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Hu (surname)

January 01, 1970

Hu (胡) is a Chinese surname. In 2006, it was the 15th most common surname in China.[1][2] In 2013, it was the 13th most common in China, with 13.7 million Chinese sharing this surname.[3] In 2019, Hu dropped to 15th most common surname in Mainland China.[4]

Some other, less common surnames pronounced Hu include 瓠, 護, 戶, 扈, 虎, 呼, 忽, 斛 and 壶. In Cantonese, “胡” is also pronounced as "Wu" or "Woo".

Meaning edit

In Classical Chinese, hú 胡 meant: "dewlap; wattle" and was a variant Chinese character for "how; why; what" (he 何), "long-lasting; far-reaching" (xia 遐), "part of a dagger-axe", hu- in "butterfly" (hudie 蝴蝶), or possibly "Northern Barbarians".[5]

History edit

According to tradition, the Hu (胡) surname has several historical origins. First, Hu could derive from the family of Duke Hu of Chen. King Wu of Zhou (r. 1046-043 BCE) enfeoffed his son-in-law Gui Man 媯滿 (supposedly a descendant of the legendary sage king Emperor Shun) with the state of Chen (in modern Henan Province). His posthumous name was Duke Hu, and some of his descendants adopted Hu as their surname. Second, Hu could derive from two Zhou vassal states named Hu 胡, one located near Luohe (Henan Province) or another near Fuyang (Anhui Province). Third, Hu could derive from non-Chinese people adopting it as their surname. For example, in the 496 Change of Xianbei names to Han names, Hegu/Gegu 紇骨 was changed to Hu 胡. Fourth, Hu could derive from the clan name of the ancient Tiele people within the Xiongnu confederation.[citation needed]

Non-Chinese peoples and ethnic minorities in China sometimes took the Chinese exonym for their ethnic group as their surname. The best example is Hu 胡, which was anciently used to refer to "barbarian" groups on the northern and western frontiers of China.

Hu (胡) was used for various northern and western peoples of non-Han Chinese stock. It has been used for people of Persian, Sogdian, Turkic, Xianbi, Indian and Kushan origin and occasionally for the Xiongnu (probably because of their connections with the Tonghu or Eastern Hu – a separate tribe conquered by the Xiongnu).[6]

Two historically significant Hu names are Donghu 東胡 (literally "Eastern Barbarians") "ancient Mongolian nomadic group" and the Wu Hu 五胡 ("Five Barbarians") "five nomadic tribes involved in the Wu Hu uprising" (304-316 CE) against the Jin dynasty. Hu (Foochow Romanized: Hù; POJ: Hô or Ô) was also one of the eight surnames of the first Han Chinese clans who first moved out the Central Plains into Fujian province (八姓入閩; Foochow Romanized: Báik Sáng Ĭk Mìng) during this conflict.[citation needed]

The Hồ 胡 clan which founded the Hồ dynasty in Vietnam originated in Zhejiang province of China.[7][8]

The Hu family of Xidi are descended from Hu Shiliang, from Wuyuan, who was a descendant of Hu Changyi, a son of Emperor Zhaozong of Tang who was adopted by the Wuyuan Hu family.[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]

Based on a study in 2020, Hu is a common surname in Italy due to significant amount of immigration population from Zhejiang.[17][18]

The surname 虎 (Hǔ), which means "Tiger", is rare in China to the point where many people are not aware that it is used as a surname. Some believe it comes from the name of a 4,300-year-old chancellor, while others believe it originates among the Hui Muslim minority.[19][20][21]

Notable people edit

 
Hu Jintao (胡锦涛)
 
Hu Dahai (胡大海)

