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Wikipedia

Jane Goodall

Dame Jane Morris Goodall DBE (/ˈɡʊdɔːl/; born Valerie Jane Morris-Goodall on 3 April 1934),[3] formerly Baroness Jane van Lawick-Goodall, is an English primatologist and anthropologist.[4] She is considered the world's foremost expert on chimpanzees, after 60 years studying the social and family interactions of wild chimpanzees. Goodall first went to Gombe Stream National Park in Tanzania in 1960, where she witnessed human-like behaviours amongst chimpanzees.[5][failed verification]


Jane Goodall

Goodall in Tanzania in 2018
Born
Valerie Jane Morris-Goodall

(1934-04-03) 3 April 1934 (age 89)
London, England, UK
EducationNewnham College, Cambridge (BA)
Darwin College, Cambridge (MA, PhD)
Known forStudy of chimpanzees, conservation, animal welfare
Spouses
(m. 1964; div. 1974)
Derek Bryceson
(m. 1975; died 1980)
Children1
Awards
Scientific career
ThesisBehaviour of free-living chimpanzees (1966)
Doctoral advisorRobert Hinde[1]
InfluencesLouis Leakey
Signature

She is the founder of the Jane Goodall Institute and the Roots & Shoots programme, and she has worked extensively on conservation and animal welfare issues. As of 2022, she is on the board of the Nonhuman Rights Project.[6] In April 2002, she was named a UN Messenger of Peace. Goodall is an honorary member of the World Future Council.

Early years

Valerie Jane Morris-Goodall was born in 1934 in Hampstead, London,[7] to businessman Mortimer Herbert Morris-Goodall (1907–2001) and Margaret Myfanwe Joseph (1906–2000),[8] a novelist from Milford Haven, Pembrokeshire,[9] who wrote under the name Vanne Morris-Goodall.[3]

The family later moved to Bournemouth, and Goodall attended Uplands School, an independent school in nearby Poole.[3]

As a child, Goodall's father gave her a stuffed toy chimpanzee named Jubilee as an alternative to a teddy bear. Goodall has said her fondness for it sparked her early love of animals, commenting, "My mother's friends were horrified by this toy, thinking it would frighten me and give me nightmares." Jubilee still sits on Goodall's dresser in London.[10]

Africa

Goodall had always been drawn to animals and Africa, which brought her to the farm of a friend in the Kenya highlands in 1957.[11] From there, she obtained work as a secretary, and acting on her friend's advice, she telephoned Louis Leakey,[12] the Kenyan archaeologist and palaeontologist, with no other thought than to make an appointment to discuss animals. Leakey, believing that the study of existing great apes could provide indications of the behaviour of early hominids,[13] was looking for a chimpanzee researcher, though he kept the idea to himself. Instead, he proposed that Goodall work for him as a secretary. After obtaining approval from his co-researcher and wife, British paleoanthropologist Mary Leakey, Louis sent Goodall to Olduvai Gorge in Tanganyika (present-day Tanzania), where he laid out his plans.[citation needed]

In 1958, Leakey sent Goodall to London to study primate behaviour with Osman Hill and primate anatomy with John Napier.[14] Leakey raised funds, and on 14 July 1960, Goodall went to Gombe Stream National Park, becoming the first of what would come to be called The Trimates.[15] She was accompanied by her mother, whose presence was necessary to satisfy the requirements of David Anstey, chief warden, who was concerned for their safety.[11] Goodall credits her mother with encouraging her to pursue a career in primatology, a male-dominated field at the time. Goodall has stated that women were not accepted in the field when she started her research in the late 1950s.[16] Today, the field of primatology is made up almost evenly of men and women, in part thanks to the trailblazing of Goodall and her encouragement of young women to join the field.[17]

Leakey arranged funding, and in 1962 he sent Goodall, who had no degree, to the University of Cambridge. She went to Newnham College, Cambridge, where she received her Bachelor of Arts in natural sciences by 1964, which is when she went up to the new Darwin College, Cambridge, for a Doctor of Philosophy in ethology.[18][1][11][19][20] She was the eighth person to be allowed to study for a PhD there without first having obtained a bachelor's degree.[3] Her thesis was completed in 1966 under the supervision of Robert Hinde on the Behaviour of free-living chimpanzees,[1] detailing her first five years of study at the Gombe Reserve.[3][19]

On 19 June 2006 the Open University of Tanzania awarded her an honorary Doctor of Science degree.

Work

Research at Gombe Stream National Park

Goodall in conversation with Silver Donald Cameron, discussing her work

Goodall studied chimpanzee social and family life beginning with the Kasakela chimpanzee community in Gombe Stream National Park, Tanzania, in 1960.[21][22] She found that "it isn't only human beings who have personality, who are capable of rational thought [and] emotions like joy and sorrow."[22] She also observed behaviours such as hugs, kisses, pats on the back, and even tickling, what we consider "human" actions.[22] Goodall insists that these gestures are evidence of "the close, supportive, affectionate bonds that develop between family members and other individuals within a community, which can persist throughout a life span of more than 50 years."[22]

Goodall's research at Gombe Stream challenged two long-standing beliefs of the day: that only humans could construct and use tools, and that chimpanzees were vegetarians.[22] While observing one chimpanzee feeding at a termite mound, she watched him repeatedly place stalks of grass into termite holes, then remove them from the hole covered with clinging termites, effectively "fishing" for termites.[23] The chimpanzees would also take twigs from trees and strip off the leaves to make the twig more effective, a form of object modification that is the rudimentary beginnings of toolmaking.[23] Humans had long distinguished themselves from the rest of the animal kingdom as "Man the Toolmaker". In response to Goodall's revolutionary findings, Louis Leakey wrote, "We must now redefine man, redefine tool, or accept chimpanzees as human!"[23][24][25]

In contrast to the peaceful and affectionate behaviours she observed, Goodall also found an aggressive side of chimpanzee nature at Gombe Stream. She discovered that chimpanzees will systematically hunt and eat smaller primates such as colobus monkeys.[22] Goodall watched a hunting group isolate a colobus monkey high in a tree and block all possible exits; then one chimpanzee climbed up and captured and killed the colobus.[25] The others then each took parts of the carcass, sharing with other members of the troop in response to begging behaviours.[25] The chimpanzees at Gombe kill and eat as much as one-third of the colobus population in the park each year.[22] This alone was a major scientific find that challenged previous conceptions of chimpanzee diet and behaviour.[citation needed][26]

Goodall also observed the tendency for aggression and violence within chimpanzee troops. Goodall observed dominant females deliberately killing the young of other females in the troop to maintain their dominance,[22] sometimes going as far as cannibalism.[23] She says of this revelation, "During the first ten years of the study I had believed […] that the Gombe chimpanzees were, for the most part, rather nicer than human beings. […] Then suddenly we found that chimpanzees could be brutal—that they, like us, had a darker side to their nature."[23] She described the 1974–1978 Gombe Chimpanzee War in her 1990 memoir, Through a Window: My Thirty Years with the Chimpanzees of Gombe. Her findings revolutionised contemporary knowledge of chimpanzee behaviour and were further evidence of the social similarities between humans and chimpanzees, albeit in a much darker manner.[citation needed]

Goodall also set herself apart from the traditional conventions of the time by naming the animals in her studies of primates instead of assigning each a number. Numbering was a nearly universal practice at the time and was thought to be important in the removal of oneself from the potential for emotional attachment to the subject being studied. Setting herself apart from other researchers also led her to develop a close bond with the chimpanzees and to become the only human ever accepted into chimpanzee society. She was the lowest-ranking member of a troop for a period of 22 months. Among those whom Goodall named during her years in Gombe were:[27]

  • David Greybeard, a grey-chinned male who first warmed up to Goodall;[28]
  • Goliath, a friend of David Greybeard, originally the alpha male named for his bold nature;
  • Mike, who through his cunning and improvisation displaced Goliath as the alpha male;
  • Humphrey, a big, strong, bullysome male;
  • Gigi, a large, sterile female who delighted in being the "aunt" of any young chimps or humans;
  • Mr. McGregor, a belligerent older male;
  • Flo, a motherly, high-ranking female with a bulbous nose and ragged ears, and her children; Figan, Faben, Freud, Fifi, and Flint;[29][30]
  • Frodo, Fifi's second-oldest child, an aggressive male who would frequently attack Jane and ultimately forced her to leave the troop when he became alpha male.[31]

Jane Goodall Institute

 
Goodall in 2009 with Hungarian Roots & Shoots group members

In 1977, Goodall established the Jane Goodall Institute (JGI), which supports the Gombe research, and she is a global leader in the effort to protect chimpanzees and their habitats. With nineteen offices around the world, the JGI is widely recognised for community-centred conservation and development programs in Africa. Its global youth program, Roots & Shoots, began in 1991 when a group of 16 local teenagers met with Goodall on her back porch in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. They were eager to discuss a range of problems they knew about from first-hand experience that caused them deep concern. The organisation has over 10,000 groups in over 100 countries as of 2010.[32]

In 1992, Goodall founded the Tchimpounga Chimpanzee Rehabilitation Centre in the Republic of Congo to care for chimpanzees orphaned due to bush-meat trade. The rehabilitation houses over a hundred chimps over its three islands.[33]

