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William, Prince of Wales

January 01, 1970

"Prince William" and "Prince William of the United Kingdom" redirect here. For other uses, see Prince William (disambiguation) and William of the United Kingdom (disambiguation).

William, Prince of Wales (William Arthur Philip Louis; born 21 June 1982), is the heir apparent to the British throne. He is the elder son of King Charles III and Diana, Princess of Wales.

William
Prince of Wales (more)
William in 2021
BornPrince William of Wales
(1982-06-21) 21 June 1982 (age 41)
St Mary's Hospital, London, England
Spouse
​
(m. 2011)​
Issue
Names
William Arthur Philip Louis[a]
HouseWindsor
FatherCharles III
MotherDiana Spencer
Education
Military career
AllegianceUnited Kingdom
Service/branchBritish Armed Forces
Active service2006–2013
RankSee list
UnitBlues and Royals
HMS Iron Duke
RAF Search and Rescue Force

William was born during the reign of his paternal grandmother, Queen Elizabeth II. He was educated at Wetherby School, Ludgrove School and Eton College. He earned a Master of Arts degree in geography at the University of St Andrews where he met his future wife, Catherine Middleton. They have three children: George, Charlotte and Louis. After university, William trained at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst prior to serving with the Blues and Royals. In 2008 William graduated from the Royal Air Force College Cranwell, joining the RAF Search and Rescue Force in early 2009. He served as a full-time pilot with the East Anglian Air Ambulance for two years, starting in July 2015.

William performs official duties and engagements on behalf of the monarch. He holds patronage with over 30 charitable and military organisations, including the Tusk Trust, Centrepoint, The Passage, Wales Air Ambulance and London's Air Ambulance Charity. He undertakes projects through the Royal Foundation, with his charity work revolving around mental health, conservation, homelessness and emergency workers. In 2020 William launched the Earthshot Prize, a £50 million initiative to incentivise environmental solutions over the next decade.

William was made Duke of Cambridge immediately before his wedding in April 2011. He became Duke of Cornwall and Duke of Rothesay following his father's accession to the throne on 8 September 2022. The following day he was made Prince of Wales.

Early life

Prince William was born at 21:03 BST on 21 June 1982 in St Mary's Hospital, London, as the first child of Charles, Prince of Wales (later King Charles III), and his first wife, Diana, Princess of Wales, during the reign of his paternal grandmother, Queen Elizabeth II.[3][4][5] Buckingham Palace announced his name – William Arthur Philip Louis – on 28 June.[3] William was christened in the Music Room of Buckingham Palace by the then Archbishop of Canterbury, Robert Runcie, on 4 August, coinciding with the 82nd birthday of his paternal great-grandmother, Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother.[6][b]

William was the first child born to a Prince and Princess of Wales since Prince John was born to Prince George and Princess Mary (later King George V and Queen Mary) in July 1905.[8] When he was nine months old, William accompanied his parents on their 1983 tour of Australia and New Zealand, as his first trip overseas.[9] It also marked the first time that a royal baby was taken on an overseas tour.[10] His younger brother, Prince Harry, was born in September 1984. Both of them were raised at Kensington Palace in London, and Highgrove House in Gloucestershire.[11][12][13]

Known informally as "Wills" within his family,[14] William was nicknamed "Willy" by his brother and "Wombat" by his mother.[15][16] Diana wished her sons to obtain broader and more typical life experiences beyond royal upbringing, taking them to Walt Disney World, McDonald's, AIDS clinics and shelters for the homeless.[17] Biographer Robert Lacey asserts that William, a "rambunctious" and "bratty" child, grew "more reflective" with a "noticeably quiet character" as he began boarding school.[18] Diana was reported to have described William as "my little wise old man" on whom she started to rely as her confidant by his early teens.[19]

 
Shaking hands with Barbara Bush, 1991. His mother, Diana, and brother, Harry, look on.

William carried out his first public engagement while accompanying his parents on a visit to Llandaff on Saint David's Day in 1991.[20] He and Harry travelled to Canada on an official visit with their parents in 1991 and again with Charles in 1998.[21][22] William's parents divorced in 1996. Diana died in a car accident in the early hours of 31 August 1997. William, then aged 15, together with his 12-year-old brother and their father, was staying at Balmoral Castle at the time. The following morning, Charles informed William and Harry of their mother's death.[23] William was reportedly uncertain as to whether he should walk behind his mother's coffin during the funeral procession. His grandfather Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, told him: "If you don't walk, I think you'll regret it later. If I walk, will you walk with me?".[24] At the funeral, William and Harry walked alongside their father, grandfather, and maternal uncle, Charles Spencer, 9th Earl Spencer, behind the funeral cortège from Kensington Palace to Westminster Abbey.[25]

After his mother's death, William stated that he was "in a state of shock for many years".[26] He and Harry inherited the majority of the £12.9 million left by their mother on their respective 30th birthdays, a figure that had grown to £10 million each by 2014.[27][28] In 2014 the brothers inherited their mother's wedding dress along with many other of her personal possessions including dresses, diamond tiaras, jewels, letters and paintings. They also received the original lyrics and score of "Candle in the Wind" by Bernie Taupin and Elton John as performed by the latter at Diana's funeral.[28] In 2002 The Times reported that William and Harry would also share £4.9 million from trust funds established by their great-grandmother on their respective 21st birthdays, as well as £8 million upon their respective 40th birthdays.[29]

Education

William was educated at private schools, starting at Jane Mynors' nursery school and the pre-preparatory Wetherby School, both in London.[30] Following this, he attended Ludgrove School near Wokingham, Berkshire, and was privately tutored during summers by Rory Stewart.[31] At Ludgrove, he participated in football, swimming, basketball, clay pigeon shooting, and cross country running. He was subsequently admitted to Eton College, studying geography, biology, and history of art at A-Level. He obtained an 'A' in geography, a 'C' in biology, and a 'B' in history of art.[32][33][34] William was captain of the swimming team and his house football team at Eton, also taking up water polo.[35][36]

The decision to place William at Eton went against the family tradition of sending royal children to Gordonstoun, which his father and grandfather both attended. Diana's brother and father were both Eton students.[17] The royal family and the tabloid press agreed that William would be allowed to study free from intrusion in exchange for regular updates about his life. John Wakeham, chairman of the Press Complaints Commission, stated "Prince William is not an institution; nor a soap star; nor a football hero. He is a boy: in the next few years, perhaps the most important and sometimes painful part of his life, he will grow up and become a man."[17] While at Eton, he often had tea on weekends at the nearby Windsor Castle with his grandmother, discussing state boxes and constitutional duties meant to "prepare [him] as future King."[37][38]

In June 1991, William was admitted to the Royal Berkshire Hospital after being accidentally hit on the forehead by a fellow pupil wielding a golf club. He suffered a depressed fracture of the skull and was operated on at Great Ormond Street Hospital, resulting in a permanent scar.[39] The incident received widespread media attention.[35] In 1999 he underwent an operation on his left hand after he broke a finger.[40] After completing his studies at Eton, William took a gap year, during which he took part in British Army training exercises in Belize,[41] worked on English dairy farms, and visited Africa.[42] As part of the Raleigh International programme in the town of Tortel in southern Chile, William worked for ten weeks on local construction projects and taught English. He lived with other young volunteers, sharing in the common household chores.[41] His interest in African culture prompted him to teach himself Swahili.[43]

In 2001 William enrolled at the University of St Andrews in Scotland.[44][45] Similar to his time at Eton, the media agreed not to invade his privacy, and students were warned not to leak stories to the press.[46] William embarked on a degree course in Art History but later changed his main subject to Geography. He focused his dissertation on the Indian Ocean's Rodrigues coral reefs and graduated with an undergraduate Master of Arts (MA Hons) degree with upper second class honours in 2005.[47][48] While at university, he represented the Scottish national universities water polo team at the Celtic Nations tournament in 2004.[36] He was reportedly known as "Steve" by other students to avoid any journalists overhearing and realising his identity.[49]

Early appointments and duties

At the age of 21, William was appointed a Counsellor of State; he first served in that capacity when the Queen attended the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting in the same year.[50] In July 2005, he embarked on his first solo public engagements on an overseas tour of New Zealand, travelling to participate in World War II commemorations.[51][50] According to author Tina Brown, he had, like his father, expressed a desire to become Governor-General of Australia.[52] In 2009 the Queen set up a private office for William and Harry with David Manning as their adviser.[53] Manning accompanied William on his first official tour in January 2010 as the latter toured Auckland and Wellington; William opened the new building of the Supreme Court of New Zealand and was welcomed by a Māori chief.[54][55] The visit spurred crowds of "many thousands", with positive public reception compared to that of his mother's 1983 tour.[56] In March 2011, William visited Christchurch, New Zealand, shortly after the earthquake,[57] and spoke at the memorial service at Hagley Park on behalf of his grandmother.[58] He also travelled to Australia to visit areas affected by flooding in Queensland and Victoria.[59][60]

To prepare for his eventual management of the Duchy of Cornwall, in 2014, he entered St John's College, Cambridge to undertake an executive agriculture management degree run by the Cambridge Programme for Sustainability Leadership (CPSL), of which his father is patron.[61][62]

Military and air ambulance service

 
In Royal Air Force uniform at the 2010 Trooping the Colour

Having decided on a military career, William was admitted to the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst in January 2006; his admission was based on successfully completing a 44-week course as an Officer Cadet which led to his commission as a British Army officer.[63][64] As "Lieutenant Wales" – a name based on his father's then title Prince of Wales – he followed his brother[65] into the Blues and Royals as a troop commander in an armoured reconnaissance unit, after which he spent five months training for the post at Bovington Camp in Dorset.[66]

Despite the Queen's approval for William to serve on the frontline, his position as second-in-line to the throne at the time cast doubts on his chances of seeing combat.[67] Plans by the Ministry of Defence to send William to Southern Iraq leaked and the government eventually decided against sending him as it would endanger both his life and the lives of people around him if he was targeted.[68] William instead trained in the Royal Navy and Royal Air Force, obtaining his commission as a sub-lieutenant in the former and a flying officer in the latter, both broadly equivalent to the army rank of lieutenant. After completing his training, he undertook an attachment with the Royal Air Force at RAF Cranwell.[69][70]

Upon completing the course he was presented with his RAF wings by his father,[71] who had received his own wings after training at Cranwell.[72] During this secondment, William flew to Afghanistan in a C-17 Globemaster that repatriated the body of Trooper Robert Pearson.[73] William was then seconded to train with the Royal Navy.[74] He then completed an accelerated Naval Officer training course at the Britannia Royal Naval College.[74] Whilst serving on HMS Iron Duke in July 2008, William participated in a £40m drug seizure in the Atlantic, north-east of Barbados.[75] He was part of the crew on the Lynx helicopter which helped seize 900 kg of cocaine from a speedboat, for which he was awarded the United States Joint Services Achievement Medal.[76]

 
Piloting a Sea King helicopter in 2010

In January 2009, William transferred his commission to the RAF and was promoted to Flight Lieutenant. He trained to become a helicopter pilot with the RAF's Search and Rescue Force.[77] As part of his training across all branches of the military in 2009, he spent up to six weeks with the Special Air Service, the Special Boat Service, and the Special Reconnaissance Regiment.[78] In January 2010, he graduated from the Defence Helicopter Flying School at RAF Shawbury.[79] In the same month, he transferred to the Search and Rescue Training Unit at RAF Valley, Anglesey, to receive training on the Sea King search and rescue helicopter; he graduated in September 2010.[80][81] This made him the first member of the British royal family since Henry VII to live in Wales.[82]

William's first rescue mission as co-pilot of a RAF Sea King was in response to an emergency call from Liverpool Coastguard in October 2010.[83] In November 2011, he participated in a search-and-rescue mission involving a cargo ship that was sinking in the Irish Sea; William, as a co-pilot, helped rescue two sailors.[84] He was deployed to the Falkland Islands for a six-week tour with No. 1564 Flight from February to March 2012.[85][86] The Argentine government condemned William's deployment to the islands close to the 30th anniversary of the beginning of the Falklands War as a "provocative act".[87][88] In June 2012, he gained a qualification to be captain or pilot in command of a Sea King rather than a co-pilot.[89] His active service as an RAF search-and-rescue pilot ended in September 2013.[90][91] He conducted 156 search and rescue operations, which resulted in 149 people being rescued.[92] He later became patron to the Battle of Britain Memorial Flight.[93]

