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Wattle (anatomy)

January 07, 2023

A wattle is a fleshy caruncle hanging from various parts of the head or neck in several groups of birds and mammals. Caruncles in birds include those found on the face, wattles, dewlaps, snoods, and earlobes. Wattles are generally paired structures, but may occur as a single structure when it is sometimes known as a dewlap. Wattles are frequently organs of sexual dimorphism. In some birds, caruncles are erectile tissue and may or may not have a feather covering.[1][2]

A rooster's wattles hang from the throat

Wattles are often such a striking morphological characteristic of animals that it features in their common name. For example, the southern and northern cassowaries are known as the double-wattled and single-wattled cassowary, respectively, and a breed of domestic pig is known as the Red Wattle.

Birds

Function

In birds, wattles are often an ornament for courting potential mates. Large wattles are correlated with high testosterone levels, good nutrition, and the ability to evade predators, which in turn indicates a potentially successful mate. Ornamental organs such as wattles may be associated with genes coding for disease resistance.[3] In umbrellabirds, the wattle serves to amplify the birds' calls. [4]

Examples

 
Southern hill myna in southern India showing yellow wattles on the head

Birds with wattles include:

Mammals

Mammals with wattles include:

  • Some domestic goats have fleshy, fur-covered protuberances, called tassels, hanging on either side of the throat.
  • Some domestic pigs, such as the Kunekune, Lithuanian Native pig, and Red Wattle have a fleshy protuberance hanging either side of the throat.

Gallery

  •  

    A common pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) with bright red facial wattles

  •  

    A southern cassowary with double wattles hanging from the throat

  •  

    A goat with small wattles at the base of its throat

  •  

    Red Wattle pig with wattles at the base of the throat

See also

 
Look up wattle in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

References

  1. ^ John James Audubon, Dean Amadon, John L Bull. 1967 The Birds of America
  2. ^ Richard Bowdler Sharpe. 1888. Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum, British Natural History Museum, Department of Zoology
  3. ^ Baratti, Mariella; Ammannati, Martina; Magnelli, Claudia; Massolo, Alessandro; Dessì-Fulgheri, Francesco (2010). "Are large wattles related to particular MHC genotypes in the male pheasant?". Genetica. 138 (6): 657–665. doi:10.1007/s10709-010-9440-5. PMID 20145977. S2CID 35053439.
  4. ^ The Hutchinson encyclopedia - Page 1087 https://books.google.co.uk/books?isbn=1859862888 (Oxford) Helicon Publishing Ltd, Jane Anson, Michael Broers - 2000 - The Amazonian species Cephalopterus ornatus, the ornate umbrella bird, has an inflatable wattle at the neck to amplify its humming call, and in display elevates a long crest (12 cm - 4 in) lying above the bill so that it rises umbrella-like above ...
  5. ^ "Hogan, C. Michael "Wild Turkey: Meleagris gallopavo", GlobalTwitcher.com, ed. N. Stromberg 2008".
  6. ^ John White. 1790. Voyage to New South Wales

January 07, 2023
wattle, anatomy, wattle, fleshy, caruncle, hanging, from, various, parts, head, neck, several, groups, birds, mammals, caruncles, birds, include, those, found, face, wattles, dewlaps, snoods, earlobes, wattles, generally, paired, structures, occur, single, str. A wattle is a fleshy caruncle hanging from various parts of the head or neck in several groups of birds and mammals Caruncles in birds include those found on the face wattles dewlaps snoods and earlobes Wattles are generally paired structures but may occur as a single structure when it is sometimes known as a dewlap Wattles are frequently organs of sexual dimorphism In some birds caruncles are erectile tissue and may or may not have a feather covering 1 2 A rooster s wattles hang from the throat Wattles are often such a striking morphological characteristic of animals that it features in their common name For example the southern and northern cassowaries are known as the double wattled and single wattled cassowary respectively and a breed of domestic pig is known as the Red Wattle Contents 1 Birds 1 1 Function 1 2 Examples 2 Mammals 3 Gallery 4 See also 5 ReferencesBirds EditFunction Edit In birds wattles are often an ornament for courting potential mates Large wattles are correlated with high testosterone levels good nutrition and the ability to evade predators which in turn indicates a potentially successful mate Ornamental organs such as wattles may be associated with genes coding for disease resistance 3 In umbrellabirds the wattle serves to amplify the birds calls 4 Examples Edit Southern hill myna in southern India showing yellow wattles on the head Birds with wattles include From the neck or throat Birds of the genus Casuarius the northern southern and dwarf cassowaries Galliformes e g wild turkeys 5 chickens Some vultures Some lapwings The male of the wattled starling Some 6 Australian wattlebirds Anthochaera spp The New Zealand wattlebirds Callaeidae which include the kokako tieke or saddleback and the huia The wattled crane Bugeranus carunculatus Three neotropical bellbird species From below or around the eyes The African wattle eye or puffback flycatcher The wattled jacana Jacana jacana The African wattled lapwing Vanellus senegallus Many male pheasants Spectacled tyrant Gracula hill mynas Muscovy duck Cairina moschata The English carrier pigeonMammals EditMammals with wattles include Some domestic goats have fleshy fur covered protuberances called tassels hanging on either side of the throat Some domestic pigs such as the Kunekune Lithuanian Native pig and Red Wattle have a fleshy protuberance hanging either side of the throat Gallery Edit A common pheasant Phasianus colchicus with bright red facial wattles A southern cassowary with double wattles hanging from the throat A goat with small wattles at the base of its throat Red Wattle pig with wattles at the base of the throatSee also Edit Look up wattle in Wiktionary the free dictionary Casque anatomy Crest feathers Comb anatomy the fleshy structure present atop the heads of many Galliform species Frontal shield Gular pouch Dubbing poultry wattle amputationReferences Edit John James Audubon Dean Amadon John L Bull 1967 The Birds of America Richard Bowdler Sharpe 1888 Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum British Natural History Museum Department of Zoology Baratti Mariella Ammannati Martina Magnelli Claudia Massolo Alessandro Dessi Fulgheri Francesco 2010 Are large wattles related to particular MHC genotypes in the male pheasant Genetica 138 6 657 665 doi 10 1007 s10709 010 9440 5 PMID 20145977 S2CID 35053439 The Hutchinson encyclopedia Page 1087 https books google co uk books isbn 1859862888 Oxford Helicon Publishing Ltd Jane Anson Michael Broers 2000 The Amazonian species Cephalopterus ornatus the ornate umbrella bird has an inflatable wattle at the neck to amplify its humming call and in display elevates a long crest 12 cm 4 in lying above the bill so that it rises umbrella like above Hogan C Michael Wild Turkey Meleagris gallopavo GlobalTwitcher com ed N Stromberg 2008 John White 1790 Voyage to New South Wales Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Wattle anatomy amp oldid 1121775168, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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