A media market, broadcast market, media region, designated market area (DMA), television market area, or simply market is a region where the population can receive the same (or similar) television and radio station offerings, and may also include other types of media such as newspapers and internet content.[1] They can coincide or overlap with one or more metropolitan areas, though rural regions with few significant population centers can also be designated as markets. Conversely, very large metropolitan areas can sometimes be subdivided into multiple segments. Market regions may overlap, meaning that people residing on the edge of one media market may be able to receive content from other nearby markets. They are widely used in audience measurements, which are compiled in the United States by Nielsen Media Research. Nielsen measures both television and radio audiences since its acquisition of Arbitron, which was completed in September 2013.[2]
In the United States, radio markets are generally a bit smaller than their television counterparts, as broadcast power restrictions are stricter for radio than TV, and TV reaches further via cable. AM band and FM band radio ratings are sometimes separated, as are broadcast and cable television. Market researchers also subdivide ratings demographically between different age groups, genders, and ethnic backgrounds; as well as psychographically between income levels and other non-physical factors. This information is used by advertisers to determine how to reach a specific audience. In countries such as the United States, media regions are defined by a privately held institution, without government status; in countries such as the United Kingdom, government-run television stations map their own regions.[3]
A Television Market Area (TMA) is a group of counties in the United States covered by a specific group of television stations. The term is used by the U.S. Government's Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to regulate broadcast, cable, and satellite transmissions, according to the Code of Federal Regulations, at 47 CFR § 76.51 and FCC.gov. The TMAs not only have full control over local broadcasts, but also delineate which channels will be received by satellite or cable subscribers ("must-carry" rules). These market areas can also be used to define restrictions on rebroadcasting of broadcast television signals. Generally speaking, only stations within the same market area can be rebroadcast. The only exception to this rule is the "significantly viewed" list.[4] Virtually all of the United States is located within the boundaries of exactly one TMA.
A similar term used by Nielsen Media Research is the Designated Market Area (DMA), and they control the trademark on it. DMAs are used by Nielsen Media Research to identify TV stations that best reach an area and attract the most viewers. There are 210 Nielsen DMAs in the United States, 70 of which are metered (in other words, viewership in these markets are estimated automatically instead of through the archaic diary system still in use in the smaller markets).[5][6]
TMAs may cover a much larger area than the stations that serve it, especially since the digital television transition. This is particularly true in markets that have hilly or mountainous terrain that is ill-suited for digital broadcasting. In these cases, the outlying areas of a TMA may only be served by cable and satellite, or perhaps by small translators. (There are some cases, such as that of Olean, New York, where a sizable number of independent stations operate, but none carry any major network affiliation unless they operate as translators. Because of this, Olean is considered part of the Buffalo, New York market despite none of that city's major signals reaching the city from 70 miles away.) Conversely, a geographically small market such as Erie, Pennsylvania may have stations where their signal spills well over into neighboring TMAs (most of Chautauqua County, New York, is closer to Erie than Buffalo, but the county is also located within the Buffalo DMA).
Arbitron (now Nielsen Audio) also maintained similar areas for television ratings, each called an "area of dominant influence" (ADI), which were first created in 1966.[7] For the 1993-1994 television season, there were 209 ADIs in the continental United States.[8] Arbitron stopped offering a television ratings service in late 1993.[9]
Radio
Nielsen Audio (previously Arbitron) maintains smaller areas for radio stations; each is called an Arbitron Radio Metro. Whereas a typical TMA may cover ten counties, an Arbitron market generally covers two to four, and a TMA may contain two to four separate Radio Metros. There are 302 Radio Metros in the United States, but not all areas of the country are covered.
In 2009, Nielsen began offering radio ratings in competition with Arbitron, starting in those markets ranked 101st and smaller.[10]
^See the PDF's at . nielsen.com. Wayback Machine. Archived from the original on December 9, 2012. Retrieved January 11, 2013.
^See the 2017 map of Nielsen Designated Market Areas at "Nielsen 2017 Map" (PDF). Retrieved July 7, 2019.
^"ARB to be target" (PDF). Broadcasting. June 6, 1966. p. 65. Retrieved February 11, 2021.
^"Arbitron ADI Market Atlas" (PDF). Broadcasting & Cable Yearbook. 1994. p. C-123. Retrieved February 8, 2021 – via World Radio History.
^"Nielsen monopoly threatened in TV ratings field". UPI. February 4, 1994. Retrieved February 8, 2021.
^. Nielsen. Archived from the original on August 13, 2012. Retrieved June 25, 2013.
