted to bring Coachella back in April 2001 in an attempt to beat the heat.[20][28] Ticket prices were raised to $65.[29] Organizers encountered difficulty booking acts for the festival and due to "available talent", were forced to shorten the festival to a single day.[30] Issues with securing a headliner threatened to doom the event until Perry Farrell agreed to bring his reunited group Jane's Addiction to the proceedings.[31] Amidst financial concerns, Tollett agreed to sell Goldenvoice to Anschutz Entertainment Group (AEG) in March 2001 for $7 million.[32] AEG, which had opened Staples Center in Los Angeles two years prior, purchased the promoter to help them find shows to book. The corporation wanted Tollett to continue staging Coachella, understanding that it initially would lose money;[9] Tollett initially retained full control of Coachella as a result of the acquisition.[31][33] Like its predecessor, the 2001 festival went smoothly;[23] 32,000 people attended,[26] and despite taking a loss again, Tollett estimates it was a "low, low six-figure sum".[23]

For its third outing, Coachella reverted to a two-day format and took place from April 27–28, 2002. Tollett said that the event was expanded to a second day after more acts began expressing interest in participating.[34] With around 60 artists performing,[35] the festival featured headliners Björk and Oasis, along with a reunion of Siouxsie and the Banshees.[36] Palm Desert natives Queens of the Stone Age became the first local band to play the festival.[22] Multiple changes were made for that year: one less tent was used,[37] reducing the number of stages from five to four,[34] and a fence in the middle of the polo field was removed to increase the openness of the site.[37] The strong supporting acts helped prove to the Indio community that the event could bring in money and take place without conflict. More than 55,000 people attended over the two days,[22] and for the first time, the festival nearly broke even.[23]

2003–2005 edit

The 2003 festival took place from April 26–27.[10] Among the 82 acts booked by Goldenvoice were headliners Red Hot Chili Peppers and Beastie Boys, as well as a reunited Iggy Pop and the Stooges. Performances were held on two outdoor stages and in three tents.[38] Ticket prices remained $75 per day, but were increased to $140 for a two-day pass.[10] For the first time, on-site camping was offered;[39] the Indio City Council approved overnight camping at the site, permitting up to four people on each of the 2,252 camping spots.[40] The festival drew 60,000 people, the largest Coachella crowd to that point.[41] The festival began to develop worldwide interest and receive national renown.

 
Goldenvoice's Paul Tollett credits Radiohead's appearance at the 2004 festival (pictured) with elevating the festival's stature.

In late December 2003, Van Santen died at the age of 41 from flu-related complications.[2] With Tollett left, he sold half of Coachella to AEG in 2004, along with the controlling interest in the festival.[9] The 2004 event featured a lineup of more than 80 acts,[42] with Radiohead and the Cure as headliners, along with a reunion of the Pixies. It was Coachella's first sellout, drawing a two-day total of 110,000 people. For the first time, the festival attracted attendees from all 50 US states.[22] The event was critically acclaimed; Hilburn called it "the premier pop music festival in the country", while Rolling Stone labeled it "America's Best Music Festival". Tollett said that 2004 was the turning point for Coachella, and he credited booking Radiohead with elevating the festival's stature and interest among musicians. However, he also described that year's event as a missed opportunity, as he passed on a chance to expand it to a third day that could have featured David Bowie as a headliner.[42]

The 2005 event ran from April 30 to May 1 and featured Coldplay and Nine Inch Nails as headliners, along with a reunion of Bauhaus. A planned reunion of Cocteau Twins was ultimately cancelled by the group.[43] Approximately 50,000 people attended each day of the festival.[44]

2006–2008 edit

 
Daft Punk's performance at Coachella 2006 is frequently cited as one of the most memorable in the festival's history.

The 2006 event featured headliners Depeche Mode and Tool. Two of the most popular performances were Madonna, who played in an overflowing dance tent, and Daft Punk, whose show featuring a pyramid-shaped stage is cited as one of the most memorable performances in Coachella history.[22] Around 120,000 concertgoers attended the event over two days,[22] garnering Goldenvoice a gross of $9 million.[45]

In 2007, Goldenvoice inaugurated the Stagecoach Festival, an annual country music festival that also takes place at the Empire Polo Club the weekend following Coachella. The new event helped avert complications with organizing Coachella; the polo club's owner Alex Haagen III had been planning to redevelop the land unless a new profitable event could be created to make a long-term lease with Goldenvoice financially feasible.[8] Along with the new festival's addition, Coachella was permanently extended to three days in 2007. The headlining acts were Red Hot Chili Peppers, the reunited Rage Against the Machine, and Björk, all of whom headlined for the second time. The festival compiled a three-day aggregate attendance of over 186,000, a new best, and grossed $16.3 million.[46]

In 2008, Coachella did not sell out for the first time since 2003. It featured headliners Prince, Roger Waters, and Jack Johnson. Waters' inflatable prop pig flew away during his set.[22] The 2008 festival drew an attendance of 151,666 and grossed $13.8 million,[46] but lost money, due to tickets not selling out and high booking fees paid for Prince and Roger Waters.[8][24]

2009–2011 edit

The 2009 festival occurred a week earlier than usual. The new dates were April 17, 18 and 19. The event featured headliners Paul McCartney, The Killers, and The Cure. On Friday, McCartney blew past the festival's strict curfew by 54 minutes.[22] Sunday, The Cure had their performance end abruptly, with the festival cutting stage power after passing their own curfew by 30 minutes.[47] Notable performances included Franz Ferdinand, M.I.A. (whose 2005 encore set in a tent was a first at the fest), Yeah Yeah Yeahs, and rare appearances from artists Leonard Cohen, Dr. Dog and Throbbing Gristle. The festival drew an aggregate attendance of 152,962 and grossed $15,328,863.[48]

Organizers eliminated single-day ticket sales for 2010, and instead instituted a new policy offering three-day tickets only,[49] which drew mixed reactions.[50] Headliners included Jay-Z, Muse and Gorillaz, and reunions of Faith No More and Pavement.[51] Despite Tollett's reservations about holding a festival in 2010 due to the economy,[52] Coachella drew 75,000 spectators each day that year, for an estimated aggregate attendance of 225,000, surpassing previous records.[53] Thousands of fans broke through fences, leading to concerns about overcrowding.[22] The festival grossed $21,703,500.[54] International travel was disrupted by the eruption of the Eyjafjallajökull volcano in Iceland, resulting in some European acts, such as Frightened Rabbit, Gary Numan and Delphic, canceling their appearances at the festival.[55]

Prior to the 2011 festival, Goldenvoice made several investments and improvements locally to help support Coachella. In addition to funding an additional lane for Avenue 50, which borders the festival, the promoter cleared additional space on the polo grounds by leveling a 250,000-square-foot area and moving horse stables.[56] Lighting and security were also enhanced to help the festival run more smoothly.[22] The headliners for that year's event were Kings of Leon, Arcade Fire, Kanye West, and The Strokes, along with another 190 supporting acts.[57] The 2011 festival grossed $24,993,698[58] from 75,000 paid attendees, for an aggregate attendance of 225,000 across the entire three-day weekend.[59]

2012–2014 edit

On May 31, 2011, Goldenvoice announced that beginning with the 2012 festival, Coachella would be expanded to a second, separately-ticketed weekend, with identical lineups for each.[60] Explaining the decision, Tollett said that demand for tickets was up in 2011 even after "operations weren't the best [they've] ever had" in 2010 and that he did not want to satisfy that demand by allowing additional attendees to overcrowd the venue.[61] Rolling Stone called it a "very risky move" and said there was "no guarantee that demand [would be] high enough to sell out the same bill over two consecutive weekends".[60] Nonetheless, 2012 tickets sold out in less than three hours.[62]

 
The 2012 festival during sunset

The 2012 festival featured headliners the Black Keys, Radiohead, and a twin billing of Dr. Dre and Snoop Dogg.[22] During the latter's performances, a projection of deceased rapper Tupac Shakur appeared on-stage [63][64] (a voice actor performed his introduction lines) and began performing "Hail Mary" and "2 of Amerikaz Most Wanted".[65] Although the media referred to the technology as a "hologram", the projection was in fact created using the Musion Eyeliner system, which employs a version of Pepper's ghost.[66][67] Following the performance, the projection disappeared. Dr. Dre had asked permission from Shakur's mother Afeni, who said the next day that she was thrilled with the performance.[68] A projection of deceased singer Nate Dogg was also planned, but Dr. Dre decided against it. The 2012 festival grossed $47,313,403 from 158,387 paid attendees across the two weekends; 80,726 tickets were sold for the first weekend, and 77,661 for the second.[69]

 
Coachella grounds in 2013

Prior to the 2013 festival, it was announced that Goldenvoice had reached a deal with the city of Indio to keep the Coachella and Stagecoach Festivals there through 2030. As part of the agreement, Indio's per-ticket share of revenue would increase from $2.33 per ticket to $5.01.[70] Headlining the 2013 festival were Blur, The Stone Roses, Phoenix, and Red Hot Chili Peppers.[71] General admission tickets sold for $349, a $34 increase from the previous year.[72] The festival grossed $67.2 million in ticket sales and was attended by 180,000 people, making it the top music festival in the world.[73] In July 2013, Goldenvoice finalized a $30 million purchase of 280 acres of land surrounding the Empire Polo Club, including the 200-acre Eldorado Polo Club. The land, previously leased from Eldorado, will be used to provide more space for parking and general use for the festival.[74] Tollett said the purchase was intended to "help [Goldenvoice] put in some infrastructure so [they] don't have to keep coming back and do the same things each year".[75]

The 2014 festival, held on April 11–13 and April 18–20, featured 184 artists.[76] A reunited Outkast headlined on Friday, Muse on Saturday, and Arcade Fire on Sunday.[77] General admission tickets sold out in less than 20 minutes, while all other tickets (including VIP tickets in excess of $5,000) sold out in less than 3 hours.[citation needed] That year's festival featured 96,500 daily attendees and grossed a record-breaking $78.332 million.[78][79] For the fourth consecutive year, Coachella was named the Top Festival at the Billboard Touring Awards.[79]

2015–2017 edit

 
A view of the ferris wheel from the polo grounds during Coachella 2015

The 2015 festival, held on April 10–12 and 17–19,[80] featured headliners AC/DC, Jack White, and Drake, with a surprise appearance by Madonna during the latter's weekend one performance. General admission tickets again sold out in less than 20 minutes.[citation needed] The event established new records for tickets sold (198,000) and total gross ($84,264,264) for a festival.[79] The festival won Pollstar's award for Major Music Festival of the Year,[81] marking the 10th time in 11 years that Coachella had won the award.[82]

