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Faisalabad

March 17, 2024

For the district, see Faisalabad District.

Faisalabad ( /fɑːɪsɑːlˌbɑːd/; Punjabi, Urdu: فیصل آباد, Punjabi pronunciation: [fɛːsə̆ləˌbäːd]; Urdu pronunciation: [fɛːsˈlɑˌbɑːd] ⓘ), formerly known as Lyallpur (Punjabi, Urdu: لائل پور), is the second largest city and industrial centre of the Pakistani province of Punjab. It is a metropolitan city of Pakistan and the third largest and populous city in Pakistan, with an estimated population of 3.7 million in 2023 with the growth rate of 2.37%. It is situated in the north-east of the country, lying between the plains of the Ravi and Chenab River. Faisalabad is one of Pakistan's wealthiest and most industrialized city, the largest industrial hub and second largest city of the wider Punjab region.

Faisalabad
فیصل آباد
Lyallpur
Metropolis
From top, left to right:
Clock Tower, Sikh Gurdwara, Jhal Flyover Circuit House Gardens, Faisalabad Canal, Faisalabad Pindi-Bhattian Interchange
Seal
Nickname: 
The Manchester of Pakistan
Faisalabad
Location of Faisalabad
Faisalabad
Faisalabad (Pakistan)
Coordinates: 31°25′0″N 73°5′28″E / 31.41667°N 73.09111°E / 31.41667; 73.09111
Country Pakistan
Province Punjab
DivisionFaisalabad
DistrictFaisalabad
Settled1892
Founded byJames Broadwood Lyall
Named forFaisal of Saudi Arabia
Government
 • MayorNone (vacant)[1]
 • CommissionerSilwat Saeed[2]
Area
 • City1,330 km2 (512 sq mi)
 • Land840 km2 (325 sq mi)
 • Water430 km2 (165 sq mi)  33%
 • Metro
5,860 km2 (2,261 sq mi)
 • Rank3rd
Elevation
186 m (610 ft)
Population
 (2017)[3][4]
 • City3,204,704
 • Rank3rd, Pakistan
 • Density2,400/km2 (6,300/sq mi)
DemonymFaisalabadi
Time zoneUTC+05:00 (PKT)
Postal code
38000
Area code041
Former NameLyallpur
Official LanguagesUrdu, English
Native languagePunjabi, Urdu
Languages (1981)98.2% Punjabi
1.8% Others[5]
GDP$43 billion (2013)

Historically one of the largest villages of Punjab, Lyallpur was one of the first planned cities within British India, it has long since developed into a cosmopolitan metropolis. Faisalabad was restructured into city district status; a devolution promulgated by the 2001 local government ordinance (LGO). The total area of Faisalabad District is 5,856 km2 (2,261 sq mi)[6] while the area controlled by the Faisalabad Development Authority (FDA) is 1,326 km2 (512 sq mi).[7][8]: 8 

Faisalabad has grown to become a major industrial and distribution centre because of its central location in the region and connecting roads, rails, and air transportation.[9] It has been referred to as the Manchester of Pakistan".[10][11] As of 2013, GDP of Faisalabad was estimated at $43 billion[12] and projected to rise to $87 billion in 2025 at a growth rate of 5.7%.[13] Faisalabad contributes over 10 percent to the Punjab's GDP and has an average annual GDP (nominal) of $20.5 billion.[12] Agriculture and industry remain its hallmark.[14][8]: 41 

Etymology edit

Faisalabad was formerly (until 1977) known as Lyallpur. When founded in 1890 it was named after Sir James Broadwood Lyall, the British lieutenant governor of the Punjab.[15][16] It became headquarters of the Lower Chenab colony and in 1898 was incorporated as a municipality.[17]

In September 1977, the city of Lyallpur was renamed "Faisalabad" by the Government of Pakistan in honor of the Saudi Arabian king Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, respecting his long relationship with Pakistan and its people.[18]

History edit

 
The first university in Lyallpur was built by the British Indian Empire in 1906 with the foundation stone laid by Sir Louis Dane, then Lieutenant and Governor of Punjab.[19]
 
Mohammed Ali Jinnah, in Lyallpur where he gave a historic speech at Dhobi Ghat, c. 1943
 
One of the earlier industrial exhibition at the University of Agriculture, still a major exhibition in the city today, c. 1949
 
Lady Mountbatten, Vicereine of India, among the Hindu evacuees at the Punjab Scouts Camp, Layallpur during partition of British India
 
Gurudawar Layallpur, a Sikh Gurdwara constructed during the reign of the British Empire in 1911

Toponymy edit

The city was settled or established in 1880 during the colonisation of the lower Chenab Valley.[20] This city was settled down by Rai Bahadur Bhavanidas Sikka, after which the British Government granted jagirs to him. After Partition his descendants settled in India, now settled in Mumbai. This city was named in honour of Lieutenant-Governor of the Punjab, Sir James Broadwood Lyall, for his role in establishing the canal colonisation project.[21][22] The surname Lyall was joined with the noun pur, meaning 'city' in Sanskrit.[23]

On 1 September 1977, the Government of Pakistan changed the name of the city from Lyallpur to Faisalabad ('City of Faisal') in honour of King Faisal of Saudi Arabia, who made several financial contributions to Pakistan.[20][24][6]

Early settlements edit

The region encompassing modern day Faisalabad district was originally inhabited by a number of forest-dwelling tribes.[21] It is believed these early settlements belonged to the ancient districts of Jhang and Sandalbar, and included the area between Shahdara to Shorekot and Sangla Hill to Toba Tek Singh.[20] The shrine of Baba Noor Shah Wali was erected in the area in the 1600s.[25]

Development edit

At the conclusion of the Second Anglo-Sikh War in 1849, the entire Punjab region became administered as Punjab province, firstly by the East India Company and after 1858 as part of the British Raj.[26][27]

In the 1880s the Punjab government began an irrigation scheme to cultivate large tracts of western Punjab through the creation of canal colonies.[28] The Chenab colony was the largest of these colonisation projects, and covered the entirety of present-day Faisalabad district. Popham Young, the Colonisation Officer managing the project identified the site of the current city to establish headquarters for the colony.[21][29]

Young designed the settlement's centre to replicate the design in the Union Jack with eight roads extending from a large clock tower at its epicentre;[30] a design geometrically symbolic of the Cross of Saint Andrew counter changed with the Cross of Saint Patrick, and Saint George's Cross over all.[31] The eight roads developed into eight separate bazaars (markets) leading to different regions of the Punjab.[22][32] In 1892, the newly constructed town with its growing agricultural surplus was added to the British rail network.[33] Construction of the rail link between Wazirabad and Lyallpur was completed in 1895.[30] In 1896, Gujranwala, Jhang and Sahiwal comprising the Tehsils of Lyallpur were under the administrative control of the Jhang District.[34] The town became one of the first planned settlements within British India.[14]

In 1904, the new district of Lyallpur was created to include the tehsils of Samundri and Toba Tek Singh with a sub-tehsil at Jaranwala, which later became a full tehsil in itself.[35] The University of Agriculture, originally the Punjab Agricultural College and Research Institute, Lyallpur, was established in 1906.[19] The Town Committee was upgraded to a Municipal Committee in 1909. Lyallpur grew into an established agricultural tool and grain centre.[36] By 1911 the city had a population of 19,578.[21] The 1930s brought industrial growth and market expansion to the textile industry as well as to food processing, grain crushing and chemicals.[22]

Independence edit

In August 1947, following three decades of nationalist struggles, India and Pakistan achieved independence. The British agreed to partition British India into two sovereign states – Pakistan with a Muslim majority, and India with a Hindu majority; however, more Muslims remained in India than what governing authorities believed would assimilate into Pakistan.[37] The partitioning led to a mass migration of an estimated 10 million people which made it the largest mass migration in human history.[37] The Punjab province was divided into Punjab, West Pakistan and Punjab, India. There were also respective divisions of the British Indian Army, the Indian Civil Service, various administrative services, the central treasury, and the railways.[38] Riots and local fighting followed the expeditious withdrawal of the British, resulting in an estimated one million civilians deaths, particularly in the western region of Punjab.[37] Lyallpur, which was located in the region of the Punjab Province that became West Pakistan, was populated by a minority of Hindus and Sikhs who migrated to India, while Muslim refugees from East Punjab settled in the district.[38]

In 1977, Pakistani authorities changed the name of the city from Lyallpur to Faisalabad, in order to honor the close friendship of King Faisal of Saudi Arabia with Pakistan.[39]

During the eighties, the city saw an influx of foreign investments in the textile sector.[40] Large number of residents of Faisalabad began working abroad as bilateral ties improved as part of new trade agreements. This led to more foreign remittances into the city. This aided the development of large scale infrastructure projects within the city.[6] In 1985, the city was upgraded as a division with the districts of Faisalabad, Jhang and Toba Tek Singh.[20]

Geography edit

Location edit

Faisalabad lies in the rolling flat plains of northeast Punjab, at 186 metres (610 ft) above sea level. The city proper comprises approximately 1,326 square kilometres (512 sq mi) while the district encompasses more than 16,000 square kilometres (6,200 sq mi). The Chenab River flows about 30 kilometres (19 mi), and the Ravi River meanders 40 kilometres (25 mi) to the southeast. The lower Chenab canal provides water to 80% of cultivated lands making it the main source of irrigation. Faisalabad is bound on the north by Chiniot and Sheikhupura, on the east by Sheikhupura and Sahiwal, on the south by Sahiwal and Toba Tek Singh and on the west by Jhang.[41]

Geology edit

The district of Faisalabad is part of the alluvial plains between the Himalayan foothills and the central core of the Indian subcontinent.[42] The alluvial deposits are typically over a thousand feet thick.[43] The interfluves are believed to have been formed during the Late Pleistocene and feature river terraces.[44] These were later identified as old and young floodplains of the Ravi River on the Kamalia and Chenab Plains. The old floodplains consist of Holocene deposits from the Ravi and Chenab rivers.[45]

The soil consists of young stratified silt loam or very fine sand loam which makes the subsoil weak in structure with common kankers at only five feet. The course of the rivers within Faisalabad is winding and often subject to frequent alternations. In the rainy season, the currents are very strong. This leads to high floods in certain areas which do last for a number of days. The Rakh and Gogera canals have encouraged the water levels in the district however the belt on the Ravi River has remained narrow. The river bed does include the river channels which have shifted the sand bars and low sandy levees leading to river erosion.[43] Faisalabad is situated at the centre of the lower Rechna Doab, the area is located between the Chenab and Ravi rivers. There is a mild slope from the northeast to the southwest with an average fall of 0.2–0.3 metres per kilometre (1.1–1.6 feet per mile). The city is situated at an elevation of about 183 metres (600 ft). The topography is marked by valleys, local depression and high ground.[46]

Climate edit

Main article: Climate of Faisalabad

Faisalabad overlaps between a semi-arid climate and a humid subtropical climate.

