Wikipedia
List of school massacres by death toll
This list of school massacres by death toll contains those cases that occurred at kindergartens, schools and universities, as well as their affiliated buildings. If the perpetrator was a member of the school staff and the victims primarily their colleagues, the case is not included here but added to the list of workplace killings. Schools massacres are counted as incidents involving at least two deaths, excluding the potential death of the perpetrator.
All abbreviations used in the table are explained below.
Overall list
Abbreviations and footnotes
# indicates the ranking of the massacre by number of deaths (since this is a List enumerated by death toll, not by date or by number of overall casualties).
The W-column gives a basic description of the weapons used in the murders.
- F – Firearms and other ranged weapons, especially rifles and handguns, but also bows and crossbows, grenade launchers, flamethrowers, or slingshots
- M – Melee weapons, like knives, swords, spears, machetes, axes, clubs, rods, rocks, or bare hands
- O – Any other weapons, such as bombs, hand grenades, Molotov cocktails, poison and poisonous gas, as well as vehicle and arson attacks
- A – indicates that an arson attack was the only other weapon used
- V – indicates that a vehicle was the only other weapon used
- E – indicates that explosives of any sort were the only other weapon used
| # | Name | Date | Year | Location | Country | Killed | Injured | W | Perpetrator | Terroristic organisations act | Fate of perpetrator(s) | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Santa María School massacre | Dec 21 | 1907 | Iquique | Chile | 2000 | ? | F | Chilean Army | No | 300 killed | |
| 2. | Beslan school siege | Sep 1 | 2004 | Beslan, North Ossetia-Alania | Russia | 333 | 783 | FME | Riyad-us Saliheen Brigade of Martyrs | Yes | Most killed by special forces, one captured and subsequently sentenced to life imprisonment | |
| 3. | Dhaka University massacre | Mar 25 | 1971 | Dhaka | East Pakistan | 300+ | ? | FA | Pakistan Army Eastern Command | No | ||
| 4. | Eastern University massacre | Sep 5 | 1990 | Chenkalady | Sri Lanka | 158 | ? | F | Sri Lankan Army | No | None | [1] |
| 5. | Peshawar school massacre | Dec 16 | 2014 | Peshawar | Pakistan | 149 | 114 | FME | Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan | Yes | Killed by special forces | |
| 6. | Garissa University College attack | Apr 2 | 2015 | Garissa | Kenya | 148 | 79 | F | al-Shabaab | Yes | 4 killed and 5 arrested | |
| 7. | Kabul school bombing | May 8 | 2021 | Kabul | Afghanistan | 90 | 147 | E | Disputed over | Yes | ||
| 8. | Nagerkovil school bombing | Sep 22 | 1995 | Jaffna | Sri Lanka | 71 | 150 | O | Sri Lankan Air Force | No | None | |
| 9. | Walisongo School Massacre | May 28 | 2000 | Poso, Central Sulawesi | Indonesia | 70 | ? | FM | Catholic militants | Yes | Executed | [2] |
| 10. | Kyanguli Fire Tragedy | Mar 24 | 2001 | Machakos County | Kenya | 67 | ? | A | Davis Onyango Opiyo, Felix Mambo Ngumbao (school students) | No | Arrested | |
| 11. | Buni Yadi Federal Government College massacre | Feb 25 | 2014 | Yobe State | Nigeria | 59 | ? | FMA | Boko Haram suspected | Yes | ||
| 12. | Thammasat University massacre | Oct 6 | 1976 | Sanam Luang | Thailand | 46-100+ | 167 | FO | Police, Army and right- wing paramilitary Red Gaurs, Nawaphon and Village Scouts | No | None | |
| 13. | Chencholai bombing | Aug 14 | 2006 | Mullaitivu | Sri Lanka | 61 | 155 | O | Sri Lankan Air Force[3] | No | None | |
| 14. | Aleppo Artillery School massacre | June 16 | 1979 | Aleppo | Syria | 50-83 | ? | FE | Muslim Brotherhood | Yes | Escaped | |
| 15. | Bath School disaster[a] | May 18 | 1927 | Bath Township, MI | United States | 45 | 58 | E | Andrew Kehoe, 55 | No | Suicide | |
| 16. | Yobe State school shooting | July 6 | 2013 | Mamudo, Yobe State | Nigeria | 42 | 6+ | FA | Boko Haram | Yes | Escaped | |
| 17. | Nong Bua Lamphu attack | Oct 6 | 2022 | Na Klang district, Nong Bua Lamphu | Thailand | 36 | 10 | FMV | Panya Khamrab (ปัญญา คำราบ) | No | Suicide | |
| 18. | September 2022 Kabul school bombing | Sep 30 | 2022 | Kabul | Afghanistan | 36 | 82 | E | Yes | Suicide | ||
| 19. | Virginia Tech shooting | April 16 | 2007 | Blacksburg, VA | United States | 32 | 17 | F | Seung-Hui Cho, 23 (조승희) | No | Suicide | |
| 20. | Ma'alot massacre | May 15 | 1974 | Ma'alot | Israel | 31 | 70 | FM | Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine | Yes | Killed by police | |
| 21. | Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting[a] | Dec 14 | 2012 | Newtown, CT | United States | 27 | 2 | F | Adam Lanza, 20 | No | Suicide | |
| 22. | Gîsca school bombing | Apr 4 | 1950 | Gîsca, Moldavia | Soviet Union | 23 | ? | E | Vladimir Tatarnikov, 29 | No | Suicide | |
| 23. | Bacha Khan University attack | Jan 20 | 2016 | Charsadda | Pakistan | 22+ | ? | FE | Tehrik-i-Taliban | Yes | N | [4] |
| 24. | Robb Elementary School shooting | May 24 | 2022 | Uvalde, TX | United States | 21 | 18 | F | Salvador Rolando Ramos, 18 | No | Killed by off-duty border patrol agent | [5] |
| 25. | Kerch Polytechnic College attack | Oct 17 | 2018 | Kerch, Crimea | Russia / Ukraine | 20 | 70 | FE | Vladislav Roslyakov, 18 | No | Suicide | |
| 26. | 2004 Dhemaji school bombing | Aug 15 | 2004 | Dhemaji, Assam | India | 18 | 40 | E | United Liberation Front of Assam[6] | Yes | ||