In March 2016, the Indio City Council passed a measure to raise the attendance cap for Coachella from 99,000 to 125,000, stipulating that the capacity would gradually be increased, giving the city time to accommodate the crowds. Goldenvoice increased the venue size by about 50 acres along Monroe Street, Avenue 50, Avenue 52, and Polo Road.[83] The 2016 festival was held on April 15–17 and 22–24, and was headlined by a reunited LCD Soundsystem, a reunited Guns N' Roses (with original members Axl Rose, Slash, and Duff McKagan), and Calvin Harris. Ice Cube's appearance featured a reunion of N.W.A., while Guns N' Roses' first weekend performance featured a guest appearance from Angus Young of AC/DC, who headlined the previous year; the cameo occurred the same day that Rose was announced as the new singer for AC/DC. Weekend two was marked by several tributes to Prince, the 2008 headliner who died just prior to the weekend's shows. The festival sold 198,000 tickets and grossed $94.2 million.[84][85]

In January 2017, reports circulated that AEG owner Philip Anschutz had donated to many right-wing causes, including organizations promoting LGBTQ discrimination and climate change denial.[86] The news led to calls for fans to boycott the festival.[87] Anschutz decried the controversy as "fake news", saying he would never knowingly contribute to an anti-LGBTQ organization and would cease donations to any such group of which he became aware.[88]

The 2017 edition of Coachella took place from April 14–16 and April 21–23, and featured Radiohead, Lady Gaga, and Kendrick Lamar as headlining artists.[89] Beyoncé was originally announced as a headliner but was forced to withdraw at the advice of her doctors after she became pregnant; she announced that she would instead headline the 2018 festival.[90][91] Tickets sold out within a few hours of going on sale.[92] The event saw the debut of the new daytime-only Sonora tent.[93] The 2017 festival drew 250,000 attendees and grossed $114.6 million,[94] marking the first time a recurring festival grossed over $100 million.[95] Between the two weekends of Coachella, scenes for the film A Star Is Born, starring Lady Gaga and Bradley Cooper, were filmed on the festival grounds.[96]

2018–2019 edit

 
The main stage in 2018

The 2018 festival featured headlining performances from the Weeknd, Beyoncé, and Eminem. Making up for her cancellation the previous year, Beyoncé became the first African-American woman to headline the festival. Her performances paid tribute to the culture of historically Black colleges and universities,[97] featuring a full marching band and majorette dancers,[98] while incorporating various aspects of Black Greek life, such as a step show along with strolling by pledges. The performances were also influenced by Black feminism, sampling Black authors and featuring on-stage appearances by fellow Destiny's Child members Kelly Rowland and Michelle Williams as well as sister Solange Knowles.[99] Beyoncé's performances received immediate, widespread praise,[100][101][102] and were described by many media outlets as historic.[103][104][105] The New York Times music critic Jon Caramanica wrote, "There's not likely to be a more meaningful, absorbing, forceful and radical performance by an American musician this year, or any year soon, than Beyoncé's headlining set".[101] Her performance garnered 458,000 simultaneous viewers on YouTube to become the festival's most viewed performance to date, and the entire festival had 41 million total viewers, making it the most livestreamed event ever.[106][107]

A report in Teen Vogue described "rampant" sexual harassment and assault at the 2018 festival, and the author said she was groped 22 times in 10 hours.[108] In response, Goldenvoice announced a new initiative in January 2019 called "Every One", which comprises "fan resources and policies" to combat sexual misconduct and improve the festival's responses to such behavior. "Safety ambassadors" were made available to direct attendees to professional counselors, and specially marked locations were added for attendees to seek services or report incidents of sexual misconduct. One of the program's goals stated, "We are taking deliberate steps to develop a festival culture that is safe and inclusive for everyone".[109]

Coachella celebrated its 20th anniversary in 2019. Taking place from April 12–14 and 19–21, the festival was headlined by Childish Gambino, Tame Impala, and Ariana Grande.[110][111] At 25 years old, Grande became the youngest artist to headline the festival and just its fourth female headliner.[112] The festival was beset with several challenges. Justin Timberlake was reportedly slated to headline but had to cancel after bruising his vocal cords.[113] Goldenvoice was also forced to abandon plans for Kanye West to headline, as they could not accommodate his request to build a giant dome for his performance in the middle of the festival grounds. West was instead allowed to hold the first public "Sunday Service" performance on Easter on April 21 at the venue's campgrounds.[114] West and a gospel choir performed an approximately 33-song set list of his songs as well as classic R&B and gospel covers.[115] The first weekend of the festival suffered audio technical difficulties with several high-profile performances.[116] The following weekend, The Daily Beast published a report of the alleged "inhumane treatment" of the festival's security guards. The workers cited poor tent conditions, insufficient food and water, long hours in the harsh sun, minimum wages, and poor communication and coordination between the organizers and the subcontracting security firms.[117]

2020–present edit

The 2020 festival was originally scheduled to take place on April 10–12 and April 17–19 with Rage Against the Machine, Travis Scott, and Frank Ocean as the headlining acts.[118][119] Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the festival was initially postponed until October 9–11 and October 16–18,[3] but in June, Riverside County public health officers announced it and Stagecoach had been cancelled altogether due to a ban on public gatherings, as well as lockdowns and travel restrictions.[120] On April 10, a documentary profiling the festival's 20-year history, Coachella: 20 Years in the Desert, was released on YouTube to coincide with the original start date of the 2020 event.[121] The 2021 festival was also cancelled as a result of pandemic restrictions in California and the threats of the COVID-19 variants.[122]

Coachella returned in 2022 on April 15–17 and April 22–24.[123] The headlining lineup initially comprised Harry Styles, Billie Eilish, Kanye West, and Swedish House Mafia.[124] Less than two weeks before the festival, West withdrew. The vacancy in the Sunday night headliner slot was filled by Swedish House Mafia – who previously had not been scheduled for a specific day – for a joint performance with the Weeknd.[125] While not advertised as a headlining act, Arcade Fire was added to the official 2022 schedule on April 14, a day before the festival's first weekend.[126]

The 2023 edition of Coachella, which took place from April 14–16 and April 21–23, was also beset with last-minute lineup changes. The originally announced headliners were Bad Bunny, Blackpink, and Frank Ocean; the former two were Coachella's first Latin and Korean headliners, respectively.[127] In the days leading up to the first weekend, Ocean suffered leg injuries from an alleged bicycle accident on the festival grounds. The production for his performance was then scaled down extensively;[128] plans to utilize an ice rink with over 100 skaters were scrapped at the last minute,[129] forcing festival crew to hurriedly melt the ice surface.[130] Ocean began his performance an hour late, and after exceeding the festival curfew by 25 minutes, he abruptly ended his show.[131] He subsequently withdrew from the second weekend, citing recommendations from his doctor. Blink-182, which reunited its classic lineup and had been added to the festival two days before it began,[132] was promoted to fill the second weekend's headlining vacancy on Sunday night.[133] After they performed, the trio of DJs Skrillex, Four Tet, and Fred Again – all of whom were added to the lineup the day before the second weekend began – concluded the festival.[134] According to reports, Goldenvoice will incur more than $4 million in losses from the production costs associated with Ocean's unused ice rink, more than his booking fee for the performance. The promoters were also fined $133,000 for curfew violations from the opening weekend.[135]

Location and festival grounds edit

 
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Layout and performance areas for 2016 festival
1
Coachella Stage
2
Outdoor Theatre
3
Gobi
4
Mojave
5
Sahara
6
Yuma
7
Heineken House
8
Despacio
9
The Do LaB

Coachella takes place in Indio, California, located in the Inland Empire region's Coachella Valley within the Colorado Desert. Temperatures during the festival's history have ranged from 106 °F (41 °C) on April 21, 2012, to 43 °F (6 °C) on April 14, 2012.[136] The festival is hosted at the 78-acre Empire Polo Club;[137] when accounting for land used for parking and camping, the event covers a footprint of approximately 642 acres.[138] The site is about 125 miles (200 km) east of Los Angeles.[52]

During the festival, several stages continuously host live music. Two outdoor stages are used, along with several tents named after deserts.[139] The primary stages that have been in use since Coachella's inception are:

  • Coachella Stage – the main stage that draws the largest crowds. This outdoor stage is where the headlining acts perform.
  • Outdoor Theatre – a smaller outdoor stage adjacent to the Coachella Stage
  • Mojave – a mid-size tent[140] named after the Mojave Desert that hosts acts across multiple genres and varying stages of development.[139] In 2017, it was moved behind an access road. A year later, it received further changes, as it was enlarged and moved again, this time to the Sahara's previous spot near the rose garden.[140]
  • Gobi – a mid-size tent named after the Gobi Desert that hosts acts across multiple genres and varying stages of development.[139] Like the Mojave, it was moved behind an access road in 2017.[140]
  • Sahara – a large, hangar-like tent named after the Sahara Desert. It generally hosts the top electronic dance music acts.[139] In 2013, the tent was expanded in size, reaching a height of 80 feet. Further changes were made in 2018, as it was built 25 percent larger and relocated west from the row of tents near the Empire Polo Club's rose garden to a spot on the Eldorado Polo Club near the festival entrance. The new location offers more shade and alleviates issues with foot traffic.[140][141] The stage was also moved from one of the open ends of the structure to one its sides, allowing a wider field of view to attendees.[141]

Additional performance areas have been added over time, including:

  • Yuma – a small indoor tent introduced in 2013[142] that primarily hosts emerging DJs.[139] The tent was intended to be "a sophisticated space that dials down the noise and strobe lights in favor of thoughtful sounds and underground acts".[142]
  • Sonora – a small indoor tent introduced in 2017 to host punk rock and Latin acts[139]
  • Heineken House – a small venue introduced in 2014. It was dedicated to "legendary musical performances" and "live mash-ups from a wide array of musical artists".[143] Originally designed as a walled structure to provide a club-like atmosphere, it was redesigned in 2019 to feature an open beer garden layout with a slanted roof, eliminating the long waiting lines and giving more visibility to attendees.[144]
  • Despacio – a small indoor tent used in 2016. Co-created by James Murphy of LCD Soundsystem, the venue played "slow-simmering disco and vintage club music" on vinyl with the intention of creating a joyful setting. It featured a 50,000 watt sound system and air conditioning.[145][146]
  • Antarctic – an indoor dome introduced in 2017 to screen 360-degree immersive videos. The structure is 120 feet in diameter, features 11,000 square feet in projection space and air conditioning, and can seat 500 people. Obscura Digital produced the film shown in 2017.[139][147]
  • Oasis Dome – used in 2006 and 2011

Art edit

 
Two art installations from Coachella 2014: Lightweaver and Escape Velocity. The latter piece was one of several giant moving art installations designed by Poetic Kinetics for past Coachella festivals.