In July 2015, William began working full-time as a pilot with the East Anglian Air Ambulance (EAAA) based at Cambridge Airport, which he felt was a natural progression from his previous search-and-rescue role.[94][95] He donated his full salary to the EAAA charity.[95] William required a civil pilot's licence and further training before being permitted to begin his role.[95] He underwent part of his training at Norwich Airport.[96] William described working irregular shifts and dealing mostly with critical care cases.[97] He also discussed the impact of witnessing intensive trauma and bereavement on his mental health and personal life.[98] The BBC has written that William was "exposed to the National Health Service in a way that no other senior royal has been or possibly ever will be."[99]

William left his position with EAAA in July 2017 to assume full-time royal duties.[100][99] After supporting an anniversary campaign for London's Air Ambulance Charity in 2019, he became the charity's official patron in March 2020.[101] In May 2020, he granted permission to the charity to use Kensington Palace's private lawn to refuel during the COVID-19 pandemic.[102] To mark Air Ambulance Week 2020, he wrote a letter thanking air ambulance workers, stating his "profound respect" for the community, particularly during the "immeasurably difficult" outbreak.[103][104] In February 2023, he became patron of the Wales Air Ambulance charity.[105][106]

Personal life

Pre-marriage relationship with Catherine Middleton

 
With Catherine on the Buckingham Palace balcony on their wedding day

In 2001 William met Catherine Middleton, while they were students in residence at St Salvator's Hall, at the University of St Andrews, and they became close friends.[107][108] She reportedly caught William's attention at a charity fashion show at the university in 2002 when she appeared on the stage wearing a see-through lace dress.[109] During their second year, William shared a flat with Middleton and two other friends.[110] The couple began dating in 2003.[111] From 2003 to 2005 they both resided at Balgove House on the Strathtyrum estate with two roommates.[112][113] In 2004 the couple briefly split but reconciled soon afterwards.[114]

The relationship was followed closely by the tabloid press.[115][116] Media attention became so intense that William asked the press to keep their distance from Middleton.[116] In December 2006, Middleton and her family attended William's passing out parade at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst.[117][118] In April 2007 William and Middleton were reported to have split.[115] Middleton and her family attended the Concert for Diana three months later;[110] the couple were subsequently reported to have "rekindled their relationship".[119] She was in attendance during the Order of the Garter procession ceremony at Windsor Castle in June 2008, where William was made a Royal Knight of the Garter.[120] In June 2010 the couple moved into a cottage on the Bodorgan Estate in Anglesey, Wales, where they resided until 2014.[121][122][123]

Marriage and children

Further information: Wedding of Prince William and Catherine Middleton, Wedding dress of Catherine Middleton, and Engagement dress of Catherine Middleton
 
With Catherine and their children at the Platinum Jubilee of Elizabeth II in 2022

The couple became engaged in October 2010, at a remote alpine cabin on Mount Kenya, during a 10-day trip to the Lewa Wildlife Conservancy to celebrate William's passing the RAF helicopter search and rescue course.[124] Clarence House announced their engagement on 16 November.[125] William gave his fianceé his mother's engagement ring.[126] The wedding took place in Westminster Abbey on 29 April 2011.[127] About a million people lined the wedding procession route in London, while the global audience for the wedding was reported to be over 300 million.[128][129][130][131] William and Catherine used Nottingham Cottage as their London home until 2013, when £4.5 million renovations completed at Apartment 1A at Kensington Palace, which continues to be their official residence in the capital.[132][133][134] The couple were given the country house Anmer Hall, on the Sandringham Estate, as a wedding gift from the Queen, where they lived from 2015 to 2017.[135][136] Kensington Palace was the couple's main residence until 2022, when the family moved to Adelaide Cottage in Windsor.[137][138][139]

Catherine's first pregnancy was announced on 3 December 2012.[140] She was admitted on 22 July 2013 to the Lindo Wing of St Mary's Hospital, London, where Prince William had been delivered. Later that day, she gave birth to Prince George.[141][142] On 8 September 2014, it was announced that Catherine was pregnant with her second child.[143] She was admitted on 2 May 2015 to the same hospital and gave birth to Princess Charlotte.[144] Catherine's third pregnancy was announced on 4 September 2017;[145] Prince Louis was born on 23 April 2018.[146] William and Catherine have owned two English Cocker Spaniels, named Lupo and Orla.[147][148]

Duke of Cambridge

 
With Catherine at the Canada Day celebration in 2011, during their first tour outside the United Kingdom

William was created Duke of Cambridge, Earl of Strathearn, and Baron Carrickfergus on the day of his wedding in April 2011.[149][150][151] He and Catherine toured Canada that summer, attending Canada Day celebrations on Parliament Hill; William delivered speeches at Quebec City Hall and Northwest Territories, the former entirely in French and the latter including phrases from the Na-Dene and Inuvialuktun languages.[152][153][154] Following initial public indifference[155] the couple drew crowds of up to half a million[156] and were praised for their relatability, with William referred to "comfortably" as a "prince of Canada" by the CBC.[157]

William and Catherine served as ambassadors for the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, during multiple sporting events throughout the games.[158] In September that year, they toured Singapore, Malaysia, Tuvalu, and the Solomon Islands as part of the Queen's Diamond Jubilee celebrations.[159] William hosted his first investiture ceremony at Buckingham Palace in October 2013, an "extension of the Duke of Cambridge's public duties" after leaving the Royal Air Force.[160] In April 2014 he and Catherine undertook a royal tour to New Zealand and Australia with their son, George.[161] The tour was well-received by local press, with the New Zealand prime minister, John Key, crediting the couple with alleviating republican sentiment.[162] In August that year, William, Catherine and Harry represented the royal family at World War I commemorations in Belgium.[163] In December 2014 William and Catherine visited New York and Washington DC, where he made a speech at the World Bank condemning the illegal trade in wildlife.[164][165]

In 2015 and 2016 William embarked on various visits of Asian countries, including Japan, China, Bhutan and India;[166][167][168][169] he was the first royal to visit mainland China in almost three decades, with the press referring to William's diplomacy as "deft" and "polished".[170][171][172] In response to media allegations of being "work-shy," William asserted his commitment to his duties, emphasizing his dedication to fatherhood and his role in air ambulance work.[173] Countries visited by William and Catherine in 2017 included France, Poland, Germany, and Belgium.[174][175][176][177] In January 2018 the couple visited Sweden and Norway.[178] The visits, which were, like others, requested by the Foreign Office, were interpreted to benefit UK-European relations post Brexit.[179][180][181] In June 2018 William toured Jordan, Israel and Palestine.[182][183]

 
William and Catherine greeting members of the public on their visit to Sweden in 2018

William and Catherine toured Pakistan in October 2019, which was the royal family's first visit to the country in 13 years.[184] In November 2020, it was reported that William had tested positive for COVID-19 in April but decided not to alert the media to 'avoid alarming the nation'.[185] The Daily Telegraph reported he had been "very ill" and had isolated away from his family;[186] other sources said that he had not been seriously ill, not bed-ridden and working for most of the time.[187] In December that year, the couple embarked on a tour of England, Scotland, and Wales via the British royal train "to pay tribute to the inspiring work" of communities and charities in 2020.[188][189][190] Boris Johnson expressed his support, while Scottish first minister Nicola Sturgeon criticised the tour, citing travel restrictions; local governments were consulted before planning the tour.[191][192]

In William's capacity as Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, he and Catherine toured the country in May 2021.[193] In Cornwall in June 2021, the couple attended the G7 summit for the first time, meeting with Joe and Jill Biden.[194][195][196] In March 2022, the couple embarked on a tour of Belize, the Bahamas and Jamaica as part of the Queen's Platinum Jubilee celebrations. They encountered political and press criticism, given his family's ancestral connections to colonialism and the Atlantic slave trade.[197][198] Reparations for slavery emerged as a major demand of public protesters during the couple's visit.[199] In a speech in Jamaica, William stated that the royal family would accept each country's decision on republicanism with "pride and respect".[200] During the unveiling of the National Windrush Monument in London, William described the tour as "an opportunity to reflect" and condemned racism faced by both members of the Windrush generation and British minorities in 2022.[201][202] In May 2022 William attended the State Opening of Parliament for the first time as a counsellor of state, where his father delivered the Queen's Speech on behalf of William's grandmother.[203]

Prince of Wales

 
With Joe Biden in Boston, December 2022

Queen Elizabeth II died on 8 September 2022, and William's father succeeded as Charles III. William, now heir apparent, was created Prince of Wales by his father on 9 September.[204] Controversy regarding the title became a topic of public debate in Wales.[205] By 17 September, a petition calling for the end of the title had received over 30,000 signatures,[206][207] while a YouGov poll showed 66 per cent support for William to be given the title compared to 22 percent of respondents opposed.[208] On 30 October, Senedd Llywydd Elin Jones noted that an investiture is not a constitutional requirement and suggested that contemporary Wales would deem it unnecessary.[209] Kensington Palace also stated an investiture is "not on the table".[210] As the eldest son of the British monarch, William has inherited the Duchy of Cornwall, which brings him additional income.[211][212] The duchy is "a £760 million (about US$1.25 billion) entity established in 1337" to provide a private income to the monarch's eldest son.[61]

William and Catherine visited Anglesey and Swansea on 27 September 2022, which marked their first visit to Wales since becoming Prince and Princess of Wales.[213] He visited the Senedd in November 2022, meeting the Welsh first minister Mark Drakeford.[214] In February 2023, William and Catherine visited Falmouth, marking their first visit to the region since becoming Duke and Duchess of Cornwall.[215] In March 2023 he undertook a solo visit to Poland during which he visited Rzeszów to meet Polish and British troops and Ukrainian refugees, and had talks with Polish president Andrzej Duda at the Presidential Palace.[216][217] In October 2023, William and Catherine condemned the Hamas-led attack on Israel.[218] In February 2024, he visited the headquarters of the British Red Cross, where he met humanitarian aid workers supporting civilians during the Israel–Gaza conflict, and called for an end to the fighting in a statement approved by the UK government.[219][220] Later that month, William pulled out at the last moment from the thanksgiving service of his godfather, Constantine II of Greece, due to an undisclosed "personal matter".[221] The same month, he visited Western Marble Arch Synagogue to acknowledge the increase in antisemitism and human suffering in the Middle East.[222]

Charity work

Further information: Royal Foundation

William became aware of HIV/AIDS in the mid-1990s when he accompanied his mother and brother on visits to shelters and clinics for patients. In January 2005, he and Harry volunteered at a British Red Cross aid distribution centre to pack emergency supplies for countries affected by the 2004 Boxing Day tsunami.[223] Later, in May 2005, William spent two weeks in North Wales with Mountain Rescue England and Wales (MREW).[223] In May 2007, he became patron of MREW and president of the Royal Marsden Hospital, the latter of which was a role previously held by his mother.[224][225]

In July 2007, William and Harry organised the Concert for Diana, in memory of their mother, which benefitted the charities and patronages of Diana, William, and Harry.[226] In October 2008, the brothers embarked on the 1,000 mile eight-day Enduro Africa motorbike ride across South Africa to raise money for Sentebale, UNICEF and the Nelson Mandela Children's Fund.[227] In 2010, William became a patron of 100 Women in Hedge Funds' philanthropic initiatives for the following three years until 2012.[228] He succeeded Lord Attenborough in 2010 as the fifth president of the British Academy of Film and Television Arts.[229] In March 2011, he and Catherine set up a gift fund held by The Foundation of Prince William and Prince Harry to allow well-wishers to donate money to charities supporting the armed forces, children, the elderly, art, sport and conservation in lieu of gifts.[230] The charity was later renamed the Royal Foundation.[231][c]

William has spoken out for LGBT rights as part of his work against cyberbullying, stating the importance of being "proud of the person you are" and discussing the effects of online abuse and discrimination.[233] In 2016, he appeared in the July issue of Attitude and became the first member of the royal family to be featured on the cover of a gay magazine.[234] He was recognised at the British LGBT Awards in May 2017.[233] William hosted a commemorative Pride Month discussion with mental health charity volunteers at the Royal Vauxhall Tavern in June 2023.[235]

In March 2020, William appeared in a video for the National Emergencies Trust, launching a fundraising appeal to help charities during the pandemic. The appeal raised £11 million in its first week, eventually totalling to £90 million, with the money going out to "front line charities" and to the UK Community Foundations to be distributed among "local community foundations".[236][237] In April 2020, he officially became patron of the organisation.[238] Later that month, he made a surprise appearance on The Big Night In, a telethon held during the COVID-19 pandemic, in a skit which he held a video call with Stephen Fry, who reprised his role as (a descendant of) Lord Melchett, from the Blackadder series.[239]

