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2020 United States elections

January 01, 1970

The 2020 United States elections were held on Tuesday, November 3, 2020. The Democratic Party's nominee, former vice president Joe Biden, defeated incumbent Republican president Donald Trump in the presidential election. Despite losing seats in the House of Representatives, Democrats retained control of the House and gained control of the Senate. As a result, the Democrats obtained a government trifecta, the first time since the elections in 2008 that the party gained unified control of Congress and the presidency.[1] With Trump losing his bid for re-election, he became the first defeated incumbent president to have overseen his party lose the presidency and control of both the House and the Senate since Herbert Hoover in 1932.[2][3] This was the first time since 1980 that either chamber of Congress flipped partisan control in a presidential year, and the first time Democrats did so since 1948.

2020 United States elections
← 2018          2019          2020          2021          2022 →
Presidential election year
Election dayNovember 3
Incumbent presidentDonald Trump (Republican)
Next Congress117th
Presidential election
Partisan controlDemocratic gain
Popular vote marginDemocratic +4.5%
Electoral vote
Joe Biden (D)306
Donald Trump (R)232
2020 United States presidential election in California2020 United States presidential election in Oregon2020 United States presidential election in Washington (state)2020 United States presidential election in Idaho2020 United States presidential election in Nevada2020 United States presidential election in Utah2020 United States presidential election in Arizona2020 United States presidential election in Montana2020 United States presidential election in Wyoming2020 United States presidential election in Colorado2020 United States presidential election in New Mexico2020 United States presidential election in North Dakota2020 United States presidential election in South Dakota2020 United States presidential election in Nebraska2020 United States presidential election in Kansas2020 United States presidential election in Oklahoma2020 United States presidential election in Texas2020 United States presidential election in Minnesota2020 United States presidential election in Iowa2020 United States presidential election in Missouri2020 United States presidential election in Arkansas2020 United States presidential election in Louisiana2020 United States presidential election in Wisconsin2020 United States presidential election in Illinois2020 United States presidential election in Michigan2020 United States presidential election in Indiana2020 United States presidential election in Ohio2020 United States presidential election in Kentucky2020 United States presidential election in Tennessee2020 United States presidential election in Mississippi2020 United States presidential election in Alabama2020 United States presidential election in Georgia2020 United States presidential election in Florida2020 United States presidential election in South Carolina2020 United States presidential election in North Carolina2020 United States presidential election in Virginia2020 United States presidential election in West Virginia2020 United States presidential election in the District of Columbia2020 United States presidential election in Maryland2020 United States presidential election in Delaware2020 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania2020 United States presidential election in New Jersey2020 United States presidential election in New York2020 United States presidential election in Connecticut2020 United States presidential election in Rhode Island2020 United States presidential election in Vermont2020 United States presidential election in New Hampshire2020 United States presidential election in Maine2020 United States presidential election in Massachusetts2020 United States presidential election in Hawaii2020 United States presidential election in Alaska2020 United States presidential election in the District of Columbia2020 United States presidential election in Maryland2020 United States presidential election in Delaware2020 United States presidential election in New Jersey2020 United States presidential election in Connecticut2020 United States presidential election in Rhode Island2020 United States presidential election in Massachusetts2020 United States presidential election in Vermont2020 United States presidential election in New Hampshire
Presidential election results map. Blue denotes states won by Biden/Harris, and red denotes states won by Trump/Pence. Numbers indicate electoral votes allotted to the winner of each state or district.
Senate elections
Overall controlDemocratic gain[a]
Seats contested35 of 100 seats
(33 seats of Class II + 2 special elections)
Net seat changeDemocratic +3
2020–21 United States Senate special election in Georgia2020 United States Senate special election in Arizona2020 United States Senate election in Alabama2020 United States Senate election in Alaska2020 United States Senate election in Arkansas2020 United States Senate election in Colorado2020 United States Senate election in Delaware2020–21 United States Senate election in Georgia2020 United States Senate election in Idaho2020 United States Senate election in Illinois2020 United States Senate election in Iowa2020 United States Senate election in Kansas2020 United States Senate election in Kentucky2020 United States Senate election in Louisiana2020 United States Senate election in Maine2020 United States Senate election in Massachusetts2020 United States Senate election in Michigan2020 United States Senate election in Minnesota2020 United States Senate election in Mississippi2020 United States Senate election in Montana2020 United States Senate election in Nebraska2020 United States Senate election in New Hampshire2020 United States Senate election in New Jersey2020 United States Senate election in New Mexico2020 United States Senate election in North Carolina2020 United States Senate election in Oklahoma2020 United States Senate election in Oregon2020 United States Senate election in Rhode Island2020 United States Senate election in South Carolina2020 United States Senate election in South Dakota2020 United States Senate election in Tennessee2020 United States Senate election in Texas2020 United States Senate election in Virginia2020 United States Senate election in West Virginia2020 United States Senate election in Wyoming
Map of the 2020 Senate races
(Georgia held two Senate elections)
     Democratic hold      Republican hold
     Democratic gain      Republican gain
     No election
House elections
Overall controlDemocratic hold
Seats contestedAll 435 voting-members
All six non-voting delegates
Popular vote marginDemocratic +3.1%
Net seat changeRepublican +13
Map of the 2020 House of Representatives elections
     Democratic hold      Republican hold
     Democratic gain      Republican gain
Gubernatorial elections
Seats contested13 (11 states, two territories)
Net seat changeRepublican +1
2020 Delaware gubernatorial election2020 Indiana gubernatorial election2020 Missouri gubernatorial election2020 Montana gubernatorial election2020 New Hampshire gubernatorial election2020 North Carolina gubernatorial election2020 North Dakota gubernatorial election2020 Utah gubernatorial election2020 Vermont gubernatorial election2020 Washington gubernatorial election2020 West Virginia gubernatorial election2020 Puerto Rico gubernatorial election2020 American Samoa gubernatorial election
Map of the 2020 gubernatorial races
     Democratic hold      Republican hold
     Republican gain
     New Progressive hold      Nonpartisan
     No election

Biden became his party's nominee after defeating numerous challengers in the Democratic primaries, while Trump faced token opposition in the Republican primaries. In the congressional elections, Democrats lost seats in the House of Representatives but retained their majority in the chamber by a narrow margin. Democrats made a net gain of three seats in the Senate for a total of 50 seats, taking control of the chamber as newly elected vice-president Kamala Harris could cast tie-breaking votes. Contests for the six non-voting congressional delegates from the District of Columbia and the permanently inhabited U.S. territories were also held during the 2020 elections.

Regularly-scheduled elections were held in 86 of the 99 state legislative chambers, and 11 states held their gubernatorial elections. Only one state governorship and two legislative chambers changed partisan control, as Republicans won the gubernatorial race in Montana and gained control of both legislative chambers in New Hampshire. Various other state executive and judicial elections, as well as numerous referendums, tribal elections, mayoral elections, and other local elections, also took place in 2020. The 2020 elections were the last major set of elections to impact the redistricting cycle that will take place following the 2020 census. Significant issues for voters included the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, as well as health care, the economy, racial unrest and climate change. Social distancing guidelines resulted in unprecedented levels of postal voting and early voting. Voter turnout greatly exceeded recent elections; one projection has turnout by voting eligible population being higher than any election since 1900.

After Biden won the election, Trump and other Republicans refused to concede, making baseless and disproven claims of widespread voter fraud,[4][5][6] despite U.S. election security officials saying that the election was "the most secure in American history".[7] These attempts to overturn the election resulted in a deadly attack on the U.S. Capitol, which led to Trump being impeached for the second time and deplatformed across several major social media platforms.[8][9][10]

Issues

During the campaign, the most prominent issues were the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, health care, economy, race, and abortion.[11] Democrats emphasized coronavirus economic relief and public health measures such as contact tracing, face mask usage, and social distancing, whereas Republican downplayed the coronavirus,[12] scuttled coronavirus economic relief negotiations in the lead-up to the election,[13][14] and advocated for laxer public health measures to deal with the spread of the coronavirus.[15] Trump himself held events across the country, including in coronavirus hotspots, where attendees did not wear masks and were not socially distancing; at the same time, he mocked those who wore face masks.[16][17][18]

The Republican Party opted not to provide a comprehensive platform of its policy positions for the election; the 2020 platform was a one-page resolution which stated that the party "has and will continue to enthusiastically support the president's America-first agenda."[19] Democrats ran on protecting and expanding the Affordable Care Act, while criticizing Republicans for jeopardizing protections for individuals with preexisting conditions.[20][21] Republicans generally did not emphasize health care issues, as their opposition to the Affordable Care Act had become a political liability by 2020, as the legislation had grown in popularity.[21][22]

On the environment, Democrats proposed plans to combat climate change, including through investments in renewable energy and rejoining the Paris Climate Accords, whereas Republicans emphasized increased production of oil and natural gas.[23]

During the election campaign, Democrats made calls for criminal justice reform and spoke of a need to reduce systemic racism in the criminal justice system.[24][25] Republicans ran on a "law and order" and pro-police messaging.[26][27] While Democrats in many races were moderate, Republicans depicted them as extremists or secret "socialists" who held radical views on criminal justice or climate legislation.[26]

The rhetoric of incumbent president Donald Trump and his allies during the election campaign was marked by frequent use of falsehoods and promotion of unfounded conspiracy theories.[28][29][30] In the lead-up to the elections, Republicans attacked voting rights and spread falsehoods about voter fraud.[31][32][33][34] Trump refused to commit to a peaceful transition of power in case he lost the election.[35] While senior Republicans disapproved of Trump's rhetoric in private, they refused to rebuke him publicly.[36]

Federal elections

Presidential election

Main article: 2020 United States presidential election

The U.S. presidential election of 2020 was the 59th quadrennial U.S. presidential election, and was held to fill a term lasting from January 20, 2021, to January 20, 2025. By November 7, all major media organizations had projected that former vice president Joe Biden, the candidate of the Democratic Party, had defeated incumbent Republican president Donald Trump in the election.[37] Based on the winner of the popular vote in each state,[b] the Electoral College cast votes on December 14, and Congress counted the electoral votes and formally declared Biden as the election winner in a joint session on January 6, 2021.[38] In the months after the election, Trump challenged the results of the election, but on January 7, following congressional certification of the electoral vote and the 2021 storming of the United States Capitol, Trump acknowledged that "a new administration will be inaugurated."[39]

Biden won the election with 306 electoral votes and 51.3% of the national popular vote, compared to Trump's 232 electoral votes and 46.9% of the popular vote. Biden won every state that 2016 Democratic presidential nominee Hillary Clinton won in the 2016 presidential election, as well as Arizona, Georgia, Michigan, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, and Nebraska's second congressional district. Biden won the tipping-point state, Wisconsin, by a margin of 0.6%.[40] While Biden won the popular vote by 7 million votes, across Arizona, Georgia, and Wisconsin, the three states whose electoral votes contributed to Biden's win, Biden won by fewer than 45,000 votes.[41] In California and New York, Biden received 7 million more votes than Trump, accounting for Biden's popular vote win.[41] Among third party and independent candidates, Libertarian Party candidate Jo Jorgensen won 1.2% of the popular vote, Green Party candidate Howie Hawkins finished with 0.3% of the vote, and various other candidates won about 0.4% of the vote.

Incumbent Trump won re-nomination by his party after facing token opposition in the 2020 Republican primaries.[42][43] The Republican Party also re-nominated Vice President Mike Pence as Trump's running mate for the 2020 election. Biden became the Democratic Party's presumptive nominee in early April 2020 after Bernie Sanders withdrew from the 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries; Biden later chose Kamala Harris as his running mate shortly before the 2020 Democratic National Convention.[44] Along with Biden and Sanders, Elizabeth Warren, Michael Bloomberg, Pete Buttigieg, Amy Klobuchar, and Tulsi Gabbard all won at least one delegate in the 2020 Democratic presidential primaries.[45] Beyond the two major parties, about 1,200 individuals listed their names with the federal government as third party and independent candidates.[46][c]

Biden is the oldest individual to win a US presidential election,[48] and Kamala Harris is the first woman to be elected vice president of the US.[49] Trump's defeat made him the first incumbent president to lose re-election since George H. W. Bush in the 1992 presidential election,[50] and the tenth elected president to lose his re-election bid.[51] He also became the first elected president to lose the popular vote twice since Benjamin Harrison in the late 19th century; and the first president ever to be elected while losing the popular vote, to then be impeached, and to then lose reelection as an incumbent.[2][52] Accounting for the Democratic gain of the House in 2018, 2020 represented the first time since the 1930 and 1932 elections, as well as the sixth time overall, that an opposition party flipped control of the White House and both houses of Congress from the prior governing party following a single presidential term.[53] Biden became the first U.S. presidential candidate to win over 80 million total votes, won the highest share of the popular vote of any challenger to an incumbent president since the 1932 presidential election, and won the popular vote by the largest margin since Barack Obama's victory in the 2008 presidential election.[54] The Democratic victory in the national popular vote marked the seventh time in eight elections that Democrats won the national popular vote, although Republicans won the majority of the electoral vote (and thus the election) in three of those eight elections.[55]

Congressional elections

Senate elections

Main article: 2020 United States Senate elections
↓
33 12 2 23 30
15 Democrats
not up 		12 Democrats
up 		[d] 23 Republicans
up 		30 Republicans
not up
Control of Senate seats by class after the 2020 elections
Class Democratic Independent Republican Next elections
1 21 2 10 2024
2 13 0 20 2026
3 14 0 20 2022
Total 48 2 50 —

Thirty-five of the 100 seats in the United States Senate were up for election in 2020: all 33 seats of Senate Class II, and seats in Arizona and Georgia that were up for special elections. Republicans defended 23 seats, while Democrats defended 12 seats. Prior to the 2020 election, and including seats not up for election, Republicans held 53 Senate seats, while Democrats held 45 seats, and Democratic-aligned independents held the remaining two seats. Because the vice president has the casting vote in the Senate, Democrats needed to achieve a net gain of at least three seats to achieve control if they won the vice presidency; otherwise, they needed to achieve a net gain of at least four seats to take the majority.

Five seats changed partisan control in the 2020 elections, as Democrats defeated both Republican incumbents in Georgia, as well as the Republican incumbents in the seats up in Arizona and Colorado. Republicans picked up one seat by defeating the Democratic incumbent in Alabama. The results of the 2020 cycle left both partisan caucuses with 50 senators.[56] Democrats gained majority control of the Senate on January 20, 2021, when Vice President-elect Harris and senators Alex Padilla, Jon Ossoff, and Raphael Warnock were sworn into office.[57] Democrats gained control of the Senate for the first time since they lost control in the 2014 United States Senate elections.

