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London School of Economics

February 15, 2023

The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) is a public research university located in London, England and a constituent college of the federal University of London. Founded in 1895 by Fabian Society members Sidney Webb, Beatrice Webb, Graham Wallas, and George Bernard Shaw, LSE joined the University of London in 1900 and established its first degree courses under the auspices of the university in 1901.[8] LSE began awarding its degrees in its own name in 2008,[9] prior to which it awarded degrees of the University of London. It became a university in its own right within the University of London in 2022.[10]

London School of Economics and Political Science
MottoLatin: Rerum cognoscere causas
Motto in English
To understand the causes of things
TypePublic research university
Established1895 (1895)
Endowment£229.4 million (2022)[1]
Budget£436.9 million (2021–22)[1]
ChairSusan Liautaud[2]
ChancellorThe Princess Royal
(as Chancellor of the University of London)
VisitorPenny Mordaunt
(as Lord President of the Council ex officio)
Academic staff
1,780 (2020)[3]
Administrative staff
2,515 (2018/19)[4]
Students12,050 (2019/20)[5]
Undergraduates5,160 (2019/20)[5]
Postgraduates6,895 (2019/20)[5]
Location
London
,
United Kingdom

51°30′50″N 0°07′00″W / 51.51389°N 0.11667°W / 51.51389; -0.11667Coordinates: 51°30′50″N 0°07′00″W / 51.51389°N 0.11667°W / 51.51389; -0.11667
CampusUrban
President and Vice-Chancellor[a]The Baroness Shafik
NewspaperThe Beaver
ColoursPurple, black and gold[6]
                     
Affiliations
MascotBeaver
Websitelse.ac.uk

LSE is located in the London Borough of Camden and Westminster, Central London, near the boundary between Covent Garden and Holborn. The area is historically known as Clare Market. LSE has more than 11,000 students, just under seventy percent of whom come from outside the UK, and 3,300 staff.[11] It had an income of £436.9 million in 2021/22, of which £35.5 million was from research grants.[1] The university has the fifth-largest endowment of any university in the UK. One hundred and fifty-five nationalities are represented amongst the LSE's student body and the school had the second highest percentage of international students (70%) of the 800 institutions in the 2015–16 Times Higher Education World University Ranking.[12] Despite its name, the school is organised into 25 academic departments and institutes which conduct teaching and research across a range of pure and applied social sciences.[11]

LSE is a member of the Russell Group, Association of Commonwealth Universities and the European University Association, and is typically considered part of the "golden triangle" of research universities in the south east of England. The LSE also forms part of CIVICA – The European University of Social Sciences, a network of eight European universities focused on research in the social sciences.[13] In the 2021 Research Excellence Framework, the school had the third highest grade point average (joint with Cambridge).[14]

LSE alumni and faculty include 55 past or present heads of state or government and 18 Nobel laureates. As of 2017, 27% (or 13 out of 49) of all Nobel Memorial Prizes in Economics have been awarded or jointly awarded to LSE alumni, current staff, or former staff, who consequently comprise 16% (13 out of 79) of all Nobel Memorial Prize laureates. LSE alumni and faculty have also won 3 Nobel Peace Prizes and 2 Nobel Prizes in Literature.[15][16] Out of all European universities, LSE has educated the most billionaires (11) according to a 2014 global census of US dollar billionaires.[17]

History

Main article: History of the London School of Economics

Origins

The London School of Economics was founded in 1895[18] by Beatrice and Sidney Webb,[19] initially funded by a bequest of £20,000[20][21] from the estate of Henry Hunt Hutchinson. Hutchinson, a lawyer[20] and member of the Fabian Society,[22][23] left the money in trust, to be put "towards advancing its [The Fabian Society's] objects in any way they [the trustees] deem advisable".[23] The five trustees were Sidney Webb, Edward Pease, Constance Hutchinson, W. S. de Mattos and William Clark.[20]

LSE records that the proposal to establish the school was conceived during a breakfast meeting on 4 August 1894, between the Webbs, Louis Flood and George Bernard Shaw.[18] The proposal was accepted by the trustees in February 1895[23] and LSE held its first classes in October of that year, in rooms at 9 John Street, Adelphi,[24] in the City of Westminster.

20th century

The school joined the federal University of London in 1900, and was recognised as a Faculty of Economics of the university. The University of London degrees of BSc (Econ) and DSc (Econ) were established in 1901, the first university degrees dedicated to the social sciences.[24] Expanding rapidly over the following years, the school moved initially to the nearby 10 Adelphi Terrace, then to Clare Market and Houghton Street. The foundation stone of the Old Building, on Houghton Street, was laid by King George V in 1920;[18] the building was opened in 1922.[24]

 
Friedrich Hayek, who taught at LSE during the 1930s and 1940s

The 1930s economic debate between LSE and the University of Cambridge is well known in academic circles. Rivalry between academic opinion at LSE and Cambridge goes back to the school's roots when LSE's Edwin Cannan (1861–1935), Professor of Economics, and Cambridge's Professor of Political Economy, Alfred Marshall (1842–1924), the leading economist of the day, argued about the bedrock matter of economics and whether the subject should be considered as an organic whole. (Marshall disapproved of LSE's separate listing of pure theory and its insistence on economic history.)[25]

The dispute also concerned the question of the economist's role, and whether this should be as a detached expert or a practical adviser.[26] Despite the traditional view that the LSE and Cambridge were fierce rivals through the 1920s and 30s, they worked together in the 1920s on the London and Cambridge Economic Service.[27] However, the 1930s brought a return to disputes as economists at the two universities argued over how best to address the economic problems caused by the Great Depression.[28]

The main figures in this debate were John Maynard Keynes from Cambridge and the LSE's Friedrich Hayek. The LSE economist Lionel Robbins was also heavily involved. Starting off as a disagreement over whether demand management or deflation was the better solution to the economic problems of the time, it eventually embraced much wider concepts of economics and macroeconomics. Keynes put forward the theories now known as Keynesian economics, involving the active participation of the state and public sector, while Hayek and Robbins followed the Austrian School, which emphasised free trade and opposed state involvement.[28]

During World War II, the school decamped from London to the University of Cambridge, occupying buildings belonging to Peterhouse.[29]

The school's arms,[30] including its motto and beaver mascot, were adopted in February 1922,[31] on the recommendation of a committee of twelve, including eight students, which was established to research the matter.[32] The Latin motto, rerum cognoscere causas, is taken from Virgil's Georgics. Its English translation is "to Know the Causes of Things"[31] and it was suggested by Professor Edwin Cannan.[18] The beaver mascot was selected for its associations with "foresight, constructiveness and industrious behaviour".[32]

21st century

 
Stonework featuring the initials of LSE

LSE continues to have a wide impact within British society, through its relationships and influence in politics, business and law. The Guardian described such influence in 2005 when it stated:

Once again the political clout of the school, which seems to be closely wired into parliament, Whitehall and the Bank of England, is being felt by ministers.... The strength of LSE is that it is close to the political process: Mervyn King, was a former LSE professor. The former chairman of the House of Commons education committee, Barry Sheerman, sits on its board of governors, along with Labour peer Lord (Frank) Judd. Also on the board are Tory MPs Virginia Bottomley and Richard Shepherd, as well as Lord Saatchi and Lady Howe.[33]

Commenting in 2001 on the rising status of the LSE, the British magazine The Economist stated that "two decades ago the LSE was still the poor relation of the University of London's other colleges. Now... it regularly follows Oxford and Cambridge in league tables of research output and teaching quality and is at least as well-known abroad as Oxbridge". According to the magazine, the school "owes its success to the single-minded, American-style exploitation of its brand name and political connections by the recent directors, particularly Mr Giddens and his predecessor, John Ashworth" and raises money from foreign students' high fees, which are attracted by academic stars such as Richard Sennett.[34]

As of 2006, the school was active in opposing British government proposals to introduce compulsory ID cards,[35][36] researching into the associated costs of the scheme, and shifting public and government opinion on the issue.[37] The institution is also popular with politicians and MPs to launch new policy, legislation and manifesto pledges, prominently with the launch of the Liberal Democrats Manifesto Conference under Nick Clegg on 12 January 2008.[38][39]

2010 to present

 
Nemat Shafik is the current President and Vice Chancellor of LSE[40]

In the early 2010s, its academics have been at the forefront of both national and international government consultations, reviews and policy, including representation on the UK Airports Commission,[41] Independent Police Commission,[42] Migration Advisory Committee,[43] UN Advisory Board on Water and Sanitation,[44] London Finance Commission,[45] HS2 Limited,[46] the UK government's Infrastructure Commission[47] and advising on Architecture and Urbanism for the London 2012 Olympics[48]

Craig Calhoun took up the post of director in September 2012. Its previous director, Judith Rees, is also chair of the school's Grantham Institute on Climate Change, an adviser to the World Bank as well as sitting on the UN Secretary General's advisory board on water and sanitation and the International Scientific Advisory Council (ISAC).[49] She is also a former convenor of the department of geography and environment and served as deputy director from 1998 to 2004.

In February 2016, Calhoun announced his intention to step down at the end of the academic year, in order to become president of the Berggruen Institute.[50] In September 2016, Bank of England Deputy Governor Dame Nemat (Minouche) Shafik was announced to replace Professor Julia Black as the school's director. Shafik began to lead the LSE in September 2017.[51]

Following the passage of the University of London Act 2018, the LSE (along with other member institutions of the University of London) announced in early 2019 that they would seek university status in their own right while remaining part of the federal university.[52] Approval of university title was received from the Office for Students in May 2022 and updated Articles of Association formally constituting the school as a university were approved by LSE council 5 July 2022.[53][54]

Controversies

See also: London School of Economics Gaddafi links

In February 2011, LSE had to face the consequences of matriculating one of Muammar Gaddafi's sons while accepting a £1.5m donation to the university from his family.[55] LSE director Howard Davies resigned over allegations about the institution's links to the Libyan regime.[56] The LSE announced in a statement that it had accepted his resignation with "great regret" and that it had set up an external inquiry into the school's relationship with the Libyan regime and Saif al-Islam Gaddafi, to be conducted by the former lord chief justice Harry Woolf.[56]

In 2013, the LSE was featured in a BBC Panorama documentary on North Korea, filmed inside the repressive regime by undercover journalists attached to a trip by the LSE's Grimshaw Club, a student society of the international relations department. The trip had been sanctioned by high-level North Korean officials.[57][58] The trip caused international media attention as a BBC journalist was posing as a part of LSE.[59] There was debate as to whether this put the students' lives in jeopardy in the repressive regime if a reporter had been exposed.[60] The North Korean government made hostile threats towards the students and LSE after the publicity, which forced an apology from the BBC.[58]

In August 2015, it was revealed that the university was paid approximately £40,000 for a "glowing report" for Camila Batmanghelidjh's charity, Kids Company.[61] The study was used by Batmanghelidjh to prove that the charity provided good value for money and was well managed. The university did not disclose that the study was funded by the charity.

In the summer of 2017, dozens of campus cleaners contracted via Noonan Services went on weekly strikes, protesting outside key buildings and causing significant disruption during end-of-year examinations.[62] The dispute organised by the UVW union was originally over unfair dismissals of cleaners, but had escalated into a broad demand for decent employment rights matching those of LSE's in-house employees.[63] Owen Jones did not cross the picket line after arriving for a debate on grammar schools with Peter Hitchens.[64] It was announced in June 2018 that some 200 outsourced workers at the LSE would be offered in-house contracts.[65]

In 2023, the LSE formally cut ties with the LGBT charity Stonewall, a decision which was sharply criticized as transphobic by the LSE Student Union, but praised by gender critical activists as being conducive to "freedom of speech".[66][67]

The World Turned Upside Down

 
The World Turned Upside Down. Taiwan is coloured differently from China

A sculpture by Mark Wallinger, The World Turned Upside Down, which features a globe resting on its north pole, was installed in Sheffield Street on the LSE campus on 26 March 2019. The artwork attracted controversy for showing Taiwan as a sovereign state rather than as part of China,[68][69][70] Lhasa being denoted as a full capital, and depicting boundaries between India and China as recognised internationally. The sculpture also did not depict the State of Palestine as a separate country from Israel.

After protests and reactions from both Chinese and Taiwanese students,[71][72] The university decided later that year that it would retain the original design which chromatically displayed the PRC and Taiwan as different entities consistent with the status quo, but with the addition of an asterisk beside the name of Taiwan and a corresponding placard that clarified the institution's position regarding the controversy.[73][74]

Campus and estate

 
Old Building
 
Centre Building, opened in 2019

Since 1902, LSE has been based at Clare Market and Houghton Street in Westminster. It is surrounded by a number of important institutions including the Royal Courts of Justice, all four Inns of Courts, Royal College of Surgeons, Sir John Soane's Museum, and the West End is immediately across Kingsway from campus, which also borders the City of London and is within walking distance to Trafalgar Square and the Houses of Parliament.