In addition to hosting live music, Coachella is a showcase for visual arts, including installation art and sculpture. Many of the pieces are interactive, providing a visual treat for attendees.[148] Throughout the years, the art has grown in scale and outrageousness.[149] Paul Clemente, Coachella's art director since 2009,[150] said, "I think the level of detail and finish and artistry and scale and complexity and technology, everything is constantly getting notched up, ratcheted up. We're obviously constantly trying to, for lack of a better word, (to) outdo ourselves and make it better for the fans."[149]

In Coachella's early years, art was mostly recycled from the previous year's Burning Man festival, due to smaller budgets.[150] Between 2010 and 2015, Goldenvoice shifted its focus from renting pieces to commissioning them specifically for the festival, increasing their budget. Artists are given access to the grounds just 10 days before the festival, giving them a tight timeframe in which to assemble their pieces.[149] Due to the high cost of re-assembly, only about half of them appear again outside of Coachella.[148] Describing the festival's importance to art, Cynthia Washburn of art collective Poetic Kinetics said, "With all the exposure here, I think Coachella is becoming as attractive for artists as it is for the musicians."[151] In 2013, Clemente considered about 300 art proposals, the most in the festival's history for the time.[151] Poetic Kinetics has designed several giant moving art installations for past Coachella festivals, including a snail in 2013 ("Helix Poeticus"), an astronaut in 2014 ("Escape Velocity"), and a caterpillar that "metamorphosized" into a butterfly in 2015 ("Papilio Merraculous").[152] The collective reprised the astronaut for the 2019 festival ("Overview Effect"), with weathering affects applied to the design.[153]

Some of the works have been featured at Art Basel, and involved participants from architecture schools, both local and international. A few of the visual artists, such as Hotshot the Robot, Robochrist Industries, the Tesla Coil (Cauac), Cyclecide, and The Do LaB, alongside avant-garde performance troupe Lucent Dossier Experience, have appeared for several consecutive years.[citation needed] Poster artist Emek has produced limited edition posters every year since 2007.[citation needed]

Organization edit

As the host city to Coachella and the Stagecoach Festival, Indio provides several services such as police and fire protection, private security, medical services, outside law enforcement, and city staff services. These services for the three weekends of festivals totaled $2.77 million in 2012.[154] All public safety needs are coordinated by Indio's police department, requiring them to liaise with nearly 12 agencies, including police departments from nearby cities, the sheriff's department, California Highway Patrol, the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection, American Medical Response, and the California Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control.[154] To avoid disturbing local residents, a curfew for music performances is enforced; since 2010, it has been 1 a.m. on Friday and Saturday nights, an hour later than the previous curfew,[154] and midnight on Sunday nights.[82] Per a 2013 agreement with the City of Indio, Goldenvoice must pay a fine of $20,000 if it exceeds the curfew by five minutes, plus $1,000 for each additional minute beyond that. The fines benefit the city's General Fund, which covers operating costs, public work services, and the police and fire departments.[155]

Environmental sustainability edit

See also: Environmentalism in music
 
Coachella features Global Inheritance's TRASHed :: Art of Recycling campaign, in which artists from across the US design recycling bins.

Organizers of Coachella manage its carbon footprint by partnering with the organization Global Inheritance to promote several environmentally friendly initiatives. Global Inheritance's original project was its "TRASHed :: Art of Recycling" campaign, which challenges local artists to design and decorate recycling bins that are placed across the festival grounds.[156] Another program is "Carpoolchella"; launched in 2007,[156] it rewards festivalgoers who carpool in groups of four or more and display the word "Carpoolchella" on their cars by entering them in a drawing to win VIP tickets for life.[157] Through the 2014 festival, the program had 140,000 participants and more than 70 winners of lifetime festival passes.[158] In 2007, Coachella teamed up with Global Inheritance to start a 10-for-1 recycling program, in which anyone who collects ten empty water bottles receives a free full one. In 2009, the festival introduced $10 refillable water bottles, which purchasers could refill at water stations inside the festival and within the campgrounds.[159] Other programs used at the festival include solar powered DJ booths and seesaws used to charge mobile phones.[156]

About 600 staffers are required to collect the litter that accumulates during the festival. Resources are sorted individually on site before being taken to local landfills and recycling centers. Goldenvoice maintains a goal to "divert 90 percent of [its] recyclable and compostable materials". In 2013, staff diverted over 577,720,000 pounds of materials, comprising 36,860 tons of aluminum cans, 105,000 tons of cardboard, 65,360 tons of PET plastic, 47,040 tons of scrap metal, and 34,600 tons of glass.[160]

Camping edit

In 2003, Coachella began allowing tent camping as an option for festival lodging. The campground site is on a polo field adjacent to the venue grounds and has its own entrance on the south side of the venue. 2010 introduced many new features, such as re-entry from the campsite to the festival grounds, parking next to your tent, and recreational vehicle camping spots (recreational vehicle camping was offered one year only). For that festival, there were more than 17,000 campers. At the 2012 event, on-site facilities included recycling, a general store, showers, mobile phone charging stations and an internet cafe with free WiFi.[161]

Talent booking edit

Tollett begins to book artists for each festival as early as the previous August. In addition to agent pitches and artists discovered online, the lineup is culled from acts booked by Goldenvoice for their other 1,800 shows each year. Tollett uses the promoter's ticketing figures for insight into whom to book, saying: "There are AEG shows all across the country, and I see all their show lists and ticket counts. So I see little things that are happening maybe before some others, because they don't have that data."[162] The booking process takes approximately six months.[9] According to the Los Angeles Times, booking fees for most artists playing the festival allegedly start at $15,000 and extend into the "high six figures." Top-billed artists for 2010 were expected to receive over $1 million.[163] Billboard's sources estimated that non-headline acts can earn anywhere from $500 to $100,000.[162] According to a 2017 profile on Tollett in The New Yorker, that year's headlining performers received $3–4 million.[9] Beyoncé's 2018 performances and Ariana Grande's 2019 performances reportedly garnered them each $8 million.[164]

In booking the festival, Goldenvoice uses radius clauses that can prevent acts from performing in the vicinity of Coachella for a certain amount of time before and after the festival. The promoter has allowed some of Coachella's acts to make appearances in the region prior to the festival and between weekends, but only at events and venues owned or controlled by Goldenvoice's parent company AEG; one such example was Jay-Z's concert at Staples Center in 2010.[163][165][166] Goldenvoice now promotes these events, dubbed "Localchella", as a series of small warm-up shows for Coachella in Southern California.[167][168] In May 2018, AEG and its subsidiaries were sued by the Oregon-based Soul'D Out Festival for anti-competitive practices related to Coachella's radius clause. As part of the lawsuit, the clause's details were revealed. They stipulate that any artist performing at Coachella:[169][170]

  • Cannot perform at any other North American festival from December 15 to May 1.
  • Cannot play any hard ticket shows in Southern California from December 15 to May 1.
  • Cannot "advertise, publicize or leak" performances for competing festivals in California, Nevada, Oregon, Washington, or Arizona, or headlining performances in Southern California taking place after May 1 until after May 7.
  • Cannot announce festival appearances for the other 45 US states until after the January announcement of Coachella's lineup, except for South by Southwest, Ultra Music Festival, and the New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Festival.
  • Cannot publicize concerts in California, Arizona, Washington, or Oregon until after the January announcement of Coachella's lineup, except for performances in Las Vegas casinos.

Goldenvoice attempts to release the lineup poster as close to New Year's Day as possible, so that Coachella is the first major festival of the year to announce its lineup. This gives the promoter a competitive advantage over other festivals, many of which end up sharing headliners by the time they are all announced.[9] The Coachella lineup poster lists its music artists across several lines in gradually decreasing font sizes in descending order of prominence. The line on which an artist's name appears as well as their font size is a contentious topic between Goldenvoice and talent agents, as placement on the poster will often dictate an artist's future booking fee. Tollett said, "We have so many arguments over font sizes. I literally have gone to the mat over one point size."[9]

Promotion and commercial partnerships edit

Organizers were initially resistant to accepting sponsorship deals that would help Coachella turn a higher profit. In 2003, Tollett estimated that Goldenvoice could earn an additional $300,000 to $500,000 by adding a corporate sponsor to the festival name, but he did not want to violate the purity of the event. He said, "I hate it when you go to shows and you are bombarded with all this advertising. It just shows a lack of respect for your audience and the music."[23] Organizers have relaxed their opposition over the years. Brewing company Heineken N.V. has maintained a sponsorship with Coachella since 2002, and is the "official brew" of the festival.[171] The company has sponsored a small performance venue at the festival called the "Heineken House" since 2014, where attendees can drink Heineken beers and keep their cases of Heineken refrigerated.[143] Clothing retailer H&M added a small sponsored tent on the festival grounds in 2015,[172] where attendees could purchase items from the company's Coachella-inspired clothing line called "H&M Loves Coachella".[173] Information technology company HP has sponsored the Antarctic dome since 2017,[147] in addition to hosting a promotional tent.[174] HP's promotions included allowing attendees to design and print bandanas and tote bags, capture light drawing GIFs, design kaleidoscopes, and interact with a motion-reactive wall.[147][174] Tollett still objects to having the primary stages and tents sponsored: "I wouldn't let sponsors' logos on the stages. I feel like when the band is playing it should be you and the band, and it's a sacred moment."[9]

Since 2011, YouTube has live streamed performances from Coachella.[175] Initially, the first weekend was streamed across three separate channels.[137][176] In 2014, AXS TV began broadcasting the second weekend on television;[177] over 20 hours of live performances from the 2015 festival were broadcast on AXS TV.[178] Performances from the 2015 festival were also broadcast live on Sirius XM satellite radio for the first time.[179] In 2019, YouTube expanded its content for the festival livestream, which included a stream of both weekends of the festival for the first time. Weekend one included a premiere of Donald Glover's film Guava Island, while weekend two featured Coachella Curated, programming hosted by radio personality Jason Bentley that took "a deep dive into the festival experience" by offering "encore and live performances, artist commentary, mini-docs, animated adventures and more".[180] Coachella Curated was reprised for the 2022 festival's second weekend.[181] In 2023, Coachella's streaming agreement with YouTube was renewed through 2026,[175] and for the first time, performances from all six stages were streamed, covering both weekends.[182]

For 2016, organizers partnered with Vantage.tv to offer virtual reality (VR) content for the festival. Ticket holders received a cardboard VR viewer inspired by Google Cardboard in their Coachella welcome package that could be used with the Coachella VR mobile app (which was released on Android, iOS, and Samsung Gear VR). Content included 360-degree panoramic photos of previous events, virtual tours of the 2016 festival site, interviews, and performances.[183] That same year, YouTube live streamed performances from weekend two in 360 degrees for viewing with VR headsets.[184]

The success of Coachella has led its organizers to partner with other American music festivals. In 2003, Goldenvoice agreed to work with the organizers of Field Day, a New York-based festival modeled after Coachella, to help promote and produce the event,[185] although the show was completely overhauled from its original vision.[186] In September 2014, Goldenvoice announced it had entered into a joint venture with Red Frog Events to help them promote and produce their Firefly Music Festival.[187] In January 2015, a similar agreement was reached with the organizers of the Hangout Music Festival.[188]

