Song of Lawino, well known in African literature, was written in Acholi by Okot p'Bitek, although its sequel, Song of Ocol, was written in English.[1]
Acholi, Alur, and Jo Padola have between 84 and 90 per cent of their vocabulary in common[2] and are mutually intelligible.[dubious – discuss] However, they are often counted as separate languages because their speakers are ethnically distinct. Labwor (Thur), once considered a dialect of Acholi, may not be intelligible with it.[2]
Acholi has vowel harmony: all vowels in a word have to belong to a single class (e.g. [kojo]the cold vs. [kɔjɔ]to separate). There are two sets of five vowels, distinguished by the feature [+/-ATR].
/pʷ/ and /bʷ/ sounds may also sound as labial affricates [pf] and [bv].[3]
Acholi is a tonal language. Thus, some words may be distinguished by tone alone, e.g. bèl (low) 'wrinkled' vs. bél (high) 'corn' and kàl (low) 'place enclosed by a palisade' vs. kál (high) 'millet'. Tone furthermore plays a role in verb conjugation.
The above were the old work of the missionaries Alfred Malandra and Crazzolara published in 1955. However, a more up-to-date Acholi orthography by Janet Lakareber shows that a vowel in Acholi language has more than two pronunciations.[4] A monosyllabic word in Acholi has 14 different pronunciations. This is explained in the nine books of Acoli Accented Orthography.[5]
Notes and referencesEdit
NotesEdit
^ Heron, G.A., 1972, Introduction p. 8 in p'Bitek, Okot, 1984.
^"Registration authority request for change of language code" (PDF).
^Malandra, Alfred (1955). A New Acholi Grammar. Kampala: Eagle Press.
^"Acoli Accented Orthography with diacritical marks". Retrieved 3 May 2019.
^"Acoli Accented Orthography with diacritical marks". Retrieved 3 May 2019.
BibliographyEdit
Crazzolara, J.P. (1938) A study of the Acooli language. Grammar and Vocabulary. International Institute of African Languages and Cultures. London/New York/Toronto: Oxford University Press.
Kitching, Arthur Leonard (1932) An outline grammar of the Acholi language (first published 1907). London: Sheldon Press / Kampala: The Uganda Bookshop.
Ladefoged, Peter; Ruth Glick; Clive Criper; Clifford H. Prator; Livingstone Walusimbi (1972) Language in Uganda (Ford Foundation language surveys vol. 1). London/New York etc. Oxford University Press. ISBN0-19-436101-2
Malandra, Alfred (1955) A new Acholi grammar. Kampala: Eagle Press. Hathitrust record
Listen to a sample of Acholi from Global Recordings Network
– Radio programming from northern Uganda in Luo
October 19, 2023
acholi, dialect, confused, with, chopi, language, bantu, acholi, also, acoli, southern, dialect, spoken, acholi, people, districts, gulu, kitgum, amuru, lamwo, agago, nwoya, omoro, pader, region, known, acholiland, northern, uganda, also, spoken, south, sudan,. Not to be confused with Chopi language Bantu Acholi also Leb Acoli or Leb Lwo is a Southern Luo dialect spoken by the Acholi people in the districts of Gulu Kitgum Amuru Lamwo Agago Nwoya Omoro and Pader a region known as Acholiland in northern Uganda It is also spoken in South Sudan in Magwi County Eastern Equatoria AcholiLwoNative toUganda South SudanEthnicityAcholiNative speakers1 5 million 2014 census 1 Language familyNilo Saharan Eastern SudanicNiloticWestern NiloticLuoSouthern LuoAcholiDialectsLabwor leb Thur Nyakwai Dhopaluo Chope Language codesISO 639 2 span class plainlinks ach span ISO 639 3Either a href https iso639 3 sil org code ach class extiw title iso639 3 ach ach a Acholi Acoli a href https iso639 3 sil org code lth class extiw title iso639 3 lth lth a ThurGlottologacol1236This article contains IPA phonetic symbols Without proper rendering support you may see question marks boxes or other symbols instead of Unicode characters For an introductory guide on IPA symbols see Help IPA source source source source source source source track A man