 
32 Lincoln's Inn Fields houses the Department of Economics and the International Growth Centre

In 1920, King George V laid the foundation of the Old Building. The campus now occupies an almost continuous group of around 30 buildings between Kingsway and Aldwych. Alongside teaching and academic space, the institution owns 11 student halls of residence across London, a West End theatre (the Peacock), early years centre, NHS medical centre and extensive sports ground in Berrylands, south London. LSE operates the George IV public house[75] and the students' union operates the Three Tuns bar.[76] The school's campus is noted for its numerous public art installations, which include Richard Wilson's Square the Block,[77] Michael Brown's Blue Rain,[78] Christopher Le Brun's Desert Window,[79] and Turner Prize-winner Mark Wallinger's The World Turned Upside Down.[80][81][82]

Since the early 2000s, the campus has undergone an extensive refurbishment project and a major fund-raising "Campaign for LSE" raised over £100 million in what was one of the largest university fund-raising exercises outside North America. This process began with the £35 million renovation of the British Library of Political and Economic Science by Foster and Partners.[83]

 
The New Academic Building houses the LSE Law School

In 2003, LSE purchased the former Public Trustee building at 24 Kingsway and engaged Sir Nicholas Grimshaw to redesign it into an ultra-modern educational facility at a total cost of over £45 million – increasing the size of the campus by 120,000 square feet (11,000 m2). The New Academic Building opened for teaching in October 2008, with an official opening by Her Majesty the Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh on 5 November 2008.[84] In November 2009 the school purchased the adjacent Sardinia House to house three academic departments and the nearby Old White Horse public house, before acquiring the freehold of the grade-II listed Land Registry Building at 32 Lincoln's Inn Fields in October 2010, which was reopened in March 2013 by The Princess Royal as the new home for the Department of Economics, International Growth Centre and its associated economic research centres. In 2015, LSE brought its ownership of buildings on Lincoln's Inn Fields to six, with the purchase of 5 Lincoln's Inn Fields on the north side of the square, which has since been converted into faculty accommodation.[85]

Saw Swee Hock Student Centre

The first new campus building for more than 40 years, the Saw Swee Hock Student Centre, named after the Singaporean statistician and philanthropist, opened in January 2014 following an architectural design competition managed by RIBA Competitions.[86][87] The building provides accommodation for the LSE Students' Union, LSE accommodation office and LSE careers service as well as a bar, events space, gymnasium, rooftop terrace, learning café, dance studio, and media centre.[88] Designed by architectural practice O’Donnell and Tuomey, the building achieved a BREEAM 'Outstanding' rating for environmental sustainability, won multiple awards including the RIBA National Award and London Building of the Year Award, and was shortlisted for the Stirling Prize.[89][90][91][92][93][94][95]

 
The 16th-century Old Curiosity Shop is now owned (freehold) and managed by the LSE

Centre Building

The Centre Building, situated opposite the British Library of Political and Economic Science, opened in June 2019. Designed by Rogers Stirk Harbour and Partners following a RIBA competition, the 13-storey building includes 14 seminar rooms seating between 20 and 60, 234 study spaces, a 200-seater auditorium, as well as three lecture theatres.[96] The building hosts the School of Public Policy, the Departments of Government and International Relations, the European Institute, and the International Inequalities Institute. It includes publicly accessible roof terraces and a renovated square at the centre of campus.[97][98][99] The building design was recognised with RIBA's London Award and National Award in 2021.[100][101][102][103]

Marshall Building

The Marshall Building, located at 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, opened in January 2022.[104] Designed by Grafton Architects and named after British investor Paul Marshall, the building houses the Departments of Management, Accounting, and Finance, sports facilities, and the Marshall Institute for Philanthropy and Social Entrepreneurship.[105][106][107] The site was previously home to the Francis Crick Institute's laboratories, which LSE purchased in 2013.[108][109]

Future expansion

 
LSE Campus as viewed from the terrace of the New Academic Building in January 2018, showing the Centre Building's redevelopment and the demolition of 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields

On 15 November 2017, LSE announced that it acquired the Nuffield Building at 35 Lincoln's Inn Fields from the Royal College of Surgeons and plans to redevelop the site to host the Firoz Lalji Global Hub, the departments of Mathematics, Statistics and Methodology, the Data Science Institute, and conference and executive education facilities. The new building will be designed by David Chipperfield Architects.[110][111][112][113][114]

 
The George IV, a pub owned by LSE

Sustainability

In 2021, LSE claimed to be the first UK university to be independently verified as carbon-neutral, which it achieved by funding rainforest trees to offset emissions through the Finnish organisation (Oy) Compensate.[115][116] However, LSE omitted some of its emissions in its calculation and thus did not offset all of them. While it measured and offset emissions from heating, electricity, and faculty air travel, the school left out other travel-related emissions, as well as emissions from construction and on-campus food. LSE plans to offset the remaining emissions (scope 1 through 3) by 2050.[117][118][119]

Organisation and administration

Governance

Although LSE is a constituent college of the federal University of London, it is in many ways comparable with free-standing, self-governing and independently funded universities, and it awards its own degrees.

LSE is incorporated under the Companies Act as a company limited by guarantee and is an exempt charity within the meaning of Schedule Two of the Charities Act 1993.[120] The principal governance bodies of the LSE are: the LSE Council; the Court of Governors; the academic board; and the director and director's management team.[120]

The LSE Council is responsible for strategy and its members are company directors of the school. It has specific responsibilities in relation to areas including: the monitoring of institutional performance; finance and financial sustainability; audit arrangements; estate strategy; human resource and employment policy; health and safety; "educational character and mission", and student experience. The council is supported in carrying out its role by a number of committees that report directly to it.[120]

The Court of Governors deals with certain constitutional matters and has pre-decision discussions on key policy issues and the involvement of individual governors in the school's activities. The court has the following formal powers: the appointment of members of court, its subcommittees and of the council; election of the chair and vice chairs of the court and council and honorary fellows of the school; the amendment of the memorandum and articles of association; and the appointment of external auditors.[120]

The academic board is LSE's principal academic body, and considers all major issues of general policy affecting the academic life of the school and its development. It is chaired by the director, with staff and student membership, and is supported by its own structure of committees. The vice chair of the academic board serves as a non-director member of the council and makes a termly report to the council.[120]

President and Vice-Chancellor[b]

 
Sir Walter Adams
 
I. G. Patel

The director is the head of LSE and its chief executive officer, responsible for executive management and leadership on academic issues. The director reports to and is accountable to the council. The director is also the accountable officer for the purposes of the Higher Education Funding Council for England Financial Memorandum. The LSE's current director is Dame Nemat Shafik, who replaced interim director, Professor Julia Black, on 1 September 2017.

The director is supported by four pro-directors with designated portfolios (education; research; planning and resources; faculty development), the school secretary, the chief operating officer, the chief finance officer, and the chief philanthropy and global engagement officer.[121]

President and Vice-Chancellor / Directors (old)
Years Name
1895–1903 William Hewins
1903–1908 Sir Halford Mackinder
1908–1919 The Hon. William Pember Reeves
1919–1937 Lord Beveridge
1937–1957 Sir Alexander Carr-Saunders
1957–1967 Sir Sydney Caine
1967–1974 Sir Walter Adams
1974–1984 Lord Dahrendorf
1984–1990 Indraprasad Gordhanbhai Patel
1990–1996 Sir John Ashworth
1996–2003 Lord Giddens
2003–2011 Sir Howard Davies
2011–2012 Dame Judith Rees
2012–2016† Craig Calhoun
2016–2017 Julia Black
2017–present Dame Nemat Shafik (1st President and VC of LSE)

† Titled as director and president[122]

Academic departments and institutes

LSE's research and teaching is organised into a network of independent academic departments established by the LSE Council, the school's governing body, on the advice of the academic board, the school's senior academic authority. There are currently 27 academic departments or institutes.

  • Department of Accounting
  • Department of Anthropology
  • Department of Economic History
  • Department of Economics
  • Department of Finance
  • Department of Geography and Environment
  • Department of Gender Studies
  • Department of Health Policy
  • Department of Government
  • Department of International Development
  • Department of International History
  • Department of International Relations
  • Department of Management
  • Department of Mathematics
  • Department of Media and Communications
  • Department of Methodology
  • Department of Philosophy, Logic and Scientific Method
  • Department of Psychological and Behavioural Science
  • Department of Social Policy
  • Department of Sociology
  • Department of Statistics
  • European Institute
  • International Inequalities Institute
  • Institute of Public Affairs
  • Language Centre
  • LSE Law School
  • Marshall Institute for Philanthropy and Social Entrepreneurship[123]
  • School of Public Policy

Finances

The LSE group has an endowment (as of 31 July 2016) of £119M and had a total income for 2015–16 (excluding donations and endowments) of £311M (£293M in 2014–15) with expenditure of £307M (2014–15 £302M). Key sources of income included £177M from tuition fees and education contacts (2014–15 £167M), £25M from funding council grants (2014–15 £22M), £32M from research grants (2014–15 – £27M) and £5.3M from investment income (2014–15 £4.7M).[124]

The Times Higher Education Pay Survey 2017 revealed that, among larger, non-specialist institutions, LSE professors and academics were the highest paid in the UK, with average incomes of £103,886 and £65,177 respectively.[125]

Endowment

The London School of Economics (LSE) is aiming to increase the size of its endowment fund to more than £1bn, which would make it one of the best resourced institutions in the UK and the world. The effort was initiated in 2016 by Lord Myners, then chairman of the LSE's Council and Court of Governors. The plan includes working with wealthy alumni of LSE to make large contributions, increasing the annual budget surplus, and launching a new, widescale alumni donor campaign. The plan to grow LSE's endowment to more than £1bn has been continued by Lord Myners' successors at the LSE.[126] The LSE has stated that currently "limited endowment funding constrains our ability to offer 'needs blind' admission to students".[124]

Academic year

LSE continues to adopt a three-term structure and has not moved to semesters. Michaelmas Term runs from October to mid-December, Lent Term from mid-January to late March and Summer Term from late April to mid-June. Certain departments operate reading weeks in early November and mid-February.[127]

Logo, arms and mascot

 
LSE's "red block" logo

The school's historic coat of arms is used on official documentation including degree certificates and transcripts and includes the motto – rerum cognoscere causas, a line taken from Virgil's Georgics meaning "to know the causes of things", together with the school's mascot – a beaver. Both these symbols, adopted in February 1922, continue to be held in high regard to this day with the beaver chosen because of its representation as "a hard working and industrious yet sociable animal", attributes that the founders hoped LSE students to both possess and aspire to.[128] The school's weekly newspaper is still entitled The Beaver, Rosebery residence hall's bar is called the Tipsy Beaver and LSE sports teams are known as the Beavers.[129] The institution has two sets of colours – brand and academic – red being the brand colour used on signage, publications and in buildings across campus and purple, black and gold for academic purposes including presentation ceremonies and graduation dress.

LSE's present 'red block' logo was adopted as part of a rebrand in the early 2000s, before which the school's coat of arms was used exclusively to represent the institution. As a trademarked brand, it is carefully protected but can be produced in various forms to reflect different requirements.[130] In its full form it contains the full name of the institution to the right of the block with a further small empty red square at the end, but it is adapted for each academic department or professional service division to provide a cohesive brand across the institution.

Academic profile

Admissions

UCAS Admission Statistics
2022 2021 2020 2019 2018
Applications[α][131] 26,625 25,845 22,115 21,255 19,725
Accepted[α][131] 2,150 1,715 2,245 1,705 1,790
Applications/Accepted Ratio[α] 12.4 15.1 9.9 12.5 11.0
Offer Rate (%)[β][132] 26.1 21.9 36.5 35.2 34.0
Average Entry Tariff[133] n/a n/a 193 177 168
  1. ^ a b c Main scheme applications, International and UK
  2. ^ UK domiciled applicants
HESA Student Body Composition (2022)
Domicile[134] and Ethnicity[135] Total
British White 16% 16
 
British Ethnic Minorities[c] 19% 19
 
International EU 15% 15
 
International Non-EU 50% 50
 
Undergraduate Widening Participation Indicators[136][137]
Female 53% 53
 
Independent School 30% 30
 
Low Participation Areas[d] 7% 7
 
 
St Clement's Building

The LSE received 20,000 applications for 1,600 undergraduate places in 2017, or 12.5 applicants per place.[138] All undergraduate applications, including international applications, are made through UCAS.[138] LSE had the 15th highest average entry qualification for undergraduates of any UK university in 2018–19, with new students averaging 168 UCAS points,[139] equivalent to A*A*A* or ABBB in A-level grades. The university gave offers of admission to 37.0% of its applicants in 2015, the 3rd lowest amongst the Russell Group.[140]

Postgraduate students at the LSE are required to have a first or upper second Class UK honours degree, or its foreign equivalent, for master's degrees, while direct entry to the MPhil/PhD programme requires a UK taught master's with merit, or foreign equivalent. Admission to the diploma requires a UK degree or equivalent plus relevant experience.[141] The intake to applications ratio for postgraduate degree programmes is very competitive; the MSc Financial Mathematics had a ratio of just over 4% in 2016.[142][143]

31.6% of LSE's undergraduates are privately educated, the ninth highest proportion amongst mainstream British universities.[144] In the 2016–17 academic year, the university had a domicile breakdown of 33:18:50 of UK:EU:non-EU students respectively with a female-to-male ratio of 52:47.[145]

Programmes and degrees

LSE is the only university in the United Kingdom dedicated solely to the study and research of social sciences. LSE awards a range of academic degrees spanning bachelors, masters and PhDs. The post-nominals awarded are the degree abbreviations used commonly among British universities.

The school offers over 140 MSc programmes, 5 MPA programmes, an LLM, 30 BSc programmes, an LLB, 4 BA programmes (including International History and Geography), and 35 PhD programmes.[146][147] Subjects pioneered in Britain by LSE include accountancy and sociology, and the school also employed Britain's first full-time lecturer in economic history.[148] Courses are split across more than thirty research centres and nineteen departments, plus a Language Centre.[149] Lastly, in partnership with the federal University of London, LSE oversees 9 BSc programmes as the lead institution which designs the curriculum.[150] Students who chose to study online experience the same unique academic experience as on-campus, they are considered a part of LSE community and they have a variety of options to interact with their university, such as the LSE general course.[151]

 
John Watkins Plaza at the London School of Economics

Since programmes are all within the social sciences, they closely resemble each other, and undergraduate students usually take at least one course module in a subject outside of their degree for their first and second years of study, promoting a broader education in the social sciences.[citation needed] At undergraduate level, some departments have as few as 90 students across the three years of study.[citation needed] Since September 2010,[citation needed] it has been compulsory for first year undergraduates to participate in LSE 100: Understanding the Causes of Things alongside normal studies.[152]

From 1902, following its absorption into the University of London, until 2007, all degrees were awarded by the federal university in common with all other colleges of the university. This system was changed in 2007 to enable some colleges to award their own degrees.[citation needed] LSE was granted the power to begin awarding its own degrees from July 2008.[9] All students entering from the 2007–08 academic year onwards received an LSE degree, while students who started before this date were issued University of London degrees.[153][154][155] In conjunction with NYU Stern and HEC Paris, LSE also offers the TRIUM Executive MBA. This was globally ranked third among executive MBAs by the Financial Times in 2016.[156]

Research

In the 2014 Research Excellence Framework, LSE had the joint highest percentage of world-leading research among research submitted of any institution that entered more than one unit of assessment[157] and was ranked third by cumulative grade point average with a score of 3.35, beating both Oxford and Cambridge.[158] It was ranked 23rd in the country for research power by Research Fortnight based on its REF2014 results, and 28th in research power by the Times Higher Education.[157][159] This followed the Research Assessment Exercise in 2008 where the school was placed second equal nationally on GPA, first for fraction of world-leading (4*) research and fourth for fraction of world-leading or internationally excellent (3* and 4*) research in LSE's analysis of the results,[160] fourth equal for GPA and 29th for research power in Times Higher Education's analysis,[157] and 27th in research power by Research Fortnight's analysis.[159]

