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Wikipedia

Hello Kitty

Hello Kitty (Japanese: ハロー・キティ, Hepburn: Harō Kiti),[6] also known by her full name Kitty White (キティ・ホワイト, Kiti Howaito),[5] is a fictional character created by Yuko Shimizu, currently designed by Yuko Yamaguchi, and owned by the Japanese company Sanrio.[7][8][9] Sanrio depicts Hello Kitty as an anthropomorphized white cat with a red bow and no visible mouth.[10][11] According to her backstory, she lives in a London suburb with her family, and is close to her twin sister Mimmy, who is depicted with a yellow bow.[5][12]

Hello Kitty
Sanrio character
Hello Kitty
First appearanceMarch 1975 (created 1974)
Created byYuko Shimizu
Voiced byMegumi Hayashibara (1990–present), others[a]
Full nameKitty White[5]
In-universe information
SpeciesAnthropomorphic cat
GenderFemale
FamilyMimmy (twin sister)
George (father)
Mary (mother)
Anthony (grandfather)
Margaret (grandmother)
Charmmy Kitty (pet cat)
Dear Daniel (boyfriend)
NationalityBritish

Hello Kitty was created in 1974 and the first item, a vinyl coin purse, was introduced in 1975.[13][14] Originally Hello Kitty was only marketed towards pre-teenage girls, but beginning in the 1990s, the brand found commercial success among teenage and adult consumers as well.[15] Hello Kitty's popularity also grew with the emergence of kawaii (cute) culture.[16] The brand went into decline in Japan after the 1990s, but continued to grow in the international market.[17] By 2010 the character was worth $5 billion a year and The New York Times called her a "global marketing phenomenon".[17] By 2014, when Hello Kitty was 40 years old, she was worth about $8 billion a year.[18]

UNICEF has appointed Hello Kitty children's ambassador and the Japanese government appointed her ambassador of tourism.[15] There are Sanrio theme parks based on Hello Kitty: Harmonyland in Hiji, Ōita, Japan,[19] Sanrio Puroland in Tama New Town, Tokyo, Japan, and Hello Kitty Shanghai Times in Shanghai, China.[20] The Hello Kitty media franchise has grown to include a number of animated series targeted towards children, as well as several manga comics, anime films, video games, books, music albums and other media productions. A variety of products have featured the character over the years, like school supplies, clothing, accessories and toys, along with other items. As of 2008 there were over 50,000 different Hello Kitty branded products.[15]

Creation and design

 
Yuko Shimizu was the original designer of Hello Kitty.

In 1962, Shintaro Tsuji, founder of Sanrio, began selling rubber sandals with flowers painted on them.[21] Tsuji noted the profits gained by adding a cute design to the shoes and hired cartoonists to design cute characters for his merchandise.[21] Hello Kitty was designed by Yuko Shimizu and was added to the lineup of early Sanrio characters in 1974.[8]

Hello Kitty was initially known only as "the white kitten with no name" (名前のない白い子猫).[11] Shimizu got the name Kitty from Lewis Carroll's Through the Looking-Glass; during a scene early in the book, Alice plays with a cat she calls Kitty.[22] Sanrio's motto is "social communication," and Tsuji wanted the brand name to reflect that by including a greeting. He first considered "Hi Kitty" before finally settling on "Hello Kitty," her current name.[23] Sanrio decided to make Hello Kitty British because foreign countries, in particular Britain, were trendy in Japan at the time of Hello Kitty's creation. Sanrio already had several characters set in the US, and it wanted Hello Kitty to be different.[9][15]

In 1976 Setsuko Yonekubo temporarily took over as lead designer for Hello Kitty, after Shimizu left Sanrio. In 1980 Yuko Yamaguchi became lead designer and has remained in charge since.[24] Yamaguchi has said that fashion, movies, and TV inspire her in creating new designs. New series involving Hello Kitty with different themed designs are released regularly, following current trends.[9][17]

Spokespeople for Sanrio have said that Hello Kitty has no mouth, as they want people to "project their feelings onto the character" and "be happy or sad together with Hello Kitty."[9][25] Another explanation Sanrio has given for Hello Kitty's lack of a mouth is that she "speaks from the heart. She's Sanrio's ambassador to the world and isn't bound to any particular language."[15] However, Yuko Yamaguchi has also said that "Kitty has a mouth" that is "hidden in the fur".[26] Representatives for Sanrio have said that they see Hello Kitty as a symbol of friendship, which they hope she will foster between people across the world.[9] There has been speculation that Hello Kitty has her origins in Maneki Neko, a traditional Japanese cat figurine. The name "Hello Kitty" is a back-translation of Maneki Neko, meaning "beckoning cat" in English. Despite this, no definitive statement supports that speculation.[27]

History and reception

 
Hello Kitty first appeared on a vinyl coin purse sold in Japan in 1975.[13][14]

The character's first appearance on an item was in March 1975 on a vinyl coin purse sold in Japan, where she was pictured sitting between a bottle of milk and a goldfish bowl.[13][14][28] She first appeared in the United States in 1976 when Sanrio opened a Gift Gate store in San Jose, California.[29][30]

Hello Kitty sold well immediately after her 1975 launch, and Sanrio's sales increased sevenfold.[17] Due to Japan's growing economy, many Japanese children could afford to buy Hello Kitty products.[31] Her popularity also grew with the emergence of kawaii culture, which embraces cuteness.[16]

UNICEF named Hello Kitty as children's ambassador to the United States in 1983, children's ambassador in Japan in 1994, and gave her the title of UNICEF Special Friend of Children in 2004, a title unique to her.[32][33][34]

Originally, Hello Kitty was only marketed towards a child and preteen audience. In the 1990s, the target market for Hello Kitty was broadened to include teenagers and adults as a retro brand.[9][15] Marketing to those who could not get Hello Kitty merchandise as children, and those who fondly remember items they had, Sanrio began selling Hello Kitty branded products such as purses and laptops.[9][15][17] The 1994–1996 Face series was the first to be designed specifically for mature consumers.[9]

The Hello Kitty brand rose to greater prominence internationally during the late 1990s. At that time, several celebrities, such as Mariah Carey, had adopted Hello Kitty as a fashion statement.[15] New products featuring the character were made available in a large variety of American department stores.