In December 2020, William and Catherine became joint patrons of NHS Charities Together.[240] In February 2021, he visited a vaccination centre in King's Lynn and later encouraged use of the vaccine, denouncing false information that could cause vaccine hesitancy.[241][242] In May 2021, William got his first dose of COVID-19 vaccine by NHS staff at the Science Museum in London.[243] In September 2021, it was reported that he had assisted in the evacuation of an Afghan officer, a Royal Military Academy Sandhurst graduate and aide to British troops, from Kabul airport, along with over 10 of his family members, during the 2021 Taliban offensive.[244] In March 2022 amid the Russian invasion of Ukraine, William and Catherine made a donation to help the refugees.[245] In February 2023, they donated to the Disasters Emergency Committee (DEC) which was helping victims of the 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquake.[246] In July 2023, William became patron of the appeal to launch The Fleming Centre, driving a new global movement to tackle antimicrobial resistance.[247]

Conservation

 
At a United for Wildlife Taskforce Meeting at Buckingham Palace, 2017

William became patron of the Tusk Trust in December 2005,[224] a charity that works towards conserving wildlife and initiating community development across Africa.[248][249] He carried out his first official duty with the Trust in launching a 5,000-mile (8,000 km) bike ride across the African continent in April 2008.[250] Later, William helped with launching the Tusk Conservation Awards, which have been presented to selected environmental activists annually since 2013.[251] In June 2010, he and his brother visited Botswana, Lesotho, and South Africa, undertaking projects relating to wildlife, sport, and young children.[252] In 2013, he succeeded his grandfather, the Duke of Edinburgh, as president of Fields in Trust.[253] He established the United for Wildlife Transport Taskforce in December 2014, with the goal of reducing global illegal wildlife trade.[254] In 2014, Jane Goodall stated that William had expressed the view that all ivory in the royal collection needed to be destroyed.[255] William has occasionally commented on the effects of overpopulation on the wildlife of Africa, but his remarks have been criticised in the media for not taking resource consumption and population density into consideration.[256]

After two years of research, William launched the Earthshot Prize in October 2020, designed to provide funding and incentive for environmental solutions over the next decade. The Prize will be awarded every year from 2021 until 2030 to five winners each year, in accordance with five categories detailing the restoration of nature, air cleanliness, ocean conservation, waste-free living, and climate change.[257] Following the launch, he gave a TED Talk on environmental protection and conservation as part of the TED Countdown climate change initiative.[258] Later that month, William took over the patronages of Fauna and Flora International and the British Trust for Ornithology, passed on from his grandparents.[259] In the same month, he appeared in an ITV documentary titled Prince William: A Planet For Us All to discuss environmental issues.[260]

In 2021, William made a private donation to the Thin Green Line Foundation, which provides grants for the relatives of conservation park rangers that are killed every year while protecting wildlife.[261] In July 2022, he condemned the murder of South African park ranger Anton Mzimba and asked for the responsible parties to "be brought to justice".[262] In August 2022, William voiced his support for the 63-month prison sentence given in the United States to a man responsible for trafficking rhinoceros horns and elephant ivory.[263] He had previously called for harsher punishments and penalties for poachers and smugglers at the Illegal Wildlife Trade Conference in 2018.[264]

Mental health

Since 2009, William has been patron of Child Bereavement UK, which provides support to children and families who have lost a loved one.[265] In 2016, the Royal Foundation launched multiple mental health initiatives, including Heads Together, a campaign led by William, Catherine and Harry to de-stigmatise mental health.[266] Legacy programmes include Mental Health at Work, launched in September 2018 to change the approach to workplace mental health in the United Kingdom, as well as Heads Up, launched in May 2019 in partnership with the Football Association, utilising football to affect the conversation surrounding mental health in adults.[267][268] Later that month, the couple together with William's brother and sister-in-law launched Shout, the United Kingdom's first 24/7 text messaging service for those who suffer from mental issues.[269] William later volunteered on the crisis helpline during the COVID-19 lockdowns to provide support via text message.[270] He attributes his interest in mental health to his experiences as an air ambulance pilot, his work with the homeless, veterans' welfare, and his wife's anti-addiction advocacy.[26]

In March 2020, William and Catherine began supporting a new mental health initiative by the Public Health England agency amidst the coronavirus pandemic.[271] In April 2020, the couple announced Our Frontline, an initiative providing mental health support to emergency medical workers.[272] In September 2020 he established the Emergency Responders Senior Leaders Board, commissioned by the foundation to research the mental health and wellbeing of emergency responders, in partnership with King's College London and the Open University.[273] In May 2021 and 2022, William and Catherine voiced the Mental Health Minute message, which was broadcast on every radio station in the United Kingdom on and asked people to help individuals around them that suffer from loneliness.[274][275] In October 2022, to mark the World Mental Health Day, the couple took over Newsbeat and interviewed four guests on topics related to mental health.[276] In September 2023 William unveiled two organizations that had partnered with the Duchy of Cornwall to raise better mental well-being and provide mental health services for all its tenants.[277][278] In October 2023 to mark World Mental Health Day, he and Catherine took part in a forum for young people in Birmingham, alongside BBC Radio 1 and charity called The Mix, called Exploring our Emotional Worlds continuing their longstanding work to promote mental well-being.[279]

Homelessness

In September 2005, William became patron of Centrepoint, a charity that assists the homeless.[224][280] In December 2009, as part of a Centrepoint-organised event, the prince spent the night in a sleeping bag near Blackfriars Bridge to raise awareness of the experiences of homeless youth.[281] He opened their new facility, Apprenticeship House, in November 2019 to mark their 50th anniversary.[282]

William has been patron of homelessness charity The Passage since 2019 after first visiting the centre in 1993 with his mother.[283] In October 2020, he wrote the introduction to the organisation's 40th-anniversary fundraising cookbook, discussing the importance of helping victims of homelessness during the COVID-19 pandemic.[284] In December 2020, William volunteered at the charity to help prepare donation bags for homeless residents in emergency hotel accommodations and spoke with residents about their experiences.[285] In 2022 and 2023, he was spotted selling copies of The Big Issue on the streets, copies of which are usually sold by homeless and unemployed people to collect money.[286][287]

In June 2023, William launched Homewards after two years of development, which aims to "finally end homelessness" in the United Kingdom.[288][289] The five-year initiative aims to tackle homelessness in six pilot locations across the United Kingdom with an initial seed funding allocated for each area by the Royal Foundation, working with existing private sector and grassroots charity partners.[288] The project focuses on early intervention and providing housing to families before other issues, such as abuse and joblessness, are addressed.[289] In February 2024, William, in partnership with Cornish charity St Petrocs, announced plans for building 24 homes on Duchy of Cornwall land in Nansledan to provide temporary accommodation for people experiencing homelessness in the area.[290] Future plans include building more than 400 social rented homes and a further 475 affordable dwellings in South East Faversham.[290]

Sport

 
Playing polo at Sandhurst in 2007

William often plays polo to raise money for charity.[291] He is a fan of football, and supports the English club Aston Villa.[292] He became president of England's Football Association in May 2006 and vice-royal patron of the Welsh Rugby Union (WRU) in February 2007, supporting the Queen as patron.[224] The same year, the WRU's decision to name the Prince William Cup drew criticism as some believed it would have been more appropriate to name it after Ray Gravell.[293][294][295] In December 2016, William became patron of the WRU.[296]

In December 2010, William, alongside David Cameron, attended a meeting with FIFA vice-president Chung Mong-joon at which Chung suggested a vote-trading deal for the right to host the 2018 World Cup in England. The English delegation reported the suggestion to FIFA, considering it a violation of anti-collusion rules.[297][298] In 2011, William, as president of the English FA, voted against Australia's 2022 FIFA bid and instead voted for South Korea, despite being Australia's future heir. In 2020, he voted against the joint Australia–New Zealand 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup bid and instead voted for Colombia.[299]

In February 2021, following an investigation into racism directed at Marcus Rashford, William released a statement as president of the FA, denouncing the "racist abuse... whether on the pitch, in the stands, or on social media" as "despicable" and stating that "we all have a responsibility" to create an environment of tolerance and accountability.[300] In April 2021, William criticised the planned breakaway competition The Super League, adding that he "share[d] the concerns of fans about the proposed Super League and the damage it risks causing to the game we love."[301] In July 2021, he condemned racist attacks against England football players following their loss at the UEFA Euro 2020 finale.[302]

In May 2007, William became patron of the English Schools' Swimming Association.[224] In 2012, together with his wife Catherine and brother Harry, William launched Coach Core. The program was set up following the 2012 Olympics and provides apprenticeship opportunities for people who desire to pursue a career as a professional coach.[303] In May 2020, he appeared in a BBC One Documentary titled Football, Prince William and Our Mental Health as a part of a campaign to promote men to discuss their mental issues using football as a common medium.[304]

Both William and Harry are enthusiastic motorcyclists; William owns a Ducati 1198 S Corse.[305] In May 2014, William, like his father and grandfather, became president of the British Sub-Aqua Club (BSAC).[306] He took part in a bandy event in Stockholm in January 2018.[307]

In November 2022, William was criticised by Welsh football followers and Welsh actor Michael Sheen for holding the Prince of Wales title whilst having affiliations with the England national football team, particularly after he presented jerseys to the squad in advance of the 2022 FIFA World Cup in which both Wales and England were placed in the same Group B.[308] William commented that he had supported the England football team from a very young age, but happily supported Welsh rugby union, of which he is patron, over England.[309] In August 2023, he was criticised in segments of the press and social media for not attending 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup final in Australia as president of the FA.[310][311][312]

Public image

 
William in 2009

William has been one of the most popular members of the British royal family since his birth.[313][314][315] Having lived a public life since birth, he was regarded as a "heartthrob" and eligible as a young adult, similar to his father.[316][317][318] Ruth La Ferla of The New York Times contrasted William's "refined" and "polite" appeal to Leonardo DiCaprio's "bad-boy" popularity.[319] Following his marriage, William's public image assumed a more "staid" and fatherly demeanour, having "settled into a stable domestic order."[320][321]

Journalist Anne McElvoy has described William's public personality as a "genial presence" with a "tougher side", alongside his mother's "inimitable style".[322] Much of his royal duties focus on "big bet" projects, rather than "plaques and patronages". In 2016 William gave an interview stating his goal was "how do I make the royal family relevant in the next 20 years ... that's the challenge for me".[323][320]

In April 2011, Time magazine listed him as one of the most influential people in the world alongside his then-newlywed wife Catherine.[324] In August 2023, Gallup, Inc. named him as the most popular public figure in the US after conducting a survey that asked for people's views on 15 prominent individuals.[325] He was found to be the most popular member of the royal family by statistics and polling company YouGov in December 2022[326] and September 2023,[327] and as the second most popular in April 2024.[328]

Privacy and the media

The death of William's mother while being chased by the paparazzi in August 1997[329] has since influenced his attitude towards the media.[330] William and Catherine have often requested that, when off-duty, their privacy should be respected.[330] In 2005 William spoke with ITV reporter Tom Bradby and concluded that it was likely that their voicemails were being accessed.[331] An investigation under then Deputy Assistant Commissioner Peter Clarke concluded that the compromised voice mail accounts belonged to William's aides, including Jamie Lowther-Pinkerton,[332] and not the prince himself.[333] However, Clive Goodman later stated that he had hacked William's phone on 35 occasions.[334] William later sued News Group Newspapers, publisher of News of the World and The Sun, which resulted in an out-of-court settlement in 2020.[335] He and his brother Harry brought a claim privately through their mutual attorneys, but Harry later pursued his case separately with a new solicitor.[335][336]

In 2005, after his then-girlfriend Catherine Middleton was chased by the paparazzi on her way to a job interview, William consulted Middleton and her father and wrote a legal letter to newspapers requesting that they respect her privacy.[337] As media attention increased around the time of Middleton's 25th birthday in January 2007, he issued a public statement mentioning that "the situation is proving unbearable for all those concerned."[338] In October 2007, William issued a public statement via his press secretary complaining about the "aggressive pursuit" by "photographers on motorcycles, in vehicles and on foot" while the couple were leaving a London nightclub and later driving in his car.[339] Following the statement, Daily Mail, Daily Mirror, and Daily Express all decided against using the paparazzi photos of the couple, but The Sun published photos taken before the couple's car had left.[339] The statement prompted the Press Complaints Commission (PCC) to issue a warning, asking editors not to publish photographs which were taken through harassment.[339] In April 2009, William's lawyers obtained an apology from The Daily Star after the tabloid had claimed he had "wrecked" a $2m plane during pilot training.[340]