House of Representatives elections

Main article: 2020 United States House of Representatives elections
 
Cartogram of U.S. House of Representative results:
  Democratic gain   Republican gain
  Democratic hold   Republican hold
  Independent hold
  New Progressive (Puerto Rico) & Republican hold

All 435 voting seats in the United States House of Representatives were up for election; 218 seats are necessary for a majority. The winners of each race serve a two-year term. Democrats had gained control of the House of Representatives in the 2018 elections, winning 235 seats compared to 199 seats for Republicans.[e] Due to vacancies and party-switching that arose during the 116th Congress, immediately before the November 2020 elections Democrats held 232 seats, compared to 197 seats held by Republicans and one seat, that of Justin Amash, held by the Libertarian Party.[58] Thus, Republicans needed to gain 21 seats to gain a majority.

Republicans picked up 14 seats in the House elections, defeating thirteen incumbent House Democrats.[59] Nationally, Democratic House candidates won by a margin of about 3%, as many Democrats ran behind Biden.[60] The election results left Democrats with a narrow majority of 222 seats at the start of the 117th Congress.

Special elections
Main article: Special elections to the United States House of Representatives during the 116th United States Congress

Five special elections were held in 2020 to replace a member who resigned or died in office during the 116th U.S. Congress:

State elections

Gubernatorial

Main article: 2020 United States gubernatorial elections
↓
23 5 1 7 20
Democrats Not Up Democrats Up PNP/R Up Republicans Up Republicans Not Up
 
States holding regularly-scheduled legislative and gubernatorial elections in 2020:
  Governor and all legislative chambers
  All legislative chambers
  A portion of legislative chambers
  None[f]

Elections were held for the governorships of 11 U.S. states and two U.S. territories. Most elections were for four-year terms, but the governors of New Hampshire and Vermont each serve two-year terms. Republicans defended a total of seven seats, while Democrats defended six seats. Only one state governorship changed parties, as Republican Greg Gianforte won the 2020 Montana gubernatorial election, succeeding outgoing Democratic governor Steve Bullock.[75] In Puerto Rico, the governorship was retained by the New Progressive Party, although the winning candidate, Pedro Pierluisi, is affiliated with the Democratic Party, replacing an incumbent who was affiliated with the Republican Party.[76]

Legislative

Main article: 2020 United States state legislative elections

Regularly-scheduled elections were held in 86 of the 99 state legislative chambers in the United States; nationwide, regularly-scheduled elections were held for 5,876 of the 7,383 legislative seats. Many legislative chambers had all legislative seats up for election, but some legislative chambers that use staggered elections held elections for only a portion of the total seats in the chamber.[g] Although most states held regularly-scheduled elections for both legislative chambers, Alabama, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, New Jersey and Virginia did not hold state legislative elections, and Michigan held elections only for the lower house.[f] Nebraska, the only state that does not have a bicameral state legislature, held elections for half of the seats in its lone legislative chamber.[77]

A total of two legislative chambers changed partisan control in 2020, as Republicans gained control of both chambers in New Hampshire.[78][79] This represented the fewest partisan changes in state legislatures since 1944.[80]

Prior to the November 2020 elections, Democrats held 15 "trifectas" (control of the governor's office and both legislative chambers), Republicans held 20 trifectas, and 14 states have a divided government. Not included in this tally is Nebraska, as its legislature officially recognizes no party affiliations.[81][82] Nationwide, Republicans controlled approximately 60 percent of the legislative chambers and 52 percent of the legislative seats.[83] The 2020 elections created two new trifectas, as the New Hampshire and Montana state government shifted from divided government to Republican control.

Attorney general

Main article: 2020 United States attorney general elections

Regularly-scheduled elections were held in 10 of 43 states that elect attorneys general. The previous attorney general elections for this group of states took place in 2016, except in Vermont where attorneys general only serve two-year terms and last elected their current attorney general in 2018. Nine state attorneys general ran for re-election and eight won, while Republican Tim Fox of Montana could not run again due to term limits and Republican Curtis Hill of Indiana was eliminated in the Republican convention.[84]

No attorneys general offices changed party control in 2020.[85]

Secretary of State

Main article: 2020 United States secretary of state elections

Regularly-scheduled elections were held in 7 of 35 states that elect secretaries of states. The previous secretary of state elections for this group of states took place in 2016, except in Vermont where secretaries of state only serve two-year terms and last elected their current secretary of state in 2018. Five state secretaries of state ran for re-election and all five won, while Republicans Corey Stapleton of Montana and Bev Clarno of Oregon chose to retire.[86]

Democrats picked up the secretary of state office in Oregon.[87]

State Treasurer

Main article: 2020 United States state treasurer elections

Regularly-scheduled elections were held in nine states. The previous state treasurer elections for this group of states took place in 2016, except in Vermont where state treasurers only serve two-year terms and last elected their current state treasurer in 2018. Eight state treasurers ran for re-election and five won, while Republican Kelly Schmidt of North Dakota chose to retire.[88]

Republicans picked up the state treasurer offices in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. While Democrats picked up the state treasurer office in Washington.[88]

Other state elections

See also: State supreme court § Selection, and List of U.S. statewide elected officials
 
Partisan control of state and territorial governments following the 2020 elections:
  Democratic trifecta maintained
  Republican trifecta maintained
  Republican trifecta established
  Divided government established
  Divided government maintained
  Officially non-partisan, unicameral legislature

In 2020, 82 state supreme court seats are up for election in 35 states. This constitutes 24% of all state supreme court seats in the country. Various other state courts will also hold elections in 2020. Various state executive positions are also up for election in 2020.

Referendums and ballot measures

 
In the 2020 Mississippi flag referendum, Mississippi voters adopted a new state flag (pictured), replacing the former state flag, which included a representation of the Confederate battle flag.

In the 2020 elections, voters considered a number of referendums, initiatives, ballot measures, and state constitutional amendments on a variety of topics, ranging from Medicaid expansion to marijuana legalization to voting rights.[89] Since the murder of George Floyd and subsequent protests, there were at least 20 police-related ballot measures across the country, including in California, Illinois, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Texas, and Washington.[90]

  • In the 2020 Puerto Rican status referendum, Puerto Ricans decisively voted for statehood; the measure was nonbinding (since only Congress may admit a state to the Union) but was a significant step forward in Puerto Rico's effort to become a state.[91][92]
  • Four states legalized marijuana for recreational use: New Jersey, South Dakota, Montana (Montana I-190), and Arizona (Proposition 207).[93] The measures passed by broad margins.[93]
  • Oregon became the first U.S. state to decriminalize possession of small amounts of "harder drugs" such as cocaine, heroin, or methamphetamine, making possession a civil violation rather than a criminal offense. The measure also directed revenue raised from marijuana sales taxes to drug addiction treatment.[93]
  • Oregon also became the first state to legalize the use of psychedelic mushrooms, with Measure 109 passing with 56% of the vote. The measure allows the regulated use of psychedelic mushrooms by adults over the age of 21 in supervised, therapeutic settings, and requires secure storage at licensed facilities.[94]
  • Alabama, Colorado, and Florida voters passed state constitutional amendments narrowing the right to vote in elections by replacing language in the state constitution stating "every citizen" has the right to vote with "only a citizen." These measures had no practical impact since non-citizens were not permitted to vote in U.S. elections before the measures were adopted.[95][96][97]
  • Colorado voters decided to keep the state in the National Popular Vote Interstate Compact by a 52-to-48 margin, rejecting a repeal effort.[98]
  • Voters in Rhode Island decided to remove "and Providence Plantations" from the state's official name.[99]
  • In California, voters rejected Proposition 16, a measure to repeal the state ban on affirmative action.[100][101]
  • In California, Proposition 22 passed with 58% of the vote; the measure, which was backed by $200 million from Uber/Postmates, Lyft, DoorDash, and Instacart, reversed a recently passed state law requiring those companies to treat "gig economy" workers as employees (entitled to the full array of employee benefits) rather than as independent contractors.[102][103]
  • In California, Proposition 25, a veto referendum, passed by broad margins, thus nullifying a state bill that would have replaced cash bail with risk assessments for suspects detained pending trial.[104]
  • In Mississippi voters overwhelmingly approved a new state flag, replacing the former divisive state flag, which included the Confederate battle flag.[105][106]
  • Missouri voters approved an initiative amending their state constitutions to expand Medicaid under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, circumventing the Republican-dominated state legislature, which had refused to do so.[107][108][109] The Missouri constitutional amendment will expand Medicaid access to a quarter-million more adults starting in July 2021.[109]
  • Michigan voters approved a legislatively referred state constitutional amendment prohibiting the unreasonable search and seizure of electronic data and electronic communications and requiring state and local police to obtain a search warrant before searching electronic data.[110] The measure, passed with 89% of the vote.[111] Michigan became the 13th state to include privacy protections in a state constitution, and the third state to add such protection by ballot measure.[110]
  • Maryland voters approved by a 2–1 margin, a ballot measure to legalize sports betting at stadiums and casinos, with tax proceeds benefiting K-12 public schools; the vote made Maryland the 18th state to legalize sports betting.[112]
  • Ballot measures to remove "penal exceptions" from state constitutional prohibitions on slavery (language that allowed slavery as a criminal punishment) passed in Nebraska and Utah, with about 68% and 80% of the vote, respectively. These unenforceable and obsolete provisions were once used for convict leasing and forced prisoner labor.[105][113]
  • Maine voters, in the March 2020 primary ballot, rejected (by a wide margin) a veto referendum that sought to overturn a new Maine state law that eliminated religious and philosophical exemptions from mandatory vaccinations for K-12 and college students and employees of healthcare facilities.[114]
  • Alaska voters narrowly approved an initiative to replace partisan primaries with top-four open primaries and ranked-choice voting for state, federal, and presidential level.[115][116][117][118]
  • In Florida, a proposed state constitutional amendment to establish open "jungle primaries" (also called "top-two" primaries), with the top two vote-getters advancing to the November ballot (irrespective of party) was defeated; 57% voted to approve, short of the three-fifths (60%) vote required.[119][120]
  • Massachusetts voters rejected Question 2, an initiative to implement ranked-choice voting for future state elections, with about 55% voting against the question.[121][122] Massachusetts voters approved Question 1 with a 75% "yes" vote,[122] extending the "right to repair" to certain vehicles, extending 2012 legislation and consumers' rights to obtain telematics data.[123][124]
  • Illinois voted against the Illinois Fair Tax, a proposed state amendment championed by Governor J. B. Pritzker, which, had it passed, would have changed the state income tax system from a flat tax to a graduated income tax.[125][126]
  • Georgia approved, by wide margins, ballot questions that aimed to make funds collected from taxes and fees used for their intended projects (passed with 82% of the vote); waived sovereign immunity in cases alleging unconstitutionality of a law; and exempting certain charities from property tax.[127][128][129][130]
  • Florida, Arkansas and North Dakota voters defeated legislatively-referred measures which would have restricted the ability of citizens to place questions on the ballot or added hurdles to enacting laws via ballot measure. In Florida, voters defeated a measure would have required voters to pass future state constitutional amendments by 60% in two successive elections (rather than one election) in order for the amendment to be adopted.[131] In North Dakota, voters defeated a measure would have required future successful citizen-initiated constitutional amendments to be sent to the legislature for further approval, and would refer those which failed to get legislative approval back to the ballot in the next general election;[132] In Arkansas, voters defeated Issue 3, a measure would have required future ballot initiatives to gain half of the required petition signatures from each of 45 counties instead of the current 15 counties and also raised the threshold for the legislature to place a proposed constitutional amendment on the ballot from a simple majority of both chambers to three-fifths vote of both chambers.[133]

Several proposed referendums failed to secure the necessary number of signatures to appear on ballots due to disruptions and social distancing measures undertaken after the COVID-19 pandemic. These included an effort in Ohio to raise the state's hourly minimum wage from $8.70 to $13; an anti-gerrymandering efforts in Oklahoma and Arkansas; and a California effort to allow electronic signatures for future California ballot measures.[134]

Impact on redistricting

Main article: 2020 United States redistricting cycle

Following the 2020 United States census, the state delegations to the U.S. House of Representatives will undergo reapportionment, and both the U.S. House of Representatives and the state legislatures will undergo redistricting. In states without redistricting commissions, the legislators and governors elected between 2017 and 2020 will draw the new congressional and state legislative districts that will take effect starting with the 2022 elections. State supreme courts can also have a significant effect on redistricting, as demonstrated in states such as Pennsylvania and Virginia. Thus the 2020 elections had a significant impact on the 2020 United States redistricting cycle. Barring court orders or mid-decade redistricting, the districts drawn in the redistricting cycle will remain in place until the next round of redistricting begins in 2030.[135][136]

In the 2020 elections, the Republican Party won several legislative chambers and gubernatorial positions that had been selected by Democrats as key redistricting targets. Republicans flipped control of the New Hampshire legislature, defended the governorship of Missouri, retained control of both legislative chambers in Iowa, North Carolina, and Texas, and gained a super-majority in both chambers of the Kansas legislature, giving the party control of the key redistricting institutions in those states. Republicans also retained control of the Pennsylvania legislature and Minnesota Senate, ensuring divided partisan control of redistricting in both states. Additionally, the passage of a referendum in Virginia removed control of redistricting from the Democratic-controlled legislature to an independent commission.[79] However, in New York, Democrats gained a two-thirds super-majority in the State Senate and held their super-majority in the State Assembly, giving the party full control of redistricting.[137]

Territorial elections

Further information: 2020 Puerto Rican general election and 2020 Guamanian legislative election

The U.S. territories of American Samoa and Puerto Rico held gubernatorial and legislative elections in 2020, while Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, and the U.S. Virgin Islands held legislative elections. Along with Washington, D.C., each territory also held elections for a non-voting delegate to the U.S. House of Representatives. All non-voting delegates serve two-year terms, with the exception of the Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico, a non-voting position with a four-year term. Washington, D.C., also held elections for its shadow representative and one of its two shadow senators. The five territories also took part in the 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries and the 2020 Republican Party presidential primaries.

