Northern Altai or Northern Altay is the several tribal moribundTurkic dialects spoken in the Altai Republic of Russia.[2] Though traditionally considered one language, Southern Altai and the Northern varieties are not fully mutually intelligible. Written Altai is based on Southern Altai, and is rejected by Northern Altai children.[1]
According to data from the 2002 Russian Census, 65,534 people in Russia stated that they have command of the Altay language.[5] Only around 10% of them speak Northern Altay varieties, while the remaining speak Southern Altay varieties. Furthermore, according to some data, only 2% of Altays fluently speak the Altay language.[6]
Varietiesedit
Northern Altay consists of the following varieties:
Kumandin dialect [ru; tr; tt] (also Qubandy/Quwandy). 1,862 Kumandins claim to know their national language,[7] but 1,044 people were registered as knowing Kumandy.[8] Kumandy has the following three sub-varieties:[9]
Turačak
Solton
Starobardinian
Chelkan dialect [ru; pt] (also Kuu/Quu, Chalkandu/Shalkanduu, Lebedin). 466 Chelkans claim to speak their national language, and 539 people in all claim to know Chelkan.
The Tubalar language [ru; tr] (also known as Tuba language), is also often ascribed to belong to the Northern Altai group, but its relation to other languages is dubious and it may belong to Kipchak languages.[10] 408 Tubalars claim to know their national language, and 436 people in all reported knowing Tuba.
Closely related to the northern varieties of Altay are the Kondoma dialect [ru; tr] of the Shor language and the Lower Chulym dialect [ru; tr] of the Chulym language.[10]
Linguistic featuresedit
The following features refer to the outcome of commonly used Turkic isoglosses in Northern Altay.[11][12][13]
*/ag/ — Proto-Turkic */ag/ is found in three variations throughout Northern Altay: /u/, /aw/, /aʁ/
*/eb/ — Proto-Turkic */eb/ is found as either /yj/ or /yg/, depending on the variety
*/VdV/ — With a few lexical exceptions (likely borrowings), proto-Turkic intervocalic */d/ results in /j/.
^В Алтайском крае издана азбука кумандинского языка. 2006
^Baskakov, N.A. (1997). "Altaysky yazyk" Алтайский язык [Altai language]. In Institut Jazykoznanija (ed.). Tyurkskie yazyki Языки мира: тюркские языки [Languages of the world: Turkic languages]. Jazyki mira / Rossijskaja Akademija Nauk, Institut Jazykoznanija. [Glav. red. koll.: V. N. Jarceva (otv. red.) ...] Biškek: Kyrgyzstan. ISBN978-5-655-01214-1. OCLC 42579926.
^Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года. Том 13. «Коренные малочисленные народы Российской Федерации»
^BASKAKOV, N. A. (1958). "LA CLASSIFICATION DES DIALECTES DE LA LANGUE TURQUE D'ALTAÏ". Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae. 8 (1): 9–15. ISSN 0001-6446. JSTOR 23682215.
^ abTubalarskie ėti︠u︡dy. Tatevosov, S. G. (Sergeĭ Georgievich), Татевосов, С. Г. (Сергей Георгиевич), Moskovskiĭ gosudarstvennyĭ universitet im. M.V. Lomonosova. Filologicheskiĭ fakulʹtet., Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова. Филологический факультет. Moskva: IMLI RAN. 2009. ISBN9785920803504. OCLC 613983309.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
"Кумандинский язык". Малые языки России (in Russian). Retrieved 2022-05-31. Page about the Kumandy variety with maps and grammatical information.
"Челканский язык". Малые языки России (in Russian). Retrieved 2022-05-31. Page about the Chelkan variety with maps and grammatical information.
"Тубаларский". Малые языки России (in Russian). Retrieved 2022-05-31. Page about the Tubalar variety with maps and grammatical information.