Hello Kitty's popularity in Japan peaked in the late 1990s when she was the country's top-grossing character. In 2002, Hello Kitty lost her place as the top-grossing character in Japan in the Character Databank popularity chart. In a 2010 survey, she was in third place behind Anpanman and Pikachu from Pokémon.[17] In 2010, The New York Times attributed the character's relative decline in Japan to her biography not being "compelling enough to draw many fans." The newspaper later wrote that analysts called the characterization "weak,"[17] and that Hello Kitty not having a mouth has dampened her success as an animated TV character.[17] According to Character Databank, Hello Kitty was the third highest-grossing character in Japan as of 2013.[35] In 2019 and 2020, Character Databank ranked her fifth, and as of 2021 she was out of the top five.[36][37][38]

Overseas, her global popularity has increased over the years.[17] According to Sanrio, Hello Kitty was appearing on 12,000 new products each year as of 1999.[23] Beginning in 2007, following trends in Japan, Sanrio began using darker designs for Hello Kitty with more black and less pink and pulled away from kawaii styles.[17] By 2008, Hello Kitty was responsible for half of Sanrio's $1 billion net income, and there were over 50,000 different Hello Kitty branded products in more than 60 countries.[15] By 2010 the character was worth $5 billion a year and The New York Times called her a "global marketing phenomenon".[17] Worldwide annual sales reached $8 billion in 2013.[18]

In July 2008, the Dutch artist Dick Bruna, creator of Miffy, alleged that Hello Kitty is a copy of Miffy, being rendered in a similar style. He stated disapprovingly in an interview for the British newspaper The Daily Telegraph: "That" [...] "is a copy [of Miffy], I think. I don't like that at all. I always think, 'No, don't do that. Try to make something that you think of yourself'."[39] Mercis, the firm that managed copyrights for Bruna, took Sanrio to court over their Hello Kitty-associated character Cathy, a rabbit which made her first appearance in 1976 and which Mercis argued infringed the copyright for Miffy. A court in Amsterdam ruled in favour of Mercis in November 2010 and ordered Sanrio to stop the production and sale of merchandise featuring Cathy in the Benelux countries. However, in June 2011, the two companies announced that they had reached a settlement agreement to end their legal dispute. Sanrio stopped using the Cathy character, and the two firms jointly donated €150,000 for reconstruction after the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami.[40]

As of 2014, 90% of the profits from Hello Kitty came from licensing of products for the international market.[41] She has been particularly popular in other Asian countries for decades, such as in China, where her cultural impact is comparable to that of Barbie in the Western world.[42] In 2008, Japan named Hello Kitty the ambassador of Japanese tourism in both China and Hong Kong, marking the first time Japan's tourism ministry had appointed a fictional character to the role.[43] Dr. Sharon Kinsella, a lecturer at Oxford University on Japanese sociology, called the selection of Hello Kitty "a bit farcical ... as if a dumbed-down cultural icon ... can somehow do something significant to alter the gnarly and difficult state of China-Japan relations."[15]

In the United States, Hello Kitty is recognized by more than 80% of young adults in the 18–23 age group, as of 2016.[44] In 2014 a four-day convention, Hello Kitty Con in Los Angeles, attracted over 25,000 visitors. The convention was held in celebration of Hello Kitty's 40th anniversary.[45] Sanrio's Puroland Tokyo theme park also held a celebration spanning several days in November 2014.[46]

Character

Hello Kitty is a gijinka, an anthropomorphism or personification of a Japanese Bobtail cat.[47][11][48] Official character profiles list her full name as Kitty White (キティ・ホワイト, Kiti Howaito), born in the suburbs of London, England, on November 1. Her height is described as five apples and her weight as three apples. She is portrayed as a bright and kind-hearted girl, very close to her twin sister Mimmy. She is good at baking cookies and loves her mama's homemade apple pie. She likes to play the piano and collect cute things, and her favorite subjects in school are English, music, and art.[5][49][12]

Hello Kitty is portrayed with a large family with the surname White. Her twin sister Mimmy is described as "shy and very girly," interested in sewing and dreaming of marriage. While Hello Kitty wears a red bow on her left ear, Mimmy wears a yellow one on her right. Their papa George is described as dependable, humorous but also absent-minded. Their mama Mary is portrayed as a good cook who loves doing housework. Grandpa Anthony likes to tell stories and grandma Margaret likes sewing.[49][12]

Aside from the core Hello Kitty characters, several spinoff characters have been created: Hello Kitty's boyfriend Dear Daniel in 1999, Charmmy Kitty, Hello Kitty's pet cat, and Sugar, her pet hamster, both in 2004, and her superhero alter-ego Ichigoman in 2011.[28][50]

SFGATE said in 2004 that in light of the level of success of Hello Kitty, her fictional biography "seems almost too modest – or irrelevant" and "doesn't seem to have played much of a part" in the success.[16]

In 2014 an anthropologist was told by Sanrio that Kitty White was not simply a cat (i.e. "depicted on all fours"), describing her as a little English girl called Kitty White, from outside London.[10] Following reports that interpreted this to mean she was human, a Sanrio PR representative said that the organization had "never said she was a human", explaining anthropomorphization by comparing the character to Mickey Mouse: "No one would mistake the Disney character for a human–but at the same time he's not quite a mouse. Just like Hello Kitty isn't a human, she's not quite a cat either."[47] Sanrio stated further, "Hello Kitty was done in the motif of a cat. It's going too far to say that Hello Kitty is not a cat."[11]

Media

Animated series

There have been several different animated series starring Hello Kitty. The first was Hello Kitty's Furry Tale Theater, an animated television series with 13 22-minute episodes that premiered in 1987.[51] The next, an OVA titled Hello Kitty and Friends, spanned 30 entries originally released in Japan between 1989 and 1994. Hello Kitty's Paradise came out in 1999 and was 16 episodes long. Hello Kitty's Stump Village came out in 2005, and The Adventures of Hello Kitty & Friends came out in 2008 and has aired 52 episodes. A crossover series under the name Kiss Hello Kitty (that paired animated versions of the members of the rock band KISS with Hello Kitty) was announced in March 2013. Produced by Gene Simmons, this show was supposed to air on The Hub Network (now Discovery Family),[52] but it never came to fruition.

