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Wikipedia

iHeartMedia

January 09, 2023

iHeartMedia, Inc., formerly CC Media Holdings, Inc., is an American mass media corporation headquartered in San Antonio, Texas.[5] It is the holding company of iHeartCommunications, Inc. (formerly Clear Channel Communications, Inc.), a company founded by Lowry Mays and B. J. "Red" McCombs in 1972, and later taken private by Bain Capital and Thomas H. Lee Partners through a leveraged buyout in 2008. As a result of this buyout, Clear Channel Communications, Inc., began to operate as a wholly owned subsidiary of CC Media Holdings, Inc.[6][7] On September 16, 2014, CC Media Holdings, Inc. was rebranded iHeartMedia, Inc., and Clear Channel Communications, Inc., became iHeartCommunications, Inc.[8][9]

iHeartMedia, Inc.
FormerlyCC Media Holdings, Inc.
(iHeartMedia, Inc. holding company)
TypePublic
Nasdaq: IHRT (Class A Common Stock)
OTC Pink: IHRTB (Class B Common Stock)
OTC Pink: IHETW (Warrants)
IndustryRadio broadcasting, podcasting, digital media, live events
Founded1972; 51 years ago (1972) (Clear Channel Communications subsidiary)
2014; 9 years ago (2014) (iHeartMedia, Inc. holding company)
FoundersLowry Mays
Red McCombs
Headquarters
San Antonio, Texas
,
U.S.
Key people
Bob Pittman
(Chairman/CEO)[1]
Greg Ashlock
(CEO, Multiplatform Group)[2]
Conal Byrne
(CEO, Digital Audio Group)[3]
Revenue US$3.6 billion (2019)[4]
US$506.7 million (2019)[4]
US$11.3 billion (2019)[4]
Total assets US$11 billion (2019) [4]
Total equity US$2.9 billion (2019)[4]
Number of employees
9,588[5] (2021)
DivisionsiHeartMedia (sans "Inc." suffix; formerly
Clear Channel Media and Entertainment,
Clear Channel Radio, et al.)
SubsidiariesBroader Media, LLC
iHeartCommunications, Inc.
iHeartMedia and Entertainment, Inc.
iHeartMedia Capital I, LLC
Voxnest, Inc.
Websiteiheartmedia.com

Overview

iHeartMedia, Inc. specializes in radio broadcasting, podcasting, digital and live events through division iHeartMedia (sans "Inc." suffix; formerly Clear Channel Media and Entertainment, Clear Channel Radio, et al.) and subsidiary iHeartMedia and Entertainment, Inc. (formerly Clear Channel Broadcasting, Inc.); the company owns more than 850 full-power AM and FM radio stations in the U.S., making it the country's largest owner of radio stations. The company has also been involved in internet radio and podcasting via the digital platform iHeartRadio[10][11] (from which the company derives its current name).

In the past, the company was also involved in live events and out-of-home advertising. The company spun off these businesses in 2005 and 2019 respectively, as the present-day Live Nation Entertainment[12][13] and Clear Channel Outdoor.[14]

History

 
Former logo as Clear Channel

Clear Channel Communications purchased its first FM station in San Antonio in 1972.[15] The company purchased the second "clear channel" AM station WOAI in 1975. In 1976, the company purchased its first stations outside of San Antonio. KXXO (now KAKC) and KMOD-FM in Tulsa were acquired under the name "San Antonio Broadcasting" (same as KEEZ). Stations were also added in Port Arthur, Texas (KPAC-AM-FM, now KDEI and KTJM, from Port Arthur College) and El Paso, Texas (KELP, now KQBU) from John Walton Jr. In 1992, the U.S. Congress relaxed radio ownership rules slightly, allowing the company to acquire more than 2 stations per market. By 1995, Clear Channel owned 43 radio stations and 16 television stations. When the Telecommunications Act of 1996 became law, the act deregulated media ownership, allowing a company to own more stations than previously allowed. Clear Channel went on a subsequent buying spree, purchasing more than 70 other media companies and individual stations.[citation needed]

In a few cases, following purchase of a competitor, Clear Channel was forced to divest some of its stations, as it was above the legal thresholds in some cities. In 2005, the courts ruled that Clear Channel must also divest itself of some "border blaster" radio stations in international border cities, such as the alternative rock radio station XETRA-FM ("91X") in Tijuana, Baja California/San Diego.

In 1997 Clear Channel moved out of pure broadcasting when it purchased billboard firm Eller Media,[16] which was led by Karl Eller.

In 1998 it made its first move outside of the United States when it acquired the leading UK outdoor advertising company More Group plc, which was led by Roger Parry; Clear Channel went on to buy many other outdoor advertising, radio broadcasting, and live events companies around the world, which were then re-branded Clear Channel International. These included a 51% stake in Clear Media Ltd. in China.[17]

In 1999, the company acquired Jacor Communications, a radio corporation based in Cincinnati.[18] The company also made an investment in the new satellite radio service XM Satellite Radio, giving it the rights to program a selection of stations on the service (which would be drawn from some of its stations and syndicated output).[19]

R. Steven Hicks and Hicks, Muse, Tate & Furst began Capstar Broadcasting in 1996, and a year later had become the largest owner of radio stations in the country, with 243 stations in total. In August 1997, Capstar and Hicks, Muse, Tate & Furst announced plans to acquire SFX Broadcasting, with the resulting company owning 314 stations in 79 markets and ranking as the third-largest radio group by income.[20] A year later, Chancellor Media Corporation and Capstar Broadcasting Corporation announced a merger that would result in Chancellor Media owning 463 stations in 105 markets when the deal was completed in second quarter 1999. Hicks, Muse, Tate & Furst owned 59 percent of Capstar, with 355 stations in 83 markets, and was the largest single owner of Chancellor (which had 108 stations in 22 markets), with 15 percent of the stock.[21] Chancellor Media later became AMFM Inc., which was acquired by Clear Channel in a deal announced October 3, 1999, and valued at $17.4 billion. The resulting company would own 830 radio stations, 19 television stations, and over 425,000 outdoor displays in 32 countries.[22][23][24]

In 2000, Clear Channel acquired Robert F. X. Sillerman's SFX Entertainment, a concert promoter that had focused on consolidation of regional promoters under a national operation.[25] In 2005, Clear Channel spun off its entertainment and live events business as Live Nation.[26]

Leveraged buyout

On November 16, 2006, Clear Channel announced plans to go private, being bought out by two private-equity firms, Thomas H. Lee Partners and Bain Capital Partners for $26.7 billion, which included their assumption of $8 billion in Clear Channel debt.[27] This was just under a 10 percent premium above its closing price of $35.36 a share on November 16 (the deal values Clear Channel at $37.60 per share).[28][27] In a separate transaction also announced on November 16, 2006, Clear Channel said it would seek buyers for all of its television stations and 539 of its smaller radio stations, because the private-equity buyers were not interested in owning television or small-market radio. Over a hundred stations were assigned to Aloha Station Trust, LLC upon the consummation of the merger. The television stations were sold to Newport Television, a broadcaster owned by Providence Equity Partners, on April 23, 2007.[29][30][31]

Due to the credit market crunch of 2007, Clear Channel had difficulty selling some of its radio stations. Clear Channel's attempt to sell off over 100 stations to GoodRadio.TV, LLC was rejected by the equity firm backing the deal.[32] The deal then shifted to Frequency License LLC, but took longer to resolve itself as the two parties were engaged in lawsuits. On top of that, the sale of Clear Channel's television portfolio to Newport Television had also turned uncertain, as Providence considered other options, although this transaction was ultimately completed.[33]

On December 4, 2007, Clear Channel announced that they had extended the termination date of the buyout from December 12, 2007, to June 12, 2008.[34] On July 24, 2008, Clear Channel held a special shareholder meeting, during which the majority of shareholders accepted a revised $36-per-share offer from Bain Capital and Thomas H. Lee Partners.[35][36] Shareholders received either $36 in cash, or one share of CC Media Class A common stock for each share of Clear Channel common stock held.[37] The company announced that it would move to more centralized programming and lay off 1,500 employees, or approximately 7% of its workforce, on January 20, 2009. The reasoning was bleak economic conditions and debt from its transition to a private company.[38] By the completion of the restructuring in May 2009, a total of 2,440 positions were eliminated.[39]

iHeartMedia, bankruptcy

In early 2010, it was announced that the company was facing the possibility of bankruptcy due to its "crippling debt".[40] After 21 years, Mark Mays stepped down as president and CEO of Clear Channel on June 23, 2010.[41] Mays remained as chairman of the board.[42] On October 2, 2011, Robert W. "Bob" Pittman, who was then the company's Chairman of Media and Entertainment Platforms, was named CEO of CC Media Holdings.[43][44][45]

In August 2013, Clear Channel sold its minority stake in Sirius XM for $135.5 million. This also resulted in the removal of most Clear Channel-programmed stations on the service, besides simulcasts of WHTZ and KIIS-FM.[19]

On January 6, 2014, Clear Channel announced a marketing partnership with Robert F. X. Sillerman's SFX Entertainment (a second incarnation of a live events company that had been sold to Clear Channel, which spun off to form Live Nation), to collaborate on electronic dance music content for its digital and terrestrial radio outlets, including a Beatport top 20 countdown show.[46] The partnership expanded upon the company's existing EDM-oriented outlets (such as Evolution). Staff, including John Sykes, believed that the deal (particularly the Beatport countdown show) would help provide a higher level of national exposure to current and up and coming EDM artists.[47][48]

In September 2014, it was announced that the company would be renamed from Clear Channel Communications to iHeartMedia, alluding to its iHeartRadio platform to reflect the company's growing emphasis on digital media and internet radio.[49] The previous name "Clear Channel" came from AM broadcasting, referring to a channel (frequency) on which only one station transmits. In the U.S., clear-channel stations have exclusive rights to their frequencies throughout most of the continent at night, when AM signals travel far due to skywave. CEO Bob Pittman explained that the company had been "doing progressive stuff", yet they were still "named after AM radio stations".[50]

In 2016, one of the company's directors, Julia B. Donnelly, left the board of iHeartCommunications and was replaced by Laura A. Grattan, a director at Thomas H. Lee. Grattan was named to the board of managers of iHeartMedia Capital I, LLC, the direct parent of iHeartCommunications, as well as the board of directors of iHeartMedia, Inc., the indirect parent of iHeartCommunications.[51]

Since 2008, iHeartMedia had struggled to pay down more than $20 billion in debt the company assumed from its leveraged buyout. Various media outlets, including Bloomberg News, Reuters, Radio Ink, and iHeartMedia's hometown newspaper the San Antonio Express-News, claimed that either bankruptcy or a major restructuring was likely.[52][53][54][55] On April 20, 2017, the company warned investors that it might not survive over the following 10 months.[56] On November 30, 2017, it was reported that a group of creditors had rejected iHeartMedia's latest debt restructuring proposal, instead bringing out a deal where the company might file for bankruptcy.[57] On March 15, 2018, the company filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy, and claimed that it reached an agreement to restructure $10 billion of its over $20 billion in debt.[58]

Emergence from bankruptcy, realignments towards digital

In September 2018, iHeartMedia acquired HowStuffWorks' podcast network Stuff Media for $55 million.[59] On November 19, 2018, iHeartMedia announced its intent to acquire Jelli, the provider of a programmatic advertising platform for radio stations.[60]

In January 2019, the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of Texas approved a creditor-supported plan for iHeartMedia to exit bankruptcy, which would reduce the company's debt from $16.1 billion to $5.75 billion. The plan included the spin-out of iHeartMedia's 89.1% stake in its out-of-home advertising division Clear Channel Outdoor.[61][62] In April 2019, the company also filed a proposed initial public offering.[63]

iHeartMedia emerged from Chapter 11 bankruptcy in May 2019, with a new board of directors and the spin-out of Clear Channel Outdoor, but maintaining its existing leadership of CEO Bob Pittman and president Rich Bressler.[63] Rather than pursue its IPO (which was estimated to potentially be valued at $1.1 billion), iHeartMedia instead received approval for a direct listing on the Nasdaq.[64]

On January 14, 2020, iHeartMedia announced a major restructuring, as part of an effort to "modernize our company to take advantage of the significant investments we have made in new technology and aligning our operating structure to match the technology-powered businesses we are now in." This included the restructuring of its Markets Group into three divisions (the "Regions" division for its largest markets, the "Metropolitan" division for other major cities, and the "Communities" division for smaller markets) and adding a "multi-market partnerships" unit, and the announced development of "centers of excellence" that would use its technology investments to "provide a better experience for listeners and business partners and a more efficient process for all of its employees". The restructuring was accompanied by a major round of layoffs and displacements, with a large number of staff members and on-air personalities being affected.[65][66]

Businesses

iHeartMedia has purchased interest in, or outright acquired, companies in a number of media or advertising related industries. This is not an exhaustive list.

Radio

 
iHeartRadio's offices and studios in Denver, Colorado, which houses KTCL, KDHT, KBCO, KRFX, KOA, KBPI, KHOW, KDFD, and KWBL

With 855 stations, iHeartMedia is the largest radio station group owner in the United States,[67] both by number of stations and by revenue. The 855 stations reach more than 110 million listeners every week, and 245 million every month. According to BIA Financial Network, iHeartMedia recorded more than $3.5 billion in revenues as of 2021, $1 billion more than the number-two group owner, Audacy.[68]

In June 2012, the company announced that it would become the first U.S. radio group to partner with record labels to pay performance royalties directly to labels and musicians (in addition to songwriters and producers). The royalties are paid via revenue sharing for advertising across platforms (including digital), rather than a flat payment each time a song is played. Big Machine Label Group was announced as the first partner in this scheme. Pittman stated that the arrangement would let "labels and artists participate in the revenue of broadcast radio immediately and in digital radio as it builds".[69][70][71][72]

Radio acquisitions

iHeartMedia has purchased stations from or acquired the following radio companies:

Outdoor advertising

 
Billboards at Yonge-Dundas Square in Toronto, owned by Clear Channel, in 2005

Clear Channel Outdoor (CCO) is an advertising company that was previously owned by iHeartMedia. In May 2019, it was spun out from iHeartMedia as part of its exit from bankruptcy.[63]

Television

Clear Channel Television is a defunct television broadcaster and a former subsidiary of the group that was in operation, for nearly 20 years, from 1988 to 2008. It owned more than 40 stations, most of them were from the Big Six networks, a few of which are independent (non-network affiliates). It was initially headed by J. Daniel Sullivan, who set up as president of Clear Channel's television division.[117]

The group made its beginnings when the first television station iHeartMedia purchased as Clear Channel was WPMI in Mobile, Alabama in 1988.[118] Later that year, Clear Channel Communications bought out KDTU-TV in Tucson, Arizona, which became Clear Channel's second television station.[119] On March 13, 1989, Clear Channel Television bought out KOKI-TV for $6.5 million.[120] This was followed on July 3 of that year with the purchase of Fox affiliate WAWS-TV in Jacksonville, Florida, from Malrite Communications Group, for $8.1 million.[121][122]

Eventually over time, Clear Channel Television became the second-largest independent independent television group, behind Sinclair Broadcast Group.[123] In 1990, Clear Channel bought out its fifth television station, KSAS-TV in Wichita, Kansas, for $7.9 million.[124] In 1991, Clear Channel bought out KLRT-TV in Little Rock, Arkansas for $6.6 million.[125] In 1992, Clear Channel bought out WPTY-TV in Memphis from Chase Communications for $21 million.[126][127] Later on in 1993, the company bought out KITN-TV in Minneapolis/St. Paul from Nationwide Communications,[128] followed in 1994 by the purchase of WXXA-TV in Albany from Heritage Communications, for $25.5 million.[129]

In 1991, Clear Channel Television jumped into the foray of local marketing agreements, starting in 1991 with WJTC, which Clear Channel operated through a LMA with WPMI, and subsequently later on in 1992, when KASN entered into a LMA with Clear Channel's KLRT-TV. Clear Channel also entered into a deal with Providence Journal Company, who owns Fox affiliate KMSB in Tucson to operate KTTU through a local marketing agreement.[130] Memphis also jumped onto the board when WLMT entered into a LMA with Clear Channel's WPTY.[131] Also in 1993, Clear Channel entered into a local marketing agreement with RDS Communications to operate KTFO-TV in Tulsa, which most of the inventory will be supplied by KOKI.[132] Later on, in 1994, in Jacksonville, WTEV-TV entered into a local marketing agreement with WAWS, the Clear Channel television station.[133]

In 1994, Fox shockingly announced its intentions to purchase WHBQ-TV, which displaced Clear Channel's WPTY-TV as its Fox Memphis affiliate.[134] Also that year, as part of a group deal involving stations acquired by SF Broadcasting, Clear Channel's WPMI-TV in Mobile was set to be displaced as Mobile's Fox affiliate by WALA-TV as part of a three-station deal with the other Burnham stations.[135] These moves didn't sit well for Clear Channel Television, whose president Dan Sullivan thought they wanted to affiliate it with the ousted networks, including NBC in Mobile, and ABC in Memphis.[136]

In 1995, Clear Channel purchased its first Big Three network affiliate, WHP-TV in Harrisburg, for $30 million.[137] It was subsequently followed it up when Gateway Communications, owners of WLYH-TV entered into a LMA with Clear Channel's WHP-TV.[138] Later on that year, J. Dan Sullivan left Clear Channel Television to start out Sullivan Broadcasting to acquire the Act III Broadcasting stations.[139] He was then succeeded by Rip Rioridan as president.[140] In 1996, it bought out WPRI-TV in Providence from CBS, which CBS did not keep due to slight signal overlap with WBZ-TV in Boston.[141] Also that year, Argyle Television Holdings II, who owned WNAC-TV entered into a LMA with Clear Channel's WPRI.[142]

As part of the radio-TV strategy, Clear Channel acquired Jacor Communications, which incorporated WKRC-TV in Cincinnati into the Clear Channel Television branch.[143] Once FCC relaxed its duopoly rules, Clear Channel acquired stations that were originally LMA markets outright, including WLMT in Memphis, KTFO in Tulsa, WTEV in Jacksonville, KASN in Little Rock and WJTC in Mobile.[144] Also in 2000, Clear Channel sold WPRI to Sunrise Television for $50 million.[145] Later on in 2001, William Moll become the president of Clear Channel Television, replacing Rioridan.[146]

In 2001, after acquiring the stations of Chris-Craft Industries, Fox Television Stations traded WFTC to Clear Channel Television for Fox's own TV stations KMOL-TV in San Antonio and KTVX in Salt Lake City.[147] In 2002, Clear Channel acquired Ackerley Group, which incorporated its television holdings into the Clear Channel Television portfolio.[148] Also that year, Clear Channel sold KTTU in Tucson to Belo outright.[149] In 2003, Clear Channel announced that they would sell WUTR to Mission Broadcasting.[150] In 2004, Clear Channel bought WETM outright after the death of Robert Smith, the founder of Smith Broadcasting.[151] In 2005, Clear Channel acquired another Salt Lake City television station KUWB from Acme Communications for $18.5 million in cash.[152] In 2006, Don Perry was then named president and CEO of Clear Channel Television.[153]

Ever that, in the 2000s, Clear Channel began the trend of using legacy callsigns for former radio sisters as new call designated signs for existing Clear Channel TV properties, since it already owned radio stations, although WKRC-TV already used the moniker when it was under Clear Channel ownership. In 2002, San Antonio's Clear Channel station KMOL-TV was rebranded to WOAI-TV, the original call letters that station is using from 1948 to 1974, matching up with radio sister WOAI-AM.[154] In 2005, WOKR, the Rochester Clear Channel affiliate was rebranded to WHAM-TV, the original call letters for an unrelated Rochester station WROC-TV from 1948 to 1956, matching up for radio sister WHAM-AM.[155] Also that year, sister station in Syracuse, WIXT was rebranded to WSYR-TV, the original call letters for WSTM-TV from 1950 to 1980, matching up for radio sister WSYR-AM.[156]

In 2007, the company entered into an agreement to sell all its television stations to Providence Equity Partners for $1.2 billion,[30] a deal that eventually closed in March 2008.[29] Earlier that year, Don Perry left as president and CEO of Clear Channel Television.[157] All former Clear Channel television stations were owned by Newport Television, while the other six were flipped to other buyers by Newport. In 2012 to mid-2013, Newport sold off all of its holdings to several other television groups, including Cox Media Group, Nexstar Media Group, and Sinclair Broadcast Group.

