Draco – first legislator of Athens in Ancient Greece. He replaced the prevailing system of oral law and blood feud by a written code to be enforced only by a court. Draco's written law became known for its harshness, with the adjective "draconian" referring to similarly unforgiving rules or laws.
Draconian constitution – first written constitution of Athens. So that no one would be unaware of them, they were posted on wooden tablets (ἄξονες – axones), where they were preserved for almost two centuries, on steles of the shape of three-sided pyramids (κύρβεις – kyrbeis).
Solon – Athenian statesman and lawmaker, remembered for the Solonian Constitution.
Solonian Constitution – a code of laws embracing the whole of public and private life. It sought to revise or abolish the older laws of Draco.
Seisachtheia – a set of laws instituted by the Athenian lawmaker Solon in order to rectify the widespread serfdom and slavery that had run rampant in Athens by the 6th century BC, by debt relief.
Dreros inscription – the earliest surviving inscribed law from ancient Greece.
Greco-Persian Wars – series of conflicts between the Achaemenid Empire of Persia and city-states of the Hellenic world that started in 499 BC and lasted until 449 BC.
Athenian democracy – democracy in the Greek city-state of Athens developed around the fifth century BC, making Athens one of the first known democracies in the world, comprising the city of Athens and the surrounding territory of Attica. It was a system of direct democracy, in which eligible citizens voted directly on legislation and executive bills.
Solon (c. 638 – c. 558 BC)– Athenian statesman, lawmaker, and poet. Legislated against political, economic, and moral decline in archaic Athens. His reforms failed in the short term, yet he is often credited with having laid the foundations for Athenian democracy.[1][2][3][4]
Cleisthenes (born around 570 BC). – father of Athenian democracy. He reformed the constitution of ancient Athens and set it on a democratic footing in 508/7 BC.
Ephialtes (died 461 BC) – led the democratic revolution against the Athenian aristocracy, which exerted control through the Areopagus, the most powerful body in the state.[5] Ephialtes proposed a reduction of the Areopagus' powers, and the Ecclesia (the Athenian Assembly) adopted Ephialtes' proposal without opposition. This reform signaled the beginning of a new era of "radical democracy" for which Athens would become famous.
Pericles – arguably the most prominent and influential Greek statesman. When Ephialtes was assassinated for overthrowing the elitist Council of the Aeropagus, his deputy Pericles stepped in. He was elected strategos (one of ten such posts) in 445 BCE, which he held continuously until his death in 429 BCE, always by election of the Athenian Assembly. The period during which he led Athens, roughly from 461 to 429 BC, is known as the "Age of Pericles".
Ostracism – procedure under the Athenian democracy in which any citizen could be expelled from the city-state of Athens for ten years.
Areopagus – council of elders of Athens, similar to the Roman Senate. Like the Senate, its membership was restricted to those who had held high public office, in this case that of Archon.[6] In 594 BC, the Areopagus agreed to hand over its functions to Solon for reform.
Ecclesia – principal assembly of the democracy of ancient Athens during its "Golden Age" (480–404 BCE). It was the popular assembly, open to all male citizens with 2 years of military service. In 594 BC, Solon allowed all Athenian citizens to participate, regardless of class, even the thetes (manual laborers).