Local elections

Mayoral elections

Since the beginning of 2020, various major cities have seen incumbent mayors re-elected, including Bakersfield (Karen Goh),[138] Fremont (Lily Mei),[139] and Sacramento, California (Darrell Steinberg);[140] Baton Rouge, Louisiana (Sharon Weston Broome);[141] Chesapeake (David West),[142] Fairfax City (David Meyer),[142] Fredericksburg (Mary Katherine Greenlaw),[142] Hampton (Donnie Tuck),[142] Richmond (Levar Stoney),[143] and Virginia Beach, Virginia (Bobby Dyer);[144] Glendale (Jerry Weiers),[145] Mesa (John Giles),[146] and Phoenix, Arizona (Kate Gallego);[147] Irving (Rick Stopfer)[148] and Lubbock, Texas (Dan Pope);[149] Milwaukee, Wisconsin (Tom Barrett);[150] Portland, Oregon (Ted Wheeler);[151] Salt Lake County, Utah (Jenny Wilson);[152] Wilmington, Delaware (Mike Purzycki);[153] Winston-Salem, North Carolina (Allen Joines);[154] and Bayamón, Puerto Rico (Ramón Luis Rivera Jr.).[155]

In Norfolk, Virginia, Mayor Kenny Alexander was unopposed in seeking reelection,[142] as was Mayor John Cruz in Hagåtña, Guam.[156] In Tulsa, Oklahoma, incumbent mayor G. T. Bynum earned reelection by winning an outright majority in the August primary.[157]

Open mayoral seats were won in Clearwater (Frank Hibbard)[158] and Miami-Dade County, Florida (Daniella Levine Cava);[159] Fresno (Jerry Dyer),[160] Riverside (Patricia Lock Dawson),[161] San Diego (Todd Gloria),[162] and Santa Ana, California (Vicente Sarmiento);[163] Gilbert (Brigette Peterson)[147] and Scottsdale, Arizona (David Ortega);[147] Honolulu, Hawaiʻi (Rick Blangiardi);[164] and San Juan, Puerto Rico (Miguel Romero).[165]

In Baltimore, Maryland, city council president Democrat Brandon Scott was elected to replace incumbent Democrat Jack Young who came in fifth in a crowded primary.[166][167] In Stockton, California, Kevin Lincoln defeated one-term incumbent mayor Michael Tubbs, who was first Black mayor of the city and the youngest person elected to the position when he unseated incumbent mayor Anthony Silva in 2016.[168] In Texas, two mayoral runoff elections in December saw incumbents defeated: In Corpus Christi, city councilwoman Paulette Guajardo defeated incumbent Joe McComb,[169] and in El Paso, former mayor Oscar Leeser unseated one-term incumbent Dee Margo.[170] In Ely, Minnesota, Eric Urbas defeated three-term incumbent mayor Chuck Novack despite Urbas having dropped out of the race in August.[171] In Rabbit Hash, Kentucky, incumbent Brynneth Pawltro was ousted by Wilbur Beast, a 6-month-old French bulldog.[172] The town has never had a human mayor; Pawltro is a pit bull terrier.

Mayoral recalls

Several mayors faced recall campaigns during 2020. Mayors in Broken Bow, Nebraska; Diamond City, Arkansas; Heyburn, Idaho; and Oregon City, Oregon, were removed from office. Mayors in Elizabeth and Idaho Springs, Colorado; Humboldt, Nebraska; Powers, Oregon; Stevensville, Montana; and Westminster, California were retained in office.[173]

Other elections and referendums

Tribal elections

A number of Native American tribal governments held elections for tribal leadership in 2020. As with other elections in the country, the coronavirus pandemic disrupted many elections, delaying primaries and shifting some voting from in-person to postal.

The Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation reelected President Bernadine Burnette;[179] the Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians reelected Tribal Chairman Aaron A. Payment;[180] Oneida Nation of Wisconsin reelected Chairman Tehassi Hill;[181] the Bois Forte Band of Chippewa reelected Tribal Chair Cathy Chavers;[182] the Wichita and Affiliated Tribes reelected President Terri Parton;[183] the Sitka Tribe of Alaska reelected Tribal Chairman Lawrence "Woody" Widmark;[184] and incumbent Tribal Chief Donald (Doc) Slyter was unopposed in seeking reelection to lead the Confederated Tribes of Coos, Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw Indians.[185] Stephanie Bryan, the first woman to serve as chair of the Poarch Band of Creek Indians, also won reelection.[186] United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians incumbent Tribal Chief Joe Bunch, who was impeached but not removed from office in January 2020,[187] was re-elected.

In a runoff election, former South Dakota state senator Kevin Killer defeated incumbent Oglala Lakota Tribe president Julian Running Bear, who made the runoff by a single vote after surviving an impeachment effort in September.[188][189][190] Crow Nation Senator Frank White Clay defeated incumbent tribal chairman A.J. Not Afraid Jr.[191] Kristopher Peters was elected Squaxin Island Tribe tribal council chairman, defeating incumbent Arnold Cooper,[192] and Joseph Tali Byrd defeated long-time Quapaw Nation Business Committee Chairman John Berrey.[193] Durell Cooper defeated incumbent Apache Tribe of Oklahoma Tribal Chairman Bobby Komardley.[194] Walter R. Echo-Hawk was unopposed in a special election for president of the Pawnee Nation of Oklahoma Business Council[195] following the April 2020 recall of the prior president, James Whiteshirt.[196] The Shakopee Mdewakanton Sioux Community elected Keith Anderson tribal chairman, replacing the retiring Charlie Vig.[197]

Three Minnesota Chippewa Tribe bands had candidates win more than 50% of the votes in June primaries, eliminating the need for a general election: Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe incumbent tribal chair Faron Jackson Sr.,[198] White Earth Nation incumbent chief executive Michael Fairbanks,[199] and, on the Grand Portage Indian Reservation, challenger Bobby Deschampe, who defeated incumbent tribal chair Beth Drost.[200]

Northern Cheyenne voters elected five women to the tribal council, along with electing Donna Marie Fisher as tribal president and Serena Wetherelt as vice president. It is the first time women will make up the majority on the Northern Cheyenne tribal council.[201]

Tribal referendums

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic

Further information: Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics § Election impacts on the United States
See also: Postal voting in the 2020 United States elections
 
A poll worker sanitizes an election booth in Davis, California

Starting in March 2020, elections across the United States were delayed and disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Numerous states delayed presidential primaries, while Alabama delayed the Republican primary Senatorial run-off and North Carolina and Mississippi delayed Republican primary run-off for congressional seats.[204] Iowa, Missouri, South Carolina, and Texas all delayed municipal elections, and in New York City the special election for Queens borough president was cancelled.[205] The pandemic also led to the postponement of the 2020 Democratic National Convention, and both the 2020 Democratic National Convention and the 2020 Republican National Convention were held virtually.[206]

California Governor Gavin Newsom speaks about the decision to sign an executive order requiring mail-in voting in the 2020 November election.

To help enforce social distancing, many states expanded absentee and vote-by-mail options for 2020 primary elections and the November general elections.[207] Several elections, including Democratic primaries in Alaska and Hawaiʻi, as well as the Maryland 7th congressional district special election, were conducted entirely with mail-in ballots only.[205]

While the pandemic was impacting a number of things in elections 2020, Donald Trump was reported of planning to host his Election Night party at the White House. Two officials informed that Trump was planning a large indoor party of nearly 400 people at the East Room. The Trump Hotel on Pennsylvania Avenue was initially chosen as the venue, but this was later changed due to the coronavirus restrictions that limited such gatherings to 50 people.[208][209]

Turnout

 
Turnout by voting eligible population (VEP) in U.S. presidential elections since 1948.

With many states easing rules on early voting in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, the 2020 election saw an unprecedented rate of early voting.[210] By October 26, with eight days remaining until the election, the total early vote throughout the United States had eclipsed that of 2016.[211] In total, about 100 million voters cast early votes, compared to the approximately 57 million early votes cast in 2016.[212] Democrats disproportionately voted by mail, while Republicans tended to vote more frequently in person.[210]

Just under 160 million people voted in the 2020 elections, compared to a turnout of approximately 137 million in the 2016 presidential election. Michael McDonald projects that about 67% of the voting eligible population voted in 2020, the highest rate of voter participation since the 1952 election.[213][214] The 2020 elections saw the highest rate of voter participation by voting eligible population since the ratification of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which prohibits racial discrimination in voting, and the Twenty-sixth Amendment, which effectively lowered the national voting age from 21 to 18.[215][216]

Public perceptions and analysis

In a poll conducted in 2019, 59% of respondents expressed that they are not confident in the "honesty of U.S. elections".[217] In an August 2020 survey, 49% of respondents said that they expect voting to be "difficult", up from 15% in 2018; 75% of Republicans, but less than half of Democrats were confident that the elections "will be conducted fairly and accurately".[218] In an October 2020 survey, 47% of respondents disagreed with the statement that the election "is likely to be fair and honest", 51% would not "generally agree on who is the legitimately elected president of the United States";[219] 56% said that they expect "an increase in violence as a result of the election".[219] 49% of college students polled in September 2020 said that the elections won't be "fair and open", 55% that "it will not be administered well", and 81% that "special interest groups have more influence over election outcomes than voters".[220]

According to an October 2020 poll, eight out of ten Americans consider misinformation a "major problem";[221] Biden supporters were more likely than Trump supporters to trust the news media and their candidate's messaging.[221][222]

Historian Timothy Snyder, an expert on authoritarianism, said that "it's important not to talk about this as just an election. It's an election surrounded by the authoritarian language of a coup d'etat. [...] [Trump] seems pretty sure he won't win the election, [but] he doesn't want to leave the office." According to Snyder, in order to overcome Trump's "authoritarian's instinct", the opposition "has to win the election and it has to win the aftermath of the election."[223]

According to political scientist Gary C. Jacobson, "The 2020 elections extended several long-term trends in American electoral politics that were driven to new extremes by the singularly divisive person and presidency of Donald J. Trump. The election set new records for electoral continuity, party loyalty, nationalization, polarization, and presidential influence on the down-ballot vote choices, to the point where local factors such as incumbency, candidate quality, and campaign spending barely registered in the congressional election results."[224]

Table of state, territorial, and federal results

See also: Political party strength in U.S. states

This table shows the partisan results of president, congressional, gubernatorial, and state legislative races held in each state and territory in 2020. Note that not all states and territories held gubernatorial, state legislative, and U.S. Senate elections in 2020. The five territories and Washington, D.C., do not elect members of the U.S. Senate, and the territories do not take part in presidential elections; instead, they each elect one non-voting member of the House. Nebraska's unicameral legislature and the governorship and legislature of American Samoa are elected on a non-partisan basis and therefore political party affiliation is not listed.

Subdivision and PVI[225] Before 2020 elections[226] After 2020 elections
Subdivision PVI Governor State leg. U.S. Senate U.S. House Pres.[h] Governor State leg. U.S. Senate U.S. House
Alabama R+14 Rep Rep Split Rep 6–1 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 6–1
Alaska R+9 Rep Split Rep Rep 1–0 Rep Rep Split[i] Rep Rep 1–0
Arizona R+5 Rep Rep Split Dem 5–4 Dem Rep Rep Dem Dem 5–4
Arkansas R+15 Rep Rep Rep Rep 4–0 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 4–0
California D+12 Dem Dem Dem Dem 45–7 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem 42–11
Colorado D+1 Dem Dem Split Dem 4–3 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem 4–3
Connecticut D+6 Dem Dem Dem Dem 5–0 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem 5–0
Delaware D+6 Dem Dem Dem Dem 1–0 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem 1–0
Florida R+2 Rep Rep Rep Rep 14–13 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 16–11
Georgia R+5 Rep Rep Rep Rep 8–4 Dem Rep Rep Dem Rep 8–6
Hawaii D+18 Dem Dem Dem Dem 2–0 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem 2–0
Idaho R+19 Rep Rep Rep Rep 2–0 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 2–0
Illinois D+7 Dem Dem Dem Dem 13–5 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem 13–5
Indiana R+9 Rep Rep Rep Rep 7–2 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 7–2
Iowa R+3 Rep Rep Rep Dem 3–1 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 3–1
Kansas R+13 Dem Rep Rep Rep 3–1 Rep Dem Rep Rep Rep 3–1
Kentucky R+15 Dem Rep Rep Rep 5–1 Rep Dem Rep Rep Rep 5–1
Louisiana R+11 Dem Rep Rep Rep 5–1 Rep Dem Rep Rep Rep 5–1
Maine D+3 Dem Dem Split R/I[j] Dem 2–0 Dem[k] Dem Dem Split R/I[j] Dem 2–0
Maryland D+12 Rep Dem Dem Dem 7–1 Dem Rep Dem Dem Dem 7–1
Massachusetts D+12 Rep Dem Dem Dem 9–0 Dem Rep Dem Dem Dem 9–0
Michigan D+1 Dem Rep Dem Dem 7–6–1 Dem Dem Rep Dem Split 7–7
Minnesota D+1 Dem Split Dem Dem 5–3 Dem Dem Split Dem Split 4–4
Mississippi R+9 Rep Rep Rep Rep 3–1 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 3–1
Missouri R+9 Rep Rep Rep Rep 6–2 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 6–2
Montana R+11 Dem Rep Split Rep 1–0 Rep Rep Rep Split Rep 1–0
Nebraska R+14 Rep NP Rep Rep 3–0 Rep[l] Rep NP Rep Rep 3–0
Nevada D+1 Dem Dem Dem Dem 3–1 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem 3–1
New Hampshire Even Rep Dem Dem Dem 2–0 Dem Rep Rep Dem Dem 2–0
New Jersey D+7 Dem Dem Dem Dem 10–2 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem 10–2
New Mexico D+3 Dem Dem Dem Dem 3–0 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem 2–1
New York D+11 Dem Dem Dem Dem 21–6 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem 19–8
North Carolina R+3 Dem Rep Rep Rep 9–3 Rep Dem Rep Rep Rep 8–5
North Dakota R+17 Rep Rep Rep Rep 1–0 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 1–0
Ohio R+3 Rep Rep Split Rep 12–4 Rep Rep Rep Split Rep 12–4
Oklahoma R+20 Rep Rep Rep Rep 4–1 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 5–0
Oregon D+5 Dem Dem Dem Dem 4–1 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem 4–1
Pennsylvania Even Dem Rep Split Split 9–9 Dem Dem Rep Split Split 9–9
Rhode Island D+10 Dem Dem Dem Dem 2–0 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem 2–0
South Carolina R+8 Rep Rep Rep Rep 5–2 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 6–1
South Dakota R+14 Rep Rep Rep Rep 1–0 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 1–0
Tennessee R+14 Rep Rep Rep Rep 7–2 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 7–2
Texas R+8 Rep Rep Rep Rep 22–13 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 23–13
Utah R+20 Rep Rep Rep Rep 3–1 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 4–0
Vermont D+15 Rep Dem Split D/I[m] Dem 1–0 Dem Rep Dem Split D/I[m] Dem 1–0
Virginia D+1 Dem Dem Dem Dem 7–4 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem 7–4
Washington D+7 Dem Dem Dem Dem 7–3 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem 7–3
West Virginia R+20 Rep Rep Split Rep 3–0 Rep Rep Rep Split Rep 3–0
Wisconsin Even Dem Rep Split Rep 5–3 Dem Dem Rep Split Rep 5–3
Wyoming R+25 Rep Rep Rep Rep 1–0 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 1–0
United States Even Rep 26–24 Rep 28–19–2 Rep 53–47[n] Dem 232–197 Dem Rep 27–23 Rep 29–18–2 Dem 50–50[a] Dem 222–213
Washington, D.C. D+43 Dem[o] Dem[o] — Dem Dem Dem[o] Dem[o] — Dem
American Samoa — NP/D[p] NP Rep — NP/D[q] NP Rep
Guam Dem Dem Dem Dem[r] Dem Dem Dem
N. Mariana Islands Rep Rep Ind[s] — Rep Split[t] Ind[s]
Puerto Rico PNP/R[u] PNP PNP/R[v] PNP/D[w] PDP PNP/R[v]
U.S. Virgin Islands Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem
Subdivision PVI Governor State leg. U.S. Senate U.S. House President Governor State leg. U.S. Senate U.S. House
Subdivision and PVI Before 2020 elections After 2020 elections