| 27. | University of Texas tower shooting[a] | Aug 1 | 1966 | Austin, TX | United States | 17 | 31 | FM | Charles Whitman, 25 | No | Killed by police | |
| Stoneman Douglas High School shooting | Feb 14 | 2018 | Parkland, FL | United States | 17 | 17 | F | Nikolas Cruz, 19 | No | Life imprisonment | ||
| Dunblane massacre | Mar 13 | 1996 | Dunblane | United Kingdom | 17 | 15 | F | Thomas Hamilton, 43 | No | Suicide | ||
| 28. | Erfurt school massacre | Apr 26 | 2002 | Erfurt | Germany | 16 | 1 | F | Robert Steinhäuser, 19 | No | Suicide | |
| 29. | Winnenden school shooting | Mar 11 | 2009 | Winnenden and Wendlingen | Germany | 15 | 9 | F | Tim Kretschmer, 17 | No | Suicide | |
| 30. | École Polytechnique massacre | Dec 6 | 1989 | Montreal, QC | Canada | 14 | 14 | FM | Marc Lépine, 25 | No | Suicide | |
| 31. | Columbine High School massacre | Apr 20 | 1999 | Columbine, CO | United States | 13 | 24 | F M E | Eric Harris, 18 Dylan Klebold, 17 | No | Both died by suicide | |
| Janaúba massacre | Oct 5 | 2017 | Janaúba | Brazil | 13 | 37 | A | Damião Soares dos Santos, 50 | Perished in the flames | |||
| Chlef school attack | Oct 15 | 2002 | El Hadjadj, Chlef Province | Algeria | 13 | 1 | F | None | [7] | |||
| 34. | Azerbaijan State Oil Academy shooting | Apr 30 | 2009 | Baku | Azerbaijan | 12 | 13 | F | Farda Gadirov, 28 | No | Suicide | [8][9] |
| Rio de Janeiro school shooting | Apr 7 | 2011 | Rio de Janeiro | Brazil | 12 | 22 | F | Wellington Oliveira, 23 | No | Suicide | ||
| Shiguan kindergarten attack | May 8 | 2006 | Shiguan | China | 12 | 5 | MA | Bai Ningyang, 18 (白宁阳) | No | Death penalty | ||
| 36. | Cologne school massacre | Jun 11 | 1964 | Cologne | West Germany | 10 | 22 | FM | Walter Seifert, 42 | No | Suicide | |
| Santa Fe High School shooting | May 18 | 2018 | Santa Fe, TX | United States | 10 | 13 | FE | Dimitrios Pagourtzis, 17 | No | Arrested | ||
| Suzano school shooting (Raul Brasil school) | Mar 13 | 2019 | Suzano | Brazil | 10 | 11 | FME | Guilherme Taucci Monteiro, 17 Luiz Henrique de Castro, 25 | Castro was murdered by Monteiro, who then committed suicide | |||
| Enoch Brown school massacre | Jul 26 | 1764 | Pennsylvania | Pennsylvania | 10 | 2 | FM | |||||
| Kauhajoki school shooting | Sep 23 | 2008 | Kauhajoki | Finland | 10 | 1 | FA | Matti Saari, 22 | No | Suicide | ||
| 42. | Shengshui kindergarten attack | May 12 | 2010 | Linchang | China | 9 | 11 | M | Wu Huanming, 47 (吴焕明) | No | Suicide | [10][11][12][13][14] |
| Kazan school shooting | May 11 | 2021 | Kazan | Russia | 9 | 23 | FE | Ilnaz Galyaviev, 19 | No | Arrested | ||
| Umpqua Community College shooting | Oct 1 | 2015 | Roseburg, OR | United States | 9 | 8 | F | Christopher Harper-Mercer, 26 | No | Suicide | [15] | |
| Red Lake massacre[a] | Mar 21 | 2005 | Red Lake, MN | United States | 9 | 5 | F | Jeffrey Weise, 16 | No | Suicide | ||
| Ruzhou school massacre | Nov 26 | 2004 | Ruzhou | China | 9 | 3 | M | Yan Yanming, 21 (闫彦明) | No | Death penalty | [16][17] | |
| 47. | Osaka school massacre | Jun 8 | 2001 | Ikeda, Osaka | Japan | 8 | 15 | M | Mamoru Takuma, 37 (宅間 守) | No | Death penalty | |
| Mercaz HaRav massacre | Mar 6 | 2008 | Jerusalem | Israel | 8 | 11 | F | Alaa Abu Dhein, 26 (علاء هاشم أبو دهيم) | No | Killed by police | ||
| Nanping school massacre | Mar 23 | 2010 | Nanping | China | 8 | 5 | M | Zheng Minsheng, 41 (郑明生) | No | Death penalty | [18][19][20][21] | |
| Jokela school shooting | Nov 7 | 2007 | Jokela | Finland | 8 | 1 | F A | Pekka-Eric Auvinen, 18 | No | Suicide | ||
| 51. | Kumba school massacre | Oct 24 | 2020 | Kumba, Southwest Region | Cameroon | 7 | 13 | FM | Unknown | ? | ||
| Lyamino School | Feb 11 | 1958 | Lyamino, Perm Krai | Soviet Union | 7 | 6 | F | Michael Tselousov, 24 (Целоусов, Михаил) | No | Sentenced to death and executed | [22] | |
| Burma school massacre | Mar 26 | 1975 | Kachin | Burma | 7 | 5 | M | U Win-maung | No | Killed by police | [23][24] | |
| Zhuping school massacre | Apr 1 | 1996 | Meitian | China | 7 | 5 | M | Wang Xiangjun | No | Arrested | [25][26][27][28] | |
| Oikos University shooting | Apr 2 | 2012 | Oakland, CA | United States | 7 | 3 | F | One Goh, 43 | No | Life imprisonment | ||
| 55. | Perm State University shooting | Sep 20 | 2021 | Perm | Russia | 6 | 47 | F | Timur Bekmansurov, 18 | No | Severely injured and arrested | |
| Anne Anne Kindergarten stabbing[a] | June 3 | 1982 | Sham Shui Po | Hong Kong | 6 | 37 | M | Lee Chi Hang, 28 (李志衡) | No | Sent to psychiatric hospital | ||
| April 2022 Kabul school bombing | April 19 | 2022 | Kabul | Afghanistan | 6 | 25 | E | Yes | Unknown | |||
| Isla Vista killings | May 23 | 2014 | Isla Vista, CA | United States | 6 | 14 | FMV | Elliot Rodger, 22 | No | Suicide | ||
| Sana'a school shooting | Mar 30 | 1997 | Sanaa | Yemen | 6 | 12 | F | Mohammed Ahmad Misleh al-Nazari, 48 | No | Death penalty | [29] | |
| Durvenitsa school massacre | Dec 24 | 1974 | Durvenitsa | Bulgaria | 6 | 10 | F | Donchev, Branimir, 17 | No | Arrested | [30][31] | |
| Shafrir synagogue shooting attack | Apr 11 | 1956 | Kfar Chabad | Israel | 6 | 5 | F | Yes | Unknown | |||
| Massacre in the Leningrad higher military political school of Ministry of Internal Affairs | May 19 | 1977 | Leningrad | Soviet Union | 6 | 2 | F | Anatoly Fedorenko (Федоренко, Анатолий) | No | Sentenced to death and executed | [32] | |