In 1994, Goodall founded the Lake Tanganyika Catchment Reforestation and Education (TACARE or "Take Care") pilot project to protect chimpanzees' habitat from deforestation by reforesting hills around Gombe while simultaneously educating neighbouring communities on sustainability and agriculture training. The TACARE project also supports young girls by offering them access to reproductive health education and through scholarships to finance their college tuition.[34]

 
Goodall in 2009 with Lou Perrotti, who contributed to her book Hope for Animals and Their World

Owing to an overflow of handwritten notes, photographs, and data piling up at Jane's home in Dar es Salaam in the mid-1990s, the Jane Goodall Institute's Center for Primate Studies was created at the University of Minnesota to house and organise this data. As of 2011 all of the original Jane Goodall archives reside there and have been digitised, analysed, and placed in an online database.[35] On 17 March 2011, Duke University spokesman Karl Bates announced that the archives will move to Duke, with Anne E. Pusey, Duke's chairman of evolutionary anthropology, overseeing the collection. Pusey, who managed the archives in Minnesota and worked with Goodall in Tanzania, had worked at Duke for a year.[36]

In 2018 and 2020, Goodall partnered with friend and CEO Michael Cammarata on two natural product lines from Schmidt's Naturals and Neptune Wellness Solutions. Five percent of every sale benefited the Jane Goodall Institute.[37][38][39]

As of 2004, Goodall devotes virtually all of her time to advocacy on behalf of chimpanzees and the environment, travelling nearly 300 days a year.[40][41] Goodall is also on the advisory council for the world's largest chimpanzee sanctuary outside of Africa, Save the Chimps in Fort Pierce, Florida.[42]

Activism

 
Goodall with Allyson Reed of Skulls Unlimited International, at the Association of Zoos and Aquariums annual conference in September 2009.

Goodall credits the 1986 Understanding Chimpanzees conference, hosted by the Chicago Academy of Sciences, with shifting her focus from observation of chimpanzees to a broader and more intense concern with animal-human conservation.[43] She is the former president of Advocates for Animals,[44] an organisation based in Edinburgh, Scotland, that campaigns against the use of animals in medical research, zoos, farming and sport.[citation needed][45]

Goodall is a vegetarian and advocates the diet for ethical, environmental, and health reasons. In The Inner World of Farm Animals (2009), Goodall writes that farm animals are "far more aware and intelligent than we ever imagined and, despite having been bred as domestic slaves, they are individual beings in their own right. As such, they deserve our respect. And our help. Who will plead for them if we are silent?"[46] Goodall has also said: "Thousands of people who say they 'love' animals sit down once or twice a day to enjoy the flesh of creatures who have been treated so with little respect and kindness just to make more meat."[47] In 2021, Goodall became a vegan and authored a cookbook titled Eat Meat Less.[48]

Goodall is an outspoken environmental advocate, speaking on the effects of climate change on endangered species such as chimpanzees. Goodall, alongside her foundation, collaborated with NASA to use satellite imagery from the Landsat series to remedy the effects of deforestation on chimpanzees and local communities in Western Africa by offering the villagers information on how to reduce activity and preserve their environment.[49]

In 2000, to ensure the safe and ethical treatment of animals during ethological studies, Goodall, alongside Professor Mark Bekoff, founded the organization Ethologists for the Ethical Treatment of Animals.[50]

In April 2008, Goodall gave a lecture entitled "Reason for Hope" at the University of San Diego's Joan B. Kroc Institute for Peace & Justice Distinguished Lecture Series.[citation needed][51]

In 2008, Goodall demanded the European Union end the use of medical research on animals and ensure more funding for alternative methods of medical research.[52]

In May 2008, Goodall controversially described Edinburgh Zoo's new primate enclosure as a "wonderful facility" where monkeys "are probably better off [than those] living in the wild in an area like Budongo, where one in six gets caught in a wire snare, and countries like Congo, where chimpanzees, monkeys and gorillas are shot for food commercially."[53] This was in conflict with Advocates for Animals' position on captive animals.[54] In June 2008, Goodall confirmed that she had resigned the presidency of the organisation which she had held since 1998, citing her busy schedule and explaining, "I just don't have time for them."[55]

Goodall is a patron of population concern charity Population Matters[56] and as of 2017 is an ambassador for Disneynature.[57]

In 2010, Goodall, through JGI, formed a coalition with a number of organizations such as the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) and the Humane Society of the United States (HSUS) and petitioned to list all chimpanzees, including those that are captive, as endangered.[58] In 2015, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) announced that they would accept this rule and that all chimpanzees would be classified as endangered.[59]

In 2011, Goodall became a patron of Australian animal protection group Voiceless. "I have for decades been concerned about factory farming, in part because of the tremendous harm inflicted on the environment, but also because of the shocking ongoing cruelty perpetuated on millions of sentient beings."[60]

In 2012, Goodall took on the role of challenger for the Engage in Conservation Challenge with The DO School, formerly known as the D&F Academy.[61] She worked with a group of aspiring social entrepreneurs to create a workshop to engage young people in conserving biodiversity, and to tackle a perceived global lack of awareness of the issue.[62]

In 2014, Goodall wrote to Air France executives, criticizing the airline's continued transport of monkeys to laboratories. Goodall called the practice "cruel" and "traumatic" for the monkeys involved. The same year, Goodall also wrote to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to criticize maternal deprivation experiments on baby monkeys in NIH laboratories.[63][64]

Prior to the 2015 UK general election, she was one of several celebrities who endorsed the parliamentary candidacy of the Green Party's Caroline Lucas.[65]

Goodall is a critic of fox hunting and was among more than 20 high-profile people who signed a letter to Members of Parliament in 2015 opposing Conservative prime minister David Cameron's plan to amend the Hunting Act 2004.[66]

During August 2019, Goodall was honoured for her contributions to science with a bronze sculpture in Midtown Manhattan alongside nine other women, part of the "Statues for Equality" project.[67]

In 2020, continuing her organization's work on the environment, Goodall vowed to plant 5 million trees, part of the 1 trillion tree initiative founded by the World Economic Forum.[68]

In February 2021, Jane Goodall and more than 140 scientists called on the EU Commission to abolish caging of farm animals.[69]

Personal life

Goodall has married twice. On 28 March 1964, she married a Dutch nobleman, wildlife photographer Baron Hugo van Lawick, at Chelsea Old Church, London, and became known during their marriage as Baroness Jane van Lawick-Goodall.[70] The couple had a son, Hugo Eric Louis (born 1967); they divorced in 1974. The following year, she married Derek Bryceson, a member of Tanzania's parliament and the director of that country's national parks. He died of cancer in October 1980.[71] Owing to his position in the Tanzanian government as head of the country's national park system, Bryceson could protect Goodall's research project and implement an embargo on tourism at Gombe.[71]

Goodall has stated that dogs are her favourite animal.[72]

Goodall suffers from prosopagnosia, which makes it difficult to recognize familiar faces.[73]

Religion and spirituality

Goodall was raised in a Christian congregationalist family. As a young woman, she took night classes in Theosophy. Her family were occasional churchgoers, but Goodall began attending more regularly as a teenager when the church appointed a new minister, Trevor Davies. "He was highly intelligent and his sermons were powerful and thought-provoking... I could have listened to his voice for hours... I fell madly in love with him... Suddenly, no one had to encourage me to go to church. Indeed, there were never enough services for my liking." Of her later discovery of the atheism and agnosticism of many of her scientific colleagues, Goodall wrote that "[f]ortunately, by the time I got to Cambridge I was twenty-seven years old and my beliefs had already moulded so that I was not influenced by these opinions."[74]

In her 1999 book Reason for Hope: A Spiritual Journey, Goodall describes the implications of a mystical experience she had at Notre Dame Cathedral in 1977: "Since I cannot believe that this was the result of chance, I have to admit anti-chance. And so I must believe in a guiding power in the universe – in other words, I must believe in God."[75] When asked if she believes in God, Goodall said in September 2010: "I don't have any idea of who or what God is. But I do believe in some great spiritual power. I feel it particularly when I'm out in nature. It's just something that's bigger and stronger than what I am or what anybody is. I feel it. And it's enough for me."[76] When asked in the same year if she still considers herself a Christian, Goodall told the Guardian "I suppose so; I was raised as a Christian." and stated that she saw no contradiction between evolution and belief in God.[77]

In her foreword to the 2017 book The Intelligence of the Cosmos by Ervin Laszlo, a philosopher of science who advocates quantum consciousness theory, Goodall wrote: "we must accept that there is an Intelligence driving the process [of evolution], that the Universe and life on Earth are inspired and in-formed by an unknown and unknowable Creator, a Supreme Being, a Great Spiritual Power."[78]

Criticism

 
Goodall at TEDGlobal 2007

Names instead of numbers

Goodall used unconventional practices in her study; for example, naming individuals instead of numbering them. At the time, numbering was used to prevent emotional attachment and loss of objectivity.[79][80]

Goodall wrote in 1993: "When, in the early 1960s, I brazenly used such words as 'childhood', 'adolescence', 'motivation', 'excitement', and 'mood' I was much criticised. Even worse was my crime of suggesting that chimpanzees had 'personalities'. I was ascribing human characteristics to nonhuman animals and was thus guilty of that worst of ethological sins -anthropomorphism."[81]