According to analysis of the REF 2014 subject results by Times Higher Education, the school is the UK's top research university in terms of GPA of research submitted in business and management; area studies; and communication, cultural and media studies, library and information management, and second in law; politics and international studies; economics and econometrics; and social work and social policy.[161]

 
Houghton Street is the centre of the LSE campus

Research centres

The school houses a number of notable centres including the Centre for the Analysis of Social Exclusion, the Centre for Climate Change Economics and Policy, the Centre for Macroeconomics, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE Health and Social Care, the Financial Markets Group (founded by former Bank of England governor Sir Mervyn King), the Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment (chaired by Lord Stern), LSE Cities, the UK Department for International Development funded International Growth Centre and one of the six the UK government-backed 'What Works Centres' – the What Works Centre for Local Economic Growth. The Greater London Group was influential research centre within LSE from the late 1950s on, before being subsumed into the LSE London research group.[162]

LSE Institute of Global Affairs

In late 2014, LSE hired Erik Berglöf, former chief economist and special advisor to the EBRD to establish a new Institute of Global Affairs with seven regional research centres focusing on Africa, East Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, the Middle East, South Asia, South East Asia and the United States.[163][164] It is joined by the LSE IDEAS think tank, which in a global survey conducted by the University of Pennsylvania in 2015 was jointly ranked as world's second-best university think tank for the third year running alongside the LSE Public Policy Group, after Harvard University's Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs.[165]

In February 2015, Angelina Jolie and William Hague launched the UK's first academic Centre on Women, Peace and Security, based at the school. The centre aims to contribute to global women's rights issues, including the prosecution of war rape and women's engagement in politics, through academic research, a post-graduate teaching program, public engagement, and collaboration with international organisations.[166][167] Furthermore, in May 2016 it was announced that Jolie-Pitt and Hague would join Jane Connors and Madeleine Rees as visiting professors in practice from September 2016.[168]

Partnerships

LSE has academic partnerships in teaching and research with six universities – with Columbia University in New York City and University of California, Berkeley, in Asia with Peking University in Beijing and the National University of Singapore, in Africa with the University of Cape Town and Europe with Sciences Po in Paris.[169]

Together they offer a range of double or joint degree programmes including an MA in International and World History (with Columbia) and an MSc in international affairs with Peking University, with graduates earning degrees from both institutions.[170] The school also offers joint degrees for specific departments with various other universities including Fudan University in Shanghai, USC in Los Angeles and a Global Studies programme which is offered with a consortium of four European universities – Leipzig, Vienna, Roskilde and Wroclaw. It offers the TRIUM Global Executive MBA programme[171] jointly with Stern School of Business of New York University and HEC School of Management, Paris. It is divided into six modules held in five international business locations over a 16-month period. LSE also offers a Dual Master of Public Administration (MPA) with Global Public Policy Network schools such as Sciences Po Paris,[172] the Hertie School of Governance and National University of Singapore, and a duel MPA-Master of Global Affairs (MGA) degree with the University of Toronto's Munk School of Global Affairs.[173]

The school also runs exchange programmes with a number of international business schools through the Global Master's in Management programme and an undergraduate student exchange programme with the University of California, Berkeley in Political Science. LSE is the only UK member school in the CEMS Alliance, and the LSE Global Master's in Management is the only programme in the UK to offer the CEMS Master's in International Management (CEMS MIM) as a double degree option, allowing students to study at one of 34 CEMS partner universities.[174][175] It also participates in Key Action 1 of the European Union-wide Erasmus+ programme, encouraging staff and student mobility for teaching, although not the other Key Actions in the programme.[176]

The school is a member of the Association of Commonwealth Universities, the European University Association,[177] the G5, the Global Alliance in Management Education, the Russell Group and Universities UK,[178] and is sometimes considered part of the 'Golden Triangle' of universities in south-east England, along with the University of Oxford, the University of Cambridge, University College London, Imperial College London, and King's College London.[179][180][181][182][183][184][185]

LSE’s European Institute offers a Double Degree in European and International Public Policy and Politics with Bocconi University in Milan. [186]

Libraries and archives

 
The interior of the main LSE library, designed by Norman Foster
Main articles: British Library of Political and Economic Science, Women's Library, and LSE Shaw Library

LSE's main library, the British Library of Political and Economic Science, is located in the Lionel Robbins Building, which reopened in 2001 following a two-year renovation by Foster and Partners. Founded in 1896, it is the world's largest library dedicated to social sciences and the United Kingdom's national social sciences library.[187][188] Its collections are recognised for their national and international significance and hold 'Designation' status by the Museums, Libraries and Archives Council (MLA).[189] The library welcomes 1.8 million visits per year by students, staff, and the public and contains over 4 million print volumes, 60,000 online journals, and 29,000 electronic books.[190] The Digital Library contains digitised material from LSE Library collections and also born-digital material that has been collected and preserved in digital formats.[191]

The Women's Library, Britain's main library and archive on women and the women's movement, is located in a purpose-built facility with a reading room and exhibition space in the Lionel Robbins Building. The library relocated from London Metropolitan University in 2014.[192][193][194][195][196]

The Shaw Library, housed in the Founders' Room in the Old Building, contains the school's collection of fiction and general readings. It functions as a general-purpose reading and common room and hosts lunchtime music concerts, press launches, and the Fabian Window, which was unveiled by Prime Minister Tony Blair in 2006.[197][198]

Several subject-specific libraries exist at LSE, including the Seligman Library for Anthropology, the Himmelweit Library for Social Psychology, the Leverhulme Library for Statistics, the Robert McKenzie Library for Sociology, the Michael Wise Library for Geography, and the Gender Institute Library. Additionally, LSE staff and some students are permitted to access and borrow items from Senate House Library, the SOAS Library, and select institutions through the SCONUL Access scheme.[199][200][201]

LSE Summer School

The original LSE Summer School was established in 1989 and has since expanded to offer over 70 three-week courses in accounting, finance, economics, English language, international relations, government, law and management each July and August.[202] It is advertised as the largest and one of the most well-established university Summer Schools of its kind in Europe.[203]

In recent years, the school has expanded its summer schools both abroad and into executive education with the LSE-PKU Summer School in Beijing (run with Peking University), the LSE-UCT July School in Cape Town (run with the University of Cape Town) and the Executive Summer School at its London campus. In 2011, it also launched a Methods Summer Programme. Together these courses welcome over 5,000 participants from over 130 countries and some of the top colleges and universities around the world, as well as professionals from several multinational institutions. Participants are housed in LSE halls of residence or their overseas equivalents, and the Summer School provides a full social programme including guest lectures and receptions.[204]

Public lectures

 
Nelson Mandela arriving at LSE in 2000 to deliver a public lecture

Public lectures hosted by LSE Events office, are open to students, alumni and the general public. As well as leading academics and commentators, speakers frequently include prominent national and international figures such as ambassadors, CEOs, Members of Parliament, and heads of state. A number of these are broadcast live around the world via the school's website.[205] LSE organises over 200 public events every year.[206]

Recent[when?] prominent speakers have included Kofi Annan, Ben Bernanke, Tony Blair, Gordon Brown, David Cameron, Noam Chomsky, Bill Clinton, Philip Craven, Niall Ferguson, Vicente Fox, Milton Friedman, Muammar Gaddafi, Julia Gillard, Alan Greenspan, Tenzin Gyatso, Lee Hsien Loong, Boris Johnson, David Harvey, Jean Tirole, Angelina Jolie, Paul Krugman, Dmitri Medvedev, Mario Monti, George Osborne, Robert Peston, Sebastián Piñera, Kevin Rudd, Jeffrey Sachs, Gerhard Schroeder, Carlos D. Mesa, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, Aung San Suu Kyi, Amartya Sen, George Soros and Rowan Williams. Previously, the school has hosted figures including Nelson Mandela and Margaret Thatcher.[207]

There are also a number of annual lecture series hosted by various departments. These include but are not limited to the Malinowski Memorial Lectures hosted by the department of anthropology, the Lionel Robbins Memorial Lectures and the Ralph Miliband programme.[208]

Publishing

In 2018, the university launched LSE Press in partnership with Ubiquity Press. This is intended to publish open-access journals and books in the social sciences. The first journal to be published by the press was the Journal of Illicit Economies and Development, edited by John Collins, executive director of LSE's International Drug Policy Unit. The press is managed through the LSE Library.[209]

Rankings and reputation

Rankings
National rankings
Complete (2023)[210]3
Guardian (2023)[211]4
Times / Sunday Times (2023)[212]4
Global rankings
ARWU (2022)[213]101–150
QS (2023)[214]56
THE (2023)[215]37

LSE is ranked third in the UK in the Complete University Guide 2022,[216] fifth in the Times/Sunday Times Good University Guide 2022, and fifth in The Guardian University Guide 2021.[211]

The QS World University Rankings for 2023 rankings saw the LSE placed 56th among the world's universities.[214] The 2023 Times Higher Education World University Rankings ranked LSE 37th globally.[215] On the other hand, Academic Ranking of World Universities for 2022 ranked LSE in the 151–200 range.[213] While the 2022 U.S. News & World Report Best Global Universities 2022 ranked LSE's social science and economics programs highly, overall, it ranked LSE 230th globally.[217]

In terms of specific subject areas, the QS World University Rankings by Subject 2020 ranks the LSE second in the world in economics & social sciences and management and 20th for arts and humanities, while for individual subjects it is ranked second for geography, third for communication and media studies, social policy and administration, and sociology, in the top ten for accounting and finance, anthropology, business and management studies, development studies, economics and econometrics, history, law and legal studies, philosophy, and politics, and in the top 50 for psychology, and statistics and operational research.[218] Times Higher Education's subject rankings for 2021 place LSE 7th for business and economics, 8th for social sciences, 10th for law, 17th equal for psychology, 21st for arts and humanities, and in the 251–300 range for physical sciences.[219] U.S. News & World Report ranked LSE 7th globally for economics, 34th for social sciences, 57th for arts and humanities, 141st equal for psychiatry/psychology, and 212th equal for public, environmental and occupational health.[217]

According to data released by the Department for Education in 2018, LSE was rated as the best university for boosting graduate earnings, with male graduates seeing a 47.2% increase in earnings and female graduates seeing a 38.2% increase in earnings compared to the average graduate.[220]

According to Wealth-X and UBS's "Billionaire Census" in 2014, LSE ranked 10th in the list of 20 schools that have produced the most billionaire alumni.[221] The LSE was the only UK university to make the list.

In the 2020 National Student Survey LSE came 64th out of 154 for overall student satisfaction.[222] The LSE had scored well below its benchmark on this measure in previous years, coming 145th out of 148 in 2017.[223][224] The increase in student satisfaction in 2020 led to a climb of 14 places to fifth in the 2021 Guardian ranking.[225]

Student life

 
LSE students revising in Lincoln's Inn Fields

Student body

In the 2015–16 academic year there were 10,833 full-time students and around 700 part-time students at the university. Of these, approximately 7,500 came from outside the United Kingdom (approximately 70% of the total student body), making LSE a highly international school with over 160 countries represented.[226] LSE had more countries represented by students than the UN.[227] 32% of LSE's students come from Asia, 10% from North America, 2% each from South America and Africa. Combined over 100 languages are spoken at LSE.[228] Over half of LSE's students are postgraduates,[229] and there is approximately an equal split between genders with 51% male and 49% female students.[229] Alumni total over 160,000, covering over 190 countries with more than 80 active alumni groups.[11]

Students' Union

Main article: LSE Students' Union
 
The logo of LSE Students' Union

The LSE Students' Union (LSESU) is affiliated to the National Union of Students and is responsible for campaigning and lobbying the school on behalf of students as well providing student support and the organisation and undertaking of entertainment events and student societies. It is often regarded as the most politically active in Britain – a reputation it has held since the well documented LSE student riots in 1966–67 and 1968–69,[230][231] which made international headlines. In 2015, the school was awarded the top spot for student nightlife by The Guardian newspaper[232] due in part to its central location and provision of over 200 societies, 40 sports clubs, a Raising and Giving (RAG) branch and a thriving media group. In 2013, the union moved into a purpose-built new building – the Saw Swee Hock Student Centre on the Aldwych campus.[233]

A weekly student newspaper The Beaver, is published each Tuesday during term time and is amongst the oldest student newspapers in the country. It sits alongside a radio station, Pulse! which has existed since 1999 and a television station LooSE Television since 2005. The Clare Market Review one of Britain's oldest student publications was revived in 2008.[234] Over £150,000 is raised for charity each year through the RAG (Raising and Giving), the fundraising arm of the Students' Union,[235] which was started in 1980 by then Student Union Entertainments Officer and former New Zealand MP Tim Barnett.[236]

Sporting activity is coordinated by the LSE Athletics Union, which is a constituent of British Universities & Colleges Sport (BUCS).[234]

Student housing

 
Northumberland House

LSE owns or operates 10 halls of residence in and around central London and there are also two halls owned by urbanest and five intercollegiate halls (shared with other constituent colleges of the University of London) within a 3-mile radius of the school, for a total of over 4,000 places.[237] Most residences take both undergraduates and postgraduates, although Carr-Saunders Hall and Passfield Hall are undergraduate only, and Butler's Wharf Residence, Grosvenor House and Lillian Knowles House are reserved for postgraduates. Sidney Webb House, managed by Unite Students, takes postgraduates and continuing students.[238] There are also flats available on Anson and Carleton roads, which are reserved for students with children.[239]

The school guarantees accommodation for all first-year undergraduate students and many of the school's larger postgraduate population are also catered for, with some specific residences available for postgraduate living.[240] Whilst none of the residences are located at the Aldwych campus, the closest, Grosvenor House is within a five-minute walk from the school in Covent Garden, whilst the farthest residences (Nutford and Butler's Wharf) are approximately forty-five minutes by Tube or Bus.

Each residence accommodates a mixture of students both home and international, male and female, and, usually, undergraduate and postgraduate. New undergraduate students (including General Course students) occupy approximately 55% of all spaces, with postgraduates taking approximately 40% and continuing students about 5% of places.[240]

 
Grosvenor House Studios

The largest LSE student residence, Bankside House, a refurbished early 1950s office block and former headquarters of the Central Electricity Generating Board,[241] opened to students in 1996 and is fully catered, accommodating 617 students across eight floors overlooking the River Thames. It is located behind the Tate Modern art gallery on the south bank of the river.[242][243] The second-largest residence, the High Holborn Residence in High Holborn, was opened in 1995 and is approximately 10 minutes walk from the main campus. It is self-catering, accommodating 447 students in flats of four our five bedrooms with shared facilities.[244]

Notable people

For a more comprehensive list, see List of people associated with the London School of Economics.