Table of partisan control of state legislatures

Subdivision[225][229] Before 2020 elections[230][x] After 2020 elections
Subdivision PVI % Pop. Governor Upper house Lower house Overall Governor Upper house Lower house Overall
 
Alabama R+14 1.48 Rep Rep 27–8 Rep 75–28 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep
Alaska R+9 0.22 Rep Rep 13–7 Coal. 22–17[y] Div Rep Rep Coal. Div
Arizona R+5 2.19 Rep Rep 17–13 Rep 31–29 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep
Arkansas R+15 0.91 Rep Rep 26–9 Rep 75–23 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep
California D+12 11.91 Dem Dem 29–11 Dem 61–17–1 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem
Colorado D+1 1.74 Dem Dem 19–16 Dem 41–24 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem
Connecticut D+6 1.07 Dem Dem 22–14 Dem 91–60 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem
Delaware D+6 0.29 Dem Dem 12–9 Dem 26–15 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem
Florida R+2 6.47 Rep Rep 23–17 Rep 73–46 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep
Georgia R+5 3.2 Rep Rep 35–21 Rep 105–75 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep
Hawaii D+18 0.43 Dem Dem 24–1 Dem 46–5 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem
Idaho R+19 0.54 Rep Rep 28–7 Rep 56–14 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep
Illinois D+7 3.82 Dem Dem 40–19 Dem 73–44 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem
Indiana R+9 2.03 Rep Rep 40–10 Rep 67–33 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep
Iowa R+3 0.95 Rep Rep 32–18 Rep 53–47 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep
Kansas R+13 0.88 Dem Rep 29–11 Rep 84–41 Div Dem Rep Rep Div
Kentucky R+15 1.35 Dem Rep 28–10 Rep 62–38 Div Dem Rep Rep Div
Louisiana R+11 1.4 Dem Rep 27–12 Rep 68–35–2 Div Dem Rep Rep Div
Maine D+3 0.41 Dem Dem 21–14 Dem 88–57–6 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem
Maryland D+12 1.82 Rep Dem 32–14 Dem 99–42 Div Rep Dem Dem Div
Massachusetts D+12 2.09 Rep Dem 36–4 Dem 127–31–1 Div Rep Dem Dem Div
Michigan D+1 3.01 Dem Rep 22–16 Rep 58–51 Div Dem Rep Rep Div
Minnesota D+1 1.7 Dem Rep 35–32 Dem 75–59 Div Dem Rep Dem Div
Mississippi R+9 0.9 Rep Rep 36–16 Rep 76–45–1 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep
Missouri R+9 1.85 Rep Rep 23–8 Rep 113–48 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep
Montana R+11 0.32 Dem Rep 30–20 Rep 57–43 Div Rep Rep Rep Rep
Nebraska R+14 0.58 Rep NP[z] —[z] Rep NP[z] —[z]
Nevada D+1 0.93 Dem Dem 13–8 Dem 29–13 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem
New Hampshire Even 0.41 Rep Dem 14–10 Dem 231–158–1 Div Rep Rep Rep Rep
New Jersey D+7 2.68 Dem Dem 25–15 Dem 52–28 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem
New Mexico D+3 0.63 Dem Dem 26–16 Dem 45–24 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem
New York D+11 5.86 Dem Dem 40–20 Dem 103–42–1 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem
North Carolina R+3 3.16 Dem Rep 28–21 Rep 64–55 Div Dem Rep Rep Div
North Dakota R+17 0.23 Rep Rep 37–10 Rep 79–15 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep
Ohio R+3 3.52 Rep Rep 24–9 Rep 61–38 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep
Oklahoma R+20 1.19 Rep Rep 38–9 Rep 77–23 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep
Oregon D+5 1.27 Dem Dem 18–12 Dem 38–22 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem
Pennsylvania Even 3.86 Dem Rep 28–21–1 Rep 109–93 Div Dem Rep Rep Div
Rhode Island D+10 0.32 Dem Dem 33–5 Dem 66–9 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem
South Carolina R+8 1.55 Rep Rep 27–19 Rep 78–44 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep
South Dakota R+14 0.27 Rep Rep 30–5 Rep 59–11 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep
Tennessee R+14 2.06 Rep Rep 28–5 Rep 73–26 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep
Texas R+8 8.74 Rep Rep 19–11 Rep 84–66 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep
Utah R+20 0.97 Rep Rep 23–6 Rep 59–16 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep
Vermont D+15 0.19 Rep Dem 22–6–1 Dem 94–44–12 Div Rep Dem Dem Div
Virginia D+1 2.57 Dem Dem 21–19 Dem 55–45 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem
Washington D+7 2.29 Dem Dem 29–20 Dem 57–41 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem
West Virginia R+20 0.54 Rep Rep 20–14 Rep 58–41–1 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep
Wisconsin Even 1.75 Dem Rep 18–13 Rep 63–35 Div Dem Rep Rep Div
Wyoming R+25 0.17 Rep Rep 27–3 Rep 50–9–1 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep
U.S. states — 98.71 Rep 26–24 Rep 30–19 Rep 28–21[aa] Rep 20–15[ab] Rep 27–23 Rep 31–18 Rep 29–20 Rep 22–15
Washington, D.C. D+43 0.21 Dem[o] Dem[o] Dem Dem Dem Dem
American Samoa — 0.02 NP/D[ac] NP NP NP NP/D[p] NP NP NP
Guam 0.05 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem
N. Mariana Islands 0.02 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep Div Div
Puerto Rico 0.96 PNP/R[ad] PNP PNP PNP PNP/D Div PDP Div
U.S. Virgin Islands 0.03 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem
United States Even 100 28–28 Rep 31–22[ae] Rep 30–20 Rep 21–18 28–28 Rep 32–21[ae] Rep 29–20 Rep 22–18
Subdivision PVI % Pop. Governor Upper house Lower house Overall Governor Upper house Lower house Overall
Subdivision Before 2020 elections After 2020 elections

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b The 2020 Senate elections left both parties with 50 Senate seats, leaving the Vice President of the United States to break ties. Republicans retained control of the chamber until January 20, 2021, when Vice President Kamala Harris and senators Alex Padilla, Jon Ossoff, and Raphael Warnock were sworn in.
  2. ^ 48 states allocate all of their electoral votes to the winner of the statewide vote, while two states, Maine and Nebraska, allocate two electoral votes to the winner of the statewide vote and allocate the remaining votes to the winner of each congressional district.
  3. ^ Under federal law, individuals do not become official candidates for president until they raise and report at least $5000 for their campaign, and not all of the individuals who listed themselves as candidates reached this threshold.[47]
  4. ^ 2 Independents not up
  5. ^ The results of one 2018 race, the 2018 North Carolina's 9th congressional district election, were declared void due to voting irregularities.
  6. ^ a b Some or all of the legislative chambers not holding regularly-scheduled elections in 2020 may nonetheless hold special elections in 2020.
  7. ^ The upper houses of Alaska, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Missouri, Montana, Nevada, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming held elections for half of the seats in the chamber. The North Dakota House of Representatives is the only lower house in which only half of the seats were up for election. The Illinois Senate held elections for one-third of the seats in the chamber.[77]
  8. ^ This column reflects the individual who won a plurality of the state's popular vote in the 2020 presidential election.
  9. ^ Republicans won a majority of seats in the state house, but they will continue organizing under a coalition caucus in the next session of the Alaska legislature.[227]
  10. ^ a b One of Maine's senators, Susan Collins, is a Republican. The other senator from Maine, Angus King, is an independent who has caucused with the Democrats since taking office in 2013.
  11. ^ Three of Maine's four electoral votes were called for Biden, while the remaining electoral vote was called for Trump.
  12. ^ Four of Nebraska's electoral votes were called for Trump, while one of its electoral votes was called for Biden.
  13. ^ a b One of Vermont's senators, Patrick Leahy, is a Democrat. The other senator from Vermont, Bernie Sanders, was elected as an independent and has caucused with the Democrats since taking office in 2007.
  14. ^ Prior to the 2020 Senate elections, the Democratic Senate caucus consisted of 45 Democrats and two independents.
  15. ^ a b c d e f Washington, D.C., does not elect a governor or state legislature, but it does elect a mayor and a city council.
  16. ^ a b Although elections for governor of American Samoa are non-partisan, Governor Lolo Matalasi Moliga has affiliated with the Democratic Party at the national level since re-election in 2016.
  17. ^ Although elections for governor of American Samoa are non-partisan, Governor Lemanu Peleti Mauga affiliates with the Democratic Party at the national level.
  18. ^ Although Guam does not have a vote in the Electoral College, the territory has held a presidential advisory vote for every presidential election since 1980.
  19. ^ a b The Northern Mariana Islands' delegate to Congress, Gregorio Sablan, was elected as an Independent and has caucused with the Democrats since taking office in 2009.
  20. ^ Republicans hold a nominal majority in the Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives with nine seats and Democrats with eight seats; however, one independent caucuses with the Republicans and two with the Democrats, leaving the House split 10–10. One Republican crossed party lines to elect Democrat-aligned Independent Edmund Villagomez as Speaker of the House.[228] With five seats, Republicans maintained control of the Northern Mariana Islands Senate where a Democrat won one seat in 2020 and independents hold the remaining three seats.
  21. ^ Puerto Rican Governor Wanda Vázquez Garced, who became governor after Pedro Pierluisi's succession of Ricardo Rosselló was deemed unconstitutional, is a member of the Puerto Rican New Progressive Party, but affiliates with the Republican Party at the national level.
  22. ^ a b Puerto Rico's Resident Commissioner, Jenniffer González, was elected as a member of the New Progressive Party and has caucused with the Republicans since taking office in 2017.
  23. ^ Puerto Rican Governor-elect Pedro Pierluisi is a member of the Puerto Rican New Progressive Party, but affiliates with the Democratic Party at the national level.
  24. ^ Partisan seat figures were compiled in August 2020.
  25. ^ The Alaska House of Representatives is controlled by a coalition of Democrats, Republicans, and independents. The minority caucus consists of Republicans who are not part of the majority coalition.
  26. ^ a b c d Nebraska has a unicameral, officially non-partisan legislature. For this reason, Nebraska is not included in the overall tallies of partisan control (except for governor) and the overall control column is labeled as "N/A".
  27. ^ Republicans controlled the lower house in 29 states, Democrats controlled the lower house in 20 states, and one state, Alaska, had a lower house controlled by a coalition.
  28. ^ Republicans held a trifecta in 20 states, Democrats held a trifecta in 15 states, and 14 states had a divided government.
  29. ^ Although elections for governor of American Samoa are non-partisan, Governor Lolo Matalasi Moliga has affiliated with the Democratic Party at the national level since re-election in 2016. He is counted as a Democrat for the overall tally.
  30. ^ Puerto Rican Governor Wanda Vázquez Garced is a member of the Puerto Rican New Progressive Party and affiliates with the Republican Party at the national level. She is counted as a Republican in the overall tally.
  31. ^ a b The upper house tally includes the unicameral legislatures of Washington, D.C., Guam, and the U.S. Virgin Islands.