Hello Kitty's Paradise [ja] was a long-running live-action children's program that aired on TXN from January 1999 to March 2011. It was the longest-running weekly kids' television program in the network's history. In January 2011, the show's creators mutually agreed to end the series after twelve seasons, with the final episode being broadcast on 29 March 2011.

In August 2018, Sanrio began streaming a CGI animated series on YouTube. It features Hello Kitty talking to the camera about her life in the style of vlogging YouTubers.[53][54]

Sanrio began streaming the newest 2D animated Hello Kitty series Hello Kitty and Friends Supercute Adventures on YouTube on 26 October 2020.[55]

Comics

Hello Kitty had two manga comics serialized in Ribon, a shōjo manga magazine - Hello Kitty Doki (ran from May 2007 to April 2008)[56] and Hello Kitty Peace (released in June 2008).[57]

In March 2016, Sanrio launched a webcomic featuring Hello Kitty as a strawberry-themed superhero called Ichigoman (ichigo meaning strawberry). The webcomic is created by Toshiki Inoue and Shakua Sinkai and updates once a month.[58] Ichigoman first appeared in 2011 in an exhibition with Yuko Yamaguchi's art.[50]

Music

Hello Kitty has her own branded album, Hello World, featuring Hello Kitty-inspired songs performed by a collection of artists including Keke Palmer, Cori Yarckin, and Ainjel Emme under Hello Kitty's Lakeshore Records record label.[59] Hello Kitty was also chosen by AH Software to be the basis of the new Vocaloid Nekomura Iroha (猫村いろは, Nekomura Iroha)[60] to celebrate the 50th anniversary of Sanrio.[61]

Musician Yoshiki unveiled the Hello Kitty theme song "Hello Hello" in November 2014 at the first Hello Kitty Con. Yoshiki, who was the first celebrity to have his own Hello Kitty doll, "Yoshikitty," was approached by Yamaguchi to compose the song seven years prior.[62]

Video games

There are numerous Hello Kitty games starting with the release of the first title for Famicom in 1992; however, the majority of these games were never released outside of Japan. Hello Kitty also has made cameo appearances in games featuring other Sanrio characters, such as the Keroppi game, Kero Kero Keroppi no Bōken Nikki: Nemureru Mori no Keroleen. Special-edition consoles such as the Hello Kitty Dreamcast, Hello Kitty Game Boy Pocket, and Hello Kitty Crystal Xbox have also been released exclusively in Japan.

Hello Kitty appeared as a guest character in Sega's Sonic Dash in 2016, as part of Sega's partnership with Sanrio. Hello Kitty and My Melody (another Sanrio character) appeared together in Super Mario Maker as unlockable Mystery Mushroom costumes. Hello Kitty appears as a playable character via downloadable content in Super Monkey Ball Banana Mania.[63]

Partial list of Hello Kitty video games

Films

Three Hello Kitty anime films were released in Japan. Hello Kitty: Cinderella released in 1987, Hello Kitty no Oyayubi Hime released in 1990, and Hello Kitty no Mahō no Mori no Ohime-sama released in 1991.[69]

On 3 July 2015, Sanrio announced a full-length Hello Kitty theatrical feature initially planned for 2019.[70] In early 2019, it was revealed that New Line Cinema will be teaming up alongside Sanrio and Flynn Picture Company for an “English language film based on the venerable kid brand.”[71] In 2021, it was reported that Jennifer Coyle and Leo Matsuda have been hired to direct the film with Lindsey Beer set to pen the script.[72]

Products

 
The Hello Kitty Airbus A330-200.
 
Louis Vuitton Hello Kitty Mini

Originally aimed at the pre-adolescent female market, the Hello Kitty product range has expanded from dolls, stickers, greeting cards, clothes, backpacks, lunch boxes, piggy banks, pencils, erasers, accessories, school supplies and stationery to purses, toasters, televisions, other home appliances, massagers, motor oil[73] and computer equipment. These products range from mass market items to high-end consumer products and rare collectibles.[74] As of 2014, more than 50,000 Hello Kitty product lines were available in over 130 countries.[75]

High-end

Sanrio and various corporate partners have released Hello Kitty-branded products, including the Hello Kitty Stratocaster electric guitar (since 2005, with Fender, under its Squier sub-brand, in the US)[76][77] and an Airbus A330-200 commercial passenger jet airliner, dubbed the Hello Kitty Jet (2005–2009, with EVA Airways in Taiwan).[78] In late 2011 and early 2012, EVA Air revived their "Hello Kitty Jets" with their three new A330-300s. However, due to high demand,[79] the airline added two more alongside their existing A330-200s in mid-2012. A year later, EVA Air introduced one of their 777-300ERs as another Hello Kitty Jet, which featured other Sanrio characters as well as Hello Kitty.

In 2009, Hello Kitty entered the wine market with a collection of four wines available for purchase online, continuing the expansion of product lines targeted at older audiences.[80]

Establishments

 
Hello Kitty coffee

Hello Kitty is included as part of the Sanrio livery at the Japanese theme parks Harmonyland and Sanrio Puroland. The Hello Kitty Shanghai Times theme park in Shanghai, China opened in 2019.[20] A theme park called Hello Kitty Town existed in Iskandar Puteri, Johor, Malaysia from 2012 to 2019.[81][82][83] In 2014, Sanrio partnered with the Indonesian theme park Dufan to introduce Hello Kitty Adventure, a cinema based attraction.[84]

Hello Kitty cafés have opened around the world, including in Seoul and other locations in South Korea;[85] Bangkok, Thailand;[86] Adelaide, Australia;[87] Irvine, California;[88] and the Santa Anita Mall in California.[89]

There is a themed restaurant named Hello Kitty Sweets in Taipei, Taiwan, which opened in 2008. The restaurant's decor and many of its dishes are patterned after the Hello Kitty characters.[90][91] Another restaurant called the Hello Kitty Diner opened in the Chatswood area of Sydney, Australia,[92] and a Hello Kitty dim sum restaurant opened in Kowloon, Hong Kong.[93]

In 2008, a Hello Kitty-themed maternity hospital opened in Yuanlin, Taiwan. Hello Kitty is featured on the receiving blankets, room decor, bed linens, birth certificate covers, and nurses' uniforms. The hospital's owner explained that he hoped that the theme would help ease the stress of childbirth.[94][95]