Former Clear Channel-owned stations

Stations are arranged alphabetically by state and by city of license.

City of license / Market Station Channel

TV (RF)

Years owned Current ownership status
Mobile, Alabama - Pensacola, Florida WPMI-TV 15 (15) 1988–2008 NBC affiliate owned by Deerfield Media
(Operated through an SSA by Sinclair Broadcast Group)
WJTC 44 (45) 2000–2008 Independent station owned by Deerfield Media
(Operated through an SSA by Sinclair Broadcast Group)
Fairbanks, Alaska KTVF 11 (26) 2002–2008 NBC affiliate owned by Gray Television
Tucson, Arizona KTTU 18 (19) 1988–2002 MyNetworkTV affiliate owned by Tegna Inc.
(operated through an SSA by Gray Television)
Little Rock, Arkansas KLRT-TV 16 (30) 1991–2008 Fox affiliate owned by Mission Broadcasting
(Operated through an SSA by Nexstar Media Group)
KASN 38 (39) 2000–2008 The CW affiliate owned by Mission Broadcasting
(Operated through an SSA by Nexstar Media Group)
Bakersfield, California KGET-TV 17 (25) 2002–2008 NBC affiliate owned by Nexstar Media Group
KKEY-LP 11 (17.3) 2003–2008 Telemundo affiliate owned by Nexstar Media Group
Eureka, California KVIQ 6 (later 17 (17)) 2002–2005 defunct, Went dark in 2018,[158][159] license cancelled in 2020.[160]
(Callsign changed to KJRW prior to the shutdown; intellectual unit and CBS programming
transferred to a Northwest Broadcasting-owned license and renamed KVIQ-LD.[161])
Fresno, California KGPE 47 (34) 2002–2008 CBS affiliate owned by Nexstar Media Group
Monterey - Salinas, California KION-TV 46 (32) 2002–2008 CBS affiliate owned by News-Press & Gazette Company
KCBA 35 (13) 2002–2008 CW Plus affiliate owned by Seal Rock Broadcasters, LLC
(Operated through an SSA by Entravision Communications)
KMUV-LP 23 2005–2008 Telemundo affiliate, owned by News-Press & Gazette Company
Santa Maria, California KCOY-TV 12 (19) 2002–2008 Dabl affiliate owned by VistaWest Media, LLC
(Operated through an SSA by News-Press & Gazette Company)
KKFX-CA 24 2002–2008 Fox affiliate owned by News-Press & Gazette Company
Santa Rosa - San Francisco, California KFTY 50 (32) 2002–2008 Azteca América owned-and-operated station (O&O), KEMO-TV, owned by HC2 Holdings
Jacksonville, Florida WAWS 30 (32) 1989–2008 Fox affiliate, WFOX-TV, owned by Cox Media Group
WTEV-TV 47 (19) 2000–2008 CBS affiliate, WJAX-TV, owned by Hoffman Communications, Inc.
(Operated through an SSA by Cox Media Group)
Wichita, Kansas KSAS-TV 24 (26) 1990–2008 Dual Fox/MyNetworkTV affiliate owned by Sinclair Broadcast Group
KMTW 36 (35) 1 Dabl affiliate owned by Mercury Broadcasting Company
(operated through an SSA by Sinclair Broadcast Group)
Hoisington, Kansas KOCW
(Satellite of KSAS-TV) 		14 (14) 1990–2008 Dual Fox/MyNetworkTV affiliate owned by Sinclair Broadcast Group
Salina, Kansas KAAS
(Satellite of KSAS-TV) 		18 (17) 1990–2008 Dual Fox/MyNetworkTV affiliate owned by Sinclair Broadcast Group
Minneapolis - St. Paul, Minnesota KITN-TV/WFTC 9.2 (29) 1993–2001 MyNetworkTV owned-and-operated (O&O), owned by Fox Television Stations
Albany - Schenectady - Troy, New York WXXA-TV 23 (7) 1994–2008 Fox affiliate owned by Mission Broadcasting
(operated through an SSA by Nexstar Media Group)
Binghamton, New York WIVT 34 (34) 2002–2008 ABC affiliate owned by Nexstar Media Group
WBGH-CA 20 (34.2) 2002–2008 NBC affiliate owned by Nexstar Media Group
Elmira, New York WETM-TV 18 (18) 2004–2008 NBC affiliate owned by Nexstar Media Group
Rochester, New York WOKR/WHAM-TV 13 (13) 2002–2008 ABC affiliate owned by Deerfield Media
(Operated through an SSA by Sinclair Broadcast Group)
Syracuse, New York WIXT-TV/WSYR-TV 9 (17) 2002–2008 ABC affiliate owned by Nexstar Media Group
Utica, New York WUTR 20 (30) 2002–2004 ABC affiliate owned by Mission Broadcasting
(operated through an SSA by Nexstar Media Group)
Watertown, New York WWTI 50 (21) 2002–2008 ABC affiliate owned by Nexstar Media Group
Cincinnati, Ohio WKRC-TV 12 (12) 1999–2008 CBS affiliate owned by Sinclair Broadcast Group
Tulsa, Oklahoma KOKI-TV 23 (22) 1989–2008 Fox affiliate owned by Imagicomm Communications
KMYT-TV 41 (42) 2000–2008 MyNetworkTV affiliate owned by Imagicomm Communications
Eugene, Oregon KMTR 16 (17) 2002–2008 NBC affiliate owned by Roberts Media, LLC
(Operated through an SSA by Sinclair Broadcast Group)
Coos Bay, Oregon KMCB
(Satellite of KMTR) 		23 (22) 2002–2008 NBC affiliate owned by Roberts Media, LLC
(Operated through an SSA by Sinclair Broadcast Group)
Roseburg, Oregon KTCW
(Satellite of KMTR) 		46 (45) 2002–2008 NBC affiliate owned by Roberts Media, LLC
(Operated through an SSA by Sinclair Broadcast Group)
Harrisburg, Pennsylvania WHP-TV 21 (21) 1995–2008 CBS affiliate owned by Sinclair Broadcast Group
WLYH-TV 15 (21) 2 Comet TV affiliate, WXBU, owned by Howard Stirk Holdings
Providence, Rhode Island WPRI-TV 12 (13) 1996–2001 CBS affiliate owned by Nexstar Media Group
WNAC-TV 64 (12) 3 Dual Fox/The CW affiliate owned by Mission Broadcasting
(operated through an SSA by Nexstar Media Group)
Jackson, Tennessee WJKT 16 (39) 2000–2008 Fox affiliate owned by Nexstar Media Group
Memphis, Tennessee WPTY-TV 24 (25) 1992–2008 ABC affiliate, WATN-TV, owned by Tegna Inc.
WLMT 30 (31) 2000–2008 The CW affiliate owned by Tegna Inc.
San Antonio, Texas KMOL-TV/WOAI-TV 4 (48) 2001–2008 Dual NBC/CW affiliate owned by Sinclair Broadcast Group
Salt Lake City, Utah KTVX 4 (40) 2001–2008 ABC affiliate owned by Nexstar Media Group
KUWB/KUCW 30 (48) 2005–2008 The CW affiliate owned by Nexstar Media Group
Bellingham, Washington -
Vancouver, British Columbia
(Bellingham is nominally in the Seattle market) 		KVOS-TV 12 (35) 2002–2008 Heroes & Icons owned-and-operated station (O&O), owned by Weigel Broadcasting

Notes:

Music charts

iHeartMedia owns Mediabase, which provide music charts based on songs and tracks receiving the most spins played on radio stations in the United States and Canada. A majority of stations that report to Mediabase are iHeartMedia outlets but other companies also report to the Mediabase charts. In addition, countdown shows produced by Premiere will utilize Mediabase charts for the basis of their programs.

News and information

Worldwide

 
Bicing, a community bicycle program in Barcelona, Spain.
  • Owns part of radio groups in New Zealand, Mexico, Norway, and Australia.
  • Owns outdoor advertising companies in Brazil, Chile, Finland, France, Italy, Latvia, Norway, Poland, Romania, Singapore, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Belgium and Mauritius.
  • Owns L & C Outdoor Comunicação Visual Ltda., of Brazil
  • United Kingdom

Bicycle rental systems

Operates urban bicycle sharing systems in several European cities:

City Country Launch date System
name		 Stations Bikes
Caen[164]   France 40 350
Dijon[165]   France 33 350
Perpignan[166]   France 15 150
Rennes[167]   France 1998 25 200
Oslo   Norway Oslo Bysykkel
Drammen   Norway Drammen Bysykkel
Trondheim   Norway Trondheim Bysykkel[168]
Barcelona   Spain Bicing[169] 400 6,000
Zaragoza   Spain Bizi
Stockholm   Sweden City bikes[170] 140 1,000
Malmö   Sweden Malmö by bike[171]
Milan   Italy bikeMi[172] 103 1,300
Antwerp   Belgium 9 juin 2011 Velo Antwerpen 297 4 200

Vertical Real Estate

In 2003, Clear Channel created the Vertical Real Estate division and hired Scott Quitadamo to promote its tower portfolio. iHeartMedia owns and operates approximately 1,500 broadcast transmission towers across the U.S., many of which are available for co-location by third parties such as cellular and PCS companies, wireless internet, fixed wireless, and other broadcasters.

Programming

Main article: List of programming syndicated by iHeartMedia
See also: Premiere Networks

iHeartMedia operates the country's largest syndication service, Premiere Networks. In addition, iHeartMedia syndicates a number of its homegrown talk and music shows without the aid of Premiere. While Premiere actively sells its shows to stations, the non-Premiere syndicated shows are often used as a cost-cutting measure and do not have a large sales staff. Those shows also do not carry network-wide advertising (unless distributed by a third party), and allow the affiliates to keep all local spots, which increases their appeal. These networks carry many program hosts of various political ideologies and distribute a variety of programs to both iHeartMedia-owned and non-iHeartMedia-owned stations.

In addition to its own syndication network, iHeartMedia offers studio space and other services to the WestStar TalkRadio Network, which is based at iHeartMedia's studios in Phoenix, Arizona. As a result, many WestStar programs are heard on iHeartMedia stations.

Not all programming heard on iHeartMedia's radio stations are produced in house; however, most of iHeartMedia's stations share many similarities to each other in branding and programming.

Format Lab and HD2 Formats

Main article: iHeartRadio

The Format Lab was a radio programming think tank conceived, built and managed by Michael Albl for Clear Channel (now known as iHeartMedia) that produced 84 formats for use on AM/FM/HD/XM/Stream/Mobile. The formats ranged from mainstream formats, music genre niches, lifestyles to the highly experimental. These formats were heard on most of Clear Channel's HD Radio subchannels, on SiriusXM, Sprint MSpot and used as the original music streaming service for Clear Channel Online Music and Radio (CCOMR). In 2009, the Format Lab split into two programming services (1) Terrestrial Radio known as Premium Choice and (2) iHeartRadio online streaming.

iHeartRadio

Main article: iHeartRadio

iHeartRadio is a free broadcast, podcast and streaming radio platform. It is also the national umbrella brand for iHeartMedia's radio network aggregating its over 850 local iHeartMedia radio stations across the United States, as well as hundreds of other stations from various other media.

Alternative stations

iHeartMedia Alternative Stations usually are branded as "Radio" (such as Radio 94.5 (KMYT) in Temecula, CA) or "ALT" (Alt 98.7 (KYSR) in Los Angeles). Others include: The Edge, The Buzz, The Project, Star, or X. The Woody Show, which originates from KYSR, serves as the anchor morning show for the iHeartMedia Alternative outlets.

Hip-hop, Rap, R&B and rhythmic stations

Stations that carry programming catering to black Americans are a big part of many iHeartMedia clusters, particularly Philadelphia, Chicago, and Detroit.[173] In many clusters iHeartMedia has two or more such stations. About half of these stations focus on Rap and Hip Hop along with younger rhythm and blues sounds. The other half blend some younger rhythm and blues along with some Soul from the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s along with some current product. In a cluster with multiple hip-hop, rap, R&B, and rhythmic stations owned by iHeartMedia, one is focused on Rap while the other is focused on Soul. Examples include Philadelphia, with WUSL's focus on hip hop while WDAS-FM focuses on Soul (in addition, the company also owns WGCI-FM in Chicago, which focuses on rap, while WVAZ is focused on Soul. iHeartMedia hip hop, rap, R&B, and rhythmic stations are branded as "Real" (KRRL Los Angeles), "Beat" (KQBT/Houston, WBTP Tampa) or "Power" (WWPR-FM New York City, WUSL Philadelphia and WHEN Syracuse). In San Francisco, iHeartMedia owned more hip hop, rap, R&B, and rhythmic stations such as Rhythmic Top 40 KYLD, rhythmic oldies KISQ, and rhythmic contemporary KMEL in that area (KYLD shifted to Top 40/CHR in 2015, KISQ flipped to AC in 2016), and the same happened in Detroit, where the company also owns rhythmic AC WMXD, rhythmic contemporary WJLB and former Rhythmic AC WDTW-FM (now WLLZ). iHeart also have hip hop, rap, R&B, and rhythmic outlets with heritage and familiarity based on the markets they serve, like WHRK and WDIA in Memphis, and WKKV-FM in Milwaukee.

Another growing format, Classic Hip-Hop/Throwback/Old School (consisting of R&B/Hip-Hop, Rap, and Rhythmic songs from the 1980s, 1990s, and 2000s), can be heard full-time on iHeartRadio, as well as KATZ-FM/St. Louis and KUBT-HD2 in Honolulu. Previously, this format was originated as Rhythmic Oldies, which was launched at KCMG/Los Angeles and later spread to more markets before the former Clear Channel flipped several stations out of the format by the mid-2000s.

For the Rhythmic Top 40 format, similar brandings include "The Beat" (KUBT/Honolulu and WBTT/Ft. Myers), Power 102/El Paso, 104.5 Kiss FM/Beaumont, Texas, "Jam'n" (KXJM/Portland Oregon, KSSX/San Diego, and WJMN/Boston; a similar "Jammin'" is used at WSTV/Roanoke & WJJX/Lynchburg). A "B" has been used at KBOS-FM/Fresno since the 1980s. Other Rhythmics, such as KUBE/Seattle, KDON-FM/Salinas-Monterey and KGGI/Riverside-San Bernardino, simply use the call letters and/or frequency. Most of these stations target a multicultural audience and play Rhythmic Pop, R&B/Hip-Hop, and Dance tracks.

For rhythmic AC stations, they used to have the "Party" branding (particularly during the time when most used Wake Up with Whoopi out of WKTU as their morning show), but the two "Party" stations in Denver (KDHT) and Las Vegas (KYMT, the former KPLV) have since exited the Rhythmic AC format. KDHT and KYMT moved to top 40, but continue to use the "Party" branding (KYMT is currently mainstream rock). The Breakfast Club Morning Show out of WWPR-FM in New York and "Big Boy's Neighborhood" out of KRRL in Los Angeles are iHeartMedia's syndicated urban morning shows. In 2017, for IHM's 3rd season they produced rhythmic AC programming.

Smooth jazz

IHeartMedia syndicates the Smooth Jazz Network (aka Your Smooth Jazz), which is programmed by Broadcast Architecture. Unless otherwise noted, all Smooth Jazz Network stations will carry the following schedule: Kenny G and Sandy Kovach in morning drive time, Miranda Wilson in midday, Allen Kepler in afternoon drive time, and Maria Lopez in evenings, with no disc jockeys overnight. Weekend programming consists of the Smooth Jazz Top 20 with Allen Kepler, as well as the Dave Koz Radio Show.