| Massacre in the Kamyshin higher military engineer school | Mar 9 | 1997 | Kamyshin | Russia | 6 | 2 | F | Sergei Lepnev, 18 (Лепнев, Сергей) | No | 25 years in prison | [33][34][35] | |
| 64. | Stockton schoolyard shooting | Jan 17 | 1989 | Stockton, CA | United States | 5 | 32 | F A | Patrick Purdy, 24 | No | Suicide | |
| Atzmona school shooting | Mar 7 | 2002 | Atzmona | Gaza Strip | 5 | 23 | F E | Mohammed Fathi Farhat, 17 (محمد فتحي فرحات) | No | Killed by soldiers | [36][37][38] | |
| Poe Elementary School bombing | Sep 15 | 1959 | Houston, TX | United States | 5 | 19 | E | Paul Harold Orgeron, 49 | No | Killed by the explosion | [39] | |
| Northern Illinois University shooting | Feb 14 | 2008 | DeKalb, IL | United States | 5 | 17 | F | Steven Kazmierczak, 27 | No | Suicide | ||
| Eppstein school shooting | June 3 | 1983 | Eppstein | West Germany | 5 | 14 | F | Karel Charva, 34 | No | Suicide | [40][41] | |
| Obafemi Awolowo University massacre | Jul 10 | 1999 | Ifẹ, Osun State | Nigeria | 5 | 11 | FM | Black Axe | No | |||
| Westside Middle School massacre | March 24 | 1998 | Jonesboro, AR | United States | 5 | 10 | F | Andrew Golden, 11 Mitchell Johnson, 13 | No | Both imprisoned until their 21st birthday | ||
| West Nickel Mines School shooting | Oct 2 | 2006 | Nickel Mines, PA | United States | 5 | 5 | F | Charles Roberts, 32 | No | Suicide | ||
| Huaiji school massacre | Nov 26 | 2002 | Huaiji | China | 5 | 2 | M | Shi Ruoqiu, 30 (施若丘") | No | Arrested | [42][43] | |
| Mesa school massacre | Nov 12 | 1966 | Mesa, AZ | United States | 5 | 2 | F | Robert Smith, 18 | No | Life imprisonment | [44] | |
| 2013 Santa Monica shooting | June 7 | 2013 | Santa Monica, CA | United States | 5 | 2 | F A | John Zawahri, 23 | No | Killed by police | ||
| University of Iowa shooting | Nov 1 | 1991 | Iowa City, IA | United States | 5 | 1 | F | Gang Lu, 28 (卢刚) | No | Suicide | ||
| Veshkayma kindergarten shooting | Apr 26 | 2022 | Veshkayma, Ulyanovsk Oblast | Russia | 5 | 1 | F | Ruslan Akhtyamov | No | Suicide | ||
| San Juan massacre | Oct 10 | 1977 | San Juan | Trinidad and Tobago | 5 | 0 | M | Arrested | [45] | |||
| Maradi massacre | Jan 10 | 1994 | Maradi | Niger | 5 | 0 | M | Arrested | [46] | |||
| 78. | Thurston High School shooting[a] | May 20/21 | 1998 | Springfield, OR | United States | 4 | 25 | F | Kipland Kinkel, 15 | No | Life imprisonment | [47] |
| Bremen school shooting | June 20 | 1913 | Bremen | Germany | 4 | 21 | F | Heinz Schmidt, 29 | No | Sent to psychiatric hospital | ||
| Linwu school massacre | Sep 30 | 2004 | Linwu | China | 4 | 12 | M | Liu Hongwen, 28 (刘洪文) | No | Sent to psychiatric hospital | [48] | |
| Dendermonde nursery attack | Jan 16/23 | 2009 | Beveren and Sint-Gillis-bij-Dendermonde | Belgium | 4 | 12 | M | Kim De Gelder, 20 | No | Life imprisonment | ||
| Lindhurst High School shooting | May 1 | 1992 | Olivehurst, CA | United States | 4 | 10 | F | Eric Houston, 20 | No | Death penalty | ||
| La Loche shootings | Jan 24 | 2016 | La Loche, SK | Canada | 4 | 7 | F | Randan Dakota Fontaine, 17[49] | No | Life imprisonment | [50] | |
| Oxford High School shooting | Nov 30 | 2021 | Oxford Township, Michigan | United States | 4 | 7 | F | Ethan Crumbley, 15 | No | Arrested | [51][52] | |
| 2007 Colorado YWAM and New Life shootings | Dec 9 | 2007 | Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO | United States | 4 | 5 | F | Matthew Murray, 24 | No | Suicide | ||
| Colegio Americano del Noreste shooting | Jan 18 | 2017 | Monterrey, Nuevo León | Mexico | 2 | 5 | F | Federico Guevara, 15 | No | Suicide | [53] | |
| Suixi school massacre | Jan 26 | 2003 | Suixi | China | 4 | 3 | M | Chen Peiquan, 35 | No | Arrested | [54] | |
| Illinois school massacre | Sep 23 | 1988 | Chicago, IL | United States | 4 | 2 | F | Clemmie Henderson, 40 | No | Killed by police | [55] | |
| Gongyi school massacre | Sep 14 | 2011 | Gongyi | China | 4 | 2 | M | Wang Hongbin, 30 | No | Arrested | [56] | |
| Marysville shooting | Oct 24 | 2014 | Marysville, WA | United States | 4 | 3 | F | Jaylen Fryberg, 15 | No | Suicide | [57] | |
| Concordia University massacre | Aug 24 | 1992 | Montreal, QC | Canada | 4 | 1 | F | Valery I. Fabrikant, 52 | No | Life imprisonment | [58] | |
| Gulbene school massacre | Feb 22 | 1999 | Gulbene | Latvia | 4 | 1 | M | Alexander Koryakov, 19 | No | Life imprisonment | [59] | |
| 2001 Isla Vista killings | Feb 24 | 2001 | Isla Vista, CA | United States | 4 | 1 | V | David Attias, 18 | No | Sent to psychiatric hospital | [60] | |
| Ozar Hatorah shooting | March 19 | 2012 | Toulouse | France | 4 | 1 | F | Mohammed Merah, 23 | No | Killed by police | [61] | |
| Kunming school killings | Feb 13–15 | 2004 | Kunming | China | 4 | 0 | M | Ma Jiajue, 23 (馬加爵) | No | Death penalty | [62] | |
| 96. | Wilno school massacre | May 6 | 1925 | Wilno | Poland | 3–6 | 4–11 | F E | Stanisław Ławrynowicz, Janusz Obrąbalski | No | Both died by suicide | |
| Zibo school massacre | Aug 3 | 2010 | Zibo | China | 3–4 | 7–20 | M | Fang Jiantang, 26 (方建堂) | No | Death penalty | [63] |
Notes
Rampage killers
This section of the list of rampage killers contains those cases that occurred at pre-schools, schools and universities, as well as their affiliated buildings, and are considered lone wolf attacks. If the perpetrator was a member of the school staff and the victims primarily his colleagues, the case is not included here, but it is added to the list of rampage workplace killings.