Goldenvoice claimed it spent $700,000 in 2015 on "media and related content to promote Coachella".[189]

Brand protection edit

Goldenvoice has actively protected the Coachella brand. As of April 2018, they filed six lawsuits in the previous two years against outlets that attempted to use the Coachella name or the suffix "chella". The defendants included the music festival Hoodchella; the film festival Filmchella; energy company Phillips 66, which promoted a Coachella wristband giveaway that the festival's terms of services disallows; Sean Combs's event "Combschella"; Urban Outfitters; and a Whole Foods location in Palm Desert that promoted a "Wholechella" concert and tasting event. Another lawsuit was filed in September 2021 against radio presenter RaaShaun Casey (also known as DJ Envy) for his hip hop and auto show "Carchella", which he agreed to rename to "DJ Envy's Drive Your Dreams Car Show".[190][191] According to Goldenvoice's attorneys in one lawsuit, the litigation is one way the promoter attempts to "extensively police unauthorized use of the Coachella Marks". Although the Coachella name has been in use by a town in the Coachella Valley since before the festival was founded, the festival's success has imbued the name with "secondary meaning", allowing Goldenvoice to trademark it.[170]

In December 2021, Coachella won a restraining order against Live Nation's Coachella Day One 22 festival. A judge ruled that Live Nation is likely infringing trademarks by selling tickets to the event nearby.[192]

Impact and legacy edit

 
Fans attend a performance by Bassnectar at the Sahara tent in 2013

According to a 2015 ranking by online ticket retailer Viagogo, Coachella was the second-most in-demand concert ticket, trailing only the Tomorrowland festival.[193]

Coachella is considered a trendsetter in music and fashion. Singer Katy Perry said, "The lineup always introduces the best of the year for the rest of the year."[162]

Coachella has become known for the variety of distinctive apparel worn by attendees, which primarily include eclectic combinations of colors, materials, and ethnic borrowings.[194] The latter has also resulted in backlash regarding cultural appropriation, particularly for non-natives wearing Native American-inspired headdresses and body paint.[195][196][197]

According to a 2012 economic impact study, Coachella brought $254.4 million to the desert region that year;[198] of that total, Indio received $89.2 million in consumer spending and $1.4 million in tax revenue.[193] Goldenvoice's other festival at the Empire Polo Club, Stagecoach, has been called a "cousin" of Coachella, but it has grown at a faster pace, eventually selling out for the first time in 2012 with 55,000 attendees.[199] Together, the two festivals were estimated by experts to have a global impact of $704.75 million in 2016;[200] approximately $403.2 million of that was expected to impact the Coachella Valley,[200] $106 million of which would go to businesses in Indio.[201] The city was expected to gain $3.18 million in ticket taxes from the two festivals in 2016.[201]

The success of Coachella led to Goldenvoice holding additional music festivals at the Empire Polo Club. It founded the country music festival Stagecoach in 2007 and continues to hold it on an annual basis. In 2011, the promoter staged the Big 4 festival, so-named for its quadruple billing of the most prominent bands in thrash metal—Anthrax, Megadeth, Metallica, and Slayer.[202] In 2016, Goldenvoice staged Desert Trip, which featured older rock oriented and legacy acts such as the Rolling Stones, Paul McCartney, and Bob Dylan.[203]

Festival summary by year edit

See also: Coachella Festival line-ups
Edition Year Dates Headliners Gross
revenues 		Attendance or sales Avg. daily
attendance/sales
1st 1999 October 9–10
— 37,000 (sales)[16] 18,500
2nd 2001 April 28 Jane's Addiction — 32,000 (attendance)[26] 32,000
3rd 2002 April 27–28
— 55,000 (attendance)[22] 27,500
4th 2003 April 26–27
— 60,000 (attendance)[41] 30,000
5th 2004 May 1–2
— 110,000 (attendance)[22] 55,000
6th 2005 April 30 – May 1
— 100,000 (attendance)[44] 50,000
7th 2006 April 29–30
$9 million[45] 120,000 (attendance)[22] 60,000
8th 2007 April 27–29
$16.3 million[46] 187,000 (attendance)[46] 62,333
9th 2008 April 25–27
$13.8 million[46] 152,000 (attendance)[46] 51,000
10th 2009 April 17–19
$15.3 million[48] 153,000 (attendance)[48] 51,000
11th 2010 April 16–18
$21.7 million[54] 225,000 (attendance, agg.)[53] 75,000
12th 2011 April 15–17
$24.9 million[58] 225,000 (attendance, agg.)[59] 75,000
13th 2012
  • April 13–15
  • April 20–22
$47.3 million[69] 158,000 (sales)[69] 79,000
14th 2013
  • April 12–14
  • April 19–21
$67.2 million[73] 180,000 (attendance)[73] 90,000
15th 2014
  • April 11–13
  • April 18–20
$78.3 million[78] 579,000 (attendance, agg.)[78] 96,500
16th 2015
  • April 10–12
  • April 17–19
$84.2 million[79] 198,000 (sales)[79] 99,000
17th 2016
  • April 15–17
  • April 22–24
$94.2 million[84] 198,000 (sales)[84] 99,000
18th 2017
  • April 14–16
  • April 21–23
$114.6 million[94] 250,000 (attendance)[94] 125,000
19th 2018
  • April 13–15
  • April 20–22
— — —
20th 2019
  • April 12–14
  • April 19–21
— — —
— 2020 Scheduled:
  • April 10–12
  • April 17–19

Rescheduled:
  • October 9–11
  • October 16–18
 Scheduled:
[120]		 Cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[120]
— 2021 Scheduled:
  • April 9–11
  • April 16–18
 — Cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[204]
21st 2022
  • April 15–17
  • April 22–24
— — —
22nd 2023
  • April 14–16
  • April 21–23
— — —
23rd 2024
  • April 12–14
  • April 19–21
— — —

Awards and nominations edit

Billboard Touring Awards edit

Year Category Work Result Ref.
2011 Top Festival Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival Won [206]
2012 Won [207]
Top Boxscore Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival, April 13–22 Won
2013 Top Festival Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival Won [208]
2014 Won [209]
2015 Won [210]
2016 Won [211]
2017 Won [212]

International Dance Music Awards edit

Year Category Work Result Ref.
2008 Best Music Event Coachella – Indio, California Nominated [213]
2009 Nominated [214]
2010 Nominated [215]
2011 Nominated [216]
2012 Nominated [217]
2013 Nominated [218]
2014 Nominated [219]
2015 Nominated [220]
2016 Nominated [221]
2020[a] Best Festival Coachella Nominated [223]

Pollstar Awards edit

Year Category Result Ref.
1999 Music Festival of the Year Won [224]
2002 Nominated [225]
2003 Won [226]
2004 Won [227]
2005 Music Festival of the Year (non-touring) Nominated [228]
2006 Music Festival of the Year Won [229]
2007 Won [230]
2008 Music Festival of the Year (non-touring) Won [231]
2009 Won [232]
2010 Won [233]
2011 Major Music Festival of the Year (non-touring) Won [234]
2012 Major Music Festival of the Year Won [235]
2013 Won [236]
2014 Nominated [237]
2015 Won [81]
2016 Nominated [238]
2017 Won [239]
2018 Music Festival of the Year (over 30K attendance) Won [240]
2019 Music Festival of the Year (US Only; over 30K attendance) Nominated [241]
2022 Music Festival of the Year (Global; over 30K attendance) Nominated [242]
2024 Music Festival of the Year (Global: over 30K attendance) Nominated [243]

Explanatory notes edit

  1. ^ No award ceremony was held in 2017. In 2018 winners were chosen by the Winter Music Conference themselves. 2019 marks the first year of public voting since the Winter Music Conference's restructure.[222]

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External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Coachella.
  • The Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival official website
  • Coachella Music Festival | The Desert Sun
  • Coachella channel on YouTube