Feeding stations

Many standard methods aim to avoid interference by observers, and in particular some believe that the use of feeding stations to attract Gombe chimpanzees has altered normal foraging and feeding patterns and social relationships. This argument is the focus of a book published by Margaret Power in 1991.[82] It has been suggested that higher levels of aggression and conflict with other chimpanzee groups in the area were due to the feeding, which could have created the "wars" between chimpanzee social groups described by Goodall, aspects of which she did not witness in the years before artificial feeding began at Gombe. Thus, some regard Goodall's observations as distortions of normal chimpanzee behaviour.[83]

Goodall herself acknowledged that feeding contributed to aggression within and between groups, but maintained that the effect was limited to alteration of the intensity and not the nature of chimpanzee conflict, and further suggested that feeding was necessary for the study to be effective at all. Craig Stanford of the Jane Goodall Research Institute at the University of Southern California states that researchers conducting studies with no artificial provisioning have a difficult time viewing any social behaviour of chimpanzees, especially those related to inter-group conflict.[84]

Some recent studies, such as those by Crickette Sanz in the Goualougo Triangle (Congo) and Christophe Boesch in the Taï National Park (Ivory Coast), have not shown the aggression observed in the Gombe studies.[85] However, other primatologists disagree that the studies are flawed; for example, Jim Moore provides a critique of Margaret Powers' assertions[86] and some studies of other chimpanzee groups have shown aggression similar to that in Gombe even in the absence of feeding.[87]

Plagiarism and Seeds of Hope

On 22 March 2013, Hachette Book Group announced that Goodall's and co-author Gail Hudson's new book, Seeds of Hope, would not be released on 2 April as planned due to the discovery of plagiarised portions.[88] A reviewer for The Washington Post found unattributed sections that were copied from websites about organic tea, tobacco, and an "amateurish astrology site", as well as from Wikipedia.[89] Goodall apologised and stated, "It is important to me that the proper sources are credited, and I will be working diligently with my team to address all areas of concern. My goal is to ensure that when this book is released it is not only up to the highest of standards, but also that the focus be on the crucial messages it conveys."[90] The book was released on 1 April 2014, after review and the addition of 57 pages of endnotes.[91]

In popular culture

Gary Larson cartoon incident

One of Gary Larson's Far Side cartoons shows two chimpanzees grooming. One finds a blonde human hair on the other and inquires, "Conducting a little more 'research' with that Jane Goodall tramp?"[92] Goodall herself was in Africa at the time, and the Jane Goodall Institute thought this was in bad taste and had its lawyers draft a letter to Larson and his distribution syndicate in which they described the cartoon as an "atrocity". They were stymied by Goodall herself: When she returned and saw the cartoon, she stated that she found the cartoon amusing.[93]

Since then, all profits from sales of a shirt featuring this cartoon have gone to the Jane Goodall Institute. Goodall wrote a preface to The Far Side Gallery 5, detailing her version of the controversy, and the institute's letter was included next to the cartoon in the complete Far Side collection.[94] She praised Larson's creative ideas, which often compare and contrast the behaviour of humans and animals. In 1988, when Larson visited Goodall's research facility in Tanzania,[93] he was attacked by a chimpanzee named Frodo.[92]

Lego

On 3 March 2022, in celebration of Women's History Month and International Women's Day, The Lego Group issued set number 40530, A Jane Goodall Tribute, depicting a Jane Goodall minifigure and three chimpanzees in an African forest scene.[95]

Radio Four Today programme

On 31 December 2021, Goodall was the guest editor of the BBC Radio Four Today programme. She chose Francis Collins to be presenter of Thought for the Day.

Awards and recognition

 
Goodall teaching about wetlands in Martha's Vineyard, US, 2006

Goodall has received many honours for her environmental and humanitarian work, as well as others. She was named a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire in an Investiture held at Buckingham Palace in 2004.[96] In April 2002, Secretary-General Kofi Annan named Goodall a United Nations Messenger of Peace. Her other honours include the Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement, the French Legion of Honour, Medal of Tanzania, Japan's prestigious Kyoto Prize, the Benjamin Franklin Medal in Life Science, the Gandhi-King Award for Nonviolence and the Spanish Prince of Asturias Awards.

Goodall is also a member of the advisory board of BBC Wildlife magazine and a patron of Population Matters (formerly the Optimum Population Trust).

Goodall has received many tributes, honours, and awards from local governments, schools, institutions, and charities around the world. Goodall is honoured by The Walt Disney Company with a plaque on the Tree of Life at Walt Disney World's Animal Kingdom theme park, alongside a carving of her beloved David Greybeard, the original chimpanzee that approached Goodall during her first year at Gombe.[97] She is a member of both the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the American Philosophical Society.[98][99]

In 2010, Dave Matthews and Tim Reynolds held a benefit concert at DAR Constitution Hall in Washington DC to commemorate "Gombe 50: a global celebration of Jane Goodall's pioneering chimpanzee research and inspiring vision for our future".[100] Time magazine named Goodall as one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2019.[101] In 2021, she received the Templeton Prize.[102]

In 2022, Dr. Goodall received the Stephen Hawking Medal for Science Communication for her long-term study of social and family interactions of wild chimpanzees.[103]

In april 2023, Goodall was made 'Officier in de Orde van Oranje-Nassau' in a ceremony in Den Haag, the Netherlands.

Media

Books

  • 1969 My Friends the Wild Chimpanzees Washington, DC: National Geographic Society
  • 1971 Innocent Killers (with H. van Lawick). Boston: Houghton Mifflin; London: Collins
  • 1971 In the Shadow of Man Boston: Houghton Mifflin; London: Collins. Published in 48 languages
  • 1986 The Chimpanzees of Gombe: Patterns of Behavior Boston: Belknap Press of the Harvard University Press. Published also in Japanese and Russian. R.R. Hawkins Award for the Outstanding Technical, Scientific or Medical book of 1986, to Bellknap Press of Harvard University Press, Boston. The Wildlife Society (USA) Award for "Outstanding Publication in Wildlife Ecology and Management"
  • 1990 Through a Window: 30 years observing the Gombe chimpanzees London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson; Boston: Houghton Mifflin. Translated into more than 15 languages. 1991 Penguin edition, UK. American Library Association "Best" list among Nine Notable Books (Nonfiction) for 1991
  • 1991 Visions of Caliban (co-authored with Dale Peterson, PhD). Boston: Houghton Mifflin. New York Times "Notable Book" for 1993. Library Journal "Best Sci-Tech Book" for 1993
  • 1999 Brutal Kinship (with Michael Nichols). New York: Aperture Foundation
  • 1999 Reason For Hope; A Spiritual Journey (with Phillip Berman). New York: Warner Books, Inc. Translated into Japanese and Portuguese
  • 2000 40 Years At Gombe New York: Stewart, Tabori, and Chang
  • 2000 Africa In My Blood (edited by Dale Peterson). New York: Houghton Mifflin Company
  • 2001 Beyond Innocence: An Autobiography in Letters, the later years (edited by Dale Peterson). New York: Houghton Mifflin Company ISBN 0-618-12520-5
  • 2002 The Ten Trusts: What We Must Do To Care for the Animals We Love (with Marc Bekoff). San Francisco: Harper San Francisco
  • 2005 Harvest for Hope: A Guide to Mindful Eating New York: Warner Books, Inc. ISBN 0-446-53362-9
  • 2009 Hope for Animals and Their World: How Endangered Species Are Being Rescued from the Brink Grand Central Publishing ISBN 0-446-58177-1
  • 2013 Seeds of Hope: Wisdom and Wonder from the World of Plants (with Gail Hudson) Grand Central Publishing ISBN 1-4555-1322-9
  • 2021 The Book of Hope, with Douglas Abrams and Gail Hudson, Viking[104]

Children's books

  • 1972 Grub: The Bush Baby (with H. van Lawick). Boston: Houghton Mifflin
  • 1988 My Life with the Chimpanzees New York: Byron Preiss Visual Publications, Inc. Translated into French, Japanese and Chinese. Parenting's Reading-Magic Award for "Outstanding Book for Children," 1989
  • 1989 The Chimpanzee Family Book Saxonville, MA: Picture Book Studio; Munich: Neugebauer Press; London: Picture Book Studio. Translated into more than 15 languages, including Japanese and Swahili. The UNICEF Award for the best children's book of 1989. Austrian state prize for best children's book of 1990.
  • 1989 Jane Goodall's Animal World: Chimps New York: Macmillan
  • 1989 Animal Family Series: Chimpanzee Family; Lion Family; Elephant Family; Zebra Family; Giraffe Family; Baboon Family; Hyena Family; Wildebeest Family Toronto: Madison Marketing Ltd
  • 1994 With Love New York / London: North-South Books. Translated into German, French, Italian, and Japanese
  • 1999 Dr. White (illustrated by Julie Litty). New York: North-South Books
  • 2000 The Eagle & the Wren (illustrated by Alexander Reichstein). New York: North-South Books
  • 2001 Chimpanzees I Love: Saving Their World and Ours New York: Scholastic Press
  • 2002 (Foreword) "Slowly, Slowly, Slowly," Said the Sloth by Eric Carle. Philomel Books
  • 2004 Rickie and Henri: A True Story (with Alan Marks) Penguin Young Readers Group

Films

Goodall is the subject of more than 40 films:[105]