The weather in the city is monitored by the Pakistan Meteorological Department.[47] The Pakistan Meteorological Department regularly provides forecasts, public warnings and rainfall information to farmers with the assistance of the National Agromet Centre.[48][49][50]

Average annual rainfall is approximately 718 millimetres (28.3 in). It is at its peak in July, August and September during the monsoon season though western disturbances during winter months also bring considerable rainfall associated with hail.[51] Monsoon season which starts in July and ends in September brings heavy rain to the city causing flash flooding.[52][53] If the monsoon currents interact with the western disturbance, then cloudburst can also occur. July is the wettest month of the year during which flooding is reported a number of times.[51][54][55][56] Monsoon ends in September and then the dry period begins. October and November are the driest months with very little rainfall. During winter the weather usually remains cloudy associated with frequent fog.[46] Record-breaking rainfall of 264.2 millimetres (10.40 in) was recorded on 5 September 1961 by the Pakistan Meteorological Department.[57] The temperature of the city has reached a summer maximum record temperature of 48.0 °C (118.4 °F), which was observed on 9 June 1947 and again on 26 May 2010.[58] An extreme minimum temperature of −4.0 °C (24.8 °F) was recorded on 15 January 1978. The highest wind gust ever recorded in Faisalabad occurred during a severe dust-thunderstorm on 2 June 2000, when the maximum wind speed reached 151 kilometers per hour (94 mph).[58] Apart from temperature and rainfall records, the winds in Faisalabad are generally light. The city lies in an area with low wind speeds. Westerly breeze dominates the afternoons, while the nights are calm. Southeast / easterly winds are common here during the monsoon season. Faisalabad, being in the plains, can experience severe thunderstorms and high wind gusts that can be damaging to its crops.[59]

Climate data for Faisalabad
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 26.6
(79.9) 		30.8
(87.4) 		37
(99) 		44
(111) 		47.5
(117.5) 		48
(118) 		46.1
(115.0) 		42
(108) 		41.1
(106.0) 		40
(104) 		36.1
(97.0) 		29.2
(84.6) 		48
(118)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 19.4
(66.9) 		22.2
(72.0) 		27.4
(81.3) 		34.2
(93.6) 		39.7
(103.5) 		41.0
(105.8) 		37.7
(99.9) 		36.5
(97.7) 		36.6
(97.9) 		33.9
(93.0) 		28.2
(82.8) 		22.1
(71.8) 		31.6
(88.9)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 4.8
(40.6) 		7.6
(45.7) 		12.6
(54.7) 		18.3
(64.9) 		24.1
(75.4) 		27.6
(81.7) 		27.9
(82.2) 		27.2
(81.0) 		24.5
(76.1) 		17.7
(63.9) 		10.4
(50.7) 		6.1
(43.0) 		17.4
(63.3)
Record low °C (°F) −2.9
(26.8) 		−1.4
(29.5) 		1
(34) 		7
(45) 		13
(55) 		17
(63) 		19
(66) 		18.6
(65.5) 		15.6
(60.1) 		9
(48) 		2
(36) 		−1.3
(29.7) 		−4
(25)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 11.1
(0.44) 		20.5
(0.81) 		26
(1.0) 		25
(1.0) 		15
(0.6) 		55
(2.2) 		95.3
(3.75) 		90.6
(3.57) 		60.7
(2.39) 		4.6
(0.18) 		2.6
(0.10) 		7.6
(0.30) 		414
(16.3)
Average precipitation days 4 5 7 6 5 5 10 10 4 2 2 3 63
Average relative humidity (%) 61 51 44 26 21 18 63 55 57 26 31 51 42
Source: [60]

Culture edit

Main articles: Culture of Pakistan, List of places in Faisalabad, and List of people from Faisalabad
 
The Chenab Club, built in 1904 is the oldest social club in the city[61]
 
The Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan Auditorium, home of the Faisalabad Arts Council.[62]
 
Chicken Fajita Pizza in spicy tandoori chicken
 
Malai Seekh Kebabs at Al-Nakhal Restaurant

Faisalabad, the third most populated metropolis in Pakistan after Karachi and Lahore[63] is an epicentre for trade that has gained popularity for its colonial heritage sites.[64] In 1982, the Government of Punjab established the Faisalabad Arts Council, a division of the Punjab Arts Council which is overseen administratively by the Information, Culture and Youth Affairs Department.[65] The Faisalabad Arts Council building, designed by architect Nayyer Ali Dada, was completed in 2006. The auditorium was named after the late Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, a Pakistani musician and singer.[65]

Festivals edit

The Punjabi people celebrate a variety of cultural and religious festivals throughout the Punjab region, such as arts and craft, music, local events, and religious celebrations.[66] The city of Faisalabad customarily celebrates its independence day on 14 August every year by raising the Pakistan flag at the clock tower in the Commissioner Office compound. Bazaars are colourfully decorated for the celebration, government and private buildings are brightly lit, and there are similar flag–raising ceremonies that are typically held in the district and its tehsils.[67][68]

The arrival of spring brings the annual "Rang-e-Bahar" festival where the Parks & Horticulture Authority of the city district government organise a flower show and exhibition at Jinnah Gardens.[69] The University of Agriculture organises a similar event at their main campus which is known as the "Kissan Mela".[70] The festival of Basant which involves kite flying is an annual tradition in the city despite the ban.[71] The provincial government introduced the "Canal Mela" which involves five days of festivities including the main canal in the city being decorated with national floats and lights ending with a musical concert to conclude the festival.[72]

Being a Muslim majority the city religious observances include Ramadan and Muharram. The festivals of Chaand Raat, Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha are celebrated and are national holidays.[73] The celebration of the Prophet Muhammad birthday is observed in the city which is often referred to as "Eid Milād-un-Nabī".[74] There are a number of darbar and shrines which attract a number of devotees during the annual Urs.[75] There are a number of Christian churches in the city where Easter and Christmas services take place each year.[76][77]

Attire edit

Traditional attire in Faisalabad is Punjabi clothing such as the Kurta and Sherwanis.[78] Faisalabadi men wear white shalwar kameez as do women but also with a dupatta (scarf). The more religious women wear burqas that may or may not cover the face.[78] Combinations of Pakistani and Western attire are worn by women, such as an embroidered kurta worn with jeans or trousers, and half sleeve or sleeveless shirts with Capri pants. Men and women have adopted some of the modern Western styles for both casual and formal business dress such as dress pants, trousers, T-shirts and jeans.[78]

Faisalabad Institute of Textile and Fashion Design at the Government College University teaches Fashion Design as part of their Fine Arts program.[79] Some of the more conservative establishments and universities follow strict dress codes, such as the National Textile University in Faisalabad where a notice was issued on 27 April 2016 by university professor Muhammad Ashfaq. The intent of the notice was to "promote a positive image of the NTU and to maintain good moral, religious and cultural values among the faculty, staff and students." The dress code bans certain styles of Western attire including shorts, sleeveless shirts and shawls for men. Women are prohibited from wearing jeans, tights or leggings, sleeveless or half-sleeved shirts for women. Women are also prohibited from wearing heavy make-up and expensive jewellery.[80]

Cuisine edit

Faisalabadi cuisine is a mixture Punjabi cuisine as well as Mughlai cuisine and Anglo-Indian cuisine. Famous dishes include rice or roti (flatbread) served with a vegetable or non-vegetable curry, a salad consisting of spiced tomatoes and onions, and yogurt. This is usually accompanied by a variety of South Asian sweets such as gud, gajar ka halwa, gulab jamun, and jalebi.[81] Tandoori barbecue specialties consist of a variety of naan bread served with tandoori chicken, chicken tikka or lamb shish kebab served with a mint chutney.[82]

Street foods are a key element to Faisalabadi cuisine.[83] Samosas (deep fried pastry filled with vegetables or meat) topped with an onion salad and two types of chutney. There is even a square dedicated to them in the old city.[84] Other street foods include, dahi bhale (deep fried vadas in creamy yoghurt), gol gappay (fried round puri filled with vegetables and topped with tamarind chutney) and vegetable or chicken pakoras. Biryani and murgh pilao rice are a speciality in Faisalabad.[85]

A typical breakfast in Faislabadi is halwa poori, consisting of a deep fried flatbread served with a spicy chickpea curry and sweet orange coloured halwa.[84] It is customarily accompanied by a sweet or salty yoghurt based drink called lassi.[86] During winter, a common breakfast is roghni naan served with paya.[87]

Certain drinks are available seasonally, such as, such as rabri doodh, a drink commonly made with full-fat milk, almonds, pistachios and basil seeds, dhood patti (milky tea), and Kashmiri chai, a pink coloured milky tea containing almonds and pistachios, which is had in the winters.[88] During summer, drinks such as sugar cane juice, nimbu pani (iced lemon water), skanjvi (iced orange and black pepper) and lassi are consumed.[89]

There are American fast food franchises that cater to the local community, such as McDonald's, Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC), and Pizza Hut.[citation needed]

Literacy edit

According to a report by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the 2015 literacy rate for Pakistan ranked 160th which is among the lowest literacy rates in the world.[90]

In 1981, Faisalabad was among four districts in Punjab, which included Gujranwala, Jhelum and Gujrat, that were experiencing low literacy rates, due primarily to either a lack of resources or family pressure; the latter of which may also be attributable to illiteracy.[90] In 1998, Faisalabad progressed to a higher literacy rate with the most improvement realised at the primary school level.[91] In 2008, Faisalabad District ranked 51.9% which placed the district ninth in literacy out of the 34 Punjab districts.[92]

In 2014, the city held its first literary festival which brought a number of writers to the city to encourage the community to follow the arts.[93] Two literary groups were established, the Faisalabad Union of Column Writers and Faisalabad Union of Journalists, to bring together printed media personalities for the purpose of providing training to budding writers from the city.[94]

Demographics edit

The language of Faisalabad is Punjabi predominantly 96%, Urdu and Pashto are spoken by 2% population each. Faisalabad is world's second largest Punjabi speaking city. Faisalabad was established as one of the first planned towns of British India, covering an area of 3 square kilometres (1.2 sq mi).[95] It was initially designed to accommodate 20,000 people. The city's population increased from 69,930 in 1941 to 179,000 in 1951 (152.2% increase).[96] Much of the increase is attributed to the settlement of Muslim refugees from East Punjab and Haryana, India. In 1961, the population rose to 425,248, an increase of 137.4%. Faisalabad set a record in the demographic history of Pakistan by registering an overall population increase of 508.1% between 1941 and 1961. The industrial revolution of the 1960s contributed to population growth.[96] In 1961, the population was 425,248. A 1972 census ranked Faisalabad as the third largest city of Pakistan with a population of 864,000. In a 1981 census, the population was 1,092,000; however, the Faisalabad Development Authority estimated the number to be 1,232,000.[96] In the 2017 consensus, the total population of the city was 3,203,846[3]

Religion and ethnic groups edit

 
A Mughal inspired mosque in the old city. The majority of the population are Muslim.[97]

The province of Punjab, in which Faisalabad is the second largest city, has prevalent sociocultural distinctions.[98] Population sizes vary by district but some distinguishing factors include a young age structure, high age dependency ratio, a higher percentage of males, a higher proportion of married population, and heterogeneity in tribes and languages.[98]: 387 

Islam is the most common religion, with a 97.22% Muslim majority according to the 1998 Pakistan census report and 2001 population data sheet.[98] People live in tight-knit joint families, although a nuclear family system is emerging due to changing socio-economic conditions.[98] Ancient culture prevails in most marriage practices in the region, as do certain restrictions related to ethnicity and tribes. However, the influences of more modern societies have effected some change, particularly in the area of the dowry system. In the following ancient culture, marriages are customarily arranged by the parents or matchmakers. In some instances, the husband must buy his wife from her parents.[99] Studies conducted in 2007 and 2013, the latter in an outlying rural village in Faisalabad District, acknowledged the existence of gender bias and discrimination against females, stating that "Gender discrimination is not a new phenomenon", and that it still exists in the modern world.[98]

