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Providence, Rhode Island

January 21, 2023

Providence is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Rhode Island. One of the oldest cities in New England,[6] it was founded in 1636 by Roger Williams, a Reformed Baptist theologian and religious exile from the Massachusetts Bay Colony. He named the area in honor of "God's merciful Providence" which he believed was responsible for revealing such a haven for him and his followers. The city developed as a busy port as it is situated at the mouth of the Providence River in Providence County, at the head of Narragansett Bay.

Providence, Rhode Island
State capital city
City of Providence
From top, left to right: Downtown Providence skyline, Weybosset Street and the Providence Performing Arts Center, University Hall (Brown University), Crawford Street Bridge and Financial District, Federal Hill, Rhode Island State House
Flag
Seal
Nickname(s): 
The Creative Capital, the Renaissance City, the Divine City, PVD, Prov
Motto: 
"What Cheer?"[a]
Interactive map of Providence
Coordinates: 41°49′25″N 71°25′20″W / 41.82361°N 71.42222°W / 41.82361; -71.42222Coordinates: 41°49′25″N 71°25′20″W / 41.82361°N 71.42222°W / 41.82361; -71.42222
Country United States
State Rhode Island
CountyProvidence
RegionNew England
Settled1636
Incorporated (city)November 5, 1832
Founded byRoger Williams
Named forDivine providence
Government
 • TypeMayor-Council
 • MayorBrett Smiley (D)
 • BodyProvidence City Council
Area
[3]
 • State capital city20.58 sq mi (53.31 km2)
 • Land18.41 sq mi (47.67 km2)
 • Water2.18 sq mi (5.64 km2)
Elevation
[4]
10 ft (3 m)
Population
 (2020)[5]
 • State capital city190,934
 • RankUS: 134th
 • Density10,373.47/sq mi (4,005.25/km2)
 • Urban
1,285,806 (US: 39th)
 • Urban density2,362.5/sq mi (912.2/km2)
 • Metro
1,604,291 (US: 38th)
Time zoneUTC−5 (Eastern Time Zone)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
ZIP Codes
02901–02912, 02918-02919, 02940
Area code401
FIPS code44-59000
Websitewww.providenceri.gov

Providence was one of the first cities in the country to industrialize and became noted for its textile manufacturing and subsequent machine tool, jewelry, and silverware industries.[7][8] Today, the city of Providence is home to eight hospitals and eight institutions of higher learning which have shifted the city's economy into service industries, though it still retains some manufacturing activity.

At the 2020 census, Providence had a population of 190,934, making it the third-most-populous city in New England after Boston and Worcester, Massachusetts.[9][10]

History

Main article: History of Providence, Rhode Island
For a chronological guide, see Timeline of Providence, Rhode Island.
 
The First Baptist Church in America is the oldest Baptist congregation in America. Founded by Roger Williams in 1638, its present meetinghouse was first occupied in 1775.

Providence was settled in June 1636 by Puritan theologian Roger Williams and grew into one of the original Thirteen Colonies. As a minister in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, Williams had advocated for the separation of church and state and condemned colonists' confiscation of land from Native Americans. For these "diverse, new, and dangerous opinions," he was convicted of sedition and heresy and banished from the colony. Williams and others established a settlement in Rumford, Rhode Island.[11][12] The group later moved down the Seekonk River, around the point now known as Fox Point and up the Providence River to the confluence of the Moshassuck and Woonasquatucket Rivers.[citation needed] The settlement was named after "God's merciful Providence."[13]

Unlike Salem and Boston, Providence lacked a royal charter. The settlers thus organized themselves, allotting tracts on the eastern side of the Providence River in 1638. Roughly six acres each, these home lots extended from Towne Street (now South Main Street) to Hope Street.[14] Over the following two decades, Providence Plantations grew into a self sufficient agricultural and fishing settlement, though its lands were difficult to farm and its borders were disputed with Connecticut and Massachusetts.[11] In 1652, Providence prohibited African and African American slavery for periods of longer than 10 years. This statute constituted the first anti-slavery law in the United States, though there is no evidence the prohibition was ever enforced.[15]

In March 1676, Providence Plantations was burned to the ground by the Narragansetts as part of King Philip's War. Later in the year, the Rhode Island legislature formally rebuked the other colonies for provoking the war.[16] In 1770, Brown University moved to Providence from nearby Warren. At the time, the college was known as Rhode Island College and occupied a single building on College Hill. The college's choice to relocate to Providence as opposed to Newport symbolized a larger shift away from the latter city's commercial and political dominance over the state.[17][18]

In 1772 a group from Providence burned a British customs schooner south of Providence, in an event known as the Gaspee Affair.[11] Rhode Island was the first of the Thirteen Colonies to renounce its allegiance to the British Crown on May 4, 1776.[19] It was also the last of the Thirteen States to ratify the United States Constitution on May 29, 1790, once assurances were made that a Bill of Rights would become part of the Constitution.[20]

 
Market Square was the center of civic life in the 19th Century, and Market House was home to the city council before Providence City Hall was built.[21]
 
City Hall was built in 1878

Following the war, Providence was the nation's ninth-largest city[b] with 7,614 people. The economy shifted from maritime endeavors to manufacturing, in particular machinery, tools, silverware, jewelry, and textiles. By the start of the 20th century, Providence hosted some of the largest manufacturing plants in the country, including Brown & Sharpe, Nicholson File, and Gorham Manufacturing Company.[11] The city's industries attracted many immigrants from Ireland, Germany, Sweden, England, Italy, Portugal, Cape Verde, and French Canada. These economic and demographic shifts caused social strife.[11] Hard Scrabble and Snow Town—two African American neighborhoods in the city—were the sites of race riots in 1824 and 1831.[22][23]

Providence residents ratified a city charter in 1831 as the population passed 17,000.[11] The seat of city government was located in the Market House[24] in Market Square from 1832 to 1878, which was the geographic and social center of the city. The city offices soon outgrew this building, and the City Council resolved to create a permanent municipal building in 1845.[24] The city offices moved into Providence City Hall in 1878.[25]

Local politics split over slavery during the American Civil War, as many had ties to Southern cotton and the slave trade. Despite ambivalence concerning the war, the number of military volunteers routinely exceeded quota, and the city's manufacturing proved invaluable to the Union. Providence thrived after the war, and waves of immigrants brought the population from 54,595 in 1865 to 175,597 by 1900.[11]

By the early 1900s, Providence was one of the wealthiest cities in the United States.[26] Immigrant labor powered one of the nation's largest industrial manufacturing centers.[26] Providence was a major manufacturer of industrial products, from steam engines to precision tools to silverware, screws, and textiles. Giant companies were based in or near Providence, such as Brown & Sharpe, the Corliss Steam Engine Company, Babcock & Wilcox, the Grinnell Corporation, the Gorham Manufacturing Company, Nicholson File, and the Fruit of the Loom textile company.[26] The manufacturing of jewelry and costume jewelry emerged as a dominant local industry.[27][28] In the 1960s, jewelry trade magazines referred to Providence as “the jewelry capital of the world.”[28]

The city began to see a decline by the mid-1920s as manufacturing industries began to shut down. The city was deeply affected by the Great Depression, which left more than a third of the city's labor force unemployed.[29] The subsequent Recession of 1937–1938 was immediately followed by the New England Hurricane of 1938, which flooded the city's downtown.[30] The hurricane was particularly destructive to the city's struggling textile industry, with many mills never reopening following the storm.[31] Providence's population declined from a peak of 253,504 in 1940 to only 179,213 in 1970, as the white middle class fled to the suburbs. The remainder of these residents were disproportionately poor and elderly.[32][33] From the 1950s to the 1980s, Providence was a notorious bastion of organized crime.[34][35]

From 1975 until 1982, $606 million of local and national community development funds were invested throughout the city. In the 1990s, the city pushed for revitalization, realigning the north–south railroad tracks, removing the huge rail viaduct that separated Downtown from the capitol building, uncovering and moving the rivers (which had been covered by paved bridges) to create Waterplace Park and river walks along the rivers' banks, and constructing the Fleet Skating Rink (now the Alex and Ani City Center)[36] and the Providence Place Mall.[11] In 1980, Providence's previously declining population began to grow once again.[37]

In the early 2000s, Providence developed an economic development plan that outlined a planned shift to a knowledge economy. These efforts involved the rebranding of the formerly industrial Jewelry District as a new "Knowledge District".[38] Despite new investment, poverty remains an entrenched problem. Approximately 27.9 percent of the city population is living below the poverty line.[39] Recent increases in real estate values further exacerbate problems for those at marginal income levels, as Providence had the highest rise in median housing price of any city in the United States from 2004 to 2005.[40]

Geography

The Providence city limits enclose a small geographical region with a total area of 20.5 square miles (53 km2); 18.5 square miles (48 km2) of it is land and the remaining 2.1 square miles (5.4 km2) is water (roughly 10%). Providence is located at the head of Narragansett Bay, with the Providence River running into the bay through the center of the city,[41] formed by the confluence of the Moshassuck and Woonasquatucket Rivers. The Waterplace Park amphitheater and riverwalks line the river's banks through Downtown.[42] Providence is one of many cities claimed to be founded on seven hills like Rome. [43][44]

As with many cities worldwide, the Northeastern megacity has a large population of feral pigeons (Columba livia).[45] Although expecting Providence's population genetics to be continuous with the larger megacity, Carlen & Munshi-South 2020 find Providence and Boston share one population and the rest of the region shares another.[45] This is likely due to the intervening low urbanization zone in western Connecticut.[45]

Neighborhoods

Main article: Neighborhoods in Providence
 
Map of neighborhoods in Providence

Providence has 25 official neighborhoods, though these neighborhoods are often grouped together and referred to collectively:[46][47]

Cityscape

See also: List of tallest buildings in Providence
 
The Providence skyline as viewed from across the Providence River
 
Downtown Providence and the East Side, 2010. Note the demolition of the previous I-195 as part of the Iway project.

