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Anthony Fauci

January 09, 2023

"Fauci" redirects here. For the 2021 documentary film, see Fauci (film). For other people sharing this surname, see Fauci (surname).

Anthony Stephen Fauci OMRI (/ˈfaʊtʃi/ FOW-chee; born December 24, 1940) is an American physician-scientist and immunologist who served as the director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) from 1984 to 2022, and the chief medical advisor to the president from 2021 to 2022.[4]

Anthony Fauci
OMRI
Fauci in 2020
2nd Chief Medical Advisor to the President
In office
January 20, 2021 – December 31, 2022[1]
PresidentJoe Biden
Preceded byRonny Jackson (2019)
5th Director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
In office
November 2, 1984 – December 31, 2022
DeputyJames Hill
John La Montagne
Hugh Auchincloss
Preceded byRichard M. Krause
Succeeded byHugh Auchincloss (acting)
Personal details
Born
Anthony Stephen Fauci

(1940-12-24) December 24, 1940 (age 82)
New York, New York, U.S.
Spouse
​
(m. 1985)​
Children3
Education
Awards
Websiteniaid.nih.gov/director
Scientific career
FieldsImmunology
InstitutionsNational Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Uniformed service
Allegiance United States
Service/branch U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps
Years of service1969–1996[2]
Rank Rear Admiral[3]

As a physician with the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Fauci has served the American public health sector in various capacities for more than fifty years and has acted as an advisor to every U.S. president since Ronald Reagan.[5] He has been director of the NIAID since 1984 and has made contributions to HIV/AIDS research and other immunodeficiency diseases, both as a research scientist and as the head of the NIAID.[6] From 1983 to 2002, Fauci was one of the world's most frequently cited scientists across all scientific journals.[6][7] In 2008, President George W. Bush awarded him the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian award in the United States, for his work on the AIDS relief program PEPFAR.[8]

During the COVID-19 pandemic, he served under President Donald Trump as one of the lead members of the White House Coronavirus Task Force. Fauci's advice was frequently contradicted by Trump, and Trump's supporters alleged that Fauci was trying to politically undermine Trump's run for reelection. After Joe Biden took office, Fauci began serving as one of the lead members of the White House COVID-19 Response Team and as Biden's chief medical advisor.[9][10]

On August 22, 2022, Fauci announced that he would step down from government service in December.[11] Fauci stepped down on December 31.[12]

Early life and education

Anthony Fauci was born on December 24, 1940, in Brooklyn, New York City, to Eugenia Lillian (née Abys; 1909–1965) and Stephen A. Fauci (1910–2008) and is the youngest of two children born to both parents. His father was a Columbia University-educated pharmacist who owned his pharmacy. Fauci's mother and sister worked the pharmacy's register, and Fauci delivered prescriptions and also worked the register. Fauci's mother also worked at a dry cleaner. The pharmacy was located in the Dyker Heights section of Brooklyn, directly beneath the family apartment, previously in the Bensonhurst neighborhood.[13][14][15] When he was a child, Fauci developed a fascination with World War II,[14] and played basketball and baseball during his spare time.[15]

Fauci's grandparents immigrated to the United States from Italy in the late 19th century. His paternal grandparents, Antonino Fauci and Calogera Guardino, were from Sciacca, and his maternal grandparents were from Naples. His maternal grandmother Raffaella Trematerra was a seamstress, and his maternal grandfather Giovanni Abys was a Swiss-born artist noted for his landscape and portrait painting, magazine illustrations in Italy, as well as graphic design for commercial labels, including olive oil cans. Fauci grew up Catholic,[13][16] but now considers himself a humanist, stating that he thinks "that there are a lot of things about organized religion that are unfortunate, and [that he tends] to like to stay away from it."[17] In 2021, he was named Humanist of the Year by the American Humanist Association.[18]

Fauci attended Regis High School, a private Jesuit school in Manhattan's Upper East Side, where he captained the school's basketball team despite standing only 5 ft 7 in (1.70 m) tall.[6][19][20] Jesuit's philosophy of "to be men for others" would have a lasting impact on Fauci.[15] He decided halfway through high school to become a physician.[14] After graduating in 1958, Fauci attended the College of the Holy Cross, graduating in 1962 with a Bachelor of Arts degree in classics with a pre-med track. Fauci then attended Cornell University's Medical College (now Weill Cornell Medicine), graduating with a Doctor of Medicine degree in 1966 ranked first in his class.[13] At Cornell, he focused on adult internal medicine, mainly infectious diseases and the immune system.[14] Fauci then did an internship and residency in internal medicine at New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center (now Weill Cornell Medical Center).[6]

Career

Fauci discusses his work in 2020 (four minutes)

After completing his medical residency in 1968, Fauci joined the National Institutes of Health (NIH) as a clinical associate in the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases's (NIAID) Laboratory of Clinical Investigation (LCI).[21] He became head of the LCI's Clinical Physiology Section in 1974, and in 1980 was appointed chief of the NIAID's Laboratory of Immunoregulation. He became director of the NIAID in 1984, a position he still holds.[22] Fauci has been offered the position of director of the NIH several times, but has declined each time.[23]

Fauci has been at the forefront of U.S. efforts to contend with viral diseases like HIV/AIDS, SARS, the Swine flu, MERS, Ebola, and COVID-19. He played a significant role in the early 2000s in creating the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR)[24] and in driving development of biodefense drugs and vaccines following the 9/11 terrorist attacks.[25]

Fauci has been a visiting professor at many medical centers and has received numerous honorary doctorates from universities in the U.S. and abroad.[26]

Medical achievements

 
President Bill Clinton visits the NIH in 1995 and hears about the latest advances in HIV/AIDS research from Fauci.

Fauci has made important scientific observations that contributed to the understanding of the regulation of the human immune response and is recognized for delineating the mechanisms whereby immunosuppressive agents adapt to that response. He developed therapies for formerly fatal diseases such as polyarteritis nodosa, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, and lymphomatoid granulomatosis. In a 1985 Stanford University Arthritis Center Survey, members of the American Rheumatism Association ranked Fauci's work on the treatment of polyarteritis nodosa and granulomatosis with polyangiitis as one of the most important advances in patient management in rheumatology over the previous 20 years.[26][27][28]

Fauci discovered how to re-dose cancer drugs in a way that turned a 98 percent mortality rate of the disorder vasculitis into a 93 percent remission rate.[14]

 
President Barack Obama greets Fauci in June 2014.

Fauci has contributed to the understanding of how HIV destroys the body's natural defense system, progressing to AIDS. He has outlined the mechanisms of induction of HIV expression by endogenous cytokines.[28] Fauci has worked to develop strategies for the therapy and immune reconstitution of patients with the disease, as well as for a vaccine to prevent HIV infection. His current research is concentrated on identifying the nature of the immunopathogenic mechanisms of HIV infection and the scope of the body's immune responses to HIV.

In 2003, the Institute for Scientific Information stated that from 1983 to 2002, "Fauci was the 13th most-cited scientist among the 2.5 to 3.0 million authors in all disciplines throughout the world who published articles in scientific journals."[6] As a government scientist under seven presidents, Fauci has been described as "a consistent spokesperson for science, a person who more than any other figure has brokered a generational peace" between the two worlds of science and politics.[19]

HIV/AIDS epidemic

 
Fauci in 1984

In a 2020 interview with The Guardian, Fauci remarked, "My career and my identity has really been defined by HIV."[29] He was one of the leading researchers during the AIDS epidemic in the early 1980s.[30] In 1981, he and his team of researchers began looking for a vaccine or treatment for this novel virus, though they would meet a number of obstacles.[31] In October 1988, protesters came to the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Fauci, who had become the institute's director in 1984, bore the brunt of the anger from the LGBTQ+ community who were largely ignored by the government.[32][33]

Leading AIDS activist Larry Kramer attacked Fauci relentlessly in the media.[34] He called him an "incompetent idiot" and a "pill-pushing" tool of the medical establishment. Fauci did not have control over drug approval though many people felt he was not doing enough. Fauci did make an effort in the late 1980s to reach out to the LGBTQ+ community in New York and San Francisco to find ways he and the NIAID could find a solution.[32] Fauci was also praised for engaging with AIDS advocates, and he helped to make experimental AIDS treatments more accessible.[15] Though Fauci was initially admonished for his treatment of the AIDS epidemic, his work in the community was eventually acknowledged. Kramer, who had spent years hating Fauci for his treatment of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, eventually called him "the only true and great hero" among government officials during the AIDS crisis.[35][32]

Fauci was criticized over what some said was a delayed response from the U.S. government to the HIV/AIDS epidemic, including delays in the promotion of experimental HIV/AIDS drugs.[15] In 2014, Sean Strub of HuffPost criticized Fauci for "delaying promotion of an AIDS treatment that would have prevented tens of thousands of deaths in the first years of the epidemic" and accused him of "rewriting history."[36]

Political commentator Helen Andrews defended Fauci's actions during the epidemic in a 2021 article, writing:

The idea that Fauci was "wrong" about A.I.D.S., which some of his contemporary opponents repeat, is unfair. His most notorious error was a 1983 paper suggesting "routine close contact, as within a family household," might spread the disease, but it was an understandable mistake given what was known at the time and he corrected it within a year, lightning speed by the standards of academic publishing. He behaved more responsibly than some of his peers when it came to speculating about a heterosexual A.I.D.S. epidemic around the corner. He was not one of the hysteria-mongers—though he did benefit from the hysteria when negotiating budgets with Congress.[37]

Fauci was the main architect of President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), an HIV/AIDS program responsible for saving over 20 million lives in the developing world.[15][38]

2009 swine flu pandemic

In a meeting with reporters on September 17, 2009, Fauci predicted that the H1N1 virus causing the 2009 swine flu pandemic could infect as many as one in three Americans, more than the amount of Americans usually infected by the seasonal flu.[39]

Ebola congressional hearing

See also: Ebola virus cases in the United States

On October 16, 2014, in a United States congressional hearing regarding the Ebola virus crisis, Fauci, who, as the director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) had been discussing the importance of screening for weeks,[40] testified that NIAID was still some distance away from producing sufficient quantities of cures or vaccines for widespread trials.[41] Specifically, Fauci said, "While NIAID is an active participant in the global effort to address the public health emergency occurring in west Africa, it is important to recognize that we are still in the early stages of understanding how infection with the Ebola virus can be treated and prevented."[41]

Fauci also remarked in the hearing: "As we continue to expedite research while enforcing high safety and efficacy standards, the implementation of the public health measures already known to contain prior Ebola virus outbreaks and the implementation of treatment strategies such as fluid and electrolyte replacement is essential to preventing additional infections, treating those already infected, protecting healthcare providers, and ultimately bringing this epidemic to an end."[41]

COVID-19 pandemic

See also: COVID-19 pandemic in the United States

According to The Washington Post, prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, Fauci was "mostly unknown outside the medical community".[14]

Trump administration

 
Fauci speaks to the White House press corps on COVID-19 in April 2020, watched by President Donald Trump (left) and Vice President Mike Pence (right).