Clothing

Dr. Martens collaborated with Hello Kitty in 2010 and 2020. The 2020 collaboration includes platform boots, platform sandals as well as a satchel.[96] Forever 21 collaborated with Hello Kitty on clothing collections several times, the first one in 2011.[97][98][99] In 2018, Puma collaborated with Hello Kitty to create a collection which features sneakers for both children and adults.[100] Also in 2018, Converse collaborated with Sanrio to create a collection which includes shoes ranging from kids' to adult sizes as well as clothing and bags.[101][102][103] In 2020, Skechers collaborated with Hello Kitty releasing chunky-soled style shoes with brand’s logo and Hello Kitty’s face and bow.[104] Hello Kitty is used as a brand for sanitary pads in the Philippines.[105]

Legacy and impact

In 1994, artist Tom Sachs was invited to create a scene for Barneys New York Christmas displays and titled it Hello Kitty Nativity. In the scene, the Virgin Mary was replaced by Madonna with an open Chanel bra, the three Kings were all Bart Simpson, the stable was marked by a McDonald's logo, and the Christ Child was replaced by Hello Kitty. This contemporary revision of the nativity scene[106] demonstrated Sachs' interest in the phenomena of consumerism, branding, and the cultural fetishization of products. Many audiences instead took offense to the artwork, which received backlash from Catholic organizations for its misuse of Christian symbolism.

In 2009, Tom Sachs' Bronze Collection was shown at the Public art space in Manhattan's Lever House, as well as in the Baldwin Gallery in Aspen, Colorado, and the Trocadéro in Paris. The collection featured white bronze casts of a foam core Hello Kitty sculpture – a style distinctive to the artist. As of April 2010, the Wind-Up Hello Kitty sculpture is still on display at Lever House.[107] Although Sachs did not seek permission to use the character in his work, a brand marketing manager for Sanrio was quoted as saying "You know, there was Marilyn Monroe and Andy Warhol, and then Michael Jackson and Jeff Koons. When you're an icon, that's what happens."[108] In 2013 The Wall Street Journal said Sanrio's attitude to copyright was "laissez-faire" compared to companies like Disney, and that they have let artists use Hello Kitty's likeness without interfering.[109]

Canadian singer-songwriter Avril Lavigne wrote and recorded a song called "Hello Kitty" for her fifth studio album, Avril Lavigne, released in 2013.

In 2015, a nine-foot tall pearlescent Hello Kitty sculpture by artist Sebastian Masuda was exhibited at the Dag Hammarskjold Plaza in New York City, as part of the Japan Society's exhibition: Life of Cats: Selections from the Hiraki Ukiyo-e Collection.[110]

In 2022 Saturday Night Live aired a sketch parodying Hello Kitty's backstory (described by The A.V. Club as "incongruous, corporate-sanctioned") and Sanrio's handling of it.[111][112] The sketch centers on managers at a fictional Hello Kitty store. They describe the character in contradictory terms as a "human little girl" who is in third grade and also 48 years old.[112] The Atlantic described the sketch as both "a skewering of the ever-expanding Hello Kitty commercial universe" and as capturing the gaslighting and manipulation of truth of the time.[112]

The Hello Kitty Stratocaster guitar, originally released in 2005, was initially aimed at pre-teen girls,[76] but has since been used by notable guitarists including Krist Novoselic, Courtney Love, Dave Navarro, and Lisa Loeb.[113][114][115] In 2022, vintage Hello Kitty Stratocasters were among the most popular musical instruments sold on the marketplace Reverb.com. While it originally retailed for $230, some sold for over $1,000.[76][116]

Notes

  1. ^ Japanese: Fuyumi Shiraishi (Kitty and Mimmy's New Umbrella); Mami Koyama (Hello Kitty's Cinderella); Akemi Okamura (Hello Kitty's Furry Tale Theater); Megumi Hayashibara (Sanrio Word of Animation, Hello Kitty's Paradise, Various Sanrio Puroland Shows).[1][2] English: Tara Strong (Hello Kitty's Furry Tale Theater); Karen Bernstein (Hello Kitty and Friends); Melissa Fahn (Hello Kitty's Paradise); Monica Rial (Hello Kitty's Animation Theater); Katia Shirassu (Hello Kitty Fun); Shannon Settlemyre (Growing Up With Hello Kitty); Soness Stevens;[3] Juliet Simmons (Hello Kitty and Friends - Let's Learn Together);[4] Julia Sales (The World of Hello Kitty);[4] Sarah Anne Williams (Hello Kitty and Friends Supercute Adventures).[4]

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External links

  • Official Hello Kitty website
  • Hello Kitty at Don Markstein's Toonopedia. Archived from the original on 8 January 2016.
  • Hello Kitty 35th Anniversary Project Kitty Lab