See also edit

  • Ho, variant of surname Hu
  • Oh or Ow, Fujian variant of surname Hu

References edit

  1. ^ China renews top 100 surnames, Li still the biggest, People's Daily Online, January 11, 2006.
  2. ^ Meaning of Chinese names - H
  3. ^ Bloomberg News https://www.bloomberg.com/visual-data/best-and-worst//most-common-in-china-surnames. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  4. ^ "新京报 - 好新闻，无止境". www.bjnews.com.cn.
  5. ^ Bernhard Karlgren. Grammata Serica Recensa. Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities. 1957:34.
  6. ^ Hill, John E. (2009) Through the Jade Gate to Rome: A Study of the Silk Routes during the Later Han Dynasty, 1st to 2nd Centuries CE, p. 192. BookSurge, Charleston, South Carolina. ISBN 978-1-4392-2134-1.
  7. ^ Taylor 2013, p. 166.
  8. ^ ed. Hall 2008, p. 161.
  9. ^ "Xidi Village". ChinaTour.Net.
  10. ^ "China Xidi-Huangshan Xidi-Welcome To Xidi". China Xidi.
  11. ^ "Xidi village ancient village in the south of Anhui". China Escapade.
  12. ^ "Xidi Village". Meet China.
  13. ^ 周, 倩, ed. (2015-07-07). "Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui – Xidi and Hongcun". English Rednet.
  14. ^ "Two Beauties Below Yellow Mountain". China Digital Review. July 27, 2015.
  15. ^ "Snapshot of Me: Villages of an Hui". 2012-08-25.
  16. ^ "Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui - Xidi and Hongcun" (PDF). UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 2 December 2000.
  17. ^ "Nella Milano dei signori Hu: "Cognome cinese, ma siamo italiani"". Repubblica. 2020-08-12.
  18. ^ "Hu è il cognome più diffuso a Milano". AGI. 2020-08-11.
  19. ^ Wang, Guanqun, ed. (2010-02-10). . Xinhua. Archived from the original on February 18, 2010. Retrieved 30 April 2013.
  20. ^ "'Tiger' rare but strong family name in China". China Daily. 2010-02-10. Retrieved 30 April 2013.
  21. ^ Yang, Chiu-ying (Mar 25, 2009). "Man on the hunt for rare family names". Taipei Times. p. 4. Retrieved 30 April 2013.

External links edit

  • The Hu Peoples, Silk Road Seattle Virtual Art Exhibit.
  • Non-Chinese peoples and neighboring states: Hu 胡, ChinaKnowledge.
  • 胡, Chinese Text Project
  • Surname HU (胡), Chinese Culture Forum