Geographically, Providence is compact—characteristic of eastern seaboard cities that developed prior to use of the automobile. The street layout of the city is irregular; more than one thousand streets run haphazardly, connecting and radiating from traditionally bustling places such as Market Square.[51]

Downtown Providence has numerous 19th-century mercantile buildings in the Federal and Victorian architectural styles, as well as several postmodern and modernist buildings. In particular, a fairly clear spatial separation appears between the areas of pre-1980s development and post-1980s development; West Exchange Street and Exchange Terrace serve as rough boundaries between the two.[52] The newer area, sometimes called "Capitol Center",[52] includes the Providence Place Mall (1999), Omni Providence Hotel (1993) and Residences Providence (2007), GTECH Corporation (2006), Waterplace Towers condominiums (2007), and Waterplace Park (1994). The area tends toward newer development, since much of it is land reclaimed in the 1970s from a mass of railroad tracks referred to colloquially as the "Chinese Wall".[53] This part of Downtown is characterized by open spaces, wide roads, and landscaping.[52]

The streetscape of much of historic downtown has retained a similar appearance since the early 20th century. Many of the state's tallest buildings are found here. At 426 feet (130 m), the city's largest structure is the art deco Industrial National Bank Building.[54] The building contrasts with the city's second tallest structure—One Financial Plaza—which is designed in the modernist style.[55] Other core buildings of the Providence skyline are the postmodern 50 Kennedy Plaza and late modern Textron Tower. Downtown is also the home of the historic Providence Biltmore hotel and Westminster Arcade—the oldest enclosed shopping mall in the U.S.[56]

The city's southern waterfront, away from the downtown core, is the location of oil tanks, ferry and sailing docks, power plants, and nightclubs. The Russian Submarine Museum was located here until 2008, when the submarine sank. The Fox Point Hurricane Barrier is also found here, built to protect Providence from storm surge like those endured by the city during the 1938 New England Hurricane and 1954 Hurricane Carol.[57]

  •  

    The Shepard Company Building in Downtown Providence's compact urban center

  •  

    Burnside Park in Downtown Providence facing the city's primary row of high rises

  •  

    The Providence Riverwalk, at the edge of downtown

Climate

Providence
Climate chart (explanation)
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
 
 
3.9
 
 
37
21
 
 
3.3
 
 
40
24
 
 
5
 
 
48
30
 
 
4.4
 
 
59
41
 
 
3.6
 
 
68
49
 
 
3.6
 
 
78
58
 
 
3.3
 
 
83
64
 
 
3.6
 
 
81
63
 
 
3.9
 
 
74
55
 
 
3.9
 
 
63
44
 
 
4.5
 
 
53
36
 
 
4.2
 
 
42
26
Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
Precipitation totals in inches
Metric conversion
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
 
 
98
 
 
3
−6
 
 
84
 
 
5
−5
 
 
127
 
 
9
−1
 
 
111
 
 
15
5
 
 
90
 
 
20
9
 
 
92
 
 
25
15
 
 
84
 
 
28
18
 
 
91
 
 
27
17
 
 
100
 
 
23
13
 
 
100
 
 
17
7
 
 
115
 
 
12
2
 
 
107
 
 
6
−3
Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
Precipitation totals in mm

Providence has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dfa) bordering a humid subtropical climate with hot summers, cold winters, and high humidity year-round. The USDA places the city in hardiness zone 6b, with the suburbs in zones 6a–7b.[58] The influence of the Atlantic Ocean keeps the state of Rhode Island warmer than many inland locales in New England.[59][60][61]

January is the coldest month with a daily mean of 29.2 °F (−1.6 °C) and low temperatures dropping to 10 °F (−12 °C) or lower an average of 11 days per winter,[62] while July is the warmest month with a daily mean of 73.5 °F (23.1 °C) and highs rising to 90 °F (32 °C) or higher an average of 10 days per summer.[62] Extremes range from −17 °F or −27.2 °C on February 9, 1934[63] to 104 °F or 40 °C on August 2, 1975;[64] the record cold daily maximum is 1 °F (−17.2 °C) on February 5, 1918, while the record warm daily minimum is 80 °F (26.7 °C) on June 6, 1925.[62] Temperature readings of 0 °F or −17.8 °C or lower are uncommon in Providence and generally occur once every several years. The year which had the most days with a temperature reading of zero degrees or lower was 2015 with eight days total—one day in January and seven days in February.[62] Conversely, temperature readings of 100 °F or 37.8 °C or higher are even rarer, and the year with the most days in this category was 1944 with three days, all of which were in August.[62]

Monthly precipitation in Providence ranges from a high of 4.43 inches (112.5 mm) in March to a low of 3.17 inches (80.5 mm) in July.[64] In general, precipitation levels are slightly less in the summer months than the winter months, when nor'easters can cause significant snowfall and blizzard conditions. Hurricanes are not frequent in coastal New England, although Providence's location at the head of Narragansett Bay makes it vulnerable to them.[65]

Climate data for Providence, Rhode Island (T. F. Green Airport), 1991–2020 normals,[c] extremes 1904–present[d]
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 70
(21) 		72
(22) 		90
(32) 		98
(37) 		96
(36) 		98
(37) 		102
(39) 		104
(40) 		100
(38) 		88
(31) 		81
(27) 		77
(25) 		104
(40)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 59
(15) 		58
(14) 		67
(19) 		79
(26) 		87
(31) 		92
(33) 		95
(35) 		93
(34) 		88
(31) 		79
(26) 		70
(21) 		62
(17) 		97
(36)
Average high °F (°C) 38.3
(3.5) 		40.5
(4.7) 		47.7
(8.7) 		58.9
(14.9) 		68.9
(20.5) 		77.7
(25.4) 		83.6
(28.7) 		82.2
(27.9) 		74.8
(23.8) 		63.8
(17.7) 		53.2
(11.8) 		43.4
(6.3) 		61.1
(16.2)
Daily mean °F (°C) 30.2
(−1.0) 		32.0
(0.0) 		38.9
(3.8) 		49.3
(9.6) 		59.1
(15.1) 		68.2
(20.1) 		74.4
(23.6) 		73.0
(22.8) 		65.6
(18.7) 		54.4
(12.4) 		44.5
(6.9) 		35.5
(1.9) 		52.1
(11.2)
Average low °F (°C) 22.1
(−5.5) 		23.5
(−4.7) 		30.2
(−1.0) 		39.6
(4.2) 		49.2
(9.6) 		58.8
(14.9) 		65.2
(18.4) 		63.9
(17.7) 		56.5
(13.6) 		45.1
(7.3) 		35.8
(2.1) 		27.6
(−2.4) 		43.1
(6.2)
Mean minimum °F (°C) 4
(−16) 		7
(−14) 		15
(−9) 		29
(−2) 		38
(3) 		47
(8) 		56
(13) 		54
(12) 		43
(6) 		32
(0) 		22
(−6) 		12
(−11) 		2
(−17)
Record low °F (°C) −13
(−25) 		−17
(−27) 		1
(−17) 		11
(−12) 		29
(−2) 		39
(4) 		48
(9) 		40
(4) 		32
(0) 		20
(−7) 		6
(−14) 		−12
(−24) 		−17
(−27)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 3.96
(101) 		3.44
(87) 		4.90
(124) 		4.29
(109) 		3.37
(86) 		3.81
(97) 		2.91
(74) 		3.59
(91) 		4.17
(106) 		4.18
(106) 		4.27
(108) 		4.65
(118) 		47.54
(1,208)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 10.3
(26) 		10.5
(27) 		6.4
(16) 		0.6
(1.5) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.2
(0.51) 		1.0
(2.5) 		7.6
(19) 		36.6
(93)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 11.2 10.3 11.6 11.7 12.2 10.8 9.3 9.1 9.1 10.2 9.6 11.9 127.0
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 5.7 5.4 3.7 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.6 3.4 19.3
Average relative humidity (%) 63.9 63.0 62.9 61.4 66.6 70.1 71.0 72.5 73.0 70.2 68.9 67.0 67.5
Average dew point °F (°C) 16.3
(−8.7) 		17.4
(−8.1) 		25.0
(−3.9) 		33.1
(0.6) 		45.0
(7.2) 		55.6
(13.1) 		61.5
(16.4) 		61.0
(16.1) 		53.8
(12.1) 		42.6
(5.9) 		33.3
(0.7) 		22.1
(−5.5) 		38.9
(3.8)
Mean monthly sunshine hours 171.7 172.6 215.6 225.1 254.9 274.1 290.6 262.8 233.0 208.7 148.0 148.6 2,605.7
Percent possible sunshine 58 58 58 56 57 60 63 61 62 61 50 52 58
Average ultraviolet index 1 2 4 6 7 8 8 8 6 4 2 1 5
Source 1: NOAA (relative humidity, dew point, and sun 1961–1990)[62][67][68]
Source 2: Weather Atlas [69]
Climate data for Providence
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average sea temperature °F (°C) 41.4
(5.2) 		38.1
(3.4) 		38.7
(3.8) 		44.1
(6.7) 		50.9
(10.5) 		59.6
(15.3) 		67.0
(19.4) 		69.3
(20.7) 		66.7
(19.3) 		61.6
(16.4) 		54.2
(12.3) 		47.7
(8.8) 		53.3
(11.8)
Source: Weather Atlas [69]


Demographics

As of the 2000 United States census,[73] Providence's population consisted of 173,618 people, 162,389 households, and 35,859 families. The population density was 9,401.7 inhabitants per square mile (3,630.0/km2), characteristic of other small cities in New England such as New Haven, Connecticut; Springfield, Massachusetts; and Hartford, Connecticut.[74] The city's population peaked in the 1940s, just prior to the nationwide period of rapid suburbanization.[70] The Providence metropolitan area includes Providence, Fall River, Massachusetts, and Warwick, and is estimated to have a population of 1,622,520. In 2006, this area was officially added to the Boston Combined Statistical Area (CSA), the sixth-largest CSA in the country. In recent years, Providence has experienced a sizable growth in its under-18 population. The median age of the city was 28 years, while the largest age cohort is 20- to 24-year-olds as of 2000.[75]

Demographic profile 2020[74] 2010[76] 1990[77] 1970[77] 1950[77]
White 53.1% 49.8% 69.9% 90.0% 96.5%
 —Non-Hispanic 33.8% 37.6% 64.5% 89.5%[e] N/A
Black or African American 16.1% 16.0% 14.8% 8.9% 3.3%
Hispanic or Latino (of any race) 43.5% 38.1% 15.5% 0.8%[e] N/A
Asian 5.6% 6.4% 5.9% 0.5% 0.1%

Providence has a racially and ethnically diverse population. In 2020, white Americans formed 53.1% of the population, including a sizable white Hispanic community. Non-Hispanic whites were 33.8% of the total population,[74] down from 89.5% in 1970.[77] Providence has had a substantial Italian American population since the start of the 20th century, with 14% of the population claiming Italian ancestry.[78] Italian influence manifests itself in Providence's 'Little Italy' in Federal Hill.[79] Irish immigrants have also had considerable influence on the city's history, with 8% of residents claiming Irish heritage.[80] The percentages of people claiming Irish and Italian ancestry, though high, has gone down considerably from historical highs, and is much lower than the percentages of these groups in Rhode Island as a whole. The city also has a sizable Jewish community, estimated at 10,500 in 2012, or roughly 5% of the city's population.[81]