hello, kitty, this, article, about, character, other, uses, disambiguation, japanese, ハロー, キティ, hepburn, harō, kiti, also, known, full, name, kitty, white, キティ, ホワイト, kiti, howaito, fictional, character, created, yuko, shimizu, currently, designed, yuko, yamag. This article is about the character For other uses see Hello Kitty disambiguation Hello Kitty Japanese ハロー キティ Hepburn Harō Kiti 6 also known by her full name Kitty White キティ ホワイト Kiti Howaito 5 is a fictional character created by Yuko Shimizu currently designed by Yuko Yamaguchi and owned by the Japanese company Sanrio 7 8 9 Sanrio depicts Hello Kitty as an anthropomorphized white cat with a red bow and no visible mouth 10 11 According to her backstory she lives in a London suburb with her family and is close to her twin sister Mimmy who is depicted with a yellow bow 5 12 Hello KittySanrio characterHello KittyFirst appearanceMarch 1975 created 1974 Created byYuko ShimizuVoiced byMegumi Hayashibara 1990 present others a Full nameKitty White 5 In universe informationSpeciesAnthropomorphic catGenderFemaleFamilyMimmy twin sister George father Mary mother Anthony grandfather Margaret grandmother Charmmy Kitty pet cat Dear Daniel boyfriend NationalityBritishHello Kitty was created in 1974 and the first item a vinyl coin purse was introduced in 1975 13 14 Originally Hello Kitty was only marketed towards pre teenage girls but beginning in the 1990s the brand found commercial success among teenage and adult consumers as well 15 Hello Kitty s popularity also grew with the emergence of kawaii cute culture 16 The brand went into decline in Japan after the 1990s but continued to grow in the international market 17 By 2010 the character was worth 5 billion a year and The New York Times called her a global marketing phenomenon 17 By 2014 when Hello Kitty was 40 years old she was worth about 8 billion a year 18 UNICEF has appointed Hello Kitty children s ambassador and the Japanese government appointed her ambassador of tourism 15 There are Sanrio theme parks based on Hello Kitty Harmonyland in Hiji Ōita Japan 19 Sanrio Puroland in Tama New Town Tokyo Japan and Hello Kitty Shanghai Times in Shanghai China 20 The Hello Kitty media franchise has grown to include a number of animated series targeted towards children as well as several manga comics anime films video games books music albums and other media productions A variety of products have featured the character over the years like school supplies clothing accessories and toys along with other items As of 2008 there were over 50 000 different Hello Kitty branded products 15 Contents 1 Creation and design 2 History and reception 3 Character 4 Media 4 1 Animated series 4 2 Comics 4 3 Music 4 4 Video games 4 4 1 Partial list of Hello Kitty video games 4 5 Films 5 Products 5 1 High end 5 2 Establishments 5 3 Clothing 6 Legacy and impact 7 Notes 8 References 9 External linksCreation and design Edit Yuko Shimizu was the original designer of Hello Kitty In 1962 Shintaro Tsuji founder of Sanrio began selling rubber sandals with flowers painted on them 21 Tsuji noted the profits gained by adding a cute design to the shoes and hired cartoonists to design cute characters for his merchandise 21 Hello Kitty was designed by Yuko Shimizu and was added to the lineup of early Sanrio characters in 1974 8 Hello Kitty was initially known only as the white kitten with no name 名前のない白い子猫 11 Shimizu got the name Kitty from Lewis Carroll s Through the Looking Glass during a scene early in the book Alice plays with a cat she calls Kitty 22 Sanrio s motto is social communication and Tsuji wanted the brand name to reflect that by including a greeting He first considered Hi Kitty before finally settling on Hello Kitty her current name 23 Sanrio decided to make Hello Kitty British because foreign countries in particular Britain were trendy in Japan at the time of Hello Kitty s creation Sanrio already had several characters set in the US and it wanted Hello Kitty to be different 9 15 In 1976 Setsuko Yonekubo temporarily took over as lead designer for Hello Kitty after Shimizu left Sanrio In 1980 Yuko Yamaguchi became lead designer and has remained in charge since 24 Yamaguchi has said that fashion movies and TV inspire her in creating new designs New series involving Hello Kitty with different themed designs are released regularly following current trends 9 17 Spokespeople for Sanrio have said that Hello Kitty has no mouth as they want people to project their feelings onto the character and be happy or sad together with Hello Kitty 9 25 Another explanation Sanrio has given for Hello Kitty s lack of a mouth is that she speaks from the heart She s Sanrio s ambassador to the world and isn t bound to any particular language 15 However Yuko Yamaguchi has also said that Kitty has a mouth that is hidden in the fur 26 Representatives for Sanrio have said that they see Hello Kitty as a symbol of friendship which they hope she will foster between people across the world 9 There has been speculation that Hello Kitty has her origins in Maneki Neko a traditional Japanese cat figurine The name Hello Kitty is a back translation of Maneki Neko meaning beckoning cat in English Despite this no definitive statement supports that speculation 27 History and reception Edit Hello Kitty first appeared on a vinyl coin purse sold in Japan in 1975 13 14 The character s first appearance on an item was in March 1975 on a vinyl coin purse sold in Japan where she was pictured sitting between a bottle of milk and a goldfish bowl 13 14 28 She first appeared in the United States in 1976 when Sanrio opened a Gift Gate store in San Jose California 29 30 Hello Kitty sold well immediately after her 1975 launch and Sanrio s sales increased sevenfold 17 Due to Japan s growing economy many Japanese children could afford to buy Hello Kitty products 31 Her popularity also grew with the emergence of kawaii culture which embraces cuteness 16 UNICEF named Hello Kitty as children s ambassador to the United States in 1983 children s ambassador in Japan in 1994 and gave her the title of UNICEF Special Friend of Children in 2004 a title unique to her 32 33 34 Originally Hello Kitty was only marketed towards a child and preteen audience In the 1990s the target market for Hello Kitty was broadened to include teenagers and adults as a retro brand 9 15 Marketing to those who could not get Hello Kitty merchandise as children and those who fondly remember items they had Sanrio began selling Hello Kitty branded products such as purses and laptops 9 15 17 The 1994 1996 Face series was the first to be designed specifically for mature consumers 9 The Hello Kitty brand rose to greater prominence internationally during the late 1990s At that time several celebrities such as Mariah Carey had adopted Hello Kitty as a fashion statement 15 New products featuring the character were made available in a large variety of American department stores Hello Kitty s popularity in Japan peaked in the late 1990s when she was the country s top