Social change in the region has been a slow process but there are indications that change has occurred as more villages are exposed to various forms of media and modernized urban communities. In early 2014, there was a march known as the "White Ribbon Campaign" which took place in front of the Faisalabad Press Club. Protesters appealed to the government to adopt new laws "to protect women who are discriminated against in the family and workplace."[100]

Prevalent minorities, particularly Hindu and Christian, feel a sense of vulnerability because of their religious beliefs.[97] Labourers and farmhands form the countless Christian villages throughout Punjab; many are descendants of people who converted from Hinduism to Christianity under the British Raj, and considered low caste by virtue of their birth.[37] A small population of wealthy, well-educated Christians have settled in Karachi; however, as a result of increasing Islamization, religious intolerance in Pakistani society, blasphemy laws and Islamist militancy, most have left Pakistan to settle in other countries where there is more religious tolerance, such as Canada and Australia.[97][101]

Religious groups in Faisalabad City (1901−2017)[a]
Religious
group 		1901[103]: 44 [104]: 26  1911[105]: 23 [106]: 19  1921[107]: 25 [108]: 21  1931[109]: 26  1941[102]: 32  2017[110]
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
Hinduism   4,434 48.35% 8,024 40.98% 12,922 45.93% 20,147[b] 46.94% 32,896[b] 47.04% 131 0%
Islam   4,232 46.15% 9,166 46.82% 11,116 39.51% 15,534 36.19% 23,003 32.89% 3,114,321 95.82%
Sikhism   365 3.98% 1,607 8.21% 2,958 10.51% 5,181 12.07% 10,897 15.58% — —
Christianity   132 1.44% 758 3.87% 1,100 3.91% 1,988 4.63% 3,027 4.33% 131,686 4.05%
Jainism   7 0.08% 23 0.12% 38 0.14% 65 0.15% 34 0.05% — —
Zoroastrianism   1 0.01% 0 0% 2 0.01% 7 0.02% — — — —
Ahmadiyya   — — — — — — — — — — 3,822 0.12%
Others 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 73 0.1% 71 0%
Total population 9,171 100% 19,578 100% 28,136 100% 42,922 100% 69,930 100% 3,250,031 100%

Economy edit

As of 2015 GDP of Faisalabad was estimated at $63 billion and projected to rise to $107 billion in 2025 at a growth rate of 5.7%.

Faisalabad contributes over 35% toward Pakistan's annual GDP and export revenue. The textile and apparel industry is the major industry in Faisalabad. It is also responsible for almost 60-80% of the export revenue of Pakistan.

The Faisalabad Chamber of Commerce and Industry (FCCI) and Pakistan Hosiery Manufacturers Association (PHMA) are the regulatory bodies for all textile and apparel manufacturers in the city. These organizations work closely with the Ministry of Trade.

Faisalabad is as an industrial center with industries like processing mills, engineering, industrial goods, textile manufacturing including cotton and silk textiles, super phosphates, apparel and hosiery, industrial chemicals and dyes, pulp and paper, agricultural research and equipment, oil and ghee (clarified butter), and concentrated beverages. It has also been a hub for real estate, particularly gated neighbourhoods such as Abdullah Gardens, owned by Akbar Pervaiz and not Sheikh Ayub.

Ghanta Ghar edit

 
The historical eight separate markets where locally grown produce is sold.
 
The Chenab Chowk Chowk monument pays homage to the city's textile industry.[6]

The Faisalabad clock tower and its eight bazaars (markets) is a major trading zone in the city. The eight markets were designed based on the English flag, Union Jack. Every one of the eight bazaars is known for certain goods.

  1. Katchery Bazar is known for its mobile phones and accessories market. It is named for the session courts located adjacent to the street
  2. Rail Bazar is famous for its gold and cloth market.
  3. Kharkhana Bazaar is known for its spices and herbs.
  4. Montgomery Bazaar (also known as Sutar Mandi) is known for yarn and raw cloth trading.
  5. Jhang Bazaar is known for its fish, meat, vegetables and fruits.
  6. Bhawana Bazaar has all the commercial and industrial electrical goods.
  7. Aminpur Bazaar has some of the oldest books, stationery and interior décor boutiques.
  8. Chiniot Bazaar is known for allopathic and homoeopathic medicinal stores.

Industrial zones edit

Faisalabad Industrial Estate Development & Management Company (FIEDMC) was established by Federal Government to boost manufacturing in Faisalabad. Its objectives are to promote business and develop new clientele for the city's factories. It further supports businesses to find suitable land, infrastructure, provision of utilities and dedicated business support services.

Value Addition City (VAC) commonly known as Garment city is located at Sahianwala Road, near Khurrianwala. It is home to many garments and apparel factories.

M-3 Industrial City (M-3-IC) comprises 4356 acres of land and Allama Iqbal City (AllC) comprises more than 3300 acres. They house large scale manufacturing companies including textiles, yarn mills, pharmaceuticals, chemicals automotive, and spare parts, etc. Ruyi Masood Textile Park is located here.

Small Industrial Estate (SME) located at Punj Pullian Road houses small to medium-sized industries. It was provided by former Prime Minister, Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif to provide international grade services to small and medium-sized companies at promotional packages.

Faisalabad has received substantial funding from the government of Punjab and the city district government to improve infrastructure and roads to rural areas.[111] In an effort to deal with the energy crisis, the FCCI has been working with private companies to develop renewable energy resources such as solar energy and the construction of dams within the district.[112] CAE, a German-based renewable energy company, has disclosed plans to establish the first solar panel manufacturing facility in Faisalabad, second of its kind in Asia, with intentions of investing upwards of €100 million (Rs 12.9 billion) for its development.[113]

2020 Covid-19 Pandemic edit

Pakistan entered a complete lockdown on the 20th of March 2020. All national and international travel was suspended. The industry in Faisalabad was hit hard. The federal government ordered complete closure of all industrial units.

Some industrial units are screening their workers for the coronavirus and making sure they follow the SOPs issued by the government as well. Punjab has reported more than 11,000 coronavirus cases so far.[114]

2022 Floods Impact edit

Pakistan saw a record flooding in the western and southern part of the country during the monsoon season in 2022. This resulted in a massive food shortage and provision of industrial raw materials such as cotton. Faisalabad's textile industry took a massive hit in the costs and availability of cotton.[115]

Education edit

Main article: List of educational institutions in Faisalabad
 
 
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Agriculture.

Faisalabad has several research and educational institutions. Faisalabad is considered a regional hub for of research and higher education, specializing in agriculture, medical sciences, chemical sciences, textile universities and economics.

There are many public funded institutions that offer scholarships and financing options to lower and middle income households. Many private schools, colleges and universities offer huge range of courses at various levels of education.

Education system edit

The education system is administered by the chief executive officer (CEO) of the District Education Authority of Faisalabad. The city district Government is responsible for funding, finances, management and resource allocation for public run institutions. It falls under the Ministry of Federal Education and Professional Training and the Minister for Education.

High ranking institutions edit

Public funded

Private funded

Government and Administration edit

Civic Administration edit

Faisalabad was restructured into city district status; a devolution promulgated by the 2001 local government ordinance (LGO).[116] It is governed by the city district's seven departments: Agriculture, Community Development, Education, Finance and Planning, Health, Municipal Services, and Works and Services.[117] The district coordination officer of Faisalabad (DCO) is head of the city district government and responsible for co-ordinating and supervising the administrative units.[117] Each of the seven departments has its own Executive District Officer who is charged with co-ordinating and overseeing the activities of their respective departments.

The aim of the city district government is to empower politics by improving governance which basically involved decentralising administrative authority with the establishment of different departments and respective department heads, all working under one platform. The stated vision and mission of the city district government of Faisalabad is to "establish an efficient, effective and accountable city district government, which is committed to respecting and upholding women, men and children's basic human rights, responsive towards people's needs, committed to poverty reduction and capable of meeting the challenges of the 21st century. Our actions will be driven by the concerns of local people."[117]

Tehsil Municipal Administration edit

In 2005, Faisalabad was reorganised as a city district composed of eight Tehsil municipal administrations (TMAs) or towns as follows: Lyallpur, Madina, Jinnah, Iqbal, Chak Jhumra, Jaranwala, Samundari, and Tandlianwala.[118] The functions of the TMA include preparation of the spatial and land use plans, management of these development plans and exercise of control over land use, land sub-division, land development and zoning by public and private sectors, enforcement of municipal laws, rules and by-laws, provision and management of water, drainage waste and sanitation along with allied municipal services.[119]

There are 118 union councils in Faisalabad. Their role is to collect and maintain statistical information for socio-economic surveys. They consolidate ward neighbourhood development needs and prioritise these into union-wide development proposals. The council identifies any deficiencies in the delivery of these services and makes recommendations for improvement to the TMA.[120]

Faisalabad Development Authority edit

The Faisalabad Development Authority (FDA) was validly established in October 1976 under The Punjab Development of Cities Act (1976) to regulate, supervise and implement development activities in its jurisdiction area.[121][122] The FDA acts as a policy-making body for the development of the city and is in charge of arranging and supervising major developments within the city. It is responsible for the administration of building regulations, management of parks and gardens and subsoil water management. The FDA works with the Water and Sanitation Agency (WASA) to control and maintain the water supply, sewerage and drainage.[123] The FDA works to improve conditions in the slums.[124]

Public Services edit

Law enforcement edit

Punjab Police edit

Law enforcement in Faisalabad is carried out by provincial police force officially called Punjab Police. Within the city of Faisalabad, it is under the command of the city police officer (CPO), an appointment by the provincial government appointments for Punjab Police.[125] The office of the CPO is located in the District Courts, Faisalabad.[126]

Faisalabad Region is headed by an officer not less than the rank of Deputy Inspector-General of Police (DIG). Faisalabad Police is headed by a District Police Officer who is assisted by a varying number of Superintendents and Deputy Superintendents of Police.

City Traffic Police Faisalabad edit

City Traffic Police is a branch of Punjab Police which is a public funded entity of the provincial government of Punjab.

The department is responsible for maintaining the following within the district of Faisalabad:

  • Conduct traffic safety and compliance
  • Traffic signs
  • Road signs and closures
  • Road marking and planning
  • Traffic signals and maintaining uninterrupted flow of traffic
  • Traffic violation ticketing and penalty collection
  • Issuance of driving license
  • Conducting driving tests and provisional licensing

District and Session Courts Faisalabad edit

District and Sessions Court in Faisalabad is an extension of the provincial bench of High Court in Lahore.

The offices are located at District Courts Faisalabad.. Directions can also be found at Google Maps for Sessions Courts Faisalabad and District Courts Faisalabad.

Special Offices edit

Police formations including District Police, Elite Police, Punjab highway Patrol, Crime Investigation Branch, and Special Operations Branch have offices in the city.[127]

Taxation edit

Regional Tax Office is a field formation of the Federal Board of Revenue (FBR). It is situated at Regional Tax Office, Jail Road, Faisalabad and can be found at Google Maps Regional Tax Office.