A rampage killer has been defined as follows:
A rampage involves the (attempted) killing of multiple persons least partly in public space by a single physically present perpetrator using (potentially) deadly weapons in a single event without any cooling-off period.[64]
This list should contain every case with at least one of the following features:
- Rampage killings with 6 or more dead
- Rampage killings with at least 4 people killed and least ten victims overall (dead plus injured)
- Rampage killings with at least 2 people killed and least 12 victims overall (dead plus injured)
- An incidence of rampage killing shall not be included in this list if it does not include at least two people killed.
- In all cases the perpetrator is not counted among those killed or injured.
| Perpetrator | Date | Year | Location | Country | Killed | Injured | W | Additional Notes | Ref. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Kehoe, Andrew Philip, 55[a] | May 18 | 1927 | Bath Township, Michigan | United States | 44 | 58 | FME | Committed suicide Also killed numerous animals | |
| 2. | Khamrab, Panya, 34 (ปัญญา คำราบ) | Oct. 6 | 2022 | Na Klang | Thailand | 36 | 10 | FMV | Committed suicide | |
| 3. | Cho, Seung-Hui, 23 (조승희) | April 16 | 2007 | Blacksburg, Virginia | United States | 32 | 17 | F | Committed suicide | |
| 4. | Lanza, Adam Peter, 20[a] | Dec. 14 | 2012 | Newtown, Connecticut | United States | 26 | 2 | F | Committed suicide | |
| 5. | Tatarnikov, Vladimir Georgievich, 29 (Татарников, Владимир Георгиевич) | April 4 | 1950 | Gîsca, Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic | Soviet Union | 23 | ? | E | Committed suicide | |
| 6. | Ramos, Salvador Rolando, 18[a] | May 24 | 2022 | Uvalde, Texas | United States | 21 | 18 | F | Killed by police | |
| 7. | Roslyakov, Vladislav Igorevich, 18 (Росляков, Владислав Игоревич) | Oct. 17 | 2018 | Kerch | 20 | 70 | F E | Committed suicide | ||
| 8. | Kazantsev, Artyom, 34 (Артём Казанцев) | Sept. 26 | 2022 | Izhevsk | Russia | 17 | 24 | F | Committed suicide | |
| 9. | Cruz, Nikolas Jacob, 19 | Feb. 14 | 2018 | Parkland, Florida | United States | 17 | 17 | F | Sentenced to life imprisonment | |
| 10. | Hamilton, Thomas Watt, 43 | March 13 | 1996 | Dunblane | United Kingdom | 17 | 15 | F | Committed suicide | |
| 11. | Whitman, Charles Joseph, 25[a] | Aug. 1 | 1966 | Austin, Texas | United States | 16 | 31 | FM | Killed by police Terminated a pregnancy One of the victims died in 2001; attributed to this event | |
| 12. | Steinhäuser, Robert, 19 | April 26 | 2002 | Erfurt | Germany | 16 | 1 | F | Committed suicide | |
| 13. | Kretschmer, Tim, 17 | March 11 | 2009 | Winnenden and Wendlingen | Germany | 15 | 9 | F | Committed suicide | |
| 14. | Lépine, Marc, 25 | Dec. 6 | 1989 | Montreal, Quebec | Canada | 14 | 14 | FM | Committed suicide | |
| 15. | Harris, Eric David, 18 Klebold, Dylan Bennet, 17 | April 20 | 1999 | Columbine, Colorado | United States | 13 | 21 | F O | Both committed suicide | |
| 16. | Menezes de Oliveira, Wellington, 23 | April 7 | 2011 | Rio de Janeiro | Brazil | 12 | 22 | F | Committed suicide | |
| 17. | Gadirov, Farda, 28 | April 30 | 2009 | Baku | Azerbaijan | 12 | 13 | F | Committed suicide One more died by jumping out of a window | |
| 18. | Bai Ningyang, 18 (白宁阳) | May 8 | 2006 | Shiguan | China | 12 | 5 | MA | Sentenced to death and executed | |
| 19. | Seifert, Willi Walter, 42 | June 11 | 1964 | Cologne | West Germany | 10 | 22 | FM | Committed suicide | |
| 20. | Pagourtzis, Dimitrios, 17 (suspect) | May 18 | 2018 | Santa Fe, Texas | United States | 10 | 13 | F | Arrested | |
| 21. | Saari, Matti Juhani, 22 | Sept. 23 | 2008 | Kauhajoki | Finland | 10 | 1 | F A | Committed suicide | |
| 22. | Galyaviev, Ilnaz Rinatovich, 19 (Ильназ Галявиев Ринатович) | May 11 | 2021 | Kazan | Russia | 9 | 23 | F E | Arrested and pleaded guilty | |
| 23. | Wu Huanming, 47 (吴焕明) | May 12 | 2010 | Linchang | China | 9 | 11 | M | Committed suicide | |
| 24. | Zhao Zewei, 28 (赵泽伟) | April 27 | 2018 | Yulin | China | 9 | 11 | M | Sentenced to death and executed | [65] |
| 25. | Harper-Mercer, Christopher Sean, 26 | Oct. 1 | 2015 | Roseburg, Oregon | United States | 9 | 8 | F | Committed suicide | |
| 26. | Weise, Jeffrey James, 16[a] | March 21 | 2005 | Red Lake, Minnesota | United States | 9 | 5 | F | Committed suicide | |
| 27. | Yan Yanming, 21 (闫彦明) | Nov. 26 | 2004 | Ruzhou | China | 9 | 3 | M | Sentenced to death and executed | [66] |
| 28. | Takuma, Mamoru, 37 (宅間守) | June 8 | 2001 | Ikeda, Osaka | Japan | 8 | 15 | M | Sentenced to death and executed | |