  • 1965 Miss Goodall and the Wild Chimpanzees National Geographic Society
  • 1973 Jane Goodall and the World of Animal Behavior: The Wild Dogs of Africa with Hugo van Lawick
  • 1975 Miss Goodall: The Hyena Story The World of Animal Behavior Series 16mm 1979 version for DiscoVision, not released for LaserDisc
  • 1976 Lions of the Serengeti an episode of The World About Us on BBC2
  • 1984 Among the Wild Chimpanzees National Geographic Special
  • 1988 People of the Forest with Hugo van Lawick
  • 1990 Chimpanzee Alert in the Nature Watch Series, Central Television
  • 1990 The Life and Legend of Jane Goodall National Geographic Society.
  • 1990 The Gombe Chimpanzees Bavarian Television
  • 1995 Fifi's Boys for the Natural World series for the BBC
  • 1996 Chimpanzee Diary for BBC2 Animal Zone
  • 1997 Animal Minds for BBC
  • Goodall voiced herself in the animated TV series The Wild Thornberrys.
  • 2000 Jane Goodall: Reason For Hope PBS special produced by KTCA
  • 2001 "Chimps R Us, on season 11, episode 8". Scientific American Frontiers. Chedd-Angier Production Company. 2000–2001. PBS. from the original on 2006.
  • 2002 Jane Goodall's Wild Chimpanzees (IMAX format), in collaboration with Science North
  • 2005 Jane Goodall's Return to Gombe for Animal Planet
  • 2006 Chimps, So Like Us HBO film nominated for 1990 Academy Award
  • 2007 When Animals Talk We Should Listen theatrical documentary feature co-produced by Animal Planet
  • 2010 Jane's Journey theatrical documentary feature co-produced by Animal Planet
  • 2012 Chimpanzee theatrical nature documentary feature co-produced by Disneynature
  • 2017 Jane biographical documentary film National Geographic Studios, in association with Public Road Productions. The film is directed and written by Brett Morgen, music by Philip Glass
  • 2018 Zayed's Antarctic Lights Dr Jane featured in the Environment Agency-Abu Dhabi film that screened on National Geographic-Abu Dhabi and won a World Medal at the New York Film and TV Awards.[106][107]
  • 2019 Exploring Hans Hass Dr Jane Goodall featured in the biographical documentary film about the legendary diving pioneer and filmmaker Hans Hass [108]
  • 2020 Jane Goodall: The Hope, biographical documentary film, National Geographic Studios, produced by Lucky 8[109]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c Goodall, Jane (1966). Behaviour of free-living chimpanzees. repository.cam.ac.uk (PhD thesis). OCLC 1063634333. EThOS uk.bl.ethos.727585.
  2. ^ "Dame Jane Goodall". Woman's Hour. 26 January 2010. BBC Radio 4. Retrieved 18 January 2014.
  3. ^ a b c d e The Biography Channel (2010). . Archived from the original on 10 August 2010. Retrieved 28 July 2010.
  4. ^ Holloway, M. (1997) Profile: Jane Goodall – Gombe's Famous Primate, Scientific American 277(4), 42–44.
  5. ^ . National Geographic. April 2003. Archived from the original on 10 December 2007. Retrieved 17 November 2014.
  6. ^ "Jane Goodall, Board Member". Nonhuman Rights Project. Retrieved 13 November 2022.
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External links