Fauci had not met with Trump until three years after he was inaugurated as president.[14]

Fauci was a member of the White House Coronavirus Task Force established in late January 2020, under President Donald Trump, to deal with the COVID-19 pandemic.[42][43] He became a de facto public health spokesperson for the office of the president during the pandemic,[44][45] and a strong advocate for ongoing social distancing efforts in the United States.[46]

In interviews on January 21, January 26, and February 17, Fauci commented on COVID-19. He said that at the time of the interviews ("right now"), COVID-19 was not a "major threat" to the American public, with the risk to the American public being "low", but that it was "an evolving situation", and that "public health officials need to take [COVID-19] very seriously".[47][48] In the latter interview, Fauci said that COVID-19 could become a "global pandemic which would then have significant implications for" the United States.[48]

In March 2020, he predicted that the infection fatality rate would likely be close to 1%, which was ten times more severe than the 0.1% reported rate for seasonal flu.[49]

In a March 8, 2020, interview, Fauci stated that "right now in the United States, people [who are not infected] should not be walking around with masks", but "if you want to do it, that's fine".[50][51] In the same interview, Fauci said that buying masks "could lead to a shortage of masks for the people who really need" them: "When you think masks, you should think of healthcare providers needing them".[50][52] When Fauci made this comment, America's top surgical mask maker was struggling to produce enough masks to meet the increased demand.[52] On April 3, the CDC reversed course, quoting recent studies that showed asymptomatic transmission of the virus, thus advocating for the public to wear non-surgical masks to reduce community transmission while Fauci advocated for wearing facial coverings in public.[51] Fauci's shifting advice on wearing face masks drew criticism, which Fauci responded to by arguing that changes in policy were necessary as scientists learned more about COVID-19.[15]

In mid-April, when asked about social distancing and stay-at-home measures, Fauci said that if the administration had "started mitigation earlier" more lives could have been saved, and "no one is going to deny that." He added that the decision-making for implementing mitigation measures was "complicated", and "there was a lot of pushback about shutting things down back then."[53]

Fauci's comments were met with a hostile response from former Republican congressional candidate DeAnna Lorraine. Trump retweeted Lorraine's response, which included the call to "#FireFauci", drawing public alarm.[54] "Fire Fauci" has also been chanted by anti-lockdown protesters in various locations, including Florida and Texas.[55] As a result, the White House denied that Trump was firing Fauci, and blamed the media for overreacting.[56][57]

Due to Trump's opposition to CDC mask wearing guidelines and social distancing measures, which Fauci advocated, Fauci was criticized by right-wing pundits and received death threats that necessitated a security detail.[58][59][60] In an interview with 60 Minutes in 2020, he mentioned that other members of his family, including his wife and daughters, had been repeatedly harassed since the pandemic began.[61]

 
Fauci receives his first dose of the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine, in December 2020, at a NIH vaccination event.

In June 2020, Fauci said that he was "very concerned" that the ongoing protests against police brutality would cause "surges" in COVID-19 cases, stating that the "large crowds" are a "perfect set-up" for the virus to spread.[62] In July 2020, Fauci advised the public to "avoid crowds of any type".[63]

On July 6, 2020, Fauci spoke on a Facebook livestream, offering his opinion that the country's situation pertaining to COVID-19 "is really not good", pointing to more than 55,000 new cases on July 4, 2020. He said the United States was "still knee-deep in the first wave" of cases, and was experiencing a "resurgence of infections".[64] On July 7, 2020, during a press conference, Fauci stated that it was a "false narrative to take comfort in a lower rate of death" for COVID-19 in the country: "There's so many other things that are very dangerous and bad about this virus, don't get yourself into false complacency." Both Trump and the White House had cited the falling death rate as proof of success of the Trump administration's response.[65] After this appearance by Fauci, the White House cancelled three media appearances that had been scheduled for him later that week.[66] On July 7, 2020, Trump contradicted Fauci's comments describing a dire situation in the country, with Trump saying: "I think we are in a good place. I disagree with [Fauci]."[67] While there were disagreements, Trump also at times praised Fauci.[68][69][70]

On July 9, 2020, Trump publicly claimed that Fauci "made a lot of mistakes".[66][71][72] By July 12, 2020, a White House official told media outlets that "several White House officials are concerned about the number of times Dr. Fauci has been wrong on things", passing to the media a list of purported mistakes made by Fauci during the outbreak.[66][71] One of the supposed mistakes highlighted was Fauci's February 29, 2020, statement in an interview that "at this moment, there is no need to change anything that you're doing on a day-by-day basis." However, the White House list neglected to mention that in that same interview, Fauci had stated that the risk could change, "when you start to see community spread", and that the disease could morph into "a major outbreak" in the country.[73]

As late as September 23, 2020, when U.S. coronavirus fatalities exceeded 200,000, conservatives continued to question Fauci's and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) recommendations for responding to the pandemic. In a hearing before the Senate's Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Committee,[74] Kentucky's Senator Rand Paul asked him if he had "second thoughts" about his mitigation recommendations, including keeping six feet of distance from others and mask-wearing, claiming, "our death rate is essentially worse than Sweden's." Fauci stood by the guidelines, indicating Sweden's fatality rate exceeded those of other Scandinavian countries, and said the comparison between Sweden and the U.S. was not legitimate. Fauci said the recommendations remained valid. After Paul then asserted New York's high fatality rate showed that mitigation efforts were insufficient, Fauci replied, "You've misconstrued that, Senator, and you've done that repetitively in the past." Fauci explained further that New York State had succeeded in getting the virus under control by following the CDC's clinical guidelines.[75] Paul had made numerous claims about herd immunity, Sweden's interventions to combat the pandemic, the contention that the populations of Asian countries have greater resilience against COVID-19, and statements about death rates due to the virus.[74] Fauci would have several intense exchanges with Paul.[15]

In October 2020, Fauci objected after his words, "I can't imagine that anybody could be doing more" were featured in an advertisement from the Trump campaign touting Trump's handling of the pandemic. Fauci said he did not consent to the ad, his words were taken out of context (he was actually referring to how hard the Coronavirus Task Force was working),[76] and he had never made a political endorsement in his career.[77]

Also, in October, Fauci criticized the Great Barrington Declaration's "focused protection" herd immunity strategy, calling it "ridiculous", "total nonsense" and "very dangerous", saying that it would lead to a large number of avoidable deaths.[78][79][80] Fauci said that 30 percent of the population had underlying health conditions that made them vulnerable to the virus and that "older adults, even those who are otherwise healthy, are far more likely than young adults to become seriously ill if they get COVID-19."[79] He added, "This idea that we have the power to protect the vulnerable is total nonsense because history has shown that that's not the case. And if you talk to anybody who has any experience in epidemiology and infectious diseases, they will tell you that that is risky, and you'll wind up with many more infections of vulnerable people, which will lead to hospitalizations and deaths. So I think that we just got to look that square in the eye and say it's nonsense."[79]

On October 18, 2020, Fauci mentioned that he "wasn't surprised" Donald Trump contracted COVID-19.[61] The next day, during a presidential call, Trump called Fauci "a disaster" and said that "people are tired of COVID."[81] During a campaign rally in Phoenix, Arizona, on October 19, Trump launched attacks on his political rival Joe Biden, saying that Biden "wants to listen to Dr. Fauci" regarding the handling of the pandemic, upon which Biden merely replied "Yes" on Twitter.[82] On October 31, The Washington Post published an extensive interview with Fauci, in which he voiced a candid assessment of the administration's COVID-19 policies and was critical of the influence of presidential advisor Scott Atlas.[83]

Shortly after midnight on November 2, 2020, Trump insinuated he would fire Fauci "after the election" while on stage at a campaign rally at Miami-Opa Locka Executive Airport in Opa-locka, Florida. At the rally, he made false claims that the pandemic was "rounding the turn" and was met by audience chants of "Fire Fauci!", to which he responded, "Don't tell anybody, but let me wait until after the election ... I appreciate the advice."[84][85] Despite the rhetoric, Fauci was not fired.