Dance and EDM

The first radio programs included Electric Sound Stage, Club Phusion, Trancid, Pride Radio, PrototypeRadio, The Spin*Cycle and Classic Dance. Although they have no full-powered stations programming a Dance or EDM (Electronic Dance Music) format, iHeartMedia has FM translators and HD2 platforms broadcasting the EDM-intensive Evolution platform (KZZP/Phoenix is the flagship station, serving as a reporter on Billboard’s Dance/Mix Show Airplay panel), while the LGBT community is served by the more broader-based Pride Radio (with WFLZ/Tampa serving as the flagship station as well as a Dance/Mix Show Airplay reporter). However, iHeartMedia's Top 40/CHR and Rhythmic Top 40 outlets incorporate a majority of Dance songs onto its playlist and set aside airtime blocks for mix shows. A weekly countdown program, America’s Dance 30, airs on Evolution and selected iHeart Top 40 and Rhythmic stations.

News talk stations

News talk stations owned by iHeartMedia usually have a standard slate of hosts. The morning show is usually local, with other timeslots filled by local and syndicated hosts. Programs that appear or have appeared on many iHeartMedia talk stations include the Glenn Beck Radio Program (Beck having gotten his talk show start at iHeartMedia-owned WFLA in Tampa, which serves as its home station), The Clay Travis and Buck Sexton Show (does not having a home station but is based out of Nashville), The Sean Hannity Show (out of WOR in New York), The Jesse Kelly Show and Coast to Coast AM with George Noory, all of which are affiliated with Premiere Networks in some fashion. The Mark Levin Show (out of WABC in New York and WMAL-FM in Washington, D.C.; syndicated from Westwood One) and The Dave Ramsey Show (out of WLAC in Nashville; independently syndicated) are non-Premiere shows who air on many (if not most) iHeartMedia stations, as did The Savage Nation prior to its ending in September 2012, whose home station at the time was KSTE in Sacramento. Limbaugh is almost universally carried on iHeartMedia stations in markets where the company has a news talk station, including recently New York City: WOR was acquired in 2013 by Clear Channel and began carrying Limbaugh's program in 2014 following a long relationship with now-Red Apple Media-owned WABC. In markets where iHeartMedia-owned news talk stations have not been profitable (such as Boston and Atlanta), iHeartMedia has chosen to sell shows such as Limbaugh and Coast to Coast AM to their rivals and change the stations to other formats. Syndicated morning news programs like America in The Morning (from Westwood One) and This Morning, America's First News with Gordon Deal (from Compass Media Networks) are also heard on a few iHeartMedia-owned stations.

While most of iHeartMedia's news/talk stations carry some combination of Beck, Limbaugh, Hannity and Noory (of Coast to Coast AM), this is not always the case. Many stations (particularly in the larger markets) like KFI, KFYI, KOA, WZZR and WLW broadcast a lineup with significant local programming.

Weekend syndicated programs featured on many (but not all) iHeart-owned stations include At Home with Gary Sullivan, Handel on the Law, The Ben Ferguson Show, and Sunday Nights with Bill Cunningham (all are part of Premiere Networks).

Liberal talk radio is heard on a few of iHeartMedia's stations, primarily secondary to its main news talk stations, and usually feature at least one local host with Westwood One programming; Air America Radio also aired on these stations. iHeartMedia has shown a tendency to drop liberal talk affiliations due to lack of ratings or advertiser support and replace it with sports talk or other formats (see, for instance, WCKY, WARF, KLSD, WXKS, and WINZ); in one case this had caused a protest when iHeartMedia (then Clear Channel) wanted to change WXXM in Madison, Wisconsin to a sports format. WXXM was eventually allowed to keep its liberal format, though they eventually retired it in November 2016 due to a general lack of syndicated programming for that format.

On June 30, 2020, iHeartMedia announced a new all-news radio brand known as Black Information Network, which is catered towards African Americans.[174][175]

iHeartMedia has been active in the national trend of simulcasting its AM news/talk stations on full-power FM stations, hoping to preserve their long-term viability while AM radio declines. Examples include San Diego, California, on KUSS 95.7 (which became KOGO-FM after simulcasting KOGO (AM), replacing country music), Sacramento, California on KGBY 92.5 (which became KFBK-FM after simulcasting KFBK, replacing Hot adult contemporary), in Tucson, Arizona, on KTZR-FM (which became KNST-FM after simulcasting KNST, replacing Spanish Top 40), in Schenectady, New York (WGY-FM/103.1, simulcasting WGY/810, replacing rock WHRL) and Syracuse, New York (WSYR-FM/106.9 simulcasting WSYR/570, displacing urban AC "Power" to WHEN/620). After failing to see any significant ratings gains from these moves, Clear Channel showed signs of abandoning this strategy when it changed KNST-FM to country music in February 2013 as KYWD.

Sports talk stations

Most sports talk stations owned by iHeartMedia are affiliated with Fox Sports Radio. Other sports talk stations are affiliated with rival ESPN Radio (in this case, WUCS in Hartford, Connecticut, which is nearby ESPN's headquarters in Bristol). In 2020, iHeartMedia launched the iHeartSports Network.[176]

Adult standards

Most of iHeartMedia's adult standards stations are turnkey operations, running a direct feed of a satellite format such as Westwood One's America's Best Music or Music of Your Life. Most of these stations have no local jocks or Web sites. The network has few remaining stations in that category and has sold off many of them.

Adult contemporary

iHeartMedia's Adult contemporary stations are often branded as "Lite FM" (i.e. WLIT-FM in Chicago or WLTW in New York, ) or "Sunny", although some stations use "Magic", "B" or something else similar as their identifiers, As of 2018, "The Breeze" has bought a new resurgence in Soft AC, targeted towards millennial listeners. Evenings are usually filled with Delilah, unless that show is already aired by another station, in which case The John Tesh Radio Show is often substituted. Automated programming is the next option for the 7PM- 12 AM timeslot. Your Weekend with Jim Brickman and the Ellen K Weekend Show are popular weekend syndicated programs on iHeartMedia adult contemporary stations. Most AC stations air Christmas music from the last week of November to Christmas Day. Some AC iHeartMedia stations are known for playing Christmas music as early as November 1 such as KOSY-FM in Salt Lake City before they flipped to mainstream rock or WLKO (now adult hits) playing its first Christmas song of the season 2–3 weeks before Thanksgiving. 2/3 of iHeartMedia stations that play Adult contemporary air Christmas formats.

Hot adult contemporary stations are usually branded as "Mix", "Star" or "MYfm" (i.e. KBIG in Los Angeles). Some Hot AC stations lean modern rock while others lean toward adult rock. Other Hot AC stations have other brandings such as "Wild 105.7 and 96.7" on WRDA (now WBZY) a Spanish CHR station in Atlanta.

Contemporary hit radio

iHeartMedia's CHR stations share a number of common brands, including "KISS-FM" (e.g., KIIS-FM Los Angeles, WKSC-FM Chicago, WAKS Cleveland, WFKS Melbourne, WXKS-FM Boston), "Z" (e.g., WHTZ New York, KKRZ Portland Oregon WZFT Baltimore, KSLZ St. Louis), "Wild" (e.g., WLDI West Palm Beach, KYLD San Francisco), "Power" (WWPW Atlanta, WGEX Albany, Georgia), Channel (e.g., WKQI Detroit, WHQC now called Hits 96.1 in Charlotte, KHTS-FM San Diego, WCHD Dayton-Springfield), or "Hot" (e.g., WIHT in Washington, D.C., WWHT in Syracuse, NY). Other brands, less commonly used, includes "Radio Now" (previously used at WNRW Louisville, now rebranded as "98.9 Kiss FM"), "Q" (WIOQ Philadelphia-102.1 FM-Q102, WQGA Waycross-Brunswick, Georgia-103.3 FM-103Q), "B" (WAEB-FM B 104 Allentown-Reading PA 104.1 FM), "FM" (WLAN-FM FM 97 96.9 FM Lancaster-Reading), "V" (WVRT & WVRZ V-97 Williamsport-Lock Haven, Pennsylvania), "Max" (WHCY Max 106.3 Sussex), "K.C." (WKCI-FM KC 101, 101.3 FM, Hamden-New Haven, Connecticut/Long Island, New York) and "X" (WJMX-FM 103X, 103.3 FM Cheraw-Florence, South Carolina/The Pee Dee). Still other branding can be heard, however, when a preferred format name is already in use by another station in the market.

Although a majority of these stations features a broad-based, mass appeal music presentation, several stations like WSNX-FM/Grand Rapids and WKTU/New York City tend to lean towards Rhythmic material due to having a sister station in the same format (WKTU's sister is WHTZ) or a lack of a Rhythmic or R&B/Hip-Hop outlet (a void which WSNX also tries to fill).

Many iHeartMedia's CHR stations utilize syndicated morning shows, such as On Air with Ryan Seacrest (based out of KIIS-FM in Los Angeles) middays. Other nationally syndicated shows may include weekend broadcasting of American Top 40 with Ryan Seacrest (based out of KIIS-FM and WHTZ, including the aforementioned 1970s and 1980s with Casey Kasem in the above section).

Country music

Country music stations owned by iHeartMedia have begun transitioning to "The Bull" like KSD (FM) in St. Louis and "Big" like WEBG in Chicago (which flipped to mainstream rock as WCHI-FM in 2020) as national brandings as of 2014. They almost universally carry After Midnite, the syndicated overnight program currently hosted by Granger Smith, and often carry The Bobby Bones Show based out of WSIX-FM in Nashville in the morning as well.

In 2015, iHeartMedia launched the iHeartCountry franchise. It also launched an annual country event franchise, the iHeartRadio Country Festival.[177]

Oldies and classic hits

iHeartMedia's Oldies stations consists largely of FM stations with some AM stations. iHeartMedia uses brands such as "Big" and "Kool" on many of its stations. Nearly all of the FM stations play oldies spanning from 1964 to 1975, with a 500-song active playlist split nearly half 1960s and half 1970s. The playlist also includes approximately a dozen pre 1964 tracks and around 50 songs from the late 1970s and early 1980s. These stations generally have a few local live announcers; much of the time these stations are voicetracked either locally or from another market. Most run syndicated programming on weekends, such as Dick Bartley or Mike Harvey on Saturday nights, Steve Goddard's programs (Goddard's Gold and/or The 70s), and recently, Casey Kasem's American Top 40: The 70s. A handful of iHeartMedia's outlets have picked up syndicated weeknight fare, such as Mike Harvey, Marty Thompson or Tom Kent.

The AM oldies stations' playlists skew somewhat older and span from 1955 to about 1975. About 60 percent of the time they play 1964 to 1969 oldies, 20 percent pre 1964 oldies, and 20 percent music from the 1970s. Some of these also run Dick Bartley or Mike Harvey on Saturday nights. Some of the AM stations also run adult standards several hours on the weekend as well as limited specialized programming focusing on the pre 1964 era. Most of the AM stations are in smaller markets.

Rock

iHeartMedia stations programming a rock format tend to play a blend of new rock and harder classic rock. Some carry Nights with Alice Cooper (out of KSLX-FM in Phoenix) in the evenings while some others aired Sixx Sense with Nikki Sixx until the show ended at the end of 2015. These stations tend to be live during the day and voicetracked at night. Some stations run Rockline with Bob Coburn and/or Little Steven's Underground Garage as well.

While iHeartMedia classic rock stations operate under a wide variety of monikers, many are branded as "The Fox" or "The Brew". Often, these stations will carry Bob and Tom (out of WFBQ in Indianapolis) in morning drive. In the Southern United States, John Boy and Billy (out of WRFX in Charlotte) is carried instead in most cases. (Both of the aforementioned shows are syndicated by Premiere.) Other shows include Rover's Morning Glory out of WMMS in Cleveland. Starting with WQBW Milwaukee (now the sports formatted WRNW) and WBWR Columbus (now WXZX), several iHeartMedia stations have adopted a 1980s-centered classic rock approach called "The Brew".

The company's alternative rock stations use a standardized branding under the brand "Alt".

Spanish

In a few markets, iHeartMedia has an FM station carrying Hispanic programming full-time. In some markets the format is a Contemporary Tropical format while in others the format carried is more of a Mexican format. In a few markets an iHeartMedia FM station carries a rap based Spanish format known as Hurban, which blends Spanish dance music with rhythm and blues hits as well as some Hip Hop. The division was run by Spanish radio executive Alfredo Alonso, who joined the company in September 2004 as senior vice president of Hispanic Radio.[178] In September 2016, iHeartMedia brought hired Enrique Santos as chairman and chief creative officer of the newly formed iHeartLatino division.[179]

iHeartMedia launched an annual event franchise called iHeartRadio Fiesta Latina.[180]

Religious

In a few markets, iHeartMedia has a religious station on the AM band. Some of these sell blocks of time to outside organizations and have no local shows at all except where local churches buy time. These are formatted similarly to Salem Media stations.

The other type of religious format iHeartMedia uses in a few markets is a Gospel music based format. On these stations Gospel Music appealing to black Americans airs most of the time along with some block programming sold to religious groups. These stations are often programmed as urban stations that happen to be religious.

Specialties

IHeartMedia has one station in Hawaii, KDNN/Honolulu, programming a Contemporary Hawaiian Hits/Reggae format, along with an accompanying HD2 sub channel that features traditional Hawaiian music. Multicultural programming can also be heard on AM stations that iHeartMedia owns or has LMAs with. In March 2019, its Allentown, Pennsylvania outlet, WSAN, launched an all-podcast format. In November 2019, K256AS/KUCD-HD2 in Honolulu launched a variant Top 40 format with a focus on K-pop and other international pop hits.

Criticism

Market share

In the late 1990s and early 2000s, the company became an object of persistent criticism.[181][182] FCC regulations were relaxed following the Telecommunications Act of 1996, allowing companies to own far more radio stations than before. After spending about $30 billion, Clear Channel owned over 1,200 stations nationwide, including as many as eight stations in certain markets. Although "media reform" social movement organizations like Future of Music Coalition mobilized against Clear Channel, so far the company has been able to hold on to all of its stations after divesting a few following the acquisition of AMFM, although over 500 stations have since been sold or are in the process of being sold since the company announced plans to become privately held.

September 11, 2001

Main article: Clear Channel memorandum

Following the September 11 attacks on New York and The Pentagon, radio stations circulated a list of songs that were deemed inappropriate for broadcast during the time of national mourning following the attacks. A small list was initially generated by the Clear Channel office on Thursday, September 13, 2001,[183] though individual program directors added many of their own songs. A list containing about 150 songs was soon published on the Internet. Some critics suggested that Clear Channel's political preferences played a part in the list.[184] A number of songs were apparently placed on the list because they had specific words such as "plane", "fly", "burn", and "falling" in their titles. Clear Channel denies that this was a list of banned songs, claiming it was a list of titles that should be played only after great thought. Also WOFX, Cincinnati, owned by Clear Channel at the time continued to play songs that were on the alleged list, even though radio headquarters was in Cincinnati at the time.[185] Songs on the list included Tom Petty's "Free Fallin'", Louis Armstrong's "What a Wonderful World" and the entire Rage Against the Machine discography.

Live music recordings

In 2004, Clear Channel acquired a key patent in the process of producing Instant Live recordings, in which a live performance is recorded directly from the sound engineer's console during the show, and then rapidly burned on CD so that audience members can buy copies of the show as they are leaving the venue. This had been intended to provide additional revenue to the artist, venue, and promoter, as well as stifle the demand for unauthorized bootleg concert recordings made by audience members. However, some media critics, as well as smaller business rivals, believed that Clear Channel was using the patent (on the process of adding cues to the beginning and ending of tracks during recording, so that the concert is not burned as a single enormous track) to drive competitors out of business or force them to pay licensing fees, even if they do not use precisely the same process. The patent was transferred to Live Nation when Clear Channel Entertainment was spun off, but the patent was revoked on March 13, 2007,[186] after it was found that this patent infringed on a prior patent granted for Telex.

Indecency zero tolerance

During the nationwide crackdown on indecent material following the Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show in 2004, Clear Channel launched a "self-policing" effort, and declared that there would be no "indecent" material allowed on the air.[182] This led to the company's dismissal of several of their own employees, including popular and high-profile hosts in a number of cities. There were protests from free-speech advocates. During the same period, Howard Stern was dropped from six Clear Channel-owned stations in Florida, California, Pennsylvania, New York and Kentucky. By mid-year, rival Viacom (through radio division Infinity Broadcasting, and the original Viacom, not the current one) brought Stern's show back to those six markets. In June 2004, Viacom/Infinity Broadcasting Inc./One Twelve Inc. filed a $10 million lawsuit against Clear Channel for breaking of contracts and non-payment of licensing fees due to the dropping of Stern's show. (Viacom was Howard Stern's employer at the time, though he has since moved to Sirius XM Satellite Radio.) The following July, Clear Channel filed a countersuit of $3 million.[187]

Concerts

In the early 2000s, Clear Channel settled a lawsuit with a Denver, Colorado concert promoter, Nobody In Particular Presents (NIPP).[182] In the lawsuit, NIPP alleged that Clear Channel halted airplay on its local stations for (NIPP) clients, and that Clear Channel would not allow NIPP to publicize its concerts on the air. The lawsuit was settled in 2004 when Clear Channel agreed to pay NIPP a confidential sum. However, a systematic analysis of concert ticket prices found no evidence that Clear Channel was cross-leveraging its radio interests with its (now divested) concert promotion interests.[188]

Production of local programming

iHeartMedia uses the RCS Nex-Gen automation system throughout their properties. Like most contemporary automation systems, Nex-Gen allows a DJ from anywhere in the country to sound as if he or she is broadcasting from anywhere else in the country, on any other station.[189] A technological outgrowth of earlier, tape-based automation systems dating back to the 1960s, this method—known as voice-tracking—allows for smaller market stations to be partially or completely staffed by "cyber-jocks" who may never have visited the town from which they are broadcasting. This practice may also result in local on-air positions being reduced or eliminated. It has been stated that iHeartMedia maintains a majority of its staff in hourly-paid, part-time positions.