This office is responsible for monitoring and collection of federal taxes imposed by the Government of Pakistan. This office has jurisdiction to send notices, research and execute legal notices for entities operating within the district of Faisalabad.

This office actively runs mass media campaigns to create awareness regarding taxation, legal rights of citizens and to facilitate voluntary tax compliance.

This office can provide information regarding Income Tax, Sales Tax (VAT), Corporation Tax and Zero-Tax rated services.

The website managed and operated by the FBR, is a reliable and up-to-date source of information for all tax related matters. FBR does issue regular notices to ensure correct information is published and to disregard false information circulating in the market places by unverified sources.

Excise, Taxation and Narcotics Control Department is another department managed by the provincial Govt. of Punjab. This department is responsible for the following:

  • Collection of property tax
  • Issuance of property notices, and property taxes
  • Motor vehicle registration
  • Online verification of registered vehicles
  • Online self assessment of property tax
  • Motor vehicle clearance
  • Control of regulated substances and prosecutions

The department can be accessed by its website ETNC. The office can be accessed by the Google Maps ETNC.

Water and Sanitation edit

The Water and Sanitation Agency (WASA) is a subsidiary of Faisalabad Development Authority (FDA), established on 23 April 1978 under the Development of Cities Act 1976.[128] Estimates in indicate that the WASA provides about 72% of the city's sewerage services and about 60% of their water services.[129] The existing production capacity of the WASA is 65 million imperial gallons per day (300 million litres per day), almost all of which is drawn from wells located in the old beds of the Chenab River. From the wells, water is pumped to a terminal reservoir located on Sargodha Road.[130] Water is normally supplied for a total of about 8 hours per day to the majority of the city.[130] The Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) has provided financial and hardware equipment to help improve the water and sanitation conditions in the city.[131]

Healthcare edit

Government Hospitals edit

Faisalabad is home to some large public hospitals within the district. Allied Hospital Faisalabad is the largest public funded and managed hospital within the city of Faisalabad as well as the district. It offers many advanced treatments and specialist care facilities.

Other notable government–run hospitals are DHQ (District Headquarter) Hospital, Institute of Child Care,[132] PINUM Cancer Hospital, Govt. Children Hospital, Punjab Social Security Hospital, Social Security Newborn and Children Hospital, Punjab Employees Maternity Ward, and Faisalabad Institute of Cardiology.

There are other government funded and managed general hospitals in Ghulam Muhammadabad, Samanabad and Peoples Colony No. 2.[133]

Media edit

Television and radio edit

The Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority (PEMRA) is responsible for the regulation and monitoring of electronic media entertainment in the country.[134] Pakistan Television Corporation, is the state-owned regulated television broadcasting network.[135] The government began licensing private broadcasters in 2002.[136]

The government of Pakistan installed the first radio transmitters in the city on 15 September 1982.[137] "Radio Pakistan" broadcasts three government regulated FM stations: "Radio Pakistan FM101, Radio Pakistan FM93 and Radio Pakistan Sautul Qur'an Channel FM93.4. FM101 became operational in 2002, FM93 went live in 2010 and FM93.4 Sautul Qur'an Channel went live in 2016; PBC all three stations are standard power KW 2.5.[138]

Telecommunications edit

Pakistan Telecommunication Authority is a government-owned organisation that is responsible for the establishment, operation and maintenance of telecommunications in the city.[139] The organisation monitors and prevents illegal exchanges in the city.[140]

Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited is the main provider of fixed line, mobile and broadband services. Regional headquarters is located at the Central Telecom House in Chinot Bazaar.[141] With the deregulation of the telecommunication sector by the Ministry of Information Technology, a range of companies now offer mobile and broadband services in the city.[142]

Film and theatre edit

In 2008, the Government of Pakistan lifted a forty-year ban on Bollywood films which allowed Indian films to be played in cinemas.[143] The cinema industry has since seen the introduction of new cinemas such as Cinepax by Hotel One,[144] and Cine Nagina.[145]

The Government College University in Faisalabad encourages students from the University of Agriculture to hold workshops and explore themes of peace and tolerance which can be used in an engaging and entertaining way to communicate complex issues to different audiences.[146]

Recreation edit

 
A view of Chenab Club in December 2020
 
D Ground Central Park was rebuilt by the city district government and now includes miniatures of the symbols of Pakistan such as the Mazar-e-Quaid, Minar-e-Pakistan, and Bab-e-Pakistan.
 
Iqbal Stadium, is an international cricket ground, home to the Faisalabad Wolves cricket team.

Public parks edit

The Parks and Horticulture Authority (PHA) is responsible for running and managing all public parks within the district of Faisalabad.

Jinnah Gardens is the oldest and most established public park in the city. It serves as the city's central park, and a cultural hub. It is commonly known as "Company Bagh". A monument of Sir James Broadwood Lyall is situated at the eastern corner of the park.

Dhobi Ghat Park is a historic park, in the oldest part of the city. It is located on Kotwali Road, just next to the Government College University, Faisalabad. The park has a long history of rallies and protests. The park was chosen as a venue of choice by Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Liaqat Ali Khan, Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy, Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, Benazir Bhutto, Nawaz Sharif, Shebaz Sharif, Maryam Nawaz and Imran Khan.

Gatwala Park is located in the outskirts of the city, on the north-eastern side. It serves as a family park with amusements such as a zoo and a lake. The Gatwala Wildlife Park is a botanical natural reserve located next to the Gatwala Park. It that was renovated by the city district government.[147]

Pahari Grounds is located in Peoples Colony #2. It is a residential area popular locations such as Babar Chowk, Fawara Chowk and the old gates. A Pakistan Air Force retired F-86 Sabre is on display on a hilltop within this park. It is a local attraction.

D-Ground Park is located in the Peoples Colony #1 area, within the D-Ground shopping area. Several models of Pakistani monuments are on display in this park, all year round.

Sports edit

Main article: List of sports venues in Faisalabad

Cricket is a popular sport in Faisalabad. Regional and international cricket matches are held in Iqbal Stadium,[148] named after Pakistani poet Sir Allama Muhammad Iqbal.[149] The stadium is home to Faisalabad's local team, the Faisalabad Wolves.[150] Iqbal Stadium hosted the 1987 Cricket World Cup,[151] and the 1996 Cricket World Cup.[152]

The Faisalabad Hockey Stadium, located on Susan Road, was constructed in 2002, and can accommodate 25,000 spectators. On 16 April 2003, the stadium was inaugurated by Khalid Maqbool, governor of Punjab. It is the third-largest field hockey stadium in the country.[153] The stadium has hosted field hockey matches for both national and international competition but by the beginning of 2016 was reported to be in "pathetic condition as its astroturf has completed its life span about eight years ago." Commissioner Naseem Nawaz advised that efforts were under way to maintain the stadium.[153]

In October 2002, the Government College University established a Directorate of Sports to promote university and national level sports for male and female players. Infrastructure and facilities are available for university players in track, hockey, tennis, basketball, table tennis, badminton and cricket pitch.[154]

Public libraries and museums edit

There are two libraries that are open to the public: Allama Iqbal Library and Municipal Corporation Public Library. They are funded and regulated by the government of Punjab under the service sector.[155]

  • Allama Iqbal Library is located on University Road, opposite the District Courts. The library is housed in the 1911-built colonial building originally named "Coronation Library" during the rule of the British Empire. In 2012, the building came under control of the Lyallpur Heritage Foundation[156] and the Punjab Archives and Libraries Department.[157]
  • Lyallpur Museum is located adjacent to the Allama Iqbal Library on University Road. It is a heritage museum and art gallery open to the public. The museum is primarily focused on regional history with a collection of artwork, artefacts and photographs.[158]
  • Municipal Library is located in Iqbal Park on Narwala Road, opposite the historical grounds of Dhobi Ghat.[159] The library has a large collection of books, a photo gallery and a conference centre. In 2011, the library underwent a renovation costing 40 million rupees.[160]
  • The Forest Library at the Punjab Forestry Research Institute (PFRI) is one of two specialist libraries, the other being in Lahore.[161] Opened in 1986, the research library is based at the Wildlife Research Center in Gatwala.[162]

Social clubs edit

The Chenab Club, founded in 1910 is the oldest social club in Faisalabad. It was founded by the British armed forces serving in the area, during the British rule. Today it is a prestigious club offering sports, recreation, dining and cultural activities.

Transportation edit

 
Airside view of Faisalabad Airport
 
The front entrance to the 19th century colonial railway station
 
Roads in Faisalabad

Airport edit

Faisalabad International Airport is approximately 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from the city center. It is located at Faisalabad-Jhang Road. The airport underwent major renovations during between 2014 and 2017. The main termainal building was completed renovated. Major extensions were carried out as part of a major development initiative by the former Prime Minister of Pakistan, Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif. It is a regional airport that serves domestic and international travel. The airport offers cargo, freight, passenger travel, private terminal, flying school, and military base to Pakistan Air Force. The airlines with operations at Faisalabad International Airport include Pakistan International Airlines, FlyDubai, Qatar Airways, Air Arabia, Gulf Air and Serene Air.

Rail edit

The Faisalabad railway station is the central railway station in the city. The railway line forms part of the Khanewal–Wazirabad railway line. Rail services are operated by Pakistan Railways, owned and operated by the Ministry of Railways.[163]

Cargo Express services are operated by Pakistan Railways which runs from Karachi to Faisalabad via Multan. Twenty-seven bogies compose the goods train, and are handled respectively by private contractors at the station.[164] The station has a special cargo facility operated by the Ministry of Railways (Pakistan) for handling various goods from the city to other regions of the country. An express parcel service runs from Karachi to Lahore via Faisalabad.[165]

Road network edit

Main article: Roads in Faisalabad

Faisalabad has a highly developed road network. There are many access ways in and out of the city. It is well connected through motorways, dual-carriageways and highways.