| 29. | Ala Hisham Abu Dheim, 26 (علاء هاشم أبو دهيم) | March 6 | 2008 | Jerusalem | Israel | 8 | 11 | F | Killed by soldiers | |
| 30. | de Castro, Luiz Henrique, 25 Monteiro, Guilherme Taucci, 17[a] | March 13 | 2019 | Suzano | Brazil | 8 | 11 | FM | Castro killed by Monteiro Monteiro committed suicide | |
| 31. | Donchev, Branimir Delchev, 17 (Бранимир Дончев Делчев) | Dec. 24 | 1974 | Durvenitsa | Bulgaria | 8 | 8 | FM | Found not guilty by reason of insanity Terminated a pregnancy | [67] |
| 32. | Zheng Minsheng, 41 (郑民生) | March 23 | 2010 | Nanping | China | 8 | 5 | M | Sentenced to death and executed | [68] |
| 33. | Yu Hua, 40 (於華) | Sept. 2 | 2019 | Baiyangping | China | 8 | 2 | M | Sentenced to death and executed | [69] |
| 34. | Auvinen, Pekka-Eric, 18 | Nov. 7 | 2007 | Jokela | Finland | 8 | 1 | F A | Committed suicide | |
| 35. | U Win-maung | March 26 | 1975 | Kachin | Burma | 7 | 5 | M | Killed by police | [70] |
| 36. | Wang Xiangjun | April 1 | 1996 | Meitian | China | 7 | 5 | M | Arrested | [71] |
| 37. | Goh, One L., 43 | April 2 | 2012 | Oakland, California | United States | 7 | 3 | F | Sentenced to life imprisonment | |
| 38. | Bekmansurov, Timur Maratovich, 18 (Бекмансуров, Тимур Маратович) (suspect) | Sept. 20 | 2021 | Perm | Russia | 6 | 47 | F | Sentenced to life imprisonment | |
| 39. | Lee Chi Hang, 28[a] (李志衡) | June 3 | 1982 | Sham Shui Po | Hong Kong | 6 | 37 | M | Found not guilty by reason of insanity | |
| 40. | Mohammed Ahmad Misleh al-Nazari, 48 | March 30 | 1997 | Sana'a | Yemen | 6 | 12 | F | Sentenced to death and executed | [72] |
| 41. | Fedorenko, Anatoly (Федоренко, Анатолий) | May 19 | 1977 | Leningrad | Soviet Union | 6 | 2 | F | Sentenced to death and executed | [73] |
| 42. | Lepnev, Sergei, 18 (Лепнев, Сергей) | March 9 | 1997 | Kamyshin | Russia | 6 | 2 | F | Sentenced to death, later changed to life imprisonment, later changed to 25 years in prison | [74] |
| 43. | Purdy, Patrick Edward, 24 | Jan. 17 | 1989 | Stockton, California | United States | 5 | 32 | F A | Committed suicide | |
| 44. | Mohammed Fathi Farhat, 17 (محمد فتحي فرحات) | March 7 | 2002 | Gush Katif | Gaza Strip | 5 | 23 | F E | Killed by soldiers | [75] |
| 45. | Kazmierczak, Steven Phillip, 27 | Feb. 14 | 2008 | DeKalb, Illinois | United States | 5 | 17 | F | Committed suicide | |
| 46. | Charva, Karel, 34 | June 3 | 1983 | Eppstein | West Germany | 5 | 14 | F | Committed suicide | [76] |
| 47. | Golden, Andrew Douglas, 11 Johnson, Mitchell Scott, 13 | March 24 | 1998 | Jonesboro, Arkansas | United States | 5 | 10 | F | Both were imprisoned until their 21st birthday | |
| 48. | Roberts, Charles Carl, 32 | Oct. 2 | 2006 | Nickel Mines, Pennsylvania | United States | 5 | 5 | F | Committed suicide | |
| 49. | Kinkel, Kipland Philip, 15[a] | May 20/21 | 1998 | Springfield, Oregon | United States | 4 | 25 | F | Sentenced to 111 years in prison | [77] |
| 50. | Schmidt, Heinz Jakob Friedrich Ernst, 29 | June 20 | 1913 | Bremen | Germany | 4 | 21 | F | Found not guilty by reason of insanity One more died trying to escape | |
| 51. | Unknown, 16 | Nov. 25 | 2022 | Aracruz | Brazil | 4 | 12 | F | Sentenced to 3 years in prison | |
| 52. | Liu Hongwen, 28 (刘洪文) | Sept. 30 | 2004 | Linwu County | China | 4 | 12 | M | Found not guilty by reason of insanity | [78] |
| 53. | De Gelder, Kim, 20 | Jan. 16/23 | 2009 | Vrasene and Sint-Gillis-bij-Dendermonde | Belgium | 4 | 12 | M | Sentenced to life imprisonment | |
| 54. | Houston, Eric Christopher, 20 | May 1 | 1992 | Olivehurst, California | United States | 4 | 10 | F | Sentenced to death | |
| 55. | Fontaine, Randan Dakota, 17[a] | Jan. 22 | 2016 | La Loche, Saskatchewan | Canada | 4 | 7 | F | Sentenced to life imprisonment | |
| 56. | Crumbley, Ethan, 15 | Nov. 30 | 2021 | Oxford Township, Michigan | United States | 4 | 7 | F | Pleaded guilty | |
| 57. | Fang Jiantang, 26 (方建堂) | Aug. 3 | 2010 | Zibo | China | 3–5 | 6–20 | M | Sentenced to death and executed | [79] |
| 58. | Wu Yechang, 25 (吴业昌) | Sept. 21 | 2012 | Pingnan County | China | 3 | 13 | M | Arrested | [80] |
| 59. | Barbaro, Anthony F., 17 | Dec. 30 | 1974 | Olean, New York | United States | 3 | 11 | F E | Committed suicide while awaiting trial | |
| 60. | Ławrynowicz, Stanisław, 22 Obrapalski, Janusz, 21 | May 6 | 1925 | Wilno/Vilnius | Poland Poland (current day Lithuania) | 3 | 9 | F E | Both committed suicide | |
| 61. | Iwasaki, Ryuichi, 51 (岩崎隆一) | May 28 | 2019 | Kawasaki, Kanagawa Prefecture, | Japan | 2 | 18 | M | Committed suicide | |
| 62. | Martínez Avila, Basilio, 21 | Nov. 13 | 1971 | Guatemala City | Guatemala | 2 | 15 | M | Arrested | [81] |