Lack of local staff during emergency

Main article: Minot train derailment

Clear Channel was criticized for a situation that occurred in Minot, North Dakota, on the morning of January 18, 2002. At around 2:30 a.m., a Canadian Pacific Railway train derailed and leaked 240,000 US gallons (910,000 L) of toxic anhydrous ammonia, releasing a cloud of caustic, poisonous gas over the city.[190] At the time, Clear Channel owned six commercial radio stations out of nine in the Minot area. City officials attempted to contact the local Clear Channel office by telephone to spread warnings of the danger using its radio stations, but it was several critical hours before the station manager was finally reached at his home. In the meantime, 9-1-1 operators were advising panicked callers to tune to KCJB for emergency instructions, but the station was not broadcasting any such information.[191]

The ammonia spill was the largest of its kind in the United States, with one person killed, and over 1,000 seeking medical attention. Clear Channel claimed no responsibility for its failure to warn residents, maintaining that the city should have used the Emergency Alert System to trigger automatic equipment in place at all U.S. radio stations. The EAS equipment was later found to be functional at the time, but had not been activated by city, state or regional authorities.[192] Other critical systems throughout Minot were either inoperable or had failed, including the public siren system, electricity in parts of the town, and the 9-1-1 telephone system, which became overloaded.[193]

Rejection of advertising images

 
Clear Channel Outdoor rejected the two images on the left

In June 2010 Clear Channel Outdoor rejected without comment two digital billboard images submitted by St. Pete Pride,[194] an LGBT organization that sponsors gay pride events in the St. Petersburg, Florida area, leading the group to cancel its contract with Clear Channel. St. Pete Pride has stated that throughout its eight-year history, Clear Channel has edited the organization's advertising material, and questioned whether the rejection of these images were because they displayed same-sex couples in affectionate poses. A Clear Channel spokesperson declined to comment on the specific reasons why the images were rejected but denied that the affection being shown was an issue, saying that such images had been included in previous St. Pete Pride campaigns.[195][196][197][198]

Censorship

iHeartMedia and its subsidiaries have been associated with censorship of state and federal candidates for public office, elected officials and various political viewpoints.

iHeartMedia has been criticized in the past for censoring opinions critical of the Republican Party. Magic, the 2007 release from Bruce Springsteen which contained songs that were subtly critical of then-president George W. Bush, a Republican, and his administration, was censored from air play on Clear Channel. After Natalie Maines, the singer of the country band Dixie Chicks, told a London audience that they were "ashamed [of the fact that] the president of the United States is from Texas", the band's radio airplay dropped precipitously. Afterwards, some iHeartMedia (then Clear Channel) stations removed The Dixie Chicks from their playlists without any noted repercussions from the company. Gail Austin, Clear Channel's director of programming said, "Out of respect for our troops, our city and our listeners, [we] have taken the Dixie Chicks off our playlists."[199] Clear Channel was accused of orchestrating the radio blacklist by such critics as Paul Krugman; however, others claim some Clear Channel stations continued to play the band longer than some other companies.[200]

In 2005, Clear Channel-owned KTVX was the only local television station in Salt Lake City that refused to air a paid political message of Cindy Sheehan against the war in Iraq during a visit by President Bush.[201]

On May 8, 2014, the FCC was asked to respond to a political programming complaint, made against an iHeartMedia owned broadcast licensee, Capstar TX LLC by supporters of Tom Barrett, the Democratic candidate for Governor of Wisconsin. Capstar would not give them any free airtime on its radio stations WISN (AM) and WTMJ (AM), in order to respond to statements supporting Scott Walker, the Republican candidate for office in the 2012 election. Walker's supporters had received free air time from WISN and WTMJ for political campaigning purposes. Barrett supporters based their complaint on WISN's violation of the Zapple doctrine. The FCC responded by rescinding the Zapple doctrine as a no longer enforceable component of the fairness doctrine.

Use of paid actors posing as callers

iHeartMedia, through its subsidiary, Premiere Radio Networks, auditions and hires actors to call in to talk radio shows and pose as listeners in order to provide shows, carried by iHeartMedia and other broadcasters, with planned content in the form of stories and opinions. The custom caller service provided by Premiere Radio assures its clients they won't hear the same actor's voice for at least two months in order to appear authentic to listeners who might otherwise catch on.[202]

iHeartMedia and rock radio

iHeartMedia has caused controversy with rock music fans in major cities for changing the programming on several longtime rock stations to other formats. These have included:

  • KSJO San Jose (formerly an iHeart station) – flipped to Spanish-language oldies on October 28, 2004, after 35 years as a rock station[203]
  • KLOL Houston – flipped to Spanish-language pop on November 12, 2004, after 34 years as a rock station[204] (the station was sold to CBS Radio a few years later)
  • WFNX Boston – flipped to adult hits on July 24, 2012, after 29 years as an alternative rock station[205]
  • WKLS Atlanta – flipped to mainstream top 40 on August 29, 2012, after 38 years as a rock station[206]
  • KZEP-FM San Antonio – flipped to rhythmic hot AC on August 8, 2014, after 25 years as a classic rock station and 45 years of some form of rock music on the frequency (the classic rock format was moved to low-powered translator K227BH)[207]
  • KDGE Dallas–Fort Worth – flipped to Christmas music on November 16, 2016, then Mainstream AC on December 26 after 27 years (11 years on 94.5 before moving to 102.1 in 2000, and 16 years on 102.1) as an alternative rock station.[208]

Similarly, on September 28, 2012, 640 WGST (conservative news/talk) changed formats to Spanish sports, sparking outrage from Atlanta listeners and petitions to return 640 to its original news format. On April 23, 2013, less than eight months after switching formats, it was announced that WGST would return to a news/talk format beginning June 3, 2013, with all syndicated programming.

See also

References

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Further reading

  1. Eric Boehlert, , salon.com, April 30, 2001
  2. Eric Boehlert, , salon.com, May 30, 2001
  3. "Group sues over anti-war billboard", CNN, July 12, 2004

External links

  • Official website
  • Business data for iHeartMedia Class A Common Stock:
    • Bloomberg
    • Google
    • Reuters
    • SEC filings
    • Yahoo!