LSE has a long list of notable alumni and staff, spanning the fields of scholarship provided by the school.[245] The school has over 50 fellows of the British Academy on its staff, while other notable former staff members include Brian Barry, Maurice Cranston, Anthony Giddens, Harold Laski, Ralph Miliband, Michael Oakeshott, A. W. Philips, Karl Popper, Lionel Robbins, Susan Strange, Bob Ward and Charles Webster. Mervyn King, the former Governor of the Bank of England, is also a former professor of economics.

Of the current 9 members of the Bank of England Monetary Policy Committee the following 5 have affiliation to the LSE: Jonathan Haskel (alumni), Michael Saunders (alumni), Gertjan Vlieghe (alumni), Silvana Tenereyro (current professor of economics) and Governor Andrew Bailey (former Research Officer).

In the political arena notable alumni and staff include 53 past or present heads of state, 20 members of the current British House of Commons and 46 members of the current House of Lords. Former British Prime Minister Clement Attlee taught at the school from 1912 to 1923. In recent British politics, former LSE students include Virginia Bottomley, Yvette Cooper, Edwina Currie, Frank Dobson, Margaret Hodge, Robert Kilroy-Silk, former UK Labour Party leader Ed Miliband and former UK Liberal Democrats leader Jo Swinson. Internationally, the current and first female president of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen, Brazilian defence minister Celso Amorim, Costa Rican President Óscar Arias, former Japanese Prime Minister Taro Aso, Queen Margrethe II of Denmark, architect of the Indian Constitution and eminent economist B. R. Ambedkar, President of India K. R. Narayanan, President of the Republic of China (Taiwan) Tsai Ing-wen, Italian prime minister and president of the European Commission, Romano Prodi, French Foreign Minister and president of the Constitutional Council Roland Dumas[246] as well as Singapore's deputy prime minister and chairman of the International Monetary and Financial Committee at the International Monetary Fund (IMF), Tharman Shanmugaratnam all studied at LSE. A notable number of LSE students have also played a role in the Barack Obama administration, including Pete Rouse, Peter R. Orszag, Mona Sutphen, Paul Volcker and Jason Furman.[247] Physician Vanessa Kerry and American journalist Susan Rasky are also alumnae of the LSE. Notable American Monica Lewinsky pursued her MSc in Social Psychology at the LSE.

Business people who studied at LSE include the CEO of AirAsia Tony Fernandes, former CEO of General Motors Daniel Akerson, director of Louis Vuitton Delphine Arnault, founder of easyJet Stelios Haji-Ioannou, CEO of Abercrombie & Fitch Michael S. Jeffries, Greek business magnate Spiros Latsis, American banker David Rockefeller, CEO of Newsmax Media Christopher Ruddy, founder of advertising agency Saatchi and Saatchi Maurice Saatchi, hedge fund managers George Soros and Michael Platt and Andreas Utermann, former CEO of Allianz Global Investors.

A survey by employment specialists Emolument.com found that it on average took LSE graduates 11.6 years in the workforce to begin earning base salaries in excess of £500,000; the shortest timespan of any university in the United Kingdom.[248]

Convicted British terrorist, Omar Saeed Sheikh, studied statistics at LSE, but did not graduate. He served five years in an Indian prison for kidnapping British tourists in 1994. In 2002, he was arrested and convicted in the kidnapping and murder of Daniel Pearl. The Guardian reported that Sheikh came into contact with radical Islamists at the LSE.[249]

Nobel laureates

For a more comprehensive list, see List of Nobel laureates affiliated with the London School of Economics.

As of 2019, 18 Nobel Prizes in economics, peace and literature are officially recognised as having been awarded to LSE alumni and staff.[245]

LSE in literature and other media

The LSE has been mentioned and formed the basis of setting for numerous works of fiction and in popular culture.

The first notable mention of the LSE was in literature was in the epilogue to Bernard Shaw's 1912 play ''Pygmalion', Eliza Dolittle is sent to the LSE.

In around a dozen other novels, the LSE was mentioned as short-hand for a character being witty and clever but outside the establishment. This is best exhibited by Ian Fleming's CV of James Bond that included the detail that his father, Andrew, is an LSE graduate. These occurrences have continued into contemporary fiction: Lenny is the young 'hip' LSE graduate and criminologist in Jake Arnott's tour of the London underworld in The Long Firm. Robert Harris' Enigma includes Baxter, a code breaker with leftist views, who has been an LSE lecturer before the war and My Revolutions by Hari Kunzru traces the career of Chris Carver aka Michael Frame who travels from LSE student radical to terrorist and on to middle England.

Former LSE alumnus Hilary Mantel in The Experience of Love never mentions LSE by name but Houghton Street, the corridors of the LSE Old Building and Wright's Bar are immediately recognisable references to the campus of the school. A.S. Byatt's The Children's Book returns to LSE's Fabian roots with a plot inspired in part by the life of children's writer E. Nesbitt and Fabian Hubert Bland, and characters that choose LSE over older educational establishments (namely Oxford and Cambridge).

On the small screen, the popular 1980s British sitcom Yes Minister and Yes Prime Minister make a regular references to the LSE with Minister Jim Hacker (later Prime Minister) and Sir Mark Spencer (special advisor to the Prime Minister) regularly being subtly ridiculed for having attended the LSE. A slightly earlier fictional LSE graduate appears in season three episode six of the US series, Mad Men. The popular American series The West Wing following the Democratic administration of Josiah (Jed) Barltet makes several references to Josiah Bartlet being an alumnus of the LSE. Other fictional LSE alumnus are present in Spooks, at least one episode of The Professionals and The Blacklist series.

In movies and motion pictures, in the 2014 action spy thriller Shadow Recruit, the young Jack Ryan, based on a Tom Clancy character, proves his academic credentials by walking out of the Old Building as he graduates from the London School of Economics before injuring his spine being shot down in Afghanistan. The LSE is acknowledged in The Social Network naming the institution along with Oxford and Cambridge Universities in a reference to the rapid growth Facebook enjoyed both within and outside the United States in its early years.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The head of the LSE is Director. The post of Director is renamed to President and Vice-Chancellor recently in the year 2023
  2. ^ The head of the LSE is Director. The post of Director is renamed to President and Vice Chancellor recently in the year 2023
  3. ^ Includes those who indicate that they identify as Asian, Black, Mixed Heritage, Arab or any other ethnicity except White.
  4. ^ Calculated from the Polar4 measure, using Quintile1, in England and Wales. Calculated from the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD) measure, using SIMD20, in Scotland.
  1. ^ Attended only for a term; did not graduate.
  2. ^ Attended; did not graduate.
  3. ^ Attended; did not graduate.

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Further reading

  • Dahrendorf, Ralf (1995). LSE: A History of the London School of Economics and Political Science, 1895–1995. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. xx, 584. ISBN 0198202407.
  • "Determined Challengers Keep Heat on the Elite", The Times Higher Education Supplement, 28 October 2005
  • "1969: LSE closes over student clashes", BBC News
  • "IDEAS Research Assessment UK top 20% of Departments & World top 5% of Departments", "IDEAS, University of Connecticut, Top 20% UK institutions"

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to London School of Economics.
  • Official website  
  • Catalogue of the archives of LSE
  • Memorandum about the school by William Beveridge, 1935
  • Catalogue of School minute books, 1894–