Sister cities edit

Faisalabad is a globally recognized city due to its textiles export trade. Its sister cities are:

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ 1901-1941: Data for the entirety of the town of Lyallpur, which included Lyallpur Municipality.[102]: 32 

    2017: Combined urban populations of Faisalabad City Tehsil and Faisalabad Saddar Tehsil.
  2. ^ a b 1931-1941: Including Ad-Dharmis

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External links edit

 
Faisalabad test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator
  • Punjab Government website
  • Faisalabad at Curlie
  • Faisalabad Postal Codes (Complete List)
  •   Faisalabad travel guide from Wikivoyage

March 17, 2024
faisalabad, district, district, ɑː, ɑː, ɑː, punjabi, urdu, فیصل, آباد, punjabi, pronunciation, fɛːsə, ləˌbäːd, urdu, pronunciation, fɛːsˈlɑˌbɑːd, formerly, known, lyallpur, punjabi, urdu, لائل, پور, second, largest, city, industrial, centre, pakistani, provinc. For the district see Faisalabad District Faisalabad f ɑː ɪ s ɑː l ˌ b ɑː d Punjabi Urdu فیصل آباد Punjabi pronunciation fɛːse leˌbaːd Urdu pronunciation fɛːsˈlɑˌbɑːd formerly known as Lyallpur Punjabi Urdu لائل پور is the second largest city and industrial centre of the Pakistani province of Punjab It is a metropolitan city of Pakistan and the third largest and populous city in Pakistan with an estimated population of 3 7 million in 2023 with the growth rate of 2 37 It is situated in the north east of the country lying between the plains of the Ravi and Chenab River Faisalabad is one of Pakistan s wealthiest and most industrialized city the largest industrial hub and second largest city of the wider Punjab region Faisalabad فیصل آبادLyallpurMetropolisFrom top left to right Clock Tower Sikh Gurdwara Jhal Flyover Circuit House Gardens Faisalabad Canal Faisalabad Pindi Bhattian InterchangeSealNickname The Manchester of PakistanFaisalabadLocation of FaisalabadShow map of Punjab PakistanFaisalabadFaisalabad Pakistan Show map of PakistanCoordinates 31 25 0 N 73 5 28 E 31 41667 N 73 09111 E 31 41667 73 09111Country PakistanProvince PunjabDivisionFaisalabadDistrictFaisalabadSettled1892Founded byJames Broadwood LyallNamed forFaisal of Saudi ArabiaGovernment MayorNone vacant 1 CommissionerSilwat Saeed 2 Area City1 330 km2 512 sq mi Land840 km2 325 sq mi Water430 km2 165 sq mi 33 Metro5 860 km2 2 261 sq mi Rank3rdElevation186 m 610 ft Population 2017 3 4 City3 204 704 Rank3rd Pakistan Density2 400 km2 6 300 sq mi DemonymFaisalabadiTime zoneUTC 05 00 PKT Postal code38000Area code041Former NameLyallpurOfficial LanguagesUrdu EnglishNative languagePunjabi UrduLanguages 1981 98 2 Punjabi1 8 Others 5 GDP 43 billion 2013 Historically one of the largest villages of Punjab Lyallpur was one of the first planned cities within British India it has long since developed into a cosmopolitan metropolis Faisalabad was restructured into city district status a devolution promulgated by the 2001 local government ordinance LGO The total area of Faisalabad District is 5 856 km2 2 261 sq mi 6 while the area controlled by the Faisalabad Development Authority FDA is 1 326 km2 512 sq mi 7 8 8 Faisalabad has grown to become a major industrial and distribution centre because of its central location in the region and connecting roads rails and air transportation 9 It has been referred to as the Manchester of Pakistan 10 11 As of 2013 update GDP of Faisalabad was estimated at 43 billion 12 and projected to rise to 87 billion in 2025 at a growth rate of 5 7 13 Faisalabad contributes over 10 percent to the Punjab s GDP and has an average annual GDP nominal of 20 5 billion 12 Agriculture and industry remain its hallmark 14 8 41 Contents 1 Etymology 2 History 2 1 Toponymy 2 2 Early settlements 2 3 Development 2 4 Independence 3 Geography 3 1 Location 3 2 Geology 4 Climate 5 Culture 5 1 Festivals 5 2 Attire 5 3 Cuisine 5 4 Literacy 6 Demographics 6 1 Religion and ethnic groups 7 Economy 7 1 Ghanta Ghar 7 2 Industrial zones 7 3 2020 Covid 19 Pandemic 7 4 2022 Floods Impact 8 Education 8 1 Education system 8 2 High ranking institutions 9 Government and Administration 9 1 Civic Administration 9 2 Tehsil Municipal Administration 9 3 Faisalabad Development Authority 10 Public Services 10 1 Law enforcement 10 1 1 Punjab Police 10 1 2 City Traffic Police Faisalabad 10 1 3 District and Session Courts Faisalabad 10 1 4 Special Offices 10 2 Taxation 10 3 Water and Sanitation 11 Healthcare 11 1 Government Hospitals 12 Media 12 1 Television and radio 12 2 Telecommunications 12 3 Film and theatre 13 Recreation 13 1 Public parks 13 2 Sports 13 3 Public libraries and museums 13 4 Social clubs 14 Transportation 14 1 Airport 14 2 Rail 14 3 Road network 15 Sister cities 16 See also 17 Notes 18 References 19 External linksEtymology editFaisalabad was formerly until 1977 known as Lyallpur When founded in 1890 it was named after Sir James Broadwood Lyall the British lieutenant governor of the Punjab 15 16 It became headquarters of the Lower Chenab colony and in 1898 was incorporated as a municipality 17 In September 1977 the city of Lyallpur was renamed Faisalabad by the Government of Pakistan in honor of the Saudi Arabian king Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud respecting his long relationship with Pakistan and its people 18 History edit nbsp The first university in Lyallpur was built by the British Indian Empire in 1906 with the foundation stone laid by Sir Louis Dane then Lieutenant and Governor of Punjab 19 nbsp Mohammed Ali Jinnah in Lyallpur where he gave a historic speech at Dhobi Ghat c 1943 nbsp One of the earlier industrial exhibition at the University of Agriculture still a major exhibition in the city today c 1949 nbsp Lady Mountbatten Vicereine of India among the Hindu evacuees at the Punjab Scouts Camp Layallpur during partition of British India nbsp Gurudawar Layallpur a Sikh Gurdwara constructed during the reign of the British Empire in 1911 Toponymy edit The city was settled or established in 1880 during the colonisation of the lower Chenab Valley 20 This city was settled down by Rai Bahadur Bhavanidas Sikka after which the British Government granted jagirs to him After Partition his descendants settled in India now settled in Mumbai This city was named in honour of Lieutenant Governor of the Punjab Sir James Broadwood Lyall for his role in establishing the canal colonisation project 21 22 The surname Lyall was joined with the noun pur meaning city in Sanskrit 23 On 1 September 1977 the Government of Pakistan changed the name of the city from Lyallpur to Faisalabad City of Faisal in honour of King Faisal of Saudi Arabia who made several financial contributions to Pakistan 20 24 6 Early settlements edit The region encompassing modern day Faisalabad district was originally inhabited by a number of forest dwelling tribes 21 It is believed these early settlements belonged to the ancient districts of Jhang and Sandalbar and included the area between Shahdara to Shorekot and Sangla Hill to Toba Tek Singh 20 The shrine of Baba Noor Shah Wali was erected in the area in the 1600s 25 Development edit At the conclusion of the Second Anglo Sikh War in 1849 the entire Punjab region became administered as Punjab province firstly by the East India Company and after 1858 as part of the British Raj 26 27 In the 1880s the Punjab government began an irrigation scheme to cultivate large tracts of western Punjab through the creation of canal colonies 28 The Chenab colony was the largest of these colonisation projects and covered the entirety of present day Faisalabad district Popham Young the Colonisation Officer managing the project identified the site of the current city to establish headquarters for the colony 21 29 Young designed the settlement s centre to replicate the design in the Union Jack with eight roads extending from a large clock tower at its epicentre 30 a design geometrically symbolic of the Cross of Saint Andrew counter changed with the Cross of Saint Patrick and Saint George s Cross over all 31 The eight roads developed into eight separate bazaars markets leading to different regions of the Punjab 22 32 In 1892 the newly constructed town with its growing agricultural surplus was added to the British rail network 33 Construction of the rail link between Wazirabad and Lyallpur was completed in 1895 30 In 1896 Gujranwala Jhang and Sahiwal comprising the Tehsils of Lyallpur were under the administrative control of the Jhang District 34 The town became one of the first planned settlements within British India 14 In 1904 the new district of Lyallpur was created to include the tehsils of Samundri and Toba Tek Singh with a sub tehsil at Jaranwala which later became a full tehsil in itself 35 The University of Agriculture originally the Punjab Agricultural College and Research Institute Lyallpur was established in 1906 19 The Town Committee was upgraded to a Municipal Committee in 1909 Lyallpur grew into an established agricultural tool and grain centre 36 By 1911 the city had a population of 19 578 21 The 1930s brought industrial growth and market expansion to the textile industry as well as to food processing grain crushing and chemicals 22 Independence edit In August 1947 following three decades of nationalist struggles India and Pakistan achieved independence The British agreed to partition British India into two sovereign states Pakistan with a Muslim majority and India with a Hindu majority however more Muslims remained in India than what governing authorities believed would assimilate into Pakistan 37 The partitioning led to a mass migration of an estimated 10 million people which made it the largest mass migration in human history 37 The Punjab province was divided into Punjab West Pakistan and Punjab India There were also respective divisions of the British Indian Army the Indian Civil Service various administrative services the central treasury and the railways 38 Riots and local fighting followed the expeditious withdrawal of the British resulting in an estimated one million civilians deaths particularly in the western region of Punjab 37 Lyallpur which was located in the region of the Punjab Province that became West Pakistan was populated by a minority of Hindus and Sikhs who migrated to India while Muslim refugees from East Punjab settled in the district 38 In 1977 Pakistani authorities changed the name of the city from Lyallpur to Faisalabad in order to honor the close friendship of King Faisal of Saudi Arabia with Pakistan 39 During the eighties the city saw an influx of foreign investments in the textile sector 40 Large number of residents of Faisalabad began working abroad as bilateral ties improved as part of new trade agreements This led to more foreign remittances into the city This aided the development of large scale infrastructure projects within the city 6 In 1985 the city was upgraded as a division with the districts of Faisalabad Jhang and Toba Tek Singh 20 Geography editLocation edit Faisalabad lies in the rolling flat plains of northeast Punjab at 186 metres 610 ft above sea level The city proper comprises approximately 1 326 square kilometres 512 sq mi while the district encompasses more than 16 000 square kilometres 6 200 sq mi The Chenab River flows about 30 kilometres 19 mi and the Ravi River meanders 40 kilometres 25 mi to the southeast The lower Chenab canal provides water to 80 of cultivated lands making it the main source of irrigation Faisalabad is bound on the north by Chiniot and Sheikhupura on the east by Sheikhupura and Sahiwal on the south by Sahiwal and Toba Tek Singh and on the west by Jhang 41 Geology edit The district of Faisalabad is part of the alluvial plains between the Himalayan foothills and the central core of the Indian subcontinent 42 The alluvial deposits are typically over a thousand feet thick 43 The interfluves are believed to have been formed during the Late Pleistocene and feature river terraces 44 These were later identified as old and young floodplains of the Ravi River on the Kamalia and Chenab Plains The old floodplains consist of Holocene deposits from the Ravi and Chenab rivers 45 The soil consists of young stratified silt loam or very fine sand loam which makes the subsoil weak in structure with common kankers at only five feet The course of the rivers within Faisalabad is winding and often subject to frequent alternations In the rainy season the currents are very strong This leads to high floods in certain areas which do last for a number of days The Rakh and Gogera canals have encouraged the water levels in the district however the belt on the Ravi River has remained narrow The river bed does include the river channels which have shifted the sand bars and low sandy levees leading to river erosion 43 Faisalabad is situated at the centre of the lower Rechna Doab the area is located between the Chenab and Ravi rivers There is a mild slope from the northeast to the southwest with an average fall of 0 2 0 3 metres per kilometre 1 1 1 6 feet per mile The city is situated at an elevation of about 183 metres 600 ft The topography is marked by valleys local depression and high ground 46 Climate editMain article Climate of Faisalabad Faisalabad overlaps between a semi arid climate and a humid subtropical climate The weather in the city is monitored by the Pakistan Meteorological Department 47 The Pakistan Meteorological Department regularly provides forecasts public warnings and rainfall