In 2020, people of Hispanic or Latino origin composed 43.5% of the city's population.[74] They formed a majority of city public school students as of 2007.[82] The majority of Hispanics in Providence are of Dominican descent. Numbering roughly 25,000 and constituting roughly half of the city's Hispanic population, Providence's Dominican community is the fifth largest in the United States.[83] Other Hispanic groups present in sizable numbers include Puerto Ricans, Guatemalans, and Colombians. Hispanics are widespread in significant numbers in most of Providence, but most concentrated in the neighborhoods of Elmwood, the West End, and Upper and Lower South Providence.[84]

African Americans constitute 16.1%[74] of the city's population, with their greatest concentrations found in Mount Hope and the Upper and Lower South Providence neighborhoods.[85][86] Providence has small Liberian and Haitian communities in the city. Liberians compose 0.4% of the population;[78] the city is home to one of the largest Liberian immigrant populations in the country.[87] Asian-Americans constitute 5.6% of Providence's population. The largest Asian groups are Cambodians (1.7%), Chinese (1.1%), Indian Americans (0.7%), Laotians (0.6%), and Koreans (0.6%). Another 6% of the city has multiracial ancestry. American Indians and Pacific Islanders make up the remaining 0.9%.[86]

Providence has a considerable community of immigrants from various Portuguese-speaking countries, especially Portugal, Brazil, and Cape Verde. These residents are concentrated in the Washington Park and Fox Point neighborhoods.[88][89][90] Portuguese is the city's third-largest European ethnicity, after Italian and Irish. Cape Verdeans compose 2% of the city's population.[78]

The per capita income as of the 2000 census was $15,525, which is well below both the state average of $29,113 and the national average of $21,587.[91][92] The median income for a household was $26,867, and the median income for a family in Providence was $32,058,. The city has one of the highest rates of poverty in the nation with 29.1% of the population and 23.9% of families living below the poverty line. Of residents in poverty, the largest concentrations are found in the city's Olneyville, and Upper and Lower South Providence areas.[39][93] Poverty has affected children at a disproportionately higher rate, with 40.1% of those under the age of 18 living below the poverty line. These residents are concentrated west of Downtown in the neighborhoods of Hartford, Federal Hill, and Olneyville.[93]

Economy

 
Distribution of Providence's economic activity

Over one third of Providence's economy is based in trade, transportation, utilities, and educational and health services.[94] As the capital of Rhode Island, the city's economy additionally consists of government services, with approximately 70,000 jobs.[94] The unemployment rate in the city is 5.0% as of August 2022, compared to a national rate of 3.8%.[94]

Prominent companies headquartered in Providence include Fortune 500 Textron, an advanced technologies industrial conglomerate; United Natural Foods, a distributor of natural and organic foods; Fortune 1000 Nortek Incorporated; Gilbane, a construction and real estate company. Other companies with headquarters in the city include Citizens Bank,[95] Virgin Pulse, Ørsted US Offshore Wind, and Providence Equity.[96] Providence is the site of a sectional center facility (SCF), a regional hub for the U.S. Postal Service.[97] Providence is also home to some of toy manufacturer Hasbro's business operations, although their headquarters are in Pawtucket.

The city is home to the Rhode Island Convention Center, which opened in December 1993.[98] Along with a hotel, the convention center is connected to the Providence Place Mall, a major retail center, through a skywalk.[98]

Arts and culture

Much of Providence culture is synonymous with the culture of Rhode Island as a whole. Like the state, the city has a non-rhotic accent that can be heard on local media. Providence also shares Rhode Island's affinity for coffee, with the most coffee and doughnut shops per capita of any city in the country.[99] Providence is also reputed to have the highest number of restaurants per capita of major U.S. cities.[100]

During the summer months, the city regularly hosts WaterFire, an environmental art installation that consists of about 100 bonfires which blaze just above the surface of the three rivers that pass through the middle of Downtown Providence.[101] There are multiple WaterFire events that are accompanied by various pieces of classical and world music.[102]

Providence has several ethnic neighborhoods, notably Federal Hill and the North End (Italian),[103] Fox Point (Portuguese),[104] West End (mainly Central American and Asian),[105] and Smith Hill (Irish).[106] There are also many dedicated community organizations and arts associations located in the city.[107]

The city gained the reputation as one of the most active and growing gay and lesbian communities in the Northeast.[108][109] The rate of reported gay and lesbian relationships is 75% higher than the national average.[110] Former mayor David Cicilline won his election running as an openly gay man.[111] Former Mayor Buddy Cianci instituted the position of Mayor's Liaison to the Gay and Lesbian community in the 1990s.[109] and Providence is home to the largest gay bathhouse in New England.[112]

The city is the home of the Tony Award-winning theater group Trinity Repertory Company, the Providence Black Repertory Company, and the Rhode Island Philharmonic Orchestra,[113] as well as groups such as The American Band, once associated with noted American composer David Wallis Reeves. Providence hosts several performing arts centers, such as the Veterans Memorial Auditorium, the Providence Performing Arts Center, and Festival Ballet Providence. The city's underground music is centered on artist-run spaces such as the now-defunct Fort Thunder and is known in underground music circles.[114] Providence is also home to the Providence Improv Guild, an improvisational theatre that has weekly performances and offers improv and sketch comedy classes, and AS220, a long-standing non-profit arts center with exhibition, educational, and performance spaces, as well as live-work studios.[115]

Sites of interest

See also: List of Registered Historic Places in Providence, Rhode Island
 
Roger Williams National Memorial
 
Roger Williams Park
 
Prospect Terrace Park
 
Rhode Island School of Design Museum
 
Old Stone Bank
 
Providence Athenæum

Providence is home to a 1,200-acre (4.9 km2) park system.[116] Notable among these are Waterplace Park and the Riverwalk, Roger Williams Park, Roger Williams National Memorial, and Prospect Terrace Park. Prospect Terrace Park features expansive views of the downtown area, as well as a 15-foot tall granite statue of Roger Williams gazing over the city. As one of the first cities in America, Providence contains many historic buildings, while the East Side neighborhood in particular includes the largest contiguous area of buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places in the U.S., with many pre-revolutionary houses.[117]

Providence's East Side is home to the First Baptist Church in America, which was founded by Williams in 1638, as well as the Old State House which served as the state's capitol from 1762 to 1904.[118] Nearby is Roger Williams National Memorial. The dome of the State House is the fourth-largest self-supporting marble dome in the world and the second-largest marble dome after St. Peter's Basilica in Rome.[119] The Westminster Arcade is the oldest enclosed shopping center in the U.S.[120][121]

The Rhode Island School of Design Museum contains the 20th-largest collection in the United States.[122] The Providence Athenæum is the fourth oldest library in the United States, in addition to the Providence Public Library and the nine branches of the Providence Community Library.[123] Edgar Allan Poe frequented the library, and met and courted Sarah Helen Whitman there.[124] H. P. Lovecraft was also a regular patron.[125]

The Bank Newport City Center is located near Kennedy Plaza in the Downtown district, connected by pedestrian tunnel to Waterplace Park, a cobblestone and concrete park below street traffic that abuts Providence's three rivers.[126][127][36][128] Another downtown landmark is the Providence Biltmore, a historic hotel which stands adjacent to Kennedy Plaza.[129]

The southern part of the city is home to the famous roadside attraction Big Blue Bug, the world's largest termite and mascot of eponymous Big Blue Bug Solutions.[130] Roger Williams Park contains a zoo, a botanical center, and the Museum of Natural History and Planetarium.[131]

Sports

 
A 2019 hockey game between Providence College and Cornell University at the Amica Mutual Pavilion

Providence is home to the Providence Bruins of the American Hockey League, who play at the Amica Mutual Pavilion. From 1926 to 1972, the AHL's Providence Reds (renamed the Rhode Island Reds in their last years)[132] played at the Rhode Island Auditorium. In 1972, the team relocated to the Providence Civic Center, where they played until moving to Binghamton, New York, in 1977.

The NFL's New England Patriots and MLS's New England Revolution play in Foxborough, Massachusetts, which is situated halfway between Providence and Boston. Providence was formerly home to two major league franchises: the NFL's Providence Steam Roller in the 1920s and 1930s, and the NBA's Providence Steamrollers in the 1940s. The Rhode Island Auditorium also hosted 29 of the 49 boxing fights of Rocky Marciano.[133]

 
1879 National League champion Providence Grays

The city's defunct baseball team, the Providence Grays, competed in the National League from 1879 through 1885. The team defeated the New York Metropolitans in baseball's first successful "world championship series" in 1884.[134] In 1914, after the Boston Red Sox purchased Babe Ruth from the then-minor league Baltimore Orioles, the team prepared Ruth for the major leagues by sending him to finish the season playing for a minor league team in Providence that was also known as the Grays. Most baseball fans—along with the local media—tend to follow the Boston Red Sox.[135]

Major colleges and universities fielding NCAA Division I athletic teams are Brown University and Providence College. The latter is a member of the Big East Conference.

Providence has also hosted the alternative sports event Gravity Games from 1999 to 2001, and was also the first host of ESPN's X Games, known in its first edition as the Extreme Games, in 1995. Providence has its own roller derby league. Formed in 2004, it currently has four teams: the Providence Mob Squad, the Sakonnet River Roller Rats, the Old Money Honeys, and the Rhode Island Riveters. Until 2020, Providence was home to the headquarters of the American Athletic Conference (The American).[136][137]

Government

See also: List of mayors of Providence, Rhode Island and Mayoral elections in Providence, Rhode Island

The Providence City Council consists of 15 councilors, one for each of the city's wards,[138] who enact ordinances and pass an annual budget.[139] Providence uses a strong-mayor form of government in which the city council acts as a check against the power of the executive branch, the mayor. The members of the Providence City Council are elected by residents of the fifteen wards of Providence. City Council members are elected to four-year terms and are limited, by City Charter, to serving a maximum of three consecutive full terms (excluding any partial term of less than two years previously served).

As the state capital, Providence houses the Rhode Island General Assembly, as well as the offices of the Governor and the Lieutenant Governor in the Rhode Island State House. Providence also has probate and superior courts. The U.S. District Court for the District of Rhode Island is located downtown across from Providence City Hall adjacent to Kennedy Plaza.

Education

Universities and colleges
 
Brown University
 
RISD
 
Johnson & Wales
 
Providence College
 
Rhode Island College
 
Community College of RI

The main campuses of five of Rhode Island's colleges and universities are in Providence (city proper):

In addition, the Community College of Rhode Island, Roger Williams University, and University of Rhode Island have satellite campuses in the city. Between these schools, the number of post-secondary students is between 32,000[140][141] and 44,000.[142] Higher education exerts a considerable presence in the city's politics and economy, compounded by the fact that Brown University is the city's second-largest employer.[143]

There are several private schools in the city's East Side, including Moses Brown, the Lincoln School, and the Wheeler School. La Salle Academy, a Catholic college preparatory school, is located in the North End, near Providence College. The public charter schools Time Squared Academy High School (K–12) and Textron Chamber of Commerce (9–12) are funded by GTECH Corporation and Textron respectively.[144] In addition, the city's South Side houses Community Preparatory School, a private school serving primarily low-income students in grades 3–8.[145] There are two separate centers for students with special needs.[146] Providence Hebrew Day School (1946) is a local Jewish school.