February 15, 2023
london, school, economics, political, science, public, research, university, located, london, england, constituent, college, federal, university, london, founded, 1895, fabian, society, members, sidney, webb, beatrice, webb, graham, wallas, george, bernard, sh. The London School of Economics and Political Science LSE is a public research university located in London England and a constituent college of the federal University of London Founded in 1895 by Fabian Society members Sidney Webb Beatrice Webb Graham Wallas and George Bernard Shaw LSE joined the University of London in 1900 and established its first degree courses under the auspices of the university in 1901 8 LSE began awarding its degrees in its own name in 2008 9 prior to which it awarded degrees of the University of London It became a university in its own right within the University of London in 2022 10 London School of Economics and Political ScienceCoat of ArmsMottoLatin Rerum cognoscere causasMotto in EnglishTo understand the causes of thingsTypePublic research universityEstablished1895 1895 Endowment 229 4 million 2022 1 Budget 436 9 million 2021 22 1 ChairSusan Liautaud 2 ChancellorThe Princess Royal as Chancellor of the University of London VisitorPenny Mordaunt as Lord President of the Council ex officio Academic staff1 780 2020 3 Administrative staff2 515 2018 19 4 Students12 050 2019 20 5 Undergraduates5 160 2019 20 5 Postgraduates6 895 2019 20 5 LocationLondon United Kingdom51 30 50 N 0 07 00 W 51 51389 N 0 11667 W 51 51389 0 11667 Coordinates 51 30 50 N 0 07 00 W 51 51389 N 0 11667 W 51 51389 0 11667CampusUrbanPresident and Vice Chancellor a The Baroness ShafikNewspaperThe BeaverColoursPurple black and gold 6 AffiliationsACU CEMS EUA Russell Group University of London Universities UKMascotBeaverWebsitelse ac ukLSE is located in the London Borough of Camden and Westminster Central London near the boundary between Covent Garden and Holborn The area is historically known as Clare Market LSE has more than 11 000 students just under seventy percent of whom come from outside the UK and 3 300 staff 11 It had an income of 436 9 million in 2021 22 of which 35 5 million was from research grants 1 The university has the fifth largest endowment of any university in the UK One hundred and fifty five nationalities are represented amongst the LSE s student body and the school had the second highest percentage of international students 70 of the 800 institutions in the 2015 16 Times Higher Education World University Ranking 12 Despite its name the school is organised into 25 academic departments and institutes which conduct teaching and research across a range of pure and applied social sciences 11 LSE is a member of the Russell Group Association of Commonwealth Universities and the European University Association and is typically considered part of the golden triangle of research universities in the south east of England The LSE also forms part of CIVICA The European University of Social Sciences a network of eight European universities focused on research in the social sciences 13 In the 2021 Research Excellence Framework the school had the third highest grade point average joint with Cambridge 14 LSE alumni and faculty include 55 past or present heads of state or government and 18 Nobel laureates As of 2017 27 or 13 out of 49 of all Nobel Memorial Prizes in Economics have been awarded or jointly awarded to LSE alumni current staff or former staff who consequently comprise 16 13 out of 79 of all Nobel Memorial Prize laureates LSE alumni and faculty have also won 3 Nobel Peace Prizes and 2 Nobel Prizes in Literature 15 16 Out of all European universities LSE has educated the most billionaires 11 according to a 2014 global census of US dollar billionaires 17 Contents 1 History 1 1 Origins 1 2 20th century 1 3 21st century 1 3 1 2010 to present 1 4 Controversies 1 4 1 The World Turned Upside Down 2 Campus and estate 2 1 Saw Swee Hock Student Centre 2 2 Centre Building 2 3 Marshall Building 2 4 Future expansion 2 5 Sustainability 3 Organisation and administration 3 1 Governance 3 1 1 President and Vice Chancellor b 3 2 Academic departments and institutes 3 3 Finances 3 3 1 Endowment 3 4 Academic year 3 5 Logo arms and mascot 4 Academic profile 4 1 Admissions 4 2 Programmes and degrees 4 3 Research 4 3 1 Research centres 4 3 2 LSE Institute of Global Affairs 4 4 Partnerships 4 5 Libraries and archives 4 6 LSE Summer School 4 7 Public lectures 4 8 Publishing 4 9 Rankings and reputation 5 Student life 5 1 Student body 5 2 Students Union 5 3 Student housing 6 Notable people 6 1 Nobel laureates 7 LSE in literature and other media 8 See also 9 Notes 10 References 11 Further reading 12 External linksHistory EditMain article History of the London School of Economics Beatrice and Sidney Webb Origins Edit The London School of Economics was founded in 1895 18 by Beatrice and Sidney Webb 19 initially funded by a bequest of 20 000 20 21 from the estate of Henry Hunt Hutchinson Hutchinson a lawyer 20 and member of the Fabian Society 22 23 left the money in trust to be put towards advancing its The Fabian Society s objects in any way they the trustees deem advisable 23 The five trustees were Sidney Webb Edward Pease Constance Hutchinson W S de Mattos and William Clark 20 LSE records that the proposal to establish the school was conceived during a breakfast meeting on 4 August 1894 between the Webbs Louis Flood and George Bernard Shaw 18 The proposal was accepted by the trustees in February 1895 23 and LSE held its first classes in October of that year in rooms at 9 John Street Adelphi 24 in the City of Westminster 20th century Edit The school joined the federal University of London in 1900 and was recognised as a Faculty of Economics of the university The University of London degrees of BSc Econ and DSc Econ were established in 1901 the first university degrees dedicated to the social sciences 24 Expanding rapidly over the following years the school moved initially to the nearby 10 Adelphi Terrace then to Clare Market and Houghton Street The foundation stone of the Old Building on Houghton Street was laid by King George V in 1920 18 the building was opened in 1922 24 Friedrich Hayek who taught at LSE during the 1930s and 1940s The 1930s economic debate between LSE and the University of Cambridge is well known in academic circles Rivalry between academic opinion at LSE and Cambridge goes back to the school s roots when LSE s Edwin Cannan 1861 1935 Professor of Economics and Cambridge s Professor of Political Economy Alfred Marshall 1842 1924 the leading economist of the day argued about the bedrock matter of economics and whether the subject should be considered as an organic whole Marshall disapproved of LSE s separate listing of pure theory and its insistence on economic history 25 The dispute also concerned the question of the economist s role and whether this should be as a detached expert or a practical adviser 26 Despite the traditional view that the LSE and Cambridge were fierce rivals through the 1920s and 30s they worked together in the 1920s on the London and Cambridge Economic Service 27 However the 1930s brought a return to disputes as economists at the two universities argued over how best to address the economic problems caused by the Great Depression 28 The main figures in this debate were John Maynard Keynes from Cambridge and the LSE s Friedrich Hayek The LSE economist Lionel Robbins was also heavily involved Starting off as a disagreement over whether demand management or deflation was the better solution to the economic problems of the time it eventually embraced much wider concepts of economics and macroeconomics Keynes put forward the theories now known as Keynesian economics involving the active participation of the state and public sector while Hayek and Robbins followed the Austrian School which emphasised free trade and opposed state involvement 28 During World War II the school decamped from London to the University of Cambridge occupying buildings belonging to Peterhouse 29 The school s arms 30 including its motto and beaver mascot were adopted in February 1922 31 on the recommendation of a committee of twelve including eight students which was established to research the matter 32 The Latin motto rerum cognoscere causas is taken from Virgil s Georgics Its English translation is to Know the Causes of Things 31 and it was suggested by Professor Edwin Cannan 18 The beaver mascot was selected for its associations with foresight constructiveness and industrious behaviour 32 21st century Edit Stonework featuring the initials of LSE LSE continues to have a wide impact within British society through its relationships and influence in politics business and law The Guardian described such influence in 2005 when it stated Once again the political clout of the school which seems to be closely wired into parliament Whitehall and the Bank of England is being felt by ministers The strength of LSE is that it is close to the political process Mervyn King was a former LSE professor The former chairman of the House of Commons education committee Barry Sheerman sits on its board of governors along with Labour peer Lord Frank Judd Also on the board are Tory MPs Virginia Bottomley and Richard Shepherd as well as Lord Saatchi and Lady Howe 33 Commenting in 2001 on the rising status of the LSE the British magazine The Economist stated that two decades ago the LSE was still the poor relation of the University of London s other colleges Now it regularly follows Oxford and Cambridge in league tables of research output and teaching quality and is at least as well known abroad as Oxbridge According to the magazine the school owes its success to the single minded American style exploitation of its brand name and political connections by the recent directors particularly Mr Giddens and his predecessor John Ashworth and raises money from foreign students high fees which are attracted by academic stars such as Richard Sennett 34 As of 2006 the school was active in opposing British government proposals to introduce compulsory ID cards 35 36 researching into the associated costs of the scheme and shifting public and government opinion on the issue 37 The institution is also popular with politicians and MPs to launch new policy legislation and manifesto pledges prominently with the launch of the Liberal Democrats Manifesto Conference under Nick Clegg on 12 January 2008 38 39 2010 to present Edit Nemat Shafik is the current President and Vice Chancellor of LSE 40 In the early 2010s its academics have been at the forefront of both national and international government consultations reviews and policy including representation on the UK Airports Commission 41 Independent Police Commission 42 Migration Advisory Committee 43 UN Advisory Board on Water and Sanitation 44 London Finance Commission 45 HS2 Limited 46 the UK government s Infrastructure Commission 47 and advising on Architecture and Urbanism for the London 2012 Olympics 48 Craig Calhoun took up the post of director in September 2012 Its previous director Judith Rees is also chair of the school s Grantham Institute on Climate Change an adviser to the World Bank as well as sitting on the UN Secretary General s advisory board on water and sanitation and the International Scientific Advisory Council ISAC 49 She is also a former convenor of the department of geography and environment and served as deputy director from 1998 to 2004 In February 2016 Calhoun announced his intention to step down at the end of the academic year in order to become president of the Berggruen Institute 50 In September 2016 Bank of England Deputy Governor Dame Nemat Minouche Shafik was announced to replace Professor Julia Black as the school s director Shafik began to lead the LSE in September 2017 51 Following the passage of the University of London Act 2018 the LSE along with other member institutions of the University of London announced in early 2019 that they would seek university status in their own right while remaining part of the federal university 52 Approval of university title was received from the Office for Students in May 2022 and updated Articles of Association formally constituting the school as a university were approved by LSE council 5 July 2022 53 54 Controversies Edit See also London School of Economics Gaddafi links In February 2011 LSE had to face the consequences of matriculating one of Muammar Gaddafi s sons while accepting a 1 5m donation to the university from his family 55 LSE director Howard Davies resigned over allegations about the institution s links to the Libyan regime 56 The LSE announced in a statement that it had accepted his resignation with great regret and that it had set up an external inquiry into the school s relationship with the Libyan regime and Saif al Islam Gaddafi to be conducted by the former lord chief justice Harry Woolf 56 In 2013 the LSE was featured in a BBC Panorama documentary on North Korea filmed inside the repressive regime by undercover journalists attached to a trip by the LSE s Grimshaw Club a student society of the international relations department The trip had been sanctioned by high level North Korean officials 57 58 The trip caused international media attention as a BBC journalist was posing as a part of LSE 59 There was debate as to whether this put the students lives in jeopardy in the repressive regime if a reporter had been exposed 60 The North Korean government made hostile threats towards the students and LSE after the publicity which forced an apology from the BBC 58 In August 2015 it was revealed that the university was paid approximately 40 000 for a glowing report for Camila Batmanghelidjh s charity Kids Company 61 The study was used by Batmanghelidjh to prove that the charity provided good value for money and was well managed The university did not disclose that the study was funded by the charity In the summer of 2017 dozens of campus cleaners contracted via Noonan Services went on weekly strikes protesting outside key buildings and causing significant disruption during end of year examinations 62 The dispute organised by the UVW union was originally over unfair dismissals of cleaners but had escalated into a broad demand for decent employment rights matching those of LSE s in house employees 63 Owen Jones did not cross the picket line after arriving for a debate on grammar schools with Peter Hitchens 64 It was announced in June 2018 that some 200 outsourced workers at the LSE would be offered in house contracts 65 In 2023 the LSE formally cut ties with the LGBT charity Stonewall a decision which was sharply criticized as transphobic by the LSE Student Union but praised by gender critical activists as being conducive to freedom of speech 66 67 The World Turned Upside Down Edit The World Turned Upside Down Taiwan is coloured differently from China A sculpture by Mark Wallinger The World Turned Upside Down which features a globe resting on its north pole was installed in Sheffield Street on the LSE campus on 26 March 2019 The artwork attracted controversy for showing Taiwan as a sovereign state rather than as part of China 68 69 70 Lhasa being denoted as a full capital and depicting boundaries between India and China as recognised internationally The sculpture also did not depict the State of Palestine as a separate country from Israel After protests and reactions from both Chinese and Taiwanese students 71 72 The university decided later that year that it would retain the original design which chromatically displayed the PRC and Taiwan as different entities consistent with the status quo but with the addition of an asterisk beside the name of Taiwan and a corresponding placard that clarified the institution s position regarding the controversy 73 74 Campus and estate Edit Old Building Centre Building opened in 2019 Since 1902 LSE has been based at Clare Market and Houghton Street in Westminster It is surrounded by a number of important institutions including the Royal Courts of Justice all four Inns of Courts Royal College of Surgeons Sir John Soane s Museum and the West End is immediately across Kingsway from campus which also borders the City of London and is within walking distance to Trafalgar Square and the Houses of Parliament 32 Lincoln s Inn Fields houses the Department of Economics and the International Growth Centre In 1920 King George V laid the foundation of the Old Building The campus now occupies an almost continuous group of around 30 buildings between Kingsway and Aldwych Alongside teaching and academic space the institution owns 11 student halls of residence across London a West End theatre the Peacock early years centre NHS medical centre and extensive sports ground in Berrylands south London LSE operates the George IV public house 75 and the students union operates the Three Tuns bar 76 The school s campus is noted for its numerous public art installations which include Richard Wilson s Square the Block 77 Michael Brown s Blue Rain 78 Christopher Le Brun s Desert Window 79 and Turner Prize winner Mark Wallinger s The World Turned Upside Down 80 81 82 Since the early 2000s the campus has undergone an extensive refurbishment project and a major fund raising Campaign for LSE raised over 100 million in what was one of the largest university fund raising exercises outside North America This process began with the 35 million renovation of the British Library of Political and Economic Science by Foster and Partners 83 The New Academic Building houses the LSE Law School In 2003 LSE purchased the former Public Trustee building at 24 Kingsway and engaged Sir Nicholas Grimshaw to redesign it into an ultra modern educational facility at a total cost of over 45 million increasing the size of the campus by 120 000 square feet 11 000 m2 The New Academic Building opened for teaching in October 2008 with an official opening by Her Majesty the Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh on 5 November 2008 84 In November 2009 the school purchased the adjacent Sardinia House to house three academic departments and the nearby Old White Horse public house before acquiring the freehold of the grade II listed Land Registry Building at 32 Lincoln s Inn Fields in October 2010 which was reopened in March 2013 by The Princess Royal as the new home for the Department of Economics International Growth Centre and its associated economic research centres In 2015 LSE brought its ownership of buildings on Lincoln s Inn Fields to six with the purchase of 5 Lincoln s Inn Fields on the north side of the square which has since been converted into faculty accommodation 85 Saw Swee Hock Student Centre Edit The first new campus building for more than 40 years the Saw Swee Hock Student Centre named after the Singaporean statistician and philanthropist opened in January 2014 following an architectural design competition managed by RIBA Competitions 86 87 The building provides accommodation for the LSE Students Union LSE accommodation office and LSE careers service as well as a bar events space gymnasium rooftop terrace learning cafe dance studio and media centre 88 Designed by architectural practice O Donnell and Tuomey the building achieved a BREEAM Outstanding rating for environmental sustainability won multiple awards including the RIBA National Award and London Building of the Year Award and was shortlisted for the Stirling Prize 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 The 16th century Old Curiosity Shop is now owned freehold and managed by the LSE Centre Building Edit The Centre Building situated opposite the British Library of Political and Economic