January 01, 1970
surname, chinese, surname, 2006, 15th, most, common, surname, china, 2013, 13th, most, common, china, with, million, chinese, sharing, this, surname, 2019, dropped, 15th, most, common, surname, mainland, china, huchinese, namechinese胡transcriptionsstandard, ma. Hu 胡 is a Chinese surname In 2006 it was the 15th most common surname in China 1 2 In 2013 it was the 13th most common in China with 13 7 million Chinese sharing this surname 3 In 2019 Hu dropped to 15th most common surname in Mainland China 4 HuChinese nameChinese胡TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinHuWade GilesHuWuRomanizationghuYue CantoneseYale RomanizationWuhJyutpingWu4Southern MinHokkien POJHo O Eastern MinFuzhou BUCHuVietnamese nameVietnamese alphabetHồKorean nameHangul호TranscriptionsRevised RomanizationHoJapanese nameKanji胡TranscriptionsRomanizationKo Some other less common surnames pronounced Hu include 瓠 護 戶 扈 虎 呼 忽 斛 and 壶 In Cantonese 胡 is also pronounced as Wu or Woo Contents 1 Meaning 2 History 3 Notable people 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksMeaning editIn Classical Chinese hu 胡 meant dewlap wattle and was a variant Chinese character for how why what he 何 long lasting far reaching xia 遐 part of a dagger axe hu in butterfly hudie 蝴蝶 or possibly Northern Barbarians 5 History editAccording to tradition the Hu 胡 surname has several historical origins First Hu could derive from the family of Duke Hu of Chen King Wu of Zhou r 1046 043 BCE enfeoffed his son in law Gui Man 媯滿 supposedly a descendant of the legendary sage king Emperor Shun with the state of Chen in modern Henan Province His posthumous name was Duke Hu and some of his descendants adopted Hu as their surname Second Hu could derive from two Zhou vassal states named Hu 胡 one located near Luohe Henan Province or another near Fuyang Anhui Province Third Hu could derive from non Chinese people adopting it as their surname For example in the 496 Change of Xianbei names to Han names Hegu Gegu 紇骨 was changed to Hu 胡 Fourth Hu could derive from the clan name of the ancient Tiele people within the Xiongnu confederation citation needed Non Chinese peoples and ethnic minorities in China sometimes took the Chinese exonym for their ethnic group as their surname The best example is Hu 胡 which was anciently used to refer to barbarian groups on the northern and western frontiers of China Hu 胡 was used for various northern and western peoples of non Han Chinese stock It has been used for people of Persian Sogdian Turkic Xianbi Indian and Kushan origin and occasionally for the Xiongnu probably because of their connections with the Tonghu or Eastern Hu a separate tribe conquered by the Xiongnu 6 Two historically significant Hu names are Donghu 東胡 literally Eastern Barbarians ancient Mongolian nomadic group and the Wu Hu 五胡 Five Barbarians five nomadic tribes involved in the Wu Hu uprising 304 316 CE against the Jin dynasty Hu Foochow Romanized Hu POJ Ho or O was also one of the eight surnames of the first Han Chinese clans who first moved out the Central Plains into Fujian province 八姓入閩 Foochow Romanized Baik Sang Ĭk Ming during this conflict citation needed The Hồ 胡 clan which founded the Hồ dynasty in Vietnam originated in Zhejiang province of China 7 8 The Hu family of Xidi are descended from Hu Shiliang from Wuyuan who was a descendant of Hu Changyi a son of Emperor Zhaozong of Tang who was adopted by the Wuyuan Hu family 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Based on a study in 2020 Hu is a common surname in Italy due to significant amount of immigration population from Zhejiang 17 18 The surname 虎 Hǔ which means Tiger is rare in China to the point where many people are not aware that it is used as a surname Some believe it comes from the name of a 4 300 year old chancellor while others believe it originates among the Hui Muslim minority 19 20 21 Notable people edit nbsp Hu Jintao 胡锦涛 nbsp Hu Dahai 胡大海 Hu Angang Tsinghua University professor Hu Bin Chinese freestyle swimmer Aw Boon Haw 胡文虎 Burmese Chinese entrepreneur and philanthropist founder of Tiger Balm Aw Boon Par 胡文豹 Burmese Chinese entrepreneur and philanthropist Hu Chen pu Minister of Veterans Affairs Commission of the ROC 2007 2008 Aw Cheng Chye Singaporean millionaire and philanthropist Chih Wei Hu MLB pitcher Chin lung Hu born 1984 MLB player Hu Chuanzhi CEO of the China State Shipbuilding Corporation Hu Chunhua 胡春华 member of the 18th and 19th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party Hu Dahai 14th century Hui Muslim general David Hu IIG cofounder sentenced to prison for running a Ponzi scheme David Hu American mathematician roboticist and biologist Hu Denghui 胡登辉 former Chinese international footballer Hu Die actress Movie Queen of the 1930s Evelyn Hu Harvard University professor of applied physics and engineering Evelyn Hu DeHart Brown University professor of history and American studies Hu Feng 胡风 Chinese writer and theorist of arts and literature Hu Fo Taiwanese political scientist and activist Frank Hu Harvard University professor of medicine and public health Hu Ge 胡歌 born 1982 actor Hu Huaibang banker sentenced to life in prison Hu Haichang 1928 2011 Chinese mechanical and aerospace engineer Hu Haiyan Chinese academician and scientist Hu