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  202. ^
January 01, 1970
2020, united, states, elections, were, held, tuesday, november, 2020, democratic, party, nominee, former, vice, president, biden, defeated, incumbent, republican, president, donald, trump, presidential, election, despite, losing, seats, house, representatives,. The 2020 United States elections were held on Tuesday November 3 2020 The Democratic Party s nominee former vice president Joe Biden defeated incumbent Republican president Donald Trump in the presidential election Despite losing seats in the House of Representatives Democrats retained control of the House and gained control of the Senate As a result the Democrats obtained a government trifecta the first time since the elections in 2008 that the party gained unified control of Congress and the presidency 1 With Trump losing his bid for re election he became the first defeated incumbent president to have overseen his party lose the presidency and control of both the House and the Senate since Herbert Hoover in 1932 2 3 This was the first time since 1980 that either chamber of Congress flipped partisan control in a presidential year and the first time Democrats did so since 1948 2020 United States elections 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Presidential election yearElection dayNovember 3Incumbent presidentDonald Trump Republican Next Congress117thPresidential electionPartisan controlDemocratic gainPopular vote marginDemocratic 4 5 Electoral voteJoe Biden D 306Donald Trump R 232Presidential election results map Blue denotes states won by Biden Harris and red denotes states won by Trump Pence Numbers indicate electoral votes allotted to the winner of each state or district Senate electionsOverall controlDemocratic gain a Seats contested35 of 100 seats 33 seats of Class II 2 special elections Net seat changeDemocratic 3Map of the 2020 Senate races Georgia held two Senate elections Democratic hold Republican hold Democratic gain Republican gain No electionHouse electionsOverall controlDemocratic holdSeats contestedAll 435 voting members All six non voting delegatesPopular vote marginDemocratic 3 1 Net seat changeRepublican 13Map of the 2020 House of Representatives elections Democratic hold Republican hold Democratic gain Republican gainGubernatorial electionsSeats contested13 11 states two territories Net seat changeRepublican 1Map of the 2020 gubernatorial races Democratic hold Republican hold Republican gain New Progressive hold Nonpartisan No election Biden became his party s nominee after defeating numerous challengers in the Democratic primaries while Trump faced token opposition in the Republican primaries In the congressional elections Democrats lost seats in the House of Representatives but retained their majority in the chamber by a narrow margin Democrats made a net gain of three seats in the Senate for a total of 50 seats taking control of the chamber as newly elected vice president Kamala Harris could cast tie breaking votes Contests for the six non voting congressional delegates from the District of Columbia and the permanently inhabited U S territories were also held during the 2020 elections Regularly scheduled elections were held in 86 of the 99 state legislative chambers and 11 states held their gubernatorial elections Only one state governorship and two legislative chambers changed partisan control as Republicans won the gubernatorial race in Montana and gained control of both legislative chambers in New Hampshire Various other state executive and judicial elections as well as numerous referendums tribal elections mayoral elections and other local elections also took place in 2020 The 2020 elections were the last major set of elections to impact the redistricting cycle that will take place following the 2020 census Significant issues for voters included the ongoing COVID 19 pandemic as well as health care the economy racial unrest and climate change Social distancing guidelines resulted in unprecedented levels of postal voting and early voting Voter turnout greatly exceeded recent elections one projection has turnout by voting eligible population being higher than any election since 1900 After Biden won the election Trump and other Republicans refused to concede making baseless and disproven claims of widespread voter fraud 4 5 6 despite U S election security officials saying that the election was the most secure in American history 7 These attempts to overturn the election resulted in a deadly attack on the U S Capitol which led to Trump being impeached for the second time and deplatformed across several major social media platforms 8 9 10 Contents 1 Issues 2 Federal elections 2 1 Presidential election 2 2 Congressional elections 2 2 1 Senate elections 2 2 2 House of Representatives elections 2 2 2 1 Special elections 3 State elections 3 1 Gubernatorial 3 2 Legislative 3 3 Attorney general 3 4 Secretary of State 3 5 State Treasurer 3 6 Other state elections 3 7 Referendums and ballot measures 3 8 Impact on redistricting 4 Territorial elections 5 Local elections 5 1 Mayoral elections 5 1 1 Mayoral recalls 5 2 Other elections and referendums 6 Tribal elections 6 1 Tribal referendums 7 Impact of the COVID 19 pandemic 8 Turnout 9 Public perceptions and analysis 10 Table of state territorial and federal results 10 1 Table of partisan control of state legislatures 11 See also 12 Notes 13 References 14 Further reading 15 External linksIssuesDuring the campaign the most prominent issues were the ongoing COVID 19 pandemic health care economy race and abortion 11 Democrats emphasized coronavirus economic relief and public health measures such as contact tracing face mask usage and social distancing whereas Republican downplayed the coronavirus 12 scuttled coronavirus economic relief negotiations in the lead up to the election 13 14 and advocated for laxer public health measures to deal with the spread of the coronavirus 15 Trump himself held events across the country including in coronavirus hotspots where attendees did not wear masks and were not socially distancing at the same time he mocked those who wore face masks 16 17 18 The Republican Party opted not to provide a comprehensive platform of its policy positions for the election the 2020 platform was a one page resolution which stated that the party has and will continue to enthusiastically support the president s America first agenda 19 Democrats ran on protecting and expanding the Affordable Care Act while criticizing Republicans for jeopardizing protections for individuals with preexisting conditions 20 21 Republicans generally did not emphasize health care issues as their opposition to the Affordable Care Act had become a political liability by 2020 as the legislation had grown in popularity 21 22 On the environment Democrats proposed plans to combat climate change including through investments in renewable energy and rejoining the Paris Climate Accords whereas Republicans emphasized increased production of oil and natural gas 23 During the election campaign Democrats made calls for criminal justice reform and spoke of a need to reduce systemic racism in the criminal justice system 24 25 Republicans ran on a law and order and pro police messaging 26 27 While Democrats in many races were moderate Republicans depicted them as extremists or secret socialists who held radical views on criminal justice or climate legislation 26 The rhetoric of incumbent president Donald Trump and his allies during the election campaign was marked by frequent use of falsehoods and promotion of unfounded conspiracy theories 28 29 30 In the lead up to the elections Republicans attacked voting rights and spread falsehoods about voter fraud 31 32 33 34 Trump refused to commit to a peaceful transition of power in case he lost the election 35 While senior Republicans disapproved of Trump s rhetoric in private they refused to rebuke him publicly 36 Federal electionsPresidential election Main article 2020 United States presidential election The U S presidential election of 2020 was the 59th quadrennial U S presidential election and was held to fill a term lasting from January 20 2021 to January 20 2025 By November 7 all major media organizations had projected that former vice president Joe Biden the candidate of the Democratic Party had defeated incumbent Republican president Donald Trump in the election 37 Based on the winner of the popular vote in each state b the Electoral College cast votes on December 14 and Congress counted the electoral votes and formally declared Biden as the election winner in a joint session on January 6 2021 38 In the months after the election Trump challenged the results of the election but on January 7 following congressional certification of the electoral vote and the 2021 storming of the United States Capitol Trump acknowledged that a new administration will be inaugurated 39 Biden won the election with 306 electoral votes and 51 3 of the national popular vote compared to Trump s 232 electoral votes and 46 9 of the popular vote Biden won every state that 2016 Democratic presidential nominee Hillary Clinton won in the 2016 presidential election as well as Arizona Georgia Michigan Pennsylvania Wisconsin and Nebraska s second congressional district Biden won the tipping point state Wisconsin by a margin of 0 6 40 While Biden won the popular vote by 7 million votes across Arizona Georgia and Wisconsin the three states whose electoral votes contributed to Biden s win Biden won by fewer than 45 000 votes 41 In California and New York Biden received 7 million more votes than Trump accounting for Biden s popular vote win 41 Among third party and independent candidates Libertarian Party candidate Jo Jorgensen won 1 2 of the popular vote Green Party candidate Howie Hawkins finished with 0 3 of the vote and various other candidates won about 0 4 of the vote Incumbent Trump won re nomination by his party after facing token opposition in the 2020 Republican primaries 42 43 The Republican Party also re nominated Vice President Mike Pence as Trump s running mate for the 2020 election Biden became the Democratic Party s presumptive nominee in early April 2020 after Bernie Sanders withdrew from the 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries Biden later chose Kamala Harris as his running mate shortly before the 2020 Democratic National Convention 44 Along with Biden and Sanders Elizabeth Warren Michael Bloomberg Pete Buttigieg Amy Klobuchar and Tulsi Gabbard all won at least one delegate in the 2020 Democratic presidential primaries 45 Beyond the two major parties about 1 200 individuals listed their names with the federal government as third party and independent candidates 46 c Biden is the oldest individual to win a US presidential election 48 and Kamala Harris is the first woman to be elected vice president of the US 49 Trump s defeat made him the first incumbent president to lose re election since George H W Bush in the 1992 presidential election 50 and the tenth elected president to lose his re election bid 51 He also became the first elected president to lose the popular vote twice since Benjamin Harrison in the late 19th century and the first president ever to be elected while losing the popular vote to then be impeached and to then lose reelection as an incumbent 2 52 Accounting for the Democratic gain of the House in 2018 2020 represented the first time since the 1930 and 1932 elections as well as the sixth time overall that an opposition party flipped control of the White House and both houses of Congress from the prior governing party following a single presidential term 53 Biden became the first U S presidential candidate to win over 80 million total votes won the highest share of the popular vote of any challenger to an incumbent president since the 1932 presidential election and won the popular vote by the largest margin since Barack Obama s victory in the 2008 presidential election 54 The Democratic victory in the national popular vote marked the seventh time in eight elections that Democrats won the national popular vote although Republicans won the majority of the electoral vote and thus the election in three of those eight elections 55 Congressional elections Senate elections Main article 2020 United States Senate elections 33 12 2 23 30 15 Democratsnot up 12 Democratsup d 23 Republicansup 30 Republicansnot up Control of Senate seats by class after the 2020 elections Class Democratic Independent Republican Next elections 1 21 2 10 2024 2 13 0 20 2026 3 14 0 20 2022 Total 48 2 50 Thirty five of the 100 seats in the United States Senate were up for election in 2020 all 33 seats of Senate Class II and seats in Arizona and Georgia that were up for special elections Republicans defended 23 seats while Democrats defended 12 seats Prior to the 2020 election and including seats not up for election Republicans held 53 Senate seats while Democrats held 45 seats and Democratic aligned independents held the remaining two seats Because the vice president has the casting vote in the Senate Democrats needed to achieve a net gain of at least three seats to achieve control if they won the vice presidency otherwise they needed to achieve a net gain of at least four seats to take the majority Five seats changed partisan control in the 2020 elections as Democrats defeated both Republican incumbents in Georgia as well as the Republican incumbents in the seats up in Arizona and Colorado Republicans picked up one seat by defeating the Democratic incumbent in Alabama The results of the 2020 cycle left both partisan caucuses with 50 senators 56 Democrats gained majority control of the Senate on January 20 2021 when Vice President elect Harris and senators Alex Padilla Jon Ossoff and Raphael Warnock were sworn into office 57 Democrats gained control of the Senate for the first time since they lost control in the 2014 United States Senate elections House of Representatives elections Main article 2020 United States House of Representatives elections nbsp Cartogram of U S House of Representative results Democratic gain Republican gain Democratic hold Republican hold Independent hold New Progressive Puerto Rico amp Republican hold All 435 voting seats in the United States House of Representatives were up for election 218 seats are necessary for a majority The winners of each race serve a two year term Democrats had gained control of the House of Representatives in the 2018 elections winning 235 seats compared to 199 seats for Republicans e Due to vacancies and party switching that arose during the 116th Congress immediately before the November 2020 elections Democrats held 232 seats compared to 197 seats held by Republicans and one seat that of Justin Amash held by the Libertarian Party 58 Thus Republicans needed to gain 21 seats to gain a majority Republicans picked up 14 seats in the House elections defeating thirteen incumbent House Democrats 59 Nationally Democratic House candidates won by a margin of about 3 as many Democrats ran behind Biden 60 The election results left Democrats with a narrow majority of 222 seats at the start of the 117th Congress Special elections Main article Special elections to the United States House of Representatives during the 116th United States Congress Five special elections were held in 2020 to replace a member who resigned or died in office during the 116th U S Congress California s 25th congressional district Republican Mike Garcia defeated Democrat Christy Smith to replace Democrat Katie Hill who on October 27 2019 announced her intent to resign in the wake of ethics concerns surrounding a relationship with a staffer 61 The district has an even partisan index 62 Georgia s 5th congressional district Democrat Kwanza Hall defeated Democrat Robert Michael Franklin Jr to succeed Democrat John Lewis after his death from pancreatic cancer on July 17 2020 63 64 65 The district has a partisan index of D 34 66 Maryland s 7th congressional district Democrat Kweisi Mfume defeated Republican Kimberly Klacik to replace Democrat Elijah Cummings who died in office on October 17 2019 67 The district has a partisan index of D 26 68 New York s 27th congressional district Republican Chris Jacobs defeated Democrat Nate McMurray 69 to succeed Republican Chris Collins who resigned from Congress on October 1 2019 ahead of his pleading guilty to insider trading 70 The district has a partisan index of R 11 71 Wisconsin s 7th congressional district Republican Tom Tiffany defeated Democrat Tricia Zunker to replace Republican Sean Duffy who announced his resignation effective September 23 2019 ahead of the birth of his ninth child who was diagnosed in utero with severe medical complications 72 73 The district has a partisan index of R 7 74 State electionsGubernatorial Main article 2020 United States gubernatorial elections 23 5 1 7 20 Democrats Not Up Democrats Up PNP R Up Republicans Up Republicans Not Up nbsp States holding regularly scheduled legislative and gubernatorial elections in 2020 Governor and all legislative chambers All legislative chambers A portion of legislative chambers None f Elections were held for the governorships of 11 U S states and two U S territories Most elections were for four year terms but the governors of New Hampshire and Vermont each serve two year terms Republicans defended a total of seven seats while Democrats defended six seats Only one state governorship changed parties as Republican Greg Gianforte won the 2020 Montana gubernatorial election succeeding outgoing Democratic governor Steve Bullock 75 In Puerto Rico the governorship was retained by the New Progressive Party although the winning candidate Pedro Pierluisi is affiliated with the Democratic Party replacing an incumbent who was affiliated with the Republican Party 76 Legislative Main article 2020 United States state legislative electionsRegularly scheduled elections were held in 86 of the 99 state legislative chambers in the United States nationwide regularly scheduled elections were held for 5 876 of the 7 383 legislative seats Many legislative chambers had all legislative seats up for election but some legislative chambers that use staggered elections held elections for only a portion of the total seats in the chamber g Although most states held regularly scheduled elections for both legislative chambers Alabama Louisiana Maryland Mississippi New Jersey and Virginia did not hold state legislative elections and Michigan held elections only