Science opened in June 2019 Designed by Rogers Stirk Harbour and Partners following a RIBA competition the 13 storey building includes 14 seminar rooms seating between 20 and 60 234 study spaces a 200 seater auditorium as well as three lecture theatres 96 The building hosts the School of Public Policy the Departments of Government and International Relations the European Institute and the International Inequalities Institute It includes publicly accessible roof terraces and a renovated square at the centre of campus 97 98 99 The building design was recognised with RIBA s London Award and National Award in 2021 100 101 102 103 Marshall Building Edit The Marshall Building located at 44 Lincoln s Inn Fields opened in January 2022 104 Designed by Grafton Architects and named after British investor Paul Marshall the building houses the Departments of Management Accounting and Finance sports facilities and the Marshall Institute for Philanthropy and Social Entrepreneurship 105 106 107 The site was previously home to the Francis Crick Institute s laboratories which LSE purchased in 2013 108 109 Future expansion Edit LSE Campus as viewed from the terrace of the New Academic Building in January 2018 showing the Centre Building s redevelopment and the demolition of 44 Lincoln s Inn FieldsOn 15 November 2017 LSE announced that it acquired the Nuffield Building at 35 Lincoln s Inn Fields from the Royal College of Surgeons and plans to redevelop the site to host the Firoz Lalji Global Hub the departments of Mathematics Statistics and Methodology the Data Science Institute and conference and executive education facilities The new building will be designed by David Chipperfield Architects 110 111 112 113 114 The George IV a pub owned by LSE Sustainability Edit In 2021 LSE claimed to be the first UK university to be independently verified as carbon neutral which it achieved by funding rainforest trees to offset emissions through the Finnish organisation Oy Compensate 115 116 However LSE omitted some of its emissions in its calculation and thus did not offset all of them While it measured and offset emissions from heating electricity and faculty air travel the school left out other travel related emissions as well as emissions from construction and on campus food LSE plans to offset the remaining emissions scope 1 through 3 by 2050 117 118 119 Organisation and administration EditGovernance Edit Although LSE is a constituent college of the federal University of London it is in many ways comparable with free standing self governing and independently funded universities and it awards its own degrees LSE is incorporated under the Companies Act as a company limited by guarantee and is an exempt charity within the meaning of Schedule Two of the Charities Act 1993 120 The principal governance bodies of the LSE are the LSE Council the Court of Governors the academic board and the director and director s management team 120 The LSE Council is responsible for strategy and its members are company directors of the school It has specific responsibilities in relation to areas including the monitoring of institutional performance finance and financial sustainability audit arrangements estate strategy human resource and employment policy health and safety educational character and mission and student experience The council is supported in carrying out its role by a number of committees that report directly to it 120 The Court of Governors deals with certain constitutional matters and has pre decision discussions on key policy issues and the involvement of individual governors in the school s activities The court has the following formal powers the appointment of members of court its subcommittees and of the council election of the chair and vice chairs of the court and council and honorary fellows of the school the amendment of the memorandum and articles of association and the appointment of external auditors 120 The academic board is LSE s principal academic body and considers all major issues of general policy affecting the academic life of the school and its development It is chaired by the director with staff and student membership and is supported by its own structure of committees The vice chair of the academic board serves as a non director member of the council and makes a termly report to the council 120 President and Vice Chancellor b Edit Sir Walter Adams I G Patel Sir John Ashworth Craig Calhoun The director is the head of LSE and its chief executive officer responsible for executive management and leadership on academic issues The director reports to and is accountable to the council The director is also the accountable officer for the purposes of the Higher Education Funding Council for England Financial Memorandum The LSE s current director is Dame Nemat Shafik who replaced interim director Professor Julia Black on 1 September 2017 The director is supported by four pro directors with designated portfolios education research planning and resources faculty development the school secretary the chief operating officer the chief finance officer and the chief philanthropy and global engagement officer 121 President and Vice Chancellor Directors old Years Name1895 1903 William Hewins1903 1908 Sir Halford Mackinder1908 1919 The Hon William Pember Reeves1919 1937 Lord Beveridge1937 1957 Sir Alexander Carr Saunders1957 1967 Sir Sydney Caine1967 1974 Sir Walter Adams1974 1984 Lord Dahrendorf1984 1990 Indraprasad Gordhanbhai Patel1990 1996 Sir John Ashworth1996 2003 Lord Giddens2003 2011 Sir Howard Davies2011 2012 Dame Judith Rees2012 2016 Craig Calhoun2016 2017 Julia Black2017 present Dame Nemat Shafik 1st President and VC of LSE Titled as director and president 122 Academic departments and institutes Edit LSE s research and teaching is organised into a network of independent academic departments established by the LSE Council the school s governing body on the advice of the academic board the school s senior academic authority There are currently 27 academic departments or institutes Department of Accounting Department of Anthropology Department of Economic History Department of Economics Department of Finance Department of Geography and Environment Department of Gender Studies Department of Health Policy Department of Government Department of International Development Department of International History Department of International Relations Department of Management Department of Mathematics Department of Media and Communications Department of Methodology Department of Philosophy Logic and Scientific Method Department of Psychological and Behavioural Science Department of Social Policy Department of Sociology Department of Statistics European Institute International Inequalities Institute Institute of Public Affairs Language Centre LSE Law School Marshall Institute for Philanthropy and Social Entrepreneurship 123 School of Public Policy Finances Edit The LSE group has an endowment as of 31 July 2016 of 119M and had a total income for 2015 16 excluding donations and endowments of 311M 293M in 2014 15 with expenditure of 307M 2014 15 302M Key sources of income included 177M from tuition fees and education contacts 2014 15 167M 25M from funding council grants 2014 15 22M 32M from research grants 2014 15 27M and 5 3M from investment income 2014 15 4 7M 124 The Times Higher Education Pay Survey 2017 revealed that among larger non specialist institutions LSE professors and academics were the highest paid in the UK with average incomes of 103 886 and 65 177 respectively 125 Endowment Edit The London School of Economics LSE is aiming to increase the size of its endowment fund to more than 1bn which would make it one of the best resourced institutions in the UK and the world The effort was initiated in 2016 by Lord Myners then chairman of the LSE s Council and Court of Governors The plan includes working with wealthy alumni of LSE to make large contributions increasing the annual budget surplus and launching a new widescale alumni donor campaign The plan to grow LSE s endowment to more than 1bn has been continued by Lord Myners successors at the LSE 126 The LSE has stated that currently limited endowment funding constrains our ability to offer needs blind admission to students 124 Academic year Edit LSE continues to adopt a three term structure and has not moved to semesters Michaelmas Term runs from October to mid December Lent Term from mid January to late March and Summer Term from late April to mid June Certain departments operate reading weeks in early November and mid February 127 Logo arms and mascot Edit LSE s red block logo The school s historic coat of arms is used on official documentation including degree certificates and transcripts and includes the motto rerum cognoscere causas a line taken from Virgil s Georgics meaning to know the causes of things together with the school s mascot a beaver Both these symbols adopted in February 1922 continue to be held in high regard to this day with the beaver chosen because of its representation as a hard working and industrious yet sociable animal attributes that the founders hoped LSE students to both possess and aspire to 128 The school s weekly newspaper is still entitled The Beaver Rosebery residence hall s bar is called the Tipsy Beaver and LSE sports teams are known as the Beavers 129 The institution has two sets of colours brand and academic red being the brand colour used on signage publications and in buildings across campus and purple black and gold for academic purposes including presentation ceremonies and graduation dress LSE s present red block logo was adopted as part of a rebrand in the early 2000s before which the school s coat of arms was used exclusively to represent the institution As a trademarked brand it is carefully protected but can be produced in various forms to reflect different requirements 130 In its full form it contains the full name of the institution to the right of the block with a further small empty red square at the end but it is adapted for each academic department or professional service division to provide a cohesive brand across the institution Academic profile EditAdmissions Edit UCAS Admission Statistics 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018Applications a 131 26 625 25 845 22 115 21 255 19 725Accepted a 131 2 150 1 715 2 245 1 705 1 790Applications Accepted Ratio a 12 4 15 1 9 9 12 5 11 0Offer Rate b 132 26 1 21 9 36 5 35 2 34 0Average Entry Tariff 133 n a n a 193 177 168 a b c Main scheme applications International and UK UK domiciled applicantsHESA Student Body Composition 2022 Domicile 134 and Ethnicity 135 TotalBritish White 16 16 British Ethnic Minorities c 19 19 International EU 15 15 International Non EU 50 50 Undergraduate Widening Participation Indicators 136 137 Female 53 53 Independent School 30 30 Low Participation Areas d 7 7 St Clement s Building The LSE received 20 000 applications for 1 600 undergraduate places in 2017 or 12 5 applicants per place 138 All undergraduate applications including international applications are made through UCAS 138 LSE had the 15th highest average entry qualification for undergraduates of any UK university in 2018 19 with new students averaging 168 UCAS points 139 equivalent to A A A or ABBB in A level grades The university gave offers of admission to 37 0 of its applicants in 2015 the 3rd lowest amongst the Russell Group 140 Postgraduate students at the LSE are required to have a first or upper second Class UK honours degree or its foreign equivalent for master s degrees while direct entry to the MPhil PhD programme requires a UK taught master s with merit or foreign equivalent Admission to the diploma requires a UK degree or equivalent plus relevant experience 141 The intake to applications ratio for postgraduate degree programmes is very competitive the MSc Financial Mathematics had a ratio of just over 4 in 2016 142 143 31 6 of LSE s undergraduates are privately educated the ninth highest proportion amongst mainstream British universities 144 In the 2016 17 academic year the university had a domicile breakdown of 33 18 50 of UK EU non EU students respectively with a female to male ratio of 52 47 145 Programmes and degrees Edit LSE is the only university in the United Kingdom dedicated solely to the study and research of social sciences LSE awards a range of academic degrees spanning bachelors masters and PhDs The post nominals awarded are the degree abbreviations used commonly among British universities The school offers over 140 MSc programmes 5 MPA programmes an LLM 30 BSc programmes an LLB 4 BA programmes including International History and Geography and 35 PhD programmes 146 147 Subjects pioneered in Britain by LSE include accountancy and sociology and the school also employed Britain s first full time lecturer in economic history 148 Courses are split across more than thirty research centres and nineteen departments plus a Language Centre 149 Lastly in partnership with the federal University of London LSE oversees 9 BSc programmes as the lead institution which designs the curriculum 150 Students who chose to study online experience the same unique academic experience as on campus they are considered a part of LSE community and they have a variety of options to interact with their university such as the LSE general course 151 John Watkins Plaza at the London School of EconomicsSince programmes are all within the social sciences they closely resemble each other and undergraduate students usually take at least one course module in a subject outside of their degree for their first and second years of study promoting a broader education in the social sciences citation needed At undergraduate level some departments have as few as 90 students across the three years of study citation needed Since September 2010 citation needed it has been compulsory for first year undergraduates to participate in LSE 100 Understanding the Causes of Things alongside normal studies 152 From 1902 following its absorption into the University of London until 2007 all degrees were awarded by the federal university in common with all other colleges of the university This system was changed in 2007 to enable some colleges to award their own degrees citation needed LSE was granted the power to begin awarding its own degrees from July 2008 9 All students entering from the 2007 08 academic year onwards received an LSE degree while students who started before this date were issued University of London degrees 153 154 155 In conjunction with NYU Stern and HEC Paris LSE also offers the TRIUM Executive MBA This was globally ranked third among executive MBAs by the Financial Times in 2016 156 Research Edit In the 2014 Research Excellence Framework LSE had the joint highest percentage of world leading research among research submitted of any institution that entered more than one unit of assessment 157 and was ranked third by cumulative grade point average with a score of 3 35 beating both Oxford and Cambridge 158 It was ranked 23rd in the country for research power by Research Fortnight based on its REF2014 results and 28th in research power by the Times Higher Education 157 159 This followed the Research Assessment Exercise in 2008 where the school was placed second equal nationally on GPA first for fraction of world leading 4 research and fourth for fraction of world leading or internationally excellent 3 and 4 research in LSE s analysis of the results 160 fourth equal for GPA and 29th for research power in Times Higher Education s analysis 157 and 27th in research power by Research Fortnight s analysis 159 According to analysis of the REF 2014 subject results by Times Higher Education the school is the UK s top research university in terms of GPA of research submitted in business and management area studies and communication cultural and media studies library and information management and second in law politics and international studies economics and econometrics and social work and social policy 161 Houghton Street is the centre of the LSE campus Research centres Edit The school houses a number of notable centres including the Centre for the Analysis of Social Exclusion the Centre for Climate Change Economics and Policy the Centre for Macroeconomics Centre for Economic Performance LSE Health and Social Care the Financial Markets Group founded by former Bank of England governor Sir Mervyn King the Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment chaired by Lord Stern LSE Cities the UK Department for International Development funded International Growth Centre and one of the six the UK government backed What Works Centres the What Works Centre for Local Economic Growth The Greater London Group was influential research centre within LSE from the late 1950s on before being subsumed into the LSE London research group 162 LSE Institute of Global Affairs Edit In late 2014 LSE hired Erik Berglof former chief economist and special advisor to the EBRD to establish a new Institute of Global Affairs with seven regional research centres focusing on Africa East Asia Latin America and the Caribbean the Middle East South Asia South East Asia and the United States 163 164 It is joined by the LSE IDEAS think tank which in a global survey conducted by the University of Pennsylvania in 2015 was jointly ranked as world s second best university think tank for the third year running alongside the LSE Public Policy Group after Harvard University s Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs 165 In February 2015 Angelina Jolie and William Hague launched the UK s first academic Centre on Women Peace and Security based at the school The centre aims to contribute to global women s rights issues including the prosecution of war rape and women s engagement in politics through academic research a post graduate teaching program public engagement and collaboration with international organisations 166 167 Furthermore in May 2016 it was announced that Jolie Pitt and Hague would join Jane Connors and Madeleine Rees as visiting professors in practice from September 2016 168 Partnerships Edit LSE has academic partnerships in teaching and research with six universities with Columbia University in New York City and University of California Berkeley in Asia with Peking University in Beijing and the National University of Singapore in Africa with the University of Cape Town and Europe with Sciences Po in Paris 169 Together they offer a range of double or joint degree programmes including an MA in International and World History with Columbia and an MSc in international affairs with Peking University with graduates earning degrees from both institutions 170 The school also offers joint degrees for specific departments with various other universities including Fudan University in Shanghai USC in Los Angeles and a Global Studies programme which is offered with a consortium of four European universities Leipzig Vienna Roskilde and Wroclaw It offers the TRIUM Global Executive MBA programme 171 jointly with Stern School of Business of New York University and HEC School of Management Paris It is divided into six modules held in five international business locations over a 16 month period LSE also offers a Dual Master of Public Administration MPA with Global Public Policy Network schools such as Sciences Po Paris 172 the Hertie School of Governance and National University of Singapore and a duel MPA Master of Global Affairs MGA degree with the University of Toronto s Munk School of Global Affairs 173 The school also runs exchange programmes with a number of international business schools through the Global Master s in Management programme