January 09, 2023
iheartmedia, formerly, media, holdings, american, mass, media, corporation, headquartered, antonio, texas, holding, company, iheartcommunications, formerly, clear, channel, communications, company, founded, lowry, mays, mccombs, 1972, later, taken, private, ba. iHeartMedia Inc formerly CC Media Holdings Inc is an American mass media corporation headquartered in San Antonio Texas 5 It is the holding company of iHeartCommunications Inc formerly Clear Channel Communications Inc a company founded by Lowry Mays and B J Red McCombs in 1972 and later taken private by Bain Capital and Thomas H Lee Partners through a leveraged buyout in 2008 As a result of this buyout Clear Channel Communications Inc began to operate as a wholly owned subsidiary of CC Media Holdings Inc 6 7 On September 16 2014 CC Media Holdings Inc was rebranded iHeartMedia Inc and Clear Channel Communications Inc became iHeartCommunications Inc 8 9 iHeartMedia Inc FormerlyCC Media Holdings Inc iHeartMedia Inc holding company TypePublicTraded asNasdaq IHRT Class A Common Stock OTC Pink IHRTB Class B Common Stock OTC Pink IHETW Warrants IndustryRadio broadcasting podcasting digital media live eventsFounded1972 51 years ago 1972 Clear Channel Communications subsidiary 2014 9 years ago 2014 iHeartMedia Inc holding company FoundersLowry MaysRed McCombsHeadquartersSan Antonio Texas U S Key peopleBob Pittman Chairman CEO 1 Greg Ashlock CEO Multiplatform Group 2 Conal Byrne CEO Digital Audio Group 3 RevenueUS 3 6 billion 2019 4 Operating incomeUS 506 7 million 2019 4 Net incomeUS 11 3 billion 2019 4 Total assetsUS 11 billion 2019 4 Total equityUS 2 9 billion 2019 4 Number of employees9 588 5 2021 DivisionsiHeartMedia sans Inc suffix formerlyClear Channel Media and Entertainment Clear Channel Radio et al SubsidiariesBroader Media LLC iHeartCommunications Inc iHeartMedia and Entertainment Inc iHeartMedia Capital I LLC Voxnest Inc Websiteiheartmedia wbr com Contents 1 Overview 2 History 2 1 Leveraged buyout 2 2 iHeartMedia bankruptcy 2 3 Emergence from bankruptcy realignments towards digital 3 Businesses 3 1 Radio 3 1 1 Radio acquisitions 3 2 Outdoor advertising 3 3 Television 3 3 1 Former Clear Channel owned stations 3 4 Music charts 3 5 News and information 3 6 Worldwide 3 6 1 Bicycle rental systems 3 7 Vertical Real Estate 4 Programming 4 1 Format Lab and HD2 Formats 4 2 iHeartRadio 4 3 Alternative stations 4 4 Hip hop Rap R amp B and rhythmic stations 4 5 Smooth jazz 4 6 Dance and EDM 4 7 News talk stations 4 8 Sports talk stations 4 9 Adult standards 4 10 Adult contemporary 4 11 Contemporary hit radio 4 12 Country music 4 13 Oldies and classic hits 4 14 Rock 4 15 Spanish 4 16 Religious 4 17 Specialties 5 Criticism 5 1 Market share 5 2 September 11 2001 5 3 Live music recordings 5 4 Indecency zero tolerance 5 5 Concerts 5 6 Production of local programming 5 7 Lack of local staff during emergency 5 8 Rejection of advertising images 5 9 Censorship 5 10 Use of paid actors posing as callers 5 11 iHeartMedia and rock radio 6 See also 7 References 8 Further reading 9 External linksOverview EditiHeartMedia Inc specializes in radio broadcasting podcasting digital and live events through division iHeartMedia sans Inc suffix formerly Clear Channel Media and Entertainment Clear Channel Radio et al and subsidiary iHeartMedia and Entertainment Inc formerly Clear Channel Broadcasting Inc the company owns more than 850 full power AM and FM radio stations in the U S making it the country s largest owner of radio stations The company has also been involved in internet radio and podcasting via the digital platform iHeartRadio 10 11 from which the company derives its current name In the past the company was also involved in live events and out of home advertising The company spun off these businesses in 2005 and 2019 respectively as the present day Live Nation Entertainment 12 13 and Clear Channel Outdoor 14 History Edit Former logo as Clear Channel Clear Channel Communications purchased its first FM station in San Antonio in 1972 15 The company purchased the second clear channel AM station WOAI in 1975 In 1976 the company purchased its first stations outside of San Antonio KXXO now KAKC and KMOD FM in Tulsa were acquired under the name San Antonio Broadcasting same as KEEZ Stations were also added in Port Arthur Texas KPAC AM FM now KDEI and KTJM from Port Arthur College and El Paso Texas KELP now KQBU from John Walton Jr In 1992 the U S Congress relaxed radio ownership rules slightly allowing the company to acquire more than 2 stations per market By 1995 Clear Channel owned 43 radio stations and 16 television stations When the Telecommunications Act of 1996 became law the act deregulated media ownership allowing a company to own more stations than previously allowed Clear Channel went on a subsequent buying spree purchasing more than 70 other media companies and individual stations citation needed In a few cases following purchase of a competitor Clear Channel was forced to divest some of its stations as it was above the legal thresholds in some cities In 2005 the courts ruled that Clear Channel must also divest itself of some border blaster radio stations in international border cities such as the alternative rock radio station XETRA FM 91X in Tijuana Baja California San Diego In 1997 Clear Channel moved out of pure broadcasting when it purchased billboard firm Eller Media 16 which was led by Karl Eller In 1998 it made its first move outside of the United States when it acquired the leading UK outdoor advertising company More Group plc which was led by Roger Parry Clear Channel went on to buy many other outdoor advertising radio broadcasting and live events companies around the world which were then re branded Clear Channel International These included a 51 stake in Clear Media Ltd in China 17 In 1999 the company acquired Jacor Communications a radio corporation based in Cincinnati 18 The company also made an investment in the new satellite radio service XM Satellite Radio giving it the rights to program a selection of stations on the service which would be drawn from some of its stations and syndicated output 19 R Steven Hicks and Hicks Muse Tate amp Furst began Capstar Broadcasting in 1996 and a year later had become the largest owner of radio stations in the country with 243 stations in total In August 1997 Capstar and Hicks Muse Tate amp Furst announced plans to acquire SFX Broadcasting with the resulting company owning 314 stations in 79 markets and ranking as the third largest radio group by income 20 A year later Chancellor Media Corporation and Capstar Broadcasting Corporation announced a merger that would result in Chancellor Media owning 463 stations in 105 markets when the deal was completed in second quarter 1999 Hicks Muse Tate amp Furst owned 59 percent of Capstar with 355 stations in 83 markets and was the largest single owner of Chancellor which had 108 stations in 22 markets with 15 percent of the stock 21 Chancellor Media later became AMFM Inc which was acquired by Clear Channel in a deal announced October 3 1999 and valued at 17 4 billion The resulting company would own 830 radio stations 19 television stations and over 425 000 outdoor displays in 32 countries 22 23 24 In 2000 Clear Channel acquired Robert F X Sillerman s SFX Entertainment a concert promoter that had focused on consolidation of regional promoters under a national operation 25 In 2005 Clear Channel spun off its entertainment and live events business as Live Nation 26 Leveraged buyout Edit On November 16 2006 Clear Channel announced plans to go private being bought out by two private equity firms Thomas H Lee Partners and Bain Capital Partners for 26 7 billion which included their assumption of 8 billion in Clear Channel debt 27 This was just under a 10 percent premium above its closing price of 35 36 a share on November 16 the deal values Clear Channel at 37 60 per share 28 27 In a separate transaction also announced on November 16 2006 Clear Channel said it would seek buyers for all of its television stations and 539 of its smaller radio stations because the private equity buyers were not interested in owning television or small market radio Over a hundred stations were assigned to Aloha Station Trust LLC upon the consummation of the merger The television stations were sold to Newport Television a broadcaster owned by Providence Equity Partners on April 23 2007 29 30 31 Due to the credit market crunch of 2007 Clear Channel had difficulty selling some of its radio stations Clear Channel s attempt to sell off over 100 stations to GoodRadio TV LLC was rejected by the equity firm backing the deal 32 The deal then shifted to Frequency License LLC but took longer to resolve itself as the two parties were engaged in lawsuits On top of that the sale of Clear Channel s television portfolio to Newport Television had also turned uncertain as Providence considered other options although this transaction was ultimately completed 33 On December 4 2007 Clear Channel announced that they had extended the termination date of the buyout from December 12 2007 to June 12 2008 34 On July 24 2008 Clear Channel held a special shareholder meeting during which the majority of shareholders accepted a revised 36 per share offer from Bain Capital and Thomas H Lee Partners 35 36 Shareholders received either 36 in cash or one share of CC Media Class A common stock for each share of Clear Channel common stock held 37 The company announced that it would move to more centralized programming and lay off 1 500 employees or approximately 7 of its workforce on January 20 2009 The reasoning was bleak economic conditions and debt from its transition to a private company 38 By the completion of the restructuring in May 2009 a total of 2 440 positions were eliminated 39 iHeartMedia bankruptcy Edit In early 2010 it was announced that the company was facing the possibility of bankruptcy due to its crippling debt 40 After 21 years Mark Mays stepped down as president and CEO of Clear Channel on June 23 2010 41 Mays remained as chairman of the board 42 On October 2 2011 Robert W Bob Pittman who was then the company s Chairman of Media and Entertainment Platforms was named CEO of CC Media Holdings 43 44 45 In August 2013 Clear Channel sold its minority stake in Sirius XM for 135 5 million This also resulted in the removal of most Clear Channel programmed stations on the service besides simulcasts of WHTZ and KIIS FM 19 On January 6 2014 Clear Channel announced a marketing partnership with Robert F X Sillerman s SFX Entertainment a second incarnation of a live events company that had been sold to Clear Channel which spun off to form Live Nation to collaborate on electronic dance music content for its digital and terrestrial radio outlets including a Beatport top 20 countdown show 46 The partnership expanded upon the company s existing EDM oriented outlets such as Evolution Staff including John Sykes believed that the deal particularly the Beatport countdown show would help provide a higher level of national exposure to current and up and coming EDM artists 47 48 In September 2014 it was announced that the company would be renamed from Clear Channel Communications to iHeartMedia alluding to its iHeartRadio platform to reflect the company s growing emphasis on digital media and internet radio 49 The previous name Clear Channel came from AM broadcasting referring to a channel frequency on which only one station transmits In the U S clear channel stations have exclusive rights to their frequencies throughout most of the continent at night when AM signals travel far due to skywave CEO Bob Pittman explained that the company had been doing progressive stuff yet they were still named after AM radio stations 50 In 2016 one of the company s directors Julia B Donnelly left the board of iHeartCommunications and was replaced by Laura A Grattan a director at Thomas H Lee Grattan was named to the board of managers of iHeartMedia Capital I LLC the direct parent of iHeartCommunications as well as the board of directors of iHeartMedia Inc the indirect parent of iHeartCommunications 51 Since 2008 iHeartMedia had struggled to pay down more than 20 billion in debt the company assumed from its leveraged buyout Various media outlets including Bloomberg News Reuters Radio Ink and iHeartMedia s hometown newspaper the San Antonio Express News claimed that either bankruptcy or a major restructuring was likely 52 53 54 55 On April 20 2017 the company warned investors that it might not survive over the following 10 months 56 On November 30 2017 it was reported that a group of creditors had rejected iHeartMedia s latest debt restructuring proposal instead bringing out a deal where the company might file for bankruptcy 57 On March 15 2018 the company filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy and claimed that it reached an agreement to restructure 10 billion of its over 20 billion in debt 58 Emergence from bankruptcy realignments towards digital Edit In September 2018 iHeartMedia acquired HowStuffWorks podcast network Stuff Media for 55 million 59 On November 19 2018 iHeartMedia announced its intent to acquire Jelli the provider of a programmatic advertising platform for radio stations 60 In January 2019 the U S Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of Texas approved a creditor supported plan for iHeartMedia to exit bankruptcy which would reduce the company s debt from 16 1 billion to 5 75 billion The plan included the spin out of iHeartMedia s 89 1 stake in its out of home advertising division Clear Channel Outdoor 61 62 In April 2019 the company also filed a proposed initial public offering 63 iHeartMedia emerged from Chapter 11 bankruptcy in May 2019 with a new board of directors and the spin out of Clear Channel Outdoor but maintaining its existing leadership of CEO Bob Pittman and president Rich Bressler 63 Rather than pursue its IPO which was estimated to potentially be valued at 1 1 billion iHeartMedia instead received approval for a direct listing on the Nasdaq 64 On January 14 2020 iHeartMedia announced a major restructuring as part of an effort to modernize our company to take advantage of the significant investments we have made in new technology and aligning our operating structure to match the technology powered businesses we are now in This included the restructuring of its Markets Group into three divisions the Regions division for its largest markets the Metropolitan division for other major cities and the Communities division for smaller markets and adding a multi market partnerships unit and the announced development of centers of excellence that would use its technology investments to provide a better experience for listeners and business partners and a more efficient process for all of its employees The restructuring was accompanied by a major round of layoffs and displacements with a large number of staff members and on air personalities being affected 65 66 Businesses EditiHeartMedia has purchased interest in or outright acquired companies in a number of media or advertising related industries This is not an exhaustive list Radio Edit iHeartRadio s offices and studios in Denver Colorado which houses KTCL KDHT KBCO KRFX KOA KBPI KHOW KDFD and KWBL With 855 stations iHeartMedia is the largest radio station group owner in the United States 67 both by number of stations and by revenue The 855 stations reach more than 110 million listeners every week and 245 million every month According to BIA Financial Network iHeartMedia recorded more than 3 5 billion in revenues as of 2021 update 1 billion more than the number two group owner Audacy 68 In June 2012 the company announced that it would become the first U S radio group to partner with record labels to pay performance royalties directly to labels and musicians in addition to songwriters and producers The royalties are paid via revenue sharing for advertising across platforms including digital rather than a flat payment each time a song is played Big Machine Label Group was announced as the first partner in this scheme Pittman stated that the arrangement would let labels and artists participate in the revenue of broadcast radio immediately and in digital radio as it builds 69 70 71 72 Radio acquisitions Edit iHeartMedia has purchased stations from or acquired the following radio companies The Ackerley Group 73 AMFM Inc 74 75 Chancellor Media 76 77 Chancellor Broadcasting 78 American Media Inc 79 Colfax Communications 80 OmniAmerica 81 Shamrock Broadcasting 82 Evergreen Media 78 Broadcasting Partners 83 Brown Organization 84 Gannett Radio 85 Pyramid Communications 86 Viacom Radio 87 Capstar also operating under Gulfstar Southern Star Pacific Star and Atlantic Star 88 89 Benchmark Communications 90 Commodore Media 91 Osborn Communications 92 Patterson Broadcasting 93 SFX Broadcasting 94 Liberty Broadcasting 95 Prism Radio Partners 96 Triathlon Broadcasting 80 Apex Broadcasting 97 Clark Broadcasting Dame Media 98 99 Eastern Radio Assets 100 Jacor 101 102 Citicasters Communications 103 104 Nationwide Communications Inc 105 Regent Communications 106 Noble Broadcast Group 107 Metro Networks 108 Mondosphere Broadcasting 109 Metroplex Communications 110 Paxson Communications 111 Quad City Radio Equity Partners 112 Roberts Radio 113 Taylor Broadcasting 114 Trumper Communications 115 US Radio 116 XM Satellite Radio service and programming agreement Outdoor advertising Edit Billboards at Yonge Dundas Square in Toronto owned by Clear Channel in 2005 Clear Channel Outdoor CCO is an advertising company that was previously owned by iHeartMedia In May 2019 it was spun out from iHeartMedia as part of its exit from bankruptcy 63 Television Edit Clear Channel Television is a defunct television broadcaster and a former subsidiary of the group that was in operation for nearly 20 years from 1988 to 2008 It owned more than 40 stations most of them were from the Big Six networks a few of which are independent non network affiliates It was initially headed by J Daniel Sullivan who set up as president of Clear Channel s television division 117 The group made its beginnings when the first television station iHeartMedia purchased as Clear Channel was WPMI in Mobile Alabama in 1988 118 Later that year Clear Channel Communications bought out KDTU TV in Tucson Arizona which became Clear Channel s second television station 119 On March 13 1989 Clear Channel Television bought out KOKI TV for 6 5 million 120 This was followed on July 3 of that year with the purchase of Fox affiliate WAWS TV in Jacksonville Florida from Malrite Communications Group for 8 1 million 121 122 Eventually over time Clear Channel Television became the second largest independent independent television group behind Sinclair Broadcast Group 123 In 1990 Clear Channel bought out its fifth television station KSAS TV in Wichita Kansas for 7 9 million 124 In 1991 Clear Channel bought out KLRT TV in Little Rock Arkansas for 6 6 million 125 In 1992 Clear Channel bought out WPTY TV in Memphis from Chase Communications for 21 million 126 127 Later on in 1993 the company bought out KITN TV in Minneapolis St Paul from Nationwide Communications 128 followed in 1994 by the purchase of WXXA TV in Albany from Heritage Communications for 25 5 million 129 In 1991 Clear Channel Television jumped into the foray of local marketing agreements starting in 1991 with WJTC which Clear Channel operated through a LMA with WPMI and subsequently later on in 1992 when KASN entered into a LMA with Clear Channel s KLRT TV Clear Channel also entered into a deal with Providence Journal Company who owns Fox affiliate KMSB in Tucson to operate KTTU through a local marketing agreement 130 Memphis also jumped onto the board when WLMT entered into a LMA with Clear Channel s WPTY 131 Also in 1993 Clear Channel entered into a local marketing agreement with RDS Communications to operate KTFO TV in Tulsa which most of the inventory will be supplied by KOKI 132 Later on in 1994 in Jacksonville WTEV TV entered into a local marketing agreement with WAWS the Clear Channel television station 133 In 1994 Fox shockingly announced its intentions to purchase WHBQ TV which displaced Clear Channel s WPTY TV as its Fox Memphis affiliate 134 Also that year as part of a group deal involving stations acquired by SF Broadcasting Clear Channel s WPMI TV in Mobile was set to be displaced as Mobile s Fox affiliate by WALA TV as part of a three station deal with the other Burnham stations 135 These moves didn t sit well for Clear Channel Television whose president Dan Sullivan thought they wanted to affiliate it with the ousted networks including NBC in Mobile and ABC in Memphis 136 In 1995 Clear Channel purchased its first Big Three network affiliate WHP TV in Harrisburg for 30 million 137 It was subsequently followed it up when Gateway Communications owners of WLYH TV entered into a LMA with Clear Channel s WHP TV 138 Later on that year J Dan Sullivan left Clear Channel Television to start out Sullivan Broadcasting to acquire the Act III Broadcasting stations 139 He was then succeeded by Rip Rioridan as president 140 In 1996 it bought out WPRI TV in Providence from CBS which CBS did not keep due to slight signal overlap with WBZ TV in Boston 141 Also that year Argyle Television Holdings II who owned WNAC TV entered into a LMA with Clear Channel s WPRI 142 As part of the radio TV strategy Clear Channel acquired Jacor Communications which incorporated WKRC TV in Cincinnati into the Clear Channel Television branch 143 Once FCC relaxed its duopoly rules Clear Channel acquired stations that were originally LMA markets outright including WLMT in Memphis KTFO in Tulsa WTEV in Jacksonville KASN in Little Rock and WJTC in Mobile 144 Also in 2000 Clear Channel sold WPRI to Sunrise Television for 50 million 145 Later on in 2001 William Moll become the president of Clear Channel Television replacing Rioridan 146 In 2001 after acquiring the stations of Chris Craft Industries Fox Television Stations traded WFTC to Clear Channel Television for Fox s own TV stations KMOL TV in San Antonio and KTVX in Salt Lake City 147 In 2002 Clear Channel acquired Ackerley Group which incorporated its television holdings into the Clear Channel Television portfolio 148 Also that year Clear Channel sold KTTU in Tucson to Belo outright 149 In 2003 Clear Channel announced that they would sell WUTR to Mission Broadcasting 150 In 2004 Clear Channel bought WETM outright after the death of Robert Smith the founder of Smith Broadcasting 151 In 2005 Clear Channel acquired another Salt Lake City television station KUWB from Acme Communications for 18 5 million in cash 152 In 2006 Don Perry was then named president and CEO of Clear Channel Television 153 Ever that in the 2000s Clear Channel began the trend of using