Along with these phonological similarities to other dialects, Sanʽani Arabic also has several unique features. It uses the classical mā in the meaning of "what", as well as in negations. Unlike the classical usage, this mā is used without distinction in verbal and nominal sentences alike. Sanʽani Arabic represents the future aspect with a complex array of prefixes, depending on the person of the verb. For first-person verbs the prefix (ša-) or (‘ad) is used. The derivation of (ša-) is apparently related to the classical (sa-), and (‘ad) is likely an abbreviation of (ba‘d), meaning "after". For all other persons in Sanʽa proper the simple prefix (‘a-) is used, although many of the villages around Sanʽa extend the use of (ša-) for all persons.
SyntaxEdit
Sanʽani syntax differs from other Arabic dialects in a number of ways. It is one of few remaining Arabic dialects to retain the mā af‘al exclamatory sentence type with the meaning "how (adjective)". For instance, mā ajmal, is used to mean "how beautiful", from the adjective jamīl, meaning "beautiful"; a construction it shares with Libyan Arabic and Levantine Arabic.
VocabularyEdit
The Sanʽani vocabulary is also very distinct and conservative. The classical verb sāra, yasīr is retained with the meaning of "to go" (similar to Moroccan). Shalla, yashill is used to mean "to take/get".[5]
As an example of its distinctiveness, during an appearance of the would-be parliament speaker of Yemen, Abdullah Alahmar, on Al-Jazeera TV some years ago, viewers and the TV host needed a translation of his Yemeni dialect into Standard Arabic in order to understand what he said.
^Watson, Janet C. E. (1996). Ṣbaḥtū! A course in Ṣanʻānī Arabic. Harrassowitz.
^C. E. Watson, Janet (2009). San'ani Arabic. Encyclopaedia of Arabic Language and Linguistics 4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link) CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^Börjars, Kersti; Burridge, Kate (2010). Introducing English grammar (2nd ed.). London: Hodder Education. ISBN978-1444109870.
^Janet C. E. Watson, Sbahtu! A Course in Sanʽani Arabic. Semitica Viva: Series Didactica, 3. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1996. xxvii, 324 pp., glossary, index ISBN3-447-03755-5
^Piamenta, Moshe (1990). A Dictionary of Post Classical Yemeni Arabic, Volume 1: A - Š. Leiden [u.a.]: Brill. p. 163. ISBN978-9004092617.
Sanʽani Arabic test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator
October 25, 2023
sanʽani, arabic, arabic, dialect, spoken, north, yemen, city, sana, native, toyemenspeakers13, million, 2020, language, familyafro, asiatic, semiticcentral, semiticarabicpeninsularyemeniwriting, systemarabic, alphabetlanguage, codesiso, href, https, iso639, co. Sanʽani Arabic is an Arabic dialect spoken in north of Yemen in the city of Sana a Sanʽani ArabicNative toYemenSpeakers13 million 2020 1 Language familyAfro Asiatic SemiticCentral SemiticArabicPeninsularYemeniSanʽani ArabicWriting systemArabic alphabetLanguage codesISO 639 3 a href https iso639 3 sil org code ayn class extiw title iso639 3 ayn ayn a Glottologsana1295Distribution of Sanʽani Arabic according to EthnologueThis article contains IPA phonetic symbols Without proper rendering support you may see question marks boxes or other symbols instead of Unicode characters For an introductory guide on IPA symbols see Help IPA Contents 1 Phonology 1 1 Consonants 1 2 Vowels 2 Grammar 2 1 Syntax 3 Vocabulary 3 1 Loanwords 4 See also 5 ReferencesPhonology EditThe Sanaani dialect is distinguished among Yemeni dialects by its use of the ɡ sound in the place of the q qaf ق used in Modern Standard Arabic Consonants Edit Labial Interdental Dental Alveolar Palatal Velar Pharyngeal Glottalplain emph plain emph Nasal m nStop voiceless t tˤ k ʔvoiced b d d ʒ ɡFricative voiceless f 8 s sˤ ʃ x ħ hvoiced d dˤ z ɣ ʕTap ɾApproximant l j wVowels Edit Front BackClose i iː u uːOpen a aːThe short vowels a i u can have lax allophones of ae ɛ ʊ ɪ 2 aː within emphatic environments can be heard as back ɑː 3 Sanʽani dialect personal pronouns 4 52 Person Number CaseSubject ObjectFirst Singular Anǝ nǝ neePlural Eħnǝ na EħnǝSecond Singular ant m Anti f ant anti ak m eʃ f Plural Anto Anto ʊThird Singular Huː m Hiː f Ho uː m Hiː iː f Plural Hom Om m Hen en f Hom Om m Hen en f Grammar EditAlong with these phonological similarities to other dialects Sanʽani Arabic also has several unique features It uses the classical ma in the meaning of what as well as in negations Unlike the classical usage this ma is used without distinction in verbal and nominal sentences alike Sanʽani Arabic represents the future aspect with a complex array of prefixes depending on the person of the verb For first person verbs the prefix sa or ad is used The derivation of sa is apparently related to the classical sa and ad is likely an abbreviation of ba d meaning after For all other persons in Sanʽa proper the simple prefix a is used although many of the villages around Sanʽa extend the use of sa for all persons Syntax Edit Sanʽani syntax differs from other Arabic dialects in a number of ways It is one of few remaining Arabic dialects to retain the ma af al exclamatory sentence type with the meaning how adjective For instance ma ajmal is used to mean how beautiful from the adjective jamil meaning beautiful a construction it shares with Libyan Arabic and Levantine Arabic Vocabulary EditThe Sanʽani vocabulary is also very distinct and conservative The classical verb sara yasir is retained with the meaning of to go similar to Moroccan Shalla yashill is used to mean to take get 5 As an example of its distinctiveness during an appearance of the would be parliament speaker of Yemen Abdullah Alahmar on Al Jazeera TV some years ago viewers and the TV host needed a translation of his Yemeni dialect into Standard Arabic in order to understand what he said Loanwords Edit Ṣanʿani Arabic Translation Etymology Modern Standard Arabic equivalentdemmeh domestic cat Tigrinya ድሙ demmu Amharic ድመት demat id قطة qiṭṭahbardag galaṣ glass cup Turkish bardak English كأس kaʾsedarapp to drop English سقط saqatadappeh bottle Hindi ड ब ब container قارورة qaroraheskeh Allow me informal እስኪ eski please اسمح لي ismaḥ linahi OK Arabic نهى done حسنا ḥasanandemeh Kitchen ديمة cottage 6 مطبخ maṭbaxsaykal Bicycle Hindi स इक ल saikil دراجة darrajahSee also EditVarieties of Arabic Yemeni ArabicReferences Edit Sanʽani Arabic at Ethnologue 25th ed 2022 nbsp Watson Janet C E 1996 Ṣbaḥtu A course in Ṣanʻani Arabic Harrassowitz C E Watson Janet 2009 San ani Arabic Encyclopaedia of Arabic Language and Linguistics 4 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location link CS1 maint location missing publisher link Borjars Kersti Burridge Kate 2010 Introducing English grammar 2nd ed London Hodder Education ISBN 978 1444109870 Janet C E Watson Sbahtu A Course in Sanʽani Arabic Semitica Viva Series Didactica 3 Wiesbaden Harrassowitz 1996 xxvii 324 pp glossary index ISBN 3 447 03755 5 Piamenta Moshe 1990 A Dictionary of Post Classical Yemeni Arabic Volume 1 A S Leiden u a Brill p 163 ISBN 978 9004092617 nbsp Sanʽani Arabic test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Sanʽani Arabic amp oldid 1131562420, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