and an undergraduate student exchange programme with the University of California Berkeley in Political Science LSE is the only UK member school in the CEMS Alliance and the LSE Global Master s in Management is the only programme in the UK to offer the CEMS Master s in International Management CEMS MIM as a double degree option allowing students to study at one of 34 CEMS partner universities 174 175 It also participates in Key Action 1 of the European Union wide Erasmus programme encouraging staff and student mobility for teaching although not the other Key Actions in the programme 176 The school is a member of the Association of Commonwealth Universities the European University Association 177 the G5 the Global Alliance in Management Education the Russell Group and Universities UK 178 and is sometimes considered part of the Golden Triangle of universities in south east England along with the University of Oxford the University of Cambridge University College London Imperial College London and King s College London 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 LSE s European Institute offers a Double Degree in European and International Public Policy and Politics with Bocconi University in Milan 186 Libraries and archives Edit This section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed January 2017 Learn how and when to remove this template message The interior of the main LSE library designed by Norman Foster Main articles British Library of Political and Economic Science Women s Library and LSE Shaw Library LSE s main library the British Library of Political and Economic Science is located in the Lionel Robbins Building which reopened in 2001 following a two year renovation by Foster and Partners Founded in 1896 it is the world s largest library dedicated to social sciences and the United Kingdom s national social sciences library 187 188 Its collections are recognised for their national and international significance and hold Designation status by the Museums Libraries and Archives Council MLA 189 The library welcomes 1 8 million visits per year by students staff and the public and contains over 4 million print volumes 60 000 online journals and 29 000 electronic books 190 The Digital Library contains digitised material from LSE Library collections and also born digital material that has been collected and preserved in digital formats 191 The Women s Library Britain s main library and archive on women and the women s movement is located in a purpose built facility with a reading room and exhibition space in the Lionel Robbins Building The library relocated from London Metropolitan University in 2014 192 193 194 195 196 The Shaw Library housed in the Founders Room in the Old Building contains the school s collection of fiction and general readings It functions as a general purpose reading and common room and hosts lunchtime music concerts press launches and the Fabian Window which was unveiled by Prime Minister Tony Blair in 2006 197 198 Several subject specific libraries exist at LSE including the Seligman Library for Anthropology the Himmelweit Library for Social Psychology the Leverhulme Library for Statistics the Robert McKenzie Library for Sociology the Michael Wise Library for Geography and the Gender Institute Library Additionally LSE staff and some students are permitted to access and borrow items from Senate House Library the SOAS Library and select institutions through the SCONUL Access scheme 199 200 201 LSE Summer School Edit The original LSE Summer School was established in 1989 and has since expanded to offer over 70 three week courses in accounting finance economics English language international relations government law and management each July and August 202 It is advertised as the largest and one of the most well established university Summer Schools of its kind in Europe 203 In recent years the school has expanded its summer schools both abroad and into executive education with the LSE PKU Summer School in Beijing run with Peking University the LSE UCT July School in Cape Town run with the University of Cape Town and the Executive Summer School at its London campus In 2011 it also launched a Methods Summer Programme Together these courses welcome over 5 000 participants from over 130 countries and some of the top colleges and universities around the world as well as professionals from several multinational institutions Participants are housed in LSE halls of residence or their overseas equivalents and the Summer School provides a full social programme including guest lectures and receptions 204 Public lectures Edit Nelson Mandela arriving at LSE in 2000 to deliver a public lecture Public lectures hosted by LSE Events office are open to students alumni and the general public As well as leading academics and commentators speakers frequently include prominent national and international figures such as ambassadors CEOs Members of Parliament and heads of state A number of these are broadcast live around the world via the school s website 205 LSE organises over 200 public events every year 206 Recent when prominent speakers have included Kofi Annan Ben Bernanke Tony Blair Gordon Brown David Cameron Noam Chomsky Bill Clinton Philip Craven Niall Ferguson Vicente Fox Milton Friedman Muammar Gaddafi Julia Gillard Alan Greenspan Tenzin Gyatso Lee Hsien Loong Boris Johnson David Harvey Jean Tirole Angelina Jolie Paul Krugman Dmitri Medvedev Mario Monti George Osborne Robert Peston Sebastian Pinera Kevin Rudd Jeffrey Sachs Gerhard Schroeder Carlos D Mesa Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva Aung San Suu Kyi Amartya Sen George Soros and Rowan Williams Previously the school has hosted figures including Nelson Mandela and Margaret Thatcher 207 There are also a number of annual lecture series hosted by various departments These include but are not limited to the Malinowski Memorial Lectures hosted by the department of anthropology the Lionel Robbins Memorial Lectures and the Ralph Miliband programme 208 Publishing Edit In 2018 the university launched LSE Press in partnership with Ubiquity Press This is intended to publish open access journals and books in the social sciences The first journal to be published by the press was the Journal of Illicit Economies and Development edited by John Collins executive director of LSE s International Drug Policy Unit The press is managed through the LSE Library 209 Rankings and reputation Edit RankingsNational rankingsComplete 2023 210 3Guardian 2023 211 4Times Sunday Times 2023 212 4Global rankingsARWU 2022 213 101 150QS 2023 214 56THE 2023 215 37LSE is ranked third in the UK in the Complete University Guide 2022 216 fifth in the Times Sunday Times Good University Guide 2022 and fifth in The Guardian University Guide 2021 211 The QS World University Rankings for 2023 rankings saw the LSE placed 56th among the world s universities 214 The 2023 Times Higher Education World University Rankings ranked LSE 37th globally 215 On the other hand Academic Ranking of World Universities for 2022 ranked LSE in the 151 200 range 213 While the 2022 U S News amp World Report Best Global Universities 2022 ranked LSE s social science and economics programs highly overall it ranked LSE 230th globally 217 In terms of specific subject areas the QS World University Rankings by Subject 2020 ranks the LSE second in the world in economics amp social sciences and management and 20th for arts and humanities while for individual subjects it is ranked second for geography third for communication and media studies social policy and administration and sociology in the top ten for accounting and finance anthropology business and management studies development studies economics and econometrics history law and legal studies philosophy and politics and in the top 50 for psychology and statistics and operational research 218 Times Higher Education s subject rankings for 2021 place LSE 7th for business and economics 8th for social sciences 10th for law 17th equal for psychology 21st for arts and humanities and in the 251 300 range for physical sciences 219 U S News amp World Report ranked LSE 7th globally for economics 34th for social sciences 57th for arts and humanities 141st equal for psychiatry psychology and 212th equal for public environmental and occupational health 217 According to data released by the Department for Education in 2018 LSE was rated as the best university for boosting graduate earnings with male graduates seeing a 47 2 increase in earnings and female graduates seeing a 38 2 increase in earnings compared to the average graduate 220 According to Wealth X and UBS s Billionaire Census in 2014 LSE ranked 10th in the list of 20 schools that have produced the most billionaire alumni 221 The LSE was the only UK university to make the list In the 2020 National Student Survey LSE came 64th out of 154 for overall student satisfaction 222 The LSE had scored well below its benchmark on this measure in previous years coming 145th out of 148 in 2017 223 224 The increase in student satisfaction in 2020 led to a climb of 14 places to fifth in the 2021 Guardian ranking 225 Student life Edit LSE students revising in Lincoln s Inn Fields Student body Edit In the 2015 16 academic year there were 10 833 full time students and around 700 part time students at the university Of these approximately 7 500 came from outside the United Kingdom approximately 70 of the total student body making LSE a highly international school with over 160 countries represented 226 LSE had more countries represented by students than the UN 227 32 of LSE s students come from Asia 10 from North America 2 each from South America and Africa Combined over 100 languages are spoken at LSE 228 Over half of LSE s students are postgraduates 229 and there is approximately an equal split between genders with 51 male and 49 female students 229 Alumni total over 160 000 covering over 190 countries with more than 80 active alumni groups 11 Students Union Edit Main article LSE Students Union The logo of LSE Students Union The LSE Students Union LSESU is affiliated to the National Union of Students and is responsible for campaigning and lobbying the school on behalf of students as well providing student support and the organisation and undertaking of entertainment events and student societies It is often regarded as the most politically active in Britain a reputation it has held since the well documented LSE student riots in 1966 67 and 1968 69 230 231 which made international headlines In 2015 the school was awarded the top spot for student nightlife by The Guardian newspaper 232 due in part to its central location and provision of over 200 societies 40 sports clubs a Raising and Giving RAG branch and a thriving media group In 2013 the union moved into a purpose built new building the Saw Swee Hock Student Centre on the Aldwych campus 233 A weekly student newspaper The Beaver is published each Tuesday during term time and is amongst the oldest student newspapers in the country It sits alongside a radio station Pulse which has existed since 1999 and a television station LooSE Television since 2005 The Clare Market Review one of Britain s oldest student publications was revived in 2008 234 Over 150 000 is raised for charity each year through the RAG Raising and Giving the fundraising arm of the Students Union 235 which was started in 1980 by then Student Union Entertainments Officer and former New Zealand MP Tim Barnett 236 Sporting activity is coordinated by the LSE Athletics Union which is a constituent of British Universities amp Colleges Sport BUCS 234 Student housing Edit Northumberland House LSE owns or operates 10 halls of residence in and around central London and there are also two halls owned by urbanest and five intercollegiate halls shared with other constituent colleges of the University of London within a 3 mile radius of the school for a total of over 4 000 places 237 Most residences take both undergraduates and postgraduates although Carr Saunders Hall and Passfield Hall are undergraduate only and Butler s Wharf Residence Grosvenor House and Lillian Knowles House are reserved for postgraduates Sidney Webb House managed by Unite Students takes postgraduates and continuing students 238 There are also flats available on Anson and Carleton roads which are reserved for students with children 239 The school guarantees accommodation for all first year undergraduate students and many of the school s larger postgraduate population are also catered for with some specific residences available for postgraduate living 240 Whilst none of the residences are located at the Aldwych campus the closest Grosvenor House is within a five minute walk from the school in Covent Garden whilst the farthest residences Nutford and Butler s Wharf are approximately forty five minutes by Tube or Bus Each residence accommodates a mixture of students both home and international male and female and usually undergraduate and postgraduate New undergraduate students including General Course students occupy approximately 55 of all spaces with postgraduates taking approximately 40 and continuing students about 5 of places 240 Grosvenor House Studios The largest LSE student residence Bankside House a refurbished early 1950s office block and former headquarters of the Central Electricity Generating Board 241 opened to students in 1996 and is fully catered accommodating 617 students across eight floors overlooking the River Thames It is located behind the Tate Modern art gallery on the south bank of the river 242 243 The second largest residence the High Holborn Residence in High Holborn was opened in 1995 and is approximately 10 minutes walk from the main campus It is self catering accommodating 447 students in flats of four our five bedrooms with shared facilities 244 Notable people EditFor a more comprehensive list see List of people associated with the London School of Economics Clement Attlee Prime Minister of the United Kingdom 1945 1951 Jomo Kenyatta President of Kenya 1964 1978 Mwai Kibaki 3rd President of Kenya 2002 2013 Romano Prodi Prime Minister of Italy 1996 1998 2006 2008 and President of the European Commission 1999 2004 B R Ambedkar Member of the Constituent Assembly of India 1946 1950 and Chairman of the Drafting Committee of the Constitution of India 1947 1950 Pierre Trudeau Prime Minister of Canada 1968 1979 1980 1984 Lee Kuan Yew note 1 Prime Minister of Singapore 1959 1990 Queen Margrethe II of Denmark note 2 1972 present Kim Campbell Prime Minister of Canada 1993 Heinrich Bruning Chancellor of Germany 1930 1932 Karl Popper reader in logic and scientific method at the LSE George Soros billionaire investor philanthropist and political activist Tsai Ing wen President of Republic of China 2016 present Tony Fernandes chief executive officer of the low cost carrier AirAsia Carlo Cottarelli Director of the Financial Bureau of the International Monetary Fund 2008 2013 Kamisese Mara founding father and Prime Minister of Fiji 1970 1987 1987 1992 Sher Bahadur Deuba Prime Minister of Nepal 1995 1997 2001 2002 2004 2005 2017 2018 2021 present Ursula von der Leyen note 3 President of the European Commission 2019 present Anthony Kennedy Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States 1988 2018 spent a year at the LSE Sheikh Hamdan Mohammed Bin Mohammed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum Crown Prince of Dubai and Chairman of Dubai Executive Council 2006 Present LSE has a long list of notable alumni and staff spanning the fields of scholarship provided by the school 245 The school has over 50 fellows of the British Academy on its staff while other notable former staff members include Brian Barry Maurice Cranston Anthony Giddens Harold Laski Ralph Miliband Michael Oakeshott A W Philips Karl Popper Lionel Robbins Susan Strange Bob Ward and Charles Webster Mervyn King the former Governor of the Bank of England is also a former professor of economics Of the current 9 members of the Bank of England Monetary Policy Committee the following 5 have affiliation to the LSE Jonathan Haskel alumni Michael Saunders alumni Gertjan Vlieghe alumni Silvana Tenereyro current professor of economics and Governor Andrew Bailey former Research Officer In the political arena notable alumni and staff include 53 past or present heads of state 20 members of the current British House of Commons and 46 members of the current House of Lords Former British Prime Minister Clement Attlee taught at the school from 1912 to 1923 In recent British politics former LSE students include Virginia Bottomley Yvette Cooper Edwina Currie Frank Dobson Margaret Hodge Robert Kilroy Silk former UK Labour Party leader Ed Miliband and former UK Liberal Democrats leader Jo Swinson Internationally the current and first female president of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen Brazilian defence minister Celso Amorim Costa Rican President oscar Arias former Japanese Prime Minister Taro Aso Queen Margrethe II of Denmark architect of the Indian Constitution and eminent economist B R Ambedkar President of India K R Narayanan President of the Republic of China Taiwan Tsai Ing wen Italian prime minister and president of the European Commission Romano Prodi French Foreign Minister and president of the Constitutional Council Roland Dumas 246 as well as Singapore s deputy prime minister and chairman of the International Monetary and Financial Committee at the International Monetary Fund IMF Tharman Shanmugaratnam all studied at LSE A notable number of LSE students have also played a role in the Barack Obama administration including Pete Rouse Peter R Orszag Mona Sutphen Paul Volcker and Jason Furman 247 Physician Vanessa Kerry and American journalist Susan Rasky are also alumnae of the LSE Notable American Monica Lewinsky pursued her MSc in Social Psychology at the LSE Business people who studied at LSE include the CEO of AirAsia Tony Fernandes former CEO of General Motors Daniel Akerson director of Louis Vuitton Delphine Arnault founder of easyJet Stelios Haji Ioannou CEO of Abercrombie amp Fitch Michael S Jeffries Greek business magnate Spiros Latsis American banker David Rockefeller CEO of Newsmax Media Christopher Ruddy founder of advertising agency Saatchi and Saatchi Maurice Saatchi hedge fund managers George Soros and Michael Platt and Andreas Utermann former CEO of Allianz Global Investors A survey by employment specialists Emolument com found that it on average took LSE graduates 11 6 years in the workforce to begin earning base salaries in excess of 500 000 the shortest timespan of any university in the United Kingdom 248 Convicted British terrorist Omar Saeed Sheikh studied statistics at LSE but did not graduate He served five years in an Indian prison for kidnapping British tourists in 1994 In 2002 he was arrested and convicted in the kidnapping and murder of Daniel Pearl The Guardian reported that Sheikh came into contact with radical Islamists at the LSE 249 Nobel laureates Edit For a more comprehensive list see List of Nobel laureates affiliated with the London School of Economics As of 2019 18 Nobel Prizes in economics peace and literature are officially recognised as having been awarded to LSE alumni and staff 245 Leonid Hurwicz Nobel laureate in Economics studied at LSE with Nicholas Kaldor and Hayek Ronald Coase awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1991 Christopher A Pissarides awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics in 2010 currently Regius Professor of Economics at LSE Amartya Sen Indian economist former professor and Nobel laureate Juan Manuel Santos former president of Colombia and