information to farmers with the assistance of the National Agromet Centre 48 49 50 Average annual rainfall is approximately 718 millimetres 28 3 in It is at its peak in July August and September during the monsoon season though western disturbances during winter months also bring considerable rainfall associated with hail 51 Monsoon season which starts in July and ends in September brings heavy rain to the city causing flash flooding 52 53 If the monsoon currents interact with the western disturbance then cloudburst can also occur July is the wettest month of the year during which flooding is reported a number of times 51 54 55 56 Monsoon ends in September and then the dry period begins October and November are the driest months with very little rainfall During winter the weather usually remains cloudy associated with frequent fog 46 Record breaking rainfall of 264 2 millimetres 10 40 in was recorded on 5 September 1961 by the Pakistan Meteorological Department 57 The temperature of the city has reached a summer maximum record temperature of 48 0 C 118 4 F which was observed on 9 June 1947 and again on 26 May 2010 58 An extreme minimum temperature of 4 0 C 24 8 F was recorded on 15 January 1978 The highest wind gust ever recorded in Faisalabad occurred during a severe dust thunderstorm on 2 June 2000 when the maximum wind speed reached 151 kilometers per hour 94 mph 58 Apart from temperature and rainfall records the winds in Faisalabad are generally light The city lies in an area with low wind speeds Westerly breeze dominates the afternoons while the nights are calm Southeast easterly winds are common here during the monsoon season Faisalabad being in the plains can experience severe thunderstorms and high wind gusts that can be damaging to its crops 59 Climate data for FaisalabadMonth Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec YearRecord high C F 26 6 79 9 30 8 87 4 37 99 44 111 47 5 117 5 48 118 46 1 115 0 42 108 41 1 106 0 40 104 36 1 97 0 29 2 84 6 48 118 Mean daily maximum C F 19 4 66 9 22 2 72 0 27 4 81 3 34 2 93 6 39 7 103 5 41 0 105 8 37 7 99 9 36 5 97 7 36 6 97 9 33 9 93 0 28 2 82 8 22 1 71 8 31 6 88 9 Mean daily minimum C F 4 8 40 6 7 6 45 7 12 6 54 7 18 3 64 9 24 1 75 4 27 6 81 7 27 9 82 2 27 2 81 0 24 5 76 1 17 7 63 9 10 4 50 7 6 1 43 0 17 4 63 3 Record low C F 2 9 26 8 1 4 29 5 1 34 7 45 13 55 17 63 19 66 18 6 65 5 15 6 60 1 9 48 2 36 1 3 29 7 4 25 Average precipitation mm inches 11 1 0 44 20 5 0 81 26 1 0 25 1 0 15 0 6 55 2 2 95 3 3 75 90 6 3 57 60 7 2 39 4 6 0 18 2 6 0 10 7 6 0 30 414 16 3 Average precipitation days 4 5 7 6 5 5 10 10 4 2 2 3 63Average relative humidity 61 51 44 26 21 18 63 55 57 26 31 51 42Source 60 Culture editMain articles Culture of Pakistan List of places in Faisalabad and List of people from Faisalabad nbsp The Chenab Club built in 1904 is the oldest social club in the city 61 nbsp The Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan Auditorium home of the Faisalabad Arts Council 62 nbsp Chicken Fajita Pizza in spicy tandoori chicken nbsp Malai Seekh Kebabs at Al Nakhal Restaurant Faisalabad the third most populated metropolis in Pakistan after Karachi and Lahore 63 is an epicentre for trade that has gained popularity for its colonial heritage sites 64 In 1982 the Government of Punjab established the Faisalabad Arts Council a division of the Punjab Arts Council which is overseen administratively by the Information Culture and Youth Affairs Department 65 The Faisalabad Arts Council building designed by architect Nayyer Ali Dada was completed in 2006 The auditorium was named after the late Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan a Pakistani musician and singer 65 Festivals edit The Punjabi people celebrate a variety of cultural and religious festivals throughout the Punjab region such as arts and craft music local events and religious celebrations 66 The city of Faisalabad customarily celebrates its independence day on 14 August every year by raising the Pakistan flag at the clock tower in the Commissioner Office compound Bazaars are colourfully decorated for the celebration government and private buildings are brightly lit and there are similar flag raising ceremonies that are typically held in the district and its tehsils 67 68 The arrival of spring brings the annual Rang e Bahar festival where the Parks amp Horticulture Authority of the city district government organise a flower show and exhibition at Jinnah Gardens 69 The University of Agriculture organises a similar event at their main campus which is known as the Kissan Mela 70 The festival of Basant which involves kite flying is an annual tradition in the city despite the ban 71 The provincial government introduced the Canal Mela which involves five days of festivities including the main canal in the city being decorated with national floats and lights ending with a musical concert to conclude the festival 72 Being a Muslim majority the city religious observances include Ramadan and Muharram The festivals of Chaand Raat Eid al Fitr and Eid al Adha are celebrated and are national holidays 73 The celebration of the Prophet Muhammad birthday is observed in the city which is often referred to as Eid Milad un Nabi 74 There are a number of darbar and shrines which attract a number of devotees during the annual Urs 75 There are a number of Christian churches in the city where Easter and Christmas services take place each year 76 77 Attire edit Traditional attire in Faisalabad is Punjabi clothing such as the Kurta and Sherwanis 78 Faisalabadi men wear white shalwar kameez as do women but also with a dupatta scarf The more religious women wear burqas that may or may not cover the face 78 Combinations of Pakistani and Western attire are worn by women such as an embroidered kurta worn with jeans or trousers and half sleeve or sleeveless shirts with Capri pants Men and women have adopted some of the modern Western styles for both casual and formal business dress such as dress pants trousers T shirts and jeans 78 Faisalabad Institute of Textile and Fashion Design at the Government College University teaches Fashion Design as part of their Fine Arts program 79 Some of the more conservative establishments and universities follow strict dress codes such as the National Textile University in Faisalabad where a notice was issued on 27 April 2016 by university professor Muhammad Ashfaq The intent of the notice was to promote a positive image of the NTU and to maintain good moral religious and cultural values among the faculty staff and students The dress code bans certain styles of Western attire including shorts sleeveless shirts and shawls for men Women are prohibited from wearing jeans tights or leggings sleeveless or half sleeved shirts for women Women are also prohibited from wearing heavy make up and expensive jewellery 80 Cuisine edit Faisalabadi cuisine is a mixture Punjabi cuisine as well as Mughlai cuisine and Anglo Indian cuisine Famous dishes include rice or roti flatbread served with a vegetable or non vegetable curry a salad consisting of spiced tomatoes and onions and yogurt This is usually accompanied by a variety of South Asian sweets such as gud gajar ka halwa gulab jamun and jalebi 81 Tandoori barbecue specialties consist of a variety of naan bread served with tandoori chicken chicken tikka or lamb shish kebab served with a mint chutney 82 Street foods are a key element to Faisalabadi cuisine 83 Samosas deep fried pastry filled with vegetables or meat topped with an onion salad and two types of chutney There is even a square dedicated to them in the old city 84 Other street foods include dahi bhale deep fried vadas in creamy yoghurt gol gappay fried round puri filled with vegetables and topped with tamarind chutney and vegetable or chicken pakoras Biryani and murgh pilao rice are a speciality in Faisalabad 85 A typical breakfast in Faislabadi is halwa poori consisting of a deep fried flatbread served with a spicy chickpea curry and sweet orange coloured halwa 84 It is customarily accompanied by a sweet or salty yoghurt based drink called lassi 86 During winter a common breakfast is roghni naan served with paya 87 Certain drinks are available seasonally such as such as rabri doodh a drink commonly made with full fat milk almonds pistachios and basil seeds dhood patti milky tea and Kashmiri chai a pink coloured milky tea containing almonds and pistachios which is had in the winters 88 During summer drinks such as sugar cane juice nimbu pani iced lemon water skanjvi iced orange and black pepper and lassi are consumed 89 There are American fast food franchises that cater to the local community such as McDonald s Kentucky Fried Chicken KFC and Pizza Hut citation needed Literacy edit According to a report by the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization UNESCO the 2015 literacy rate for Pakistan ranked 160th which is among the lowest literacy rates in the world 90 In 1981 Faisalabad was among four districts in Punjab which included Gujranwala Jhelum and Gujrat that were experiencing low literacy rates due primarily to either a lack of resources or family pressure the latter of which may also be attributable to illiteracy 90 In 1998 Faisalabad progressed to a higher literacy rate with the most improvement realised at the primary school level 91 In 2008 Faisalabad District ranked 51 9 which placed the district ninth in literacy out of the 34 Punjab districts 92 In 2014 the city held its first literary festival which brought a number of writers to the city to encourage the community to follow the arts 93 Two literary groups were established the Faisalabad Union of Column Writers and Faisalabad Union of Journalists to bring together printed media personalities for the purpose of providing training to budding writers from the city 94 Demographics editPopulation growthCensus Pop 194169 930 1951179 000156 0 1961425 240137 6 1972823 34493 6 19811 104 20934 1 19982 008 86181 9 Figures based on the 2004 Baseline Surveyconducted by the Asian Urban Information Centre of Kobe 46 The language of Faisalabad is Punjabi predominantly 96 Urdu and Pashto are spoken by 2 population each Faisalabad is world s second largest Punjabi speaking city Faisalabad was established as one of the first planned towns of British India covering an area of 3 square kilometres 1 2 sq mi 95 It was initially designed to accommodate 20 000 people The city s population increased from 69 930 in 1941 to 179 000 in 1951 152 2 increase 96 Much of the increase is attributed to the settlement of Muslim refugees from East Punjab and Haryana India In 1961 the population rose to 425 248 an increase of 137 4 Faisalabad set a record in the demographic history of Pakistan by registering an overall population increase of 508 1 between 1941 and 1961 The industrial revolution of the 1960s contributed to population growth 96 In 1961 the population was 425 248 A 1972 census ranked Faisalabad as the third largest city of Pakistan with a population of 864 000 In a 1981 census the population was 1 092 000 however the Faisalabad Development Authority estimated the number to be 1 232 000 96 In the 2017 consensus the total population of the city was 3 203 846 3 Religion and ethnic groups edit nbsp A Mughal inspired mosque in the old city The majority of the population are Muslim 97 The province of Punjab in which Faisalabad is the second largest city has prevalent sociocultural distinctions 98 Population sizes vary by district but some distinguishing factors include a young age structure high age dependency ratio a higher percentage of males a higher proportion of married population and heterogeneity in tribes and languages 98 387 Islam is the most common religion with a 97 22 Muslim majority according to the 1998 Pakistan census report and 2001 population data sheet 98 People live in tight knit joint families although a nuclear family system is emerging due to changing socio economic conditions 98 Ancient culture prevails in most marriage practices in the region as do certain restrictions related to ethnicity and tribes However the influences of more modern societies have effected some change particularly in the area of the dowry system In the following ancient culture marriages are customarily arranged by the parents or matchmakers In some instances the husband must buy his wife from her parents 99 Studies conducted in 2007 and 2013 the latter in an outlying rural village in Faisalabad District acknowledged the existence of gender bias and discrimination against females stating that Gender discrimination is not a new phenomenon and that it still exists in the modern world 98 Social change in the region has been a slow process but there are indications that change has occurred as more villages are exposed to various forms of media and modernized urban communities In early 2014 there was a march known as the White Ribbon Campaign which took place in front of the Faisalabad Press Club Protesters appealed to the government to adopt new laws to protect women who are discriminated against in the family and workplace 100 Prevalent minorities particularly Hindu and Christian feel a sense of vulnerability because of their religious beliefs 97 Labourers and farmhands form the countless Christian villages throughout Punjab many are descendants of people who converted from Hinduism to Christianity under the British Raj and considered low caste by virtue of their birth 37 A small population of wealthy well educated Christians