speaking Acholi Song of Lawino well known in African literature was written in Acholi by Okot p Bitek although its sequel Song of Ocol was written in English 1 Acholi Alur and Jo Padola have between 84 and 90 per cent of their vocabulary in common 2 and are mutually intelligible dubious discuss However they are often counted as separate languages because their speakers are ethnically distinct Labwor Thur once considered a dialect of Acholi may not be intelligible with it 2 Contents 1 Phonology 1 1 Recent work 2 Notes and references 2 1 Notes 2 2 Endnotes 2 3 Bibliography 3 External linksPhonology EditAcholi has vowel harmony all vowels in a word have to belong to a single class e g kojo the cold vs kɔjɔ to separate There are two sets of five vowels distinguished by the feature ATR ATR vowels in Acholi Front Central BackNear close ɪ ʊOpen mid ɛ ɔOpen a ATR vowels in Acholi Front BackClose i uClose mid e oOpen ɑAcholi consonants Labial Alveolar Palatal Velarplain lab Plosive Affricate voiceless p pʷ t tʃ kvoiced b bʷ d dʒ ɡNasal m n ɲ ŋRhotic rApproximant l j w pʷ and bʷ sounds may also sound as labial affricates pf and bv 3 Acholi is a tonal language Thus some words may be distinguished by tone alone e g bel low wrinkled vs bel high corn and kal low place enclosed by a palisade vs kal high millet Tone furthermore plays a role in verb conjugation Recent work Edit The neutrality of this article is disputed Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page Please do not remove this message until conditions to do so are met April 2019 Learn how and when to remove this template message The above were the old work of the missionaries Alfred Malandra and Crazzolara published in 1955 However a more up to date Acholi orthography by Janet Lakareber shows that a vowel in Acholi language has more than two pronunciations 4 A monosyllabic word in Acholi has 14 different pronunciations This is explained in the nine books of Acoli Accented Orthography 5 Notes and references EditNotes Edit Heron G A 1972 Introduction p 8 in p Bitek Okot 1984 Ladefoged et al 1972 80 Endnotes Edit Acholi Acoli at Ethnologue 23rd ed 2020 nbsp Thur at Ethnologue 23rd ed 2020 nbsp Registration authority request for change of language code PDF Malandra Alfred 1955 A New Acholi Grammar Kampala Eagle Press Acoli Accented Orthography with diacritical marks Retrieved 3 May 2019 Acoli Accented Orthography with diacritical marks Retrieved 3 May 2019 Bibliography Edit Crazzolara J P 1938 A study of the Acooli language Grammar and Vocabulary International Institute of African Languages and Cultures London New York Toronto Oxford University Press Kitching Arthur Leonard 1932 An outline grammar of the Acholi language first published 1907 London Sheldon Press Kampala The Uganda Bookshop Ladefoged Peter Ruth Glick Clive Criper Clifford H Prator Livingstone Walusimbi 1972 Language in Uganda Ford Foundation language surveys vol 1 London New York etc Oxford University Press ISBN 0 19 436101 2 Malandra Alfred 1955 A new Acholi grammar Kampala Eagle Press Hathitrust record Okidi Festo 2000 Acholi for beginners grammar Acholi English English Acholi London Pilato Books ISBN 0 9539913 0 X p Bitek Okot 1985 Acholi proverbs Nairobi Heinemann Kenya p Bitek Okot 1984 Song of Lawino and Song of Ocol African Writers Series 266 London Heinemann Educational Janet Lakareber 2011 Coono Leb Acoli intro Acoli Accented Orthography London GBILA ISBN 978 0954932305External links EditDryer Matthew S Haspelmath Martin eds 2013 Acholi dialect World Atlas of Language Structures Online Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology Listen to a sample of Acholi from Global Recordings Network IRIN Radio Radio programming from northern Uganda in Luo Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Acholi dialect amp oldid 1178002726, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