grossing character In 2002 Hello Kitty lost her place as the top grossing character in Japan in the Character Databank popularity chart In a 2010 survey she was in third place behind Anpanman and Pikachu from Pokemon 17 In 2010 The New York Times attributed the character s relative decline in Japan to her biography not being compelling enough to draw many fans The newspaper later wrote that analysts called the characterization weak 17 and that Hello Kitty not having a mouth has dampened her success as an animated TV character 17 According to Character Databank Hello Kitty was the third highest grossing character in Japan as of 2013 35 In 2019 and 2020 Character Databank ranked her fifth and as of 2021 she was out of the top five 36 37 38 Overseas her global popularity has increased over the years 17 According to Sanrio Hello Kitty was appearing on 12 000 new products each year as of 1999 23 Beginning in 2007 following trends in Japan Sanrio began using darker designs for Hello Kitty with more black and less pink and pulled away from kawaii styles 17 By 2008 Hello Kitty was responsible for half of Sanrio s 1 billion net income and there were over 50 000 different Hello Kitty branded products in more than 60 countries 15 By 2010 the character was worth 5 billion a year and The New York Times called her a global marketing phenomenon 17 Worldwide annual sales reached 8 billion in 2013 18 In July 2008 the Dutch artist Dick Bruna creator of Miffy alleged that Hello Kitty is a copy of Miffy being rendered in a similar style He stated disapprovingly in an interview for the British newspaper The Daily Telegraph That is a copy of Miffy I think I don t like that at all I always think No don t do that Try to make something that you think of yourself 39 Mercis the firm that managed copyrights for Bruna took Sanrio to court over their Hello Kitty associated character Cathy a rabbit which made her first appearance in 1976 and which Mercis argued infringed the copyright for Miffy A court in Amsterdam ruled in favour of Mercis in November 2010 and ordered Sanrio to stop the production and sale of merchandise featuring Cathy in the Benelux countries However in June 2011 the two companies announced that they had reached a settlement agreement to end their legal dispute Sanrio stopped using the Cathy character and the two firms jointly donated 150 000 for reconstruction after the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami 40 As of 2014 90 of the profits from Hello Kitty came from licensing of products for the international market 41 She has been particularly popular in other Asian countries for decades such as in China where her cultural impact is comparable to that of Barbie in the Western world 42 In 2008 Japan named Hello Kitty the ambassador of Japanese tourism in both China and Hong Kong marking the first time Japan s tourism ministry had appointed a fictional character to the role 43 Dr Sharon Kinsella a lecturer at Oxford University on Japanese sociology called the selection of Hello Kitty a bit farcical as if a dumbed down cultural icon can somehow do something significant to alter the gnarly and difficult state of China Japan relations 15 In the United States Hello Kitty is recognized by more than 80 of young adults in the 18 23 age group as of 2016 update 44 In 2014 a four day convention Hello Kitty Con in Los Angeles attracted over 25 000 visitors The convention was held in celebration of Hello Kitty s 40th anniversary 45 Sanrio s Puroland Tokyo theme park also held a celebration spanning several days in November 2014 46 Character EditHello Kitty is a gijinka an anthropomorphism or personification of a Japanese Bobtail cat 47 11 48 Official character profiles list her full name as Kitty White キティ ホワイト Kiti Howaito born in the suburbs of London England on November 1 Her height is described as five apples and her weight as three apples She is portrayed as a bright and kind hearted girl very close to her twin sister Mimmy She is good at baking cookies and loves her mama s homemade apple pie She likes to play the piano and collect cute things and her favorite subjects in school are English music and art 5 49 12 Hello Kitty is portrayed with a large family with the surname White Her twin sister Mimmy is described as shy and very girly interested in sewing and dreaming of marriage While Hello Kitty wears a red bow on her left ear Mimmy wears a yellow one on her right Their papa George is described as dependable humorous but also absent minded Their mama Mary is portrayed as a good cook who loves doing housework Grandpa Anthony likes to tell stories and grandma Margaret likes sewing 49 12 Aside from the core Hello Kitty characters several spinoff characters have been created Hello Kitty s boyfriend Dear Daniel in 1999 Charmmy Kitty Hello Kitty s pet cat and Sugar her pet hamster both in 2004 and her superhero alter ego Ichigoman in 2011 28 50 SFGATE said in 2004 that in light of the level of success of Hello Kitty her fictional biography seems almost too modest or irrelevant and doesn t seem to have played much of a part in the success 16 In 2014 an anthropologist was told by Sanrio that Kitty White was not simply a cat i e depicted on all fours describing her as a little English girl called Kitty White from outside London 10 Following reports that interpreted this to mean she was human a Sanrio PR representative said that the organization had never said she was a human explaining anthropomorphization by comparing the character to Mickey Mouse No one would mistake the Disney character for a human but at the same time he s not quite a mouse Just like Hello Kitty isn t a human she s not quite a cat either 47 Sanrio stated further Hello Kitty was done in the motif of a cat It s going too far to say that Hello Kitty is not a cat 11 Media EditAnimated series Edit Further information List of Hello Kitty animated series There have been several different animated series starring Hello Kitty The first was Hello Kitty s Furry Tale Theater an animated television series with 13 22 minute episodes that premiered in 1987 51 The next an OVA titled Hello Kitty and Friends spanned 30 entries originally released in Japan between 1989 and 1994 Hello Kitty s Paradise came out in 1999 and was 16 episodes long Hello Kitty s Stump Village came out in 2005 and The Adventures of Hello Kitty amp Friends came out in 2008 and has aired 52 episodes A crossover series under the name Kiss Hello Kitty that paired animated versions of the members of the rock band KISS with Hello Kitty was announced in March 2013 Produced by Gene Simmons this show was supposed to air on The Hub Network now Discovery Family 52 but it never came to fruition Hello Kitty s Paradise ja was a long running live action children s program that aired on TXN from January 1999 to March 2011 It was the longest running weekly kids television program in the network s history In January 2011 the show s creators mutually agreed to end the series after twelve seasons with the final episode being broadcast