On December 2, the United Kingdom became the first western country to license a vaccine against the coronavirus (Pfizer-BioNTech). In response, Fauci said that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) was proceeding "the correct way"[86] and said the U.K. "really rushed through that approval".[87] The next day Fauci apologized, telling the BBC "I have a great deal of confidence in what the U.K. does both scientifically and from a regulator standpoint. Our process is one that takes more time than it takes in the U.K. ... I did not mean to imply any sloppiness even though it came out that way."[88]

On January 3, 2021, President Trump tweeted, "The number of cases and deaths of the China Virus is far exaggerated in the United States because of [the CDC's] ridiculous method of determination compared to other countries".[89] That same morning, Fauci responded in an interview on NBC's Meet the Press, "The numbers are real. We have well over 300,000 deaths. We are averaging two- to three thousand deaths per day. All you need to do ... is go into the trenches, go into the hospitals, go into the intensive care units and see what is happening. Those are real numbers, real people, and real deaths."[90]

When asked if the 2021 United States Capitol attack was a COVID-19 superspreader event, Fauci stated: "I think for those people there, they probably put themselves at an increased risk because they essentially did not adhere to the fundamentals of public health and COVID-19 context which is universal wearing of masks, keeping physical distance, avoiding crowds in congregate settings. The fact that it was outdoors is a little bit better than if they were indoors completely. But you can still have a super spreader situation when you do things in a crowded way."[91]

On January 23, 2021, Fauci was quoted saying that letting the science speak on the pandemic got him "into a little bit of trouble" and got "push-back from people in the White House, including the president", during the Trump administration. Fauci was also reportedly blocked from appearing on The Rachel Maddow Show for some time because the Trump administration "didn't like the way [Maddow handles] things and they didn't want me on [the show]."[92]

Biden administration

 
Fauci and President Joe Biden in February 2021

On December 3, 2020, President-elect Joe Biden asked Fauci, in addition to remaining in his role as director of the NIAID, to serve as the chief medical advisor to the president in the Biden administration.[93][94] Fauci accepted the offer.[95]

After the inauguration of Joe Biden in January 2021, Fauci said he experienced a "liberating feeling" in being able to speak freely about science without interference from the new administration. He pictured Biden's administration as committed to being "completely transparent, open and honest".[96] Fauci was involved in the development of the Biden administration's plan for a nationwide COVID-19 vaccine rollout.[15]

In early April 2021, Fauci said of the current situation in the United States that "It's almost a race between getting people vaccinated and this surge that seems to want to increase".[97]

In early May 2021, when asked if the CDC's summer camp guidance was excessive, Fauci responded by saying that "I wouldn't call them excessive, but they certainly are conservative" and added that the guidance "looks a bit strict" and "a bit stringent".[98] Also in early May, Fauci said that he is "not convinced" that COVID-19 originated naturally and that "we should continue to investigate what went on in China until we continue to find out to the best of our ability what happened".[99] In mid-May 2021, Fauci said that Americans who are fully vaccinated against COVID-19 no longer need to wear masks outdoors, except for in "completely crowded situations".[100] This guidance was updated in July 2021 to recommend that all people wear masks regardless of vaccination status, in what Fauci said was due to the much more contagious Delta variant.[101]

 
Fauci speaks at the National Cathedral for an interfaith vaccine confidence event.[102]

In May 2021, Fauci denied that the National Institutes of Health supported "gain-of-function research" at the Wuhan Institute of Virology.[103]

In early June 2021, over 3,000 internal government emails sent by Fauci from January to June 2020 were obtained by media outlets through Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests. These emails contain information about how the United States and Fauci initially responded to COVID-19.[104][105]

On June 22, 2021, Fauci said that the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant is the "greatest threat" to eliminating COVID-19 in the United States.[106]

In December 2021, Fauci, along with virologist Jeffery K. Taubenberger and David M. Morens endorsed the development of a universal coronavirus vaccine, advocating in favor of "an international collaborative effort to extensively sample coronaviruses from bats as well as wild and farmed animals to help understand the full "universe" of existing and emerging coronaviruses."[107][108][109]

In February 2022, Fauci told the Financial Times that "As we get out of the full-blown pandemic phase of Covid-19, which we are certainly heading out of, these decisions will increasingly be made on a local level rather than centrally decided or mandated. There will also be more people making their own decisions on how they want to deal with the virus."[110]

In March 2022, Fauci said that the United States should expect an increase in COVID-19 cases from the BA.2 subvariant of Omicron, but that it might not lead to a severe increase in hospitalizations and deaths.[111]

On April 27, 2022, Fauci said that the United States was "out of the full-blown explosive pandemic phase" of COVID-19.[112]

On May 15, 2022, Fauci said that he would resign if Donald Trump wins the 2024 U.S. presidential election.[113] In a July 2022 interview with Politico, Fauci had been reported to be "leaving by the end of President Joe Biden's term", though he later clarified he may step down from his role as NIAID director. Fauci also told Politico he is seeking to "help repair the widespread partisan polarization that has divided the nation and politicized science".[114] On August 22, 2022, Fauci announced that he will step down from his position in December "to pursue the next chapter" of his career.[115] He stepped down from his position on December 31 of that same year.[116]

Cultural impact

Owing to his prominent role in the United States response to numerous global pandemics, most notably HIV/AIDS and COVID-19, Fauci has become the subject of tributes and interpretations across various media, including television, literature, merchandising, and internet memes.[117][118] Brad Pitt's performance as Fauci during the 2020 season of Saturday Night Live earned the actor an Emmy nomination, and praise from Fauci.[119] Author Sally Quinn has credited Fauci as the inspiration for the love interest to the protagonist in her bestselling 1991 romance novel Happy Endings.[120] Larry Kramer based the character Dr. Anthony Della Vida on Fauci in his play The Destiny of Me.[121]

In the spring of 2020 amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, bakeries across the United States began selling pastries, particularly donuts, with Fauci's face on them to pay tribute to his work in the public health sector.[122]

In September 2021, Fauci, a documentary film about Fauci's life and career, was released by Magnolia Pictures.[123] The film was produced by National Geographic Documentary Films.[124]

In 2021, anti-vaccine activist Robert F. Kennedy Jr. released the book The Real Anthony Fauci: Bill Gates, Big Pharma, and the Global War on Democracy and Public Health. In response, Fauci described the author as "a very disturbed individual".[125]

Personal life

Fauci has lived in the same house since 1977.[14] In 1985, Fauci married Christine Grady, a nurse and bioethicist with the NIH, after they met while treating a patient.[126] Grady is chief of the Department of Bioethics at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center.[65] Together they have three adult daughters.[127]

On June 15, 2022, Fauci tested positive for COVID-19, experiencing mild symptoms. He is fully vaccinated and has received two booster shots.[128]

Fauci makes $480,654 annually working for the NIAID, making him the highest paid U.S. government employee.[14]

Fauci says he is an independent nonpartisan and his voter registration shows that he is not affiliated with any political party, although he still votes.[14] Prior to 2020, he had positive relationships with both Democrats and Republicans and considered George W. Bush a close friend: "Obviously there's been appropriate controversy regarding decisions regarding Iraq, but his moral compass about health equity is very strong."[14] Fauci has specifically praised Bush's work to combat HIV/AIDS through PEPFAR, a global health initiative credited with saving over 20 million lives as of 2021[38] primarily in Sub-Saharan Africa. According to Fauci, "[Bush's] exact words to me were, 'We have a moral responsibility as a rich nation to not have people suffer and die merely because of where they live and the circumstances in which they were born'".[14] Former CDC director and CEO of Resolve to Save Lives, Tom Frieden, said that "I have no idea what his politics are. Reagan and both Bushes liked him. Clinton and Obama liked him".[129]

Memberships

Fauci is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the National Academy of Medicine, the American Philosophical Society,[130] and the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters, as well as other numerous professional societies including the American Society for Clinical Investigation, the Infectious Diseases Society of America, and the American Association of Immunologists. He serves on the editorial boards of many scientific journals, and as an author, coauthor, or editor of more than 1,000 scientific publications, including several textbooks.[131] On March 23, 2021, Fauci was admitted as an honorary fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland.[132]

Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine

Fauci has served as one of the principal editors of Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, named on the front cover, from the 11th edition published in 1986,[133] and on through the 12th, 13th,[134] 14th,[135] 15th,[136] 16th,[137] 17th,[138] 18th, 19th,[139] 20th version, and latest (at the time of writing) 21st edition,[140] published in 2022. He was the editor-in-chief of the 14th and 17th editions.[140]

Awards and honors

 
Ben Carson and Anthony Fauci (right) being announced as recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President George W. Bush at the White House on June 19, 2008

In addition to receiving an honorary degree in 2015, Fauci was invited to deliver guest remarks on May 21, 2020, for the Johns Hopkins University Class of 2020.[180] Other notable guest speakers during the virtual ceremony included Reddit co-founder and commencement speaker Alexis Ohanian; and philanthropist and former New York City mayor Michael R. Bloomberg.[181] The College of the Holy Cross renamed its science complex the Anthony S. Fauci Integrated Science Complex on June 11, 2022.[182]

Selected works and publications

External video
  "The Promise and Peril of DNA Research" (interview). Think Tank with Ben Wattenberg, March 5, 1998.
 