Statues at the "House of Cleopatra" in Delos, Greece. Man and woman wearing the himationKylix, the most common drinking vessel in ancient GreeceThe Parthenon, shows the common structural features of Ancient Greek architecture: crepidoma, columns, entablature, and pedimentAncient Greek theatre in DelosOdeon of Herodes AtticusPortrait of Demosthenes, statesman and orator of ancient Athens
Croatian Apoxyomenos (detail), bronze statue from the 2nd or 1st century BCTwo youths feasting in a vineyard. Attic black-figure kylix, ca. 530 BCTondo of a red-figure kylix depicting Herakles and Athena, by Phoinix (potter) and Douris (painter), ca. 480–470 BCBust of Homer, author of the Iliad and the Odyssey, two epic poems which are the central works of ancient Greek literature
Zeus, king of the Olympian godsThe Muses Clio, Euterpe, and Thalia, the inspirational goddesses of literature, science, and the arts in Greek mythology (by Eustache Le Sueur, oil on panel, c. 1650s)A votive plaque known as the Ninnion Tablet depicting elements of the Eleusinian Mysteries, discovered in the sanctuary at Eleusis (mid-4th century BC)
^E. Harris, A New Solution to the Riddle of the Seisachtheia, in 'The Development of the Polis in Archaic Greece', eds. L. Mitchell and P. Rhodes (Routledge 1997) 103
The Ancient Theatre Archive, Greek and Roman theatre architecture
Illustrated Greek History—Dr. Janice Siegel, Department of Classics, Hampden-Sydney College, Virginia
February 15, 2024
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The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to ancient Greece The Acropolis of AthensAncient Greece Contents 1 Geography of Ancient Greece 1 1 Regions of Ancient Greece 2 Government and politics of ancient Greece 2 1 Ancient Greek law 2 2 Military history of ancient Greece 2 2 1 Military of ancient Greece 2 2 2 Military powers and alliances 2 2 3 Military conflicts 3 General history of ancient Greece 3 1 Ancient Greek history by period 3 2 Ancient Greek history by region 3 3 Ancient Greek History by subject 3 4 Ancient Greek historiography 3 5 Works on ancient Greek history 4 Culture of ancient Greece 4 1 Architecture of ancient Greece 4 2 Art in ancient Greece 4 2 1 Literature in ancient Greece 4 2 2 Philosophy in ancient Greece 4 3 Language in ancient Greece 4 4 Religion in ancient Greece 4 5 Sport in ancient Greece 5 Economy of ancient Greece 6 Health in ancient Greece 7 Science of ancient Greece 8 Technology of ancient Greece 9 See also 10 References 11 External linksGeography of Ancient Greece editTowns of ancient Greece List of ancient Greek citiesRegions of Ancient Greece edit Regions of ancient Greece Peloponnese Achaea Patras Dyme Arcadia Mantineia Megalopolis Tegea Argolis Argos Mycenae Tiryns Epidaurus Nafplio Nemea Corinthia Corinth Sicyon Elis Elis city Olympia Figaleia Laconia Sparta Gytheio Messenia Messene Ithome Pylos Central Greece Aeniania Attica Athens Eleusis Laurion Marathon Boeotia Thebes Orchomenus Chaeronea Doris Euboea Chalcis Eretria Locris Amfissa Megaris Megara Oetaea Phocis Delphi Elatea Acarnania Stratos Aetolia Thermos Aperantia Dolopia Thessaly Pherae Larissa Autonomous Subregion Magnesia Subregions within Thessaly Achaea Phthiotis Histiaeotis Pelasgiotis Perrhaebia Epirus Cities in ancient Epirus Chaonia Cestrine Chimaera Buthrotum Panormos Onchesmos Antigonia Palaeste Phoenice Molossis Dodona Thesprotia Ambracia Cassope Parauaea Tymphaea Macedon Pelagonia Aegean Sea Crete Cyprus Ionian Sea Hellespont Sea of Marmara Bosphorus Asia Minor Ionia Smyrna Aeolis Cyme Doris Halicarnassus Pontus Magna Grecia Greek coloniesGovernment and politics of ancient Greece editGreek democracy Athenian democracy PolisAncient Greek law edit Ancient Greek law Ancient Greek lawmakers Draco first legislator of Athens in Ancient Greece He replaced the prevailing system of oral law and blood feud by a written code to be enforced only by a court Draco s written law became known for its harshness with the adjective draconian