Hanmin Kuomintang politician Hu Hesheng born 1928 Chinese mathematician Jayley Woo and her twin sister Hayley Woo born 27 December 1991 Singaporean actresses Jason Hu 胡志强 Republic of China politician Hu Jia 胡佳 pro democracy activist in the People s Republic of China Jianying Hu American engineer Hu Jimin 1919 1998 Chinese nuclear and plasma physicist and educator Hu Jintao 胡锦涛 former General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party and the paramount leader of China Hu Jinqiu born 1997 Chinese basketball player Julia Hu born 1985 American entrepreneur Hu Jun born 1968 Chinese actor Kelly Hu 胡凯丽 born 1968 American actress Oh Laye Koh 胡立国 Singaporean bus driver and convicted killer Hu Lanqi 胡兰畦 one of the first women generals of the Republic of China and later Communist revolutionary Hu Lien 胡璉 Chinese Nationalist general Hu Mei Ming dynasty sentenced to death by Zhu Yuanzhang Myolie Wu 胡杏兒 Hong Kong singer and actress Hu Nai yuan Taiwanese violinist Nan Hu Chinese physician scientist molecular geneticist and cancer epidemiologist Nancy Wu 胡定欣 Hong Kong actress and singer Hu Ning 1916 1997 Chinese theoretical physicist and educator Hu Peizhao Chinese economist and a professor at Xiamen University Hu Ping Chinese actress Hu Qiaomu 胡乔木 People s Republic of China politician Hu Qili 胡启立 member of the 13th Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party Richard Hu 胡赐道 1926 2023 Finance Minister of Singapore S Jack Hu University of Georgia administrator and professor of engineering Hu Sheng Chinese Marxist theorist and historian Hu Shih 胡适 Chinese writer and scholar Hu Songshan 虎嵩山 Chinese Hui Muslim Imam of the Yihewani sect T C Hu 胡德强 1930 2021 Chinese American computer scientist Hu Ting ting born 1979 English born Taiwanese actress Hailan Hu Chinese neuroscientist Valerie Hu American biochemist Hu Weide 胡惟德 politician and diplomat of the Qing dynasty and the Republic of China Wei Shau Hu American geneticist Wei Shou Hu Taiwanese American chemical engineer Hu Weiyong sentenced to death by Zhu Yuanzhang Wen mei Hwu 胡文美 American computer engineer Yuen Pau Woo 胡元豹 Canadian senator and facilitator of the Independent Senators Group Hu Xiansu 胡先骕 1894 1968 Chinese botanist Gordon Ying Sheung Wu 胡應湘 chairman of the board of Hopewell Holdings Ltd Hu Yaobang 胡耀邦 former chairman and General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party Hu Yepin 胡也频 Chinese writer poet and playwright prominent Chinese socialist Yi Hu American engineer Yinling Hu Chinese molecular biologist Hu Yitian 胡一天 Chinese actor Yuenyong Opakul Thai singer musician songwriter and entrepreneur Hu Zaobin 胡藻斌 early 20th century Chinese painter famous for painting tigers Hu Zhongzao sentenced to death by the Qianlong emperor Hu Zongnan Chinese general in the National Revolutionary Army Hu Zongxian 胡宗憲 Chinese general during the Ming dynasty Hồ Chi Minh 20th century Vietnam communist leader Hồ dynasty of Vietnam 胡朝 Hồ Quy Ly 胡季犛 Hồ Han Thương 胡漢蒼See also editHo variant of surname Hu Oh or Ow Fujian variant of surname HuReferences edit China renews top 100 surnames Li still the biggest People s Daily Online January 11 2006 Meaning of Chinese names H Bloomberg News https www bloomberg com visual data best and worst most common in china surnames a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a Missing or empty title help 新京报 好新闻 无止境 www bjnews com cn Bernhard Karlgren Grammata Serica Recensa Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities 1957 34 Hill John E 2009 Through the Jade Gate to Rome A Study of the Silk Routes during the Later Han Dynasty 1st to 2nd Centuries CE p 192 BookSurge Charleston South Carolina ISBN 978 1 4392 2134 1 Taylor 2013 p 166 ed Hall 2008 p 161 Xidi Village ChinaTour Net China Xidi Huangshan Xidi Welcome To Xidi China Xidi Xidi village ancient village in the south of Anhui China Escapade Xidi Village Meet China 周 倩 ed 2015 07 07 Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui Xidi and Hongcun English Rednet Two Beauties Below Yellow Mountain China Digital Review July 27 2015 Snapshot of Me Villages of an Hui 2012 08 25 Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui Xidi and Hongcun PDF UNESCO World Heritage Centre 2 December 2000 Nella Milano dei signori Hu Cognome cinese ma siamo italiani Repubblica 2020 08 12 Hu e il cognome piu diffuso a Milano AGI 2020 08 11 Wang Guanqun ed 2010 02 10 Tiger a rare but strong family name in China Xinhua Archived from the original on February 18 2010 Retrieved 30 April 2013 Tiger rare but strong family name in China China Daily 2010 02 10 Retrieved 30 April 2013 Yang Chiu ying Mar 25 2009 Man on the hunt for rare family names Taipei Times p 4 Retrieved 30 April 2013 External links editThe Hu Peoples Silk Road Seattle Virtual Art Exhibit Non Chinese peoples and neighboring states Hu 胡 ChinaKnowledge 胡 Chinese Text Project Surname HU 胡 Chinese Culture Forum nbsp This page lists people with the surname Hu If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page you may wish to change that link by adding the person s given name s to the link Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hu surname amp oldid 1214925061, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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