Scholia has an author profile for Anthony Fauci.
  • Fauci, Anthony S.; Dale, David C.; Balow, James E. (March 1976). "Glucocorticosteroid Therapy: Mechanisms of Action and Clinical Considerations". Annals of Internal Medicine. 84 (3): 304–15. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-84-3-304. PMID 769625.   Wikidata ()
  • Fauci, Anthony S.; Haynes, Barton F.; Katz, Paul (November 1, 1978). "The Spectrum of Vasculitis: Clinical, Pathologic, Immunologic, and Therapeutic Considerations". Annals of Internal Medicine. 89 (5_Part_1): 660–76. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-89-5-660. PMID 31121.   Wikidata ()
  • Fauci, Anthony S.; Haynes, Barton F.; Katz, Paul; Wolff, Sheldon M. (January 1983). "Wegener's Granulomatosis: Prospective Clinical and Therapeutic Experience With 85 Patients for 21 Years". Annals of Internal Medicine. 98 (1): 76–85. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-98-1-76. PMID 6336643.   Wikidata ()
  • Fauci, Anthony S.; Macher, Abe M.; Longo, Dan L.; Lane, H. Clifford; Rook, Alain H.; Masur, Henry; Gelmann, Edward P. (January 1984). "Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome: Epidemiologic, Clinical, Immunologic, and Therapeutic Considerations". Annals of Internal Medicine. 100 (1): 92–106. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-100-1-92. PMID 6318629.   Wikidata ()
  • Fauci, AS (February 5, 1988). "The human immunodeficiency virus: infectivity and mechanisms of pathogenesis". Science. 239 (4840): 617–622. Bibcode:1988Sci...239..617F. doi:10.1126/science.3277274. PMID 3277274.   Wikidata ()
  • Pantaleo, Giuseppe; Graziosi, Cecilia; Fauci, Anthony S. (February 4, 1993). "The Immunopathogenesis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection". New England Journal of Medicine. 328 (5): 327–335. doi:10.1056/NEJM199302043280508. PMID 8093551.   Wikidata ()
  • Fauci, Anthony S. (December 1996). "Host factors and the pathogenesis of HIV-induced disease". Nature. 384 (6609): 529–534. Bibcode:1996Natur.384..529F. doi:10.1038/384529A0. PMID 8955267. S2CID 4370482.   Wikidata ()
  • Morens, David M.; Folkers, Gregory K.; Fauci, Anthony S. (July 8, 2004). "The challenge of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases". Nature. 430 (6996): 242–249. Bibcode:2004Natur.430..242M. doi:10.1038/nature02759. PMC 7094993. PMID 15241422.   Wikidata ()
  • Morens, David M.; Fauci, Anthony S. (April 2007). "The 1918 Influenza Pandemic: Insights for the 21st Century". The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 195 (7): 1018–1028. doi:10.1086/511989. PMID 17330793.   Wikidata ()
  • Johnston, Margaret I.; Fauci, Anthony S. (August 28, 2008). "An HIV Vaccine – Challenges and Prospects". New England Journal of Medicine. 359 (9): 888–890. doi:10.1056/NEJMp0806162. PMID 18753644.  Wikidata ()
  • Fauci, Anthony S.; Harrison, Ross, eds. (2008). Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine (17th ed.). McGraw-Hill Medical. ISBN 978-0-07-159991-7. OCLC 1109159992.
  • Fauci, Anthony S.; Lane, H. Clifford; Redfield, Robert R. (March 26, 2020). "Covid-19 – Navigating the Uncharted". New England Journal of Medicine. 382 (13): 1268–1269. doi:10.1056/NEJMe2002387. PMC 7121221. PMID 32109011.

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Further reading

  • Unger, Donald N.S., "I Saw People Who Were In Pain", Holy Cross Magazine, College of the Holy Cross, v. 36, n. 3, Summer 2002 issue. Front cover and pp. 10–19. ()

External links

 
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Government offices
Preceded by 5th Director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
1984–2022 		Vacant
Vacant
Title last held by
Ronny Jackson (2019) 		2nd Chief Medical Advisor to the President
2021–2022
Served under: Joe Biden