referring to similarly unforgiving rules or laws Draconian constitution first written constitution of Athens So that no one would be unaware of them they were posted on wooden tablets ἄ3ones axones where they were preserved for almost two centuries on steles of the shape of three sided pyramids kyrbeis kyrbeis Solon Athenian statesman and lawmaker remembered for the Solonian Constitution Solonian Constitution a code of laws embracing the whole of public and private life It sought to revise or abolish the older laws of Draco Seisachtheia a set of laws instituted by the Athenian lawmaker Solon in order to rectify the widespread serfdom and slavery that had run rampant in Athens by the 6th century BC by debt relief Dreros inscription the earliest surviving inscribed law from ancient Greece Heliaia the supreme court of ancient Athens Great Rhetra the constitution of SpartaMilitary history of ancient Greece edit nbsp Greek hoplite and Persian warrior fighting depicted on an ancient kylix 5th century BCMilitary history of ancient Greece Military of ancient Greece edit Ancient Greek warfare Ancient Greek mercenaries Ancient Greek military personal equipment Athenian military Hoplite Hoplite phalanx Military tactics in Ancient Greece Homosexuality in the militaries of ancient Greece Military of Mycenaean GreeceMilitary powers and alliances edit Ionian League started mid 7th century BC 1st Achaean League formed in 5th century BC Delian League 478 404 BCE Spartan hegemony 431 371 BCE Theban hegemony 371 362 BCE League of Corinth 338 322 BCE Peloponnesian League 6th to 4th century BC Arcadian League 370 to 3rd century BCE 2nd Achaean League 280 146 BCE Aetolian League 4th to 3rd century BCE Military conflicts edit nbsp Achilles tending Patroclus wounded by an arrow Attic red figure kylix c 500 BC Trojan War Returns from Troy Trojan War characters Lelantine War Messenian Wars First Messenian War Second Messenian War Third Messenian War First Sacred War Greco Persian Wars series of conflicts between the Achaemenid Empire of Persia and city states of the Hellenic world that started in 499 BC and lasted until 449 BC Battle of Ephesus 498 BC Battle of Lade Battle of Marathon Battle of Thermopylae Battle of Salamis Battle of Plataea Battle of Mycale Battle of the Eurymedon First Peloponnesian War Battle of Oenophyta Battle of Coronea 447 BC Battle of Tanagra 457 BC Sicilian Wars Battle of Himera 480 BC Battle of Himera 409 BC Peloponnesian War Battle of Arginusae Battle of Delium Battle of Rhium Battle of Sybota Battle of Potidaea Battle of Naupactus Battle of Notium Battle of Syme Battle of Cynossema Battle of Pylos Battle of Sphacteria Battle of Amphipolis Battle of Mantinea 418 BC Battle of Olpae Sicilian Expedition Battle of Syme Battle of Cyzicus Battle of Aegospotami Corinthian War Battle of Coronea 394 BC Battle of Naxos Battle of Leuctra Battle of Cynoscephalae Battle of Mantinea 362 BC March of the 10 000 Battle of Cunaxa Battle of Crocus Field Boeotian War Foreign War nbsp Alexander Mosaic showing the Battle of Issus from the House of the Faun PompeiiWars of Alexander the Great Battle of Chaeronea Battle of the Granicus Battle of Issus Siege of Tyre 332 BC Battle of Gaugamela Battle of the Hydaspes River Lamian War Battle of Crannon Wars of the Diadochi Battle of Corupedium Battle of Crannon Battle of Gabiene Battle of Gaza 312 BC Battle of Ipsus Battle of Paraitacene Battle of Raphia Battle of Salamis 306 BC Chremonidean War Battle of Sellasia Battle of Cynoscephalae Battle of Asculum Cretan War Macedonian Wars First Macedonian War Second Macedonian War Third Macedonian War Battle of Pydna Fourth Macedonian War Battle of Pydna 148 BC Achaean War Battle of Corinth 146 BC General history of ancient Greece edit nbsp Death mask known as the Mask of Agamemnon 16th century BC probably the most famous artifact of Mycenaean GreeceTimeline of ancient GreeceAncient Greek history by period edit Prehistoric Greek history Neolithic Greece Aegean Bronze Age