The Providence Public School District serves about 21,000 students from pre-Kindergarten to grade 12. The district has 21 elementary schools, seven middle schools, and nine high schools.[147] The Providence Public School District features magnet schools at the middle and high school level, Nathanael Greene and Classical respectively. The overall graduation rate as of 2019 is 73.6%, which is slightly below the statewide rate of 84% and the national average of 86%.[148]

Media

Further information: Media in Providence metropolitan area

Providence is the center of Southern New England's broadcasting market, which also encompasses Bristol County, Massachusetts, which includes the cities of Fall River and New Bedford. The city is served by television stations representing every major American television network, as well as radio stations originating from Providence and Boston.

Infrastructure

Health and medicine

Providence is home to eight hospitals, most prominently Rhode Island Hospital, the largest general acute care hospital in the state. It is also the Level I Trauma Center for Rhode Island, Southeastern Massachusetts and parts of Connecticut.[149] The hospital is in a complex that includes Hasbro Children's Hospital and Women and Infants Hospital. The city is also home to the Roger Williams Medical Center, St. Joseph Hospital For Specialty Care (a division of St. Joseph Health Services Of Rhode Island), The Miriam Hospital, a major teaching affiliate associated with the Alpert Medical School of Brown University, as well as a Veterans Affairs medical center.

Transportation

Providence is served by T. F. Green Airport in Warwick, and general aviation fields also serve the region. Massport has been promoting T. F. Green as an alternative to Boston's Logan International Airport because of over-crowding.[150] Providence Station is located between the Rhode Island State House and the Downtown district and is served by Amtrak[151] and MBTA Commuter Rail services, with a commuter rail route running north to Boston and south to T.F. Green Airport and Wickford Junction.[152][153] Approximately 2,400 passengers pass through the station per day.[154][155]

I-95 runs from north to south through Providence; I-195 connects the city to eastern Rhode Island and southeastern Massachusetts, including New Bedford, Massachusetts and Cape Cod. I-295 encircles Providence, while RI 146 provides a direct connection with Worcester, Massachusetts. The city began the long-term project Iway in 2007 to move I-195 for safety reasons, to free up land, and to reunify the Jewelry District with Downtown Providence, which had been separated by the highway.[156][needs update] The project was estimated to cost $610 million.[157]

The Port of Providence (branded as ProvPort) is the second largest deep-water seaport in New England.[158][159] In 1994, the city incorporated ProvPort as an independent non-profit. It is located on a single campus on the west side of the Providence River, next to the Washington Park neighborhood.[160] As of 2021, operations are contracted to Waterson Terminal Services, which also operates ports in New Bedford, Massachusetts and Davisville, Rhode Island.[161] ProvPort handles cargoes such as cement, chemicals, heavy machinery, petroleum, and scrap metal.

Kennedy Plaza in Downtown Providence serves as a transportation hub for local public transit as well as a departure point for Peter Pan Bus Lines[162] and Greyhound Lines.[163] Public transit is managed by Rhode Island Public Transit Authority (RIPTA).[164] Through RIPTA alone, Kennedy Plaza averages more than 71,000 people a day.[165] The majority of the area covered by RIPTA is served by traditional buses, but RIPTA also runs a "Rapid Bus", the R-Line which connects the suburbs of Pawtucket and Cranston with Downtown Providence. Of particular note is the East Side Trolley Tunnel running under College Hill, whose use is reserved for RIPTA buses. From 2000 to 2008, RIPTA operated a seasonal ferry to Newport between May and October, but SeaStreak began operating that ferry route in 2016.[166] In 2020, RIPTA completed construction of the Downtown Transit Connector, an upgraded bus rapid transit service to run from Providence Station to the Hospital District.[167]

 
The Michael S. Van Leesten Memorial Bridge opened in August 2019

The city serves as the end point for four of the state's major traffic-free bicycle paths: the East Bay Bike Path, Washington Secondary Rail Trail, the Woonasquatucket Greenway Bike Path, and the Blackstone River Greenway.[168] There are several dedicated on-road bicycle lanes within the city.[168]

In 2017, the city signed a $400,000 contract with a bicycle sharing company, Jump, to introduce Providence's first program of its kind, supported by local hospitals and RIPTA.[169] Shortly after the program started in September 2018, the bicycles became associated with a "wave of vandalism and criminal activity" including widespread thefts of bicycles, bikes tossed into the Providence River, and even a company technician held at gunpoint.[169] The company suspended the program in August 2019.[169] In 2021, a new company, Spin, reintroduced a bike sharing program to the city.[170]

In August 2019, a pedestrian bridge opened, spanning the Providence River and connecting Providence's east and west sides. The bridge was constructed on the granite piers of the old Route 195 bridge.[171]

In January 2020, mayor Jorge Elorza unveiled a "Great Streets" initiative to create a framework of public space improvements to encourage walking, riding bicycles, and public transit.[172] The plan includes establishing an "Urban Trail Network" which includes 60 miles (97 km) of bicycle paths, bike lanes, and greenways.[173]

Utilities

Electricity and natural gas are provided by Rhode Island Energy, which took over from National Grid in May 2022.[174] Providence Water is responsible for the distribution of drinking water, ninety percent of which comes from the Scituate Reservoir about ten miles (16 km) west of downtown, with contributions coming from four smaller bodies of water. The city has history of severe lead problems from old lead pipes, which the city is actively working to replace and offering loans to homeowners to place. The Guardian has criticized the equity of the city's solution.[175] Drinking water in Providence has been rated among the highest quality in the country.[176][177][178][179]

Police

The headquarters of the city's fire and police departments is a 130,000 square feet (12,000 m2) Public Safety Complex. The building was dedicated in 2002 by former Mayor Vincent Cianci Jr.[180] Providence Police Department operated on a $85.6 million budget in 2020 employing 453 officers.[181]

Sister cities

Providence has four sister cities:[182]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ This motto may appear rhetorical, but it was an earnest expression from the traditional account of Roger Williams' arrival in Rhode Island with settlers William Harris, John Smith, Joshua Verin, Thomas Angell, and Francis Wickes.[1] The party was greeted by a group of Narragansetts, with the description of their exchange:[2]

    Not far from that bridge [over the Blackstone] in a little cove is the famous "Slate Rock," on which it is said that Roger Williams first landed after his tedious and painful flight from the persecutions of his Massachusetts brethren.
    As he approached the place he was saluted by some friendly Indians with the peaceful enquiry "What Cheer netop?" netop, meaning friend, a phrase which they had acquired from their intercourse with the English and which was equivalent to the salutation "How are you?" or "What's the news?"... It is this incident which is pictured upon the seal of the city of Providence.
  2. ^ Providence was listed as a town (not a city) by the US Census Bureau until the Census of 1840 because city status in the New England states is conferred by the form of government, not by population. Providence retained the title of ninth-largest settlement until the Census of 1810.
  3. ^ Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the expected highest and lowest temperature readings at any point during the year or given month) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020.
  4. ^ Official records for Providence kept at downtown from November 1904 to May 1932 and at T. F. Green Airport since June 1932.[66]
  5. ^ a b From 15% sample