for the lower house f Nebraska the only state that does not have a bicameral state legislature held elections for half of the seats in its lone legislative chamber 77 A total of two legislative chambers changed partisan control in 2020 as Republicans gained control of both chambers in New Hampshire 78 79 This represented the fewest partisan changes in state legislatures since 1944 80 Prior to the November 2020 elections Democrats held 15 trifectas control of the governor s office and both legislative chambers Republicans held 20 trifectas and 14 states have a divided government Not included in this tally is Nebraska as its legislature officially recognizes no party affiliations 81 82 Nationwide Republicans controlled approximately 60 percent of the legislative chambers and 52 percent of the legislative seats 83 The 2020 elections created two new trifectas as the New Hampshire and Montana state government shifted from divided government to Republican control Attorney general Main article 2020 United States attorney general elections Regularly scheduled elections were held in 10 of 43 states that elect attorneys general The previous attorney general elections for this group of states took place in 2016 except in Vermont where attorneys general only serve two year terms and last elected their current attorney general in 2018 Nine state attorneys general ran for re election and eight won while Republican Tim Fox of Montana could not run again due to term limits and Republican Curtis Hill of Indiana was eliminated in the Republican convention 84 No attorneys general offices changed party control in 2020 85 Secretary of State Main article 2020 United States secretary of state elections Regularly scheduled elections were held in 7 of 35 states that elect secretaries of states The previous secretary of state elections for this group of states took place in 2016 except in Vermont where secretaries of state only serve two year terms and last elected their current secretary of state in 2018 Five state secretaries of state ran for re election and all five won while Republicans Corey Stapleton of Montana and Bev Clarno of Oregon chose to retire 86 Democrats picked up the secretary of state office in Oregon 87 State Treasurer Main article 2020 United States state treasurer elections Regularly scheduled elections were held in nine states The previous state treasurer elections for this group of states took place in 2016 except in Vermont where state treasurers only serve two year terms and last elected their current state treasurer in 2018 Eight state treasurers ran for re election and five won while Republican Kelly Schmidt of North Dakota chose to retire 88 Republicans picked up the state treasurer offices in Pennsylvania and West Virginia While Democrats picked up the state treasurer office in Washington 88 Other state elections See also State supreme court Selection and List of U S statewide elected officials nbsp Partisan control of state and territorial governments following the 2020 elections Democratic trifecta maintained Republican trifecta maintained Republican trifecta established Divided government established Divided government maintained Officially non partisan unicameral legislature In 2020 82 state supreme court seats are up for election in 35 states This constitutes 24 of all state supreme court seats in the country Various other state courts will also hold elections in 2020 Various state executive positions are also up for election in 2020 Referendums and ballot measures nbsp In the 2020 Mississippi flag referendum Mississippi voters adopted a new state flag pictured replacing the former state flag which included a representation of the Confederate battle flag In the 2020 elections voters considered a number of referendums initiatives ballot measures and state constitutional amendments on a variety of topics ranging from Medicaid expansion to marijuana legalization to voting rights 89 Since the murder of George Floyd and subsequent protests there were at least 20 police related ballot measures across the country including in California Illinois Ohio Oregon Pennsylvania Texas and Washington 90 In the 2020 Puerto Rican status referendum Puerto Ricans decisively voted for statehood the measure was nonbinding since only Congress may admit a state to the Union but was a significant step forward in Puerto Rico s effort to become a state 91 92 Four states legalized marijuana for recreational use New Jersey South Dakota Montana Montana I 190 and Arizona Proposition 207 93 The measures passed by broad margins 93 Oregon became the first U S state to decriminalize possession of small amounts of harder drugs such as cocaine heroin or methamphetamine making possession a civil violation rather than a criminal offense The measure also directed revenue raised from marijuana sales taxes to drug addiction treatment 93 Oregon also became the first state to legalize the use of psychedelic mushrooms with Measure 109 passing with 56 of the vote The measure allows the regulated use of psychedelic mushrooms by adults over the age of 21 in supervised therapeutic settings and requires secure storage at licensed facilities 94 Alabama Colorado and Florida voters passed state constitutional amendments narrowing the right to vote in elections by replacing language in the state constitution stating every citizen has the right to vote with only a citizen These measures had no practical impact since non citizens were not permitted to vote in U S elections before the measures were adopted 95 96 97 Colorado voters decided to keep the state in the National Popular Vote Interstate Compact by a 52 to 48 margin rejecting a repeal effort 98 Voters in Rhode Island decided to remove and Providence Plantations from the state s official name 99 In California voters rejected Proposition 16 a measure to repeal the state ban on affirmative action 100 101 In California Proposition 22 passed with 58 of the vote the measure which was backed by 200 million from Uber Postmates Lyft DoorDash and Instacart reversed a recently passed state law requiring those companies to treat gig economy workers as employees entitled to the full array of employee benefits rather than as independent contractors 102 103 In California Proposition 25 a veto referendum passed by broad margins thus nullifying a state bill that would have replaced cash bail with risk assessments for suspects detained pending trial 104 In Mississippi voters overwhelmingly approved a new state flag replacing the former divisive state flag which included the Confederate battle flag 105 106 Missouri voters approved an initiative amending their state constitutions to expand Medicaid under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act circumventing the Republican dominated state legislature which had refused to do so 107 108 109 The Missouri constitutional amendment will expand Medicaid access to a quarter million more adults starting in July 2021 109 Michigan voters approved a legislatively referred state constitutional amendment prohibiting the unreasonable search and seizure of electronic data and electronic communications and requiring state and local police to obtain a search warrant before searching electronic data 110 The measure passed with 89 of the vote 111 Michigan became the 13th state to include privacy protections in a state constitution and the third state to add such protection by ballot measure 110 Maryland voters approved by a 2 1 margin a ballot measure to legalize sports betting at stadiums and casinos with tax proceeds benefiting K 12 public schools the vote made Maryland the 18th state to legalize sports betting 112 Ballot measures to remove penal exceptions from state constitutional prohibitions on slavery language that allowed slavery as a criminal punishment passed in Nebraska and Utah with about 68 and 80 of the vote respectively These unenforceable and obsolete provisions were once used for convict leasing and forced prisoner labor 105 113 Maine voters in the March 2020 primary ballot rejected by a wide margin a veto referendum that sought to overturn a new Maine state law that eliminated religious and philosophical exemptions from mandatory vaccinations for K 12 and college students and employees of healthcare facilities 114 Alaska voters narrowly approved an initiative to replace partisan primaries with top four open primaries and ranked choice voting for state federal and presidential level 115 116 117 118 In Florida a proposed state constitutional amendment to establish open jungle primaries also called top two primaries with the top two vote getters advancing to the November ballot irrespective of party was defeated 57 voted to approve short of the three fifths 60 vote required 119 120 Massachusetts voters rejected Question 2 an initiative to implement ranked choice voting for future state elections with about 55 voting against the question 121 122 Massachusetts voters approved Question 1 with a 75 yes vote 122 extending the right to repair to certain vehicles extending 2012 legislation and consumers rights to obtain telematics data 123 124 Illinois voted against the Illinois Fair Tax a proposed state amendment championed by Governor J B Pritzker which had it passed would have changed the state income tax system from a flat tax to a graduated income tax 125 126 Georgia approved by wide margins ballot questions that aimed to make funds collected from taxes and fees used for their intended projects passed with 82 of the vote waived sovereign immunity in cases alleging unconstitutionality of a law and exempting certain charities from property tax 127 128 129 130 Florida Arkansas and North Dakota voters defeated legislatively referred measures which would have restricted the ability of citizens to place questions on the ballot or added hurdles to enacting laws via ballot measure In Florida voters defeated a measure would have required voters to pass future state constitutional amendments by 60 in two successive elections rather than one election in order for the amendment to be adopted 131 In North Dakota voters defeated a measure would have required future successful citizen initiated constitutional amendments to be sent to the legislature for further approval and would refer those which failed to get legislative approval back to the ballot in the next general election 132 In Arkansas voters defeated Issue 3 a measure would have required future ballot initiatives to gain half of the required petition signatures from each of 45 counties instead of the current 15 counties and also raised the threshold for the legislature to place a proposed constitutional amendment on the ballot from a simple majority of both chambers to three fifths vote of both chambers 133 Several proposed referendums failed to secure the necessary number of signatures to appear on ballots due to disruptions and social distancing measures undertaken after the COVID 19 pandemic These included an effort in Ohio to raise the state s hourly minimum wage from 8 70 to 13 an anti gerrymandering efforts in Oklahoma and Arkansas and a California effort to allow electronic signatures for future California ballot measures 134 Impact on redistricting Main article 2020 United States redistricting cycle Following the 2020 United States census the state delegations to the U S House of Representatives will undergo reapportionment and both the U S House of Representatives and the state legislatures will undergo redistricting In states without redistricting commissions the legislators and governors elected between 2017 and 2020 will draw the new congressional and state legislative districts that will take effect starting with the 2022 elections State supreme courts can also have a significant effect on redistricting as demonstrated in states such as Pennsylvania and Virginia Thus the 2020 elections had a significant impact on the 2020 United States redistricting cycle Barring court orders or mid decade redistricting the districts drawn in the redistricting cycle will remain in place until the next round of redistricting begins in 2030 135 136 In the 2020 elections the Republican Party won several legislative chambers and gubernatorial positions that had been selected by Democrats as key redistricting targets Republicans flipped control of the New Hampshire legislature defended the governorship of Missouri retained control of both legislative chambers in Iowa North Carolina and Texas and gained a super majority in both chambers of the Kansas legislature giving the party control of the key redistricting institutions in those states Republicans also retained control of the Pennsylvania legislature and Minnesota Senate ensuring divided partisan control of redistricting in both states Additionally the passage of a referendum in Virginia removed control of redistricting from the Democratic controlled legislature to an independent commission 79 However in New York Democrats gained a two thirds super majority in the State Senate and held their super majority in the State Assembly giving the party full control of redistricting 137 Territorial electionsFurther information 2020 Puerto Rican general election and 2020 Guamanian legislative election The U S territories of American Samoa and Puerto Rico held gubernatorial and legislative elections in 2020 while Guam the Northern Mariana Islands and the U S Virgin Islands held legislative elections Along with Washington D C each territory also held elections for a non voting delegate to the U S House of Representatives All non voting delegates serve two year terms with the exception of the Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico a non voting position with a four year term Washington D C also held elections for its shadow representative and one of its two shadow senators The five territories also took part in the 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries and the 2020 Republican Party presidential primaries Local electionsMayoral elections Since the beginning of 2020 various major cities have seen incumbent mayors re elected including Bakersfield Karen Goh 138 Fremont Lily Mei 139 and Sacramento California Darrell Steinberg 140 Baton Rouge Louisiana Sharon Weston Broome 141 Chesapeake David West 142 Fairfax City David Meyer 142 Fredericksburg Mary Katherine Greenlaw 142 Hampton Donnie Tuck 142 Richmond Levar Stoney 143 and Virginia Beach Virginia Bobby Dyer 144 Glendale Jerry Weiers 145 Mesa John Giles 146 and Phoenix Arizona Kate Gallego 147 Irving Rick Stopfer 148 and Lubbock Texas Dan Pope 149 Milwaukee Wisconsin Tom Barrett 150 Portland Oregon Ted Wheeler 151 Salt Lake County Utah Jenny Wilson 152 Wilmington Delaware Mike Purzycki 153 Winston Salem North Carolina Allen Joines 154 and Bayamon Puerto Rico Ramon Luis Rivera Jr 155 In Norfolk Virginia Mayor Kenny Alexander was unopposed in seeking reelection 142 as was Mayor John Cruz in Hagatna Guam 156 In Tulsa Oklahoma incumbent mayor G T Bynum earned reelection by winning an outright majority in the August primary 157 Open mayoral seats were won in Clearwater Frank Hibbard 158 and Miami Dade County Florida Daniella Levine Cava 159 Fresno Jerry Dyer 160 Riverside Patricia Lock Dawson 161 San Diego Todd Gloria 162 and Santa Ana California Vicente Sarmiento 163 Gilbert Brigette Peterson 147 and Scottsdale Arizona David Ortega 147 Honolulu Hawaiʻi Rick Blangiardi 164 and San Juan Puerto Rico Miguel Romero 165 In Baltimore Maryland city council president Democrat Brandon Scott was elected to replace incumbent Democrat Jack Young who came in fifth in a crowded primary 166 167 In Stockton California Kevin Lincoln defeated one term incumbent mayor Michael Tubbs who was first Black mayor of the city and the youngest person elected to the position when he unseated incumbent mayor Anthony Silva in 2016 168 In Texas two mayoral runoff elections in December saw incumbents defeated In Corpus Christi city councilwoman Paulette Guajardo defeated incumbent Joe McComb 169 and in El Paso former mayor Oscar Leeser unseated one term incumbent Dee Margo 170 In Ely Minnesota Eric Urbas defeated three term incumbent mayor Chuck Novack despite Urbas having dropped out of the race in August 171 In Rabbit Hash Kentucky incumbent Brynneth Pawltro was ousted by Wilbur Beast a 6 month old French bulldog 172 The town has never had a human mayor Pawltro is a pit bull terrier Mayoral recalls Several mayors faced recall campaigns during 2020 Mayors in Broken Bow Nebraska Diamond City Arkansas Heyburn Idaho and Oregon City Oregon were removed from office Mayors in Elizabeth and Idaho Springs Colorado Humboldt Nebraska Powers Oregon Stevensville Montana and Westminster California were retained in office 173 Other elections and referendums More than a dozen cities and counties voted on police reform and accountability measures including referendums creating new police civilian review boards strengthening the oversight powers of existing boards such as granting subpoena powers requiring the public disclosure of body camera video after incidents of police use of force and allocating police funding to community initiatives 174 Most of the ballot questions passed including measures in Oakland San Francisco San Diego San Jose and Sonoma County in California King County Washington Portland Oregon Kyle Texas and Philadelphia and Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 174 Voters in Washington D C re elected shadow senator Paul Strauss and elected Oye Owolewa as its shadow representative These shadow positions are charged with lobbying Congress for D C statehood 175 D C voters approved Initiative 81 an initiative that designated the enforcement of laws against entheogens psychedelics including psilocybin mushrooms peyote and ayahuasca 175 176 as among the Metropolitan Police Department s lowest law enforcement priorities 177 The measure passed with 76 of the vote 178 Tribal electionsA number of Native American tribal governments held elections for tribal leadership in 2020 As with other elections in the country the coronavirus pandemic disrupted many elections delaying primaries and shifting some voting from in person to postal The Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation reelected President Bernadine Burnette 179 the Sault Ste Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians reelected Tribal Chairman Aaron A Payment 180 Oneida Nation of Wisconsin reelected Chairman Tehassi Hill 181 the Bois Forte Band of Chippewa reelected Tribal Chair Cathy