Helladic chronology Eutresis culture Korakou culture Mycenaean Greece Late Bronze Age collapse Dorian invasion Greek Dark Ages Iron Age Greek migrations History of ancient Greece timeline Archaic Greece Greek colonisation Rise of the polis Greco Persian Wars Siege of Naxos 499 BC Ionian Revolt Battle of Ephesus 498 BC First Persian invasion of Greece Second Persian invasion of Greece Pentecontaetia Classical Greece Hellenistic Greece Roman GreeceAncient Greek history by region edit nbsp Bust of Pericles marble Roman copy after a Greek original from c 430 BCAncient Athens Athenian democracy democracy in the Greek city state of Athens developed around the fifth century BC making Athens one of the first known democracies in the world comprising the city of Athens and the surrounding territory of Attica It was a system of direct democracy in which eligible citizens voted directly on legislation and executive bills Solon c 638 c 558 BC Athenian statesman lawmaker and poet Legislated against political economic and moral decline in archaic Athens His reforms failed in the short term yet he is often credited with having laid the foundations for Athenian democracy 1 2 3 4 Cleisthenes born around 570 BC father of Athenian democracy He reformed the constitution of ancient Athens and set it on a democratic footing in 508 7 BC Ephialtes died 461 BC led the democratic revolution against the Athenian aristocracy which exerted control through the Areopagus the most powerful body in the state 5 Ephialtes proposed a reduction of the Areopagus powers and the Ecclesia the Athenian Assembly adopted Ephialtes proposal without opposition This reform signaled the beginning of a new era of radical democracy for which Athens would become famous Pericles arguably the most prominent and influential Greek statesman When Ephialtes was assassinated for overthrowing the elitist Council of the Aeropagus his deputy Pericles stepped in He was elected strategos one of ten such posts in 445 BCE which he held continuously until his death in 429 BCE always by election of the Athenian Assembly The period during which he led Athens roughly from 461 to 429 BC is known as the Age of Pericles Ostracism procedure under the Athenian democracy in which any citizen could be expelled from the city state of Athens for ten years Areopagus council of elders of Athens similar to the Roman Senate Like the Senate its membership was restricted to those who had held high public office in this case that of Archon 6 In 594 BC the Areopagus agreed to hand over its functions to Solon for reform Ecclesia principal assembly of the democracy of ancient Athens during its Golden Age 480 404 BCE It was the popular assembly open to all male citizens with 2 years of military service In 594 BC Solon allowed all Athenian citizens to participate regardless of class even the thetes manual laborers History of Sparta History of Macedonia ancient kingdom History of Crete Iron Age and Archaic Crete Asia Minor Greek West History of Greek and Hellenistic Sicily Greeks in pre Roman Gaul History of Marseille Antiquity Cyrenaica Greek rule Bosporan Kingdom Ptolemaic Kingdom Cyrenaica Resumption of Greek rule Coele Syria Seleucid Empire Tylos Greco Bactrian Kingdom Indo Greek KingdomAncient Greek History by subject edit History of the Greek alphabet Names of the GreeksAncient Greek historiography edit Works on ancient Greek history edit History of the Peloponnesian WarCulture of ancient Greece edit nbsp Statues at the House of Cleopatra in Delos Greece Man and woman wearing the himation nbsp Kylix the most common drinking vessel in ancient Greece nbsp The Parthenon shows the common structural features of Ancient Greek architecture crepidoma columns entablature and pediment nbsp Ancient Greek theatre in Delos nbsp Odeon of Herodes Atticus nbsp Portrait of Demosthenes statesman and orator of ancient AthensCulture of ancient Greece Ancient Greek calendars Attic calendar Clothing in ancient Greece Chiton Chlamys Exomis Himation