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External links

  • Official website of the City of Providence, Rhode Island

January 21, 2023
providence, rhode, island, providence, capital, most, populous, city, state, rhode, island, oldest, cities, england, founded, 1636, roger, williams, reformed, baptist, theologian, religious, exile, from, massachusetts, colony, named, area, honor, merciful, pro. Providence is the capital and most populous city of the U S state of Rhode Island One of the oldest cities in New England 6 it was founded in 1636 by Roger Williams a Reformed Baptist theologian and religious exile from the Massachusetts Bay Colony He named the area in honor of God s merciful Providence which he believed was responsible for revealing such a haven for him and his followers The city developed as a busy port as it is situated at the mouth of the Providence River in Providence County at the head of Narragansett Bay Providence Rhode IslandState capital cityCity of ProvidenceFrom top left to right Downtown Providence skyline Weybosset Street and the Providence Performing Arts Center University Hall Brown University Crawford Street Bridge and Financial District Federal Hill Rhode Island State HouseFlagSealNickname s The Creative Capital the Renaissance City the Divine City PVD ProvMotto What Cheer a Interactive map of ProvidenceCoordinates 41 49 25 N 71 25 20 W 41 82361 N 71 42222 W 41 82361 71 42222 Coordinates 41 49 25 N 71 25 20 W 41 82361 N 71 42222 W 41 82361 71 42222Country United StatesState Rhode IslandCountyProvidenceRegionNew EnglandSettled1636Incorporated city November 5 1832Founded byRoger WilliamsNamed forDivine providenceGovernment TypeMayor Council MayorBrett Smiley D BodyProvidence City CouncilArea 3 State capital city20 58 sq mi 53 31 km2 Land18 41 sq mi 47 67 km2 Water2 18 sq mi 5 64 km2 Elevation 4 10 ft 3 m Population 2020 5 State capital city190 934 RankUS 134th Density10 373 47 sq mi 4 005 25 km2 Urban1 285 806 US 39th Urban density2 362 5 sq mi 912 2 km2 Metro1 604 291 US 38th Time zoneUTC 5 Eastern Time Zone Summer DST UTC 4 EDT ZIP Codes02901 02912 02918 02919 02940Area code401FIPS code44 59000Websitewww wbr providenceri wbr govProvidence was one of the first cities in the country to industrialize and became noted for its textile manufacturing and subsequent machine tool jewelry and silverware industries 7 8 Today the city of Providence is home to eight hospitals and eight institutions of higher learning which have shifted the city s economy into service industries though it still retains some manufacturing activity At the 2020 census Providence had a population of 190 934 making it the third most populous city in New England after Boston and Worcester Massachusetts 9 10 Contents 1 History 2 Geography 2 1 Neighborhoods 2 2 Cityscape 2 3 Climate 3 Demographics 4 Economy 5 Arts and culture 5 1 Sites of interest 6 Sports 7 Government 8 Education 9 Media 10 Infrastructure 10 1 Health and medicine 10 2 Transportation 10 3 Utilities 10 4 Police 11 Sister cities 12 See also 13 Notes 14 References 15 External linksHistory EditMain article History of Providence Rhode Island For a chronological guide see Timeline of Providence Rhode Island The First Baptist Church in America is the oldest Baptist congregation in America Founded by Roger Williams in 1638 its present meetinghouse was first occupied in 1775 Providence was settled in June 1636 by Puritan theologian Roger Williams and grew into one of the original Thirteen Colonies As a minister in the Massachusetts Bay Colony Williams had advocated for the separation of church and state and condemned colonists confiscation of land from Native Americans For these diverse new and dangerous opinions he was convicted of sedition and heresy and banished from the colony Williams and others established a settlement in Rumford Rhode Island 11 12 The group later moved down the Seekonk River around the point now known as Fox Point and up the Providence River to the confluence of the Moshassuck and Woonasquatucket Rivers citation needed The settlement was named after God s merciful Providence 13 Unlike Salem and Boston Providence lacked a royal charter The settlers thus organized themselves allotting tracts on the eastern side of the Providence River in 1638 Roughly six acres each these home lots extended from Towne Street now South Main Street to Hope Street 14 Over the following two decades Providence Plantations grew into a self sufficient agricultural and fishing settlement though its lands were difficult to farm and its borders were disputed with Connecticut and Massachusetts 11 In 1652 Providence prohibited African and African American slavery for periods of longer than 10 years This statute constituted the first anti slavery law in the United States though there is no evidence the prohibition was ever enforced 15 In March 1676 Providence Plantations was burned to the ground by the Narragansetts as part of King Philip s War Later in the year the Rhode Island legislature formally rebuked the other colonies for provoking the war 16 In 1770 Brown University moved to Providence from nearby Warren At the time the college was known as Rhode Island College and occupied a single building on College Hill The college s choice to relocate to Providence as opposed to Newport symbolized a larger shift away from the latter city s commercial and political dominance over the state 17 18 In 1772 a group from Providence burned a British customs schooner south of Providence in an event known as the Gaspee Affair 11 Rhode Island was the first of the Thirteen Colonies to renounce its allegiance to the British Crown on May 4 1776 19 It was also the last of the Thirteen States to ratify the United States Constitution on May 29 1790 once assurances were made that a Bill of Rights would become part of the Constitution 20 Market Square was the center of civic life in the 19th Century and Market House was home to the city council before Providence City Hall was built 21 City Hall was built in 1878 Following the war Providence was the nation s ninth largest city b with 7 614 people The economy shifted from maritime endeavors to manufacturing in particular machinery tools silverware jewelry and textiles By the start of the 20th century Providence hosted some of the largest manufacturing plants in the country including Brown amp Sharpe Nicholson File and Gorham Manufacturing Company 11 The city s industries attracted many immigrants from Ireland Germany Sweden England Italy Portugal Cape Verde and French Canada These economic and demographic shifts caused social strife 11 Hard Scrabble and Snow Town two African American neighborhoods in the city were the sites of race riots in 1824 and 1831 22 23 Providence residents ratified a city charter in 1831 as the population passed 17 000 11 The seat of city government was located in the Market House 24 in Market Square from 1832 to 1878 which was the geographic and social center of the city The city offices soon outgrew this building and the City Council resolved to create a permanent municipal building in 1845 24 The city offices moved into Providence City Hall in 1878 25 Local politics split over slavery during the American Civil War as many had ties to Southern cotton and the slave trade Despite ambivalence concerning the war the number of military volunteers routinely exceeded quota and the city s manufacturing proved invaluable to the Union Providence thrived after the war and waves of immigrants brought the population from 54 595 in 1865 to 175 597 by 1900 11 By the early 1900s Providence was one of the wealthiest cities in the United States 26 Immigrant labor powered one of the nation s largest industrial manufacturing centers 26 Providence was a major manufacturer of industrial products from steam engines to precision tools to silverware screws and textiles Giant companies were based in or near Providence such as Brown amp Sharpe the Corliss Steam Engine Company Babcock amp Wilcox the Grinnell Corporation the Gorham Manufacturing Company Nicholson File and the Fruit of the Loom textile company 26 The manufacturing of jewelry and costume jewelry emerged as a dominant local industry 27 28 In the 1960s jewelry trade magazines referred to Providence as the jewelry capital of the world 28 The city began to see a decline by the mid 1920s as manufacturing industries began to shut down The city was deeply affected by the Great Depression which left more than a third of the city s labor force unemployed 29 The subsequent Recession of 1937 1938 was immediately followed by the New England Hurricane of 1938 which flooded the city s downtown 30 The hurricane was particularly destructive to the city s struggling textile industry with many mills never reopening following the storm 31 Providence s population declined from a peak of 253 504 in 1940 to only 179 213 in 1970 as the white middle class fled to the suburbs The remainder of these residents were disproportionately poor and elderly 32 33 From the 1950s to the 1980s Providence was a notorious bastion of organized crime 34 35 From 1975 until 1982 606 million of local and national community development funds were invested throughout the city In the 1990s the city pushed for revitalization realigning the north south railroad tracks removing the huge rail viaduct that separated Downtown from the capitol building uncovering and moving the rivers which had been covered by paved bridges to create Waterplace Park and river walks along the rivers banks and constructing the Fleet Skating Rink now the Alex and Ani City Center 36 and the Providence Place Mall 11 In 1980 Providence s previously declining population began to grow once again 37 In the early 2000s Providence developed an economic development plan that outlined a planned shift to a knowledge economy These efforts involved the rebranding of the formerly industrial Jewelry District as a new Knowledge District 38 Despite new investment poverty remains an entrenched problem Approximately 27 9 percent of the city population is living below the poverty line 39 Recent increases in real estate values further exacerbate problems for those at marginal income levels as Providence had the highest rise in median housing price of any city in the United States from 2004 to 2005 40 Geography EditThe Providence city limits enclose a small geographical region with a total area of 20 5 square miles 53 km2 18 5 square miles 48 km2 of it is land and the remaining 2 1 square miles 5 4 km2 is water roughly 10 Providence is located at the head of Narragansett Bay with the Providence River running into the bay through the center of the city 41 formed by the confluence of the Moshassuck and Woonasquatucket Rivers The Waterplace Park amphitheater and riverwalks line the river s banks through Downtown 42 Providence is one of many cities claimed to be founded on seven hills like Rome 43 44 As with many cities worldwide the Northeastern megacity has a large population of feral pigeons Columba livia 45 Although expecting Providence s population genetics to be continuous with the larger megacity Carlen amp Munshi South 2020 find Providence and Boston share one population and the rest of the region shares another 45 This is likely due to the intervening low urbanization zone in western Connecticut 45 Neighborhoods Edit Main article Neighborhoods in Providence Map of neighborhoods in Providence Providence has 25 official neighborhoods though these neighborhoods are often grouped together and referred to collectively 46 47 The East Side is a region comprising the neighborhoods of Blackstone Hope aka Summit Mount Hope College Hill Wayland and Fox Point 46 The Jewelry District describes the area enclosed by I 95 the old I 195 and the Providence River The city has made efforts to rename this area the Knowledge District to reflect the area s newly developing life sciences and technology based economy 48 49 The North End is formed by the concatenation of the neighborhoods of Charles Wanskuck Smith Hill Elmhurst and Mount Pleasant 46 The South Side or South Providence consists of the neighborhoods of Elmwood Lower South Providence Upper South Providence Washington Park and the West End 46 West Broadway is an officially recognized neighborhood with its own association It overlaps with the southern half of Federal Hill and the northern part of the West End 50 Cityscape Edit See also List of tallest buildings in Providence The Providence skyline as viewed from across the Providence River Downtown Providence and the East Side 2010 Note the demolition of the previous I 195 as part of the Iway project Geographically Providence is compact characteristic of eastern seaboard cities that developed prior to use of the automobile The street layout of the city is irregular more than one thousand streets run haphazardly connecting and radiating from traditionally bustling places such as Market Square 51 Downtown Providence has numerous 19th century mercantile buildings in the Federal and Victorian architectural styles as well as several postmodern and modernist buildings In particular a fairly clear spatial separation appears between the areas of