on 29 March 2011 In August 2018 Sanrio began streaming a CGI animated series on YouTube It features Hello Kitty talking to the camera about her life in the style of vlogging YouTubers 53 54 Sanrio began streaming the newest 2D animated Hello Kitty series Hello Kitty and Friends Supercute Adventures on YouTube on 26 October 2020 55 Comics Edit Hello Kitty had two manga comics serialized in Ribon a shōjo manga magazine Hello Kitty Doki ran from May 2007 to April 2008 56 and Hello Kitty Peace released in June 2008 57 In March 2016 Sanrio launched a webcomic featuring Hello Kitty as a strawberry themed superhero called Ichigoman ichigo meaning strawberry The webcomic is created by Toshiki Inoue and Shakua Sinkai and updates once a month 58 Ichigoman first appeared in 2011 in an exhibition with Yuko Yamaguchi s art 50 Music Edit Hello Kitty has her own branded album Hello World featuring Hello Kitty inspired songs performed by a collection of artists including Keke Palmer Cori Yarckin and Ainjel Emme under Hello Kitty s Lakeshore Records record label 59 Hello Kitty was also chosen by AH Software to be the basis of the new Vocaloid Nekomura Iroha 猫村いろは Nekomura Iroha 60 to celebrate the 50th anniversary of Sanrio 61 Musician Yoshiki unveiled the Hello Kitty theme song Hello Hello in November 2014 at the first Hello Kitty Con Yoshiki who was the first celebrity to have his own Hello Kitty doll Yoshikitty was approached by Yamaguchi to compose the song seven years prior 62 Video games Edit There are numerous Hello Kitty games starting with the release of the first title for Famicom in 1992 however the majority of these games were never released outside of Japan Hello Kitty also has made cameo appearances in games featuring other Sanrio characters such as the Keroppi game Kero Kero Keroppi no Bōken Nikki Nemureru Mori no Keroleen Special edition consoles such as the Hello Kitty Dreamcast Hello Kitty Game Boy Pocket and Hello Kitty Crystal Xbox have also been released exclusively in Japan Hello Kitty appeared as a guest character in Sega s Sonic Dash in 2016 as part of Sega s partnership with Sanrio Hello Kitty and My Melody another Sanrio character appeared together in Super Mario Maker as unlockable Mystery Mushroom costumes Hello Kitty appears as a playable character via downloadable content in Super Monkey Ball Banana Mania 63 Partial list of Hello Kitty video games Edit See also Category Hello Kitty video games Hello Kitty no Hanabatake 1992 Famicom a platformer Hello Kitty World 1992 Famicom a Famicom port of Balloon Kid co developed by Nintendo and Character Soft Hello Kitty s Big Fun Piano 1994 PC a piano simulation 64 Kitty the Kool 1998 PlayStation a game from Imagineer 65 Hello Kitty s Cube Frenzy 1998 Game Boy Color PlayStation a life simulation minigame collection DDR Hello Kitty 1999 Bemani Pocket a handheld Hello Kitty game in the Dance Dance Revolution series The Hello Kitty Simple 1500 series PlayStation a series of specifically low priced games Gotouchi Hello Kitty Sugoroku Monogatari 2003 PlayStation a sugoroku based game Hello Kitty Happy Party Pals 2005 Game Boy Advance an action adventure game Hello Kitty Roller Rescue 2005 Xbox GameCube PlayStation 2 an action adventure game Mainichi Suteki Hello Kitty no Life Kit 2007 Nintendo DS a puzzle game The Hello Kitty Simple 2000 series 2007 PlayStation 2 a series of specifically low priced games Hello Kitty Big City Dreams 2008 Nintendo DS an adventure game published by Empire Interactive developed by Sanrio Digital In the game Hello Kitty moves to the Big City where she meets other Sanrio characters and makes new friends 66 Hello Kitty Daily 2008 Nintendo DS a PDA application featuring a diary calendar alarm clock money managing system and school planner Hello Kitty Online 2009 PC an online MMORPG developed by Sanrio Digital and Typhoon Games The game allows players to create and customize characters then use them to battle monsters socialize with one another mine for ore do domestic chores like farming or cooking and participate in quests Hello Kitty Parachute Paradise 2009 iPhone iPod Touch an iPhone game with tilt based controls 67 Apron of Magic 2010 Arcade iOS Nintendo 3DS An Arcade Card Game developed by Examu to commemorate the 50th Anniversary of Sanrio The game features Hello Kitty and other notable Sanrio Characters Hello Kitty Seasons 2010 Wii A game in which the playable character is appointed as Deputy Mayor to help Sanrio Town Hello Kitty Picnic 2012 Nintendo 3DS Hello Kitty Kruisers 2014 iOS Wii U Nintendo Switch A kart racing game featuring Hello Kitty and other Sanrio characters 68 Films Edit Three Hello Kitty anime films were released in Japan Hello Kitty Cinderella released in 1987 Hello Kitty no Oyayubi Hime released in 1990 and Hello Kitty no Mahō no Mori no Ohime sama released in 1991 69 On 3 July 2015 Sanrio announced a full length Hello Kitty theatrical feature initially planned for 2019 70 In early 2019 it was revealed that New Line Cinema will be teaming up alongside Sanrio and Flynn Picture Company for an English language film based on the venerable kid brand 71 In 2021 it was reported that Jennifer Coyle and Leo Matsuda have been hired to direct the film with Lindsey Beer set to pen the script 72 Products Edit The Hello Kitty Airbus A330 200 Louis Vuitton Hello Kitty Mini Originally aimed at the pre adolescent female market the Hello Kitty product range has expanded from dolls stickers greeting cards clothes backpacks lunch boxes piggy banks pencils erasers accessories school supplies and stationery to purses toasters televisions other home appliances massagers motor oil 73 and computer equipment These products range from mass market items to high end consumer products and rare collectibles 74 As of 2014 update more than 50 000 Hello Kitty product lines were available in over 130 countries 75 High end Edit Sanrio and various corporate partners have released Hello Kitty branded products including the Hello Kitty Stratocaster electric guitar since 2005 with Fender under its Squier sub brand in the US 76 77 and an Airbus A330 200 commercial passenger jet airliner dubbed the Hello Kitty Jet 2005 2009 with EVA Airways in Taiwan 78 In late 2011 and early 2012 EVA Air revived their Hello Kitty Jets with their three new A330 300s However due to high demand 79 the airline added two more alongside their existing A330 200s in mid 2012 A year later EVA Air introduced one of their 777 300ERs as another Hello Kitty Jet which featured other Sanrio characters as well as Hello Kitty In 2009 Hello Kitty entered the wine market with a collection of four wines available for purchase online continuing the expansion of product lines targeted at older audiences 80 Establishments Edit Hello Kitty coffee Hello Kitty is included as part of the Sanrio livery at the Japanese theme parks Harmonyland and Sanrio Puroland The Hello Kitty Shanghai Times theme park in Shanghai China opened in 2019 20 A theme park called Hello Kitty Town existed in Iskandar Puteri Johor Malaysia