January 09, 2023
anthony, fauci, fauci, redirects, here, 2021, documentary, film, fauci, film, other, people, sharing, this, surname, fauci, surname, anthony, stephen, fauci, omri, chee, born, december, 1940, american, physician, scientist, immunologist, served, director, nati. Fauci redirects here For the 2021 documentary film see Fauci film For other people sharing this surname see Fauci surname Anthony Stephen Fauci OMRI ˈ f aʊ tʃ i FOW chee born December 24 1940 is an American physician scientist and immunologist who served as the director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases NIAID from 1984 to 2022 and the chief medical advisor to the president from 2021 to 2022 4 Anthony FauciOMRIFauci in 20202nd Chief Medical Advisor to the PresidentIn office January 20 2021 December 31 2022 1 PresidentJoe BidenPreceded byRonny Jackson 2019 5th Director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesIn office November 2 1984 December 31 2022DeputyJames Hill John La Montagne Hugh AuchinclossPreceded byRichard M KrauseSucceeded byHugh Auchincloss acting Personal detailsBornAnthony Stephen Fauci 1940 12 24 December 24 1940 age 82 New York New York U S SpouseChristine Grady m 1985 wbr Children3EducationCollege of the Holy Cross BA Cornell University MD AwardsMaxwell Finland Award 1989 Ernst Jung Prize 1995 Lasker Award 2007 Presidential Medal of Freedom 2008 Robert Koch Prize Gold 2013 Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic 2020 Public Welfare Medal 2021 Dan David Prize 2021 Websiteniaid nih gov directorScientific careerFieldsImmunologyInstitutionsNational Institutes of Health National Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesUniformed serviceAllegiance United StatesService wbr branchU S Public Health Service Commissioned CorpsYears of service1969 1996 2 RankRear Admiral 3 As a physician with the National Institutes of Health NIH Fauci has served the American public health sector in various capacities for more than fifty years and has acted as an advisor to every U S president since Ronald Reagan 5 He has been director of the NIAID since 1984 and has made contributions to HIV AIDS research and other immunodeficiency diseases both as a research scientist and as the head of the NIAID 6 From 1983 to 2002 Fauci was one of the world s most frequently cited scientists across all scientific journals 6 7 In 2008 President George W Bush awarded him the Presidential Medal of Freedom the highest civilian award in the United States for his work on the AIDS relief program PEPFAR 8 During the COVID 19 pandemic he served under President Donald Trump as one of the lead members of the White House Coronavirus Task Force Fauci s advice was frequently contradicted by Trump and Trump s supporters alleged that Fauci was trying to politically undermine Trump s run for reelection After Joe Biden took office Fauci began serving as one of the lead members of the White House COVID 19 Response Team and as Biden s chief medical advisor 9 10 On August 22 2022 Fauci announced that he would step down from government service in December 11 Fauci stepped down on December 31 12 Contents 1 Early life and education 2 Career 2 1 Medical achievements 2 2 HIV AIDS epidemic 2 3 2009 swine flu pandemic 2 4 Ebola congressional hearing 2 5 COVID 19 pandemic 2 5 1 Trump administration 2 5 2 Biden administration 3 Cultural impact 4 Personal life 5 Memberships 5 1 Harrison s Principles of Internal Medicine 6 Awards and honors 7 Selected works and publications 8 References 9 Further reading 10 External linksEarly life and educationAnthony Fauci was born on December 24 1940 in Brooklyn New York City to Eugenia Lillian nee Abys 1909 1965 and Stephen A Fauci 1910 2008 and is the youngest of two children born to both parents His father was a Columbia University educated pharmacist who owned his pharmacy Fauci s mother and sister worked the pharmacy s register and Fauci delivered prescriptions and also worked the register Fauci s mother also worked at a dry cleaner The pharmacy was located in the Dyker Heights section of Brooklyn directly beneath the family apartment previously in the Bensonhurst neighborhood 13 14 15 When he was a child Fauci developed a fascination with World War II 14 and played basketball and baseball during his spare time 15 Fauci s grandparents immigrated to the United States from Italy in the late 19th century His paternal grandparents Antonino Fauci and Calogera Guardino were from Sciacca and his maternal grandparents were from Naples His maternal grandmother Raffaella Trematerra was a seamstress and his maternal grandfather Giovanni Abys was a Swiss born artist noted for his landscape and portrait painting magazine illustrations in Italy as well as graphic design for commercial labels including olive oil cans Fauci grew up Catholic 13 16 but now considers himself a humanist stating that he thinks that there are a lot of things about organized religion that are unfortunate and that he tends to like to stay away from it 17 In 2021 he was named Humanist of the Year by the American Humanist Association 18 Fauci attended Regis High School a private Jesuit school in Manhattan s Upper East Side where he captained the school s basketball team despite standing only 5 ft 7 in 1 70 m tall 6 19 20 Jesuit s philosophy of to be men for others would have a lasting impact on Fauci 15 He decided halfway through high school to become a physician 14 After graduating in 1958 Fauci attended the College of the Holy Cross graduating in 1962 with a Bachelor of Arts degree in classics with a pre med track Fauci then attended Cornell University s Medical College now Weill Cornell Medicine graduating with a Doctor of Medicine degree in 1966 ranked first in his class 13 At Cornell he focused on adult internal medicine mainly infectious diseases and the immune system 14 Fauci then did an internship and residency in internal medicine at New York Hospital Cornell Medical Center now Weill Cornell Medical Center 6 Career source source source source source source source source source source source source source source Fauci discusses his work in 2020 four minutes After completing his medical residency in 1968 Fauci joined the National Institutes of Health NIH as a clinical associate in the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases s NIAID Laboratory of Clinical Investigation LCI 21 He became head of the LCI s Clinical Physiology Section in 1974 and in 1980 was appointed chief of the NIAID s Laboratory of Immunoregulation He became director of the NIAID in 1984 a position he still holds 22 Fauci has been offered the position of director of the NIH several times but has declined each time 23 Fauci has been at the forefront of U S efforts to contend with viral diseases like HIV AIDS SARS the Swine flu MERS Ebola and COVID 19 He played a significant role in the early 2000s in creating the President s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief PEPFAR 24 and in driving development of biodefense drugs and vaccines following the 9 11 terrorist attacks 25 Fauci has been a visiting professor at many medical centers and has received numerous honorary doctorates from universities in the U S and abroad 26 Medical achievements President Bill Clinton visits the NIH in 1995 and hears about the latest advances in HIV AIDS research from Fauci Fauci has made important scientific observations that contributed to the understanding of the regulation of the human immune response and is recognized for delineating the mechanisms whereby immunosuppressive agents adapt to that response He developed therapies for formerly fatal diseases such as polyarteritis nodosa granulomatosis with polyangiitis and lymphomatoid granulomatosis In a 1985 Stanford University Arthritis Center Survey members of the American Rheumatism Association ranked Fauci s work on the treatment of polyarteritis nodosa and granulomatosis with polyangiitis as one of the most important advances in patient management in rheumatology over the previous 20 years 26 27 28 Fauci discovered how to re dose cancer drugs in a way that turned a 98 percent mortality rate of the disorder vasculitis into a 93 percent remission rate 14 President Barack Obama greets Fauci in June 2014 Fauci has contributed to the understanding of how HIV destroys the body s natural defense system progressing to AIDS He has outlined the mechanisms of induction of HIV expression by endogenous cytokines 28 Fauci has worked to develop strategies for the therapy and immune reconstitution of patients with the disease as well as for a vaccine to prevent HIV infection His current research is concentrated on identifying the nature of the immunopathogenic mechanisms of HIV infection and the scope of the body s immune responses to HIV In 2003 the Institute for Scientific Information stated that from 1983 to 2002 Fauci was the 13th most cited scientist among the 2 5 to 3 0 million authors in all disciplines throughout the world who published articles in scientific journals 6 As a government scientist under seven presidents Fauci has been described as a consistent spokesperson for science a person who more than any other figure has brokered a generational peace between the two worlds of science and politics 19 HIV AIDS epidemic Fauci in 1984 In a 2020 interview with The Guardian Fauci remarked My career and my identity has really been defined by HIV 29 He was one of the leading researchers during the AIDS epidemic in the early 1980s 30 In 1981 he and his team of researchers began looking for a vaccine or treatment for this novel virus though they would meet a number of obstacles 31 In October 1988 protesters came to the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Fauci who had become the institute s director in 1984 bore the brunt of the anger from the LGBTQ community who were largely ignored by the government 32 33 Leading AIDS activist Larry Kramer attacked Fauci relentlessly in the media 34 He called him an incompetent idiot and a pill pushing tool of the medical establishment Fauci did not have control over drug approval though many people felt he was not doing enough Fauci did make an effort in the late 1980s to reach out to the LGBTQ community in New York and San Francisco to find ways he and the NIAID could find a solution 32 Fauci was also praised for engaging with AIDS advocates and he helped to make experimental AIDS treatments more accessible 15 Though Fauci was initially admonished for his treatment of the AIDS epidemic his work in the community was eventually acknowledged Kramer who had spent years hating Fauci for his treatment of the HIV AIDS epidemic eventually called him the only true and great hero among government officials during the AIDS crisis 35 32 Fauci was criticized over what some said was a delayed response from the U S government to the HIV AIDS epidemic including delays in the promotion of experimental HIV AIDS drugs 15 In 2014 Sean Strub of HuffPost criticized Fauci for delaying promotion of an AIDS treatment that would have prevented tens of thousands of deaths in the first years of the epidemic and accused him of rewriting history 36 Political commentator Helen Andrews defended Fauci s actions during the epidemic in a 2021 article writing The idea that Fauci was wrong about A I D S which some of his contemporary opponents repeat is unfair His most notorious error was a 1983 paper suggesting routine close contact as within a family household might spread the disease but it was an understandable mistake given what was known at the time and he corrected it within a year lightning speed by the standards of academic publishing He behaved more responsibly than some of his peers when it came to speculating about a heterosexual A I D S epidemic around the corner He was not one of the hysteria mongers though he did benefit from the hysteria when negotiating budgets with Congress 37 Fauci was the main architect of President s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief PEPFAR an HIV AIDS program responsible for saving over 20 million lives in the developing world 15 38 2009 swine flu pandemic In a meeting with reporters on September 17 2009 Fauci predicted that the H1N1 virus causing the 2009 swine flu pandemic could infect as many as one in three Americans more than the amount of Americans usually infected by the seasonal flu 39 Ebola congressional hearing See also Ebola virus cases in the United States On October 16 2014 in a United States congressional hearing regarding the Ebola virus crisis Fauci who as the director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases NIAID had been discussing the importance of screening for weeks 40 testified that NIAID was still some distance away from producing sufficient quantities of cures or vaccines for widespread trials 41 Specifically Fauci said While NIAID is an active participant in the global effort to address the public