February 15, 2024
coachella, festival, request, that, this, article, title, changed, coachella, under, discussion, please, move, this, article, until, discussion, closed, coachella, officially, called, coachella, valley, music, arts, festival, sometimes, known, coachella, festi. A request that this article title be changed to Coachella is under discussion Please do not move this article until the discussion is closed Coachella officially called Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival and sometimes known as Coachella Festival is an annual music and arts festival held at the Empire Polo Club in Indio California in the Coachella Valley in the Colorado Desert It was co founded by Paul Tollett and Rick Van Santen in 1999 and is organized by Goldenvoice a subsidiary of AEG Presents 2 The event features musical artists from many genres of music including rock pop indie hip hop and electronic dance music as well as art installations and sculptures Across the grounds several stages continuously host live music Coachella Valley Music and Arts FestivalCoachella in 2018GenreRock pop indie hip hop electronic dance musicDatesConsecutive 3 day weekends in April currently Location s Empire Polo Club Indio California U S Coordinates33 40 41 N 116 14 02 W 33 678 N 116 234 W 33 678 116 234Years active1999 2001 2019 2022 presentFounded byPaul Tollett and Rick Van SantenAttendance250 000 2017 two weekend total Capacity125 000 1 Organized byGoldenvoiceWebsitecoachella wbr comThe festival s origins trace back to a 1993 concert that Pearl Jam performed at the Empire Polo Club while boycotting venues controlled by Ticketmaster The show validated the site s viability for hosting large events leading to the inaugural Coachella Festival being held over the course of two days in October 1999 three months after Woodstock 99 After no event was held in 2000 Coachella returned on an annual basis beginning in April 2001 as a single day event In 2002 the festival reverted to a two day format Coachella was expanded to a third day in 2007 and eventually a second weekend in 2012 it is now held on consecutive three day weekends in April with the same lineup each weekend Organizers began permitting spectators to camp on the grounds in 2003 one of several expansions and additions in the festival s history The festival was not held in 2020 and 2021 due to the COVID 19 pandemic 3 Coachella showcases popular and established musical artists as well as emerging artists and reunited groups It is one of the largest most famous and most profitable music festivals in the United States and the world 4 5 Each Coachella staged from 2013 to 2015 set new records for festival attendance and gross revenues The 2017 festival was attended by 250 000 people and grossed 114 6 million Coachella s success led to Goldenvoice establishing additional music festivals at the site including the annual Stagecoach country music festival beginning in 2007 the Big 4 thrash metal festival in 2011 and the classic rock oriented Desert Trip in 2016 Contents 1 History 1 1 1999 2001 2002 1 2 2003 2005 1 3 2006 2008 1 4 2009 2011 1 5 2012 2014 1 6 2015 2017 1 7 2018 2019 1 8 2020 present 2 Location and festival grounds 3 Art 4 Organization 4 1 Environmental sustainability 4 2 Camping 5 Talent booking 6 Promotion and commercial partnerships 6 1 Brand protection 7 Impact and legacy 8 Festival summary by year 9 Awards and nominations 9 1 Billboard Touring Awards 9 2 International Dance Music Awards 9 3 Pollstar Awards 10 Explanatory notes 11 References 12 External linksHistory editEven before we looked at Empire Polo Club it hit us We wanted it to be far So you surrender So you can t leave your house and see a couple bands and be back home that night We want you to go out there get tired and curse the show by Sunday afternoon That sunset and that whole feeling of Coachella hits you Coachella co founder Paul Tollett describing the rationale behind the festival s location 6 On November 5 1993 Pearl Jam performed for almost 25 000 fans at the Empire Polo Club in Indio California 7 The site was selected because the band refused to play in Los Angeles as a result of a dispute with Ticketmaster over service charges applied to ticket purchases 8 9 The show established the polo club s suitability for large scale events Paul Tollett whose concert promotion company Goldenvoice booked the venue for Pearl Jam said the concert sowed the seeds for an eventual music festival there 6 Around 1997 Goldenvoice was struggling to book concerts against larger companies and they were unable to offer guarantees as high as their competitors such as SFX Entertainment Tollett said We were getting our ass kicked financially We were losing a lot of bands And we couldn t compete with the money 10 As a result the idea of a music festival was conceived and Tollett began to brainstorm ideas for one with multiple venues His intent was to book trendy artists who were not necessarily chart successes Maybe if you put a bunch of them together that might be a magnet for a lot of people 8 While attending the 1997 Glastonbury Festival Tollett handed out pamphlets to artists and talent managers that featured pictures of the Empire Polo Club and pitched a possible festival there In contrast to the frequently muddy conditions at Glastonbury caused by rain he recalled We had this pamphlet showing sunny Coachella Everyone was laughing 9 After scouting several sites for their festival 6 Tollett and Goldenvoice co president Rick Van Santen returned to the Empire Polo Club during the Big Gig festival in 1998 Impressed by the location s suitability for a festival they decided to book their event there 8 The promoters had hoped to stage their inaugural festival in 1998 but were unable to until the following year 9 On July 16 1999 Goldenvoice announced that the Indio City Council had approved the festival and would provide 90 000 for services such as traffic control and public safety The funds came with a guarantee of repayment from the promoter as the city was keen to avoid incurring another loss the previous year s Big Gig festival cost Indio 16 000 due to last minute changes to the lineup and poor attendance 11 The Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival was officially announced on July 28 with a preliminary lineup of 40 acts 12 tickets went on sale on August 7 13 Coachella s announcement came just one week after the conclusion of Woodstock 99 a festival in July 1999 that was marred by looting arson violence and rapes Goldenvoice s insurance costs increased 40 as a result and the company faced uncertainty regarding Coachella s tickets 9 14 Organizers were already aiming to provide a high comfort festival experience for Coachella but rededicated themselves to those efforts after Woodstock 99 Advertisements boasted free water fountains ample restrooms and misting tents 14 Retrospectively Tollett called the decision to announce a new festival just two months prior to staging it financial suicide 9 1999 2001 2002 edit On October 9 10 1999 the inaugural Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival was held Headlining the event were Beck Tool and Rage Against the Machine other acts included the Chemical Brothers Morrissey A Perfect Circle Jurassic 5 and Underworld Originally promoters had hoped to make the event three days Friday to Sunday and even considered the UK group Massive Attack as the third day headliner 15 The organizers strove to recreate European music festivals with small crowds in a great setting with plenty of turntables 16 By booking acts based on artistry rather than radio popularity Coachella earned the title of the anti Woodstock 17 Tickets sold for 50 for each day about 17 000 tickets sold for the first day and 20 000 for the second 16 falling short of the overall attendance goal of 70 000 18 Attendees were offered free parking and a free bottle of water upon entrance 16 The event went smoothly with the well behaved crowd starkly contrasting with the violence that plagued Woodstock 99 the biggest challenges to Coachella concertgoers were temperatures exceeding 100 F and the decisions of which of the 80 plus acts to attend 17 18 19 The festival was well regarded among attendees and critics Pollstar named it festival of the year and Robert Hilburn of the Los Angeles Times said that it laid the foundation for what someday may be a legacy of its own 20 21 However Goldenvoice lost 850 000 on the undertaking 22 forcing the promoter in Tollett s words to struggle for almost two years to survive as a company 23 Prominent acts including the headliners agreed to receive deferred compensation 24 Goldenvoice reserved tentative dates for October 2000 to reprise the festival 25 but ultimately canceled for that year Tollett blamed it on the oversaturation of music festivals in Southern California 20 Instead Goldenvoice partnered with promoter Pasquale Rotella to stage the electronic dance music festival Nocturnal Wonderland at the Empire Polo Club in September 2000 26 27 Goldenvoice opted to bring Coachella back in April 2001 in an attempt to beat the heat 20 28 Ticket prices were raised to 65 29 Organizers encountered difficulty booking acts for the festival and due to available talent were forced to shorten the festival to a single day 30 Issues with securing a headliner threatened to doom the event until Perry Farrell agreed to bring his reunited group Jane s Addiction to the proceedings 31 Amidst financial concerns Tollett agreed to sell Goldenvoice to Anschutz Entertainment Group AEG in March 2001 for 7 million 32 AEG which had opened Staples Center in Los Angeles two years prior purchased the promoter to help them find shows to book The corporation wanted Tollett to continue staging Coachella understanding that it initially would lose money 9 Tollett initially retained full control of Coachella as a result of the acquisition 31 33 Like its predecessor the 2001 festival went smoothly 23 32 000 people attended 26 and despite taking a loss again Tollett estimates it was a low low six figure sum 23 For its third outing Coachella reverted to a two day format and took place from April 27 28 2002 Tollett said that the event was expanded to a second day after more acts began expressing interest in participating 34 With around 60 artists performing 35 the festival featured headliners Bjork and Oasis along with a reunion of Siouxsie and the Banshees 36 Palm Desert natives Queens of the Stone Age became the first local band to play the festival 22 Multiple changes were made for that year one less tent was used 37 reducing the number of stages from five to four 34 and a fence in the middle of the polo field was removed to increase the openness of the site 37 The strong supporting acts helped prove to the Indio community that the event could bring in money and take place without conflict More than 55 000 people attended over the two days 22 and for the first time the festival nearly broke even 23 2003 2005 edit The 2003 festival took place from April 26 27 10 Among the 82 acts booked by Goldenvoice were headliners Red Hot Chili Peppers and Beastie Boys as well as a reunited Iggy Pop and the Stooges Performances were held on two outdoor stages and in three tents 38 Ticket prices remained 75 per day but were increased to 140 for a two day pass 10 For the first time on site camping was offered 39 the Indio City Council approved overnight camping at the site permitting up to four people on each of the 2 252 camping spots 40 The festival drew 60 000 people the largest Coachella crowd to that point 41 The festival began to develop worldwide interest and receive national renown nbsp Goldenvoice s Paul Tollett credits Radiohead s appearance at the 2004 festival pictured with elevating the festival s stature In late December 2003 Van Santen died at the age of 41 from flu related complications 2 With Tollett left he sold half of Coachella to AEG in 2004 along with the controlling interest in the festival 9 The 2004 event featured a lineup of more than 80 acts 42 with Radiohead and the Cure as headliners along with a reunion of the Pixies It was Coachella s first sellout drawing a two day total of 110 000 people For the first time the festival attracted attendees from all 50 US states 22 The event was critically acclaimed Hilburn called it the premier pop music festival in the country while Rolling Stone labeled it America s Best Music Festival Tollett said that 2004 was the turning point for Coachella and he credited booking Radiohead with elevating the festival s stature and interest among musicians However he also described that year s event as a missed opportunity as he passed on a chance to expand it to a third day that could have featured David Bowie as a headliner 42 The 2005 event ran from April 30 to May 1 and featured Coldplay and Nine Inch Nails as headliners along with a reunion of Bauhaus A planned reunion of Cocteau Twins was ultimately cancelled by the group 43 Approximately 50 000 people attended each day of the festival 44 2006 2008 edit nbsp Daft Punk s performance at Coachella 2006 is frequently cited as one of the most memorable in the festival s history The 2006 event featured headliners Depeche Mode and Tool Two of the most popular performances were Madonna who played in an overflowing dance tent and Daft Punk whose show featuring a pyramid shaped stage is cited as one of the most memorable performances in Coachella history 22 Around 120 000 concertgoers attended the event over two days 22 garnering Goldenvoice a gross of 9 million 45 In 2007 Goldenvoice inaugurated the Stagecoach Festival an annual country