In September 2012, the French edition of Closer and Italian gossip magazine Chi published photographs of Catherine sun-bathing topless while on holiday at the Château d'Autet in Provence.[330] Analysts from The Times believed the photographs were taken from the D22 (Vaucluse) road half a kilometre from the pool – a distance that would require an 800-mm or a 1000-mm lens.[341] In September 2012, William and Catherine filed a criminal complaint with the French prosecution department and launched a claim for civil damages at the Tribunal de Grande Instance de Nanterre.[342] The following day the courts granted an injunction against Closer prohibiting further publication of the photographs and announced that a criminal investigation would be initiated.[343] Under French law, punitive damages cannot be awarded[344] but intrusions of privacy are a criminal offence.[345][346] In September 2017, Closer was fined €100,000 and its editor Laurence Pieau and owner Ernesto Mauri were each fined €45,000.[347]

In October 2014, William and Catherine sent a legal letter to a freelance photographer who had put their son George and his nanny "under surveillance", asking the individual to stop "harassing and following" them.[348] In August 2015, Kensington Palace published a letter detailing what it stated were the "dangerous" and invasive efforts of the media to get paparazzi pictures of Prince George and Princess Charlotte. Jason Knauf, communications secretary to the couple, wrote the letter to media standards organisations in various countries.[349]

In November 2016, William issued a statement supporting Prince Harry and his then-girlfriend, Meghan Markle, following their complaints about the press intrusion, stating that he "understands the situation concerning privacy and supports the need for Prince Harry to support those closest to him."[350] In November 2018 during a visit to the BBC studios in central London, he publicly criticised the social media firms' approach to handling "misinformation and conspiracy" and added, "Their self-image is so grounded in their positive power for good that they seem unable to engage in constructive discussion about the social problems they are creating".[351]

In June 2022, a three-minute video of William confronting Terry Harris, a paparazzi photographer, was posted on Harris' YouTube channel.[352] It was recorded by Harris in January 2021 and shows William arguing with Harris as the latter attempts to film William's family on a bike ride near Anmer Hall.[353] Kensington Palace described the video as a breach of the family's privacy and asked for it to be removed from public websites.[353] William and Catherine's lawyers also contacted the photographer, who claimed he was on public roads and had filmed the video after hearing about allegations that the couple had broken the "rule of six" as they toured a public attraction at Sandringham while William's uncle and aunt, then Earl and Countess of Wessex, and their children happened to be in the same spot.[352]

Titles, styles, honours, and arms

Main article: List of titles and honours of William, Prince of Wales

Titles and styles

William has been a British prince since birth, and was known as "Prince William of Wales" until April 2011. On his wedding day, 29 April 2011, his grandmother Elizabeth II created him Duke of Cambridge, Earl of Strathearn and Baron Carrickfergus. The letters patent granting these titles were issued on 26 May that year.[354][355]

As the eldest son of the monarch, William automatically became Duke of Cornwall, Duke of Rothesay, Earl of Carrick, Baron of Renfrew, Lord of the Isles, and Prince and Great Steward of Scotland on the accession of his father on 8 September 2022.[356][357] From 8 to 9 September, William was styled as "His Royal Highness the Duke of Cornwall and Cambridge".[358] On 9 September, Charles announced the creation of William as Prince of Wales, the traditional title for the male heir apparent to the British monarch. William has since been known as "His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales", except in Scotland, where he is called "His Royal Highness the Duke of Rothesay" instead.[208][359] The letters patent formally granting him this title and that of Earl of Chester were issued on 13 February 2023.[360]

Honours

William is a Royal Knight Companion of the Most Noble Order of the Garter (KG),[361] an Extra Knight of the Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle (KT),[362] Great Master of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath (GCB),[363] a member of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom (PC),[364][365] and a Personal Aide-de-Camp (ADC) to the sovereign.[366]

Arms

Coat of arms of William, Prince of Wales outside Scotland
 
Notes
The coat of arms of the Prince of Wales, as used outside Scotland, is the royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom with the addition a three-pointed label and an inescutcheon bearing the arms of Wales. For the arms of the Duke of Rothesay in Scotland, see royal coat of arms of Scotland.
Escutcheon
Quarterly first and fourth Gules three lions passant guardant in pale Or armed and langed Azure second Or a lion rampant Gules armed and langued Azure within a double tressure flory counterflory third Azure a harp Or stringed Argent, with over all a label of three points Argent, and on an inescutcheon ensigned by the coronet of the heir-apparent, quarterly, Or and Gules four lions passant guardant counterchanged, ensigned by the coronet of his degree.[367]
Symbolism
As with the Royal Arms of the United Kingdom. The first and fourth quarters are the arms of England, the second of Scotland, the third of Ireland. The inescutcheon represents Wales.
Previous versions
 
 
 
Prince William was granted a personal coat of arms on his 18th birthday, differenced by a white (or silver) label with three points, the centre point bearing a red clam shell (an "escallop"), to distinguish it from the arms of other members of the Royal Family.[368] The escallop (seashell) alludes to his late mother Diana, Princess of Wales, whose Spencer coat of arms includes three Escallops Argent.[369]
Other versions
 
In February 2013, Queen Elizabeth II approved the conjugal arms of the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, consisting of their individual arms displayed side by side, beneath a helm and coronet denoting the duke's status as grandson of the sovereign. These were released in September of the same year.[370]
Coat of arms of William, Duke of Rothesay in Scotland
 
Notes
The coat of arms of the Duke of Rothesay are only used in Scotland. Outside of Scotland the coat of arms of the Prince of Wales is the royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom with the addition of a three-pointed label and an inescutcheon bearing the arms of Wales.
Adopted
8 September 2022
Crest
Upon the royal helm the coronet of the Prince of Wales, thereon a lion sejant affronté Gules armed and langued Azure, differenced with a label of three points azure, crowned with the coronet of the Prince of Wales holding in his dexter paw a sword and in his sinister a sceptre, both Proper
Escutcheon
Quarterly first and fourth Or fess chequy argent and azure second and third Argent a galley sable overall an inescutcheon Or a lion rampant gules armed and langued azure within a double tressure flory-counter-flory of the second a label of three points azure
Supporters
Unicorns Argent, armed, crined and unguled Or imperially crowned proper, gorged with a coronet Or composed of crosses patée and fleurs de lys a chain affixed thereto passing between the forelegs and reflexed over the back also Or, differenced with a label of three points azure. Sinister holding the standard of Saint Andrew, dexter holding the royal arms of Scotland differenced with a label of three points azure.
Compartment
A compartment underneath from which issue thistles one towards each side of the escutcheon
Orders
The Order of the Thistle collar
Symbolism
The first and fourth quarters represent the title of the Lord High Steward of Scotland with the arms of Clan Stewart, the second and third quarters represent the title of Lord of the Isles, and the inescutcheon is the royal arms of Scotland differenced for an eldest son with a label of three points azure

Banners, flags, and standards

Main articles: Royal Standard of the United Kingdom and Royal standards of Canada
 
Feathers of the Prince of Wales

As heir apparent

The banners used by the Prince of Wales vary depending upon location. His personal standard is the Royal Standard of the United Kingdom differenced as in his arms with a label of three points Argent, and the escutcheon of the arms of the Principality of Wales in the centre. It is used outside Wales, Scotland, Cornwall, and Canada, and throughout the entire United Kingdom when the prince is acting in an official capacity associated with the United Kingdom Armed Forces.[371]

The personal flag for use in Wales is based upon the Royal Badge of Wales (the historic arms of the Kingdom of Gwynedd), which consist of four quadrants, the first and fourth with a red lion on a gold field, and the second and third with a gold lion on a red field. Superimposed is an escutcheon Vert bearing the single-arched coronet of the Prince of Wales.[371]

In Scotland, the personal banner used since 1974 is based upon three ancient Scottish titles: Duke of Rothesay (heir apparent to the King of Scots), High Steward of Scotland and Lord of the Isles. The flag is divided into four quadrants like the arms of the Chief of Clan Stewart of Appin; the first and fourth quadrants comprise a gold field with a blue and silver checkered band in the centre; the second and third quadrants display a black galley on a silver field. The arms are differenced from those of Appin by the addition of an inescutcheon bearing the tressured lion rampant of Scotland; defaced by a plain label of three points Azure to indicate the heir apparent.[371]

In Cornwall, the banner is the arms of the Duke of Cornwall: "Sable 15 bezants Or", that is, a black field bearing 15 gold coins.[371]

In Canada, a personal heraldic banner for the Prince of Wales was first issued in 2011, consisting of the shield of the Arms of Canada defaced with both a blue roundel of the Prince of Wales's feathers surrounded by a wreath of gold maple leaves, and a white label of three points.[372]

Banners of arms
 
Royal standard of the Prince of Wales for the United Kingdom
 
Personal Banner for Wales
 
Royal Standard as Duke of Rothesay
 
Personal Banner for Scotland
 
Banner of arms for the Duke of Cornwall
 
Canadian standard for the Prince of Wales

Former standards

Prior to the accession of his father, William used a banner derived from his arms, for use outside of Scotland and Canada. There was a variation of this used when in Scotland. In 2011, the Canadian Heraldic Authority introduced a personal heraldic flag for the Duke of Cambridge's use in Canada. It is the Royal Arms of Canada in banner form defaced with a blue roundel surrounded with a wreath of gold maple leaves and shells within which is a depiction of a "W" surmounted by a coronet. Above the roundel is a white label of three points, charged with a red shell.[373][374][375]

  •  
    Standard for the Duke of Cambridge
  •  
    Standard for the Earl of Strathearn
  •  
    Former Canadian personal Standard for Prince William

Ancestry

William's ancestry is royal and aristocratic. Patrilineally, he is a member of the House of Windsor and also descends from the House of Oldenburg, one of Europe's oldest royal houses. More specifically, he descends from the cadet branch known as the House of Glücksburg.[376]

Through his mother, William descends from the Earls Spencer – a cadet branch of the Spencer family descended from the Earls of Sunderland; the senior branch are now also Dukes of Marlborough; the Barons Fermoy; and more anciently from Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton, and Charles Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond – two illegitimate sons of King Charles II. As king, William would be the first monarch since the death of Anne in 1714 to undisputedly descend from Charles I and the first to descend from Charles II.[377]

William descends matrilineally from Eliza Kewark, a housekeeper for his 18th-century ancestor Theodore Forbes – a Scottish merchant who worked for the East India Company in Surat. She is variously described in contemporary documents as "a dark-skinned native woman", "an Armenian woman from Bombay", and "Mrs. Forbesian".[377] Genealogist William Addams Reitwiesner assumed Kewark was Armenian.[378] In June 2013, it was reported that genealogical DNA tests on two of William's distant matrilineal cousins confirm Kewark was matrilineally of Indian descent.[379][380][381][382]

Bibliography

Book contributions

  • "Preface", in: Hurd, Douglas (2015). Elizabeth II: The Steadfast. Allen Lane. ISBN 978-0-1419794-10.
  • "Introduction", in: Butfield, Colin; Hughes, Jonnie (2021). Earthshot: How to Save Our Planet. John Murray. ISBN 978-1-5293886-26.
  • "Foreword", in: Martell, Peter (2022). Flowers for Elephants: How a Conservation Movement in Kenya Offers Lessons for Us All. C. Hurst (Publishers) Limited. ISBN 978-1-7873869-38.
  • "Foreword", in: GCHQ (2022). Puzzles for Spies. National Geographic Books. ISBN 978-0-2415799-09.
  • "Foreword", in: Butfield, Colin; Hughes, Jonnie (2023). The Earthshot Prize: A Handbook for Dreamers and Thinkers: Solutions to Repair our Planet. Hachette Children's. ISBN 978-1-5263646-92.
  • "Foreword", in: Kent-Payne, Vaughan (2024). They Also Served: 200 People Who Trained At Sandhurst. Sandhurst Trust. from the original on 4 February 2024.

Authored letters and articles

  • The Duke of Cambridge (7 September 2020). "An open letter written by The Duke of Cambridge to mark Air Ambulance Week 2020". The Royal Family. from the original on 16 August 2023.
  • Prince William; Michael Bloomberg (28 September 2021). "We're in a race to save Earth from climate change". USA Today. from the original on 16 August 2023.
  • The Duke of Cambridge (20 June 2022). "Prince William: 'Why I wanted to work with The Big Issue'". The Big Issue. from the original on 2 October 2023.