pre 1980s development and post 1980s development West Exchange Street and Exchange Terrace serve as rough boundaries between the two 52 The newer area sometimes called Capitol Center 52 includes the Providence Place Mall 1999 Omni Providence Hotel 1993 and Residences Providence 2007 GTECH Corporation 2006 Waterplace Towers condominiums 2007 and Waterplace Park 1994 The area tends toward newer development since much of it is land reclaimed in the 1970s from a mass of railroad tracks referred to colloquially as the Chinese Wall 53 This part of Downtown is characterized by open spaces wide roads and landscaping 52 The streetscape of much of historic downtown has retained a similar appearance since the early 20th century Many of the state s tallest buildings are found here At 426 feet 130 m the city s largest structure is the art deco Industrial National Bank Building 54 The building contrasts with the city s second tallest structure One Financial Plaza which is designed in the modernist style 55 Other core buildings of the Providence skyline are the postmodern 50 Kennedy Plaza and late modern Textron Tower Downtown is also the home of the historic Providence Biltmore hotel and Westminster Arcade the oldest enclosed shopping mall in the U S 56 The city s southern waterfront away from the downtown core is the location of oil tanks ferry and sailing docks power plants and nightclubs The Russian Submarine Museum was located here until 2008 when the submarine sank The Fox Point Hurricane Barrier is also found here built to protect Providence from storm surge like those endured by the city during the 1938 New England Hurricane and 1954 Hurricane Carol 57 The Shepard Company Building in Downtown Providence s compact urban center Burnside Park in Downtown Providence facing the city s primary row of high rises The Providence Riverwalk at the edge of downtownClimate Edit ProvidenceClimate chart explanation J F M A M J J A S O N D 3 9 37 21 3 3 40 24 5 48 30 4 4 59 41 3 6 68 49 3 6 78 58 3 3 83 64 3 6 81 63 3 9 74 55 3 9 63 44 4 5 53 36 4 2 42 26Average max and min temperatures in FPrecipitation totals in inchesMetric conversionJ F M A M J J A S O N D 98 3 6 84 5 5 127 9 1 111 15 5 90 20 9 92 25 15 84 28 18 91 27 17 100 23 13 100 17 7 115 12 2 107 6 3Average max and min temperatures in CPrecipitation totals in mmProvidence has a humid continental climate Koppen climate classification Dfa bordering a humid subtropical climate with hot summers cold winters and high humidity year round The USDA places the city in hardiness zone 6b with the suburbs in zones 6a 7b 58 The influence of the Atlantic Ocean keeps the state of Rhode Island warmer than many inland locales in New England 59 60 61 January is the coldest month with a daily mean of 29 2 F 1 6 C and low temperatures dropping to 10 F 12 C or lower an average of 11 days per winter 62 while July is the warmest month with a daily mean of 73 5 F 23 1 C and highs rising to 90 F 32 C or higher an average of 10 days per summer 62 Extremes range from 17 F or 27 2 C on February 9 1934 63 to 104 F or 40 C on August 2 1975 64 the record cold daily maximum is 1 F 17 2 C on February 5 1918 while the record warm daily minimum is 80 F 26 7 C on June 6 1925 62 Temperature readings of 0 F or 17 8 C or lower are uncommon in Providence and generally occur once every several years The year which had the most days with a temperature reading of zero degrees or lower was 2015 with eight days total one day in January and seven days in February 62 Conversely temperature readings of 100 F or 37 8 C or higher are even rarer and the year with the most days in this category was 1944 with three days all of which were in August 62 Monthly precipitation in Providence ranges from a high of 4 43 inches 112 5 mm in March to a low of 3 17 inches 80 5 mm in July 64 In general precipitation levels are slightly less in the summer months than the winter months when nor easters can cause significant snowfall and blizzard conditions Hurricanes are not frequent in coastal New England although Providence s location at the head of Narragansett Bay makes it vulnerable to them 65 vteClimate data for Providence Rhode Island T F Green Airport 1991 2020 normals c extremes 1904 present d Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec YearRecord high F C 70 21 72 22 90 32 98 37 96 36 98 37 102 39 104 40 100 38 88 31 81 27 77 25 104 40 Mean maximum F C 59 15 58 14 67 19 79 26 87 31 92 33 95 35 93 34 88 31 79 26 70 21 62 17 97 36 Average high F C 38 3 3 5 40 5 4 7 47 7 8 7 58 9 14 9 68 9 20 5 77 7 25 4 83 6 28 7 82 2 27 9 74 8 23 8 63 8 17 7 53 2 11 8 43 4 6 3 61 1 16 2 Daily mean F C 30 2 1 0 32 0 0 0 38 9 3 8 49 3 9 6 59 1 15 1 68 2 20 1 74 4 23 6 73 0 22 8 65 6 18 7 54 4 12 4 44 5 6 9 35 5 1 9 52 1 11 2 Average low F C 22 1 5 5 23 5 4 7 30 2 1 0 39 6 4 2 49 2 9 6 58 8 14 9 65 2 18 4 63 9 17 7 56 5 13 6 45 1 7 3 35 8 2 1 27 6 2 4 43 1 6 2 Mean minimum F C 4 16 7 14 15 9 29 2 38 3 47 8 56 13 54 12 43 6 32 0 22 6 12 11 2 17 Record low F C 13 25 17 27 1 17 11 12 29 2 39 4 48 9 40 4 32 0 20 7 6 14 12 24 17 27 Average precipitation inches mm 3 96 101 3 44 87 4 90 124 4 29 109 3 37 86 3 81 97 2 91 74 3 59 91 4 17 106 4 18 106 4 27 108 4 65 118 47 54 1 208 Average snowfall inches cm 10 3 26 10 5 27 6 4 16 0 6 1 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 51 1 0 2 5 7 6 19 36 6 93 Average precipitation days 0 01 in 11 2 10 3 11 6 11 7 12 2 10 8 9 3 9 1 9 1 10 2 9 6 11 9 127 0Average snowy days 0 1 in 5 7 5 4 3 7 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 6 3 4 19 3Average relative humidity 63 9 63 0 62 9 61 4 66 6 70 1 71 0 72 5 73 0 70 2 68 9 67 0 67 5Average dew point F C 16 3 8 7 17 4 8 1 25 0 3 9 33 1 0 6 45 0 7 2 55 6 13 1 61 5 16 4 61 0 16 1 53 8 12 1 42 6 5 9 33 3 0 7 22 1 5 5 38 9 3 8 Mean monthly sunshine hours 171 7 172 6 215 6 225 1 254 9 274 1 290 6 262 8 233 0 208 7 148 0 148 6 2 605 7Percent possible sunshine 58 58 58 56 57 60 63 61 62 61 50 52 58Average ultraviolet index 1 2 4 6 7 8 8 8 6 4 2 1 5Source 1 NOAA relative humidity dew point and sun 1961 1990 62 67 68 Source 2 Weather Atlas 69 Climate data for ProvidenceMonth Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec YearAverage sea temperature F C 41 4 5 2 38 1 3 4 38 7 3 8 44 1 6 7 50 9 10 5 59 6 15 3 67 0 19 4 69 3 20 7 66 7 19 3 61 6 16 4 54 2 12 3 47 7 8 8 53 3 11 8 Source Weather Atlas 69 Demographics EditHistorical populationYearPop 17081 446 17303 916 170 8 17483 452 11 8 17553 159 8 5 17744 321 36 8 17824 310 0 3 17906 380 48 0 18007 614 19 3 181010 070 32 3 182011 767 16 9 183016 833 43 1 184023 171 37 7 185041 513 79 2 186050 666 22 0 187068 904 36 0 1880104 857 52 2 1890132 146 26 0 1900175 597 32 9 1910224 326 27 8 1920237 595 5 9 1930252 981 6 5 1940253 504 0 2 1950248 674 1 9 1960207 498 16 6 1970179 213 13 6 1980156 804 12 5 1990160 728 2 5 2000173 618 8 0 2010178 042 2 5 2020190 934 7 2 Source Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States 1790 to 1990 70 2019 Estimate 71 1708 to 1782 72 As of the 2000 United States census 73 Providence s population consisted of 173 618 people 162 389 households and 35 859 families The population density was 9 401 7 inhabitants per square mile 3 630 0 km2 characteristic of other small cities in New England such as New Haven Connecticut Springfield Massachusetts and Hartford Connecticut 74 The city s population peaked in the 1940s just prior to the nationwide period of rapid suburbanization 70 The Providence metropolitan area includes Providence Fall River Massachusetts and Warwick and is estimated to have a population of 1 622 520 In 2006 this area was officially added to the Boston Combined Statistical Area CSA the sixth largest CSA in the country In recent years Providence has experienced a sizable growth in its under 18 population The median age of the city was 28 years while the largest age cohort is 20 to 24 year olds as of 2000 75 Demographic profile 2020 74 2010 76 1990 77 1970 77 1950 77 White 53 1 49 8 69 9 90 0 96 5 Non Hispanic 33 8 37 6 64 5 89 5 e N ABlack or African American 16 1 16 0 14 8 8 9 3 3 Hispanic or Latino of any race 43 5 38 1 15 5 0 8 e N AAsian 5 6 6 4 5 9 0 5 0 1 Providence has a racially and ethnically diverse population In 2020 white Americans formed 53 1 of the population including a sizable white Hispanic community Non Hispanic whites were 33 8 of the total population 74 down from 89 5 in 1970 77 Providence has had a substantial Italian American population since the start of the 20th century with 14 of the population claiming Italian ancestry 78 Italian influence manifests itself in Providence s Little Italy in Federal Hill 79 Irish immigrants have also had considerable influence on the city s history with 8 of residents claiming Irish heritage 80 The percentages of people claiming Irish and Italian ancestry though high has gone down considerably from historical highs and is much lower than the percentages of these groups in Rhode Island as a whole The city also has a sizable Jewish community estimated at 10 500 in 2012 or roughly 5 of the city s population 81 In 2020 people of Hispanic or Latino origin composed 43 5 of the city s population 74 They formed a majority of city public school students as of 2007 82 The majority of Hispanics in Providence are of Dominican descent Numbering roughly 25 000 and constituting roughly half of the city s Hispanic population Providence s Dominican community is the fifth largest in the United States 83 Other Hispanic groups present in sizable numbers include Puerto Ricans Guatemalans and Colombians Hispanics are widespread in significant numbers in most of Providence but most concentrated in the neighborhoods of Elmwood the West End and Upper and Lower South Providence 84 African Americans constitute 16 1 74 of the city s population with their greatest concentrations found in Mount Hope and the Upper and Lower South Providence neighborhoods 85 86 Providence has small Liberian and Haitian communities in the city Liberians compose 0 4 of the population 78 the city is home to one of the largest Liberian immigrant populations in the country 87 Asian Americans constitute 5 6 of Providence s population The largest Asian groups are Cambodians 1 7 Chinese 1 1 Indian Americans 0 7 Laotians 0 6 and Koreans 0 6 Another 6 of the city has multiracial ancestry American Indians and Pacific Islanders make up the remaining 0 9 86 Providence has a considerable community of immigrants from various Portuguese speaking countries especially Portugal Brazil and Cape Verde These residents are concentrated in the Washington Park and Fox Point neighborhoods 88 89 90 Portuguese is the city s third largest European ethnicity after Italian and Irish Cape Verdeans compose 2 of the city s population 78 The per capita income as of the 2000 census was 15 525 which is well below both the state average of 29 113 and the national average of 21 587 91 92 The median income for a household was 26 867 and the median income for a family in Providence was 32 058 The city has one of the highest rates of poverty in the nation with 29 1 of the population and 23 9 of families living below the poverty line Of residents in poverty the largest concentrations are found in the city s Olneyville and Upper and Lower South Providence areas 39 93 Poverty has affected children at a disproportionately higher rate with 40 1 of those under the age of 18 living below the poverty line These residents are concentrated west of Downtown in the neighborhoods of Hartford Federal Hill and Olneyville 93 Economy Edit Distribution of Providence s economic activity Over one third of Providence s economy is based in trade transportation utilities and educational and health services 94 As the capital of Rhode Island the city s economy additionally consists of government services with approximately 70 000 jobs 94 The unemployment rate in the city is 5 0 as of August 2022 compared to a national rate of 3 8 94 Prominent companies headquartered in Providence include Fortune 500 Textron an advanced technologies industrial conglomerate United Natural Foods a distributor of natural and organic foods Fortune 1000 Nortek Incorporated Gilbane a construction and real estate company Other companies with headquarters in the city include Citizens Bank 95 Virgin Pulse Orsted US Offshore Wind and Providence Equity 96 Providence is the site of a sectional center facility SCF a regional hub for the U S Postal Service 97 Providence is also home to some of toy manufacturer Hasbro s business operations although their headquarters are in Pawtucket The city is home to the Rhode Island Convention Center which opened in December 1993 98 Along with a hotel the convention center is connected to the Providence Place Mall a major retail center through a skywalk 98 Arts and culture Edit The Providence Performing Arts Center Much of Providence culture is synonymous with the culture of Rhode Island as a whole Like the state the city has a non rhotic accent that can be heard on local media Providence also shares Rhode Island s affinity for coffee with the most coffee and doughnut shops per capita of any city in the country 99 Providence is also reputed to have the highest