music festival that also takes place at the Empire Polo Club the weekend following Coachella The new event helped avert complications with organizing Coachella the polo club s owner Alex Haagen III had been planning to redevelop the land unless a new profitable event could be created to make a long term lease with Goldenvoice financially feasible 8 Along with the new festival s addition Coachella was permanently extended to three days in 2007 The headlining acts were Red Hot Chili Peppers the reunited Rage Against the Machine and Bjork all of whom headlined for the second time The festival compiled a three day aggregate attendance of over 186 000 a new best and grossed 16 3 million 46 In 2008 Coachella did not sell out for the first time since 2003 It featured headliners Prince Roger Waters and Jack Johnson Waters inflatable prop pig flew away during his set 22 The 2008 festival drew an attendance of 151 666 and grossed 13 8 million 46 but lost money due to tickets not selling out and high booking fees paid for Prince and Roger Waters 8 24 2009 2011 edit The 2009 festival occurred a week earlier than usual The new dates were April 17 18 and 19 The event featured headliners Paul McCartney The Killers and The Cure On Friday McCartney blew past the festival s strict curfew by 54 minutes 22 Sunday The Cure had their performance end abruptly with the festival cutting stage power after passing their own curfew by 30 minutes 47 Notable performances included Franz Ferdinand M I A whose 2005 encore set in a tent was a first at the fest Yeah Yeah Yeahs and rare appearances from artists Leonard Cohen Dr Dog and Throbbing Gristle The festival drew an aggregate attendance of 152 962 and grossed 15 328 863 48 Organizers eliminated single day ticket sales for 2010 and instead instituted a new policy offering three day tickets only 49 which drew mixed reactions 50 Headliners included Jay Z Muse and Gorillaz and reunions of Faith No More and Pavement 51 Despite Tollett s reservations about holding a festival in 2010 due to the economy 52 Coachella drew 75 000 spectators each day that year for an estimated aggregate attendance of 225 000 surpassing previous records 53 Thousands of fans broke through fences leading to concerns about overcrowding 22 The festival grossed 21 703 500 54 International travel was disrupted by the eruption of the Eyjafjallajokull volcano in Iceland resulting in some European acts such as Frightened Rabbit Gary Numan and Delphic canceling their appearances at the festival 55 Prior to the 2011 festival Goldenvoice made several investments and improvements locally to help support Coachella In addition to funding an additional lane for Avenue 50 which borders the festival the promoter cleared additional space on the polo grounds by leveling a 250 000 square foot area and moving horse stables 56 Lighting and security were also enhanced to help the festival run more smoothly 22 The headliners for that year s event were Kings of Leon Arcade Fire Kanye West and The Strokes along with another 190 supporting acts 57 The 2011 festival grossed 24 993 698 58 from 75 000 paid attendees for an aggregate attendance of 225 000 across the entire three day weekend 59 2012 2014 edit On May 31 2011 Goldenvoice announced that beginning with the 2012 festival Coachella would be expanded to a second separately ticketed weekend with identical lineups for each 60 Explaining the decision Tollett said that demand for tickets was up in 2011 even after operations weren t the best they ve ever had in 2010 and that he did not want to satisfy that demand by allowing additional attendees to overcrowd the venue 61 Rolling Stone called it a very risky move and said there was no guarantee that demand would be high enough to sell out the same bill over two consecutive weekends 60 Nonetheless 2012 tickets sold out in less than three hours 62 nbsp The 2012 festival during sunsetThe 2012 festival featured headliners the Black Keys Radiohead and a twin billing of Dr Dre and Snoop Dogg 22 During the latter s performances a projection of deceased rapper Tupac Shakur appeared on stage 63 64 a voice actor performed his introduction lines and began performing Hail Mary and 2 of Amerikaz Most Wanted 65 Although the media referred to the technology as a hologram the projection was in fact created using the Musion Eyeliner system which employs a version of Pepper s ghost 66 67 Following the performance the projection disappeared Dr Dre had asked permission from Shakur s mother Afeni who said the next day that she was thrilled with the performance 68 A projection of deceased singer Nate Dogg was also planned but Dr Dre decided against it The 2012 festival grossed 47 313 403 from 158 387 paid attendees across the two weekends 80 726 tickets were sold for the first weekend and 77 661 for the second 69 nbsp Coachella grounds in 2013Prior to the 2013 festival it was announced that Goldenvoice had reached a deal with the city of Indio to keep the Coachella and Stagecoach Festivals there through 2030 As part of the agreement Indio s per ticket share of revenue would increase from 2 33 per ticket to 5 01 70 Headlining the 2013 festival were Blur The Stone Roses Phoenix and Red Hot Chili Peppers 71 General admission tickets sold for 349 a 34 increase from the previous year 72 The festival grossed 67 2 million in ticket sales and was attended by 180 000 people making it the top music festival in the world 73 In July 2013 Goldenvoice finalized a 30 million purchase of 280 acres of land surrounding the Empire Polo Club including the 200 acre Eldorado Polo Club The land previously leased from Eldorado will be used to provide more space for parking and general use for the festival 74 Tollett said the purchase was intended to help Goldenvoice put in some infrastructure so they don t have to keep coming back and do the same things each year 75 The 2014 festival held on April 11 13 and April 18 20 featured 184 artists 76 A reunited Outkast headlined on Friday Muse on Saturday and Arcade Fire on Sunday 77 General admission tickets sold out in less than 20 minutes while all other tickets including VIP tickets in excess of 5 000 sold out in less than 3 hours citation needed That year s festival featured 96 500 daily attendees and grossed a record breaking 78 332 million 78 79 For the fourth consecutive year Coachella was named the Top Festival at the Billboard Touring Awards 79 2015 2017 edit nbsp A view of the ferris wheel from the polo grounds during Coachella 2015The 2015 festival held on April 10 12 and 17 19 80 featured headliners AC DC Jack White and Drake with a surprise appearance by Madonna during the latter s weekend one performance General admission tickets again sold out in less than 20 minutes citation needed The event established new records for tickets sold 198 000 and total gross 84 264 264 for a festival 79 The festival won Pollstar s award for Major Music Festival of the Year 81 marking the 10th time in 11 years that Coachella had won the award 82 In March 2016 the Indio City Council passed a measure to raise the attendance cap for Coachella from 99 000 to 125 000 stipulating that the capacity would gradually be increased giving the city time to accommodate the crowds Goldenvoice increased the venue size by about 50 acres along Monroe Street Avenue 50 Avenue 52 and Polo Road 83 The 2016 festival was held on April 15 17 and 22 24 and was headlined by a reunited LCD Soundsystem a reunited Guns N Roses with original members Axl Rose Slash and Duff McKagan and Calvin Harris Ice Cube s appearance featured a reunion of N W A while Guns N Roses first weekend performance featured a guest appearance from Angus Young of AC DC who headlined the previous year the cameo occurred the same day that Rose was announced as the new singer for AC DC Weekend two was marked by several tributes to Prince the 2008 headliner who died just prior to the weekend s shows The festival sold 198 000 tickets and grossed 94 2 million 84 85 In January 2017 reports circulated that AEG owner Philip Anschutz had donated to many right wing causes including organizations promoting LGBTQ discrimination and climate change denial 86 The news led to calls for fans to boycott the festival 87 Anschutz decried the controversy as fake news saying he would never knowingly contribute to an anti LGBTQ organization and would cease donations to any such group of which he became aware 88 The 2017 edition of Coachella took place from April 14 16 and April 21 23 and featured Radiohead Lady Gaga and Kendrick Lamar as headlining artists 89 Beyonce was originally announced as a headliner but was forced to withdraw at the advice of her doctors after she became pregnant she announced that she would instead headline the 2018 festival 90 91 Tickets sold out within a few hours of going on sale 92 The event saw the debut of the new daytime only Sonora tent 93 The 2017 festival drew 250 000 attendees and grossed 114 6 million 94 marking the first time a recurring festival grossed over 100 million 95 Between the two weekends of Coachella scenes for the film A Star Is Born starring Lady Gaga and Bradley Cooper were filmed on the festival grounds 96 2018 2019 edit nbsp The main stage in 2018The 2018 festival featured headlining performances from the Weeknd Beyonce and Eminem Making up for her cancellation the previous year Beyonce became the first African American woman to headline the festival Her performances paid tribute to the culture of historically Black colleges and universities 97 featuring a full marching band and majorette dancers 98 while incorporating various aspects of Black Greek life such as a step show along with strolling by pledges The performances were also influenced by Black feminism sampling Black authors and featuring on stage appearances by fellow Destiny s Child members Kelly Rowland and Michelle Williams as well as sister Solange Knowles 99 Beyonce s performances received immediate widespread praise 100 101 102 and were described by many media outlets as historic 103 104 105 The New York Times music critic Jon Caramanica wrote There s not likely to be a more meaningful absorbing forceful and radical performance by an American musician this year or any year soon than Beyonce s headlining set 101 Her performance garnered 458 000 simultaneous viewers on YouTube to become the festival s most viewed performance to date and the entire festival had 41 million total viewers making it the most livestreamed event ever 106 107 A report in Teen Vogue described rampant sexual harassment and assault at the 2018 festival and the author said she was groped 22 times in 10 hours 108 In response Goldenvoice announced a new initiative in January 2019 called Every One which comprises fan resources and policies to combat sexual misconduct and improve the festival s responses to such behavior Safety ambassadors were made available to direct attendees to professional counselors and specially marked locations were added for attendees to seek services or report incidents of sexual misconduct One of the program s goals stated We are taking deliberate steps to develop a festival culture that is safe and inclusive for everyone 109 Coachella celebrated its 20th anniversary in 2019 Taking place from April 12 14 and 19 21 the festival was headlined by Childish Gambino Tame Impala and Ariana Grande 110 111 At 25 years old Grande became the youngest artist to headline the festival and just its fourth female headliner 112 The festival was beset with several challenges Justin Timberlake was reportedly slated to headline but had to cancel after bruising his vocal cords 113 Goldenvoice was also forced to abandon plans for Kanye West to headline as they could not accommodate his request to build a giant dome for his performance in the middle of the festival grounds West was instead allowed to hold the first public Sunday Service performance on Easter on April 21 at the venue s campgrounds 114 West and a gospel choir performed an approximately 33 song set list of his songs as well as classic R amp B and gospel covers 115 The first weekend of the festival suffered audio technical difficulties with several high profile performances 116 The following weekend The Daily Beast published a report of the alleged inhumane treatment of the festival s security guards The workers cited poor tent conditions insufficient food and water long hours in the harsh sun minimum wages and poor communication and coordination between the organizers and the subcontracting security firms 117 2020 present edit The 2020 festival was originally scheduled to take place on April 10 12 and April 17 19 with Rage Against the Machine Travis Scott and Frank Ocean as the headlining acts 118 119 Due to the COVID 19 pandemic the festival was initially postponed until October 9 11 and October 16 18 3 but in June Riverside County public health officers announced it and Stagecoach had been cancelled altogether due to a ban on public gatherings as well as lockdowns and travel restrictions 120 On April 10 a documentary profiling the festival s 20 year history Coachella 20 Years in the Desert was released on YouTube to coincide with the original start date of the 2020 event 121 The 2021 festival was also cancelled as a result of pandemic restrictions in California and the threats of the COVID 19 variants 122 Coachella returned in 2022 on April 15 17 and April 22 24 123 The headlining lineup initially comprised Harry Styles Billie Eilish Kanye West and Swedish House Mafia 124 Less than two weeks before the festival West withdrew The vacancy in the Sunday night headliner slot was filled by Swedish