| 63. | Lu Xiaoxi, 25 (吕晓喜) | Aug. 25 | 1998 | Jiudian | China | 2 | 15 | M | Sentenced to death | [82] |
| 64. | Parker, Gabriel Ross, 15 | Jan. 23 | 2018 | Draffenville, Kentucky | United States | 2 | 14 | F | Sentenced to life imprisonment | |
| 65. | Kausler, Robert, 27 | Dec. 21 | 1972 | Erlangen | West Germany | 2 | 13 | F A | Perished in the fire | [83] |
| 66. | Slobodian, Michael Peter, 16 | May 28 | 1975 | Brampton, Ontario | Canada | 2 | 13 | F | Committed suicide | |
| 67. | Williams, Charles Andrew, 15 | March 5 | 2001 | Santee, California | United States | 2 | 13 | F | Sentenced to 50 years to life imprisonment | |
| 68. | Mitchell, Tyrone, 28 | Feb. 24 | 1984 | Los Angeles, California | United States | 2 | 12 | F | Committed suicide | [84] |
| 69. | Cederholm, Fabian, 18 | Mar. 20 | 2022 | Malmö, Sweden | Sweden | 2 | 0 | M | Sentenced to life imprisonment |
Abbreviations and footnotes
The W-column gives a basic description of the weapons used in the murders
- F – Firearms and other ranged weapons, especially rifles and handguns, but also bows and crossbows, grenade launchers, flamethrowers, or slingshot
- M – Melee weapons, like knives, swords, spears, machetes, axes, clubs, rods, rocks, or bare hands
- O – Any other weapons, such as bombs, hand grenades, Molotov cocktails, poison and poisonous gas, as well as vehicle and arson attacks
- A – indicates that an arson attack was the only other weapon used
- V – indicates that a vehicle was the only other weapon used
- E – indicates that explosives of any sort were the only other weapon used
- P – indicates that an anaesthetising or deadly substance of any kind was the only other weapon used (includes poisonous gas)
See also
- List of disasters in the United States by death toll
- List of school shootings in the United States (before 2000)
- List of school shootings in the United States (2000–present)
- List of school-related attacks
- School bullying
- School shooting
- School violence
- Joe Biden
- Republican Party (United States)
- Democratic Party (United States)
- Barack Obama
- George W. Bush
- United States House of Representatives
- United States Senate
- Supreme Court of the United States
- Central Intelligence Agency
- Federal Bureau of Investigation
References
- ^ "Eastern University Massacre: Missing, Missing, Missing For 25 Years". Colombo Telegraph. September 4, 2015. Retrieved July 8, 2021.
- ^ "Security tightened in Sulawesi". Taipei Times. September 24, 2006. from the original on January 2, 2018. Retrieved January 18, 2021.
- ^ Anjali Manivannan (August 14, 2016). "Impunity Reigns In Sri Lanka's August 14, 2006 Bombing Of Schoolgirls". Forbes. Retrieved July 8, 2021.
- ^ Sophia Saifi; Ben Brumfield; Euan McKirdy. "At least 22 killed in attack on Bacha Khan University in Pakistan". CNN. from the original on March 14, 2018. Retrieved February 24, 2018.
- ^ Hennessy-Fiske, Molly; Jarvie, Jenny; Winton, Richard; Martinez, Christian (May 24, 2022). "19 children, 2 adults killed in Texas in the deadliest school shooting since Sandy Hook". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved May 25, 2022.
- ^ Naqvi, Sadiq (July 4, 2019). "Four sentenced to life for role in 2004 Dhemaji bombing". Hindustan Times.
- ^ "Algerian Islamic students shot dead". BBC News. October 16, 2002. from the original on March 2, 2018. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
- ^ 13 Dead in Azerbaijan School Shooting, The New York Times (April 30, 2009)[dead link]
- ^ . April 30, 2009. Archived from the original on May 2, 2009. Retrieved January 18, 2021.
- ^ . May 12, 2010. Archived from the original on May 15, 2010. Retrieved December 19, 2020.
- ^ Man kills nine in Chinese nursery rampage February 5, 2016, at the Wayback Machine, The Guardian (May 12, 2010)
- ^ 陕西南郑一私人幼儿园发生砍杀事件 致9死11伤 May 14, 2010, at the Wayback Machine, chinanews.com.cn (May 12, 2010)
- ^ 陝西南鄭幼兒園血案死亡人數升至9人 May 14, 2010, at the Wayback Machine, BBC (May 12, 2010)
- ^ 愚昧汉子持刀砍人发泄“怨恨 June 10, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, sina.com.cn (May 14, 2010)
- ^ Dirk Vanderhart; Kirk Johnson; Julie Turkewitz (October 1, 2015). "Oregon Shooting at Umpqua College Kills 10, Sheriff Says". The New York Times. from the original on February 18, 2018. Retrieved February 15, 2018.
- ^ Man held over China school deaths May 7, 2010, at the Wayback Machine, BBC News (November 26, 2002)
- ^ Neunfacher Kindermörder hingerichtet January 22, 2005, at the Wayback Machine, Spiegel Online (January 20, 2005)
- ^ Bodeen, Christopher (March 23, 2010). "Man stabs, kills 8 children at Chinese school". Hartford Courant. Retrieved December 19, 2020.