from 2012 to 2019 81 82 83 In 2014 Sanrio partnered with the Indonesian theme park Dufan to introduce Hello Kitty Adventure a cinema based attraction 84 Hello Kitty cafes have opened around the world including in Seoul and other locations in South Korea 85 Bangkok Thailand 86 Adelaide Australia 87 Irvine California 88 and the Santa Anita Mall in California 89 There is a themed restaurant named Hello Kitty Sweets in Taipei Taiwan which opened in 2008 The restaurant s decor and many of its dishes are patterned after the Hello Kitty characters 90 91 Another restaurant called the Hello Kitty Diner opened in the Chatswood area of Sydney Australia 92 and a Hello Kitty dim sum restaurant opened in Kowloon Hong Kong 93 In 2008 a Hello Kitty themed maternity hospital opened in Yuanlin Taiwan Hello Kitty is featured on the receiving blankets room decor bed linens birth certificate covers and nurses uniforms The hospital s owner explained that he hoped that the theme would help ease the stress of childbirth 94 95 Clothing Edit Dr Martens collaborated with Hello Kitty in 2010 and 2020 The 2020 collaboration includes platform boots platform sandals as well as a satchel 96 Forever 21 collaborated with Hello Kitty on clothing collections several times the first one in 2011 97 98 99 In 2018 Puma collaborated with Hello Kitty to create a collection which features sneakers for both children and adults 100 Also in 2018 Converse collaborated with Sanrio to create a collection which includes shoes ranging from kids to adult sizes as well as clothing and bags 101 102 103 In 2020 Skechers collaborated with Hello Kitty releasing chunky soled style shoes with brand s logo and Hello Kitty s face and bow 104 Hello Kitty is used as a brand for sanitary pads in the Philippines 105 Legacy and impact EditIn 1994 artist Tom Sachs was invited to create a scene for Barneys New York Christmas displays and titled it Hello Kitty Nativity In the scene the Virgin Mary was replaced by Madonna with an open Chanel bra the three Kings were all Bart Simpson the stable was marked by a McDonald s logo and the Christ Child was replaced by Hello Kitty This contemporary revision of the nativity scene 106 demonstrated Sachs interest in the phenomena of consumerism branding and the cultural fetishization of products Many audiences instead took offense to the artwork which received backlash from Catholic organizations for its misuse of Christian symbolism In 2009 Tom Sachs Bronze Collection was shown at the Public art space in Manhattan s Lever House as well as in the Baldwin Gallery in Aspen Colorado and the Trocadero in Paris The collection featured white bronze casts of a foam core Hello Kitty sculpture a style distinctive to the artist As of April 2010 the Wind Up Hello Kitty sculpture is still on display at Lever House 107 Although Sachs did not seek permission to use the character in his work a brand marketing manager for Sanrio was quoted as saying You know there was Marilyn Monroe and Andy Warhol and then Michael Jackson and Jeff Koons When you re an icon that s what happens 108 In 2013 The Wall Street Journal said Sanrio s attitude to copyright was laissez faire compared to companies like Disney and that they have let artists use Hello Kitty s likeness without interfering 109 Canadian singer songwriter Avril Lavigne wrote and recorded a song called Hello Kitty for her fifth studio album Avril Lavigne released in 2013 In 2015 a nine foot tall pearlescent Hello Kitty sculpture by artist Sebastian Masuda was exhibited at the Dag Hammarskjold Plaza in New York City as part of the Japan Society s exhibition Life of Cats Selections from the Hiraki Ukiyo e Collection 110 In 2022 Saturday Night Live aired a sketch parodying Hello Kitty s backstory described by The A V Club as incongruous corporate sanctioned and Sanrio s handling of it 111 112 The sketch centers on managers at a fictional Hello Kitty store They describe the character in contradictory terms as a human little girl who is in third grade and also 48 years old 112 The Atlantic described the sketch as both a skewering of the ever expanding Hello Kitty commercial universe and as capturing the gaslighting and manipulation of truth of the time 112 The Hello Kitty Stratocaster guitar originally released in 2005 was initially aimed at pre teen girls 76 but has since been used by notable guitarists including Krist Novoselic Courtney Love Dave Navarro and Lisa Loeb 113 114 115 In 2022 vintage Hello Kitty Stratocasters were among the most popular musical instruments sold on the marketplace Reverb com While it originally retailed for 230 some sold for over 1 000 76 116 Notes Edit Japanese Fuyumi Shiraishi Kitty and Mimmy s New Umbrella Mami Koyama Hello Kitty s Cinderella Akemi Okamura Hello Kitty s Furry Tale Theater Megumi Hayashibara Sanrio Word of Animation Hello Kitty s Paradise Various Sanrio Puroland Shows 1 2 English Tara Strong Hello Kitty s Furry Tale Theater Karen Bernstein Hello Kitty and Friends Melissa Fahn Hello Kitty s Paradise Monica Rial Hello Kitty s Animation Theater Katia Shirassu Hello Kitty Fun Shannon Settlemyre Growing Up With Hello Kitty Soness Stevens 3 Juliet Simmons Hello Kitty and Friends Let s Learn Together 4 Julia Sales The World of Hello Kitty 4 Sarah Anne Williams Hello Kitty and Friends Supercute Adventures 4 References Edit MEGUMI HOUSE キングレコードによる林原の紹介ページ 出演履歴にハローキティは出てこない キティちゃんの声優はあの有名声優だった だれだかわかる ガジェット通信 GetNews Getnews jp 18 August 2010 Retrieved 14 December 2021 Your Speaker Coach Your Speaking Journey Your Speaking Journey Retrieved 3 July 2020 a b c Hello Kitty Voices Behind The Voice Actors behindthevoiceactors com Retrieved 1 July 2020 Check mark indicates role has been confirmed using screenshots of closing credits and other reliable sources a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint postscript link a b c d Hello Kitty Sanrio Archived from the original on 24 June 2011 Retrieved 22 December 2010 サンリオキャラクターたちの本名 言えますか in Japanese 11 July 2008 Retrieved 11 July 2008 Hello Kitty cartoon character Encyclopedia Britannica Retrieved 8 September 2018 a b Hello Kitty celebrates 30 China News Daily 19 August 2005 Retrieved 28 December 2008 a b c d e f g h Takagi Jun 21 August 2008 10 Questions for Yuko Yamaguchi TIME Archived from the original on 26 August 2008 Retrieved 31 October 2009 a b Miranda Carolina A 26 August 2014 Hello Kitty is not a cat plus more reveals before her L A tour Los Angeles Times Retrieved 6 March 2018 a b c d Ashcroft Brian 28 August 2014 Don t Be Silly Hello Kitty Is a Cat Retrieved 29 August 2014 a b c Sanrio Friend of the Month Hello Kitty Archived from the original on 19 September 2022 a b c Anderson Kirsten 2019 What Is the Story of Hello Kitty New York Penguin Random House pp 16 19 ISBN 9781524788391 a b c Phoenix Woodrow 2006 Plastic Culture How Japanese Toys Conquered the World New York City Kodansha International p 40 ISBN 9784770030177 a b c d e f g h i j Walker Esther 21 May 2008 Top cat how 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