Chavers 182 the Wichita and Affiliated Tribes reelected President Terri Parton 183 the Sitka Tribe of Alaska reelected Tribal Chairman Lawrence Woody Widmark 184 and incumbent Tribal Chief Donald Doc Slyter was unopposed in seeking reelection to lead the Confederated Tribes of Coos Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw Indians 185 Stephanie Bryan the first woman to serve as chair of the Poarch Band of Creek Indians also won reelection 186 United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians incumbent Tribal Chief Joe Bunch who was impeached but not removed from office in January 2020 187 was re elected In a runoff election former South Dakota state senator Kevin Killer defeated incumbent Oglala Lakota Tribe president Julian Running Bear who made the runoff by a single vote after surviving an impeachment effort in September 188 189 190 Crow Nation Senator Frank White Clay defeated incumbent tribal chairman A J Not Afraid Jr 191 Kristopher Peters was elected Squaxin Island Tribe tribal council chairman defeating incumbent Arnold Cooper 192 and Joseph Tali Byrd defeated long time Quapaw Nation Business Committee Chairman John Berrey 193 Durell Cooper defeated incumbent Apache Tribe of Oklahoma Tribal Chairman Bobby Komardley 194 Walter R Echo Hawk was unopposed in a special election for president of the Pawnee Nation of Oklahoma Business Council 195 following the April 2020 recall of the prior president James Whiteshirt 196 The Shakopee Mdewakanton Sioux Community elected Keith Anderson tribal chairman replacing the retiring Charlie Vig 197 Three Minnesota Chippewa Tribe bands had candidates win more than 50 of the votes in June primaries eliminating the need for a general election Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe incumbent tribal chair Faron Jackson Sr 198 White Earth Nation incumbent chief executive Michael Fairbanks 199 and on the Grand Portage Indian Reservation challenger Bobby Deschampe who defeated incumbent tribal chair Beth Drost 200 Northern Cheyenne voters elected five women to the tribal council along with electing Donna Marie Fisher as tribal president and Serena Wetherelt as vice president It is the first time women will make up the majority on the Northern Cheyenne tribal council 201 Tribal referendums In March the Oglala Lakota Tribe approved a referendum allowing medical and recreational marijuana while also opposing a referendum allowing alcohol sales at the Prairie Wind Casino on the Pine Ridge Reservation 202 In July Oneida Nation of Wisconsin voters approved a referendum supporting a long range Oneida language initiative 181 In October the Yurok Tribe narrowly approved a referendum supporting establishment of a cannabis marketplace on tribal land 203 Impact of the COVID 19 pandemicFurther information Impact of the COVID 19 pandemic on politics Election impacts on the United States See also Postal voting in the 2020 United States elections nbsp A poll worker sanitizes an election booth in Davis California Starting in March 2020 elections across the United States were delayed and disrupted by the COVID 19 pandemic Numerous states delayed presidential primaries while Alabama delayed the Republican primary Senatorial run off and North Carolina and Mississippi delayed Republican primary run off for congressional seats 204 Iowa Missouri South Carolina and Texas all delayed municipal elections and in New York City the special election for Queens borough president was cancelled 205 The pandemic also led to the postponement of the 2020 Democratic National Convention and both the 2020 Democratic National Convention and the 2020 Republican National Convention were held virtually 206 source source source California Governor Gavin Newsom speaks about the decision to sign an executive order requiring mail in voting in the 2020 November election To help enforce social distancing many states expanded absentee and vote by mail options for 2020 primary elections and the November general elections 207 Several elections including Democratic primaries in Alaska and Hawaiʻi as well as the Maryland 7th congressional district special election were conducted entirely with mail in ballots only 205 While the pandemic was impacting a number of things in elections 2020 Donald Trump was reported of planning to host his Election Night party at the White House Two officials informed that Trump was planning a large indoor party of nearly 400 people at the East Room The Trump Hotel on Pennsylvania Avenue was initially chosen as the venue but this was later changed due to the coronavirus restrictions that limited such gatherings to 50 people 208 209 Turnout nbsp Turnout by voting eligible population VEP in U S presidential elections since 1948 With many states easing rules on early voting in the midst of the COVID 19 pandemic the 2020 election saw an unprecedented rate of early voting 210 By October 26 with eight days remaining until the election the total early vote throughout the United States had eclipsed that of 2016 211 In total about 100 million voters cast early votes compared to the approximately 57 million early votes cast in 2016 212 Democrats disproportionately voted by mail while Republicans tended to vote more frequently in person 210 Just under 160 million people voted in the 2020 elections compared to a turnout of approximately 137 million in the 2016 presidential election Michael McDonald projects that about 67 of the voting eligible population voted in 2020 the highest rate of voter participation since the 1952 election 213 214 The 2020 elections saw the highest rate of voter participation by voting eligible population since the ratification of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 which prohibits racial discrimination in voting and the Twenty sixth Amendment which effectively lowered the national voting age from 21 to 18 215 216 Public perceptions and analysisIn a poll conducted in 2019 59 of respondents expressed that they are not confident in the honesty of U S elections 217 In an August 2020 survey 49 of respondents said that they expect voting to be difficult up from 15 in 2018 75 of Republicans but less than half of Democrats were confident that the elections will be conducted fairly and accurately 218 In an October 2020 survey 47 of respondents disagreed with the statement that the election is likely to be fair and honest 51 would not generally agree on who is the legitimately elected president of the United States 219 56 said that they expect an increase in violence as a result of the election 219 49 of college students polled in September 2020 said that the elections won t be fair and open 55 that it will not be administered well and 81 that special interest groups have more influence over election outcomes than voters 220 According to an October 2020 poll eight out of ten Americans consider misinformation a major problem 221 Biden supporters were more likely than Trump supporters to trust the news media and their candidate s messaging 221 222 Historian Timothy Snyder an expert on authoritarianism said that it s important not to talk about this as just an election It s an election surrounded by the authoritarian language of a coup d etat Trump seems pretty sure he won t win the election but he doesn t want to leave the office According to Snyder in order to overcome Trump s authoritarian s instinct the opposition has to win the election and it has to win the aftermath of the election 223 According to political scientist Gary C Jacobson The 2020 elections extended several long term trends in American electoral politics that were driven to new extremes by the singularly divisive person and presidency of Donald J Trump The election set new records for electoral continuity party loyalty nationalization polarization and presidential influence on the down ballot vote choices to the point where local factors such as incumbency candidate quality and campaign spending barely registered in the congressional election results 224 Table of state territorial and federal resultsSee also Political party strength in U S states This table shows the partisan results of president congressional gubernatorial and state legislative races held in each state and territory in 2020 Note that not all states and territories held gubernatorial state legislative and U S Senate elections in 2020 The five territories and Washington D C do not elect members of the U S Senate and the territories do not take part in presidential elections instead they each elect one non voting member of the House Nebraska s unicameral legislature and the governorship and legislature of American Samoa are elected on a non partisan basis and therefore political party affiliation is not listed Subdivision and PVI 225 Before 2020 elections 226 After 2020 elections Subdivision PVI Governor State leg U S Senate U S House Pres h Governor State leg U S Senate U S House Alabama R 14 Rep Rep Split Rep 6 1 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 6 1 Alaska R 9 Rep Split Rep Rep 1 0 Rep Rep Split i Rep Rep 1 0 Arizona R 5 Rep Rep Split Dem 5 4 Dem Rep Rep Dem Dem 5 4 Arkansas R 15 Rep Rep Rep Rep 4 0 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 4 0 California D 12 Dem Dem Dem Dem 45 7 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem 42 11 Colorado D 1 Dem Dem Split Dem 4 3 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem 4 3 Connecticut D 6 Dem Dem Dem Dem 5 0 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem 5 0 Delaware D 6 Dem Dem Dem Dem 1 0 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem 1 0 Florida R 2 Rep Rep Rep Rep 14 13 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 16 11 Georgia R 5 Rep Rep Rep Rep 8 4 Dem Rep Rep Dem Rep 8 6 Hawaii D 18 Dem Dem Dem Dem 2 0 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem 2 0 Idaho R 19 Rep Rep Rep Rep 2 0 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 2 0 Illinois D 7 Dem Dem Dem Dem 13 5 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem 13 5 Indiana R 9 Rep Rep Rep Rep 7 2 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 7 2 Iowa R 3 Rep Rep Rep Dem 3 1 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 3 1 Kansas R 13 Dem Rep Rep Rep 3 1 Rep Dem Rep Rep Rep 3 1 Kentucky R 15 Dem Rep Rep Rep 5 1 Rep Dem Rep Rep Rep 5 1 Louisiana R 11 Dem Rep Rep Rep 5 1 Rep Dem Rep Rep Rep 5 1 Maine D 3 Dem Dem Split R I j Dem 2 0 Dem k Dem Dem Split R I j Dem 2 0 Maryland D 12 Rep Dem Dem Dem 7 1 Dem Rep Dem Dem Dem 7 1 Massachusetts D 12 Rep Dem Dem Dem 9 0 Dem Rep Dem Dem Dem 9 0 Michigan D 1 Dem Rep Dem Dem 7 6 1 Dem Dem Rep Dem Split 7 7 Minnesota D 1 Dem Split Dem Dem 5 3 Dem Dem Split Dem Split 4 4 Mississippi R 9 Rep Rep Rep Rep 3 1 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 3 1 Missouri R 9 Rep Rep Rep Rep 6 2 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 6 2 Montana R 11 Dem Rep Split Rep 1 0 Rep Rep Rep Split Rep 1 0 Nebraska R 14 Rep NP Rep Rep 3 0 Rep l Rep NP Rep Rep 3 0 Nevada D 1 Dem Dem Dem Dem 3 1 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem 3 1 New Hampshire Even Rep Dem Dem Dem 2 0 Dem Rep Rep Dem Dem 2 0 New Jersey D 7 Dem Dem Dem Dem 10 2 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem 10 2 New Mexico D 3 Dem Dem Dem Dem 3 0 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem 2 1 New York D 11 Dem Dem Dem Dem 21 6 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem 19 8 North Carolina R 3 Dem Rep Rep Rep 9 3 Rep Dem Rep Rep Rep 8 5 North Dakota R 17 Rep Rep Rep Rep 1 0 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 1 0 Ohio R 3 Rep Rep Split Rep 12 4 Rep Rep Rep Split Rep 12 4 Oklahoma R 20 Rep Rep Rep Rep 4 1 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 5 0 Oregon D 5 Dem Dem Dem Dem 4 1 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem 4 1 Pennsylvania Even Dem Rep Split Split 9 9 Dem Dem Rep Split Split 9 9 Rhode Island D 10 Dem Dem Dem Dem 2 0 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem 2 0 South Carolina R 8 Rep Rep Rep Rep 5 2 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 6 1 South Dakota R 14 Rep Rep Rep Rep 1 0 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 1 0 Tennessee R 14 Rep Rep Rep Rep 7 2 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 7 2 Texas R 8 Rep Rep Rep Rep 22 13 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 23 13 Utah R 20 Rep Rep Rep Rep 3 1 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 4 0 Vermont D 15 Rep Dem Split D I m Dem 1 0 Dem Rep Dem Split D I m Dem 1 0 Virginia D 1 Dem Dem Dem Dem 7 4 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem 7 4 Washington D 7 Dem Dem Dem Dem 7 3 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem 7 3 West Virginia R 20 Rep Rep Split Rep 3 0 Rep Rep Rep Split Rep 3 0 Wisconsin Even Dem Rep Split Rep 5 3 Dem Dem Rep Split Rep 5 3 Wyoming R 25 Rep Rep Rep Rep 1 0 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep 1 0 United States Even Rep 26 24 Rep 28 19 2 Rep 53 47 n Dem 232 197 Dem Rep 27 23 Rep 29 18 2 Dem 50 50 a Dem 222 213 Washington D C D 43 Dem o Dem o Dem Dem Dem o Dem o Dem American Samoa NP D p NP Rep NP D q NP Rep Guam Dem Dem Dem Dem r Dem Dem Dem N Mariana Islands Rep Rep Ind s Rep Split t Ind s Puerto Rico PNP R u PNP PNP R v PNP D w PDP PNP R v U S Virgin Islands Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem Subdivision PVI Governor State leg U S Senate U S House President Governor State leg U S Senate U S House Subdivision and PVI Before 2020 elections After 2020 elections Table of partisan control of state legislatures Subdivision 225 229 Before 2020 elections 230 x After 2020 elections Subdivision PVI Pop Governor Upper house Lower house Overall Governor Upper house Lower house Overall Alabama R 14 1 48 Rep Rep 27 8 Rep 75 28 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep Alaska R 9 0 22 Rep Rep 13 7 Coal 22 17 y Div Rep Rep Coal Div Arizona R 5 2 19 Rep Rep 17 13 Rep 31 29 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep Arkansas R 15 0 91 Rep Rep 26 9 Rep 75 23 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep California D 12 11 91 Dem Dem 29 11 Dem 61 17 1 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem Colorado D 1 1 74 Dem Dem 19 16 Dem 41 24 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem Connecticut D 6 1 07 Dem Dem 22 14 Dem 91 60 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem Delaware D 6 0 29 Dem Dem 12 9 Dem 26 15 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem Florida R 2 6 47 Rep Rep 23 17 Rep 73 46 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep Georgia R 5 3 2 Rep Rep 35 21 Rep 105 75 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep Hawaii D 18 0 43 Dem Dem 24 1 Dem 46 5 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem Idaho R 19 0 54 Rep Rep 28 7 Rep 56 14 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep Illinois D 7 3 82 Dem Dem 40 19 Dem 73 44 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem Indiana R 9 2 03 Rep Rep 40 10 Rep 67 33 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep Iowa R 3 0 95 Rep Rep 32 18 Rep 53 47 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep Kansas R 13 0 88 Dem Rep 29 11 Rep 84 41 Div Dem Rep Rep Div Kentucky R 15 1 35 Dem Rep 28 10 Rep 62 38 Div Dem Rep Rep Div Louisiana R 11 1 4 Dem Rep 27 12 Rep 68 35 2 Div Dem Rep Rep Div Maine D 3 0 41 Dem Dem 21 14 Dem 88 57 6 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem Maryland D 12 1 82 Rep Dem 32 14 Dem 99 42 Div Rep Dem Dem Div Massachusetts D 12 2 09 Rep Dem 36 4 Dem 127 31 1 Div Rep Dem Dem Div Michigan D 1 3 01 Dem Rep 22 16 Rep 58 51 Div Dem Rep Rep Div Minnesota D 1 1 7 Dem Rep 35 32 Dem 75 59 Div Dem Rep Dem Div Mississippi R 9 0 9 Rep Rep 36 16 Rep 76 45 1 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep Missouri R 9 1 85 Rep Rep 23 8 Rep 113 48 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep Montana R 11 0 32 Dem Rep 30 20 Rep 57 43 Div Rep Rep Rep Rep Nebraska R 14 0 58 Rep NP z z Rep NP z z Nevada D 1 0 93 Dem Dem 13 8 Dem 29 13 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem New Hampshire Even 0 41 Rep Dem 14 10 Dem 231 158 1 Div Rep Rep Rep Rep New Jersey D 7 2 68 Dem Dem 25 15 Dem 52 28 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem New Mexico D 3 0 63 Dem Dem 26 16 Dem 45 24 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem New York D 11 5 86 Dem Dem 40 20 Dem 103 42 1 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem North Carolina R 3 3 16 Dem Rep 28 21 Rep 64 55 Div Dem Rep Rep Div North Dakota R 17 0 23 Rep Rep 37 10 Rep 79 15 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep Ohio R 3 3 52 Rep Rep 24 9 Rep 61 38 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep Oklahoma R 20 1 19 Rep Rep 38 9 Rep 77 23 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep Oregon D 5 1 27 Dem Dem 18 12 Dem 38 22 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem Pennsylvania Even 3 86 Dem Rep 28 21 1 Rep 109 93 Div Dem Rep Rep Div Rhode Island D 10 0 32 Dem Dem 33 5 Dem 66 9 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem South Carolina R 8 1 55 Rep Rep 27 19 Rep 78 44 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep South Dakota R 14 0 27 Rep Rep 30 5 Rep 59 11 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep Tennessee R 14 2 06 Rep Rep 28 5 Rep 73 26 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep Texas R 8 8 74 Rep Rep 19 11 Rep 84 66 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep Utah R 20 0 97 Rep Rep 23 6 Rep 59 16 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep Vermont D 15 0 19 Rep Dem 22 6 1 Dem 94 44 12 Div Rep Dem Dem Div Virginia D 1 2 57 Dem Dem 21 19 Dem 55 45 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem Washington D 7 2 29 Dem Dem 29 20 Dem 57 41 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem West Virginia R 20 0 54 Rep Rep 20 14 Rep 58 41 1 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep Wisconsin Even 1 75 Dem Rep 18 13 Rep 63 35 Div Dem Rep Rep Div Wyoming R 25 0 17 Rep Rep 27 3 Rep 50 9 1 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep U S states 98 71 Rep 26 24 Rep 30 19 Rep 28 21 aa Rep 20 15 ab Rep 27 23 Rep 31 18 Rep 29 20 Rep 22 15 Washington D C D 43 0 21 Dem o Dem o Dem Dem Dem Dem American Samoa 0 02 NP D ac NP NP NP NP D p NP NP NP Guam 0 05 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem N Mariana Islands 0 02 Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep Div Div Puerto Rico 0 96 PNP R ad PNP PNP PNP PNP D