Northern Altai language test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator
May 08, 2024
northern, altai, language, northern, altai, northern, altay, several, tribal, moribund, turkic, dialects, spoken, altai, republic, russia, though, traditionally, considered, language, southern, altai, northern, varieties, fully, mutually, intelligible, written. Northern Altai or Northern Altay is the several tribal moribund Turkic dialects spoken in the Altai Republic of Russia 2 Though traditionally considered one language Southern Altai and the Northern varieties are not fully mutually intelligible Written Altai is based on Southern Altai and is rejected by Northern Altai children 1 Northern Altaityndyk altaj tili tunduk altay tiliNative toRussiaRegionAltai Republic Altai KraiNative speakers57 000 speakers 2010 1 Language familyTurkic Common TurkicSiberian TurkicSouth SiberianYenisei TurkicNorthern AltaiDialectsKumandy Chelkan Tubalar Writing systemCyrillicLanguage codesISO 639 3 a href https iso639 3 sil org code atv class extiw title iso639 3 atv atv a Glottolognort2686ELPNorthern AltaiMap showing the locations of the Northern and Southern Altai varieties in Russia Northern Altai is written in Cyrillic In 2006 in the Altay kray an alphabet was created for the Kumandin variety 3 Contents 1 Phonology 1 1 Vowels 1 2 Consonants 2 Demographics 3 Varieties 4 Linguistic features 5 References 6 External linksPhonology editNorthern Altai has 8 vowels which may be long or short and 20 consonants plus marginal consonants that occur only in loan words 4 Vowels edit Northern Altai vowels Front Back High i y ɯ u Low e o a o Consonants edit Northern Altai consonants Labial Alveolar Post alveloar Velar Uvular Plosive p b t d c dʒ k ɡ q Affricate ts a Fricative f v s z ʃ ʒ x a ɣ Nasal m n ŋ Trill r Approximant l j a b Phoneme occurs only in Russian loanwords Demographics editAccording to data from the 2002 Russian Census 65 534 people in Russia stated that they have command of the Altay language 5 Only around 10 of them speak Northern Altay varieties while the remaining speak Southern Altay varieties Furthermore according to some data only 2 of Altays fluently speak the Altay language 6 Varieties editNorthern Altay consists of the following varieties Kumandin dialect ru tr tt also Qubandy Quwandy 1 862 Kumandins claim to know their national language 7 but 1 044 people were registered as knowing Kumandy 8 Kumandy has the following three sub varieties 9 Turacak Solton Starobardinian Chelkan dialect ru pt also Kuu Quu Chalkandu Shalkanduu Lebedin 466 Chelkans claim to speak their national language and 539 people in all claim to know Chelkan The Tubalar language ru tr also known as Tuba language is also often ascribed to belong to the Northern Altai group but its relation to other languages is dubious and it may belong to Kipchak languages 10 408 Tubalars claim to know their national language and 436 people in all reported knowing Tuba Closely related to the northern varieties of Altay are the Kondoma dialect ru tr of the Shor language and the Lower Chulym dialect ru tr of the Chulym language 10 Linguistic features editThe following features refer to the outcome of commonly used Turkic isoglosses in Northern Altay 11 12 13 ag Proto Turkic ag is found in three variations throughout Northern Altay u aw aʁ eb Proto Turkic eb is found as either yj or yg depending on the variety VdV With a few lexical exceptions likely borrowings proto Turkic intervocalic d results in j References edit a b Northern Altai at Ethnologue 25th ed 2022 nbsp Northern Altai ELP Endangered Languages Project Retrieved 2021 07 15 V Altajskom krae izdana azbuka kumandinskogo yazyka 2006 Baskakov N A 1997 Altaysky yazyk Altajskij yazyk Altai language In Institut Jazykoznanija ed Tyurkskie yazyki Yazyki mira tyurkskie yazyki Languages of the world Turkic languages Jazyki mira Rossijskaja Akademija Nauk Institut Jazykoznanija Glav red koll V N Jarceva otv red Biskek Kyrgyzstan ISBN 978 5 655 01214 1 OCLC 42579926 Vserossijskaya perepis naseleniya 2002 goda Tom 13 Korennye malochislennye narody Rossijskoj Federacii Enciklopediya Krugosvet Russian census figures Russian census figures BASKAKOV N A 1958 LA CLASSIFICATION DES DIALECTES DE LA LANGUE TURQUE D ALTAI Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 8 1 9 15 ISSN 0001 6446 JSTOR 23682215 a b Tubalarskie eti u dy Tatevosov S G Sergeĭ Georgievich Tatevosov S G Sergej Georgievich Moskovskiĭ gosudarstvennyĭ universitet im M V Lomonosova Filologicheskiĭ fakulʹtet Moskovskij gosudarstvennyj universitet im M V Lomonosova Filologicheskij fakultet Moskva IMLI RAN 2009 ISBN 9785920803504 OCLC 613983309 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint others link Baskakov Nikolay Aleksandrovich 1966 Dialekt Chernevyh Tatar Tuba Kizhi grammaticheskij ocherk i slovar Moscow Nauka Baskakov Nikolay Aleksandrovich 1972 Dialekt Kumandincev Kumandy Kizhi grammaticheskij ocherk teksty perevody i slovar Moskva Nauka Baskakov Nikolay Aleksandrovich 1985 Dialekt Lebedinskih Tatar Chalkancev Kuu Kizhi Moskva Nauka External links edit Kumandinskij yazyk Malye yazyki Rossii in Russian Retrieved 2022 05 31 Page about the Kumandy variety with maps and grammatical information Chelkanskij yazyk Malye yazyki Rossii in Russian Retrieved 2022 05 31 Page about the Chelkan variety with maps and grammatical information Tubalarskij Malye yazyki Rossii in Russian Retrieved 2022 05 31 Page about the Tubalar variety with maps and grammatical information nbsp Northern Altai language test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Northern Altai language amp oldid 1221532329, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