House Mafia who previously had not been scheduled for a specific day for a joint performance with the Weeknd 125 While not advertised as a headlining act Arcade Fire was added to the official 2022 schedule on April 14 a day before the festival s first weekend 126 The 2023 edition of Coachella which took place from April 14 16 and April 21 23 was also beset with last minute lineup changes The originally announced headliners were Bad Bunny Blackpink and Frank Ocean the former two were Coachella s first Latin and Korean headliners respectively 127 In the days leading up to the first weekend Ocean suffered leg injuries from an alleged bicycle accident on the festival grounds The production for his performance was then scaled down extensively 128 plans to utilize an ice rink with over 100 skaters were scrapped at the last minute 129 forcing festival crew to hurriedly melt the ice surface 130 Ocean began his performance an hour late and after exceeding the festival curfew by 25 minutes he abruptly ended his show 131 He subsequently withdrew from the second weekend citing recommendations from his doctor Blink 182 which reunited its classic lineup and had been added to the festival two days before it began 132 was promoted to fill the second weekend s headlining vacancy on Sunday night 133 After they performed the trio of DJs Skrillex Four Tet and Fred Again all of whom were added to the lineup the day before the second weekend began concluded the festival 134 According to reports Goldenvoice will incur more than 4 million in losses from the production costs associated with Ocean s unused ice rink more than his booking fee for the performance The promoters were also fined 133 000 for curfew violations from the opening weekend 135 Location and festival grounds edit nbsp 123456789Layout and performance areas for 2016 festival1Coachella Stage2Outdoor Theatre3Gobi4Mojave5Sahara6Yuma7Heineken House8Despacio9The Do LaBCoachella takes place in Indio California located in the Inland Empire region s Coachella Valley within the Colorado Desert Temperatures during the festival s history have ranged from 106 F 41 C on April 21 2012 to 43 F 6 C on April 14 2012 136 The festival is hosted at the 78 acre Empire Polo Club 137 when accounting for land used for parking and camping the event covers a footprint of approximately 642 acres 138 The site is about 125 miles 200 km east of Los Angeles 52 During the festival several stages continuously host live music Two outdoor stages are used along with several tents named after deserts 139 The primary stages that have been in use since Coachella s inception are Coachella Stage the main stage that draws the largest crowds This outdoor stage is where the headlining acts perform Outdoor Theatre a smaller outdoor stage adjacent to the Coachella Stage Mojave a mid size tent 140 named after the Mojave Desert that hosts acts across multiple genres and varying stages of development 139 In 2017 it was moved behind an access road A year later it received further changes as it was enlarged and moved again this time to the Sahara s previous spot near the rose garden 140 Gobi a mid size tent named after the Gobi Desert that hosts acts across multiple genres and varying stages of development 139 Like the Mojave it was moved behind an access road in 2017 140 Sahara a large hangar like tent named after the Sahara Desert It generally hosts the top electronic dance music acts 139 In 2013 the tent was expanded in size reaching a height of 80 feet Further changes were made in 2018 as it was built 25 percent larger and relocated west from the row of tents near the Empire Polo Club s rose garden to a spot on the Eldorado Polo Club near the festival entrance The new location offers more shade and alleviates issues with foot traffic 140 141 The stage was also moved from one of the open ends of the structure to one its sides allowing a wider field of view to attendees 141 Additional performance areas have been added over time including Yuma a small indoor tent introduced in 2013 142 that primarily hosts emerging DJs 139 The tent was intended to be a sophisticated space that dials down the noise and strobe lights in favor of thoughtful sounds and underground acts 142 Sonora a small indoor tent introduced in 2017 to host punk rock and Latin acts 139 Heineken House a small venue introduced in 2014 It was dedicated to legendary musical performances and live mash ups from a wide array of musical artists 143 Originally designed as a walled structure to provide a club like atmosphere it was redesigned in 2019 to feature an open beer garden layout with a slanted roof eliminating the long waiting lines and giving more visibility to attendees 144 Despacio a small indoor tent used in 2016 Co created by James Murphy of LCD Soundsystem the venue played slow simmering disco and vintage club music on vinyl with the intention of creating a joyful setting It featured a 50 000 watt sound system and air conditioning 145 146 Antarctic an indoor dome introduced in 2017 to screen 360 degree immersive videos The structure is 120 feet in diameter features 11 000 square feet in projection space and air conditioning and can seat 500 people Obscura Digital produced the film shown in 2017 139 147 Oasis Dome used in 2006 and 2011Art edit nbsp Two art installations from Coachella 2014 Lightweaver and Escape Velocity The latter piece was one of several giant moving art installations designed by Poetic Kinetics for past Coachella festivals In addition to hosting live music Coachella is a showcase for visual arts including installation art and sculpture Many of the pieces are interactive providing a visual treat for attendees 148 Throughout the years the art has grown in scale and outrageousness 149 Paul Clemente Coachella s art director since 2009 150 said I think the level of detail and finish and artistry and scale and complexity and technology everything is constantly getting notched up ratcheted up We re obviously constantly trying to for lack of a better word to outdo ourselves and make it better for the fans 149 In Coachella s early years art was mostly recycled from the previous year s Burning Man festival due to smaller budgets 150 Between 2010 and 2015 Goldenvoice shifted its focus from renting pieces to commissioning them specifically for the festival increasing their budget Artists are given access to the grounds just 10 days before the festival giving them a tight timeframe in which to assemble their pieces 149 Due to the high cost of re assembly only about half of them appear again outside of Coachella 148 Describing the festival s importance to art Cynthia Washburn of art collective Poetic Kinetics said With all the exposure here I think Coachella is becoming as attractive for artists as it is for the musicians 151 In 2013 Clemente considered about 300 art proposals the most in the festival s history for the time 151 Poetic Kinetics has designed several giant moving art installations for past Coachella festivals including a snail in 2013 Helix Poeticus an astronaut in 2014 Escape Velocity and a caterpillar that metamorphosized into a butterfly in 2015 Papilio Merraculous 152 The collective reprised the astronaut for the 2019 festival Overview Effect with weathering affects applied to the design 153 Some of the works have been featured at Art Basel and involved participants from architecture schools both local and international A few of the visual artists such as Hotshot the Robot Robochrist Industries the Tesla Coil Cauac Cyclecide and The Do LaB alongside avant garde performance troupe Lucent Dossier Experience have appeared for several consecutive years citation needed Poster artist Emek has produced limited edition posters every year since 2007 citation needed Organization editAs the host city to Coachella and the Stagecoach Festival Indio provides several services such as police and fire protection private security medical services outside law enforcement and city staff services These services for the three weekends of festivals totaled 2 77 million in 2012 154 All public safety needs are coordinated by Indio s police department requiring them to liaise with nearly 12 agencies including police departments from nearby cities the sheriff s department California Highway Patrol the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection American Medical Response and the California Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control 154 To avoid disturbing local residents a curfew for music performances is enforced since 2010 it has been 1 a m on Friday and Saturday nights an hour later than the previous curfew 154 and midnight on Sunday nights 82 Per a 2013 agreement with the City of Indio Goldenvoice must pay a fine of 20 000 if it exceeds the curfew by five minutes plus 1 000 for each additional minute beyond that The fines benefit the city s General Fund which covers operating costs public work services and the police and fire departments 155 Environmental sustainability edit See also Environmentalism in music nbsp Coachella features Global Inheritance s TRASHed Art of Recycling campaign in which artists from across the US design recycling bins Organizers of Coachella manage its carbon footprint by partnering with the organization Global Inheritance to promote several environmentally friendly initiatives Global Inheritance s original project was its TRASHed Art of Recycling campaign which challenges local artists to design and decorate recycling bins that are placed across the festival grounds 156 Another program is Carpoolchella launched in 2007 156 it rewards festivalgoers who carpool in groups of four or more and display the word Carpoolchella on their cars by entering them in a drawing to win VIP tickets for life 157 Through the 2014 festival the program had 140 000 participants and more than 70 winners of lifetime festival passes 158 In 2007 Coachella teamed up with Global Inheritance to start a 10 for 1 recycling program in which anyone who collects ten empty water bottles receives a free full one In 2009 the festival introduced 10 refillable water bottles which purchasers could refill at water stations inside the festival and within the campgrounds 159 Other programs used at the festival include solar powered DJ booths and seesaws used to charge mobile phones 156 About 600 staffers are required to collect the litter that accumulates during the festival Resources are sorted individually on site before being taken to local landfills and recycling centers Goldenvoice maintains a goal to divert 90 percent of its recyclable and compostable materials In 2013 staff diverted over 577 720 000 pounds of materials comprising 36 860 tons of aluminum cans 105 000 tons of cardboard 65 360 tons of PET plastic 47 040 tons of scrap metal and 34 600 tons of glass 160 Camping edit In 2003 Coachella began allowing tent camping as an option for festival lodging The campground site is on a polo field adjacent to the venue grounds and has its own entrance on the south side of the venue 2010 introduced many new features such as re entry from the campsite to the festival grounds parking next to your tent and recreational vehicle camping spots recreational vehicle camping was offered one year only For that festival there were more than 17 000 campers At the 2012 event on site facilities included recycling a general store showers mobile phone charging stations and an internet cafe with free WiFi 161 Talent booking editTollett begins to book artists for each festival as early as the previous August In addition to agent pitches and artists discovered online the lineup is culled from acts booked by Goldenvoice for their other 1 800 shows each year Tollett uses the promoter s ticketing figures for insight into whom to book saying There are AEG shows all across the country and I see all their show lists and ticket counts So I see little things that are happening maybe before some others because they don t have that data 162 The booking process takes approximately six months 9 According to the Los Angeles Times booking fees for most artists playing the festival allegedly start at 15 000 and extend into the high six figures Top billed artists for 2010 were expected to receive over 1 million 163 Billboard s sources estimated that non headline acts can earn anywhere from 500 to 100 000 162 According to a 2017 profile on Tollett in The New Yorker that year s headlining performers received 3 4 million 9 Beyonce s 2018 performances and Ariana Grande s 2019 performances reportedly garnered them each 8 million 164 In booking the festival Goldenvoice uses radius clauses that can prevent acts from performing in the vicinity of Coachella for a certain amount of time before and after the festival The promoter has allowed some of Coachella s acts to make appearances in the region prior to the festival and between weekends but only at events and venues owned or controlled by Goldenvoice s parent company AEG one such example was Jay Z s concert at Staples Center in 2010 163 165 166 Goldenvoice now promotes these events dubbed Localchella as a series of small warm up shows for Coachella in Southern California 167 168 In May 2018 AEG and its subsidiaries were sued by the Oregon based Soul D Out Festival for anti competitive practices related to Coachella s radius clause As part of the lawsuit the clause s details were revealed They stipulate that any artist performing at Coachella 169 170 Cannot perform at any other North American festival from December 15 to May 1 Cannot play any hard ticket shows in Southern California from December 15 to May 1 Cannot advertise publicize or leak