External links
FCC DTV coverage maps by location
Map of U.S. Radio Markets
March 19, 2023
media, market, confused, with, media, markt, media, region, redirects, here, region, north, western, iran, media, region, examples, perspective, this, article, deal, primarily, with, north, america, represent, worldwide, view, subject, improve, this, article, . Not to be confused with Media Markt Media region redirects here For the region of north western Iran see Media region The examples and perspective in this article deal primarily with North America and do not represent a worldwide view of the subject You may improve this article discuss the issue on the talk page or create a new article as appropriate October 2011 Learn how and when to remove this template message A media market broadcast market media region designated market area DMA television market area or simply market is a region where the population can receive the same or similar television and radio station offerings and may also include other types of media such as newspapers and internet content 1 They can coincide or overlap with one or more metropolitan areas though rural regions with few significant population centers can also be designated as markets Conversely very large metropolitan areas can sometimes be subdivided into multiple segments Market regions may overlap meaning that people residing on the edge of one media market may be able to receive content from other nearby markets They are widely used in audience measurements which are compiled in the United States by Nielsen Media Research Nielsen measures both television and radio audiences since its acquisition of Arbitron which was completed in September 2013 2 Markets are identified by the largest city which is usually located in the center of the market region However geography and the fact that some metropolitan areas have large cities separated by some distance can make markets have unusual shapes and result in two three or more names being used to identify a single region such as Wichita Hutchinson Kansas Chico Redding California Albany Schenectady Troy New York and Harrisburg Lebanon Lancaster York Pennsylvania In the United States radio markets are generally a bit smaller than their television counterparts as broadcast power restrictions are stricter for radio than TV and TV reaches further via cable AM band and FM band radio ratings are sometimes separated as are broadcast and cable television Market researchers also subdivide ratings demographically between different age groups genders and ethnic backgrounds as well as psychographically between income levels and other non physical factors This information is used by advertisers to determine how to reach a specific audience In countries such as the United States media regions are defined by a privately held institution without government status in countries such as the United Kingdom government run television stations map their own regions 3 Contents 1 United States 1 1 Television 1 2 Radio 2 See also 3 References 4 External linksUnited States EditTelevision Edit See also List of television stations in North America by media market Media Markets of the United States A Television Market Area TMA is a group of counties in the United States covered by a specific group of television stations The term is used by the U S Government s Federal Communications Commission FCC to regulate broadcast cable and satellite transmissions according to the Code of Federal Regulations at 47 CFR 76 51 and FCC gov The TMAs not only have full control over local broadcasts but also delineate which channels will be received by satellite or cable subscribers must carry rules These market areas can also be used to define restrictions on rebroadcasting of broadcast television signals Generally speaking only stations within the same market area can be rebroadcast The only exception to this rule is the significantly viewed list 4 Virtually all of the United States is located within the boundaries of exactly one TMA A similar term used by Nielsen Media Research is the Designated Market Area DMA and they control the trademark on it DMAs are used by Nielsen Media Research to identify TV stations that best reach an area and attract the most viewers There are 210 Nielsen DMAs in the United States 70 of which are metered in other words viewership in these markets are estimated automatically instead of through the archaic diary system still in use in the smaller markets 5 6 TMAs may cover a much larger area than the stations that serve it especially since the digital television transition This is particularly true in markets that have hilly or mountainous terrain that is ill suited for digital broadcasting In these cases the outlying areas of a TMA may only be served by cable and satellite or perhaps by small translators There are some cases such as that of Olean New York where a sizable number of independent stations operate but none carry any major network affiliation unless they operate as translators Because of this Olean is considered part of the Buffalo New York market despite none of that city s major signals reaching the city from 70 miles away Conversely a geographically small market such as Erie Pennsylvania may have stations where their signal spills well over into neighboring TMAs most of Chautauqua County New York is closer to Erie than Buffalo but the county is also located within the Buffalo DMA Arbitron now Nielsen Audio also maintained similar areas for television ratings each called an area of dominant influence ADI which were first created in 1966 7 For the 1993 1994 television season there were 209 ADIs in the continental United States 8 Arbitron stopped offering a television ratings service in late 1993 9 Radio Edit Nielsen Audio previously Arbitron maintains smaller areas for radio stations each is called an Arbitron Radio Metro Whereas a typical TMA may cover ten counties an Arbitron market generally covers two to four and a TMA may contain two to four separate Radio Metros There are 302 Radio Metros in the United States but not all areas of the country are covered In 2009 Nielsen began offering radio ratings in competition with Arbitron starting in those markets ranked 101st and smaller 10 See also EditSignificantly viewed out of market television stations in the United StatesReferences Edit What Is a Media Market with pictures Smart Capital Mind Retrieved December 5 2021 Nielsen Acquires Arbitron nielsen com Retrieved March 3 2018 Medhurst Jamie The Nations Retrieved February 12 2021 FCC gov See the PDF s at Television Measurement nielsen com Wayback Machine Archived from the original on December 9 2012 Retrieved January 11 2013 See the 2017 map of Nielsen Designated Market Areas at Nielsen 2017 Map PDF Retrieved July 7 2019 ARB to be target PDF Broadcasting June 6 1966 p 65 Retrieved February 11 2021 Arbitron ADI Market Atlas PDF Broadcasting amp Cable Yearbook 1994 p C 123 Retrieved February 8 2021 via World Radio History Nielsen monopoly threatened in TV ratings field UPI February 4 1994 Retrieved February 8 2021 Radio Measurement Radio Audience Nielsen Archived from the original on August 13 2012 Retrieved June 25 2013 External links EditFCC DTV coverage maps by location Map of U S Radio Markets Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Media market amp oldid 1144970265, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