number of restaurants per capita of major U S cities 100 During the summer months the city regularly hosts WaterFire an environmental art installation that consists of about 100 bonfires which blaze just above the surface of the three rivers that pass through the middle of Downtown Providence 101 There are multiple WaterFire events that are accompanied by various pieces of classical and world music 102 Providence has several ethnic neighborhoods notably Federal Hill and the North End Italian 103 Fox Point Portuguese 104 West End mainly Central American and Asian 105 and Smith Hill Irish 106 There are also many dedicated community organizations and arts associations located in the city 107 The city gained the reputation as one of the most active and growing gay and lesbian communities in the Northeast 108 109 The rate of reported gay and lesbian relationships is 75 higher than the national average 110 Former mayor David Cicilline won his election running as an openly gay man 111 Former Mayor Buddy Cianci instituted the position of Mayor s Liaison to the Gay and Lesbian community in the 1990s 109 and Providence is home to the largest gay bathhouse in New England 112 The city is the home of the Tony Award winning theater group Trinity Repertory Company the Providence Black Repertory Company and the Rhode Island Philharmonic Orchestra 113 as well as groups such as The American Band once associated with noted American composer David Wallis Reeves Providence hosts several performing arts centers such as the Veterans Memorial Auditorium the Providence Performing Arts Center and Festival Ballet Providence The city s underground music is centered on artist run spaces such as the now defunct Fort Thunder and is known in underground music circles 114 Providence is also home to the Providence Improv Guild an improvisational theatre that has weekly performances and offers improv and sketch comedy classes and AS220 a long standing non profit arts center with exhibition educational and performance spaces as well as live work studios 115 Sites of interest Edit See also List of Registered Historic Places in Providence Rhode Island Roger Williams National Memorial Roger Williams Park Prospect Terrace Park Rhode Island School of Design Museum Old Stone Bank Providence Athenaeum Providence is home to a 1 200 acre 4 9 km2 park system 116 Notable among these are Waterplace Park and the Riverwalk Roger Williams Park Roger Williams National Memorial and Prospect Terrace Park Prospect Terrace Park features expansive views of the downtown area as well as a 15 foot tall granite statue of Roger Williams gazing over the city As one of the first cities in America Providence contains many historic buildings while the East Side neighborhood in particular includes the largest contiguous area of buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places in the U S with many pre revolutionary houses 117 Providence s East Side is home to the First Baptist Church in America which was founded by Williams in 1638 as well as the Old State House which served as the state s capitol from 1762 to 1904 118 Nearby is Roger Williams National Memorial The dome of the State House is the fourth largest self supporting marble dome in the world and the second largest marble dome after St Peter s Basilica in Rome 119 The Westminster Arcade is the oldest enclosed shopping center in the U S 120 121 The Rhode Island School of Design Museum contains the 20th largest collection in the United States 122 The Providence Athenaeum is the fourth oldest library in the United States in addition to the Providence Public Library and the nine branches of the Providence Community Library 123 Edgar Allan Poe frequented the library and met and courted Sarah Helen Whitman there 124 H P Lovecraft was also a regular patron 125 The Bank Newport City Center is located near Kennedy Plaza in the Downtown district connected by pedestrian tunnel to Waterplace Park a cobblestone and concrete park below street traffic that abuts Providence s three rivers 126 127 36 128 Another downtown landmark is the Providence Biltmore a historic hotel which stands adjacent to Kennedy Plaza 129 The southern part of the city is home to the famous roadside attraction Big Blue Bug the world s largest termite and mascot of eponymous Big Blue Bug Solutions 130 Roger Williams Park contains a zoo a botanical center and the Museum of Natural History and Planetarium 131 Sports Edit A 2019 hockey game between Providence College and Cornell University at the Amica Mutual Pavilion Providence is home to the Providence Bruins of the American Hockey League who play at the Amica Mutual Pavilion From 1926 to 1972 the AHL s Providence Reds renamed the Rhode Island Reds in their last years 132 played at the Rhode Island Auditorium In 1972 the team relocated to the Providence Civic Center where they played until moving to Binghamton New York in 1977 The NFL s New England Patriots and MLS s New England Revolution play in Foxborough Massachusetts which is situated halfway between Providence and Boston Providence was formerly home to two major league franchises the NFL s Providence Steam Roller in the 1920s and 1930s and the NBA s Providence Steamrollers in the 1940s The Rhode Island Auditorium also hosted 29 of the 49 boxing fights of Rocky Marciano 133 1879 National League champion Providence Grays The city s defunct baseball team the Providence Grays competed in the National League from 1879 through 1885 The team defeated the New York Metropolitans in baseball s first successful world championship series in 1884 134 In 1914 after the Boston Red Sox purchased Babe Ruth from the then minor league Baltimore Orioles the team prepared Ruth for the major leagues by sending him to finish the season playing for a minor league team in Providence that was also known as the Grays Most baseball fans along with the local media tend to follow the Boston Red Sox 135 Major colleges and universities fielding NCAA Division I athletic teams are Brown University and Providence College The latter is a member of the Big East Conference Providence has also hosted the alternative sports event Gravity Games from 1999 to 2001 and was also the first host of ESPN s X Games known in its first edition as the Extreme Games in 1995 Providence has its own roller derby league Formed in 2004 it currently has four teams the Providence Mob Squad the Sakonnet River Roller Rats the Old Money Honeys and the Rhode Island Riveters Until 2020 Providence was home to the headquarters of the American Athletic Conference The American 136 137 Government EditSee also List of mayors of Providence Rhode Island and Mayoral elections in Providence Rhode Island Providence City Council chambers The Providence City Council consists of 15 councilors one for each of the city s wards 138 who enact ordinances and pass an annual budget 139 Providence uses a strong mayor form of government in which the city council acts as a check against the power of the executive branch the mayor The members of the Providence City Council are elected by residents of the fifteen wards of Providence City Council members are elected to four year terms and are limited by City Charter to serving a maximum of three consecutive full terms excluding any partial term of less than two years previously served As the state capital Providence houses the Rhode Island General Assembly as well as the offices of the Governor and the Lieutenant Governor in the Rhode Island State House Providence also has probate and superior courts The U S District Court for the District of Rhode Island is located downtown across from Providence City Hall adjacent to Kennedy Plaza Education EditUniversities and colleges Brown University RISD Johnson amp Wales Providence College Rhode Island College Community College of RI The main campuses of five of Rhode Island s colleges and universities are in Providence city proper Brown University an Ivy League university and one of nine colonial colleges in the nation Johnson amp Wales University Providence College Rhode Island College the state s oldest public college Rhode Island School of Design RISD In addition the Community College of Rhode Island Roger Williams University and University of Rhode Island have satellite campuses in the city Between these schools the number of post secondary students is between 32 000 140 141 and 44 000 142 Higher education exerts a considerable presence in the city s politics and economy compounded by the fact that Brown University is the city s second largest employer 143 There are several private schools in the city s East Side including Moses Brown the Lincoln School and the Wheeler School La Salle Academy a Catholic college preparatory school is located in the North End near Providence College The public charter schools Time Squared Academy High School K 12 and Textron Chamber of Commerce 9 12 are funded by GTECH Corporation and Textron respectively 144 In addition the city s South Side houses Community Preparatory School a private school serving primarily low income students in grades 3 8 145 There are two separate centers for students with special needs 146 Providence Hebrew Day School 1946 is a local Jewish school The Providence Public School District serves about 21 000 students from pre Kindergarten to grade 12 The district has 21 elementary schools seven middle schools and nine high schools 147 The Providence Public School District features magnet schools at the middle and high school level Nathanael Greene and Classical respectively The overall graduation rate as of 2019 update is 73 6 which is slightly below the statewide rate of 84 and the national average of 86 148 Media EditFurther information Media in Providence metropolitan area Providence is the center of Southern New England s broadcasting market which also encompasses Bristol County Massachusetts which includes the cities of Fall River and New Bedford The city is served by television stations representing every major American television network as well as radio stations originating from Providence and Boston Infrastructure EditHealth and medicine Edit Women amp Infants Hospital Providence is home to eight hospitals most prominently Rhode Island Hospital the largest general acute care hospital in the state It is also the Level I Trauma Center for Rhode Island Southeastern Massachusetts and parts of Connecticut 149 The hospital is in a complex that includes Hasbro Children s Hospital and Women and Infants Hospital The city is also home to the Roger Williams Medical Center St Joseph Hospital For Specialty Care a division of St Joseph Health Services Of Rhode Island The Miriam Hospital a major teaching affiliate associated with the Alpert Medical School of Brown University as well as a Veterans Affairs medical center Transportation Edit Providence Station Providence is served by T F Green Airport in Warwick and general aviation fields also serve the region Massport has been promoting T F Green as an alternative to Boston s Logan International Airport because of over crowding 150 Providence Station is located between the Rhode Island State House and the Downtown district and is served by Amtrak 151 and MBTA Commuter Rail services with a commuter rail route running north to Boston and south to T F Green Airport and Wickford Junction 152 153 Approximately 2 400 passengers pass through the station per day 154 155 I 95 runs from north to south through Providence I 195 connects the city to eastern Rhode Island and southeastern Massachusetts including New Bedford Massachusetts and Cape Cod I 295 encircles Providence while RI 146 provides a direct connection with Worcester Massachusetts The city began the long term project Iway in 2007 to move I 195 for safety reasons to free up land and to reunify the Jewelry District with Downtown Providence which had been separated by the highway 156 needs update The project was estimated to cost 610 million 157 The Port of Providence branded as ProvPort is the second largest deep water seaport in New England 158 159 In 1994 the city incorporated ProvPort as an independent non profit It is located on a single campus on the west side of the Providence River next to the Washington Park neighborhood 160 As of 2021 operations are contracted to Waterson Terminal Services which also operates ports in New Bedford Massachusetts and Davisville Rhode Island 161 ProvPort handles cargoes such as cement chemicals heavy machinery petroleum and scrap metal Kennedy Plaza in Downtown Providence serves as a transportation hub for local public transit as well as a departure point for Peter Pan Bus Lines 162 and Greyhound Lines 163 Public transit is managed by Rhode Island Public Transit Authority RIPTA 164 Through RIPTA alone Kennedy Plaza averages more than 71 000 people a day 165 The majority of the area covered by RIPTA is served by traditional buses but RIPTA also runs a Rapid Bus the R Line which connects the suburbs of Pawtucket and Cranston with Downtown Providence Of particular note is the East Side Trolley Tunnel running under College Hill whose use is reserved for RIPTA buses From 2000 to 2008 RIPTA operated a seasonal ferry to