legacy callsigns for former radio sisters as new call designated signs for existing Clear Channel TV properties since it already owned radio stations although WKRC TV already used the moniker when it was under Clear Channel ownership In 2002 San Antonio s Clear Channel station KMOL TV was rebranded to WOAI TV the original call letters that station is using from 1948 to 1974 matching up with radio sister WOAI AM 154 In 2005 WOKR the Rochester Clear Channel affiliate was rebranded to WHAM TV the original call letters for an unrelated Rochester station WROC TV from 1948 to 1956 matching up for radio sister WHAM AM 155 Also that year sister station in Syracuse WIXT was rebranded to WSYR TV the original call letters for WSTM TV from 1950 to 1980 matching up for radio sister WSYR AM 156 In 2007 the company entered into an agreement to sell all its television stations to Providence Equity Partners for 1 2 billion 30 a deal that eventually closed in March 2008 29 Earlier that year Don Perry left as president and CEO of Clear Channel Television 157 All former Clear Channel television stations were owned by Newport Television while the other six were flipped to other buyers by Newport In 2012 to mid 2013 Newport sold off all of its holdings to several other television groups including Cox Media Group Nexstar Media Group and Sinclair Broadcast Group Former Clear Channel owned stations Edit Stations are arranged alphabetically by state and by city of license City of license Market Station Channel TV RF Years owned Current ownership statusMobile Alabama Pensacola Florida WPMI TV 15 15 1988 2008 NBC affiliate owned by Deerfield Media Operated through an SSA by Sinclair Broadcast Group WJTC 44 45 2000 2008 Independent station owned by Deerfield Media Operated through an SSA by Sinclair Broadcast Group Fairbanks Alaska KTVF 11 26 2002 2008 NBC affiliate owned by Gray TelevisionTucson Arizona KTTU 18 19 1988 2002 MyNetworkTV affiliate owned by Tegna Inc operated through an SSA by Gray Television Little Rock Arkansas KLRT TV 16 30 1991 2008 Fox affiliate owned by Mission Broadcasting Operated through an SSA by Nexstar Media Group KASN 38 39 2000 2008 The CW affiliate owned by Mission Broadcasting Operated through an SSA by Nexstar Media Group Bakersfield California KGET TV 17 25 2002 2008 NBC affiliate owned by Nexstar Media GroupKKEY LP 11 17 3 2003 2008 Telemundo affiliate owned by Nexstar Media GroupEureka California KVIQ 6 later 17 17 2002 2005 defunct Went dark in 2018 158 159 license cancelled in 2020 160 Callsign changed to KJRW prior to the shutdown intellectual unit and CBS programmingtransferred to a Northwest Broadcasting owned license and renamed KVIQ LD 161 Fresno California KGPE 47 34 2002 2008 CBS affiliate owned by Nexstar Media GroupMonterey Salinas California KION TV 46 32 2002 2008 CBS affiliate owned by News Press amp Gazette CompanyKCBA 35 13 2002 2008 CW Plus affiliate owned by Seal Rock Broadcasters LLC Operated through an SSA by Entravision Communications KMUV LP 23 2005 2008 Telemundo affiliate owned by News Press amp Gazette CompanySanta Maria California KCOY TV 12 19 2002 2008 Dabl affiliate owned by VistaWest Media LLC Operated through an SSA by News Press amp Gazette Company KKFX CA 24 2002 2008 Fox affiliate owned by News Press amp Gazette CompanySanta Rosa San Francisco California KFTY 50 32 2002 2008 Azteca America owned and operated station O amp O KEMO TV owned by HC2 HoldingsJacksonville Florida WAWS 30 32 1989 2008 Fox affiliate WFOX TV owned by Cox Media GroupWTEV TV 47 19 2000 2008 CBS affiliate WJAX TV owned by Hoffman Communications Inc Operated through an SSA by Cox Media Group Wichita Kansas KSAS TV 24 26 1990 2008 Dual Fox MyNetworkTV affiliate owned by Sinclair Broadcast GroupKMTW 36 35 1 Dabl affiliate owned by Mercury Broadcasting Company operated through an SSA by Sinclair Broadcast Group Hoisington Kansas KOCW Satellite of KSAS TV 14 14 1990 2008 Dual Fox MyNetworkTV affiliate owned by Sinclair Broadcast GroupSalina Kansas KAAS Satellite of KSAS TV 18 17 1990 2008 Dual Fox MyNetworkTV affiliate owned by Sinclair Broadcast GroupMinneapolis St Paul Minnesota KITN TV WFTC 9 2 29 1993 2001 MyNetworkTV owned and operated O amp O owned by Fox Television StationsAlbany Schenectady Troy New York WXXA TV 23 7 1994 2008 Fox affiliate owned by Mission Broadcasting operated through an SSA by Nexstar Media Group Binghamton New York WIVT 34 34 2002 2008 ABC affiliate owned by Nexstar Media GroupWBGH CA 20 34 2 2002 2008 NBC affiliate owned by Nexstar Media GroupElmira New York WETM TV 18 18 2004 2008 NBC affiliate owned by Nexstar Media GroupRochester New York WOKR WHAM TV 13 13 2002 2008 ABC affiliate owned by Deerfield Media Operated through an SSA by Sinclair Broadcast Group Syracuse New York WIXT TV WSYR TV 9 17 2002 2008 ABC affiliate owned by Nexstar Media GroupUtica New York WUTR 20 30 2002 2004 ABC affiliate owned by Mission Broadcasting operated through an SSA by Nexstar Media Group Watertown New York WWTI 50 21 2002 2008 ABC affiliate owned by Nexstar Media GroupCincinnati Ohio WKRC TV 12 12 1999 2008 CBS affiliate owned by Sinclair Broadcast GroupTulsa Oklahoma KOKI TV 23 22 1989 2008 Fox affiliate owned by Imagicomm CommunicationsKMYT TV 41 42 2000 2008 MyNetworkTV affiliate owned by Imagicomm CommunicationsEugene Oregon KMTR 16 17 2002 2008 NBC affiliate owned by Roberts Media LLC Operated through an SSA by Sinclair Broadcast Group Coos Bay Oregon KMCB Satellite of KMTR 23 22 2002 2008 NBC affiliate owned by Roberts Media LLC Operated through an SSA by Sinclair Broadcast Group Roseburg Oregon KTCW Satellite of KMTR 46 45 2002 2008 NBC affiliate owned by Roberts Media LLC Operated through an SSA by Sinclair Broadcast Group Harrisburg Pennsylvania WHP TV 21 21 1995 2008 CBS affiliate owned by Sinclair Broadcast GroupWLYH TV 15 21 2 Comet TV affiliate WXBU owned by Howard Stirk HoldingsProvidence Rhode Island WPRI TV 12 13 1996 2001 CBS affiliate owned by Nexstar Media GroupWNAC TV 64 12 3 Dual Fox The CW affiliate owned by Mission Broadcasting operated through an SSA by Nexstar Media Group Jackson Tennessee WJKT 16 39 2000 2008 Fox affiliate owned by Nexstar Media GroupMemphis Tennessee WPTY TV 24 25 1992 2008 ABC affiliate WATN TV owned by Tegna Inc WLMT 30 31 2000 2008 The CW affiliate owned by Tegna Inc San Antonio Texas KMOL TV WOAI TV 4 48 2001 2008 Dual NBC CW affiliate owned by Sinclair Broadcast GroupSalt Lake City Utah KTVX 4 40 2001 2008 ABC affiliate owned by Nexstar Media GroupKUWB KUCW 30 48 2005 2008 The CW affiliate owned by Nexstar Media GroupBellingham Washington Vancouver British Columbia Bellingham is nominally in the Seattle market KVOS TV 12 35 2002 2008 Heroes amp Icons owned and operated station O amp O owned by Weigel BroadcastingNotes 1 Owned by Paramount Stations Group and Mercury Broadcasting Company Clear Channel operated KMTW under a local marketing agreement with KSAS 2 Owned by Gateway Communications SJL Broadcasting and Nexstar Broadcasting Group Clear Channel operated WLYH under a local marketing agreement with WHP 3 Owned by Argyle Television Holdings II Hearst Argyle Television and Sunrise Television Clear Channel operated WNAC under a local marketing agreement with WPRI Music charts Edit iHeartMedia owns Mediabase which provide music charts based on songs and tracks receiving the most spins played on radio stations in the United States and Canada A majority of stations that report to Mediabase are iHeartMedia outlets but other companies also report to the Mediabase charts In addition countdown shows produced by Premiere will utilize Mediabase charts for the basis of their programs News and information Edit 24 7 News Source Operates iHeartRadio News Network and local news networks in Kentucky West Virginia Virginia Ohio Oklahoma Alabama Tennessee Georgia and Florida Premiere Networks Acquired and later sold the Agri Broadcast Network ABN a farm programming provider in Ohio Publishes Inside Radio magazine Total Traffic amp Weather Network reports on road and traffic conditions across the United States and in Mexico City Mexico These are used by many GPS navigation systems 162 Total Traffic amp Weather also produce and distributes NBC News Radio Fan Radio Network a sports radio network that serves Minnesota South Dakota and North Dakota The flagship station is KFXN FM in Minneapolis MN Your Smooth Jazz 24 hour smooth jazz network provided under the company s Broadcast Architecture division 163 Worldwide Edit Bicing a community bicycle program in Barcelona Spain Owns part of radio groups in New Zealand Mexico Norway and Australia Owns outdoor advertising companies in Brazil Chile Finland France Italy Latvia Norway Poland Romania Singapore South Africa Sweden Switzerland Turkey Belgium and Mauritius Owns L amp C Outdoor Comunicacao Visual Ltda of Brazil United Kingdom Large numbers of billboards through a takeover of Adshel See Clear Channel UKBicycle rental systems Edit Operates urban bicycle sharing systems in several European cities City Country Launch date Systemname Stations BikesCaen 164 France 40 350Dijon 165 France 33 350Perpignan 166 France 15 150Rennes 167 France 1998 25 200Oslo Norway Oslo BysykkelDrammen Norway Drammen BysykkelTrondheim Norway Trondheim Bysykkel 168 Barcelona Spain Bicing 169 400 6 000Zaragoza Spain BiziStockholm Sweden City bikes 170 140 1 000Malmo Sweden Malmo by bike 171 Milan Italy bikeMi 172 103 1 300Antwerp Belgium 9 juin 2011 Velo Antwerpen 297 4 200Vertical Real Estate Edit In 2003 Clear Channel created the Vertical Real Estate division and hired Scott Quitadamo to promote its tower portfolio iHeartMedia owns and operates approximately 1 500 broadcast transmission towers across the U S many of which are available for co location by third parties such as cellular and PCS companies wireless internet fixed wireless and other broadcasters Programming EditMain article List of programming syndicated by iHeartMedia See also Premiere Networks iHeartMedia operates the country s largest syndication service Premiere Networks In addition iHeartMedia syndicates a number of its homegrown talk and music shows without the aid of Premiere While Premiere actively sells its shows to stations the non Premiere syndicated shows are often used as a cost cutting measure and do not have a large sales staff Those shows also do not carry network wide advertising unless distributed by a third party and allow the affiliates to keep all local spots which increases their appeal These networks carry many program hosts of various political ideologies and distribute a variety of programs to both iHeartMedia owned and non iHeartMedia owned stations In addition to its own syndication network iHeartMedia offers studio space and other services to the WestStar TalkRadio Network which is based at iHeartMedia s studios in Phoenix Arizona As a result many WestStar programs are heard on iHeartMedia stations Not all programming heard on iHeartMedia s radio stations are produced in house however most of iHeartMedia s stations share many similarities to each other in branding and programming Format Lab and HD2 Formats Edit Main article iHeartRadio The Format Lab was a radio programming think tank conceived built and managed by Michael Albl for Clear Channel now known as iHeartMedia that produced 84 formats for use on AM FM HD XM Stream Mobile The formats ranged from mainstream formats music genre niches lifestyles to the highly experimental These formats were heard on most of Clear Channel s HD Radio subchannels on SiriusXM Sprint MSpot and used as the original music streaming service for Clear Channel Online Music and Radio CCOMR In 2009 the Format Lab split into two programming services 1 Terrestrial Radio known as Premium Choice and 2 iHeartRadio online streaming iHeartRadio Edit Main article iHeartRadio iHeartRadio is a free broadcast podcast and streaming radio platform It is also the national umbrella brand for iHeartMedia s radio network aggregating its over 850 local iHeartMedia radio stations across the United States as well as hundreds of other stations from various other media Alternative stations Edit iHeartMedia Alternative Stations usually are branded as Radio such as Radio 94 5 KMYT in Temecula CA or ALT Alt 98 7 KYSR in Los Angeles Others include The Edge The Buzz The Project Star or X The Woody Show which originates from KYSR serves as the anchor morning show for the iHeartMedia Alternative outlets Hip hop Rap R amp B and rhythmic stations Edit Stations that carry programming catering to black Americans are a big part of many iHeartMedia clusters particularly Philadelphia Chicago and Detroit 173 In many clusters iHeartMedia has two or more such stations About half of these stations focus on Rap and Hip Hop along with younger rhythm and blues sounds The other half blend some younger rhythm and blues along with some Soul from the 1970s 1980s and 1990s along with some current product In a cluster with multiple hip hop rap R amp B and rhythmic stations owned by iHeartMedia one is focused on Rap while the other is focused on Soul Examples include Philadelphia with WUSL s focus on hip hop while WDAS FM focuses on Soul in addition the company also owns WGCI FM in Chicago which focuses on rap while WVAZ is focused on Soul iHeartMedia hip hop rap R amp B and rhythmic stations are branded as Real KRRL Los Angeles Beat KQBT Houston WBTP Tampa or Power WWPR FM New York City WUSL Philadelphia and WHEN Syracuse In San Francisco iHeartMedia owned more hip hop rap R amp B and rhythmic stations such as Rhythmic Top 40 KYLD rhythmic oldies KISQ and rhythmic contemporary KMEL in that area KYLD shifted to Top 40 CHR in 2015 KISQ flipped to AC in 2016 and the same happened in Detroit where the company also owns rhythmic AC WMXD rhythmic contemporary WJLB and former Rhythmic AC WDTW FM now WLLZ iHeart also have hip hop rap R amp B and rhythmic outlets with heritage and familiarity based on the markets they serve like WHRK and WDIA in Memphis and WKKV FM in Milwaukee Another growing format Classic Hip Hop Throwback Old School consisting of R amp B Hip Hop Rap and Rhythmic songs from the 1980s 1990s and 2000s can be heard full time on iHeartRadio as well as KATZ FM St Louis and KUBT HD2 in Honolulu Previously this format was originated as Rhythmic Oldies which was launched at KCMG Los Angeles and later spread to more markets before the former Clear Channel flipped several stations out of the format by the mid 2000s For the Rhythmic Top 40 format similar brandings include The Beat KUBT Honolulu and WBTT Ft Myers Power 102 El Paso 104 5 Kiss FM Beaumont Texas Jam n KXJM Portland Oregon KSSX San Diego and WJMN Boston a similar Jammin is used at WSTV Roanoke amp WJJX Lynchburg A B has been used at KBOS FM Fresno since the 1980s Other Rhythmics such as KUBE Seattle KDON FM Salinas Monterey and KGGI Riverside San Bernardino simply use the call letters and or frequency Most of these stations target a multicultural audience and play Rhythmic Pop R amp B Hip Hop and Dance tracks For rhythmic AC stations they used to have the Party branding particularly during the time when most used Wake Up with Whoopi out of WKTU as their morning show but the two Party stations in Denver KDHT and Las Vegas KYMT the former KPLV have since exited the Rhythmic AC format KDHT and KYMT moved to top 40 but continue to use the Party branding KYMT is currently mainstream rock The Breakfast Club Morning Show out of WWPR FM in New York and Big Boy s Neighborhood out of KRRL in Los Angeles are iHeartMedia s syndicated urban morning shows In 2017 for IHM s 3rd season they produced rhythmic AC programming Smooth jazz Edit IHeartMedia syndicates the Smooth Jazz Network aka Your Smooth Jazz which is programmed by Broadcast Architecture Unless otherwise noted all Smooth Jazz Network stations will carry the following schedule Kenny G and Sandy Kovach in morning drive time Miranda Wilson in midday Allen Kepler in afternoon drive time and Maria Lopez in evenings with no disc jockeys overnight Weekend programming consists of the Smooth Jazz Top 20 with Allen Kepler as well as the Dave Koz Radio Show Dance and EDM Edit The first radio programs included Electric Sound Stage Club Phusion Trancid Pride Radio PrototypeRadio The Spin Cycle and Classic Dance Although they have no full powered stations programming a Dance or EDM Electronic Dance Music format iHeartMedia has FM translators and HD2 platforms broadcasting the EDM intensive Evolution platform KZZP Phoenix is the flagship station serving as a reporter on Billboard s Dance Mix Show Airplay panel while the LGBT community is served by the more broader based Pride Radio with WFLZ Tampa serving as the flagship station as well as a Dance Mix Show Airplay reporter However iHeartMedia s Top 40 CHR and Rhythmic Top 40 outlets incorporate a majority of Dance songs onto its playlist and set aside airtime blocks for mix shows A weekly countdown program America s Dance 30 airs on Evolution and selected iHeart Top 40 and Rhythmic stations News talk stations Edit News talk stations owned by iHeartMedia usually have a standard slate of hosts The morning show is usually local with other timeslots filled by local and syndicated hosts Programs that appear or have appeared on many iHeartMedia talk stations include the Glenn Beck Radio Program Beck having gotten his talk show start at iHeartMedia owned WFLA in Tampa which serves as its home station The Clay Travis and Buck Sexton Show does not having a home station but is based out of Nashville The Sean Hannity Show out of WOR in New York The Jesse Kelly Show and Coast to Coast AM with George Noory all of which are affiliated with Premiere Networks in some fashion The Mark Levin Show out of WABC in New York and WMAL FM in Washington D C syndicated from Westwood One and The Dave Ramsey Show out of WLAC in Nashville independently syndicated are non Premiere shows who air on many if not most iHeartMedia stations as did The Savage Nation prior to its ending in September 2012 whose home station at the time was KSTE in Sacramento Limbaugh is almost universally carried on iHeartMedia stations in markets where the company has a news talk station including recently New York City WOR was acquired in 2013 by Clear Channel and began carrying Limbaugh s program in 2014 following a long relationship with now Red Apple Media owned WABC In markets where iHeartMedia owned news talk stations have not been profitable such as Boston and Atlanta iHeartMedia has chosen to sell shows such as Limbaugh and Coast to Coast AM to their rivals and change the stations to other formats Syndicated morning news programs like America in The Morning from Westwood One and This Morning America s First News with Gordon Deal from Compass Media Networks are also heard on a few iHeartMedia owned stations While most of iHeartMedia s news talk stations carry some combination of Beck Limbaugh Hannity and Noory of Coast to Coast AM this is not always the case Many stations particularly in the larger markets like KFI KFYI KOA WZZR and WLW broadcast a lineup with significant local programming Weekend syndicated programs featured on many but not all iHeart owned stations include At Home with Gary Sullivan Handel on the Law The Ben Ferguson Show and Sunday Nights with Bill Cunningham all are part of Premiere Networks Liberal talk radio is heard on a few of iHeartMedia s stations primarily secondary to its main news talk stations and usually feature at least one local host with Westwood One programming Air America Radio also aired on these stations iHeartMedia has shown a tendency to drop liberal talk affiliations due to lack of ratings or advertiser support and replace it with sports talk or other formats see for instance WCKY WARF KLSD WXKS and WINZ in one case this had caused a protest when iHeartMedia then Clear Channel wanted to change WXXM in Madison Wisconsin to a sports format WXXM was eventually allowed to keep its liberal format though they eventually retired it in November 2016 due to a general lack of syndicated programming for that format On June 30 2020 iHeartMedia announced a new all news radio brand known as Black Information Network which is catered towards African Americans 174 175 iHeartMedia has been active in the national trend of simulcasting its AM news talk stations on full power FM stations hoping to preserve their long term viability while AM radio declines Examples include San Diego California on KUSS 95 7 which became KOGO FM after simulcasting KOGO AM replacing country music Sacramento California on KGBY 92 5 which became KFBK FM after simulcasting KFBK replacing Hot adult contemporary in Tucson Arizona on KTZR FM which became KNST FM after simulcasting KNST replacing Spanish Top 40 in Schenectady New York WGY FM 103 1 simulcasting WGY 810 replacing rock WHRL and Syracuse New York WSYR FM 106 9 simulcasting WSYR 570 displacing urban AC Power to WHEN 620 After failing to see any significant ratings gains from these moves Clear Channel showed signs of abandoning this strategy when it changed KNST FM to country music in February 2013 as KYWD Sports talk stations Edit Most sports talk stations owned by iHeartMedia are affiliated with Fox Sports Radio Other sports talk stations are affiliated with rival ESPN Radio in this case WUCS in Hartford Connecticut which is nearby ESPN s headquarters in Bristol In 2020 iHeartMedia launched the iHeartSports Network 176 Adult standards Edit Most of iHeartMedia s adult standards stations are turnkey operations running a direct feed of a satellite format such as Westwood One s America s Best Music or Music of Your Life Most of these stations have no local jocks or Web sites The network has few remaining stations in that category and has sold off many of them Adult contemporary Edit iHeartMedia s Adult contemporary stations are often branded as Lite FM i e WLIT FM in Chicago or WLTW in New York or Sunny although some stations use Magic B or something else similar as their identifiers As of 2018 The Breeze has bought a new resurgence in Soft AC targeted towards millennial listeners Evenings are usually filled with Delilah unless that show is already aired by another station in which case The John Tesh Radio Show is often substituted Automated programming is the next option for the 7PM 12 AM timeslot Your Weekend with Jim Brickman and the Ellen K Weekend Show are popular weekend syndicated programs on iHeartMedia adult contemporary stations Most AC stations air Christmas music from the last week of November to Christmas Day Some AC iHeartMedia stations are known for playing Christmas music as early as November 1 such as KOSY FM in Salt Lake City before they flipped to mainstream rock or WLKO now adult hits playing its first Christmas song of the season 2 3 weeks before Thanksgiving 2 3 of iHeartMedia stations that play