See also

Footnotes

  1. ^ As a member of the royal family entitled to be called His Royal Highness, William does not normally use a surname. He has used both Mountbatten-Windsor,[1] and – at university and in his military career – Wales.[2] The middle name Louis is pronounced /ˈluːi/.
  2. ^ William had six godparents: former King Constantine II of Greece (his paternal second cousin once removed); Princess Alexandra, The Honourable Mrs Ogilvy (his paternal first cousin twice removed); the Duchess of Westminster; Lady Susan Hussey; Lord Romsey (his paternal second cousin once removed); and Sir Laurens van der Post.[7]
  3. ^ It was previously known as "The Royal Foundation of The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge and Prince Harry" and then "The Royal Foundation of The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge" before being renamed "The Royal Foundation of The Prince and Princess of Wales" in September 2022.[232]

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January 01, 1970
william, prince, wales, prince, william, prince, william, united, kingdom, redirect, here, other, uses, prince, william, disambiguation, william, united, kingdom, disambiguation, william, arthur, philip, louis, born, june, 1982, heir, apparent, british, throne. Prince William and Prince William of the United Kingdom redirect here For other uses see Prince William disambiguation and William of the United Kingdom disambiguation William Prince of Wales William Arthur Philip Louis born 21 June 1982 is the heir apparent to the British throne He is the elder son of King Charles III and Diana Princess of Wales WilliamPrince of Wales more William in 2021BornPrince William of Wales 1982 06 21 21 June 1982 age 41 St Mary s Hospital London EnglandSpouseCatherine Middleton m 2011 wbr IssuePrince George of Wales Princess Charlotte of Wales Prince Louis of WalesNamesWilliam Arthur Philip Louis a HouseWindsorFatherCharles IIIMotherDiana SpencerEducationEton College University of St Andrews MA Hons Royal Military Academy Sandhurst Royal Air Force College Cranwell Britannia Royal Naval College Defence Helicopter Flying SchoolMilitary careerAllegianceUnited KingdomService wbr branchBritish Armed ForcesActive service2006 2013RankSee listUnitBlues and RoyalsHMS Iron DukeRAF Search and Rescue Force William was born during the reign of his paternal grandmother Queen Elizabeth II He was educated at Wetherby School Ludgrove School and Eton College He earned a Master of Arts degree in geography at the University of St Andrews where he met his future wife Catherine Middleton They have three children George Charlotte and Louis After university William trained at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst prior to serving with the Blues and Royals In 2008 William graduated from the Royal Air Force College Cranwell joining the RAF Search and Rescue Force in early 2009 He served as a full time pilot with the East Anglian Air Ambulance for two years starting in July 2015 William performs official duties and engagements on behalf of the monarch He holds patronage with over 30 charitable and military organisations including the Tusk Trust Centrepoint The Passage Wales Air Ambulance and London s Air Ambulance Charity He undertakes projects through the Royal Foundation with his charity work revolving around mental health conservation homelessness and emergency workers In 2020 William launched the Earthshot Prize a 50 million initiative to incentivise environmental solutions over the next decade William was made Duke of Cambridge immediately before his wedding in April 2011 He became Duke of Cornwall and Duke of Rothesay following his father s accession to the throne on 8 September 2022 The following day he was made Prince of Wales Contents 1 Early life 2 Education 3 Early appointments and duties 3 1 Military and air ambulance service 4 Personal life 4 1 Pre marriage relationship with Catherine Middleton 4 2 Marriage and children 5 Duke of Cambridge 6 Prince of Wales 7 Charity work 7 1 Conservation 7 2 Mental health 7 3 Homelessness 7 4 Sport 8 Public image 9 Privacy and the media 10 Titles styles honours and arms 10 1 Titles and styles 10 2 Honours 10 3 Arms 10 4 Banners flags and standards 10 4 1 As heir apparent 10 4 2 Former standards 11 Ancestry 12 Bibliography 12 1 Book contributions 12 2 Authored letters and articles 13 See also 14 Footnotes 15 References 16 Further reading 16 1 Books 16 2 Articles 17 External linksEarly lifePrince William was born at 21 03 BST on 21 June 1982 in St Mary s Hospital London as the first child of Charles Prince of Wales later King Charles III and his first wife Diana Princess of Wales during the reign of his paternal grandmother Queen Elizabeth II 3 4 5 Buckingham Palace announced his name William Arthur Philip Louis on 28 June 3 William was christened in the Music Room of Buckingham Palace by the then Archbishop of Canterbury Robert Runcie on 4 August coinciding with the 82nd birthday of his paternal great grandmother Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother 6 b William was the first child born to a Prince and Princess of Wales since Prince John was born to Prince George and Princess Mary later King George V and Queen Mary in July 1905 8 When he was nine months old William accompanied his parents on their 1983 tour of Australia and New Zealand as his first trip overseas 9 It also marked the first time that a royal baby was taken on an overseas tour 10 His younger brother Prince Harry was born in September 1984 Both of them were raised at Kensington Palace in London and Highgrove House in Gloucestershire 11 12 13 Known informally as Wills within his family 14 William was nicknamed Willy by his brother and Wombat by his mother 15 16 Diana wished her sons to obtain broader and more typical life experiences beyond royal upbringing taking them to Walt Disney World McDonald s AIDS clinics and shelters for the homeless 17 Biographer Robert Lacey asserts that William a rambunctious and bratty child grew more reflective with a noticeably quiet character as he began boarding school 18 Diana was reported to have described William as my little wise old man on whom she started to rely as her confidant by his early teens 19 nbsp Shaking hands with Barbara Bush 1991 His mother Diana and brother Harry look on William carried out his first public engagement while accompanying his parents on a visit to Llandaff on Saint David s Day in 1991 20 He and Harry travelled to Canada on an official visit with their parents in 1991 and again with Charles in 1998 21 22 William s parents divorced in 1996 Diana died in a car accident in the early hours of 31 August 1997 William then aged 15 together with his 12 year old brother and their father was staying at Balmoral Castle at the time The following morning Charles informed William and Harry of their mother s death 23 William was reportedly uncertain as to whether he should walk behind his mother s coffin during the funeral procession His grandfather Prince Philip Duke of Edinburgh told him If you don t walk I think you ll regret it later If I walk will you walk with me 24 At the funeral William and Harry walked alongside their father grandfather and maternal uncle Charles Spencer 9th Earl Spencer behind the funeral cortege from Kensington Palace to Westminster Abbey 25 After his mother s death William stated that he was in a state of shock for many years 26 He and Harry inherited the majority of the 12 9 million left by their mother on their respective 30th birthdays a figure that had grown to 10 million each by 2014 27 28 In 2014 the brothers inherited their mother s wedding dress along with many other of her personal possessions including dresses diamond tiaras jewels letters and paintings They also received the original lyrics and score of Candle in the Wind by Bernie Taupin and Elton John as performed by the latter at Diana s funeral 28 In 2002 The Times reported that William and Harry would also share 4 9 million from trust funds established by their great grandmother on their respective 21st birthdays as well as 8 million upon their respective 40th birthdays 29 EducationWilliam was educated at private schools starting at Jane Mynors nursery school and the pre preparatory Wetherby School both in London 30 Following this he attended Ludgrove School near Wokingham Berkshire and was privately tutored during summers by Rory Stewart 31 At Ludgrove he participated in football swimming basketball clay pigeon shooting and cross country running He was subsequently admitted to Eton College studying geography biology and history of art at A Level He obtained an A in geography a C in biology and a B in history of art 32 33 34 William was captain of the swimming team and his house football team at Eton also taking up water polo 35 36 The decision to place William at Eton went against the family tradition of sending royal children to Gordonstoun which his father and grandfather both attended Diana s brother and father were both Eton students 17 The royal family and the tabloid press agreed that William would be allowed to study free from intrusion in exchange for regular updates about his life John Wakeham chairman of the Press Complaints Commission stated Prince William is not an institution nor a soap star nor a football hero He is a boy in the next few years perhaps the most important and sometimes painful part of his life he will grow up and become a man 17 While at Eton he often had tea on weekends at the nearby Windsor Castle with his grandmother discussing state boxes and constitutional duties meant to prepare him as future King 37 38 In June 1991 William was admitted to the Royal Berkshire Hospital after being accidentally hit on the forehead by a fellow pupil wielding a golf club He suffered a depressed fracture of the skull and was operated on at Great Ormond Street Hospital resulting in a permanent scar 39 The incident received widespread media attention 35 In 1999 he underwent an operation on his left hand after he broke a finger 40 After completing his studies at Eton William took a gap year during which he took part in British Army training exercises in Belize 41 worked on English dairy farms and visited Africa 42 As part of the Raleigh International programme in the town of Tortel in southern Chile William worked for ten weeks on local construction projects and taught English He lived with other young volunteers sharing in the common household chores 41 His interest in African culture prompted him to teach himself Swahili 43 In 2001 William enrolled at the University of St Andrews in Scotland 44 45 Similar to his time at Eton the media agreed not to invade his privacy and students were warned not to leak stories to the press 46 William embarked on a degree course in Art History but later changed his main subject to Geography He focused his dissertation on the Indian Ocean s Rodrigues coral reefs and graduated with an undergraduate Master of Arts MA Hons degree with upper second class honours in 2005 47 48 While at university he represented the Scottish national universities water polo team at the Celtic Nations tournament in 2004 36 He was reportedly known as Steve by other students to avoid any journalists overhearing and realising his identity 49 Early appointments and dutiesAt the age of 21 William was appointed a Counsellor of State he first served in that capacity when the Queen attended the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting in the same year 50 In July 2005 he embarked on his first solo public engagements on an overseas tour of New Zealand travelling to participate in World War II commemorations 51 50 According to author Tina Brown he had like his father expressed a desire to become Governor General of Australia 52 In 2009 the Queen set up a private office for William and Harry with David Manning as their adviser 53 Manning accompanied William on his first official tour in January 2010 as the latter toured Auckland and Wellington William opened the new building of the Supreme Court of New Zealand and was welcomed by a Maori chief 54 55 The visit spurred crowds of many thousands with positive public reception compared to that of his mother s 1983 tour 56 In March 2011 William visited Christchurch New Zealand shortly after the earthquake 57 and spoke at the memorial service at Hagley Park on behalf of his grandmother 58 He also travelled to Australia to visit areas affected by flooding in Queensland and Victoria 59 60 To prepare for his eventual management of the Duchy of Cornwall in 2014 he entered St John s College Cambridge to undertake an executive agriculture management degree run by the Cambridge Programme for Sustainability Leadership CPSL of which his father is patron 61 62 Military and air ambulance service nbsp In Royal Air Force uniform at the 2010 Trooping the Colour Having decided on a military career William was admitted to the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst in January 2006 his admission was based on successfully completing a 44 week course as an Officer Cadet which led to his commission as a British Army officer 63 64 As Lieutenant Wales a name based on his father s then title Prince of Wales he followed his brother 65 into the Blues and Royals as a troop commander in an armoured reconnaissance unit after which he spent five months training for the post at Bovington Camp in Dorset 66 Despite the Queen s approval for William to serve on the frontline his position as second in line to the throne at the time cast doubts on his chances of seeing combat 67 Plans by the Ministry of Defence to send William to Southern Iraq leaked and the government eventually decided against sending him as it would endanger both his life and the lives of people around him if he was targeted 68 William instead trained in the Royal Navy and Royal Air Force obtaining his commission as a sub lieutenant in the former and a flying officer in the latter both broadly equivalent to the army rank of lieutenant After completing his training he undertook an attachment with the Royal Air Force at RAF Cranwell 69 70 Upon completing the course he was presented with his RAF wings by his father 71 who had received his own wings after training at Cranwell 72 During this secondment William flew to Afghanistan in a C 17 Globemaster that repatriated the body of Trooper Robert Pearson 73 William was then seconded to train with the Royal Navy 74 He then completed an accelerated Naval Officer training course at the Britannia Royal Naval College 74 Whilst serving on HMS Iron Duke in July 2008 William participated in a 40m drug seizure in the Atlantic north east of Barbados 75 He was part of the crew on the Lynx helicopter which helped seize 900 kg of cocaine from a speedboat for which he was awarded the United States Joint Services Achievement Medal 76 nbsp Piloting a Sea King helicopter in 2010 In January 2009 William transferred his commission to the RAF and was promoted to Flight Lieutenant He trained to become a helicopter pilot with the RAF s Search and Rescue Force 77 As part of his training across all branches of the military in 2009 he spent up to six weeks with the Special Air Service the Special Boat Service and the Special Reconnaissance Regiment 78 In January 2010 he graduated from the Defence Helicopter Flying School at RAF Shawbury 79 In the same month he transferred to the Search and Rescue Training Unit at RAF Valley Anglesey to receive training on the Sea King search and rescue helicopter he graduated in September 2010 80 81 This made him