recipient of the 2016 Nobel Peace PrizeLSE in literature and other media EditThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed October 2021 Learn how and when to remove this template message The LSE has been mentioned and formed the basis of setting for numerous works of fiction and in popular culture The first notable mention of the LSE was in literature was in the epilogue to Bernard Shaw s 1912 play Pygmalion Eliza Dolittle is sent to the LSE In around a dozen other novels the LSE was mentioned as short hand for a character being witty and clever but outside the establishment This is best exhibited by Ian Fleming s CV of James Bond that included the detail that his father Andrew is an LSE graduate These occurrences have continued into contemporary fiction Lenny is the young hip LSE graduate and criminologist in Jake Arnott s tour of the London underworld in The Long Firm Robert Harris Enigma includes Baxter a code breaker with leftist views who has been an LSE lecturer before the war and My Revolutions by Hari Kunzru traces the career of Chris Carver aka Michael Frame who travels from LSE student radical to terrorist and on to middle England Former LSE alumnus Hilary Mantel in The Experience of Love never mentions LSE by name but Houghton Street the corridors of the LSE Old Building and Wright s Bar are immediately recognisable references to the campus of the school A S Byatt s The Children s Book returns to LSE s Fabian roots with a plot inspired in part by the life of children s writer E Nesbitt and Fabian Hubert Bland and characters that choose LSE over older educational establishments namely Oxford and Cambridge On the small screen the popular 1980s British sitcom Yes Minister and Yes Prime Minister make a regular references to the LSE with Minister Jim Hacker later Prime Minister and Sir Mark Spencer special advisor to the Prime Minister regularly being subtly ridiculed for having attended the LSE A slightly earlier fictional LSE graduate appears in season three episode six of the US series Mad Men The popular American series The West Wing following the Democratic administration of Josiah Jed Barltet makes several references to Josiah Bartlet being an alumnus of the LSE Other fictional LSE alumnus are present in Spooks at least one episode of The Professionals and The Blacklist series In movies and motion pictures in the 2014 action spy thriller Shadow Recruit the young Jack Ryan based on a Tom Clancy character proves his academic credentials by walking out of the Old Building as he graduates from the London School of Economics before injuring his spine being shot down in Afghanistan The LSE is acknowledged in The Social Network naming the institution along with Oxford and Cambridge Universities in a reference to the rapid growth Facebook enjoyed both within and outside the United States in its early years See also EditArmorial of UK universities List of universities in the UKNotes Edit The head of the LSE is Director The post of Director is renamed to President and Vice Chancellor recently in the year 2023 The head of the LSE is Director The post of Director is renamed to President and Vice Chancellor recently in the year 2023 Includes those who indicate that they identify as Asian Black Mixed Heritage Arab or any other ethnicity except White Calculated from the Polar4 measure using Quintile1 in England and Wales Calculated from the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation SIMD measure using SIMD20 in Scotland Attended only for a term did not graduate Attended did not graduate Attended did not graduate References Edit a b c Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2022 PDF London School of Economics p 30 Retrieved 18 January 2023 Council London School of Economics Retrieved 2 August 2022 Who s working in HE Higher Education Statistics Agency Who s working in HE Higher Education Statistics Agency Staff numbers by HE provider Retrieved 1 March 2020 a b c Where do HE students study Higher Education Statistics Agency Retrieved 1 March 2020 Woolen Scarf with Crest Embroidery LSE Students Union Archived from the original on 16 January 2017 Retrieved 15 January 2017 About LSE Press Retrieved 20 May 2018 Beginnings LSE The Founders PDF Lse ac uk Archived from the original PDF on 12 December 2014 Retrieved 18 January 2016 a b Academic dress The London School of Economics and Political Science Retrieved 21 May 2021 Since the granting of its own degree awarding powers in July 2008 students have worn LSE specific gowns Susan Liautaud Chair s Blog Summer Term 2022 Retrieved 12 December 2022 a b c About LSE Key facts London School of Economics Archived from the original on 30 November 2016 Retrieved 12 October 2018 World ranked universities with the most international students Times Higher Education 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s new Infrastructure Commission Centre for Economic Performance 5 October 2015 Retrieved 26 May 2021 Professor Ricky Burdett Commissioner A Retrieved 9 December 2013 Judith Rees Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment London School of Economics and Political Science Retrieved 26 May 2021 Thompson Jennifer 3 February 2016 LSE president to leave post early for US Financial Times Bray Chad 12 September 2016 Deputy Governor of Bank of England to Lead London School of Economics The New York Times UCL statement on University of London Act 2018 University College London 11 March 2019 Retrieved 2 August 2022 Susan Liautaud Chair s Blog Summer Term 2022 London School of Economics Retrieved 2 August 2022 Articles of Association PDF London School of Economics 5 July 2022 Retrieved 2 August 2022 Owen Jonathan 27 February 2011 LSE embroiled in row over authorship of Gaddafi s son s PhD thesis and a 1 5m gift to university s coffers The Independent London a b Vasagar Jeevan Syal Rajeev 4 March 2011 LSE head quits over Gaddafi scandal The Guardian UK BBC Panorama news documentary sent undercover reporter to North Korea with students News com au 15 April 2013 Retrieved 18 January 2016 a b Tara Conlan BBC to apologise to LSE over John Sweeney s North Korea documentary The Guardian Retrieved 18 January 2016 Josh Halliday Students say LSE has placed them at more risk from North Korea The Guardian Retrieved 18 January 2016 Sinha Kounteya 18 April 2013 North Korea sends threats to LSE students The Times of India Retrieved 18 January 2016 London School of Economics was paid 40 000 for glowing report on Kids Company Times Higher Education 12 August 2015 Justice for the LSE Cleaners Engenderings 14 November 2016 Retrieved 27 February 2019 Jones Owen 25 May 2017 The courage of the LSE s striking cleaners can give us all hope Owen Jones The Guardian ISSN 0261 3077 Retrieved 27 February 2019 Left wing columnist Owen Jones snubs LSE debate in solidarity with striking cleaners International Business Times UK 18 May 2017 Retrieved 27 February 2019 Rebellion at the LSE a cleaning sector inquiry Notes From Below Retrieved 27 February 2019 Somerville Ewan University that launched Britain s first Pride march cuts ties with Stonewall Armstrong John LSE is right to cut ties with Stonewall Martin Bailey April 5 2019 Wallinger s upside down globe outside LSE angers Chinese students for portraying Taiwan as an independent state The Art Newspaper Chung Lawrence 4 April 2019 Taipei complains about London university s decision to alter artwork and portray Taiwan as part of China scmp com South China Morning Post Retrieved 5 April 2019 O Connor Tom 26 March 2019 CHINA DESTROYS 30 000 WORLD MAPS SHOWING PROBLEMATIC BORDERS OF TAIWAN AND INDIA newsweek com Newsweek Retrieved 5 April 2019 Taiwan Foreign Minister writes open letter protesting LSE s decision to change depiction of Taiwan on sculpture Retrieved 7 April 2019 Parker Charlie London School of Economics in a world of trouble over globe artwork The Times Retrieved 7 April 2019 Lin Chia nan 11 July 2019 Ministry lauds LSE for globe color decision Taipei Times Taiwan still distinct from China but given asterisk on LSE art work Focus Taiwan 10 July 2019 Restaurants and cafes on campus info lse ac uk Retrieved 22 April 2020 Food and drink London School of Economics and Political Science Retrieved 26 May 2021 LSE unveils new Richard Wilson sculpture Square the Block London School of Economics and Political Science London School of Economics Archived from the original on 19 July 2020 Retrieved 8 December 2013 Blue Rain at LSE London School of Economics and Political Science London School of Economics and Political Science Archived from the original on 12 December 2013 Retrieved 8 December 2013 Stained Glass Window Christopher Le Brun s Sacred Desert Window London School of Economics and Political Science London School of Economics Retrieved 26 May 2021 Science London School of Economics and Political The World Turned Upside Down LSE unveils new sculpture by Mark Wallinger London School of Economics and Political Science Retrieved 30 March 2022 Society Contemporary Art 26 March 2019 The World Turned Upside Down LSE unveils new sculpture by Mark Wallinger managed by CAS Consultancy Contemporary Art Society Retrieved 30 March 2022 Turner Prize winner Mark Wallinger unveils new public work The World Turned Upside Down www itsnicethat com Retrieved 30 March 2022 www fosterandpartners com Foster Partners New British Library of Political and Economic Science at the LSE Opens Foster Partners www fosterandpartners com Retrieved 30 March 2022 New Academic Building London School of Economics and Political Science London School of Economics Archived from the original on 25 September 2012 Retrieved 24 August 2012 5 Lincoln s Inn Fields faculty accommodation info lse ac uk Retrieved 22 January 2018 Saw Swee Hock Student Centre info lse ac uk Retrieved 30 March 2022 Science London School of Economics and Political In Memoriam Professor Saw Swee Hock 1931 2021 London School of Economics and Political Science Retrieved 30 March 2022 Saw Swee Hock Student Centre London School of Economics and Political Science London School of Economics Retrieved 26 May 2021 LSE Saw Swee Hock Center Urban Systems Design MEP amp Environmental Engineers Retrieved 30 March 2022 Saw Swee Hock Student Centre LSE BREEAM Sustainability Assessment Method 20 September 2016 Retrieved 30 March 2022 In the news info lse ac uk Retrieved 30 March 2022 SAW Awards info lse ac uk Retrieved 30 March 2022 RIBA London Awards 2014 RIBA Archived from the original on 12 May 2014 Retrieved 9 May 2014 Riba Stirling Prize 2014 Saw Swee Hock Student Centre BBC News 9 October 2014 Retrieved 30 March 2022 Merrick Jay 13 October 2014 Riba Stirling Prize LSE s Saw Swee Hock Student Centre makes art of even the humblest of buildings The Independent Retrieved 30 March 2022 Carpenter Scott 21 May 2019 Centre Buildings Redevelopment set to open on schedule in June The Beaver Online Archived from the original on 6 July 2019 Retrieved 23 August 2019 Centre Building CBG info lse ac uk Retrieved 29 March 2022 Centre Buildings Redevelopment CBR info lse ac uk Retrieved 23 August 2019 Rogers Stirk Harbour Partners selected to design LSE s New Global Centre for the Social Sciences London School of Economics London School of Economics Archived from the original on 12 December 2013 Retrieved 8 December 2013 RIBA 30 March 2022 Centre Building at LSE www architecture com Retrieved 30 March 2022 Science London School of Economics and Political 10 September 2021 LSE s Centre Building named one of UK s best new buildings by RIBA London School of Economics and Political Science Retrieved 30 March 2022 CBG Awards info lse ac uk Retrieved 30 March 2022 Ravenscroft Tom 8 September 2021 RIBA reveals UK s best buildings for 2021 Dezeen Retrieved 30 March 2022 Science London School of Economics and Political 29 March 2022 The Marshall Building info lse ac uk Retrieved 29 March 2022 Moore Rowan 20 March 2022 The Marshall Building London review brutalist brilliance The Observer Retrieved 29 March 2022 LSE announces The Marshall Institute for Philanthropy and Social Entrepreneurship London School of Economics and Political Science Archived from the original on 5 September 2018 Retrieved 22 January 2018 Wainwright Oliver 31 January 2022 A vortex of thinking inside the LSE s brawny brainy new building The Guardian Retrieved 29 March 2022 The Marshall Building location info lse ac uk Retrieved 30 March 2022 Bourke Joanna 23 August 2013 LSE buys Midtown block EG Radius Retrieved 30 March 2022 Science London School of Economics and Political LSE and Royal College of Surgeons announce completion of purchase of Nuffield Building London School of Economics and Political Science Retrieved 22 January 2018 Dunton Jim 16 February 2022 LSE reveals shortlist for 100m Lincoln s Inn Fields project Building 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Regional Innovation North of England UK OECD 2008 p 222 ISBN 9789264048942 The Golden Triangle of the universities of Oxford and Cambridge Imperial College and University College of London Names Oxford Cambridge UCL and Imperial but not LSE Clark Paul 1 March 2002 The golden triangle holds the secret Times Higher Education Suppose for the sake of argument that the four institutions comprising the golden triangle Cambridge Imperial College Oxford and University College London elect not to receive their block Higher Education Funding Council for England grant for teaching Names Oxford Cambridge UCL and Imperial but not LSE London top city in global university rankings BBC News 3 October 2013 Retrieved 26 February 2014 Names Oxford Cambridge UCL Imperial King s and LSE LSE Bocconi Double Degree in European and International Public Policy and Politics London School of Economics Retrieved 15 March 2022 Science London School of Economics and Political History of LSE Library London School of 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March 2022 A new home for The Women s Library London Metropolitan University www londonmet ac uk Retrieved 11 March 2021 L Ailsa says LSEWomen Charlotte Shaw s LSE legacy the Shaw Library LSE History Retrieved 30 March 2022 Walker Andrew 28 April 2006 Wit wisdom and windows BBC News Retrieved 30 March 2022 Membership University of London Retrieved 30 March 2022 University of London SOAS Library SOAS University of London www soas ac uk Retrieved 30 March 2022 Science London School of Economics and Political Using the space and facilities London School of Economics and Political Science Retrieved 30 March 2022 Courses London School of Economics Retrieved 1 June 2021 Summer School Programmes in London Study London Official University Guide 12 September 2016 Archived from the original on 24 September 2016 Retrieved 23 September 2016 Summer schools London School of Economics Retrieved 1 June 2021 LSE Events Retrieved 1 June 2021 LSE Player London School of Economics Retrieved 1 June 2021 Public Lectures LSE Digital Library digital library lse ac uk Public Lectures LSE Digital Library digital library lse ac uk LSE launches open access publishing platform LSE 16 May 2018 Retrieved 27 July 2019 Complete University Guide 2023 The Complete University Guide 5 July 2022 a b Guardian University Guide 2023 The Guardian 24 September 2022 Good University Guide 2023 The Times 17 September 2022 a b Academic Ranking of World Universities 2022 Shanghai Ranking Consultancy 15 August 2022 a b QS World University Rankings 2023 Quacquarelli Symonds Ltd 8 June 2022 a b THE World University Rankings 2023 Times Higher Education 12 October 2022 University League Table 2022 Complete University Guide Retrieved 28 June 2021 a b London School of Economics and Political Science U S News amp World Report Retrieved 21 October 2020 QS World University Rankings by Subject 2020 Topuniversities com QS Quacquarelli Symonds Retrieved 26 February 2021 London School of Economics and Political Science Times Higher Education Retrieved 26 February 2021 Undergraduate degrees relative labour market returns Table 7 HEI conditional impact on earnings five years after graduation Department for Education Retrieved 17 December 2018 Top 20 colleges with most billionaire alumni 16 September 2014 Retrieved 17 September 2014 National Student Survey 2020 overall satisfaction results The Student Times Higher Education 15 July 2020 Retrieved 26 February 2021 National Student Survey 2017 overall satisfaction results Times Higher Education 9 August 2017 Retrieved 27 October 2018 Turner Camilla 9 August 2017 Two of Britain s leading universities fall well below benchmark for student satisfaction survey finds The Daily Telegraph Archived from the original on 11 January 2022 Retrieved 27 October 2018 LSE rises up the rankings LSE 7 September 2020 Retrieved 26 February 2021 Students and Staff London School of Economics Archived from the original on 11 October 2012 Retrieved 24 August 2012 The London School of Economics and Political Science University of London moveonnet Moveonnet eu Archived from the original on 6 February 2016 Retrieved 18 January 2016 LSE at a glance London School of Economics Retrieved 6 January 2017 a b LSE at a glance London School of Economics Retrieved 1 June 2021 Wilkins Lucy 31 May 2007 LSE Student Protests BBC News Retrieved 6 January 2010 On This Day LSE Student Protests BBC News 13 March 1967 Retrieved 6 January 2010 The London School of Economics why is it the best uni for nightlife The Guardian Retrieved 18 January 2016 Saw Swee Hock Student Centre London School of Economics Archived from the original on 12 December 2013 Retrieved 9 December 2013 a b Students Union Archived from the original on 18 January 2017 Retrieved 16 January 2017 RAG Retrieved 16 January 2017 LSE Students Union Guide 2009 10 p 7 Student accommodation Retrieved 1 June 2021 Sidney Webb House London School of Economics Residential halls at a glance Retrieved 16 January 2017 a b After you have applied for accommodation Retrieved 16 January 2017 LSE granted planning permission for Bankside House redevelopment 2012 Around LSE archives Around LSE News and media Website archive Home London School of Economics 4 January 2012 Archived from the original on 11 October 2018 Bankside House Retrieved 1 June 2021 LSE plans expansion of Bankside House student residence london se1 co uk 21 March 2011 Retrieved 6 April 2017 High Holborn Residence Retrieved 1 June 2021 a b LSE People Retrieved 16 January 2017 Roland Dumas www fayard fr 4 June 2013 Obama s LSE alumni 2009 London School of Economics Archived from the original on 14 November 2011 Retrieved 23 October 2011 Which UK universities breed the most successful business leaders www emolument com Retrieved 24 April 2021 Jeffery Simon 15 July 2002 Omar Sheikh The path from public school in London to Pakistan s death row The Guardian London Retrieved 19 January 2015 Further reading EditDahrendorf Ralf 1995 LSE A History of the London School of Economics and Political Science 1895 1995 Oxford Oxford University Press pp xx 584 ISBN 0198202407 Determined Challengers Keep Heat on the Elite The Times Higher Education Supplement 28 October 2005 1969 LSE closes over student clashes BBC News IDEAS Research Assessment UK top 20 of Departments amp World top 5 of Departments IDEAS University of Connecticut Top 20 UK institutions External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to London School of Economics Official website Catalogue of the archives of LSE Memorandum about the school by William Beveridge 1935 Catalogue of School minute books 1894 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title London School of Economics amp oldid 1139341169, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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