- ^ Man stabs, kills 8 children outside school in China, Los Angeles Times (March 23, 2010)
- ^ . March 23, 2005. Archived from the original on June 10, 2011. Retrieved December 19, 2020.
- ^ 福建一小学突发惨剧，一男子持刀行凶致小学生8死5伤 June 10, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, sina.com.cn (March 24, 2010)
- ^ [1] (Page 134-147)
- ^ Un directeur d'école tue 7 de ses élèves July 25, 2014, at the Wayback Machine, L'Impartial (March 27, 1973)
- ^ "Knife-wielding principal kills 7 Burmese pupils, wounds 5 others". NewspaperArchive. Heritage Microfilm, Inc. March 26, 1975. Retrieved December 19, 2020.
- ^ Children stabbed, The Straits Times (April 7, 1996)
- ^ Fusillade dans une école en Allemagne : 16 morts, dont le tireur April 14, 2009, at the Wayback Machine, Ouest-France (March 11, 2009)
- ^ Quadro dos piores massacres nos últimos 15 anos September 27, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, abril.com (March 11, 2009)
- ^ 1989年至2000年大事记 December 5, 2014, at the Wayback Machine, news.eyizhang.com (2012-10-28)
- ^ . HighBeam Research. The Washington Post. April 6, 1997. Archived from the original on March 29, 2015. Retrieved December 19, 2020.
- ^ . Archived from the original on November 7, 2012. Retrieved December 19, 2020.
- ^ Student runs amok, kills six, Cedar Rapids Gazette (December 27, 1974)
- ^ [2] (Page 188-190)
- ^ Police arrest cadet suspected of shooting dead six at military training college, Interfax (March 9, 1997) October 31, 2015, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Курсант расстрелял восемь сослуживцев, Kommersant (March 9, 1997)
- ^ За что расстреляли шестерых курсантов? March 15, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, rodgor.ru (April 22, 2009)
- ^ Mideast Turmoil: The Scene; Arab Child Of Uprising Grew Up Into Gunman, The New York Times (March 9, 2002)
- ^ In Growing Numbers, Palestinian Boys Are Choosing the Brief Life of a 'Martyr' March 13, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, Los Angeles Times (June 10, 2002)
- ^ Dudkevitch, Margot (March 8, 2002). . Casualties of War. Archived from the original on August 16, 2011. Retrieved December 19, 2020.
- ^ "Poe school coverage detailed a tragedy". Houston Chronicle. from the original on October 7, 2017. Retrieved November 23, 2017.
- ^ 19 Jahre nach Schul-Amoklauf Archived February 12, 2013, at archive.today, dpa (April 30, 2002)
- ^ West German police describe Czech gunman as smart and loner, Philadelphia Inquirer (June 6, 1983)
- ^ "Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, Guangdong knife cut into the campus hanged 5 students were sentenced to death". from the original on July 18, 2011.
- ^ 疯子持刀闯校园5死2伤:家长获赔18万元 October 2, 2015, at the Wayback Machine, Guangzhou Daily (November 24, 2004)
- ^ "Crime: Slaughter in the College of Beauty". Time. November 18, 1966. from the original on October 2, 2015.
- ^ "Runs amok, kills 5 in school". Chicago Tribune. October 11, 1977. from the original on February 2, 2016.
- ^ "World Briefly". Fort Worth Star-Telegram. January 11, 1994.
- ^ Oregon families trying to make sense of killing, Rome News-Tribune (May 22, 1998)
– A difficult first day back, Charlotte Observer (May 27, 1998)
– Wjo is Kip Kinkel?: Timeline June 16, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, Frontline (June 24, 2007) - ^ 湖南小学老师校园内行凶 砍死4学童砍伤16师生 June 10, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, Xinhua (October 7, 2004)
– Teacher killing 4 students declared schizophrenic December 26, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, China Daily (November 11, 2004)
– Four killed in teacher's meat cleaver attack August 21, 2010, at the Wayback Machine, Independenz Online (October 7, 2004) - ^ "'Don't shoot me': Complete chilling account of La Loche mass shooting now public | CBC News".
- ^ Graham, Jennifer (January 23, 2016). "Teen, 17, charged with four counts of murder in Saskatchewan school shooting". cp24.com. from the original on April 6, 2016. Retrieved November 23, 2017.
- ^ Vera, Amir (December 1, 2021). "Authorities look for motive with 15-year-old Michigan high school shooting suspect in custody. Here's what we know". CNN. from the original on December 1, 2021. Retrieved April 19, 2022.
- ^ Albeck-Ripka, Livia; Kasakove, Sophie (December 1, 2021). "What We Know About the Michigan High School Shooting". The New York Times. from the original on December 2, 2021. Retrieved April 19, 2022.
- ^ "Un estudiante mexicano dispara contra sus compañeros y una profesora en un colegio de Monterrey". The New York Times. January 18, 2017.
- ^ "news content". China Daily. from the original on September 18, 2017. Retrieved November 23, 2017.
- ^ "Chicago Man Kills 4 and Wounds 2 Before Dying in a Shootout". The New York Times. September 23, 1988. from the original on February 27, 2013.
- ^ Hong, Haolan; FlorCruz, Jaime. "6 die in China ax attack". CNN. from the original on December 12, 2013. Retrieved November 23, 2017.
- ^ "2 dead, including student gunman, in shooting at Wash. state high school" October 24, 2014, at the Wayback Machine, Fox News (October 24, 2014)
– "Third victim in Washington state school shooting rampage dies" November 1, 2014, at the Wayback Machine, Yahoo! News (October 31, 2014)
– Liza Javier (October 31, 2014). . KING. Archived from the original on November 2, 2014. Retrieved November 3, 2014.
– Liza Javier (November 7, 2014). . KING. Archived from the original on November 8, 2014. Retrieved November 9, 2014. - ^ John Scott Cowan, Lessons from the Fabrikant File: A Report to the Board of Governors of Concordia University July 9, 2014, at the Wayback Machine, May 1994, Concordia University Records Management and Archives, accessed April 4, 2012
- ^ "Town in shock after slaying of kindergartners and teacher". Associated Press. February 23, 1999.