jane, goodall, australian, author, jane, goodall, dame, jane, morris, goodall, ɔː, born, valerie, jane, morris, goodall, april, 1934, formerly, baroness, jane, lawick, goodall, english, primatologist, anthropologist, considered, world, foremost, expert, chimpa. For the Australian author see Jane R Goodall Dame Jane Morris Goodall DBE ˈ ɡ ʊ d ɔː l born Valerie Jane Morris Goodall on 3 April 1934 3 formerly Baroness Jane van Lawick Goodall is an English primatologist and anthropologist 4 She is considered the world s foremost expert on chimpanzees after 60 years studying the social and family interactions of wild chimpanzees Goodall first went to Gombe Stream National Park in Tanzania in 1960 where she witnessed human like behaviours amongst chimpanzees 5 failed verification DameJane GoodallDBEGoodall in Tanzania in 2018BornValerie Jane Morris Goodall 1934 04 03 3 April 1934 age 89 London England UKEducationNewnham College Cambridge BA Darwin College Cambridge MA PhD Known forStudy of chimpanzees conservation animal welfareSpousesHugo van Lawick m 1964 div 1974 wbr Derek Bryceson m 1975 died 1980 wbr Children1AwardsKyoto Prize 1990 Hubbard Medal 1995 Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement 1997 Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire 2004 Templeton Prize 2021 Scientific careerThesisBehaviour of free living chimpanzees 1966 Doctoral advisorRobert Hinde 1 InfluencesLouis LeakeyJane Goodall s voice source source source from the BBC programme Woman s Hour 26 January 2010 2 SignatureShe is the founder of the Jane Goodall Institute and the Roots amp Shoots programme and she has worked extensively on conservation and animal welfare issues As of 2022 she is on the board of the Nonhuman Rights Project 6 In April 2002 she was named a UN Messenger of Peace Goodall is an honorary member of the World Future Council Contents 1 Early years 2 Africa 3 Work 3 1 Research at Gombe Stream National Park 3 2 Jane Goodall Institute 3 3 Activism 4 Personal life 4 1 Religion and spirituality 5 Criticism 5 1 Names instead of numbers 5 2 Feeding stations 5 3 Plagiarism and Seeds of Hope 6 In popular culture 6 1 Gary Larson cartoon incident 6 2 Lego 7 Radio Four Today programme 8 Awards and recognition 9 Media 9 1 Books 9 1 1 Children s books 9 2 Films 10 See also 11 References 12 External linksEarly yearsValerie Jane Morris Goodall was born in 1934 in Hampstead London 7 to businessman Mortimer Herbert Morris Goodall 1907 2001 and Margaret Myfanwe Joseph 1906 2000 8 a novelist from Milford Haven Pembrokeshire 9 who wrote under the name Vanne Morris Goodall 3 The family later moved to Bournemouth and Goodall attended Uplands School an independent school in nearby Poole 3 As a child Goodall s father gave her a stuffed toy chimpanzee named Jubilee as an alternative to a teddy bear Goodall has said her fondness for it sparked her early love of animals commenting My mother s friends were horrified by this toy thinking it would frighten me and give me nightmares Jubilee still sits on Goodall s dresser in London 10 AfricaGoodall had always been drawn to animals and Africa which brought her to the farm of a friend in the Kenya highlands in 1957 11 From there she obtained work as a secretary and acting on her friend s advice she telephoned Louis Leakey 12 the Kenyan archaeologist and palaeontologist with no other thought than to make an appointment to discuss animals Leakey believing that the study of existing great apes could provide indications of the behaviour of early hominids 13 was looking for a chimpanzee researcher though he kept the idea to himself Instead he proposed that Goodall work for him as a secretary After obtaining approval from his co researcher and wife British paleoanthropologist Mary Leakey Louis sent Goodall to Olduvai Gorge in Tanganyika present day Tanzania where he laid out his plans citation needed In 1958 Leakey sent Goodall to London to study primate behaviour with Osman Hill and primate anatomy with John Napier 14 Leakey raised funds and on 14 July 1960 Goodall went to Gombe Stream National Park becoming the first of what would come to be called The Trimates 15 She was accompanied by her mother whose presence was necessary to satisfy the requirements of David Anstey chief warden who was concerned for their safety 11 Goodall credits her mother with encouraging her to pursue a career in primatology a male dominated field at the time Goodall has stated that women were not accepted in the field when she started her research in the late 1950s 16 Today the field of primatology is made up almost evenly of men and women in part thanks to the trailblazing of Goodall and her encouragement of young women to join the field 17 Leakey arranged funding and in 1962 he sent Goodall who had no degree to the University of Cambridge She went to Newnham College Cambridge where she received her Bachelor of Arts in natural sciences by 1964 which is when she went up to the new Darwin College Cambridge for a Doctor of Philosophy in ethology 18 1 11 19 20 She was the eighth person to be allowed to study for a PhD there without first having obtained a bachelor s degree 3 Her thesis was completed in 1966 under the supervision of Robert Hinde on the Behaviour of free living chimpanzees 1 detailing her first five years of study at the Gombe Reserve 3 19 On 19 June 2006 the Open University of Tanzania awarded her an honorary Doctor of Science degree WorkResearch at Gombe Stream National Park source source source source source source source source Goodall in conversation with Silver Donald Cameron discussing her work Goodall studied chimpanzee social and family life beginning with the Kasakela chimpanzee community in Gombe Stream National Park Tanzania in 1960 21 22 She found that it isn t only human beings who have personality who are capable of rational thought and emotions like joy and sorrow 22 She also observed behaviours such as hugs kisses pats on the back and even tickling what we consider human actions 22 Goodall insists that these gestures are evidence of the close supportive affectionate bonds that develop between family members and other individuals within a community which can persist throughout a life span of more than 50 years 22 Goodall s research at Gombe Stream challenged two long standing beliefs of the day that only humans could construct and use tools and that chimpanzees were vegetarians 22 While observing one chimpanzee feeding at a termite mound she watched him repeatedly place stalks of grass into termite holes then remove them from the hole covered with clinging termites effectively fishing for termites 23 The chimpanzees would also take twigs from trees and strip off the leaves to make the twig more effective a form of object modification that is the rudimentary beginnings of toolmaking 23 Humans had long distinguished themselves from the rest of the animal kingdom as Man the Toolmaker In response to Goodall s revolutionary findings Louis Leakey wrote We must now redefine man redefine tool or accept chimpanzees as human 23 24 25 In contrast to the peaceful and affectionate behaviours she observed Goodall also found an aggressive side of chimpanzee nature at Gombe Stream She discovered that chimpanzees will systematically hunt and eat smaller primates such as colobus monkeys 22 Goodall watched a hunting group isolate a colobus monkey high in a tree and block all possible exits then one chimpanzee climbed up and captured and killed the colobus 25 The others then each took parts of the carcass sharing with other members of the troop in response to begging behaviours 25 The chimpanzees at Gombe kill and eat as much as one third of the colobus population in the park each year 22 This alone was a major scientific find that challenged previous conceptions of chimpanzee diet and behaviour citation needed 26 Goodall also observed the tendency for aggression and violence within chimpanzee troops Goodall observed dominant females deliberately killing the young of other females in the troop to maintain their dominance 22 sometimes going as far as cannibalism 23 She says of this revelation During the first ten years of the study I had believed that the Gombe chimpanzees were for the most part rather nicer than human beings Then suddenly we found that chimpanzees could be brutal that they like us had a darker side to their nature 23 She described the 1974 1978 Gombe Chimpanzee War in her 1990 memoir Through a Window My Thirty Years with the Chimpanzees of Gombe Her findings revolutionised contemporary knowledge of chimpanzee behaviour and were further evidence of the social similarities between humans and chimpanzees albeit in a much darker manner citation needed Goodall also set herself apart from the traditional conventions of the time by naming the animals in her studies of primates instead of assigning each a number Numbering was a nearly universal practice at the time and was thought to be important in the removal of oneself from the potential for emotional attachment to the subject being studied Setting herself apart from other researchers also led her to develop a close bond with the chimpanzees and to become the only human ever accepted into chimpanzee society She was the lowest ranking member of a troop for a period of 22 months Among those whom Goodall named during her years in Gombe were 27 David Greybeard a grey chinned male who first warmed up to Goodall 28 Goliath a friend of David Greybeard originally the alpha male named for his bold nature Mike who through his cunning and improvisation displaced Goliath as the alpha male Humphrey a big strong bullysome male Gigi a large sterile female who delighted in being the aunt of any young chimps or humans Mr McGregor a belligerent older male Flo a motherly high ranking female with a bulbous nose and ragged ears and her children Figan Faben Freud Fifi and Flint 29 30 Frodo Fifi s second oldest child an aggressive male who would frequently attack Jane and ultimately forced her to leave the troop when he became alpha male 31 Jane Goodall Institute Goodall in 2009 with Hungarian Roots amp Shoots group members In 1977 Goodall established the Jane Goodall Institute JGI which supports the Gombe research and she is a global leader in the effort to protect chimpanzees and their habitats With nineteen offices around the world the JGI is widely recognised for community centred conservation and development programs in Africa Its global youth program Roots amp Shoots began in 1991 when a group of 16 local teenagers met with Goodall on her back porch in Dar es Salaam Tanzania They were eager to discuss a range of problems they knew about from first hand experience that caused them deep concern The organisation has over 10 000 groups in over 100 countries as of 2010 update 32 In 1992 Goodall founded the Tchimpounga Chimpanzee Rehabilitation Centre in the Republic of Congo to care for chimpanzees orphaned due to bush meat trade The rehabilitation houses over a hundred chimps over its three islands 33 In 1994 Goodall founded the Lake Tanganyika Catchment Reforestation and Education TACARE or Take Care pilot project to protect chimpanzees habitat from deforestation by reforesting hills around Gombe while simultaneously educating neighbouring communities on sustainability and agriculture training The TACARE project also supports young girls by offering them access to reproductive health education and through scholarships to finance their college tuition 34 Goodall in 2009 with Lou Perrotti who contributed to her book Hope for Animals and Their World Owing to an overflow of handwritten notes photographs and data piling up at Jane s home in Dar es Salaam in the mid 1990s the Jane Goodall Institute