Kolpos Peplos Tainia Zone Zoster Clubs in ancient Greece Coinage of ancient Greece Cuisine of ancient Greece Kykeon Wine in ancient Greece Symposium Kottabos Syssitia Education in ancient Greece Paideia Fiction set in ancient Greece Greek gardens Marriage in ancient Greece People in ancient Greece Ancient Greeks Seven Sages of Greece Cleobulus of Lindos Solon of Athens Chilon of Sparta Bias of Priene Thales of Miletus Pittacus of Mytilene c 640 568 BC Periander of Corinth fl 627 BC Ancient Greek tribes Ancient Greek personal names Sexuality in ancient Greece Adultery in Classical Athens Homosexuality in ancient Greece Homosexuality in the militaries of ancient Greece Pederasty in ancient Greece Athenian pederasty Prostitution in ancient Greece Slavery in ancient Greece Women in Classical AthensArchitecture of ancient Greece edit Architecture of ancient Greece Acropolis Acropolis of Athens Agora Ancient Agora of Athens Ancient Greek baths Greek baths of Gela Greek Baths in ancient Olympia Delphinion Metroon Odeon Odeon of Athens Odeon of Herodes Atticus Propylaea Ancient Greek roofs Stoa Ancient Greek stoae Stoa of Attalos Ancient Greek temple Ancient Greek temples Parthenon Temple of Artemis Temple of Zeus Temple of Hephaestus Samothrace temple complex Ancient Greek wallsArt in ancient Greece edit nbsp Croatian Apoxyomenos detail bronze statue from the 2nd or 1st century BC nbsp Two youths feasting in a vineyard Attic black figure kylix ca 530 BC nbsp Tondo of a red figure kylix depicting Herakles and Athena by Phoinix potter and Douris painter ca 480 470 BC nbsp Bust of Homer author of the Iliad and the Odyssey two epic poems which are the central works of ancient Greek literatureArt in ancient Greece Death in ancient Greek art Music of ancient Greece Musical system of ancient Greece Ancient Greek Musical Notation Seikilos epitaph Painting in ancient Greece Pottery of ancient Greece Ancient Greek vase painting Bilingual vase painting Black figure pottery Red figure pottery White ground technique Greek terracotta figurines Tanagra figurine Hellenistic glass Sculpture in ancient Greece Severe style Hellenistic art Sport in ancient Greek art Theatre of ancient Greece Chorus of the elderly in classical Greek drama Greek comedy Old Comedy Greek tragedy Greek chorus Satyr play List of ancient Greek playwrights List of ancient Greek theatres Phlyax play Representation of women in Athenian tragedy Use of costume in Athenian tragedy Warfare in ancient Greek artLiterature in ancient Greece edit Literature in ancient Greece Greek lyric Greek novel Writers Aeschylus Aesop Aristophanes Euripides Herodotus Hesiod Homer Lucian Menander Pindar Plutarch Polybius Sappho Sophocles Theognis of Megara Thucydides XenophonPhilosophy in ancient Greece edit nbsp The School of Athens a famous fresco by the Italian Renaissance artist Raphael with Plato and Aristotle as the central figures in the scenePhilosophy in ancient GreeceAncient Greek schools of philosophy Pre Socratic Atomism Eleatics Ephesian school Ionian School Milesian school Pluralist school Pythagoreanism nbsp Platonism Plato s Academy mosaic from the Villa of T Siminius Stephanus in PompeiiClassical Greek Aristotelianism Cynicism Cyrenaics Eretrian school Megarian school Peripatetic school Platonism Hellenistic Academic skepticism Epicureanism Middle Platonism Neoplatonism Neopythagoreanism Pyrrhonism Stoicism nbsp Roman copy in marble of a Greek bronze bust of Aristotle by Lysippus c 330 BCPhilosophers of ancient Greece Anaxagoras Anaximander Anaximenes Antisthenes Aristotle Democritus Diogenes Empedocles Epicurus Heraclitus Leucippus Gorgias Parmenides Plato Protagoras Pythagoras Socrates Thales ZenoLanguage in ancient Greece edit nbsp Early Greek alphabet on potteryAncient Greek Ancient Greek by period Mycenaean Greek language Homeric Greek Old Greek Koine Greek Late Greek Ancient Greek dialects Aeolic Greek Arcadocypriot Greek Attic Greek Doric Greek Ionic Greek Locrian Greek Ancient Macedonian