performances for competing festivals in California Nevada Oregon Washington or Arizona or headlining performances in Southern California taking place after May 1 until after May 7 Cannot announce festival appearances for the other 45 US states until after the January announcement of Coachella s lineup except for South by Southwest Ultra Music Festival and the New Orleans Jazz amp Heritage Festival Cannot publicize concerts in California Arizona Washington or Oregon until after the January announcement of Coachella s lineup except for performances in Las Vegas casinos Goldenvoice attempts to release the lineup poster as close to New Year s Day as possible so that Coachella is the first major festival of the year to announce its lineup This gives the promoter a competitive advantage over other festivals many of which end up sharing headliners by the time they are all announced 9 The Coachella lineup poster lists its music artists across several lines in gradually decreasing font sizes in descending order of prominence The line on which an artist s name appears as well as their font size is a contentious topic between Goldenvoice and talent agents as placement on the poster will often dictate an artist s future booking fee Tollett said We have so many arguments over font sizes I literally have gone to the mat over one point size 9 Promotion and commercial partnerships editOrganizers were initially resistant to accepting sponsorship deals that would help Coachella turn a higher profit In 2003 Tollett estimated that Goldenvoice could earn an additional 300 000 to 500 000 by adding a corporate sponsor to the festival name but he did not want to violate the purity of the event He said I hate it when you go to shows and you are bombarded with all this advertising It just shows a lack of respect for your audience and the music 23 Organizers have relaxed their opposition over the years Brewing company Heineken N V has maintained a sponsorship with Coachella since 2002 and is the official brew of the festival 171 The company has sponsored a small performance venue at the festival called the Heineken House since 2014 where attendees can drink Heineken beers and keep their cases of Heineken refrigerated 143 Clothing retailer H amp M added a small sponsored tent on the festival grounds in 2015 172 where attendees could purchase items from the company s Coachella inspired clothing line called H amp M Loves Coachella 173 Information technology company HP has sponsored the Antarctic dome since 2017 147 in addition to hosting a promotional tent 174 HP s promotions included allowing attendees to design and print bandanas and tote bags capture light drawing GIFs design kaleidoscopes and interact with a motion reactive wall 147 174 Tollett still objects to having the primary stages and tents sponsored I wouldn t let sponsors logos on the stages I feel like when the band is playing it should be you and the band and it s a sacred moment 9 Since 2011 YouTube has live streamed performances from Coachella 175 Initially the first weekend was streamed across three separate channels 137 176 In 2014 AXS TV began broadcasting the second weekend on television 177 over 20 hours of live performances from the 2015 festival were broadcast on AXS TV 178 Performances from the 2015 festival were also broadcast live on Sirius XM satellite radio for the first time 179 In 2019 YouTube expanded its content for the festival livestream which included a stream of both weekends of the festival for the first time Weekend one included a premiere of Donald Glover s film Guava Island while weekend two featured Coachella Curated programming hosted by radio personality Jason Bentley that took a deep dive into the festival experience by offering encore and live performances artist commentary mini docs animated adventures and more 180 Coachella Curated was reprised for the 2022 festival s second weekend 181 In 2023 Coachella s streaming agreement with YouTube was renewed through 2026 175 and for the first time performances from all six stages were streamed covering both weekends 182 For 2016 organizers partnered with Vantage tv to offer virtual reality VR content for the festival Ticket holders received a cardboard VR viewer inspired by Google Cardboard in their Coachella welcome package that could be used with the Coachella VR mobile app which was released on Android iOS and Samsung Gear VR Content included 360 degree panoramic photos of previous events virtual tours of the 2016 festival site interviews and performances 183 That same year YouTube live streamed performances from weekend two in 360 degrees for viewing with VR headsets 184 The success of Coachella has led its organizers to partner with other American music festivals In 2003 Goldenvoice agreed to work with the organizers of Field Day a New York based festival modeled after Coachella to help promote and produce the event 185 although the show was completely overhauled from its original vision 186 In September 2014 Goldenvoice announced it had entered into a joint venture with Red Frog Events to help them promote and produce their Firefly Music Festival 187 In January 2015 a similar agreement was reached with the organizers of the Hangout Music Festival 188 Goldenvoice claimed it spent 700 000 in 2015 on media and related content to promote Coachella 189 Brand protection edit Goldenvoice has actively protected the Coachella brand As of April 2018 they filed six lawsuits in the previous two years against outlets that attempted to use the Coachella name or the suffix chella The defendants included the music festival Hoodchella the film festival Filmchella energy company Phillips 66 which promoted a Coachella wristband giveaway that the festival s terms of services disallows Sean Combs s event Combschella Urban Outfitters and a Whole Foods location in Palm Desert that promoted a Wholechella concert and tasting event Another lawsuit was filed in September 2021 against radio presenter RaaShaun Casey also known as DJ Envy for his hip hop and auto show Carchella which he agreed to rename to DJ Envy s Drive Your Dreams Car Show 190 191 According to Goldenvoice s attorneys in one lawsuit the litigation is one way the promoter attempts to extensively police unauthorized use of the Coachella Marks Although the Coachella name has been in use by a town in the Coachella Valley since before the festival was founded the festival s success has imbued the name with secondary meaning allowing Goldenvoice to trademark it 170 In December 2021 Coachella won a restraining order against Live Nation s Coachella Day One 22 festival A judge ruled that Live Nation is likely infringing trademarks by selling tickets to the event nearby 192 Impact and legacy edit nbsp Fans attend a performance by Bassnectar at the Sahara tent in 2013According to a 2015 ranking by online ticket retailer Viagogo Coachella was the second most in demand concert ticket trailing only the Tomorrowland festival 193 Coachella is considered a trendsetter in music and fashion Singer Katy Perry said The lineup always introduces the best of the year for the rest of the year 162 Coachella has become known for the variety of distinctive apparel worn by attendees which primarily include eclectic combinations of colors materials and ethnic borrowings 194 The latter has also resulted in backlash regarding cultural appropriation particularly for non natives wearing Native American inspired headdresses and body paint 195 196 197 According to a 2012 economic impact study Coachella brought 254 4 million to the desert region that year 198 of that total Indio received 89 2 million in consumer spending and 1 4 million in tax revenue 193 Goldenvoice s other festival at the Empire Polo Club Stagecoach has been called a cousin of Coachella but it has grown at a faster pace eventually selling out for the first time in 2012 with 55 000 attendees 199 Together the two festivals were estimated by experts to have a global impact of 704 75 million in 2016 200 approximately 403 2 million of that was expected to impact the Coachella Valley 200 106 million of which would go to businesses in Indio 201 The city was expected to gain 3 18 million in ticket taxes from the two festivals in 2016 201 The success of Coachella led to Goldenvoice holding additional music festivals at the Empire Polo Club It founded the country music festival Stagecoach in 2007 and continues to hold it on an annual basis In 2011 the promoter staged the Big 4 festival so named for its quadruple billing of the most prominent bands in thrash metal Anthrax Megadeth Metallica and Slayer 202 In 2016 Goldenvoice staged Desert Trip which featured older rock oriented and legacy acts such as the Rolling Stones Paul McCartney and Bob Dylan 203 Festival summary by year editSee also Coachella Festival line ups Edition Year Dates Headliners Gross revenues Attendance or sales Avg daily attendance sales1st 1999 October 9 10 BeckToolRage Against the Machine 37 000 sales 16 18 5002nd 2001 April 28 Jane s Addiction 32 000 attendance 26 32 0003rd 2002 April 27 28 BjorkOasis 55 000 attendance 22 27 5004th 2003 April 26 27 Beastie BoysRed Hot Chili Peppers 60 000 attendance 41 30 0005th 2004 May 1 2 RadioheadThe Cure 110 000 attendance 22 55 0006th 2005 April 30 May 1 ColdplayNine Inch Nails 100 000 attendance 44 50 0007th 2006 April 29 30 Depeche ModeTool 9 million 45 120 000 attendance 22 60 0008th 2007 April 27 29 BjorkRed Hot Chili PeppersRage Against the Machine 16 3 million 46 187 000 attendance 46 62 3339th 2008 April 25 27 Roger WatersPrince PortisheadJack Johnson 13 8 million 46 152 000 attendance 46 51 00010th 2009 April 17 19 Paul McCartneyThe KillersThe Cure 15 3 million 48 153 000 attendance 48 51 00011th 2010 April 16 18 Jay ZMuseGorillaz 21 7 million 54 225 000 attendance agg 53 75 00012th 2011 April 15 17 Kings of LeonArcade FireKanye West The Strokes 24 9 million 58 225 000 attendance agg 59 75 00013th 2012 April 13 15April 20 22 The Black KeysRadioheadDr Dre amp Snoop Dogg 47 3 million 69 158 000 sales 69 79 00014th 2013 April 12 14April 19 21 The Stone Roses BlurPhoenixRed Hot Chili Peppers 67 2 million 73 180 000 attendance 73 90 00015th 2014 April 11 13April 18 20 OutkastMuseArcade Fire 78 3 million 78 579 000 attendance agg 78 96 50016th 2015 April 10 12April 17 19 AC DCJack WhiteDrake 84 2 million 79 198 000 sales 79 99 00017th 2016 April 15 17April 22 24 LCD SoundsystemGuns N RosesCalvin Harris 94 2 million 84 198 000 sales 84 99 00018th 2017 April 14 16April 21 23 RadioheadLady GagaKendrick Lamar 114 6 million 94 250 000 attendance 94 125 00019th 2018 April 13 15April 20 22 The WeekndBeyonceEminem 20th 2019 April 12 14April 19 21 Childish GambinoTame ImpalaAriana Grande 2020 Scheduled April 10 12April 17 19Rescheduled October 9 11October 16 18 Scheduled Rage Against the MachineTravis ScottFrank Ocean 120 Cancelled due to the COVID 19 pandemic 120 2021 Scheduled April 9 11April 16 18 Cancelled due to the COVID 19 pandemic 204 21st 2022 April 15 17April 22 24 Harry StylesBillie EilishSwedish House Mafia amp The Weeknd 205 22nd 2023 April 14 16April 21 23 Bad BunnyBlackpinkFrank Ocean Weekend 1 Blink 182 Weekend 2 23rd 2024 April 12 14April 19 21 Lana Del ReyTyler the CreatorDoja Cat Awards and nominations editBillboard Touring Awards edit Year Category Work Result Ref 2011 Top Festival Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival Won 206 2012 Won 207 Top Boxscore Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival April 13 22 Won2013 Top Festival Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival Won 208 2014 Won 209 2015 Won 210 2016 Won 211 2017 Won 212 International Dance Music Awards edit Year Category Work Result Ref 2008 Best Music Event Coachella Indio California Nominated 213 2009 Nominated 214 2010 Nominated 215 2011 Nominated 216 2012 Nominated 217 2013 Nominated 218 2014 Nominated 219 2015 Nominated 220 2016 Nominated 221 2020 a Best Festival Coachella Nominated 223 Pollstar Awards edit Year Category Result Ref 1999 Music Festival of the Year Won 224 2002 Nominated 225 2003 Won 226 2004 Won 227 2005 Music Festival of the Year non touring Nominated 228 2006 Music Festival of the Year Won 229 2007 Won 230 2008 Music Festival of the Year non touring Won 231 2009 Won 232 2010 Won 233 2011 Major Music Festival of the Year non touring Won 234 2012 Major Music Festival of the Year Won 235 2013 Won 236 2014 Nominated 237 2015 Won 81 2016 Nominated 238 2017 Won 239 2018 Music Festival of the Year over 30K attendance Won 240 2019 Music Festival of the Year US Only over 30K attendance Nominated 241 2022 Music Festival of the Year Global over 30K attendance Nominated 242 2024 Music Festival of the Year Global over 30K attendance Nominated 243 Explanatory notes edit No award ceremony was held in 2017 In 2018 winners were chosen by the Winter Music Conference themselves 2019 marks the first year of public voting since the Winter Music Conference s restructure 222 References edit Harry Styles Coachella Crowd Topped 100 000 During Opening Night Performance www variety com April 20 2022 Archived from the original on June 8 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February 8 2024 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Coachella nbsp Rock music portalThe Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival official website Coachella Music Festival The Desert Sun Coachella channel on YouTube Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Coachella festival amp oldid 1206727309, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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