Newport between May and October but SeaStreak began operating that ferry route in 2016 166 In 2020 RIPTA completed construction of the Downtown Transit Connector an upgraded bus rapid transit service to run from Providence Station to the Hospital District 167 The Michael S Van Leesten Memorial Bridge opened in August 2019 The city serves as the end point for four of the state s major traffic free bicycle paths the East Bay Bike Path Washington Secondary Rail Trail the Woonasquatucket Greenway Bike Path and the Blackstone River Greenway 168 There are several dedicated on road bicycle lanes within the city 168 In 2017 the city signed a 400 000 contract with a bicycle sharing company Jump to introduce Providence s first program of its kind supported by local hospitals and RIPTA 169 Shortly after the program started in September 2018 the bicycles became associated with a wave of vandalism and criminal activity including widespread thefts of bicycles bikes tossed into the Providence River and even a company technician held at gunpoint 169 The company suspended the program in August 2019 169 In 2021 a new company Spin reintroduced a bike sharing program to the city 170 In August 2019 a pedestrian bridge opened spanning the Providence River and connecting Providence s east and west sides The bridge was constructed on the granite piers of the old Route 195 bridge 171 In January 2020 mayor Jorge Elorza unveiled a Great Streets initiative to create a framework of public space improvements to encourage walking riding bicycles and public transit 172 The plan includes establishing an Urban Trail Network which includes 60 miles 97 km of bicycle paths bike lanes and greenways 173 Utilities Edit Electricity and natural gas are provided by Rhode Island Energy which took over from National Grid in May 2022 174 Providence Water is responsible for the distribution of drinking water ninety percent of which comes from the Scituate Reservoir about ten miles 16 km west of downtown with contributions coming from four smaller bodies of water The city has history of severe lead problems from old lead pipes which the city is actively working to replace and offering loans to homeowners to place The Guardian has criticized the equity of the city s solution 175 Drinking water in Providence has been rated among the highest quality in the country 176 177 178 179 Police Edit The headquarters of the city s fire and police departments is a 130 000 square feet 12 000 m2 Public Safety Complex The building was dedicated in 2002 by former Mayor Vincent Cianci Jr 180 Providence Police Department operated on a 85 6 million budget in 2020 employing 453 officers 181 Sister cities EditProvidence has four sister cities 182 Praia Cape Verde 1994 Santo Domingo Dominican Republic 2004 Zhuhai China 2015 Guatemala City Guatemala 2016 See also Edit Rhode Island portal Cities portalList of people from Providence Rhode Island List of tallest buildings in Providence National Register of Historic Places listings in Providence Rhode IslandNotes Edit This motto may appear rhetorical but it was an earnest expression from the traditional account of Roger Williams arrival in Rhode Island with settlers William Harris John Smith Joshua Verin Thomas Angell and Francis Wickes 1 The party was greeted by a group of Narragansetts with the description of their exchange 2 Not far from that bridge over the Blackstone in a little cove is the famous Slate Rock on which it is said that Roger Williams first landed after his tedious and painful flight from the persecutions of his Massachusetts brethren As he approached the place he was saluted by some friendly Indians with the peaceful enquiry What Cheer netop netop meaning friend a phrase which they had acquired from their intercourse with the English and which was equivalent to the salutation How are you or What s the news It is this incident which is pictured upon the seal of the city of Providence Providence was listed as a town not a city by the US Census Bureau until the Census of 1840 because city status in the New England states is conferred by the form of government not by population Providence retained the title of ninth largest settlement until the Census of 1810 Mean monthly maxima and minima i e the expected highest and lowest temperature readings at any point during the year or given month calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020 Official records for Providence kept at downtown from November 1904 to May 1932 and at T F Green Airport since June 1932 66 a b From 15 sampleReferences Edit Bayles Richard M ed 1891 History of Providence County Rhode Island 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2018 Bank of America City Center providenceskating com Archived from the original on May 19 2007 Retrieved June 10 2007 Lisa Palmer Riverwalk amp Waterplace Park Great Public Spaces Project for Public Spaces Inc Archived from the original on March 19 2007 Retrieved June 10 2007 Stabile Lori November 20 2014 Providence Rink to become Alex and Ani City Center Providence Business News Archived from the original on November 5 2018 Retrieved February 14 2017 Providence Biltmore Hotel History Archived January 27 2017 at the Wayback Machine accessed January 21 2017 Who We Are New England Pest Control Archived from the original on June 7 2007 Retrieved June 10 2007 Roger Williams Park City of Providence Archived from the original on April 11 2012 Retrieved April 9 2012 Providence Reds A to Z Encyclopedia of Ice Hockey October 4 2005 Archived from the original on November 27 2005 Retrieved November 9 2005 Eisele Andrew 2007 Rocky Marciano About com Archived from the original on April 25 2020 Retrieved April 10 2020 About Our Project providencegrays org Archived from the original on September 27 2007 Retrieved June 10 2007 Boston Red Sox Providence Journal Archived from the original on June 15 2007 Retrieved June 10 2007 Katz Andy March 15 2013 What s next for the old Big East ESPN Archived from the original on November 11 2017 Retrieved July 1 2013 American Athletic Conference s new Irving headquarters in the works Dallas News March 11 2020 Archived from the original on April 26 2021 Retrieved April 26 2021 Providence Home Rule Charter Article II Charter of September 18 1980 PDF Providence City Council Providence Home Rule Charter Article IV Charter of September 18 1980 PDF Providence City Council Providence Colleges and Schools Citytowninfo com Retrieved September 13 2022 Colleges in Providence Rhode Island Student Population Comparison College Tuition Compare Retrieved September 13 2022 This figure is calculated as the sum of individually given figures from school websites see facts about Brown University Brown University Archived from the original on June 8 2007 Retrieved June 5 2007 General Information about CCRI Community College of Rhode Island Archived from the original on June 8 2007 Retrieved June 5 2007 Note exact figures for Providence Campuses were unavailable For this estimate two fifths of the total student body were approximated to go to two of the five campuses Johnson amp Wales Providence Johnson amp Wales University Archived from the original on June 8 2007 Retrieved June 5 2007 Providence College Fast Facts Providence College Archived from the original on June 8 2007 Retrieved June 5 2007 about RIC Rhode Island College Archived from the original on June 8 2007 Retrieved June 5 2007 RISD About RISD Rhode Island School of Design Archived from the original on June 8 2007 Retrieved June 5 2007 and About US University of Rhode Island Archived from the original on June 8 2007 Retrieved June 5 2007 America s Best Employers By State 2021 Forbes Retrieved August 6 2022 The Providence Public School District at a Glance PDF Providenceschools org Archived from the original PDF on November 28 2007 Retrieved June 11 2007 About CPS Community Preparatory School Archived from the original on September 27 2007 Retrieved June 10 2007 About the Student Body Providence Schools Archived from the original on February 4 2005 Retrieved June 10 2007 District Data District Data providenceschools org Retrieved August 7 2022 Manhattan Institute Education Working Paper Manhattan Institute Archived from the original on December 27 2008 Retrieved January 3 2009 About Rhode Island Hospital Lifespan Archived from the original on April 13 2012 Retrieved June 7 2011 T F Green Massport Archived from the original on June 29 2007 Retrieved June 5 2007 Providence Rhode Island PVD Amtrak Archived from the original on April 18 2020 Retrieved April 10 2020 Schedules amp Maps Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority Archived from the original on June 7 2011 Retrieved June 6 2011 RIAC breaks ground on Warwick Intermodal Facility Rhode Island Department of Transportation Archived from the original on October 2 2011 Retrieved June 6 2010 Amtrak Background Information Facts PDF Amtrak p 2 Archived from the original PDF on June 14 2007 Retrieved June 6 2007 Chapter 11 Commuter Rail PDF srpedd org p 2 Archived from the original PDF on June 14 2007 Retrieved June 6 2007 Relocating I 195 in Providence Rhode Island Department of Transportation 2007 Archived from the original on February 28 2009 Retrieved March 5 2009 FHWA Center for Innovative Finance Support Project Profiles fhwa dot gov Retrieved August 6 2022 Port of Providence pwrr com Archived from the original on April 26 2016 Retrieved May 15 2017 ProvPort provport com Archived from the original on June 16 2021 Retrieved October 18 2021 Facilities Overview ProvPort provport com Archived from the original on April 14 2021 Retrieved October 18 2021 Waterson Terminal Services LLC provport com Archived from the original on October 18 2021 Retrieved October 18 2021 Tickets Terminal Listings Peter Pan Bus Lines Archived from the original on May 9 2007 Retrieved June 5 2007 Greyhound Providence Rhode Island Greyhound Lines Inc Archived from the original on March 18 2015 Retrieved June 5 2007 RIPTA Rhode Island Public Transportation Authority Archived from the original on June 5 2007 Retrieved June 5 2007 RIPTA Accomplishments in FY2006 Rhode Island Public Transportation Authority Archived from the original on July 4 2007 Retrieved June 6 2007 25 943 883 boardings 365 days 71 079 daily Schedule amp Fares Between Providence amp Newport RI Archived from the original on August 21 2016 Retrieved July 7 2016 RIPTA Downtown Transit Connector ripta dtc com Archived from the original on May 29 2019 Retrieved May 29 2019 a b Curley Bob June 22 2017 Building a More Bikeable Providence Rhody Beat Archived from the original on May 22 2020 Retrieved May 22 2020 a b c Amaral Brian May 20 2020 Watchdog Team Company behind Jump bikes was stunned by level of vandalism in Providence The Providence Journal Archived from the original on May 21 2020 Retrieved May 21 2020 Spin launches electric bike share service in Providence WJAR Retrieved September 14 2022 List Madeline August 9 2019 21 9 million later pedestrian bridge opens in downtown Providence The Providence Journal Archived from the original on August 16 2019 Retrieved August 29 2019 City of Providence Unveils Final Great Streets Plan City of Providence City of Providence Archived from the original on August 10 2020 Retrieved May 21 2020 Providence Unveils Plan for Great Streets Eco RI News January 29 2020 Archived from the original on May 13 2020 Retrieved May 21 2020 Sherman Eli Multibillion dollar sale of National Grid s RI operations is official WPRI Retrieved November 5 2022 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint url status link McCormick Erin Andrade Kevin G July 20 2022 Revealed US cities refusing to replace toxic lead water pipes unless residents pay The Guardian Retrieved July 21 2022 Providence Water Introduction Providence Water Archived from the original on July 1 2007 Retrieved June 25 2007 Providence Water Watershed Providence Water Archived from the original on June 11 2007 Retrieved June 25 2007 Providence tap water ranks with the nation s best Providence Journal Archived from the original on March 30 2010 Retrieved July 6 2010 Cities with best and worst tap water Yahoo Archived from the original on July 26 2011 Retrieved June 7 2011 Federal Hill Public Safety Complex ProvidenceArchitecture org Brown University Archived from the original on November 25 2017 Retrieved August 29 2019 Amid calls to defund here s how Providence police spend 86 million WPRI com June 11 2020 Retrieved June 21 2022 Providence Gets Its Fifth Sister City But No One Knows for Sure GoLocal Prov October 13 2016 Archived from the original on June 23 2019 Retrieved June 21 2019 External links EditProvidence Rhode Island at Wikipedia s sister projects Definitions from Wiktionary Media from Commons News from Wikinews Quotations from Wikiquote Texts from Wikisource Textbooks from Wikibooks Travel information from Wikivoyage Resources from Wikiversity Official website of the City of Providence Rhode Island Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Providence Rhode Island amp oldid 1133814791, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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