health emergency occurring in west Africa it is important to recognize that we are still in the early stages of understanding how infection with the Ebola virus can be treated and prevented 41 Fauci also remarked in the hearing As we continue to expedite research while enforcing high safety and efficacy standards the implementation of the public health measures already known to contain prior Ebola virus outbreaks and the implementation of treatment strategies such as fluid and electrolyte replacement is essential to preventing additional infections treating those already infected protecting healthcare providers and ultimately bringing this epidemic to an end 41 COVID 19 pandemic See also COVID 19 pandemic in the United StatesAccording to The Washington Post prior to the COVID 19 pandemic Fauci was mostly unknown outside the medical community 14 Trump administration Fauci speaks to the White House press corps on COVID 19 in April 2020 watched by President Donald Trump left and Vice President Mike Pence right Fauci had not met with Trump until three years after he was inaugurated as president 14 Fauci was a member of the White House Coronavirus Task Force established in late January 2020 under President Donald Trump to deal with the COVID 19 pandemic 42 43 He became a de facto public health spokesperson for the office of the president during the pandemic 44 45 and a strong advocate for ongoing social distancing efforts in the United States 46 In interviews on January 21 January 26 and February 17 Fauci commented on COVID 19 He said that at the time of the interviews right now COVID 19 was not a major threat to the American public with the risk to the American public being low but that it was an evolving situation and that public health officials need to take COVID 19 very seriously 47 48 In the latter interview Fauci said that COVID 19 could become a global pandemic which would then have significant implications for the United States 48 In March 2020 he predicted that the infection fatality rate would likely be close to 1 which was ten times more severe than the 0 1 reported rate for seasonal flu 49 In a March 8 2020 interview Fauci stated that right now in the United States people who are not infected should not be walking around with masks but if you want to do it that s fine 50 51 In the same interview Fauci said that buying masks could lead to a shortage of masks for the people who really need them When you think masks you should think of healthcare providers needing them 50 52 When Fauci made this comment America s top surgical mask maker was struggling to produce enough masks to meet the increased demand 52 On April 3 the CDC reversed course quoting recent studies that showed asymptomatic transmission of the virus thus advocating for the public to wear non surgical masks to reduce community transmission while Fauci advocated for wearing facial coverings in public 51 Fauci s shifting advice on wearing face masks drew criticism which Fauci responded to by arguing that changes in policy were necessary as scientists learned more about COVID 19 15 In mid April when asked about social distancing and stay at home measures Fauci said that if the administration had started mitigation earlier more lives could have been saved and no one is going to deny that He added that the decision making for implementing mitigation measures was complicated and there was a lot of pushback about shutting things down back then 53 Fauci s comments were met with a hostile response from former Republican congressional candidate DeAnna Lorraine Trump retweeted Lorraine s response which included the call to FireFauci drawing public alarm 54 Fire Fauci has also been chanted by anti lockdown protesters in various locations including Florida and Texas 55 As a result the White House denied that Trump was firing Fauci and blamed the media for overreacting 56 57 Due to Trump s opposition to CDC mask wearing guidelines and social distancing measures which Fauci advocated Fauci was criticized by right wing pundits and received death threats that necessitated a security detail 58 59 60 In an interview with 60 Minutes in 2020 he mentioned that other members of his family including his wife and daughters had been repeatedly harassed since the pandemic began 61 Fauci receives his first dose of the Moderna COVID 19 vaccine in December 2020 at a NIH vaccination event In June 2020 Fauci said that he was very concerned that the ongoing protests against police brutality would cause surges in COVID 19 cases stating that the large crowds are a perfect set up for the virus to spread 62 In July 2020 Fauci advised the public to avoid crowds of any type 63 On July 6 2020 Fauci spoke on a Facebook livestream offering his opinion that the country s situation pertaining to COVID 19 is really not good pointing to more than 55 000 new cases on July 4 2020 He said the United States was still knee deep in the first wave of cases and was experiencing a resurgence of infections 64 On July 7 2020 during a press conference Fauci stated that it was a false narrative to take comfort in a lower rate of death for COVID 19 in the country There s so many other things that are very dangerous and bad about this virus don t get yourself into false complacency Both Trump and the White House had cited the falling death rate as proof of success of the Trump administration s response 65 After this appearance by Fauci the White House cancelled three media appearances that had been scheduled for him later that week 66 On July 7 2020 Trump contradicted Fauci s comments describing a dire situation in the country with Trump saying I think we are in a good place I disagree with Fauci 67 While there were disagreements Trump also at times praised Fauci 68 69 70 On July 9 2020 Trump publicly claimed that Fauci made a lot of mistakes 66 71 72 By July 12 2020 a White House official told media outlets that several White House officials are concerned about the number of times Dr Fauci has been wrong on things passing to the media a list of purported mistakes made by Fauci during the outbreak 66 71 One of the supposed mistakes highlighted was Fauci s February 29 2020 statement in an interview that at this moment there is no need to change anything that you re doing on a day by day basis However the White House list neglected to mention that in that same interview Fauci had stated that the risk could change when you start to see community spread and that the disease could morph into a major outbreak in the country 73 As late as September 23 2020 when U S coronavirus fatalities exceeded 200 000 conservatives continued to question Fauci s and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention s CDC recommendations for responding to the pandemic In a hearing before the Senate s Health Education Labor and Pensions Committee 74 Kentucky s Senator Rand Paul asked him if he had second thoughts about his mitigation recommendations including keeping six feet of distance from others and mask wearing claiming our death rate is essentially worse than Sweden s Fauci stood by the guidelines indicating Sweden s fatality rate exceeded those of other Scandinavian countries and said the comparison between Sweden and the U S was not legitimate Fauci said the recommendations remained valid After Paul then asserted New York s high fatality rate showed that mitigation efforts were insufficient Fauci replied You ve misconstrued that Senator and you ve done that repetitively in the past Fauci explained further that New York State had succeeded in getting the virus under control by following the CDC s clinical guidelines 75 Paul had made numerous claims about herd immunity Sweden s interventions to combat the pandemic the contention that the populations of Asian countries have greater resilience against COVID 19 and statements about death rates due to the virus 74 Fauci would have several intense exchanges with Paul 15 In October 2020 Fauci objected after his words I can t imagine that anybody could be doing more were featured in an advertisement from the Trump campaign touting Trump s handling of the pandemic Fauci said he did not consent to the ad his words were taken out of context he was actually referring to how hard the Coronavirus Task Force was working 76 and he had never made a political endorsement in his career 77 Also in October Fauci criticized the Great Barrington Declaration s focused protection herd immunity strategy calling it ridiculous total nonsense and very dangerous saying that it would lead to a large number of avoidable deaths 78 79 80 Fauci said that 30 percent of the population had underlying health conditions that made them vulnerable to the virus and that older adults even those who are otherwise healthy are far more likely than young adults to become seriously ill if they get COVID 19 79 He added This idea that we have the power to protect the vulnerable is total nonsense because history has shown that that s not the case And if you talk to anybody who has any experience in epidemiology and infectious diseases they will tell you that that is risky and you ll wind up with many more infections of vulnerable people which will lead to hospitalizations and deaths So I think that we just got to look that square in the eye and say it s nonsense 79 On October 18 2020 Fauci mentioned that he wasn t surprised Donald Trump contracted COVID 19 61 The next day during a presidential call Trump called Fauci a disaster and said that people are tired of COVID 81 During a campaign rally in Phoenix Arizona on October 19 Trump launched attacks on his political rival Joe Biden saying that Biden wants to listen to Dr Fauci regarding the handling of the pandemic upon which Biden merely replied Yes on Twitter 82 On October 31 The Washington Post published an extensive interview with Fauci in which he voiced a candid assessment of the administration s COVID 19 policies and was critical of the influence of presidential advisor Scott Atlas 83 Shortly after midnight on November 2 2020 Trump insinuated he would fire Fauci after the election while on stage at a campaign rally at Miami Opa Locka Executive Airport in Opa locka Florida At the rally he made false claims that the pandemic was rounding the turn and was met by audience chants of Fire Fauci to which he responded Don t tell anybody but let me wait until after the election I appreciate the advice 84 85 Despite the rhetoric Fauci was not fired On December 2 the United Kingdom became the first western country to license a vaccine against the coronavirus Pfizer BioNTech In response Fauci said that the U S Food and Drug Administration FDA was proceeding the correct way 86 and said the U K really rushed through that approval 87 The next day Fauci apologized telling the BBC I have a great deal of confidence in what the U K does both scientifically and from a regulator standpoint Our process is one that takes more time than it takes in the U K I did not mean to imply any sloppiness even though it came out that way 88 On January 3 2021 President Trump tweeted The number of cases and deaths of the China Virus is far exaggerated in the United States because of the CDC s ridiculous method of determination compared to other countries 89 That same morning Fauci responded in an interview on NBC s Meet the Press The numbers are real We have well over 300 000 deaths We are averaging two to three thousand deaths per day All you need to do is go into the trenches go into the hospitals go into the intensive care units and see what is happening Those are real numbers real people and real deaths 90 When asked if the 2021 United States Capitol attack was a COVID 19 superspreader event Fauci stated I think for those people there they probably put themselves at an increased risk because they essentially did not adhere to the fundamentals of public health and COVID 19 context which is universal wearing of masks keeping physical distance avoiding crowds in congregate settings The fact that it was outdoors is a little bit better than if they were indoors completely But you can still have a super spreader situation when you do things in a crowded way 91 On January 23 2021 Fauci was quoted saying that letting the science speak on the pandemic got him into a little bit of trouble and got push back from people in the White House including the president during the Trump administration Fauci was also reportedly blocked from appearing on The Rachel Maddow Show for some time because the Trump administration didn t like the way Maddow handles things and they didn t want me on the show 92 Biden administration This section needs expansion You can help by adding to it January 2022 Fauci and President Joe Biden in February 2021 On December 3 2020 President elect Joe Biden asked Fauci in addition to remaining in his role as director of the NIAID to serve as the chief medical advisor to the president in the Biden