Div PDP Div U S Virgin Islands 0 03 Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem United States Even 100 28 28 Rep 31 22 ae Rep 30 20 Rep 21 18 28 28 Rep 32 21 ae Rep 29 20 Rep 22 18 Subdivision PVI Pop Governor Upper house Lower house Overall Governor Upper house Lower house Overall Subdivision Before 2020 elections After 2020 electionsSee alsoAttempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election Russian interference in the 2020 United States elections Voter suppression in the United States 2019 2020Notes a b The 2020 Senate elections left both parties with 50 Senate seats leaving the Vice President of the United States to break ties Republicans retained control of the chamber until January 20 2021 when Vice President Kamala Harris and senators Alex Padilla Jon Ossoff and Raphael Warnock were sworn in 48 states allocate all of their electoral votes to the winner of the statewide vote while two states Maine and Nebraska allocate two electoral votes to the winner of the statewide vote and allocate the remaining votes to the winner of each congressional district Under federal law individuals do not become official candidates for president until they raise and report at least 5000 for their campaign and not all of the individuals who listed themselves as candidates reached this threshold 47 2 Independents not up The results of one 2018 race the 2018 North Carolina s 9th congressional district election were declared void due to voting irregularities a b Some or all of the legislative chambers not holding regularly scheduled elections in 2020 may nonetheless hold special elections in 2020 The upper houses of Alaska Arkansas California Colorado Delaware Florida Hawaii Indiana Iowa Kentucky Missouri Montana Nevada North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Tennessee Texas Utah Washington West Virginia Wisconsin and Wyoming held elections for half of the seats in the chamber The North Dakota House of Representatives is the only lower house in which only half of the seats were up for election The Illinois Senate held elections for one third of the seats in the chamber 77 This column reflects the individual who won a plurality of the state s popular vote in the 2020 presidential election Republicans won a majority of seats in the state house but they will continue organizing under a coalition caucus in the next session of the Alaska legislature 227 a b One of Maine s senators Susan Collins is a Republican The other senator from Maine Angus King is an independent who has caucused with the Democrats since taking office in 2013 Three of Maine s four electoral votes were called for Biden while the remaining electoral vote was called for Trump Four of Nebraska s electoral votes were called for Trump while one of its electoral votes was called for Biden a b One of Vermont s senators Patrick Leahy is a Democrat The other senator from Vermont Bernie Sanders was elected as an independent and has caucused with the Democrats since taking office in 2007 Prior to the 2020 Senate elections the Democratic Senate caucus consisted of 45 Democrats and two independents a b c d e f Washington D C does not elect a governor or state legislature but it does elect a mayor and a city council a b Although elections for governor of American Samoa are non partisan Governor Lolo Matalasi Moliga has affiliated with the Democratic Party at the national level since re election in 2016 Although elections for governor of American Samoa are non partisan Governor Lemanu Peleti Mauga affiliates with the Democratic Party at the national level Although Guam does not have a vote in the Electoral College the territory has held a presidential advisory vote for every presidential election since 1980 a b The Northern Mariana Islands delegate to Congress Gregorio Sablan was elected as an Independent and has caucused with the Democrats since taking office in 2009 Republicans hold a nominal majority in the Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives with nine seats and Democrats with eight seats however one independent caucuses with the Republicans and two with the Democrats leaving the House split 10 10 One Republican crossed party lines to elect Democrat aligned Independent Edmund Villagomez as Speaker of the House 228 With five seats Republicans maintained control of the Northern Mariana Islands Senate where a Democrat won one seat in 2020 and independents hold the remaining three seats Puerto Rican Governor Wanda Vazquez Garced who became governor after Pedro Pierluisi s succession of Ricardo Rossello was deemed unconstitutional is a member of the Puerto Rican New Progressive Party but affiliates with the Republican Party at the national level a b Puerto Rico s Resident Commissioner Jenniffer Gonzalez was elected as a member of the New Progressive Party and has caucused with the Republicans since taking office in 2017 Puerto Rican Governor elect Pedro Pierluisi is a member of the Puerto Rican New Progressive Party but affiliates with the Democratic Party at the national level Partisan seat figures were compiled in August 2020 The Alaska House of Representatives is controlled by a coalition of Democrats Republicans and independents The minority caucus consists of Republicans who are not part of the majority coalition a b c d Nebraska has a unicameral officially non partisan legislature For this reason Nebraska is not included in the overall tallies of partisan control except for governor and the overall control column is labeled as N A Republicans controlled the lower house in 29 states Democrats controlled the lower house in 20 states and one state Alaska had a lower house controlled by a coalition Republicans held a trifecta in 20 states Democrats held a trifecta in 15 states and 14 states had a divided government Although elections for governor of American Samoa are non partisan Governor Lolo Matalasi Moliga has affiliated with the Democratic Party at the national level since re election in 2016 He is counted as a Democrat for the overall tally Puerto Rican Governor Wanda Vazquez Garced is a 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2020 GENERAL ELECTION Election Summary Report November 3 2020 UNOFFICIAL RESULTS elections alaska gov November 15 2020 Archived from the original on November 14 2020 Retrieved November 15 2020 Alaska Ballot Measure 2 Top Four Ranked Choice Voting and Campaign Finance Laws Initiative 2020 Ballotpedia November 15 2020 Archived from the original on November 13 2020 Retrieved November 15 2020 Kenneson Andrew November 16 2020 Ballot Measure 2 holds slim lead Kodiak Daily Mirror Archived from the original on November 19 2020 Retrieved November 16 2020 Kichenman Andrew November 17 2020 Alaska will have a new election system Voters pass Ballot Measure 2 KTOO Archived from the original on November 18 2020 Retrieved November 17 2020 Sara Swann Bids for open primaries falling short in both Florida and Alaska Archived November 17 2020 at the Wayback Machine Fulcrum November 4 2020 Grace Panetta Rob Price amp Madison Hall Results Florida voters have rejected Amendment 3 which would enact top 2 primaries Archived November 2 2020 at the Wayback Machine Business Insider November 5 2020 Saraya Wintersmith Massachusetts Voters Reject Ranked Choice Voting Measure In Question 2 Archived November 13 2020 at the Wayback Machine WGBH November 4 2020 a b Massachusetts Election Results Archived November 16 2020 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times November 2020 Adi Robertson Massachusetts passes right to repair law to open up car data Archived November 13 2020 at the Wayback Machine The Verge November 4 2020 Matthew Gault Newly Passed Right to Repair Law Will Fundamentally Change Tesla Repair Archived November 16 2020 at the Wayback Machine Vice November 10 2020 Samuel D Brunson How to make income taxes fairer in Illinois even after the demise of the Fair Tax Archived November 17 2020 at the Wayback Machine Chicago Sun Times November 10 2020 Amanda Vinicky Illinois Voters Reject Fair Tax Amendment Archived November 10 2020 at the Wayback Machine WTTW November 4 2020 Georgia Election Results Archived November 16 2020 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times November 2020 Georgia Dedicating Tax and Fee Revenue Amendment 2020 Ballotpedia Archived from the original on October 3 2020 Retrieved September 24 2020 Georgia Allow Residents to Seek Declaratory Relief from Certain Laws Amendment 2020 Ballotpedia Archived from the original on October 4 2020 Retrieved September 24 2020 Georgia Property Tax Exemption for Certain Charities Measure 2020 Ballotpedia Archived from the original on November 2 2020 Retrieved September 24 2020 Florida Amendment 4 Election Results Require Amendments to Be Approved Twice Archived November 11 2020 at the Wayback Machine New York Times 2020 North Dakota Measure 2 Election Results Reform Amendment Process Archived February 21 2021 at the Wayback Machine New York Times 2020 Kaitlin Barger Issue 3 which would ve changed process for ballot measures fails Archived November 4 2020 at the Wayback Machine KATV November 4 2020 Sam Levine It s a killer We re done Covid 19 puts ballot initiatives in peril Archived February 2 2021 at the Wayback Machine The Guardian April 16 2020 Sarlin Benjy August 26 2014 Forget 2016 Democrats already have a plan for 2020 MSNBC Archived from the original on October 28 2015 Retrieved October 30 2015 Lieb David A May 26 2020 Parties Target Control of State Legislatures Redistricting U S News amp World Report Archived from the original on July 20 2020 Retrieved July 19 2020 Klein Charlotte November 24 2020 New York Democrats Gain Veto Proof Majority in State Senate New York Intelligencer Archived from the original on February 5 2021 Retrieved November 26 2020 Mayer Steven March 4 2020 Goh secures victory in mayor s race The Californian Bakersfield California Archived from the original on March 5 2020 Retrieved April 14 2020 Karnes Bea November 3 2020 Fremont Mayor Lily Mei Holds Commanding Lead Election Results Patch Fremont California Archived from the original on November 9 2020 Retrieved November 12 2020 Clift Theresa March 3 2020 Sacramento Mayor Darrell Steinberg easily re elected to second term The Sacramento Bee Archived from the original on March 4 2020 Retrieved April 14 2020 Jones Terry L December 5 2020 Sharon Weston Broome re elected Baton Rouge mayor We have so much left to do The Advocate Baton Rouge Louisiana Archived from the original on December 20 2020 Retrieved December 6 2020 a b c d e Feld Lowell May 20 2020 Results from Virginia s First Social Distancing Election Blue Virginia Archived from the original on July 7 2020 Retrieved July 7 2020 Hipolit Melissa November 4 2020 Levar Stoney it appears will be re elected Richmond mayor WTVR TV CBS 6 News Richmond Virginia Archived from the original on November 4 2020 Retrieved November 12 2020 Skelton Alissa Parker Stacy Virginia Beach mayor four council incumbents win re election The Virginian Pilot Norfolk Virginia Archived from the original on November 10 2020 Retrieved November 12 2020 Fifield Jen August 4 2020 Glendale Mayor Jerry Weiers and council to serve 4 more years if election results hold Arizona Republic Archived from the original on November 19 2020 Retrieved November 12 2020 Walsh Jim August 9 2020 Giles on reelection a chance to make Mesa better The Mesa Tribune Tempe Arizona Archived from the original on November 19 2020 Retrieved November 12 2020 a b c Fifield Jen Longhi Lorraine Steinbach Alison November 4 2020 Voters reelect Kate Gallego in Phoenix and 2 new mayors in Scottsdale and Gilbert Arizona Republic Phoenix Arizona Archived from the original on November 19 2020 Retrieved November 12 2020 Bahari Sarah November 4 2020 Irving voters reelect mayor reject ex superintendent who abruptly resigned in 2018 The Dallas Morning News Dallas Texas Archived from the original on November 9 2020 Retrieved November 12 2020 Self Walbrick Sarah November 4 2020 Lubbock mayoral race sees sharp increase in voter turnout Texas Tech Public Media KTTZ FM Lubbock Texas Archived from the original on November 4 2020 Retrieved November 12 2020 Dirr Alison April 13 2020 Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett easily wins reelection in race against Lena Taylor Milwaukee Journal Sentinel Milwaukee Wisconsin Archived from the original on April 14 2020 Retrieved April 13 2020 Ellis Rebecca November 3 2020 Portland Mayor Ted Wheeler wins second term Oregon Public Broadcasting Portland Oregon Archived from the original on November 15 2020 Retrieved November 12 2020 McKellar Katie November 3 2020 Wilson takes strong lead to stay Salt Lake County mayor Deseret News Salt Lake City Utah Archived from the original on November 4 2020 Retrieved November 12 2020 Kuang Jeanne September 16 2020 Wilmington Mayor Mike Purzycki reelected Congo defeats Shabazz for council president Delaware News Journal Wilmington Delaware Archived from the original on November 16 2020 Retrieved November 12 2020 Vickers Talitha McKenith DaVonte I am very honored Winston Salem mayor reflects on election win WXII TV Winston Salem North Carolina Archived from the original on November 9 2020 Retrieved November 12 2020 Rosado Ileanexis Vera November 3 2020 Alcalde de Bayamon seguro de revalidar por un quinto termino consecutivo Mayor of Bayamon certain to return for a fifth consecutive term El Vocero in Spanish San Juan Puerto Rico Archived from the original on November 12 2020 Retrieved November 12 2020 Tomas Jojo Santo November 4 2020 Mayors win re election bids school board gets new faces CCU unchanged Pacific Daily News Hagatna Guam Archived from the original on November 19 2020 Retrieved November 12 2020 Election results G T Bynum wins a second term as the Tulsa mayor 3 city councilors win 3 go to runoff Tulsa World Tulsa Oklahoma August 26 2020 Archived from the original on August 31 2020 Retrieved August 30 2020 Lawrenece White D Ann March 16 2020 Election 2020 Hibbard Declared Mayor Of Clearwater Patch Clearwater Florida Archived from the original on November 12 2020 Retrieved November 12 2020 Hanks Douglas Wieder Ben November 4 2020 How Biden helped Democrats win the Miami Dade mayoral race and reset county politics Miami Herald Miami Florida Archived from the original on November 18 2020 Retrieved November 12 2020 Sheehan Tim March 11 2020 Jerry Dyer will be Fresno s next mayor The Fresno Bee Archived from the original on May 8 2020 Retrieved April 14 2020 Downey David November 4 2020 Lock Dawson holds big lead over Melendrez in Riverside mayoral election The Press Enterprise Riverside California Archived from the original on November 12 2020 Retrieved November 12 2020 Garrick David November 9 2020 Bry concedes San Diego mayor s race to Gloria The San Diego Union Tribune San Diego California Archived from the original on November 9 2020 Retrieved November 12 2020 Pho Brandon Custodio Spencer Gerda Nick Elattar Hosam Biesiada Noah November 10 2020 Republicans and Democrats Move to Finalize Wins OC Remains Purple As of Latest Election Results Voice of OC Santa Ana California Archived from the original on November 12 2020 Retrieved November 12 2020 After decisive win in race for Honolulu mayor Blangiardi pledges to hit the ground running Hawaii News Now Honolulu Hawaiʻi November 3 2020 Archived from the original on November 10 2020 Retrieved November 12 2020 Miguel Romero recoge sus rotulos de campana Miguel Romero collects his campaign signs Metro in Spanish San Juan Puerto Rico November 8 2020 Archived from the original on November 27 2020 Retrieved November 23 2020 Lucas Tramon November 5 2020 Brandon Scott wins race to become Baltimore s 52nd mayor WBAL TV 11 Baltimore Maryland Archived from the original on November 15 2020 Retrieved November 12 2020 Richman Talia Opilo Emily June 9 2020 Baltimore s Democratic voters nominate Scott for mayor in narrow primary victory over former officeholder Dixon The Baltimore Sun Baltimore Maryland Archived from the original on June 24 2020 Retrieved July 6 2020 Nuttle Matthew November 17 2020 Michael Tubbs concedes Stockton mayoral race to Kevin Lincoln KXTV TV ABC 10 Sacramento California Archived from the original on November 18 2020 Retrieved November 17 2020 Crow Kirsten December 15 2020 Community votes for change Guajardo to take reins as mayor in January Corpus Christi Caller Times Corpus Christi Texas Archived from the original on December 16 2020 Retrieved December 16 2020 Kriel Lomi December 13 2020 El Paso Mayor Dee Margo loses reelection bid to Oscar Leeser The Texas Tribune Archived from the original on January 25 2021 Retrieved December 15 2020 Galioto Katie November 5 2020 Ely candidate who quit mayor s race gets election night surprise Start Tribune Minneapolis Minnesota Archived from the original on November 11 2020 Retrieved November 12 2020 Page Sydney November 9 2020 After a tight race a French bulldog was elected mayor of this small Kentucky town The Washington Post Washington D C Archived from the original on November 14 2020 Retrieved November 12 2020 Political 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Killer ousts Bear Runner with almost 70 of the vote Rapid City Journal Rapid City South Dakota Archived from the original on November 6 2020 Retrieved November 5 2020 Crow Tribe elects new chair to replace Not Afraid Billings Montana KTVQ TV Q2 News November 8 2020 Archived from the original on November 10 2020 Retrieved November 8 2020 Official Election Results Squaxin Island Tribe Election Committee July 25 2020 Archived from the original on November 19 2020 Retrieved August 3 2020 Ellis Dale August 2 2020 New leader elected to Quapaw Nation Arkansas Democrat Gazette Little Rock Arkansas Archived from the original on September 13 2020 Retrieved August 3 2020 Apache Tribe of Oklahoma election results The Lawton Constitution Lawton Oklahoma June 29 2020 Archived from the original on September 13 2020 Retrieved August 5 2020 Certification of 2020 Pawnee Business Council Special Election Pawnee Nation Election Commission June 29 2020 Archived from the original on August 7 2020 Retrieved 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November 5 2020 Women will be majority of Northern Cheyenne council following election Ravalli Republic Hamilton Montana Archived from the original on December 10 2020 Retrieved November 29 2020 span, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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