s Center for Primate Studies was created at the University of Minnesota to house and organise this data As of 2011 update all of the original Jane Goodall archives reside there and have been digitised analysed and placed in an online database 35 On 17 March 2011 Duke University spokesman Karl Bates announced that the archives will move to Duke with Anne E Pusey Duke s chairman of evolutionary anthropology overseeing the collection Pusey who managed the archives in Minnesota and worked with Goodall in Tanzania had worked at Duke for a year 36 In 2018 and 2020 Goodall partnered with friend and CEO Michael Cammarata on two natural product lines from Schmidt s Naturals and Neptune Wellness Solutions Five percent of every sale benefited the Jane Goodall Institute 37 38 39 As of 2004 Goodall devotes virtually all of her time to advocacy on behalf of chimpanzees and the environment travelling nearly 300 days a year 40 41 Goodall is also on the advisory council for the world s largest chimpanzee sanctuary outside of Africa Save the Chimps in Fort Pierce Florida 42 Activism Goodall with Allyson Reed of Skulls Unlimited International at the Association of Zoos and Aquariums annual conference in September 2009 Goodall credits the 1986 Understanding Chimpanzees conference hosted by the Chicago Academy of Sciences with shifting her focus from observation of chimpanzees to a broader and more intense concern with animal human conservation 43 She is the former president of Advocates for Animals 44 an organisation based in Edinburgh Scotland that campaigns against the use of animals in medical research zoos farming and sport citation needed 45 Goodall is a vegetarian and advocates the diet for ethical environmental and health reasons In The Inner World of Farm Animals 2009 Goodall writes that farm animals are far more aware and intelligent than we ever imagined and despite having been bred as domestic slaves they are individual beings in their own right As such they deserve our respect And our help Who will plead for them if we are silent 46 Goodall has also said Thousands of people who say they love animals sit down once or twice a day to enjoy the flesh of creatures who have been treated so with little respect and kindness just to make more meat 47 In 2021 Goodall became a vegan and authored a cookbook titled Eat Meat Less 48 Goodall is an outspoken environmental advocate speaking on the effects of climate change on endangered species such as chimpanzees Goodall alongside her foundation collaborated with NASA to use satellite imagery from the Landsat series to remedy the effects of deforestation on chimpanzees and local communities in Western Africa by offering the villagers information on how to reduce activity and preserve their environment 49 This section may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia s quality standards The specific problem is WP PROSELINE Please help improve this section if you can September 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message In 2000 to ensure the safe and ethical treatment of animals during ethological studies Goodall alongside Professor Mark Bekoff founded the organization Ethologists for the Ethical Treatment of Animals 50 In April 2008 Goodall gave a lecture entitled Reason for Hope at the University of San Diego s Joan B Kroc Institute for Peace amp Justice Distinguished Lecture Series citation needed 51 In 2008 Goodall demanded the European Union end the use of medical research on animals and ensure more funding for alternative methods of medical research 52 In May 2008 Goodall controversially described Edinburgh Zoo s new primate enclosure as a wonderful facility where monkeys are probably better off than those living in the wild in an area like Budongo where one in six gets caught in a wire snare and countries like Congo where chimpanzees monkeys and gorillas are shot for food commercially 53 This was in conflict with Advocates for Animals position on captive animals 54 In June 2008 Goodall confirmed that she had resigned the presidency of the organisation which she had held since 1998 citing her busy schedule and explaining I just don t have time for them 55 Goodall is a patron of population concern charity Population Matters 56 and as of 2017 update is an ambassador for Disneynature 57 In 2010 Goodall through JGI formed a coalition with a number of organizations such as the Wildlife Conservation Society WCS and the Humane Society of the United States HSUS and petitioned to list all chimpanzees including those that are captive as endangered 58 In 2015 the U S Fish and Wildlife Service USFWS announced that they would accept this rule and that all chimpanzees would be classified as endangered 59 In 2011 Goodall became a patron of Australian animal protection group Voiceless I have for decades been concerned about factory farming in part because of the tremendous harm inflicted on the environment but also because of the shocking ongoing cruelty perpetuated on millions of sentient beings 60 In 2012 Goodall took on the role of challenger for the Engage in Conservation Challenge with The DO School formerly known as the D amp F Academy 61 She worked with a group of aspiring social entrepreneurs to create a workshop to engage young people in conserving biodiversity and to tackle a perceived global lack of awareness of the issue 62 In 2014 Goodall wrote to Air France executives criticizing the airline s continued transport of monkeys to laboratories Goodall called the practice cruel and traumatic for the monkeys involved The same year Goodall also wrote to the National Institutes of Health NIH to criticize maternal deprivation experiments on baby monkeys in NIH laboratories 63 64 Prior to the 2015 UK general election she was one of several celebrities who endorsed the parliamentary candidacy of the Green Party s Caroline Lucas 65 Goodall is a critic of fox hunting and was among more than 20 high profile people who signed a letter to Members of Parliament in 2015 opposing Conservative prime minister David Cameron s plan to amend the Hunting Act 2004 66 During August 2019 Goodall was honoured for her contributions to science with a bronze sculpture in Midtown Manhattan alongside nine other women part of the Statues for Equality project 67 In 2020 continuing her organization s work on the environment Goodall vowed to plant 5 million trees part of the 1 trillion tree initiative founded by the World Economic Forum 68 In February 2021 Jane Goodall and more than 140 scientists called on the EU Commission to abolish caging of farm animals 69 Personal lifeGoodall has married twice On 28 March 1964 she married a Dutch nobleman wildlife photographer Baron Hugo van Lawick at Chelsea Old Church London and became known during their marriage as Baroness Jane van Lawick Goodall 70 The couple had a son Hugo Eric Louis born 1967 they divorced in 1974 The following year she married Derek Bryceson a member of Tanzania s parliament and the director of that country s national parks He died of cancer in October 1980 71 Owing to his position in the Tanzanian government as head of the country s national park system Bryceson could protect Goodall s research project and implement an embargo on tourism at Gombe 71 Goodall has stated that dogs are her favourite animal 72 Goodall suffers from prosopagnosia which makes it difficult to recognize familiar faces 73 Religion and spirituality Goodall was raised in a Christian congregationalist family As a young woman she took night classes in Theosophy Her family were occasional churchgoers but Goodall began attending more regularly as a teenager when the church appointed a new minister Trevor Davies He was highly intelligent and his sermons were powerful and thought provoking I could have listened to his voice for hours I fell madly in love with him Suddenly no one had to encourage me to go to church Indeed there were never enough services for my liking Of her later discovery of the atheism and agnosticism of many of her scientific colleagues Goodall wrote that f ortunately by the time I got to Cambridge I was twenty seven years old and my beliefs had already moulded so that I was not influenced by these opinions 74 In her 1999 book Reason for Hope A Spiritual Journey Goodall describes the implications of a mystical experience she had at Notre Dame Cathedral in 1977 Since I cannot believe that this was the result of chance I have to admit anti chance And so I must believe in a guiding power in the universe in other words I must believe in God 75 When asked if she believes in God Goodall said in September 2010 I don t have any idea of who or what God is But I do believe in some great spiritual power I feel it particularly when I m out in nature It s just something that s bigger and stronger than what I am or what anybody is I feel it And it s enough for me 76 When asked in the same year if she still considers herself a Christian Goodall told the Guardian I suppose so I was raised as a Christian and stated that she saw no contradiction between evolution and belief in God 77 In her foreword to the 2017 book The Intelligence of the Cosmos by Ervin Laszlo a philosopher of science who advocates quantum consciousness theory Goodall wrote we must accept that there is an Intelligence driving the process of evolution that the Universe and life on Earth are inspired and in formed by an unknown and unknowable Creator a Supreme Being a Great Spiritual Power 78 Criticism Goodall at TEDGlobal 2007 Names instead of numbers Goodall used unconventional practices in her study for example naming individuals instead of numbering them At the time numbering was used to prevent emotional attachment and loss of objectivity 79 80 Goodall wrote in 1993 When in the early 1960s I brazenly used such words as childhood adolescence motivation excitement and mood I was much criticised Even worse was my crime of suggesting that chimpanzees had personalities I was ascribing human characteristics to nonhuman animals and was thus guilty of that worst of ethological sins anthropomorphism 81 Feeding stations Many standard methods aim to avoid interference by observers and in particular some believe that the use of feeding stations to attract Gombe chimpanzees has altered normal foraging and feeding patterns and social relationships This argument is the focus of a book published by Margaret Power in 1991 82 It has been suggested that higher levels of aggression and conflict with other chimpanzee groups in the area were due to the feeding which could have created the wars between chimpanzee social groups described by Goodall aspects of which she did not witness in the years before artificial feeding began at Gombe Thus some regard Goodall s observations as distortions of normal chimpanzee behaviour 83 Goodall herself acknowledged that feeding contributed to aggression within and between groups but maintained that the effect was limited to alteration of the intensity and not the nature of chimpanzee conflict and further suggested that feeding was necessary for the study to be effective at all Craig Stanford of the Jane Goodall Research Institute at the University of Southern California states that researchers conducting studies with no artificial provisioning have a difficult time viewing any social behaviour of chimpanzees especially those related to inter group conflict 84 Some recent studies such as those by Crickette Sanz in the Goualougo Triangle Congo and Christophe Boesch in the Tai National Park Ivory Coast have not shown the aggression observed in the Gombe studies 85 However other primatologists disagree that the studies are flawed for example Jim Moore provides a critique of Margaret Powers assertions 86 and