the first member of the British royal family since Henry VII to live in Wales 82 William s first rescue mission as co pilot of a RAF Sea King was in response to an emergency call from Liverpool Coastguard in October 2010 83 In November 2011 he participated in a search and rescue mission involving a cargo ship that was sinking in the Irish Sea William as a co pilot helped rescue two sailors 84 He was deployed to the Falkland Islands for a six week tour with No 1564 Flight from February to March 2012 85 86 The Argentine government condemned William s deployment to the islands close to the 30th anniversary of the beginning of the Falklands War as a provocative act 87 88 In June 2012 he gained a qualification to be captain or pilot in command of a Sea King rather than a co pilot 89 His active service as an RAF search and rescue pilot ended in September 2013 90 91 He conducted 156 search and rescue operations which resulted in 149 people being rescued 92 He later became patron to the Battle of Britain Memorial Flight 93 In July 2015 William began working full time as a pilot with the East Anglian Air Ambulance EAAA based at Cambridge Airport which he felt was a natural progression from his previous search and rescue role 94 95 He donated his full salary to the EAAA charity 95 William required a civil pilot s licence and further training before being permitted to begin his role 95 He underwent part of his training at Norwich Airport 96 William described working irregular shifts and dealing mostly with critical care cases 97 He also discussed the impact of witnessing intensive trauma and bereavement on his mental health and personal life 98 The BBC has written that William was exposed to the National Health Service in a way that no other senior royal has been or possibly ever will be 99 William left his position with EAAA in July 2017 to assume full time royal duties 100 99 After supporting an anniversary campaign for London s Air Ambulance Charity in 2019 he became the charity s official patron in March 2020 101 In May 2020 he granted permission to the charity to use Kensington Palace s private lawn to refuel during the COVID 19 pandemic 102 To mark Air Ambulance Week 2020 he wrote a letter thanking air ambulance workers stating his profound respect for the community particularly during the immeasurably difficult outbreak 103 104 In February 2023 he became patron of the Wales Air Ambulance charity 105 106 Personal lifePre marriage relationship with Catherine Middleton nbsp With Catherine on the Buckingham Palace balcony on their wedding day In 2001 William met Catherine Middleton while they were students in residence at St Salvator s Hall at the University of St Andrews and they became close friends 107 108 She reportedly caught William s attention at a charity fashion show at the university in 2002 when she appeared on the stage wearing a see through lace dress 109 During their second year William shared a flat with Middleton and two other friends 110 The couple began dating in 2003 111 From 2003 to 2005 they both resided at Balgove House on the Strathtyrum estate with two roommates 112 113 In 2004 the couple briefly split but reconciled soon afterwards 114 The relationship was followed closely by the tabloid press 115 116 Media attention became so intense that William asked the press to keep their distance from Middleton 116 In December 2006 Middleton and her family attended William s passing out parade at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst 117 118 In April 2007 William and Middleton were reported to have split 115 Middleton and her family attended the Concert for Diana three months later 110 the couple were subsequently reported to have rekindled their relationship 119 She was in attendance during the Order of the Garter procession ceremony at Windsor Castle in June 2008 where William was made a Royal Knight of the Garter 120 In June 2010 the couple moved into a cottage on the Bodorgan Estate in Anglesey Wales where they resided until 2014 121 122 123 Marriage and children Further information Wedding of Prince William and Catherine Middleton Wedding dress of Catherine Middleton and Engagement dress of Catherine Middleton nbsp With Catherine and their children at the Platinum Jubilee of Elizabeth II in 2022 The couple became engaged in October 2010 at a remote alpine cabin on Mount Kenya during a 10 day trip to the Lewa Wildlife Conservancy to celebrate William s passing the RAF helicopter search and rescue course 124 Clarence House announced their engagement on 16 November 125 William gave his fiancee his mother s engagement ring 126 The wedding took place in Westminster Abbey on 29 April 2011 127 About a million people lined the wedding procession route in London while the global audience for the wedding was reported to be over 300 million 128 129 130 131 William and Catherine used Nottingham Cottage as their London home until 2013 when 4 5 million renovations completed at Apartment 1A at Kensington Palace which continues to be their official residence in the capital 132 133 134 The couple were given the country house Anmer Hall on the Sandringham Estate as a wedding gift from the Queen where they lived from 2015 to 2017 135 136 Kensington Palace was the couple s main residence until 2022 when the family moved to Adelaide Cottage in Windsor 137 138 139 Catherine s first pregnancy was announced on 3 December 2012 140 She was admitted on 22 July 2013 to the Lindo Wing of St Mary s Hospital London where Prince William had been delivered Later that day she gave birth to Prince George 141 142 On 8 September 2014 it was announced that Catherine was pregnant with her second child 143 She was admitted on 2 May 2015 to the same hospital and gave birth to Princess Charlotte 144 Catherine s third pregnancy was announced on 4 September 2017 145 Prince Louis was born on 23 April 2018 146 William and Catherine have owned two English Cocker Spaniels named Lupo and Orla 147 148 Duke of Cambridge nbsp With Catherine at the Canada Day celebration in 2011 during their first tour outside the United Kingdom William was created Duke of Cambridge Earl of Strathearn and Baron Carrickfergus on the day of his wedding in April 2011 149 150 151 He and Catherine toured Canada that summer attending Canada Day celebrations on Parliament Hill William delivered speeches at Quebec City Hall and Northwest Territories the former entirely in French and the latter including phrases from the Na Dene and Inuvialuktun languages 152 153 154 Following initial public indifference 155 the couple drew crowds of up to half a million 156 and were praised for their relatability with William referred to comfortably as a prince of Canada by the CBC 157 William and Catherine served as ambassadors for the 2012 Summer Olympics in London during multiple sporting events throughout the games 158 In September that year they toured Singapore Malaysia Tuvalu and the Solomon Islands as part of the Queen s Diamond Jubilee celebrations 159 William hosted his first investiture ceremony at Buckingham Palace in October 2013 an extension of the Duke of Cambridge s public duties after leaving the Royal Air Force 160 In April 2014 he and Catherine undertook a royal tour to New Zealand and Australia with their son George 161 The tour was well received by local press with the New Zealand prime minister John Key crediting the couple with alleviating republican sentiment 162 In August that year William Catherine and Harry represented the royal family at World War I commemorations in Belgium 163 In December 2014 William and Catherine visited New York and Washington DC where he made a speech at the World Bank condemning the illegal trade in wildlife 164 165 In 2015 and 2016 William embarked on various visits of Asian countries including Japan China Bhutan and India 166 167 168 169 he was the first royal to visit mainland China in almost three decades with the press referring to William s diplomacy as deft and polished 170 171 172 In response to media allegations of being work shy William asserted his commitment to his duties emphasizing his dedication to fatherhood and his role in air ambulance work 173 Countries visited by William and Catherine in 2017 included France Poland Germany and Belgium 174 175 176 177 In January 2018 the couple visited Sweden and Norway 178 The visits which were like others requested by the Foreign Office were interpreted to benefit UK European relations post Brexit 179 180 181 In June 2018 William toured Jordan Israel and Palestine 182 183 nbsp William and Catherine greeting members of the public on their visit to Sweden in 2018 William and Catherine toured Pakistan in October 2019 which was the royal family s first visit to the country in 13 years 184 In November 2020 it was reported that William had tested positive for COVID 19 in April but decided not to alert the media to avoid alarming the nation 185 The Daily Telegraph reported he had been very ill and had isolated away from his family 186 other sources said that he had not been seriously ill not bed ridden and working for most of the time 187 In December that year the couple embarked on a tour of England Scotland and Wales via the British royal train to pay tribute to the inspiring work of communities and charities in 2020 188 189 190 Boris Johnson expressed his support while Scottish first minister Nicola Sturgeon criticised the tour citing travel restrictions local governments were consulted before planning the tour 191 192 In William s capacity as Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland he and Catherine toured the country in May 2021 193 In Cornwall in June 2021 the couple attended the G7 summit for the first time meeting with Joe and Jill Biden 194 195 196 In March 2022 the couple embarked on a tour of Belize the Bahamas and Jamaica as part of the Queen s Platinum Jubilee celebrations They encountered political and press criticism given his family s ancestral connections to colonialism and the Atlantic slave trade 197 198 Reparations for slavery emerged as a major demand of public protesters during the couple s visit 199 In a speech in Jamaica William stated that the royal family would accept each country s decision on republicanism with pride and respect 200 During the unveiling of the National Windrush Monument in London William described the tour as an opportunity to reflect and condemned racism faced by both members of the Windrush generation and British minorities in 2022 201 202 In May 2022 William attended the State Opening of Parliament for the first time as a counsellor of state where his father delivered the Queen s Speech on behalf of William s grandmother 203 Prince of Wales nbsp With Joe Biden in Boston December 2022 Queen Elizabeth II died on 8 September 2022 and William s father succeeded as Charles III William now heir apparent was created Prince of Wales by his father on 9 September 204 Controversy regarding the title became a topic of public debate in Wales 205 By 17 September a petition calling for the end of the title had received over 30 000 signatures 206 207 while a YouGov poll showed 66 per cent support for William to be given the title compared to 22 percent of respondents opposed 208 On 30 October Senedd Llywydd Elin Jones noted that an investiture is not a constitutional requirement and suggested that contemporary Wales would deem it unnecessary 209 Kensington Palace also stated an investiture is not on the table 210 As the eldest son of the British monarch William has inherited the Duchy of Cornwall which brings him additional income 211 212 The duchy is a 760 million about US 1 25 billion entity established in 1337 to provide a private income to the monarch s eldest son 61 William and Catherine visited Anglesey and Swansea on 27 September 2022 which marked their first visit to Wales since becoming Prince and Princess of Wales 213 He visited the Senedd in November 2022 meeting the Welsh first minister Mark Drakeford 214 In February 2023 William and Catherine visited Falmouth marking their first visit to the region since becoming Duke and Duchess of Cornwall 215 In March 2023 he undertook a solo visit to Poland during which he visited Rzeszow to meet Polish and British troops and Ukrainian refugees and had talks with Polish president Andrzej Duda at the Presidential Palace 216 217 In October 2023 William and Catherine condemned the Hamas led attack on Israel 218 In February 2024 he visited the headquarters of the British Red Cross where he met humanitarian aid workers supporting civilians during the Israel Gaza conflict and called for an end to the fighting in a statement approved by the UK government 219 220 Later that month William pulled out at the last moment from the thanksgiving service of his godfather Constantine II of Greece due to an undisclosed personal matter 221 The same month he visited Western Marble Arch Synagogue to acknowledge the increase in antisemitism and human suffering in the Middle East 222 Charity workFurther information Royal Foundation William became aware of HIV AIDS in the mid 1990s when he accompanied his mother and brother on visits to shelters and clinics for patients In January 2005 he and Harry volunteered at a British Red Cross aid distribution centre to pack emergency supplies for countries affected by the 2004 Boxing Day tsunami 223 Later in May 2005 William spent two weeks in North Wales with Mountain Rescue England and Wales MREW 223 In May 2007 he became patron of MREW and president of the Royal Marsden Hospital the latter of which was a role previously held by his mother 224 225 In July 2007 William and Harry organised the Concert for Diana in memory of their mother which benefitted the charities and patronages of Diana William and Harry 226 In October 2008 the brothers embarked on the 1 000 mile eight day Enduro Africa motorbike ride across South Africa to raise money for Sentebale UNICEF and the Nelson Mandela Children s Fund 227 In 2010 William became a patron of 100 Women in Hedge Funds philanthropic initiatives for the following three years until 2012 228 He succeeded Lord Attenborough in 2010 as the fifth president of the British Academy of Film and Television Arts 229 In March 2011 he and Catherine set up a gift fund held by The Foundation of Prince William and Prince Harry to allow well wishers to donate money to charities supporting the armed forces children the elderly art sport and conservation in lieu of gifts 230 The charity was later renamed the Royal Foundation 231 c William has spoken out for LGBT rights as part of his work against cyberbullying stating the importance of being proud of the person you are and discussing the effects of online abuse and discrimination 233 In 2016 he appeared in the July issue of Attitude and became the first member of the royal family to be featured on the cover of a gay magazine 234 He was recognised at the British LGBT Awards in May 2017 233 William hosted a commemorative Pride Month discussion with mental health charity volunteers at the Royal Vauxhall Tavern in June 2023 235 In March 2020 William appeared in a video for the National Emergencies Trust launching a fundraising appeal to help charities during the pandemic The appeal raised 11 million in its first week eventually totalling to 90 million with the money going out to front line charities and to the UK Community Foundations to be distributed among local community foundations 236 237 In April 2020 he officially became patron of the organisation 238 Later that month he made a surprise appearance on The Big Night In a