have settled in Karachi however as a result of increasing Islamization religious intolerance in Pakistani society blasphemy laws and Islamist militancy most have left Pakistan to settle in other countries where there is more religious tolerance such as Canada and Australia 97 101 Religious groups in Faisalabad City 1901 2017 a Religiousgroup 1901 103 44 104 26 1911 105 23 106 19 1921 107 25 108 21 1931 109 26 1941 102 32 2017 110 Pop Pop Pop Pop Pop Pop Hinduism nbsp 4 434 48 35 8 024 40 98 12 922 45 93 20 147 b 46 94 32 896 b 47 04 131 0 Islam nbsp 4 232 46 15 9 166 46 82 11 116 39 51 15 534 36 19 23 003 32 89 3 114 321 95 82 Sikhism nbsp 365 3 98 1 607 8 21 2 958 10 51 5 181 12 07 10 897 15 58 Christianity nbsp 132 1 44 758 3 87 1 100 3 91 1 988 4 63 3 027 4 33 131 686 4 05 Jainism nbsp 7 0 08 23 0 12 38 0 14 65 0 15 34 0 05 Zoroastrianism nbsp 1 0 01 0 0 2 0 01 7 0 02 Ahmadiyya nbsp 3 822 0 12 Others 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 73 0 1 71 0 Total population 9 171 100 19 578 100 28 136 100 42 922 100 69 930 100 3 250 031 100 Economy editAs of 2015 GDP of Faisalabad was estimated at 63 billion and projected to rise to 107 billion in 2025 at a growth rate of 5 7 Faisalabad contributes over 35 toward Pakistan s annual GDP and export revenue The textile and apparel industry is the major industry in Faisalabad It is also responsible for almost 60 80 of the export revenue of Pakistan The Faisalabad Chamber of Commerce and Industry FCCI and Pakistan Hosiery Manufacturers Association PHMA are the regulatory bodies for all textile and apparel manufacturers in the city These organizations work closely with the Ministry of Trade Faisalabad is as an industrial center with industries like processing mills engineering industrial goods textile manufacturing including cotton and silk textiles super phosphates apparel and hosiery industrial chemicals and dyes pulp and paper agricultural research and equipment oil and ghee clarified butter and concentrated beverages It has also been a hub for real estate particularly gated neighbourhoods such as Abdullah Gardens owned by Akbar Pervaiz and not Sheikh Ayub Ghanta Ghar edit nbsp The historical eight separate markets where locally grown produce is sold nbsp The Chenab Chowk Chowk monument pays homage to the city s textile industry 6 The Faisalabad clock tower and its eight bazaars markets is a major trading zone in the city The eight markets were designed based on the English flag Union Jack Every one of the eight bazaars is known for certain goods Katchery Bazar is known for its mobile phones and accessories market It is named for the session courts located adjacent to the street Rail Bazar is famous for its gold and cloth market Kharkhana Bazaar is known for its spices and herbs Montgomery Bazaar also known as Sutar Mandi is known for yarn and raw cloth trading Jhang Bazaar is known for its fish meat vegetables and fruits Bhawana Bazaar has all the commercial and industrial electrical goods Aminpur Bazaar has some of the oldest books stationery and interior decor boutiques Chiniot Bazaar is known for allopathic and homoeopathic medicinal stores Industrial zones edit Faisalabad Industrial Estate Development amp Management Company FIEDMC was established by Federal Government to boost manufacturing in Faisalabad Its objectives are to promote business and develop new clientele for the city s factories It further supports businesses to find suitable land infrastructure provision of utilities and dedicated business support services Value Addition City VAC commonly known as Garment city is located at Sahianwala Road near Khurrianwala It is home to many garments and apparel factories M 3 Industrial City M 3 IC comprises 4356 acres of land and Allama Iqbal City AllC comprises more than 3300 acres They house large scale manufacturing companies including textiles yarn mills pharmaceuticals chemicals automotive and spare parts etc Ruyi Masood Textile Park is located here Small Industrial Estate SME located at Punj Pullian Road houses small to medium sized industries It was provided by former Prime Minister Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif to provide international grade services to small and medium sized companies at promotional packages Faisalabad has received substantial funding from the government of Punjab and the city district government to improve infrastructure and roads to rural areas 111 In an effort to deal with the energy crisis the FCCI has been working with private companies to develop renewable energy resources such as solar energy and the construction of dams within the district 112 CAE a German based renewable energy company has disclosed plans to establish the first solar panel manufacturing facility in Faisalabad second of its kind in Asia with intentions of investing upwards of 100 million Rs 12 9 billion for its development 113 2020 Covid 19 Pandemic edit Pakistan entered a complete lockdown on the 20th of March 2020 All national and international travel was suspended The industry in Faisalabad was hit hard The federal government ordered complete closure of all industrial units Some industrial units are screening their workers for the coronavirus and making sure they follow the SOPs issued by the government as well Punjab has reported more than 11 000 coronavirus cases so far 114 2022 Floods Impact edit Pakistan saw a record flooding in the western and southern part of the country during the monsoon season in 2022 This resulted in a massive food shortage and provision of industrial raw materials such as cotton Faisalabad s textile industry took a massive hit in the costs and availability of cotton 115 Education editMain article List of educational institutions in Faisalabad nbsp nbsp Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty of Sciences University of Agriculture Faisalabad has several research and educational institutions Faisalabad is considered a regional hub for of research and higher education specializing in agriculture medical sciences chemical sciences textile universities and economics There are many public funded institutions that offer scholarships and financing options to lower and middle income households Many private schools colleges and universities offer huge range of courses at various levels of education Education system edit The education system is administered by the chief executive officer CEO of the District Education Authority of Faisalabad The city district Government is responsible for funding finances management and resource allocation for public run institutions It falls under the Ministry of Federal Education and Professional Training and the Minister for Education High ranking institutions edit Public funded Faisalabad Medical University formerly Punjab Medical College Faisalabad Divisional Public School Faisalabad Divisional Model School amp College Faisalabad University of Agriculture Government College University Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology Government College for Women University Faisalabad GCWUF University of Engineering amp Technology of LahorePrivate funded National Textile University National University of Modern Languages NUML NFC Institute of Engineering and Fertilizer Research NFC IEFR University of Faisalabad The Millennium Universal College Faisalabad Campus TMUC Faisalabad Beaconhouse School System The City School Roots Ivy School Allied School Punjab Group of Colleges SKANS School of AccountancyGovernment and Administration editCivic Administration edit Faisalabad was restructured into city district status a devolution promulgated by the 2001 local government ordinance LGO 116 It is governed by the city district s seven departments Agriculture Community Development Education Finance and Planning Health Municipal Services and Works and Services 117 The district coordination officer of Faisalabad DCO is head of the city district government and responsible for co ordinating and supervising the administrative units 117 Each of the seven departments has its own Executive District Officer who is charged with co ordinating and overseeing the activities of their respective departments The aim of the city district government is to empower politics by improving governance which basically involved decentralising administrative authority with the establishment of different departments and respective department heads all working under one platform The stated vision and mission of the city district government of Faisalabad is to establish an efficient effective and accountable city district government which is committed to respecting and upholding women men and children s basic human rights responsive towards people s needs committed to poverty reduction and capable of meeting the challenges of the 21st century Our actions will be driven by the concerns of local people 117 Tehsil Municipal Administration edit In 2005 Faisalabad was reorganised as a city district composed of eight Tehsil municipal administrations TMAs or towns as follows Lyallpur Madina Jinnah Iqbal Chak Jhumra Jaranwala Samundari and Tandlianwala 118 The functions of the TMA include preparation of the spatial and land use plans management of these development plans and exercise of control over land use land sub division land development and zoning by public and private sectors enforcement of municipal laws rules and by laws provision and management of water drainage waste and sanitation along with allied municipal services 119 There are 118 union councils in Faisalabad Their role is to collect and maintain statistical information for socio economic surveys They consolidate ward neighbourhood development needs and prioritise these into union wide development proposals The council identifies any deficiencies in the delivery of these services and makes recommendations for improvement to the TMA 120 Faisalabad Development Authority edit The Faisalabad Development Authority FDA was validly established in October 1976 under The Punjab Development of Cities Act 1976 to regulate supervise and implement development activities in its jurisdiction area 121 122 The FDA acts as a policy making body for the development of the city and is in charge of arranging and supervising major developments within the city It is responsible for the administration of building regulations management of parks and gardens and subsoil water management The FDA works with the Water and Sanitation Agency WASA to control and maintain the water supply sewerage and drainage 123 The FDA works to improve conditions in the slums 124 Public Services editLaw enforcement edit Punjab Police edit Law enforcement in Faisalabad is carried out by provincial police force officially called Punjab Police Within the city of Faisalabad it is under the command of the city police officer CPO an appointment by the provincial government appointments for Punjab Police 125 The office of the CPO is located in the District Courts Faisalabad 126 Faisalabad Region is headed by an officer not less than the rank of Deputy Inspector General of Police DIG Faisalabad Police is headed by a District Police Officer who is assisted by a varying number of Superintendents and Deputy Superintendents of Police City Traffic Police Faisalabad edit City Traffic Police is a branch of Punjab Police which is a public funded entity of the provincial government of Punjab The department is responsible for maintaining the following within the district of Faisalabad Conduct traffic safety and compliance Traffic signs Road signs and closures Road marking and planning Traffic signals and maintaining uninterrupted flow of traffic Traffic violation ticketing and penalty collection Issuance of driving license Conducting driving tests and provisional licensingDistrict and Session Courts Faisalabad edit District and Sessions Court in Faisalabad is an extension of the provincial bench of High Court in Lahore The offices are located at District Courts Faisalabad Directions can also be found at Google Maps for Sessions Courts Faisalabad and District Courts Faisalabad Special Offices edit Police formations including District Police Elite Police Punjab highway Patrol Crime Investigation Branch and Special Operations Branch have offices in the city 127 Taxation edit Regional Tax Office is a field formation of the Federal Board of Revenue FBR It is situated at Regional Tax Office Jail Road Faisalabad and can be found at Google Maps Regional Tax Office This office is responsible for monitoring and collection of federal taxes imposed by the Government of Pakistan This office has jurisdiction to send notices research and execute legal notices for entities operating within the district of Faisalabad This office actively runs mass media campaigns to create awareness regarding taxation legal rights of citizens and to facilitate voluntary tax compliance This office can provide information regarding Income Tax Sales Tax VAT Corporation Tax and Zero Tax rated services The website managed and operated by the FBR is a reliable and up to date source of information for all tax related matters FBR does issue regular notices to ensure correct information is published and to disregard false information circulating in the market places by unverified sources Excise Taxation and Narcotics Control Department is another department managed by the provincial Govt of Punjab This department is responsible for the following Collection of property tax Issuance of property notices