some studies of other chimpanzee groups have shown aggression similar to that in Gombe even in the absence of feeding 87 Plagiarism and Seeds of Hope On 22 March 2013 Hachette Book Group announced that Goodall s and co author Gail Hudson s new book Seeds of Hope would not be released on 2 April as planned due to the discovery of plagiarised portions 88 A reviewer for The Washington Post found unattributed sections that were copied from websites about organic tea tobacco and an amateurish astrology site as well as from Wikipedia 89 Goodall apologised and stated It is important to me that the proper sources are credited and I will be working diligently with my team to address all areas of concern My goal is to ensure that when this book is released it is not only up to the highest of standards but also that the focus be on the crucial messages it conveys 90 The book was released on 1 April 2014 after review and the addition of 57 pages of endnotes 91 In popular cultureGary Larson cartoon incident One of Gary Larson s Far Side cartoons shows two chimpanzees grooming One finds a blonde human hair on the other and inquires Conducting a little more research with that Jane Goodall tramp 92 Goodall herself was in Africa at the time and the Jane Goodall Institute thought this was in bad taste and had its lawyers draft a letter to Larson and his distribution syndicate in which they described the cartoon as an atrocity They were stymied by Goodall herself When she returned and saw the cartoon she stated that she found the cartoon amusing 93 Since then all profits from sales of a shirt featuring this cartoon have gone to the Jane Goodall Institute Goodall wrote a preface to The Far Side Gallery 5 detailing her version of the controversy and the institute s letter was included next to the cartoon in the complete Far Side collection 94 She praised Larson s creative ideas which often compare and contrast the behaviour of humans and animals In 1988 when Larson visited Goodall s research facility in Tanzania 93 he was attacked by a chimpanzee named Frodo 92 Lego On 3 March 2022 in celebration of Women s History Month and International Women s Day The Lego Group issued set number 40530 A Jane Goodall Tribute depicting a Jane Goodall minifigure and three chimpanzees in an African forest scene 95 Radio Four Today programmeOn 31 December 2021 Goodall was the guest editor of the BBC Radio Four Today programme She chose Francis Collins to be presenter of Thought for the Day Awards and recognitionFurther information Awards received by Jane Goodall Goodall teaching about wetlands in Martha s Vineyard US 2006 Goodall has received many honours for her environmental and humanitarian work as well as others She was named a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire in an Investiture held at Buckingham Palace in 2004 96 In April 2002 Secretary General Kofi Annan named Goodall a United Nations Messenger of Peace Her other honours include the Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement the French Legion of Honour Medal of Tanzania Japan s prestigious Kyoto Prize the Benjamin Franklin Medal in Life Science the Gandhi King Award for Nonviolence and the Spanish Prince of Asturias Awards Goodall is also a member of the advisory board of BBC Wildlife magazine and a patron of Population Matters formerly the Optimum Population Trust Goodall has received many tributes honours and awards from local governments schools institutions and charities around the world Goodall is honoured by The Walt Disney Company with a plaque on the Tree of Life at Walt Disney World s Animal Kingdom theme park alongside a carving of her beloved David Greybeard the original chimpanzee that approached Goodall during her first year at Gombe 97 She is a member of both the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the American Philosophical Society 98 99 In 2010 Dave Matthews and Tim Reynolds held a benefit concert at DAR Constitution Hall in Washington DC to commemorate Gombe 50 a global celebration of Jane Goodall s pioneering chimpanzee research and inspiring vision for our future 100 Time magazine named Goodall as one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2019 101 In 2021 she received the Templeton Prize 102 In 2022 Dr Goodall received the Stephen Hawking Medal for Science Communication for her long term study of social and family interactions of wild chimpanzees 103 In april 2023 Goodall was made Officier in de Orde van Oranje Nassau in a ceremony in Den Haag the Netherlands MediaBooks 1969 My Friends the Wild Chimpanzees Washington DC National Geographic Society 1971 Innocent Killers with H van Lawick Boston Houghton Mifflin London Collins 1971 In the Shadow of Man Boston Houghton Mifflin London Collins Published in 48 languages 1986 The Chimpanzees of Gombe Patterns of Behavior Boston Belknap Press of the Harvard University Press Published also in Japanese and Russian R R Hawkins Award for the Outstanding Technical Scientific or Medical book of 1986 to Bellknap Press of Harvard University Press Boston The Wildlife Society USA Award for Outstanding Publication in Wildlife Ecology and Management 1990 Through a Window 30 years observing the Gombe chimpanzees London Weidenfeld amp Nicolson Boston Houghton Mifflin Translated into more than 15 languages 1991 Penguin edition UK American Library Association Best list among Nine Notable Books Nonfiction for 1991 1991 Visions of Caliban co authored with Dale Peterson PhD Boston Houghton Mifflin New York Times Notable Book for 1993 Library Journal Best Sci Tech Book for 1993 1999 Brutal Kinship with Michael Nichols New York Aperture Foundation 1999 Reason For Hope A Spiritual Journey with Phillip Berman New York Warner Books Inc Translated into Japanese and Portuguese 2000 40 Years At Gombe New York Stewart Tabori and Chang 2000 Africa In My Blood edited by Dale Peterson New York Houghton Mifflin Company 2001 Beyond Innocence An Autobiography in Letters the later years edited by Dale Peterson New York Houghton Mifflin Company ISBN 0 618 12520 5 2002 The Ten Trusts What We Must Do To Care for the Animals We Love with Marc Bekoff San Francisco Harper San Francisco 2005 Harvest for Hope A Guide to Mindful Eating New York Warner Books Inc ISBN 0 446 53362 9 2009 Hope for Animals and Their World How Endangered Species Are Being Rescued from the Brink Grand Central Publishing ISBN 0 446 58177 1 2013 Seeds of Hope Wisdom and Wonder from the World of Plants with Gail Hudson Grand Central Publishing ISBN 1 4555 1322 9 2021 The Book of Hope with Douglas Abrams and Gail Hudson Viking 104 Children s books 1972 Grub The Bush Baby with H van Lawick Boston Houghton Mifflin 1988 My Life with the Chimpanzees New York Byron Preiss Visual Publications Inc Translated into French Japanese and Chinese Parenting s Reading Magic Award for Outstanding Book for Children 1989 1989 The Chimpanzee Family Book Saxonville MA Picture Book Studio Munich Neugebauer Press London Picture Book Studio Translated into more than 15 languages including Japanese and Swahili The UNICEF Award for the best children s book of 1989 Austrian state prize for best children s book of 1990 1989 Jane Goodall s Animal World Chimps New York Macmillan 1989 Animal Family Series Chimpanzee Family Lion Family Elephant Family Zebra Family Giraffe Family Baboon Family Hyena Family Wildebeest Family Toronto Madison Marketing Ltd 1994 With Love New York London North South Books Translated into German French Italian and Japanese 1999 Dr White illustrated by Julie Litty New York North South Books 2000 The Eagle amp the Wren illustrated by Alexander Reichstein New York North South Books 2001 Chimpanzees I Love Saving Their World and Ours New York Scholastic Press 2002 Foreword Slowly Slowly Slowly Said the Sloth by Eric Carle Philomel Books 2004 Rickie and Henri A True Story with Alan Marks Penguin Young Readers GroupFilms Goodall is the subject of more than 40 films 105 1965 Miss Goodall and the Wild Chimpanzees National Geographic Society 1973 Jane Goodall and the World of Animal Behavior The Wild Dogs of Africa with Hugo van Lawick 1975 Miss Goodall The Hyena Story The World of Animal Behavior Series 16mm 1979 version for DiscoVision not released for LaserDisc 1976 Lions of the Serengeti an episode of The World About Us on BBC2 1984 Among the Wild Chimpanzees National Geographic Special 1988 People of the Forest with Hugo van Lawick 1990 Chimpanzee Alert in the Nature Watch Series Central Television 1990 The Life and Legend of Jane Goodall National Geographic Society 1990 The Gombe Chimpanzees Bavarian Television 1995 Fifi s Boys for the Natural World series for the BBC 1996 Chimpanzee Diary for BBC2 Animal Zone 1997 Animal Minds for BBC Goodall voiced herself in the animated TV series The Wild Thornberrys 2000 Jane Goodall Reason For Hope PBS special produced by KTCA 2001 Chimps R Us on season 11 episode 8 Scientific American Frontiers Chedd Angier Production Company 2000 2001 PBS Archived from the original on 2006 2002 Jane Goodall s Wild Chimpanzees IMAX format in collaboration with Science North 2005 Jane Goodall s Return to Gombe for Animal Planet 2006 Chimps So Like Us HBO film nominated for 1990 Academy Award 2007 When Animals Talk We Should Listen theatrical documentary feature co produced by Animal Planet 2010 Jane s Journey theatrical documentary feature co produced by Animal Planet 2012 Chimpanzee theatrical nature documentary feature co produced by Disneynature 2017 Jane biographical documentary film National Geographic Studios in association with Public Road Productions The film is directed and written by Brett Morgen music by Philip Glass 2018 Zayed s Antarctic Lights Dr Jane featured in the Environment Agency Abu Dhabi film that screened on National Geographic Abu Dhabi and won a World Medal at the New York Film and TV Awards 106 107 2019 Exploring Hans Hass Dr Jane Goodall featured in the biographical documentary film about the legendary diving pioneer and filmmaker Hans Hass 108 2020 Jane Goodall The Hope biographical documentary film National Geographic Studios produced by Lucky 8 109 See alsoAnimal Faith USC Jane Goodall Research Center Nonhuman Rights Project Dian Fossey the trimate who studied gorillas until her murder Birute Galdikas the trimate who dedicated herself to orangutan study Steven M Wise Washoe List of animal rights advocates Timeline of women in scienceReferences a b c Goodall Jane 1966 Behaviour of free living chimpanzees repository cam ac uk PhD thesis OCLC 1063634333 EThOS uk bl ethos 727585 Dame Jane Goodall Woman s Hour 26 January 2010 BBC Radio 4 Retrieved 18 January 2014 a b c d e The Biography Channel 2010 Jane Goodall Biography Archived from the original on 10 August 2010 Retrieved 28 July 2010 Holloway M 1997 Profile Jane Goodall Gombe s Famous Primate Scientific American 277 4 42 44 Jane in the Forest Again National Geographic April 2003 Archived from the original on 10 December 2007 Retrieved 17 November 2014 Jane Goodall Board Member Nonhuman Rights Project Retrieved 13 November 2022 Morris Goodall Valerie J in Register of Births for Hampstead Registration District volume 1a 1934 p 748 England amp Wales Civil Registration Death Index 1916 2007 1911 England Census Goodall Jane Phillip Berman 2000 Reason for Hope A Spiritual Journey New York Warner Books p 4 ISBN 978 0 446 67613 7 a b c Early Days Jane Goodall Institute 2010 Retrieved 28 July 2010 Jane Goodall Biography and Interview www achievement org American Academy of Achievement Jane Goodall helps humans and animals live together Arusha Tanzania TED June 2007 Retrieved 28 July 2010 Morell Virginia 1995 Ancestral Passions the Leakey family and the quest for humankind s