telethon held during the COVID 19 pandemic in a skit which he held a video call with Stephen Fry who reprised his role as a descendant of Lord Melchett from the Blackadder series 239 In December 2020 William and Catherine became joint patrons of NHS Charities Together 240 In February 2021 he visited a vaccination centre in King s Lynn and later encouraged use of the vaccine denouncing false information that could cause vaccine hesitancy 241 242 In May 2021 William got his first dose of COVID 19 vaccine by NHS staff at the Science Museum in London 243 In September 2021 it was reported that he had assisted in the evacuation of an Afghan officer a Royal Military Academy Sandhurst graduate and aide to British troops from Kabul airport along with over 10 of his family members during the 2021 Taliban offensive 244 In March 2022 amid the Russian invasion of Ukraine William and Catherine made a donation to help the refugees 245 In February 2023 they donated to the Disasters Emergency Committee DEC which was helping victims of the 2023 Turkey Syria earthquake 246 In July 2023 William became patron of the appeal to launch The Fleming Centre driving a new global movement to tackle antimicrobial resistance 247 Conservation nbsp At a United for Wildlife Taskforce Meeting at Buckingham Palace 2017 William became patron of the Tusk Trust in December 2005 224 a charity that works towards conserving wildlife and initiating community development across Africa 248 249 He carried out his first official duty with the Trust in launching a 5 000 mile 8 000 km bike ride across the African continent in April 2008 250 Later William helped with launching the Tusk Conservation Awards which have been presented to selected environmental activists annually since 2013 251 In June 2010 he and his brother visited Botswana Lesotho and South Africa undertaking projects relating to wildlife sport and young children 252 In 2013 he succeeded his grandfather the Duke of Edinburgh as president of Fields in Trust 253 He established the United for Wildlife Transport Taskforce in December 2014 with the goal of reducing global illegal wildlife trade 254 In 2014 Jane Goodall stated that William had expressed the view that all ivory in the royal collection needed to be destroyed 255 William has occasionally commented on the effects of overpopulation on the wildlife of Africa but his remarks have been criticised in the media for not taking resource consumption and population density into consideration 256 After two years of research William launched the Earthshot Prize in October 2020 designed to provide funding and incentive for environmental solutions over the next decade The Prize will be awarded every year from 2021 until 2030 to five winners each year in accordance with five categories detailing the restoration of nature air cleanliness ocean conservation waste free living and climate change 257 Following the launch he gave a TED Talk on environmental protection and conservation as part of the TED Countdown climate change initiative 258 Later that month William took over the patronages of Fauna and Flora International and the British Trust for Ornithology passed on from his grandparents 259 In the same month he appeared in an ITV documentary titled Prince William A Planet For Us All to discuss environmental issues 260 In 2021 William made a private donation to the Thin Green Line Foundation which provides grants for the relatives of conservation park rangers that are killed every year while protecting wildlife 261 In July 2022 he condemned the murder of South African park ranger Anton Mzimba and asked for the responsible parties to be brought to justice 262 In August 2022 William voiced his support for the 63 month prison sentence given in the United States to a man responsible for trafficking rhinoceros horns and elephant ivory 263 He had previously called for harsher punishments and penalties for poachers and smugglers at the Illegal Wildlife Trade Conference in 2018 264 Mental health Since 2009 William has been patron of Child Bereavement UK which provides support to children and families who have lost a loved one 265 In 2016 the Royal Foundation launched multiple mental health initiatives including Heads Together a campaign led by William Catherine and Harry to de stigmatise mental health 266 Legacy programmes include Mental Health at Work launched in September 2018 to change the approach to workplace mental health in the United Kingdom as well as Heads Up launched in May 2019 in partnership with the Football Association utilising football to affect the conversation surrounding mental health in adults 267 268 Later that month the couple together with William s brother and sister in law launched Shout the United Kingdom s first 24 7 text messaging service for those who suffer from mental issues 269 William later volunteered on the crisis helpline during the COVID 19 lockdowns to provide support via text message 270 He attributes his interest in mental health to his experiences as an air ambulance pilot his work with the homeless veterans welfare and his wife s anti addiction advocacy 26 In March 2020 William and Catherine began supporting a new mental health initiative by the Public Health England agency amidst the coronavirus pandemic 271 In April 2020 the couple announced Our Frontline an initiative providing mental health support to emergency medical workers 272 In September 2020 he established the Emergency Responders Senior Leaders Board commissioned by the foundation to research the mental health and wellbeing of emergency responders in partnership with King s College London and the Open University 273 In May 2021 and 2022 William and Catherine voiced the Mental Health Minute message which was broadcast on every radio station in the United Kingdom on and asked people to help individuals around them that suffer from loneliness 274 275 In October 2022 to mark the World Mental Health Day the couple took over Newsbeat and interviewed four guests on topics related to mental health 276 In September 2023 William unveiled two organizations that had partnered with the Duchy of Cornwall to raise better mental well being and provide mental health services for all its tenants 277 278 In October 2023 to mark World Mental Health Day he and Catherine took part in a forum for young people in Birmingham alongside BBC Radio 1 and charity called The Mix called Exploring our Emotional Worlds continuing their longstanding work to promote mental well being 279 Homelessness In September 2005 William became patron of Centrepoint a charity that assists the homeless 224 280 In December 2009 as part of a Centrepoint organised event the prince spent the night in a sleeping bag near Blackfriars Bridge to raise awareness of the experiences of homeless youth 281 He opened their new facility Apprenticeship House in November 2019 to mark their 50th anniversary 282 William has been patron of homelessness charity The Passage since 2019 after first visiting the centre in 1993 with his mother 283 In October 2020 he wrote the introduction to the organisation s 40th anniversary fundraising cookbook discussing the importance of helping victims of homelessness during the COVID 19 pandemic 284 In December 2020 William volunteered at the charity to help prepare donation bags for homeless residents in emergency hotel accommodations and spoke with residents about their experiences 285 In 2022 and 2023 he was spotted selling copies of The Big Issue on the streets copies of which are usually sold by homeless and unemployed people to collect money 286 287 In June 2023 William launched Homewards after two years of development which aims to finally end homelessness in the United Kingdom 288 289 The five year initiative aims to tackle homelessness in six pilot locations across the United Kingdom with an initial seed funding allocated for each area by the Royal Foundation working with existing private sector and grassroots charity partners 288 The project focuses on early intervention and providing housing to families before other issues such as abuse and joblessness are addressed 289 In February 2024 William in partnership with Cornish charity St Petrocs announced plans for building 24 homes on Duchy of Cornwall land in Nansledan to provide temporary accommodation for people experiencing homelessness in the area 290 Future plans include building more than 400 social rented homes and a further 475 affordable dwellings in South East Faversham 290 Sport nbsp Playing polo at Sandhurst in 2007 William often plays polo to raise money for charity 291 He is a fan of football and supports the English club Aston Villa 292 He became president of England s Football Association in May 2006 and vice royal patron of the Welsh Rugby Union WRU in February 2007 supporting the Queen as patron 224 The same year the WRU s decision to name the Prince William Cup drew criticism as some believed it would have been more appropriate to name it after Ray Gravell 293 294 295 In December 2016 William became patron of the WRU 296 In December 2010 William alongside David Cameron attended a meeting with FIFA vice president Chung Mong joon at which Chung suggested a vote trading deal for the right to host the 2018 World Cup in England The English delegation reported the suggestion to FIFA considering it a violation of anti collusion rules 297 298 In 2011 William as president of the English FA voted against Australia s 2022 FIFA bid and instead voted for South Korea despite being Australia s future heir In 2020 he voted against the joint Australia New Zealand 2023 FIFA Women s World Cup bid and instead voted for Colombia 299 In February 2021 following an investigation into racism directed at Marcus Rashford William released a statement as president of the FA denouncing the racist abuse whether on the pitch in the stands or on social media as despicable and stating that we all have a responsibility to create an environment of tolerance and accountability 300 In April 2021 William criticised the planned breakaway competition The Super League adding that he share d the concerns of fans about the proposed Super League and the damage it risks causing to the game we love 301 In July 2021 he condemned racist attacks against England football players following their loss at the UEFA Euro 2020 finale 302 In May 2007 William became patron of the English Schools Swimming Association 224 In 2012 together with his wife Catherine and brother Harry William launched Coach Core The program was set up following the 2012 Olympics and provides apprenticeship opportunities for people who desire to pursue a career as a professional coach 303 In May 2020 he appeared in a BBC One Documentary titled Football Prince William and Our Mental Health as a part of a campaign to promote men to discuss their mental issues using football as a common medium 304 Both William and Harry are enthusiastic motorcyclists William owns a Ducati 1198 S Corse 305 In May 2014 William like his father and grandfather became president of the British Sub Aqua Club BSAC 306 He took part in a bandy event in Stockholm in January 2018 307 In November 2022 William was criticised by Welsh football followers and Welsh actor Michael Sheen for holding the Prince of Wales title whilst having affiliations with the England national football team particularly after he presented jerseys to the squad in advance of the 2022 FIFA World Cup in which both Wales and England were placed in the same Group B 308 William commented that he had supported the England football team from a very young age but happily supported Welsh rugby union of which he is patron over England 309 In August 2023 he was criticised in segments of the press and social media for not attending 2023 FIFA Women s World Cup final in Australia as president of the FA 310 311 312 Public image nbsp William in 2009 William has been one of the most popular members of the British royal family since his birth 313 314 315 Having lived a public life since birth he was regarded as a heartthrob and eligible as a young adult similar to his father 316 317 318 Ruth La Ferla of The New York Times contrasted William s refined and polite appeal to Leonardo DiCaprio s bad boy popularity 319 Following his marriage William s public image assumed a more staid and fatherly demeanour having settled into a stable domestic order 320 321 Journalist Anne McElvoy has described William s public personality as a genial presence with a tougher side alongside his mother s inimitable style 322 Much of his royal duties focus on big bet projects rather than plaques and patronages In 2016 William gave an interview stating his goal was how do I make the royal family relevant in the next 20 years that s the challenge for me 323 320 In April 2011 Time magazine listed him as one of the most influential people in the world alongside his then newlywed wife Catherine 324 In August 2023 Gallup Inc named him as the most popular public figure in the US after conducting a survey that asked for people s views on 15 prominent individuals 325 He was found to be the most popular member of the royal family by statistics and polling company YouGov in December 2022 326 and September 2023 327 and as the second most popular in April 2024 328 Privacy and the mediaThe death of William s mother while being chased by the paparazzi in August 1997 329 has since influenced his attitude towards the media 330 William and Catherine have often requested that when off duty their privacy should be respected 330 In 2005 William spoke with ITV reporter Tom Bradby and concluded that it was likely that their voicemails were being accessed 331 An investigation under then Deputy Assistant Commissioner Peter Clarke concluded that the compromised voice mail accounts belonged to William s aides including Jamie Lowther Pinkerton 332 and not the prince himself 333 However Clive Goodman later stated that he had hacked William s phone on 35 occasions 334 William later sued News Group Newspapers publisher of News of the World and The Sun which resulted in an out of court settlement in 2020 335 He and his brother Harry brought a claim privately through their mutual attorneys but Harry later pursued his case separately with a new solicitor 335 336 In 2005 after his then girlfriend Catherine Middleton was chased by the paparazzi on her way to a job interview William consulted Middleton and her father and wrote a legal letter to newspapers requesting that they respect her privacy 337 As media attention increased around the time of Middleton s 25th birthday in January 2007 he issued a public statement mentioning that the situation is proving unbearable for all those concerned 338 In October 2007 William issued a public statement via his press secretary complaining about the aggressive pursuit by photographers on motorcycles in vehicles and on foot while the couple were leaving a London nightclub and later driving in his car 339 Following the statement Daily Mail Daily Mirror and Daily Express all decided against using the paparazzi photos of the couple but The Sun published photos taken before the couple s car had left 339 The statement prompted the Press Complaints Commission PCC to issue a warning asking editors not to publish photographs which were taken through harassment 339 In April 2009 William s lawyers obtained an apology from The Daily Star after the tabloid had claimed he had wrecked a 2m plane during pilot training 340 In September 2012 the French edition of Closer and Italian gossip magazine Chi published photographs of Catherine sun bathing