Adult contemporary air Christmas formats Hot adult contemporary stations are usually branded as Mix Star or MYfm i e KBIG in Los Angeles Some Hot AC stations lean modern rock while others lean toward adult rock Other Hot AC stations have other brandings such as Wild 105 7 and 96 7 on WRDA now WBZY a Spanish CHR station in Atlanta Contemporary hit radio Edit iHeartMedia s CHR stations share a number of common brands including KISS FM e g KIIS FM Los Angeles WKSC FM Chicago WAKS Cleveland WFKS Melbourne WXKS FM Boston Z e g WHTZ New York KKRZ Portland Oregon WZFT Baltimore KSLZ St Louis Wild e g WLDI West Palm Beach KYLD San Francisco Power WWPW Atlanta WGEX Albany Georgia Channel e g WKQI Detroit WHQC now called Hits 96 1 in Charlotte KHTS FM San Diego WCHD Dayton Springfield or Hot e g WIHT in Washington D C WWHT in Syracuse NY Other brands less commonly used includes Radio Now previously used at WNRW Louisville now rebranded as 98 9 Kiss FM Q WIOQ Philadelphia 102 1 FM Q102 WQGA Waycross Brunswick Georgia 103 3 FM 103Q B WAEB FM B 104 Allentown Reading PA 104 1 FM FM WLAN FM FM 97 96 9 FM Lancaster Reading V WVRT amp WVRZ V 97 Williamsport Lock Haven Pennsylvania Max WHCY Max 106 3 Sussex K C WKCI FM KC 101 101 3 FM Hamden New Haven Connecticut Long Island New York and X WJMX FM 103X 103 3 FM Cheraw Florence South Carolina The Pee Dee Still other branding can be heard however when a preferred format name is already in use by another station in the market Although a majority of these stations features a broad based mass appeal music presentation several stations like WSNX FM Grand Rapids and WKTU New York City tend to lean towards Rhythmic material due to having a sister station in the same format WKTU s sister is WHTZ or a lack of a Rhythmic or R amp B Hip Hop outlet a void which WSNX also tries to fill Many iHeartMedia s CHR stations utilize syndicated morning shows such as On Air with Ryan Seacrest based out of KIIS FM in Los Angeles middays Other nationally syndicated shows may include weekend broadcasting of American Top 40 with Ryan Seacrest based out of KIIS FM and WHTZ including the aforementioned 1970s and 1980s with Casey Kasem in the above section Country music Edit Country music stations owned by iHeartMedia have begun transitioning to The Bull like KSD FM in St Louis and Big like WEBG in Chicago which flipped to mainstream rock as WCHI FM in 2020 as national brandings as of 2014 They almost universally carry After Midnite the syndicated overnight program currently hosted by Granger Smith and often carry The Bobby Bones Show based out of WSIX FM in Nashville in the morning as well In 2015 iHeartMedia launched the iHeartCountry franchise It also launched an annual country event franchise the iHeartRadio Country Festival 177 Oldies and classic hits Edit iHeartMedia s Oldies stations consists largely of FM stations with some AM stations iHeartMedia uses brands such as Big and Kool on many of its stations Nearly all of the FM stations play oldies spanning from 1964 to 1975 with a 500 song active playlist split nearly half 1960s and half 1970s The playlist also includes approximately a dozen pre 1964 tracks and around 50 songs from the late 1970s and early 1980s These stations generally have a few local live announcers much of the time these stations are voicetracked either locally or from another market Most run syndicated programming on weekends such as Dick Bartley or Mike Harvey on Saturday nights Steve Goddard s programs Goddard s Gold and or The 70s and recently Casey Kasem s American Top 40 The 70s A handful of iHeartMedia s outlets have picked up syndicated weeknight fare such as Mike Harvey Marty Thompson or Tom Kent The AM oldies stations playlists skew somewhat older and span from 1955 to about 1975 About 60 percent of the time they play 1964 to 1969 oldies 20 percent pre 1964 oldies and 20 percent music from the 1970s Some of these also run Dick Bartley or Mike Harvey on Saturday nights Some of the AM stations also run adult standards several hours on the weekend as well as limited specialized programming focusing on the pre 1964 era Most of the AM stations are in smaller markets Rock Edit iHeartMedia stations programming a rock format tend to play a blend of new rock and harder classic rock Some carry Nights with Alice Cooper out of KSLX FM in Phoenix in the evenings while some others aired Sixx Sense with Nikki Sixx until the show ended at the end of 2015 These stations tend to be live during the day and voicetracked at night Some stations run Rockline with Bob Coburn and or Little Steven s Underground Garage as well While iHeartMedia classic rock stations operate under a wide variety of monikers many are branded as The Fox or The Brew Often these stations will carry Bob and Tom out of WFBQ in Indianapolis in morning drive In the Southern United States John Boy and Billy out of WRFX in Charlotte is carried instead in most cases Both of the aforementioned shows are syndicated by Premiere Other shows include Rover s Morning Glory out of WMMS in Cleveland Starting with WQBW Milwaukee now the sports formatted WRNW and WBWR Columbus now WXZX several iHeartMedia stations have adopted a 1980s centered classic rock approach called The Brew The company s alternative rock stations use a standardized branding under the brand Alt Spanish Edit In a few markets iHeartMedia has an FM station carrying Hispanic programming full time In some markets the format is a Contemporary Tropical format while in others the format carried is more of a Mexican format In a few markets an iHeartMedia FM station carries a rap based Spanish format known as Hurban which blends Spanish dance music with rhythm and blues hits as well as some Hip Hop The division was run by Spanish radio executive Alfredo Alonso who joined the company in September 2004 as senior vice president of Hispanic Radio 178 In September 2016 iHeartMedia brought hired Enrique Santos as chairman and chief creative officer of the newly formed iHeartLatino division 179 iHeartMedia launched an annual event franchise called iHeartRadio Fiesta Latina 180 Religious Edit In a few markets iHeartMedia has a religious station on the AM band Some of these sell blocks of time to outside organizations and have no local shows at all except where local churches buy time These are formatted similarly to Salem Media stations The other type of religious format iHeartMedia uses in a few markets is a Gospel music based format On these stations Gospel Music appealing to black Americans airs most of the time along with some block programming sold to religious groups These stations are often programmed as urban stations that happen to be religious Specialties Edit IHeartMedia has one station in Hawaii KDNN Honolulu programming a Contemporary Hawaiian Hits Reggae format along with an accompanying HD2 sub channel that features traditional Hawaiian music Multicultural programming can also be heard on AM stations that iHeartMedia owns or has LMAs with In March 2019 its Allentown Pennsylvania outlet WSAN launched an all podcast format In November 2019 K256AS KUCD HD2 in Honolulu launched a variant Top 40 format with a focus on K pop and other international pop hits Criticism EditMarket share Edit In the late 1990s and early 2000s the company became an object of persistent criticism 181 182 FCC regulations were relaxed following the Telecommunications Act of 1996 allowing companies to own far more radio stations than before After spending about 30 billion Clear Channel owned over 1 200 stations nationwide including as many as eight stations in certain markets Although media reform social movement organizations like Future of Music Coalition mobilized against Clear Channel so far the company has been able to hold on to all of its stations after divesting a few following the acquisition of AMFM although over 500 stations have since been sold or are in the process of being sold since the company announced plans to become privately held September 11 2001 Edit Main article Clear Channel memorandum Following the September 11 attacks on New York and The Pentagon radio stations circulated a list of songs that were deemed inappropriate for broadcast during the time of national mourning following the attacks A small list was initially generated by the Clear Channel office on Thursday September 13 2001 183 though individual program directors added many of their own songs A list containing about 150 songs was soon published on the Internet Some critics suggested that Clear Channel s political preferences played a part in the list 184 A number of songs were apparently placed on the list because they had specific words such as plane fly burn and falling in their titles Clear Channel denies that this was a list of banned songs claiming it was a list of titles that should be played only after great thought Also WOFX Cincinnati owned by Clear Channel at the time continued to play songs that were on the alleged list even though radio headquarters was in Cincinnati at the time 185 Songs on the list included Tom Petty s Free Fallin Louis Armstrong s What a Wonderful World and the entire Rage Against the Machine discography Live music recordings Edit In 2004 Clear Channel acquired a key patent in the process of producing Instant Live recordings in which a live performance is recorded directly from the sound engineer s console during the show and then rapidly burned on CD so that audience members can buy copies of the show as they are leaving the venue This had been intended to provide additional revenue to the artist venue and promoter as well as stifle the demand for unauthorized bootleg concert recordings made by audience members However some media critics as well as smaller business rivals believed that Clear Channel was using the patent on the process of adding cues to the beginning and ending of tracks during recording so that the concert is not burned as a single enormous track to drive competitors out of business or force them to pay licensing fees even if they do not use precisely the same process The patent was transferred to Live Nation when Clear Channel Entertainment was spun off but the patent was revoked on March 13 2007 186 after it was found that this patent infringed on a prior patent granted for Telex Indecency zero tolerance Edit During the nationwide crackdown on indecent material following the Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show in 2004 Clear Channel launched a self policing effort and declared that there would be no indecent material allowed on the air 182 This led to the company s dismissal of several of their own employees including popular and high profile hosts in a number of cities There were protests from free speech advocates During the same period Howard Stern was dropped from six Clear Channel owned stations in Florida California Pennsylvania New York and Kentucky By mid year rival Viacom through radio division Infinity Broadcasting and the original Viacom not the current one brought Stern s show back to those six markets In June 2004 Viacom Infinity Broadcasting Inc One Twelve Inc filed a 10 million lawsuit against Clear Channel for breaking of contracts and non payment of licensing fees due to the dropping of Stern s show Viacom was Howard Stern s employer at the time though he has since moved to Sirius XM Satellite Radio The following July Clear Channel filed a countersuit of 3 million 187 Concerts Edit In the early 2000s Clear Channel settled a lawsuit with a Denver Colorado concert promoter Nobody In Particular Presents NIPP 182 In the lawsuit NIPP alleged that Clear Channel halted airplay on its local stations for NIPP clients and that Clear Channel would not allow NIPP to publicize its concerts on the air The lawsuit was settled in 2004 when Clear Channel agreed to pay NIPP a confidential sum However a systematic analysis of concert ticket prices found no evidence that Clear Channel was cross leveraging its radio interests with its now divested concert promotion interests 188 Production of local programming Edit iHeartMedia uses the RCS Nex Gen automation system throughout their properties Like most contemporary automation systems Nex Gen allows a DJ from anywhere in the country to sound as if he or she is broadcasting from anywhere else in the country on any other station 189 A technological outgrowth of earlier tape based automation systems dating back to the 1960s this method known as voice tracking allows for smaller market stations to be partially or completely staffed by cyber jocks who may never have visited the town from which they are broadcasting This practice may also result in local on air positions being reduced or eliminated It has been stated that iHeartMedia maintains a majority of its staff in hourly paid part time positions Lack of local staff during emergency Edit Main article Minot train derailment Clear Channel was criticized for a situation that occurred in Minot North Dakota on the morning of January 18 2002 At around 2 30 a m a Canadian Pacific Railway train derailed and leaked 240 000 US gallons 910 000 L of toxic anhydrous ammonia releasing a cloud of caustic poisonous gas over the city 190 At the time Clear Channel owned six commercial radio stations out of nine in the Minot area City officials attempted to contact the local Clear Channel office by telephone to spread warnings of the danger using its radio stations but it was several critical hours before the station manager was finally reached at his home In the meantime 9 1 1 operators were advising panicked callers to tune to KCJB for emergency instructions but the station was not broadcasting any such information 191 The ammonia spill was the largest of its kind in the United States with one person killed and over 1 000 seeking medical attention Clear Channel claimed no responsibility for its failure to warn residents maintaining that the city should have used the Emergency Alert System to trigger automatic equipment in place at all U S radio stations The EAS equipment was later found to be functional at the time but had not been activated by city state or regional authorities 192 Other critical systems throughout Minot were either inoperable or had failed including the public siren system electricity in parts of the town and the 9 1 1 telephone system which became overloaded 193 Rejection of advertising images Edit Clear Channel Outdoor rejected the two images on the left In June 2010 Clear Channel Outdoor rejected without comment two digital billboard images submitted by St Pete Pride 194 an LGBT organization that sponsors gay pride events in the St Petersburg Florida area leading the group to cancel its contract with Clear Channel St Pete Pride has stated that throughout its eight year history Clear Channel has edited the organization s advertising material and questioned whether the rejection of these images were because they displayed same sex couples in affectionate poses A Clear Channel spokesperson declined to comment on the specific reasons why the images were rejected but denied that the affection being shown was an issue saying that such images had been included in previous St Pete Pride campaigns 195 196 197 198 Censorship Edit iHeartMedia and its subsidiaries have been associated with censorship of state and federal candidates for public office elected officials and various political viewpoints iHeartMedia has been criticized in the past for censoring opinions critical of the Republican Party Magic the 2007 release from Bruce Springsteen which contained songs that were subtly critical of then president George W Bush a Republican and his administration was censored from air play on Clear Channel After Natalie Maines the singer of the country band Dixie Chicks told a London audience that they were ashamed of the fact that the president of the United States is from Texas the band s radio airplay dropped precipitously Afterwards some iHeartMedia then Clear Channel stations removed The Dixie Chicks from their playlists without any noted repercussions from the company Gail Austin Clear Channel s director of programming said Out of respect for our troops our city and our listeners we have taken the Dixie Chicks off our playlists 199 Clear Channel was accused of orchestrating the radio blacklist by such critics as Paul Krugman however others claim some Clear Channel stations continued to play the band longer than some other companies 200 In 2005 Clear Channel owned KTVX was the only local television station in Salt Lake City that refused to air a paid political message of Cindy Sheehan against the war in Iraq during a visit by President Bush 201 On May 8 2014 the FCC was asked to respond to a political programming complaint made against an iHeartMedia owned broadcast licensee Capstar TX LLC by supporters of Tom Barrett the Democratic candidate for Governor of Wisconsin Capstar would not give them any free airtime on its radio stations WISN AM and WTMJ AM in order to respond to statements supporting Scott Walker the Republican candidate for office in the 2012 election Walker s supporters had received free air time from WISN and WTMJ for political campaigning purposes Barrett supporters based their complaint on WISN s violation of the Zapple doctrine The FCC responded by rescinding the Zapple doctrine as a no longer enforceable component of the fairness doctrine Use of paid actors posing as callers Edit iHeartMedia through its subsidiary Premiere Radio Networks auditions and hires actors to call in to talk radio shows and pose as listeners in order to provide shows carried by iHeartMedia and other broadcasters with planned content in the form of stories and opinions The custom caller service provided by Premiere Radio assures its clients they won t hear the same actor s voice for at least two months in order to appear authentic to listeners who might otherwise catch on 202 iHeartMedia and rock radio Edit iHeartMedia has caused controversy with rock music fans in major cities for changing the programming on several longtime rock stations to other formats These have included KSJO San Jose formerly an iHeart station flipped to Spanish language oldies on October 28 2004 after 35 years as a rock station 203 KLOL Houston flipped to Spanish language pop on November 12 2004 after 34 years as a rock station 204 the station was sold to CBS Radio a few years later WFNX Boston flipped to adult hits on July 24 2012 after 29 years as an alternative rock station 205 WKLS Atlanta flipped to mainstream top 40 on August 29 2012 after 38 years as a rock station 206 KZEP FM San Antonio flipped to rhythmic hot AC on August 8 2014 after 25 years as a classic rock station and 45 years of some form of rock music on the frequency the classic rock format was moved to low powered translator K227BH 207 KDGE Dallas Fort Worth flipped to Christmas music on November 16 2016 then Mainstream AC on December 26 after 27 years 11 years on 94 5 before moving to 102 1 in 2000 and 16 years on 102 1 as an alternative rock station 208 Similarly on September 28 2012 640 WGST conservative news talk changed formats to Spanish sports sparking outrage from Atlanta listeners and petitions to return 640 to its original news format On April 23 2013 less than eight months after switching formats it was announced that WGST would return to a news talk format beginning June 3 2013 with all syndicated programming See also Edit Texas portal Companies portaliHeartMedia radio stations Clear Channel UK List of radio stations owned by iHeartMedia List of songs deemed inappropriate by Clear Channel following the September 11 2001 attacks TuneInReferences Edit Clear Channel s John Hogan Retires Bob Pittman s Contract Extended Billboard com January 13 2014 Archived from the original on August 19 2014 Retrieved July 29 2014 Bob Pittman chairman and CEO of CC Media Holdings iHeartMedia Announces New Operational Structure radioworld com February 26 2021 Retrieved July 23 2021 iHeart Podcast Chief Conal Byrne Takes Bigger Digital Role Under New Company Structure insideradio com February 26 2021 a b c d e iHeart Media 10K 2019 PDF iHeartMedia Retrieved January 16 2021 a b iHeartMedia Fortune Archived from the original on December 31 2018 Retrieved July 26 2021 CLEAR CHANNEL COMMUNICATIONS INC Form Type 8 K Filing Date 07 22 2008 secdatabase com Archived from the original on July 14 2014 Retrieved January 12 2016 Peker Emre February 7 2011 Clear Channel Seeks Amendment to Refinance LBO Debt Bloomberg Archived from the original on July 12 2012 Sisario Ben September 16 2014 Clear Channel Renames Itself iHeartMedia in an Embrace of the Digital The New York Times Archived from the original on September 17 2014 Retrieved September 16 2014 CC Media Holdings for example the overall corporation will be renamed iHeartMedia Inc and Clear Channel Communications its major subsidiary will become iHeartCommunications Clear Channel Becomes iHeartMedia ClearChannel com Press release iHeartMedia September 16 2014 Archived from the original on September 18 2014 Retrieved September 16 2014 Effective today CC Media Holdings Inc OTCCB CCMO will become iHeartMedia Inc In connection with the company s new brand the company s ticker symbol will also change effective September 17 Of the company s major businesses Clear Channel Media and Entertainment will become iHeartMedia other company brands including iHeartRadio Premiere Networks Total Traffic and Weather Network Katz Media Group and RCS will retain their current names The iHeartPodcast Network distributed on all major podcast platforms including iHeartMedia Tries Its Hand at Podcast Translation Again December 1 2020 This week s edition of Nick Quah s Hot Pod an industry newsletter about podcasting explores iHeartMedia s attempt to translate hit podcasts for Clear Channel Gives Details on Spinoff Of Live Nation Unit Wall Street Journal December 15 2005 ISSN 0099 9660 Retrieved October 27 2020 Leeds Jeff April 30 2005 Clear Channel to Spin Off Its Entertainment Division Published 2005 The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved October 27 2020 New Suitors May Come Calling After iHeart and Clear Channel Get Divorced Bloomberg com December 21 2018 Retrieved October 27 2020 Express News David Hendricks San Antonio November 7 2017 Things to know about iHeartMedia San Antonio s troubled media giant mySA Retrieved February 1 2021 Clear Channel Communications Form 8 K Current Report Filing Date Apr 17 1997 secdatabase com Archived from the original on October 17 2015 Retrieved March 26 2013 Clearchanneloutdoor com Archived from the original on April 18 2006 Retrieved January 15 2018 Clear Channel Communications Form 8 K Current Report Filing Date May 7 1999 secdatabase com Archived from the original on October 17 2015 Retrieved March 27 2013 a b Clear Channel Sells SiriusXM Stake Stations To