language Ancient Greek grammar Ancient Greek phonology Greek alphabet Archaic Greek alphabets Greek letters used in mathematics science and engineering Greek diacritics Greek inscriptions Greek Numbers Greek numerals Greek orthography Greek phrases Greek verbs Greek words for love ErosReligion in ancient Greece edit nbsp Zeus king of the Olympian gods nbsp The Muses Clio Euterpe and Thalia the inspirational goddesses of literature science and the arts in Greek mythology by Eustache Le Sueur oil on panel c 1650s nbsp A votive plaque known as the Ninnion Tablet depicting elements of the Eleusinian Mysteries discovered in the sanctuary at Eleusis mid 4th century BC Religion in ancient Greece Twelve Olympians Greek mythology Modern understanding of Greek mythology Greek mythological figures Family tree of the Greek gods Greek primordial deities Greek mythological creatures Dragons in Greek mythology Greek mythology in popular culture Greek mythology in western art and literature Greek underworld Upper World Religious practices Amphidromia Ceremonies of ancient Greece Greek divination Animal sacrifice Buphonia Holocaust sacrifice Hecatomb Ancient Greek funeral and burial practices Ancient Greek funerary vases Funeral oration Greek hero cult Hieros gamos in ancient Greece Festivals Athenian festivals Anthesteria Kronia Lenaia Daphnephoria Dionysia Dionysian Mysteries Eleusinian Mysteries Pamboeotia Panathenaic Games Panhellenic Games Ancient Olympic Games Thesmophoria Ancient Greek religious titles priests Archon basileus Asclepiad title Hierophylakes Iatromantis Hellenistic religion Decline of Greco Roman polytheismSport in ancient Greece edit See also History of sport Ancient Greece nbsp Boxer at Rest finest example of bronze Hellenistic sculptureAncient Greek Olympic festivals Panhellenic Games Olympic Games of ancient Greece Ancient Olympic pentathlon Pankration Isthmian Games Nemean Games Pythian GamesSports Boxing Episkyros Kottabos Running WrestlingEquipment HalteresStadiums KourionTraining facilities Gymnasium PalaestraEconomy of ancient Greece edit nbsp Ancient Greek potteryEconomy of ancient Greece Agriculture in ancient Greece Pottery of ancient GreeceHealth in ancient Greece editMedicine in ancient Greece Food and diet in ancient medicine Mental illness in ancient GreeceScience of ancient Greece editAncient Greek science Greek astronomy Antikythera mechanism Greek mathematics List of Greek mathematicians Chronology of ancient Greek mathematicians Timeline of Ancient Greek mathematiciansTechnology of ancient Greece editAncient Greek technology Units of measurement in ancient GreeceSee also edit nbsp Ancient Greece portalOutline of classical studies Outline of ancient Rome Outline of ancient Egypt Index of ancient Greece related articlesReferences edit Stanton G R Athenian Politics c800 500BC A Sourcebook Routledge London 1990 p 76 Andrews A Greek Society Penguin 1967 197 E Harris A New Solution to the Riddle of the Seisachtheia in The Development of the Polis in Archaic Greece eds L Mitchell and P Rhodes Routledge 1997 103 Aristotle Politics 1273b 35 1274a 21 Fornara Samons Athens from Cleisthenes to Pericles 24 25 Aristotle Constitution of the Athenians 3 External links editancient Greece at Wikipedia s sister projects nbsp Definitions from Wiktionary nbsp Media from Commons nbsp News from Wikinews nbsp Quotations from Wikiquote nbsp Texts from Wikisource nbsp Textbooks from Wikibooks nbsp Resources from Wikiversity The Canadian Museum of Civilization Greece Secrets of the Past Ancient Greece website from the British Museum Economic history of ancient Greece The Greek currency history Limenoscope an ancient Greek ports database The Ancient Theatre Archive Greek and Roman theatre architecture Illustrated Greek History Dr Janice Siegel Department of Classics Hampden Sydney College Virginia Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Outline of ancient Greece amp oldid 1205552921, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