[3] 3/ - ^ Welsh, Nick (September 4, 2012). "Conditional Release for David Attias". Santa Barbara Independent. from the original on March 6, 2018. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
- ^ Roy, Olivier (March 23, 2012). "Loner, Loser, Killer". The New York Times. from the original on September 4, 2017.
- ^ "Student killer an introvert who finally cracks". China Daily. from the original on March 21, 2004. Retrieved November 23, 2017.
- ^ Four dead in China kindergarten attack October 31, 2010, at the Wayback Machine, CNN (August 4, 2010)
– China school attack kills at least three children August 4, 2010, at the Wayback Machine, BBC News (August 4, 2010)
– 4 Believed Dead in China School Attack March 8, 2017, at the Wayback Machine, The New York Times (August 4, 2010)
– At least three dead in knife attack on China school March 5, 2014, at the Wayback Machine, AFP (August 4, 2010)
–
– In China, school attacks expose divides September 28, 2010, at the Wayback Machine, The Hindu (September 26, 2010) - ^ Seeger, Thorsten (ed.) School Shootings: International Research, Case Studies, and Concepts for Prevention; Springer, 2012.
- ^ "China Executes Man who Killed 9 Students in School Stabbing". handsoffcain.info. September 28, 2018. Retrieved November 24, 2019.
- ^ Man held over China school deaths, BBC News (November 26, 2002)
– Neunfacher Kindermörder hingerichtet, Spiegel Online (January 20, 2005) - ^ Berserk Youth Kills 6 at Hostel, Los Angeles Times (December 27, 1974)
– Student runs amok, kills six, Cedar Rapids Gazette (December 27, 1974) - ^ Man stabs, kills 8 children at Chinese school, Associated Press (March 23, 2010)
– Man stabs, kills 8 children outside school in China, Los Angeles Times (March 23, 2010)
– , Xinhua (March 23, 2010)
– 福建一小学突发惨剧，一男子持刀行凶致小学生8死5伤, sina.com.cn (March 24, 2010) - ^ "湖北恩施伤害小学生致8死案罪犯被执行死刑，一审后未上诉_一号专案_澎湃新闻-The Paper". www.thepaper.cn.
- ^ Un directeur d'école tue 7 de ses élèves, L'Impartial (March 27, 1973)
– Knife-wielding principal kills 7 Burmese pupils, wounds 5 others, The Dover Times-Reporter (March 26, 1975) - ^ Children stabbed, The Straits Times (April 7, 1996)
– Fusillade dans une école en Allemagne : 16 morts, dont le tireur, Ouest-France (March 11, 2009)
– Quadro dos piores massacres nos últimos 15 anos 2011-09-27 at the Wayback Machine, abril.com (March 11, 2009)
– 1989年至2000年大事记, news.eyizhang.com (2012-10-28) - ^ , The Washington Post (April 6, 1997)
- ^ [4] (Page 188-190)
[5]
[6] - ^ Police arrest cadet suspected of shooting dead six at military training college, Interfax (March 9, 1997)
– Курсант расстрелял восемь сослуживцев, Kommersant (March 9, 1997)
– За что расстреляли шестерых курсантов? 2012-03-15 at the Wayback Machine, rodgor.ru (April 22, 2009) - ^ Mideast Turmoil: The Scene; Arab Child Of Uprising Grew Up Into Gunman, The New York Times (March 9, 2002)
– In Growing Numbers, Palestinian Boys Are Choosing the Brief Life of a 'Martyr', Los Angeles Times (June 10, 2002)
– Terrorist kills five in Atzmona. Hamas claims midnight Gaza attack 2011-08-16 at the Wayback Machine, Jerusalem Post (March 8, 2002) - ^ 19 Jahre nach Schul-Amoklauf Archived 2013-02-12 at archive.today, Deutsche Presse-Agentur (April 30, 2002)
– West German police describe Czech gunman as smart and loner, Philadelphia Inquirer (June 6, 1983) - ^ Oregon families trying to make sense of killing, Rome News-Tribune (May 22, 1998)
– A difficult first day back, Charlotte Observer (May 27, 1998)
– Who is Kip Kinkel?: Timeline, Frontline (June 24, 2007) - ^ 湖南小学老师校园内行凶 砍死4学童砍伤16师生, Xinhua (October 7, 2004)
– Teacher killing 4 students declared schizophrenic, China Daily (November 11, 2004)
– Four killed in teacher's meat cleaver attack, Independenz Online (October 7, 2004) - ^ Four dead in China kindergarten attack, CNN (August 4, 2010)
– China school attack kills at least three children, BBC News (August 4, 2010)
– 4 Believed Dead in China School Attack, The New York Times (August 4, 2010)
– At least three dead in knife attack on China school, AFP (August 4, 2010)
– , Xinhua (August 4, 2010)
– In China, school attacks expose divides, The Hindu (September 26, 2010) - ^ 3 children killed in nursery rampage, People's Daily (September 22, 2012)
– Suicide-attempting child killer blames frustration for attack, China Daily (September 22, 2012)
– 广西平南县"9.21"故意杀人案 致3人死亡13人受伤, Sohu (September 22, 2012) - ^ Student amok kills two, The Straits Times (November 15, 1971)
– Machete slayings, Des Moines Register (November 15, 1971) - ^ Ex-soldier runs amok in school 2011-06-29 at the Wayback Machine, The Standard (October 5, 1998)
– Chinese ex-soldier slashes 23 in school rampage, Reuters (October 4, 1998)
– 教师持刀杀学生案, edulawonline.com
– 优秀教师血洗校园 December 26, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, 66163.com - ^ Five die as jilted students runs amuck in Bavaria, The Times (December 22, 1972)
– Student lief amok, Hamburger Abendblatt (December 21, 1972)
– Verschmähte Liebe kostete drei jungen Menschen das Leben, Hamburger Abendblatt (December 22, 1972) - ^ Jonestown specter haunted sniper, Mohave Daily Miner (February 26, 1984)
– Mystery sniper sprays LA schoolyard, The Courier (February 26, 1984)
– Sniper kills 1, wounds 12 at L.A. school playground, St. Petersburg Times (February 25, 1984)
– School sniper victim dies, Oxnard Press-Courier (April 15, 1984)
External links
- Post traumatic stress disorder information for caregivers, professionals and clinicians from The National Child Traumatic Stress Network