topless while on holiday at the Chateau d Autet in Provence 330 Analysts from The Times believed the photographs were taken from the D22 Vaucluse road half a kilometre from the pool a distance that would require an 800 mm or a 1000 mm lens 341 In September 2012 William and Catherine filed a criminal complaint with the French prosecution department and launched a claim for civil damages at the Tribunal de Grande Instance de Nanterre 342 The following day the courts granted an injunction against Closer prohibiting further publication of the photographs and announced that a criminal investigation would be initiated 343 Under French law punitive damages cannot be awarded 344 but intrusions of privacy are a criminal offence 345 346 In September 2017 Closer was fined 100 000 and its editor Laurence Pieau and owner Ernesto Mauri were each fined 45 000 347 In October 2014 William and Catherine sent a legal letter to a freelance photographer who had put their son George and his nanny under surveillance asking the individual to stop harassing and following them 348 In August 2015 Kensington Palace published a letter detailing what it stated were the dangerous and invasive efforts of the media to get paparazzi pictures of Prince George and Princess Charlotte Jason Knauf communications secretary to the couple wrote the letter to media standards organisations in various countries 349 In November 2016 William issued a statement supporting Prince Harry and his then girlfriend Meghan Markle following their complaints about the press intrusion stating that he understands the situation concerning privacy and supports the need for Prince Harry to support those closest to him 350 In November 2018 during a visit to the BBC studios in central London he publicly criticised the social media firms approach to handling misinformation and conspiracy and added Their self image is so grounded in their positive power for good that they seem unable to engage in constructive discussion about the social problems they are creating 351 In June 2022 a three minute video of William confronting Terry Harris a paparazzi photographer was posted on Harris YouTube channel 352 It was recorded by Harris in January 2021 and shows William arguing with Harris as the latter attempts to film William s family on a bike ride near Anmer Hall 353 Kensington Palace described the video as a breach of the family s privacy and asked for it to be removed from public websites 353 William and Catherine s lawyers also contacted the photographer who claimed he was on public roads and had filmed the video after hearing about allegations that the couple had broken the rule of six as they toured a public attraction at Sandringham while William s uncle and aunt then Earl and Countess of Wessex and their children happened to be in the same spot 352 Titles styles honours and armsMain article List of titles and honours of William Prince of Wales Titles and styles William has been a British prince since birth and was known as Prince William of Wales until April 2011 On his wedding day 29 April 2011 his grandmother Elizabeth II created him Duke of Cambridge Earl of Strathearn and Baron Carrickfergus The letters patent granting these titles were issued on 26 May that year 354 355 As the eldest son of the monarch William automatically became Duke of Cornwall Duke of Rothesay Earl of Carrick Baron of Renfrew Lord of the Isles and Prince and Great Steward of Scotland on the accession of his father on 8 September 2022 356 357 From 8 to 9 September William was styled as His Royal Highness the Duke of Cornwall and Cambridge 358 On 9 September Charles announced the creation of William as Prince of Wales the traditional title for the male heir apparent to the British monarch William has since been known as His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales except in Scotland where he is called His Royal Highness the Duke of Rothesay instead 208 359 The letters patent formally granting him this title and that of Earl of Chester were issued on 13 February 2023 360 Honours William is a Royal Knight Companion of the Most Noble Order of the Garter KG 361 an Extra Knight of the Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle KT 362 Great Master of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath GCB 363 a member of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom PC 364 365 and a Personal Aide de Camp ADC to the sovereign 366 Arms Coat of arms of William Prince of Wales outside Scotland nbsp Notes The coat of arms of the Prince of Wales as used outside Scotland is the royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom with the addition a three pointed label and an inescutcheon bearing the arms of Wales For the arms of the Duke of Rothesay in Scotland see royal coat of arms of Scotland Escutcheon Quarterly first and fourth Gules three lions passant guardant in pale Or armed and langed Azure second Or a lion rampant Gules armed and langued Azure within a double tressure flory counterflory third Azure a harp Or stringed Argent with over all a label of three points Argent and on an inescutcheon ensigned by the coronet of the heir apparent quarterly Or and Gules four lions passant guardant counterchanged ensigned by the coronet of his degree 367 Symbolism As with the Royal Arms of the United Kingdom The first and fourth quarters are the arms of England the second of Scotland the third of Ireland The inescutcheon represents Wales Previous versions nbsp nbsp nbsp Prince William was granted a personal coat of arms on his 18th birthday differenced by a white or silver label with three points the centre point bearing a red clam shell an escallop to distinguish it from the arms of other members of the Royal Family 368 The escallop seashell alludes to his late mother Diana Princess of Wales whose Spencer coat of arms includes three Escallops Argent 369 Other versions nbsp In February 2013 Queen Elizabeth II approved the conjugal arms of the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge consisting of their individual arms displayed side by side beneath a helm and coronet denoting the duke s status as grandson of the sovereign These were released in September of the same year 370 Coat of arms of William Duke of Rothesay in Scotland nbsp Notes The coat of arms of the Duke of Rothesay are only used in Scotland Outside of Scotland the coat of arms of the Prince of Wales is the royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom with the addition of a three pointed label and an inescutcheon bearing the arms of Wales Adopted 8 September 2022 Crest Upon the royal helm the coronet of the Prince of Wales thereon a lion sejant affronte Gules armed and langued Azure differenced with a label of three points azure crowned with the coronet of the Prince of Wales holding in his dexter paw a sword and in his sinister a sceptre both Proper Escutcheon Quarterly first and fourth Or fess chequy argent and azure second and third Argent a galley sable overall an inescutcheon Or a lion rampant gules armed and langued azure within a double tressure flory counter flory of the second a label of three points azure Supporters Unicorns Argent armed crined and unguled Or imperially crowned proper gorged with a coronet Or composed of crosses patee and fleurs de lys a chain affixed thereto passing between the forelegs and reflexed over the back also Or differenced with a label of three points azure Sinister holding the standard of Saint Andrew dexter holding the royal arms of Scotland differenced with a label of three points azure Compartment A compartment underneath from which issue thistles one towards each side of the escutcheon Orders The Order of the Thistle collar Symbolism The first and fourth quarters represent the title of the Lord High Steward of Scotland with the arms of Clan Stewart the second and third quarters represent the title of Lord of the Isles and the inescutcheon is the royal arms of Scotland differenced for an eldest son with a label of three points azure Banners flags and standards Main articles Royal Standard of the United Kingdom and Royal standards of Canada nbsp Feathers of the Prince of Wales As heir apparent The banners used by the Prince of Wales vary depending upon location His personal standard is the Royal Standard of the United Kingdom differenced as in his arms with a label of three points Argent and the escutcheon of the arms of the Principality of Wales in the centre It is used outside Wales Scotland Cornwall and Canada and throughout the entire United Kingdom when the prince is acting in an official capacity associated with the United Kingdom Armed Forces 371 The personal flag for use in Wales is based upon the Royal Badge of Wales the historic arms of the Kingdom of Gwynedd which consist of four quadrants the first and fourth with a red lion on a gold field and the second and third with a gold lion on a red field Superimposed is an escutcheon Vert bearing the single arched coronet of the Prince of Wales 371 In Scotland the personal banner used since 1974 is based upon three ancient Scottish titles Duke of Rothesay heir apparent to the King of Scots High Steward of Scotland and Lord of the Isles The flag is divided into four quadrants like the arms of the Chief of Clan Stewart of Appin the first and fourth quadrants comprise a gold field with a blue and silver checkered band in the centre the second and third quadrants display a black galley on a silver field The arms are differenced from those of Appin by the addition of an inescutcheon bearing the tressured lion rampant of Scotland defaced by a plain label of three points Azure to indicate the heir apparent 371 In Cornwall the banner is the arms of the Duke of Cornwall Sable 15 bezants Or that is a black field bearing 15 gold coins 371 In Canada a personal heraldic banner for the Prince of Wales was first issued in 2011 consisting of the shield of the Arms of Canada defaced with both a blue roundel of the Prince of Wales s feathers surrounded by a wreath of gold maple leaves and a white label of three points 372 Banners of arms nbsp Royal standard of the Prince of Wales for the United Kingdom nbsp Personal Banner for Wales nbsp Royal Standard as Duke of Rothesay nbsp Personal Banner for Scotland nbsp Banner of arms for the Duke of Cornwall nbsp Canadian standard for the Prince of Wales Former standards Prior to the accession of his father William used a banner derived from his arms for use outside of Scotland and Canada There was a variation of this used when in Scotland In 2011 the Canadian Heraldic Authority introduced a personal heraldic flag for the Duke of Cambridge s use in Canada It is the Royal Arms of Canada in banner form defaced with a blue roundel surrounded with a wreath of gold maple leaves and shells within which is a depiction of a W surmounted by a coronet Above the roundel is a white label of three points charged with a red shell 373 374 375 nbsp Standard for the Duke of Cambridge nbsp Standard for the Earl of Strathearn nbsp Former Canadian personal Standard for Prince WilliamAncestryWilliam s ancestry is royal and aristocratic Patrilineally he is a member of the House of Windsor and also descends from the House of Oldenburg one of Europe s oldest royal houses More specifically he descends from the cadet branch known as the House of Glucksburg 376 Through his mother William descends from the Earls Spencer a cadet branch of the Spencer family descended from the Earls of Sunderland the senior branch are now also Dukes of Marlborough the Barons Fermoy and more anciently from Henry FitzRoy 1st Duke of Grafton and Charles Lennox 1st Duke of Richmond two illegitimate sons of King Charles II As king William would be the first monarch since the death of Anne in 1714 to undisputedly descend from Charles I and the first to descend from Charles II 377 William descends matrilineally from Eliza Kewark a housekeeper for his 18th century ancestor Theodore Forbes a Scottish merchant who worked for the East India Company in Surat She is variously described in contemporary documents as a dark skinned native woman an Armenian woman from Bombay and Mrs Forbesian 377 Genealogist William Addams Reitwiesner assumed Kewark was Armenian 378 In June 2013 it was reported that genealogical DNA tests on two of William s distant matrilineal cousins confirm Kewark was matrilineally of Indian descent 379 380 381 382 Ancestors of William Prince of Wales 383 384 8 Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark4 Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark9 Princess Alice of Battenberg2 Charles III of the United Kingdom10 George VI of the United Kingdom5 Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom11 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon1 William Prince of Wales12 Albert Spencer 7th Earl Spencer6 John Spencer 8th Earl Spencer13 Lady Cynthia Hamilton3 Lady Diana Spencer14 Maurice Roche 4th Baron Fermoy7 The Honourable Frances Roche15 Ruth GillBibliographyBook contributions Preface in Hurd Douglas 2015 Elizabeth II The Steadfast Allen Lane ISBN 978 0 1419794 10 Introduction in Butfield Colin Hughes Jonnie 2021 Earthshot How to Save Our Planet John Murray ISBN 978 1 5293886 26 Foreword in Martell Peter 2022 Flowers for Elephants How a Conservation Movement in Kenya Offers Lessons for Us All C Hurst Publishers Limited ISBN 978 1 7873869 38 Foreword in GCHQ 2022 Puzzles for Spies National Geographic Books ISBN 978 0 2415799 09 Foreword in Butfield Colin Hughes Jonnie 2023 The Earthshot Prize A Handbook for Dreamers and Thinkers Solutions to Repair our Planet Hachette Children s ISBN 978 1 5263646 92 Foreword in Kent Payne Vaughan 2024 They Also Served 200 People Who Trained At Sandhurst Sandhurst Trust Archived from the original on 4 February 2024 Authored letters and articles The Duke of Cambridge 7 September 2020 An open letter written by The Duke of Cambridge to mark Air Ambulance Week 2020 The Royal Family Archived from the original on 16 August 2023 Prince William Michael Bloomberg 28 September 2021 We re in a race to save Earth from climate change USA Today Archived from the original on 16 August 2023 The Duke of Cambridge 20 June 2022 Prince William Why I wanted to work with The Big Issue The Big Issue Archived from the original on 2 October 2023 See alsoRoyal William a German red rose named after Prince William shortly after his birth List of covers of Time magazine 1990s 2010s Footnotes As a member of the royal family entitled to be called His Royal Highness William does not normally use a surname He has used both Mountbatten Windsor 1 and at university and in his military career Wales 2 The middle name Louis is pronounced ˈ l uː i William had six godparents former King Constantine II of Greece his paternal second cousin once removed Princess Alexandra The Honourable Mrs Ogilvy his paternal first cousin twice removed the Duchess of Westminster Lady Susan Hussey Lord Romsey his paternal second cousin once removed and Sir Laurens van der Post 7 It was previously known as The Royal Foundation of The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge and Prince Harry and then The Royal Foundation of The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge before being renamed The Royal Foundation of The Prince and Princess of Wales in September 2022 232 References Lichfield John 19 September 2012 William and Kate win legal battle but lose war to keep topless photos under wraps The Independent Archived from the original on 9 October 2014 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