administration 93 94 Fauci accepted the offer 95 After the inauguration of Joe Biden in January 2021 Fauci said he experienced a liberating feeling in being able to speak freely about science without interference from the new administration He pictured Biden s administration as committed to being completely transparent open and honest 96 Fauci was involved in the development of the Biden administration s plan for a nationwide COVID 19 vaccine rollout 15 In early April 2021 Fauci said of the current situation in the United States that It s almost a race between getting people vaccinated and this surge that seems to want to increase 97 In early May 2021 when asked if the CDC s summer camp guidance was excessive Fauci responded by saying that I wouldn t call them excessive but they certainly are conservative and added that the guidance looks a bit strict and a bit stringent 98 Also in early May Fauci said that he is not convinced that COVID 19 originated naturally and that we should continue to investigate what went on in China until we continue to find out to the best of our ability what happened 99 In mid May 2021 Fauci said that Americans who are fully vaccinated against COVID 19 no longer need to wear masks outdoors except for in completely crowded situations 100 This guidance was updated in July 2021 to recommend that all people wear masks regardless of vaccination status in what Fauci said was due to the much more contagious Delta variant 101 Fauci speaks at the National Cathedral for an interfaith vaccine confidence event 102 In May 2021 Fauci denied that the National Institutes of Health supported gain of function research at the Wuhan Institute of Virology 103 In early June 2021 over 3 000 internal government emails sent by Fauci from January to June 2020 were obtained by media outlets through Freedom of Information Act FOIA requests These emails contain information about how the United States and Fauci initially responded to COVID 19 104 105 On June 22 2021 Fauci said that the SARS CoV 2 Delta variant is the greatest threat to eliminating COVID 19 in the United States 106 In December 2021 Fauci along with virologist Jeffery K Taubenberger and David M Morens endorsed the development of a universal coronavirus vaccine advocating in favor of an international collaborative effort to extensively sample coronaviruses from bats as well as wild and farmed animals to help understand the full universe of existing and emerging coronaviruses 107 108 109 In February 2022 Fauci told the Financial Times that As we get out of the full blown pandemic phase of Covid 19 which we are certainly heading out of these decisions will increasingly be made on a local level rather than centrally decided or mandated There will also be more people making their own decisions on how they want to deal with the virus 110 In March 2022 Fauci said that the United States should expect an increase in COVID 19 cases from the BA 2 subvariant of Omicron but that it might not lead to a severe increase in hospitalizations and deaths 111 On April 27 2022 Fauci said that the United States was out of the full blown explosive pandemic phase of COVID 19 112 On May 15 2022 Fauci said that he would resign if Donald Trump wins the 2024 U S presidential election 113 In a July 2022 interview with Politico Fauci had been reported to be leaving by the end of President Joe Biden s term though he later clarified he may step down from his role as NIAID director Fauci also told Politico he is seeking to help repair the widespread partisan polarization that has divided the nation and politicized science 114 On August 22 2022 Fauci announced that he will step down from his position in December to pursue the next chapter of his career 115 He stepped down from his position on December 31 of that same year 116 Cultural impactOwing to his prominent role in the United States response to numerous global pandemics most notably HIV AIDS and COVID 19 Fauci has become the subject of tributes and interpretations across various media including television literature merchandising and internet memes 117 118 Brad Pitt s performance as Fauci during the 2020 season of Saturday Night Live earned the actor an Emmy nomination and praise from Fauci 119 Author Sally Quinn has credited Fauci as the inspiration for the love interest to the protagonist in her bestselling 1991 romance novel Happy Endings 120 Larry Kramer based the character Dr Anthony Della Vida on Fauci in his play The Destiny of Me 121 In the spring of 2020 amidst the COVID 19 pandemic bakeries across the United States began selling pastries particularly donuts with Fauci s face on them to pay tribute to his work in the public health sector 122 In September 2021 Fauci a documentary film about Fauci s life and career was released by Magnolia Pictures 123 The film was produced by National Geographic Documentary Films 124 In 2021 anti vaccine activist Robert F Kennedy Jr released the book The Real Anthony Fauci Bill Gates Big Pharma and the Global War on Democracy and Public Health In response Fauci described the author as a very disturbed individual 125 Personal lifeFauci has lived in the same house since 1977 14 In 1985 Fauci married Christine Grady a nurse and bioethicist with the NIH after they met while treating a patient 126 Grady is chief of the Department of Bioethics at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center 65 Together they have three adult daughters 127 On June 15 2022 Fauci tested positive for COVID 19 experiencing mild symptoms He is fully vaccinated and has received two booster shots 128 Fauci makes 480 654 annually working for the NIAID making him the highest paid U S government employee 14 Fauci says he is an independent nonpartisan and his voter registration shows that he is not affiliated with any political party although he still votes 14 Prior to 2020 he had positive relationships with both Democrats and Republicans and considered George W Bush a close friend Obviously there s been appropriate controversy regarding decisions regarding Iraq but his moral compass about health equity is very strong 14 Fauci has specifically praised Bush s work to combat HIV AIDS through PEPFAR a global health initiative credited with saving over 20 million lives as of 2021 38 primarily in Sub Saharan Africa According to Fauci Bush s exact words to me were We have a moral responsibility as a rich nation to not have people suffer and die merely because of where they live and the circumstances in which they were born 14 Former CDC director and CEO of Resolve to Save Lives Tom Frieden said that I have no idea what his politics are Reagan and both Bushes liked him Clinton and Obama liked him 129 MembershipsFauci is a member of the National Academy of Sciences the American Academy of Arts and Sciences the National Academy of Medicine the American Philosophical Society 130 and the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters as well as other numerous professional societies including the American Society for Clinical Investigation the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the American Association of Immunologists He serves on the editorial boards of many scientific journals and as an author coauthor or editor of more than 1 000 scientific publications including several textbooks 131 On March 23 2021 Fauci was admitted as an honorary fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland 132 Harrison s Principles of Internal Medicine Fauci has served as one of the principal editors of Harrison s Principles of Internal Medicine named on the front cover from the 11th edition published in 1986 133 and on through the 12th 13th 134 14th 135 15th 136 16th 137 17th 138 18th 19th 139 20th version and latest at the time of writing 21st edition 140 published in 2022 He was the editor in chief of the 14th and 17th editions 140 Awards and honors Ben Carson and Anthony Fauci right being announced as recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President George W Bush at the White House on June 19 2008 1979 Arthur S Flemming Award 141 1993 Honorary Doctor of Science Bates College 142 1995 Ernst Jung Prize shared with Samuel A Wells Jr 143 1995 Honorary Doctor of Science Duke University 144 1996 Honorary Doctor of Science Colgate University 145 1999 Honorary Doctor of Public Service Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania 146 2002 Albany Medical Center Prize 147 2003 Golden Plate Award American Academy of Achievement 148 2005 National Medal of Science President of the United States 149 2005 American Association of Immunologists Lifetime Achievement Award 150 2007 Mary Woodard Lasker Public Service Award Lasker Foundation 151 2007 George M Kober Medal Association of American Physicians 13 2008 Presidential Medal of Freedom 148 2013 UCSF Medal University of California San Francisco 152 2013 Robert Koch Gold Medal Robert Koch Foundation Germany 153 2013 Prince Mahidol Award Prince Mahidol Award Foundation Thailand 154 2015 Honorary Doctor of Humane Letters Johns Hopkins University 155 156 2015 Honorary Doctor of Public Service The George Washington University 157 158 2016 John Dirks Canada Gairdner Global Health Award 159 2018 Honorary Doctor of Science commencement speaker American University 160 2018 Honorary Doctor of Science Boston University 161 2019 Bertrand Russell Society Award 162 2020 Federal Employee of the Year Partnership for Public Service 163 2020 Presidential Citation for Exemplary Leadership National Academy of Medicine 164 2020 Ripple of Hope Award Robert F Kennedy Center for Justice and Human Rights 165 2020 Time s Guardian of the Year along with the frontline health workers Assa Traore Porche Bennett Bey and racial justice organizers 166 2020 Harris Dean s Award The University of Chicago Harris School of Public Policy 167 2020 Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic 168 2020 John Maddox Prize Sense about Science 169 2021 Blessed are the Peacemakers Award from Catholic Theological Union 170 171 2021 Public Welfare Medal of the National Academy of Sciences 172 2021 Dan David Prize Dan David Foundation Israel 173 2021 President s Medal The George Washington University 174 175 2021 Honorary Doctor of Science McGill University 176 2022 Honorary Doctor of Science Sapienza University of Rome 177 2022 Honorary Doctor of Science commencement speaker University of Michigan 178 2022 Hutch Award winner Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center 179 In addition to receiving an honorary degree in 2015 Fauci was invited to deliver guest remarks on May 21 2020 for the Johns Hopkins University Class of 2020 180 Other notable guest speakers during the virtual ceremony included Reddit co founder and commencement speaker Alexis Ohanian and philanthropist and former New York City mayor Michael R Bloomberg 181 The College of the Holy Cross renamed its science complex the Anthony S Fauci Integrated Science Complex on June 11 2022 182 Selected works and publicationsExternal video The Promise and Peril of DNA Research interview Think Tank with Ben Wattenberg March 5 1998 Scholia has an author profile for Anthony Fauci Fauci Anthony S Dale David C Balow James E March 1976 Glucocorticosteroid Therapy Mechanisms of Action and Clinical Considerations Annals of Internal Medicine 84 3 304 15 doi 10 7326 0003 4819 84 3 304 PMID 769625 Wikidata Fauci Anthony S Haynes Barton F Katz Paul November 1 1978 The Spectrum of Vasculitis Clinical Pathologic Immunologic and Therapeutic Considerations Annals of Internal Medicine 89 5 Part 1 660 76 doi 10 7326 0003 4819 89 5 660 PMID 31121 Wikidata Fauci Anthony S Haynes Barton F Katz Paul Wolff Sheldon M January 1983 Wegener s Granulomatosis Prospective Clinical and Therapeutic Experience With 85 Patients for 21 Years Annals of Internal Medicine 98 1 76 85 doi 10 7326 0003 4819 98 1 76 PMID 6336643 Wikidata Fauci Anthony S Macher Abe M Longo Dan L Lane H Clifford Rook Alain H Masur Henry Gelmann Edward P January 1984 Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Epidemiologic Clinical Immunologic and Therapeutic Considerations Annals of Internal Medicine 100 1 92 106 doi 10 7326 0003 4819 100 1 92 PMID 6318629 Wikidata Fauci AS February 5 1988 The human immunodeficiency virus infectivity and mechanisms of pathogenesis Science 239 4840 617 622 Bibcode 1988Sci 239 617F doi 10 1126 science 3277274 PMID 3277274 Wikidata Pantaleo Giuseppe Graziosi Cecilia Fauci Anthony S February 4 1993 The Immunopathogenesis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection New England Journal of Medicine 328 5 327 335 doi 10 1056 NEJM199302043280508 PMID 8093551 Wikidata Fauci Anthony S December 1996 Host factors and the pathogenesis of HIV induced disease Nature 384 6609 529 534 Bibcode 1996Natur 384 529F doi 10 1038 384529A0 PMID 8955267 S2CID 4370482 Wikidata Morens David M Folkers Gregory K Fauci Anthony S July 8 2004 The challenge