Leave Service RadioInsight August 2 2013 Retrieved January 21 2020 Hicks Muse Tate amp Furst and Capstar Broadcasting Corporation to Acquire SFX Broadcasting in Transaction Valued at Approximately 2 1 Billion Business Wire August 25 1997 Retrieved November 3 2011 Chancellor Media And Capstar Broadcasting To Merge Creating Nation s Largest Radio Broadcasting Company With Enterprise Value Of More Than 17 billion Business Wire August 27 1998 Retrieved November 3 2011 Clear Channel Communications Form 8 K Current Report Filing Date Oct 5 1999 secdatabase com Archived from the original on October 17 2015 Retrieved March 27 2013 Clear Channel gets AMFM CNNMoney October 4 1999 Archived from the original on November 10 2012 Retrieved November 3 2011 Radio Titans to Combine Clear Channel buying AMFM for 16 6 billion San Francisco Chronicle October 5 1999 Archived from the original on July 9 2012 Retrieved November 3 2011 Clear Channel to Buy SFX Entertainment Los Angeles Times March 1 2000 Retrieved January 21 2020 Clear Channel Gives Details on Spinoff Of Live Nation Unit Wall Street Journal December 15 2005 ISSN 0099 9660 Retrieved January 21 2020 a b Ahrens Frank November 17 2006 Clear Channel Sale to End Era The Washington Post p D1 Archived from the original on September 5 2017 Retrieved May 3 2007 Clear Channel Communications Form 8 K Current Report Filing Date Nov 16 2006 secdatabase com Archived from the original on October 17 2015 Retrieved March 27 2013 a b Clear Channel Communications Form 8 K Current Report Filing Date Mar 20 2008 secdatabase com Archived from the original on January 6 2014 Retrieved March 27 2013 a b Clear Channel Communications Form 8 K Current Report Filing Date Apr 26 2007 PDF secdatabase com Archived PDF from the original on October 17 2015 Retrieved March 27 2013 Wall Street Journal newswire April 23 2007 Clear Channel sells TV assets to Providence Equity The Boston Globe Archived from the original on October 10 2012 Retrieved May 3 2007 Clear Channel Communications Form 8 K Current Report Filing Date May 4 2007 PDF secdatabase com Archived PDF from the original on October 17 2015 Retrieved March 27 2013 The Florida Times Union Sale of Clear Channel TV stations uncertain Archived January 8 2008 at the Wayback Machine 2007 11 09 Clear Channel Communications Form 8 K Current Report Filing Date Dec 5 2007 secdatabase com Archived from the original on October 17 2015 Retrieved March 27 2013 CLEAR CHANNEL COMMUNICATIONS INC Form Type 8 K Filing Date 07 24 2008 secdatabase com Archived from the original on March 4 2016 Retrieved January 12 2016 Reuters com Clear Channel shareholders OK 17 9 billion buyout retrieved July 14 2008 Yorke Jeffrey July 30 2008 Clear Channel Privatization Deal Done Radio and Records permanent dead link Clear Channel to cut U S Workforce by 7 WSJ com Archived July 9 2017 at the Wayback Machine All Access 4 28 2009 Clear Channel Radio Completes Staff Reduction Connected To Restructuring Kosman Josh 2010 04 12 Unclear future Clear Channel creditors poised to pick up pieces New York Post Broadcastingworld net Archived from the original on December 8 2010 Clear Channel Communications Form 8 K Current Report Filing Date Jun 24 2010 PDF secdatabase com Archived PDF from the original on December 15 2013 Retrieved March 27 2013 A media veteran joins Clear Channel dealbook nytimes com November 15 2010 Retrieved July 21 2021 Clear Channel Communications Form 8 K Current Report Filing Date Oct 6 2011 secdatabase com Archived from the original on December 15 2013 Retrieved March 27 2013 Smith Ethan October 3 2011 Pittman to Run Clear Channel The Wall Street Journal Archived from the original on July 9 2017 Retrieved March 15 2012 SFX and Clear Channel Partner for Digital Terrestrial Radio Push Billboard biz Archived from the original on January 11 2014 Retrieved January 6 2014 John Sykes Robert Sillerman on New Clear Channel SFX Partnership We Want to Be the Best Billboard biz Archived from the original on January 10 2014 Retrieved January 6 2014 Clear Channel and SFX Strike Electronic Dance Music Marketing Deal Archived July 9 2017 at the Wayback Machine from The Wall Street Journal January 6 2014 Sisario Ben September 16 2014 Clear Channel Renames Itself iHeartMedia in Nod to Digital The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved January 21 2020 Faughnder Ryan September 16 2014 Clear Channel flips its name to iHeartMedia Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on September 20 2014 Retrieved September 20 2014 Chief Executive Bob Pittman said flipping the switch on the name reflects the progress the radio giant has made in its digital business It s a recognition of who we really are today and the transformation this company has made Pittman said in an interview We have a company that s doing progressive stuff and yet we re named after AM radio stations iHeartMedia Loses A Director Gets More Time To Resolve Its Massive Debt Problems Billboard Archived from the original on May 1 2016 Retrieved April 23 2016 Hendricks David March 11 2016 iIHeartMedia buries startling revelation in 1 700 pages of litigation ExpressNews com Archived from the original on March 12 2016 Retrieved March 12 2016 Two Boston private equity firms bought 70 percent of iHeartMedia for 24 billion in 2008 the other 30 percent is publicly traded Lucas Shaw Laura J Keller Private Equity s IHeart Radio Chokes on Debt Load It Can t Repay Bloomberg com Archived from the original on April 6 2017 Retrieved March 27 2016 iHeartMedia hires Moelis to tackle debt burden sources Reuters March 8 2016 Archived from the original on July 29 2017 Retrieved March 27 2016 The iHeart Debt Battle Radio Ink March 8 2016 Archived from the original on March 17 2016 Retrieved March 27 2016 IHeartMedia shares drop amid warning it may not survive another year Archived April 25 2017 at the Wayback Machine San Antonio Express News April 24 2017 Biswas Somas November 30 2017 iHeart Creditors Reject Another Offer From Company as They Push for Chapter 11 Wall Street Journal New York City New York United States Archived from the original on December 4 2017 Retrieved December 5 2017 Hayes Dade March 15 2018 Radio Giant iHeartMedia Files For Chapter 11 Bankruptcy To Restructure Debt Deadline Retrieved January 21 2020 Spangler Todd September 13 2018 iHeartMedia to Buy HowStuffWorks Podcasting Parent for 55 Million Variety Retrieved September 15 2018 iHeartMedia Is Acquiring an Ad Tech Startup to Expand Programmatic Audio Advertising Adweek Retrieved November 19 2018 IHeartMedia wins court approval for a plan to exit bankruptcy adage com January 22 2019 Retrieved January 21 2020 iHeartMedia Sets Plan for Spin Off of Outdoor Advertising Business Billboard Retrieved January 21 2020 a b c iHeartMedia Emerges From Chapter 11 Radio World May 6 2019 Retrieved January 21 2020 NASDAQ Approves iHeartMedia For Direct Listing Billboard Retrieved January 21 2020 iHeartMedia Revamps Markets Group Structure With Tech Enabled Hubs Employee Dislocation All Access Retrieved January 21 2020 Aswad Jem January 14 2020 iHeartMedia Announces New Organizational Structure Layoffs Ensue Variety Retrieved January 21 2020 Sisario Ben Michael J de la Merced April 3 2019 The Radio Giant iHeartMedia Prepares for Possible I P O The New York Times The Top 25 Radio Groups By Revenue Radio World February 19 2021 Goldsmith Jill Johnson Ted June 5 2012 Clear Channel inks deal with Big Machine Variety Retrieved January 21 2020 Clear Channel Will Be The First To Pay Royalties For Music On Its Air The Record Archived April 2 2015 at the Wayback Machine NPR 2012 06 13 Retrieved on 2013 08 16 Clear Channel and Fearless Records Strike Broadcast and Digital Performance Royalty Deal Archived August 13 2013 at the Wayback Machine Billboard 2013 06 03 Retrieved on 2013 08 16 Sisario Ben June 10 2012 Radio Royalty Deal Offers Hope for Industrywide Pact The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved January 21 2020 Clear Channel Communications Form 8 K Current Report Filing Date Jun 14 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Jones Kathryn April 21 1994 THE MEDIA BUSINESS Texas Radio Groups Add 11 Stations The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 9 2017 Retrieved October 25 2015 a b Chancellor broadcasting to buy 12 radio stations The New York Times August 27 1996 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on February 2 2017 Retrieved October 25 2015 Companies All Clear For Radio Buys tribunedigital orlandosentinel Archived from the original on March 4 2016 Retrieved October 25 2015 Mulligan Thomas S August 4 1995 Company Town Entertainment Upheaval Los Angeles Archived from the original on March 6 2016 Retrieved April 22 2014 Times Staff Reports Wire February 2 1995 Company Town Annex Los Angeles Times ISSN 0458 3035 Archived from the original on September 20 2015 Retrieved October 25 2015 Times Staff Reports Wire September 21 1996 Media Los Angeles Times ISSN 0458 3035 Archived from the original on March 7 2016 Retrieved October 25 2015 Evergreen Switching Stations Chicago 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0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 10 2017 Retrieved October 25 2015 Jones Dow July 24 1996 Company news capstar broadcasting buying osborn communications The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on February 2 2017 Retrieved October 25 2015 Honolulu Star Bulletin Business Archived from the original on September 21 2015 Retrieved October 25 2015 Hofmeister Sallie August 26 1997 Dallas Company to Buy SFX in 2 1 Billion Deal Los Angeles Times ISSN 0458 3035 Archived from the original on March 7 2016 Retrieved October 25 2015 News Bloomberg Business November 16 1995 Company news sfx plans to acquire liberty broadcasting The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on February 2 2017 Retrieved October 25 2015 a href Template Cite news html title Template Cite news cite news a last has generic name help News Bloomberg Business February 13 1996 SFX in Deal For 16 Stations The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 9 2017 Retrieved October 25 2015 a href Template Cite news html title Template Cite news cite news a last has generic name help Clear Channel Pays 6 5 Million for Apex Radio Stations in Texas Playbill July 10 2000 Archived from the original on March 4 2016 Retrieved January 22 2017 COMPANY NEWS OUTDOOR ADVERTISER BUYING DAME MEDIA A BROADCASTER The New York Times June 17 1998 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on March 29 2017 Retrieved October 25 2015 Clear Channel Communications Form 10 Q Quarterly Report Filing Date Nov 15 1999 secdatabase com Archived from the original on October 17 2015 Retrieved March 27 2013 Clear Channel Acquires Bangor Maine Radio Stations for 20 Million Playbill July 19 2000 Archived from the original on March 4 2016 Retrieved January 22 2017 Bodipo Memba Alejandro October 9 1998 Clear Channel Wins Bidding Contest Agrees to Buy Jacor Communications Wall Street Journal ISSN 0099 9660 Archived from the original on February 15 2017 Retrieved October 25 2015 Clear Channel Communications Form 8 K Current Report Filing Date Oct 9 1998 secdatabase com Archived from the original on October 17 2015 Retrieved March 27 2013 Albiniak Paige November 25 2001 A Cloud Over Clear Channel Petition says it controls stations through fronts including Ohio FM it seeks to buy Broadcasting amp Cable Retrieved April 20 2013 Landler Mark February 14 1996 THE MEDIA BUSINESS Jacor to Buy Citicasters in 770 Million Radio Station Deal The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 9 2017 Retrieved October 25 2015 Business The Enquirer October 28 1997 Jacor communications to buy regent communications The New York Times October 10 1996 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on February 2 2017 Retrieved October 25 2015 Company news jacor communications to buy noble broadcast group The New York Times Reuters February 6 1996 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on February 2 2017 Retrieved October 25 2015 Westwood One spins its Metro Traffic business to Clear Channel for 119 25M Radio Info com April 29 2011 Archived from the original on May 1 2011 Competition rises in radio industry The Bakersfield Californian Archived from the original on February 6 2016 Parent Of Y 100 To Merge Metroplex Oks Pact With Texas Company tribunedigital sunsentinel Archived from the original on October 9 2015 Retrieved October 25 2015 Dow Jones News Service August 27 1997 Clear Channel to buy Paxson assets Variety Archived from the original on June 24 2017 Retrieved January 22 2017 News Bloomberg Business May 10 1996 Clear Channel to Acquire 19 More Stations The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 9 2017 Retrieved October 25 2015 a href Template Cite news html title Template Cite news cite news a last has generic name help Clear Channel Communications Inc June 12 2000 Clear Channel Acquires Radio Stations From Roberts Radio L L C Archived from the original on February 6 2016 Retrieved October 25 2015 COMBOS 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Retrieved November 3 2021 Changing Hands PDF Broadcasting February 3 1992 Retrieved November 3 2021 Renaissance to buy four Fox affiliates form Chase PDF Broadcasting June 29 1992 Retrieved November 3 2021 Busy weeks from buyers and sellers PDF Broadcasting July 19 1993 Retrieved November 3 2021 Clear Channel buys Albany station PDF Broadcasting September 19 1994 Retrieved November 3 2021 A TV station consolidation chronology PDF Broadcasting amp Cable March 1 1993 Retrieved November 3 2021 Clear Channel Plays Duopoly Free Online Library www thefreelibrary com Retrieved November 3 2021 Rita Sherrow November 5 1993 KTFO Switches Management Programming Tulsa World Retrieved December 6 2017 Court rules former TV 47 owner must pay judgments www bizjournals com Retrieved November 3 2021 Foisie Geoffrey A Zier Julie August 22 1994 Fox et al to buy three stations PDF Broadcasting amp Cable Retrieved November 3 2021 A Zier Julie August 29 1994 Still more for Fox PDF Broadcasting Retrieved November 3 2021 Closed Circuit PDF Broadcasting October 10 1994 Retrieved November 3 2021 In Brief PDF Broadcasting July 3 1995 Retrieved November 3 2021 New operator pulls plug on WLYH news team The Daily News November 2 1995 Rathburn Elizabeth October 2 1995 Sullivan to head Sullivan PDF Broadcasting amp Cable Retrieved November 3 2021 FORM 10 K FOR YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31 1997 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint url status link Changing Hands PDF Broadcasting May 6 1996 Retrieved November 3 2021 McClellan Steve June 17 1996 Argyle Clear Channel make LMA in Providence PDF Broadcasting Retrieved November 3 2021 Morgan Richard October 9 1998 Clear Channel buys Jacor Variety Retrieved November 3 2021 Who s doing duopolies PDF Broadcasting November 22 1999 Retrieved November 3 2021 Changing Hands PDF Broadcasting December 11 2000 Retrieved November 3 2021 Moll is New Clear Channel Chief Broadcasting Cable January 8 2001 Retrieved November 3 2021 Clear Channel to land KMOL TV in a trade www bizjournals com Retrieved November 3 2021 Clear Channel cleared to solicit for Ackerley Group debt www bizjournals com Retrieved November 3 2021 Belo buys Clear Channel station for 18M www bizjournals com Retrieved November 3 2021 Utica s WUTR to Revive Local News Operation CNYRadio com CNYTVNews com Retrieved November 3 2021 NorthEast Radio Watch by Scott Fybush www fybush com Retrieved November 3 2021 Clear Channel to buy KUWB for 18 5 million The Salt Lake Tribune Retrieved November 3 2021 permanent dead link Eggerton John January 17 2006 Perry Named CEO of Clear Channel TV Broadcasting Cable Retrieved November 3 2021 KMOL TV changing call letters to WOAI www bizjournals com Retrieved November 5 2021 Dickinson Mike November 19 2004 WOKR to change call letters to WHAM Rochester Business Journal Retrieved November 5 2021 News Channel 9 WSYR Channel 9 Television www stationindex com Retrieved November 5 2021 Clear Channel TV head Perry steps down UPI Retrieved November 3 2021 Suspension of Operations and Silent Authority of a DTV Station Application Licensing and Management System Federal Communications Commission Retrieved 23 September 2018 Station Search Details KJRW CDBS Public Access Federal Communications Commission Retrieved 16 September 2018 Kreisman Barbara A Re Request for Reinstatement and Extension of License Under Section 312 g PDF Licensing and Management System Federal Communications Commission Retrieved July 28 2020 Redwood Television Closes On KIEM Buy TVNewsCheck com 4 December 2017 Retrieved 16 September 2018 McLaughlin Molly November 8 2007 Avoid Traffic Jams With GPS PC Magazine Archived from the original on June 25 2008 Retrieved August 31 2017 The Smooth Jazz Network Archived from the original on February 8 2011 Retrieved August 26 2009 Clear Channel Communications Inc December 6 2012 Archived from the original on December 6 2012 Velodi April 12 2008 Archived from the original on April 12 2008 bip perpignan fr in French Clear Channel Velo a la carte veloalacarte free fr Index of www adshel no www bicing com Archived from the original on December 6 2012 Retrieved April 17 2008 City Bikes www citybikes se Malmo by bike www malmobybike se BikeMi Homepage www bikemi com Hissong Samantha July 2 2020 Radio Is Quietly Scrubbing the Word Urban Sources Say Rolling Stone Retrieved October 26 2021 Spangler Todd June 30 2020 iHeartMedia to Launch BIN Black Information Network on Radio Digital Channels Variety Retrieved June 30 2020 iHeartMedia Launches Black Information Network RadioInsight June 30 2020 Retrieved June 30 2020 McLane Paul September 28 2020 iHeart Launches Sports Network Radio World Retrieved October 26 2021 Mamo Heran July 20 2021 Blake Shelton Carly Pearce Little Big Town amp More to Perform at iHeartCountry Festival 2021 Billboard Retrieved October 26 2021 Clear Channel Radio joins pursuit of Hispanic listeners Puget Sound Business Journal Archived from the original on June 4 2011 Retrieved January 22 2017 iHeartMedia Announces iHeartLatino Division Appoints Enrique Santos Chairman and CCO Magnus Media September 9 2016 Retrieved October 26 2021 Aguila Justino October 16 2014 iHeartRadio Fiesta Latina Lineup Pitbull Becky G Join Ricky Martin Roberto Tapia Billboard Retrieved October 26 2021 Klinenberg Eric Fighting For Air The Battle to Control America s Media Metropolitan Books 2007 a b c Foege Alec Right of the Dial The Rise of Clear Channel and the Fall of Commercial Radio Faber and Faber 2008 In 2001 Jack Evans regional senior VP of programming at Clear Channel attributed the creation of the list to individual program directors rather than management however the completed list was distributed to the program directors by management at Clear Channel See also Truitt Eliza September 17 2001 It s the End of the World as Clear Channel Knows It Chatterbox Slate com Archived from the original on June 17 2008 Retrieved September 14 2007 lipmagazine org Archived from the original on April 5 2002 Clear Channel Says National Banned Playlist Does Not Exist PDF Press release Clear Channel Communications Inc September 18 2001 Archived from the original PDF on September 23 2002 Retrieved August 3 2008 EFF Kills Bogus Clear Channel Patent Press release Electronic Frontier Foundation March 13 2007 Archived from the original on September 9 2016 Retrieved August 26 2016 Clear Channel adopts zero tolerance indecency policy USA Today February 25 2004 Archived from the original on October 16 2011 Retrieved August 31 2017 Alan B Krueger The Economics of Real Superstars The Market for Rock Concerts in the Material World Journal of Labor Economics 23 2005 1 30 Washburn Mark May 26 2002 The voice of Charlotte and Huntsville and Jackson The Charlotte Observer p 1H Archived from the original on January 11 2009 Retrieved November 25 2008 Minot train derailment kills one injures dozens CBC January 18 2002 Archived from the original on August 17 2007 Exclusive 911 Calls in North Dakota Town Reveal Dangers of Media Consolidation Democracy Now January 25 2007 Archived from the original on December 6 2010 Retrieved November 29 2010 Reconsidering Minot and EAS Archived from the original on February 1 2013 Retrieved October 12 2010 Shafer Jack January 10 2007 The whole story about that toxic spill and the Clear Channel monopoly Slate Magazine Archived from the original on November 25 2009 Retrieved September 8 2009 Tampa Bay s LGBTQ Pride Celebration St Pete Pride Pransky Noah June 11 2010 St Pete Pride gay themed digital billboards rejected by Clear Channel Outdoor St Petersburg Florida WTSP Retrieved June 25 2010 Call on Clear Channel Outdoor to Explain Rejection of Pride Billboards September 9 2011 Gay Marriage Billboards Banned Across United States Clear Channel Won t Allow Gay Pride Images on Billboards Fitzgerald Michael March 18 2003 Dixie Chicks axed by Clear Channel Archived from the original on October 10 2011 Retrieved October 21 2011 Gabriel Rossman Elites Masses and Media Blacklists The Dixie Chicks Controversy Social Forces 83 2004 61 78 TV station refuses to air anti war ad days before Bush visit USA Today Associated Press August 20 2005 Archived from the original on July 16 2012 Retrieved January 13 2007 Radio Daze Tablet Magazine Archived from the original on February 16 2011 Retrieved February 14 2011 DeFao Janine November 7 2004 KSJO s switch to Latin oldies rocks headbangers world The San Francisco Chronicle Archived from the original on November 1 2014 Retrieved September 18 2014 KLOL suddenly switches to Spanish format Archived from the original on October 17 2015 Retrieved September 18 2014 WFNX replaced by WHBA FM the Harbor Archived from the original on June 14 2017 Retrieved June 21 2017 Rock fans upset over loss of Project 9 6 1 radio station Archived from the original on September 2 2012 John Lisle gone KZEP moved Hot 104 5 launched Archived from the original on August 12 2014 Retrieved September 18 2014 102 1 The Edge is no more radio station sends listeners to The Eagle GuideLive GuideLive November 16 2016 Archived from the original on March 12 2017 Retrieved March 11 2017 Further reading EditEric Boehlert Radio s big bully salon com April 30 2001 Eric Boehlert Tough company salon com May 30 2001 Group sues over anti war billboard CNN July 12 2004 Salon com article on Clear ChannelExternal links EditOfficial website Business data for iHeartMedia Class A Common Stock BloombergGoogleReutersSEC filingsYahoo Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title IHeartMedia amp oldid 1120940273, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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