beginnings New York Simon amp Schuster p 242 ISBN 978 0 684 80192 6 Goodall Jane Peterson Dale 25 September 2002 Beyond Innocence An Autobiography in Letters The Later Years Houghton Mifflin Harcourt p 1 ISBN 978 0 618 25734 8 Retrieved 13 July 2011 Morgen B Director 2017 Jane Motion Picture United States National Geographic Studios CBC Radio Canada She Walks with Apes accessed 16 January 2022 Newnham College Honorary Fellows Jane Goodall 2019 Newnham College Cambridge Dame Jane Goodall DBE BA Newnham College 1961 Natural Sciences PhD Darwin College 1964 a b Curriculum Vitae Jane Goodall PhD DBE PDF Jane Goodall Institute Archived from the original PDF on 26 April 2012 Retrieved 28 July 2010 Dale Peterson 11 November 2014 Jane Goodall The Woman Who Redefined Man Houghton Mifflin Harcourt p 261 ISBN 978 0 547 52579 2 Study Corner Gombe Timeline Jane Goodall Institute 2010 Retrieved 28 July 2010 a b c d e f g h Jane Goodall s Wild Chimpanzees PBS 1996 Retrieved 28 July 2010 a b c d e Goodall Jane Reason for Hope A Spiritual Journey New York Warner Books 1999 Tool Use www janegoodall org Archived from the original on 8 January 2014 Retrieved 21 September 2009 a b c The Jane Goodall Institute Chimpanzee Central 2008 Tresz Hilda What chimpanzees do PDF www chimpanzoo org See Kasakela chimpanzee community for a more complete list and details Gombe National Park Chimpanzee Central Janegoodall org Flo approx 1929 1972 Chimpanzee Central Janegoodall org Fifi 1958 2004 Chimpanzee Central Janegoodall org Fallow A 2003 Frodo the Alpha Male National Geographic Society Retrieved 4 March 2009 Our History Roots amp Shoots The Jane Goodall Institute Archived from the original on 20 July 2011 Retrieved 14 July 2010 Westoll Andrew In an African sanctuary help and hope for orphaned chimps The Globe And Mail Barwacz Allison 10 July 2019 Esri Jane Goodall Institute partner to protect ecosystems JGICPS The Jane Goodall Institute Archived from the original on 10 February 2011 Retrieved 3 February 2011 Goodall papers headed to Duke Winston Salem Journal 18 March 2011 Archived from the original on 26 January 2013 Retrieved 18 March 2011 Schmidt s Naturals Jane Goodall Institute partner on deodorants Drug Store News Retrieved 27 July 2021 Wonders of Africa Dr Jane Goodall Launches Essential Oil Kit All Sourced From Africa OK Magazine 18 September 2020 Retrieved 27 July 2021 Jane Goodall Co Develops Natural Product Line With Neptune Wellness amp IFF Beauty Packaging Retrieved 27 July 2021 Bender Kristin 2 October 2009 Goodall promotes peace youth empowerment at talk in Berkeley The Oakland Tribune Archived from the original on 18 January 2012 Retrieved 10 October 2009 Coward Ros 10 October 2004 New mission for chimps champion The Guardian Retrieved 12 January 2016 chimpadmi Staff Category Advisory Council Save the Chimps Retrieved 17 October 2021 Johnson Steve 19 August 2016 Goodall Recalls 86 Chicago Lesson Chicago Tribune Section 1 p 3 Walker Tim Is Jane Goodall about to lose her post The Telegraph Archived from the original on 11 January 2022 Retrieved 3 May 2020 OneKind Scot campaigns OneKind Retrieved 3 May 2020 permanent dead link Hatkoff Amy 2009 The Inner World of Farm Animals p 13 Baur Gene Stone Gene 2015 Living the Farm Sanctuary Life The Ultimate Guide to Eating Mindfully Living Longer and Feeling Better Every Day Harmony Rodale p 10 ISBN 978 1 62336 489 2 Gwinn Alison 16 March 2021 Jane Goodall Shares Recipes and a Mission AARP Retrieved 17 June 2022 A longtime vegetarian and now vegan Goodall Hille Karl 24 January 2017 How Satellite Data Changed Chimpanzee Conservation Efforts NASA Retrieved 29 March 2020 Clayton Philip and Jim Schaal editors Jane Goodall Practicing Science Living Faith Interviews with Twelve Leading Scientists by William Phillips Columbia University Press New York 2007 pp 15 40 JSTOR 10 7312 clay13576 6 Accessed 1 April 2020 Jane Goodall PDF swanmeadschool co uk Dr Jane Goodall appeals to EU to impose ban on animal testing 28 May 2008 Associated Press Mike Wade Zoos are best hope says Jane Goodall The Times 20 May 2008 Retrieved 18 July 2008 Tim Walker Is Jane Goodall about to lose her post The Daily Telegraph 23 May 2008 Retrieved 18 July 2008 She s entitled to her opinion but our position isn t going to change We oppose the keeping of animals in captivity for entertainment Yudhijit Bhattacharjee Defending captivity Science Vol 320 no 5881 p 1269 6 June 2008 Retrieved 18 July 2008 Population Matters Patrons www populationmatters org Archived from the original on 25 June 2014 Bears Production Notes PDF The Walt Disney Company The Walt Disney Studios p 20 Archived from the original PDF on 11 July 2017 Retrieved 6 June 2014 Petition PDF Humane Society Archived from the original PDF on 24 September 2021 Retrieved 8 April 2020 St Fleur Nicholas 12 June 2015 U S Will Call All Chimps Endangered The New York Times Voiceless the animal protection institute Archived from the original on 1 December 2017 Retrieved 4 December 2013 Internationales Kooperationsprojekt Engage in Conservation Archived from the original on 12 March 2014 Retrieved 12 March 2014 Conservation Challenge Archived from the original on 15 August 2013 Retrieved 12 March 2014 Meikle James 20 May 2014 Jane Goodall and Peter Gabriel urge Air France to stop ferrying lab monkeys The Guardian Retrieved 28 January 2015 King Barbara 11 September 2014 Still Now Should Lab Monkeys Be Deprived Of Their Mothers NPR Retrieved 28 January 2015 Elgot Jessica 24 April 2015 Celebrities sign statement of support for Caroline Lucas but not the Greens The Guardian London Retrieved 22 July 2015 SNP to vote against Tories on fox hunting ban in England and Wales STV 13 July 2015 Archived from the original on 15 July 2015 Retrieved 17 July 2015 10 bronze sculptures of powerful women are on view outside a Midtown office building 6sqft Retrieved 6 March 2020 To save the planet s trees we should treat them like people World Economic Forum Retrieved 26 March 2020 Legendary Jane Goodall amp 140 scientists call on EU to end cages in farming from 23 February 2021 in Ciwf eu Simone Morgan 10 December 2019 Interesting facts about Jane Goodall Geeky Camel Archived from the original on 19 July 2020 Retrieved 18 July 2020 a b Montgomery Sy 1991 Walking With the Great Apes Boston MA Houghton Mifflin pp 125 126 ISBN 978 0 395 51597 6 Bielski Zosia 7 April 2011 Jane Goodall My favourite animal is a dog s The Globe and Mail Retrieved 26 March 2020 Photos The faces of those who don t recognize faces CNN 23 May 2013 Goodall Jane 1999 Reason For Hope A Spiritual Journey Grand Central Publishing ISBN 0 446 93042 3 Goodall Jane 15 April 2019 Dr Goodall s thoughts on the fire of Notre Dame Jane Goodall Institute Retrieved 29 April 2021 Jane Goodall s Questions amp Answers Reader s Digest p 128 September 2010 Moss Stephen 13 January 2010 Jane Goodall My job is to give people hope The Guardian Retrieved 30 April 2021 Laszlo Ervin 2017 The Intelligence of the Cosmos Foreword Simon and Schuster p 3 ISBN 978 1 62055 732 7 Blum Deborah 26 November 2006 The Primatologist The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on 29 October 2018 Retrieved 16 October 2020 Jane Goodall National Geographic Society 13 November 2017 Archived from the original on 19 August 2020 Retrieved 16 October 2020 Goodall Jane 1993 Cavalieri Paola ed The Great Ape Project Equality Beyond Humanity London Fourth Estate p 10 ISBN 978 1 85702 126 4 Power Margaret 1991 The Egalitarians Human and Chimpanzee An Anthropological View of Social Organization Cambridge University Press ISBN 0 521 40016 3 page needed De Waal Frans B M 2005 A century of getting to know the chimpanzee Nature 437 7055 56 59 Bibcode 2005Natur 437 56D doi 10 1038 nature03999 PMID 16136128 S2CID 4363065 skeptics attributed chimpanzee warfare to competition over the food that researchers provided Stanford Craig Winter 1993 The Egalitarians Human and Chimpanzee International Journal of Primatology Washington University Record Vol 28 No 28 April 2004 JIM MOORE Anthropology Department University of California San Diego The Egalitarians Human and Chimpanzee book review Am J Phys Anthropol 88 259 262 American Journal of Primatology 58 175 180 2002 Noboyuki Kutsukake and Takahisa Matsusaka Italie Hillel Associated Press Jane Goodall apologizes for plagiarizing in new book Christian Science Monitor 23 March 2013 Accessed 24 June 2013 Swaine Jon Dame Jane Goodall admits parts of book were lifted from online The Telegraph 20 March 2013 Accessed 4 May 2016 Flood Alison Jane Goodall book held back after accusations of plagiarism The Guardian 25 March 2013 Accessed 24 June 2013 Levingston Steven 2 April 2014 Jane Goodall s Seeds of Hope reissued a year after being pulled from shelves The Washington Post Retrieved 21 April 2018 a b Chris Sims 14 August 2015 The Strange Legacy of Gary Larson s The Far Side ComicsAlliance Retrieved 20 August 2016 a b Larson Gary The Prehistory of the Far Side a 10th anniversary exhibit Kansas City MO Andrew and McNeel 1989 ISBN 0 8362 1851 5 Larson Gary The Far Side Gallery 5 Kansas City MO Andrew and McNeel 1995 ISBN 0 8362 0425 5 LEGO 40530 Jane Goodall Tribute GWP revealed for International Women s Day 2022 Jay s Brick Blog 26 February 2022 Retrieved 26 February 2022 Dame Jane Goodall Receives Appointment in Buckingham Palace Ceremony Jane Goodall Institute 20 February 2004 Retrieved 7 November 2011 Disney s Commitment to Conservation PDF Disney 2005 Archived from the original PDF on 27 March 2009 Retrieved 1 September 2010 Valerie Jane Goodall American Academy of Arts amp Sciences Retrieved 28 April 2022 APS Member History search amphilsoc org Retrieved 28 April 2022 Dave Matthews amp Tim Reynolds Benefit Concert The Jane Goodall Institute Retrieved 20 July 2010 DiCaprio Leonardo 17 April 2019 Jane Goodall Time Retrieved 18 April 2019 Sherwood Harriet 20 May 2021 Naturalist Jane Goodall wins 2021 Templeton prize for life s work The Guardian STARMUS VI World s foremost expert on chimpanzees awarded with Stephen Hawking Medal 5 September 2022 Armenpress The New Statesman 15 21 October 2021 p 40 review by Philippa Nuttall I M 19 October 2017 Not just another film about Jane Goodall The Economist Zayed s Antarctic Lights National Geographic Videos TV Shows amp Photos Middle East English Retrieved 19 June 2020 Winners Gallery New York Festivals tvfilm newyorkfestivals com Retrieved 19 June 2020 Exploring Hans Hass Documentary Film AT 2019 Farbe SW 100 min 20 03 dOF 23 03 OmeU Diagonale 2019 New Doc Special The Hope Tells Story Of Jane s Living Legacy 25 July 2019 External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jane Goodall Wikiquote has quotations related to Jane Goodall The Jane Goodall Institute official website Jane Goodall on Charlie Rose Appearances on C SPAN Jane Goodall collected news and commentary at The Guardian Jane Goodall at IMDb Jane Goodall collected news and commentary at The New York Times Jane Goodall at TED Jane Goodall at Discover Magazine Jane Goodall interviewed by Alyssa McDonald in July 2010 for the New Statesman Jane Goodall Overpopulation in the Developing World at Fora TV Lecture transcript and video of Goodall s speech at the Joan B Kroc Institute for Peace amp Justice at the University of San Diego April 2008 Jane Goodall extended film interview with transcripts for the Why Are We Here documentary series A Conversation with Jane Goodall audio interview On Being radio interview with Krista Tippett broadcast August 2020 Portals Primates Biology Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Jane Goodall amp oldid 1152718436, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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