of emerging and re emerging infectious diseases Nature 430 6996 242 249 Bibcode 2004Natur 430 242M doi 10 1038 nature02759 PMC 7094993 PMID 15241422 Wikidata Morens David M Fauci Anthony S April 2007 The 1918 Influenza Pandemic Insights for the 21st Century The Journal of Infectious Diseases 195 7 1018 1028 doi 10 1086 511989 PMID 17330793 Wikidata Johnston Margaret I Fauci Anthony S August 28 2008 An HIV Vaccine Challenges and Prospects New England Journal of Medicine 359 9 888 890 doi 10 1056 NEJMp0806162 PMID 18753644 Wikidata Fauci Anthony S Harrison Ross eds 2008 Harrison s Principles of Internal Medicine 17th ed McGraw Hill Medical ISBN 978 0 07 159991 7 OCLC 1109159992 Fauci Anthony S Lane H Clifford Redfield Robert R March 26 2020 Covid 19 Navigating the Uncharted New England Journal of Medicine 382 13 1268 1269 doi 10 1056 NEJMe2002387 PMC 7121221 PMID 32109011 References I had to fulfil my responsibility Fauci on his career Covid and stepping down TheGuardian com December 25 2022 Fauci Anthony S July 16 1998 Dr Anthony S Fauci Oral History National Institutes of Health Interview Interviewed by Melissa Klein Archived from the original on March 8 2022 Retrieved August 18 2022 Retirements August Commissioned Corps Bulletin Vol X no 9 Department of Health and Human Services September 1996 p 15 Fauci Anthony December 10 2022 Anthony Fauci A Message to the Next Generation of Scientists The New York Times Retrieved 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Virginia K April 4 2020 5 reasons Gov Cuomo and Dr Fauci are America s de facto leaders during the coronavirus pandemic MarketWatch Archived from the original on March 30 2020 Retrieved March 30 2020 President Trump s Advisors Argued Strongly Against Easing Coronavirus Measures Too Early Anthony Fauci Says Time Archived from the original on March 30 2020 Retrieved March 30 2020 Fiske Warren April 29 2020 Did Fauci tell U S not to worry about coronavirus Politifact Retrieved April 16 2021 a b Prignano Christina July 15 2020 Anthony Fauci rebukes Trump administration s efforts to discredit him It s nonsense Boston Globe Archived from the original on July 15 2020 Retrieved June 4 2021 Higgins Dunn Noah Lovelace Berkeley Jr March 11 2020 Top US health official says the coronavirus is 10 times more lethal than the seasonal flu CNBC Archived from the original on March 23 2020 a b Austin Sophie July 8 2020 Dr Fauci No reason to be wearing a mask Politifact Retrieved February 28 2021 a b Spencer Saranac May 19 2020 Outdated Fauci Video on Face Masks Shared Out of Context Factcheck org Retrieved February 28 2021 a b McCandless Farmer Brit March 8 2020 March 2020 Dr Anthony Fauci talks with Dr Jon LaPook about COVID 19 CBS News Retrieved July 21 2021 Cole Devan April 12 2020 Fauci admits earlier Covid 19 mitigation efforts would have saved more American lives CNN Archived from the original on May 4 2020 Retrieved May 5 2020 Bowden John April 12 2020 Trump shares tweet from supporter calling for Fauci to be fired The Hill Archived from the original on April 13 2020 Retrieved December 20 2022 Tilove Jonathan April 18 2020 Chanting Let us work Fire Fauci protesters at Capitol decry virus restrictions Austin American Statesman Archived from the original on June 28 2020 Retrieved June 28 2020 Shepherd Katie Wagner John Sonmez Felicia April 14 2020 White House denies Trump is considering firing Fauci despite his retweet of a hashtag calling for his ouster The Washington Post 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S adds most COVID 19 cases in 2 months Dr Fauci dismisses herd strategy United Press International Retrieved October 17 2020 Fernandez Marisa October 19 2020 Trump calls Fauci a disaster on campaign call Axios Retrieved October 19 2020 Demsas Jerusalem October 20 2020 Trump s new attack Biden wants to listen to Fauci Vox Dawsey Josh Abutaleb Yasmeen October 31 2020 A whole lot of hurt Fauci warns of covid 19 surge offers blunt assessment of Trump s response The Washington Post Retrieved October 31 2020 Facher Lev November 2 2020 Trump threatens to fire Fauci after the election Stat Retrieved March 4 2021 Cummings William Subramanian Courtney November 2 2020 I appreciate the advice Trump tells crowd chanting Fire Fauci to wait until after election USA Today Retrieved March 4 2021 Henley Jon Connolly Kate Jones Sam December 3 2020 European and US experts question UK s fast track of Covid vaccine The Guardian Retrieved December 4 2020 Forgey Quint December 3 2020 Fauci U K really rushed through that approval of Pfizer vaccine Politico Retrieved December 4 2020 Henley Jon December 4 2020 Fauci apologises after implied criticism of UK s rushed Covid vaccine approval The Guardian Retrieved December 4 2020 Kornfield Meryl Jacobs Shayna January 3 2021 As coronavirus death toll surpasses 350 000 Trump calls U S count far exaggerated The Washington Post Retrieved January 5 2021 Kamisar Ben January 3 2021 Fauci pushes back on Trump Covid death numbers are real NBC News Retrieved January 3 2021 Mastis Lindsey January 7 2021 Dr Anthony Fauci discusses whether Capitol riot was a superspreader event WJLA TV Retrieved May 14 2021 Schneider Avie January 23 2021 Dr Fauci relishes a hallelujah moment NPR Retrieved March 25 2021 Merica Dan December 4 2020 CNN Exclusive Biden says he will ask Americans to wear masks for the first 100 days he s in office CNN Retrieved December 4 2020 Walsh Joe December 4 2020 Biden Asks Fauci To Serve As Chief Medical Advisor During Covid Crisis Forbes Evelyn Kenya December 4 2020 Fauci accepts offer of chief medical adviser role in Biden administration The Guardian Egan Lauren January 21 2021 Dr Anthony Fauci says he feels liberated to speak freely about science risk of Covid under Biden NBC News Retrieved January 25 2021 Holcombe Madeline Andone Dakin April 9 2021 Fauci says new Covid 19 cases are at a disturbing level as the US is primed for a surge CNN Retrieved April 9 2021 Stump Scott May 5 2021 Dr Fauci calls CDC summer camp guidelines a bit strict Today Retrieved May 5 2021 Cillizza Chris May 24 2021 Analysis Why is Anthony Fauci hedging on the origins of the coronavirus CNN Retrieved June 3 2021 Dr Fauci Put aside your mask if you re fully vaccinated and outside CNN Video May 13 2021 retrieved May 13 2021 Stieg Cory July 28 2021 Dr Fauci on CDC mask guidelines We are dealing with a different virus now CNBC Retrieved August 15 2021 Fauci and Collins join interfaith leaders at cathedral vaccine confidence event March 17 2021 Analysis The repeated claim that Fauci lied to Congress about gain of function research The Washington Post ISSN 0190 8286 Retrieved October 29 2021 Why are people talking about Dr Anthony Fauci s emails BBC News June 2 2021 Retrieved June 2 2021 Blake Aaron June 4 2021 The alleged Fauci smoking gun emails The Washington Post Archived from the original on June 4 2021 Retrieved June 8 2021 Miller Sara G June 22 2021 Delta variant is greatest threat to eliminating Covid in U S Fauci says NBC News Retrieved June 23 2021 Morens David M Taubenberger Jeffery K Fauci Anthony S December 15 2021 Universal Coronavirus Vaccines An Urgent Need The New England Journal of Medicine 386 4 297 299 doi 10 1056 NEJMp2118468 ISSN 0028 4793 PMID 34910863 S2CID 245219817 NIH scientists urge pursuit of universal coronavirus vaccine National Institutes of Health NIH December 16 2021 Retrieved December 20 2021 Bush Evan December 15 2021 Fauci pushes for universal coronavirus vaccine NBC News Retrieved December 20 2021 Stacey Kiran February 9 2022 Full blown pandemic phase of Covid nearly over in US declares Fauci Financial Times Retrieved February 13 2022 Haslett Cheyenne March 18 2022 Fauci says COVID 19 cases will likely increase soon though not necessarily hospitalizations ABC News Retrieved March 19 2022 Achenbach Joel Pietsch Bryan April 27 2022 U S no longer in full blown pandemic phase Fauci says The Washington Post ISSN 0190 8286 Retrieved May 9 2022 Vargas Ramon Antonio May 16 2022 Fauci says he will resign if Trump retakes the presidency in 2024 The Guardian Retrieved May 16 2022 Fauci clarifies that he will not retire but will leave current NIAID director position Fox News July 19 2022 Stanton Cady Dr Anthony Fauci face of the nation s pandemic health response to step down in December USA TODAY Retrieved August 22 2022 I had to fulfil my responsibility Fauci on his career Covid and stepping down the Guardian December 25 2022 Retrieved January 8 2023 Paz Christian April 22 2020 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Theatrical Release Date With Magnolia Pictures for Sept 10 Business Wire August 31 2021 Retrieved October 10 2021 Hipes Patrick February 1 2021 Dr Anthony Fauci Documentary In Works At Nat Geo From Oscar And Emmy Winners Watch First Trailer Deadline Retrieved October 10 2021 Fauci Calls RFK Jr A Very Disturbed Individual over Career Attacks December 22 2021 Fauci Jennifer February 2002 Patient Portables The Nurse Practitioner 27 2 54 doi 10 1097 00006205 200202000 00032 ISSN 0361 1817 Ellis Ralph October 8 2020 Fauci s Daughters Won t Visit for Thanksgiving WebMD Retrieved August 11 2021 Stanton Cady June 15 2022 Dr Anthony Fauci tests positive for COVID 19 is experiencing mild symptoms USA Today Ward Myah August 22 2022 The next Anthony Fauci Politico Retrieved August 23 2022 APS Member History search amphilsoc org Retrieved July 12 2021 Highly Cited Biography Archived September 29 2007 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved May 30 2007 WATCH Dr Anthony Fauci receives highest honor at Royal 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Academy of Medicine October 19 2020 Retrieved October 19 2020 Dr Fauci and Colin Kaepernick to receive award for commitment to social change CBS News July 30 2020 Retrieved December 11 2020 Joe Biden and Kamala Harris are 2020 Time Person of the Year KHOU 11 December 10 2020 Retrieved December 11 2020 Dr Anthony Fauci to Speak at University of Chicago on March 4 The University of Chicago Harris School of Public Policy Retrieved January 4 2021 Fauci diventa cavaliere della Repubblica italiana Ansa it in Italian May 18 2021 Retrieved May 19 2021 Maddox Prize 2020 Sense about Science Retrieved September 15 2021 Blessed are the Peacemakers Catholic Theological Union December 6 2022 Retrieved December 7 2022 Anthony Fauci and Christine Grady honored with award at CTU event National Catholic Reporter April 30 2021 Retrieved December 7 2022 2021 Anthony S Fauci to Receive Public Welfare Medal www nasonline org Dan David Prize 2021 Laureates dandavidprize org Retrieved February 15 2021 Sen Elizabeth Warren to Deliver October Commencement Keynote Address GW Today The George Washington University Retrieved August 16 2021 Trivedi Isha August 12 2021 Sen Elizabeth Warren to deliver keynote at October Commencement The GW Hatchet Hatchet Publications Inc Retrieved August 16 2021 Dr Anthony Fauci to receive honorary doctorate from McGill McGill University September 28 2021 Retrieved October 2 2021 Honorary Doctorate to Anthony Fauci Sapienza Universita di Roma Universita la Sapienza January 13 2022 Retrieved January 16 2022 Fleming Leonard N Fauci tells 20 21 UM grads to believe in science reject normalization of untruths The Detroit News Retrieved May 8 2022 Fred Hutch Media Team August 4 2022 Dr Anthony Fauci to receive honorary Hutch Award Fred Hutch Retrieved August 9 2022 Fauci Anthony May 21 2020 Anthony Fauci delivers special message to Johns Hopkins graduates Johns Hopkins University Archived from the original on July 2 2020 Retrieved July 1 2020 Senior class president Pavan Patel said the Class of 2020 is ready to make its mark Johns Hopkins University May 21 2020 Archived from the original on June 19 2020 Retrieved June 25 2020 Worcester s Holy Cross names science complex after Dr Fauci CBS Boston June 11 2022 Retrieved June 17 2022 via MSN Further readingUnger Donald N S I Saw People Who Were In Pain Holy Cross Magazine College of the Holy Cross v 36 n 3 Summer 2002 issue Front cover and pp 10 19 2020 Archived PDF copy External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Anthony Fauci Wikiquote has quotations related to Anthony Fauci Anthony S Fauci M D at National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases NIAID Anthony S Fauci at PubMed Anthony Fauci publications indexed by Google Scholar Appearances on C SPAN Anthony Fauci at IMDb Government officesPreceded byRichard M Krause 5th Director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases1984 2022 VacantVacantTitle last held byRonny Jackson 2019 2nd Chief Medical Advisor to the President2021 2022 Served under Joe Biden Portals Biography COVID 19 Medicine Science United States Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Anthony Fauci amp oldid 1132303206, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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