and property taxes Motor vehicle registration Online verification of registered vehicles Online self assessment of property tax Motor vehicle clearance Control of regulated substances and prosecutionsThe department can be accessed by its website ETNC The office can be accessed by the Google Maps ETNC Water and Sanitation edit The Water and Sanitation Agency WASA is a subsidiary of Faisalabad Development Authority FDA established on 23 April 1978 under the Development of Cities Act 1976 128 Estimates in indicate that the WASA provides about 72 of the city s sewerage services and about 60 of their water services 129 The existing production capacity of the WASA is 65 million imperial gallons per day 300 million litres per day almost all of which is drawn from wells located in the old beds of the Chenab River From the wells water is pumped to a terminal reservoir located on Sargodha Road 130 Water is normally supplied for a total of about 8 hours per day to the majority of the city 130 The Japan International Cooperation Agency JICA has provided financial and hardware equipment to help improve the water and sanitation conditions in the city 131 Healthcare editGovernment Hospitals edit Faisalabad is home to some large public hospitals within the district Allied Hospital Faisalabad is the largest public funded and managed hospital within the city of Faisalabad as well as the district It offers many advanced treatments and specialist care facilities Other notable government run hospitals are DHQ District Headquarter Hospital Institute of Child Care 132 PINUM Cancer Hospital Govt Children Hospital Punjab Social Security Hospital Social Security Newborn and Children Hospital Punjab Employees Maternity Ward and Faisalabad Institute of Cardiology There are other government funded and managed general hospitals in Ghulam Muhammadabad Samanabad and Peoples Colony No 2 133 Media editTelevision and radio edit The Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority PEMRA is responsible for the regulation and monitoring of electronic media entertainment in the country 134 Pakistan Television Corporation is the state owned regulated television broadcasting network 135 The government began licensing private broadcasters in 2002 136 The government of Pakistan installed the first radio transmitters in the city on 15 September 1982 137 Radio Pakistan broadcasts three government regulated FM stations Radio Pakistan FM101 Radio Pakistan FM93 and Radio Pakistan Sautul Qur an Channel FM93 4 FM101 became operational in 2002 FM93 went live in 2010 and FM93 4 Sautul Qur an Channel went live in 2016 PBC all three stations are standard power KW 2 5 138 Telecommunications edit Pakistan Telecommunication Authority is a government owned organisation that is responsible for the establishment operation and maintenance of telecommunications in the city 139 The organisation monitors and prevents illegal exchanges in the city 140 Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited is the main provider of fixed line mobile and broadband services Regional headquarters is located at the Central Telecom House in Chinot Bazaar 141 With the deregulation of the telecommunication sector by the Ministry of Information Technology a range of companies now offer mobile and broadband services in the city 142 Film and theatre edit In 2008 the Government of Pakistan lifted a forty year ban on Bollywood films which allowed Indian films to be played in cinemas 143 The cinema industry has since seen the introduction of new cinemas such as Cinepax by Hotel One 144 and Cine Nagina 145 The Government College University in Faisalabad encourages students from the University of Agriculture to hold workshops and explore themes of peace and tolerance which can be used in an engaging and entertaining way to communicate complex issues to different audiences 146 Recreation edit nbsp A view of Chenab Club in December 2020 nbsp D Ground Central Park was rebuilt by the city district government and now includes miniatures of the symbols of Pakistan such as the Mazar e Quaid Minar e Pakistan and Bab e Pakistan nbsp Iqbal Stadium is an international cricket ground home to the Faisalabad Wolves cricket team Public parks edit The Parks and Horticulture Authority PHA is responsible for running and managing all public parks within the district of Faisalabad Jinnah Gardens is the oldest and most established public park in the city It serves as the city s central park and a cultural hub It is commonly known as Company Bagh A monument of Sir James Broadwood Lyall is situated at the eastern corner of the park Dhobi Ghat Park is a historic park in the oldest part of the city It is located on Kotwali Road just next to the Government College University Faisalabad The park has a long history of rallies and protests The park was chosen as a venue of choice by Muhammad Ali Jinnah Liaqat Ali Khan Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Benazir Bhutto Nawaz Sharif Shebaz Sharif Maryam Nawaz and Imran Khan Gatwala Park is located in the outskirts of the city on the north eastern side It serves as a family park with amusements such as a zoo and a lake The Gatwala Wildlife Park is a botanical natural reserve located next to the Gatwala Park It that was renovated by the city district government 147 Pahari Grounds is located in Peoples Colony 2 It is a residential area popular locations such as Babar Chowk Fawara Chowk and the old gates A Pakistan Air Force retired F 86 Sabre is on display on a hilltop within this park It is a local attraction D Ground Park is located in the Peoples Colony 1 area within the D Ground shopping area Several models of Pakistani monuments are on display in this park all year round Sports edit Main article List of sports venues in Faisalabad Cricket is a popular sport in Faisalabad Regional and international cricket matches are held in Iqbal Stadium 148 named after Pakistani poet Sir Allama Muhammad Iqbal 149 The stadium is home to Faisalabad s local team the Faisalabad Wolves 150 Iqbal Stadium hosted the 1987 Cricket World Cup 151 and the 1996 Cricket World Cup 152 The Faisalabad Hockey Stadium located on Susan Road was constructed in 2002 and can accommodate 25 000 spectators On 16 April 2003 the stadium was inaugurated by Khalid Maqbool governor of Punjab It is the third largest field hockey stadium in the country 153 The stadium has hosted field hockey matches for both national and international competition but by the beginning of 2016 was reported to be in pathetic condition as its astroturf has completed its life span about eight years ago Commissioner Naseem Nawaz advised that efforts were under way to maintain the stadium 153 In October 2002 the Government College University established a Directorate of Sports to promote university and national level sports for male and female players Infrastructure and facilities are available for university players in track hockey tennis basketball table tennis badminton and cricket pitch 154 Public libraries and museums edit There are two libraries that are open to the public Allama Iqbal Library and Municipal Corporation Public Library They are funded and regulated by the government of Punjab under the service sector 155 Allama Iqbal Library is located on University Road opposite the District Courts The library is housed in the 1911 built colonial building originally named Coronation Library during the rule of the British Empire In 2012 the building came under control of the Lyallpur Heritage Foundation 156 and the Punjab Archives and Libraries Department 157 Lyallpur Museum is located adjacent to the Allama Iqbal Library on University Road It is a heritage museum and art gallery open to the public The museum is primarily focused on regional history with a collection of artwork artefacts and photographs 158 Municipal Library is located in Iqbal Park on Narwala Road opposite the historical grounds of Dhobi Ghat 159 The library has a large collection of books a photo gallery and a conference centre In 2011 the library underwent a renovation costing 40 million rupees 160 The Forest Library at the Punjab Forestry Research Institute PFRI is one of two specialist libraries the other being in Lahore 161 Opened in 1986 the research library is based at the Wildlife Research Center in Gatwala 162 Social clubs edit The Chenab Club founded in 1910 is the oldest social club in Faisalabad It was founded by the British armed forces serving in the area during the British rule Today it is a prestigious club offering sports recreation dining and cultural activities Transportation edit nbsp Airside view of Faisalabad Airport nbsp The front entrance to the 19th century colonial railway station nbsp Roads in Faisalabad Airport edit Faisalabad International Airport is approximately 15 kilometres 9 3 mi from the city center It is located at Faisalabad Jhang Road The airport underwent major renovations during between 2014 and 2017 The main termainal building was completed renovated Major extensions were carried out as part of a major development initiative by the former Prime Minister of Pakistan Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif It is a regional airport that serves domestic and international travel The airport offers cargo freight passenger travel private terminal flying school and military base to Pakistan Air Force The airlines with operations at Faisalabad International Airport include Pakistan International Airlines FlyDubai Qatar Airways Air Arabia Gulf Air and Serene Air Rail edit The Faisalabad railway station is the central railway station in the city The railway line forms part of the Khanewal Wazirabad railway line Rail services are operated by Pakistan Railways owned and operated by the Ministry of Railways 163 Cargo Express services are operated by Pakistan Railways which runs from Karachi to Faisalabad via Multan Twenty seven bogies compose the goods train and are handled respectively by private contractors at the station 164 The station has a special cargo facility operated by the Ministry of Railways Pakistan for handling various goods from the city to other regions of the country An express parcel service runs from Karachi to Lahore via Faisalabad 165 Road network edit Main article Roads in Faisalabad Faisalabad has a highly developed road network There are many access ways in and out of the city It is well connected through motorways dual carriageways and highways Sister cities editFaisalabad is a globally recognized city due to its textiles export trade Its sister cities are nbsp Qingdao China nbsp Wuhan China nbsp Tabriz Iran nbsp Kanpur India nbsp Kobe Japan nbsp Cordoba Spain nbsp Sharjah United Arab Emirates nbsp Manchester United Kingdom nbsp Los Angeles United States of AmericaSee also editList of people from Faisalabad Faisalabad District Faisalabad Electric Supply CompanyNotes edit 1901 1941 Data for the entirety of the town of Lyallpur which included Lyallpur Municipality 102 32 2017 Combined urban populations of Faisalabad City Tehsil and Faisalabad Saddar Tehsil a b 1931 1941 Including Ad DharmisReferences edit Administrators appointments planned as Punjab LG system dissolves today The Nation newspaper 31 December 2021 Retrieved 5 January 2022 Commissioner for early completion of Business Facilitation Centre The Nation newspaper 19 December 2023 Retrieved 19 December 2023 a b Here are Ten Most Populated Cities of Pakistan 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1996 Archived from the original on 27 March 2016 Retrieved 20 December 2015 Faisalabad Public libraries Punjab Portal Government of Punjab Pakistan website Retrieved 28 October 2020 Lyllpur Museum Body Formed To Acquire Conserve Artifacts The Express Tribune newspaper 29 August 2012 Retrieved 28 October 2020 Malik Sonia 6 March 2013 Public Libraries and Archive Department formed The Express Tribune newspaper Retrieved 28 October 2020 BoG Approves Lyallpur Museum Regulations The Nation Karachi Pakistan 2 December 2013 Archived from the original on 11 September 2016 Retrieved 28 October 2020 Faisalabad Public libraries Punjab Portal Government of Punjab Pakistan website Retrieved 28 October 2020 Municipal Library Building To Be Reconstructed Pakistan Today 24 March 2011 Retrieved 18 June 2016 Libraries fwf punjab gov pk Government of Punjab Retrieved 7 June 2016 Wildlife Research Center Gatwala Faisalabad Government of Punjab Retrieved 7 June 2016 Ministry of Railways Government of Pakistan Ministry of Railways Government of Pakistan Archived from the original on 22 June 2016 Retrieved 12 June 2016 Siddiqui Zaheer Mahmood 7 December 2014 Karachi Faisalabad route Railways to resume cargo express Dawn Retrieved 7 June 2016 Railways to earn Rs 12b from freight trains The Nation 8 February 2016 Retrieved 7 June 2016 External links edit nbsp Faisalabad test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator Faisalabad at Wikipedia s sister projects nbsp Definitions from Wiktionary nbsp Media from Commons nbsp News from Wikinews nbsp Quotations from Wikiquote nbsp Texts from Wikisource nbsp Textbooks from Wikibooks nbsp Resources from Wikiversity Faisalabad City District Punjab Government website Faisalabad at Curlie Faisalabad Postal Codes Complete List nbsp Faisalabad travel guide from Wikivoyage Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Faisalabad amp oldid 1210395862, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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