^"ARC - Assembler for Booth". hopl.info. Retrieved 11 October 2022.
^UNIVAC conference, Charles Babbage Institute, University of Minnesota. 171-page transcript of oral history with computer pioneers, including Albert B. Tonik, involved with the Univac computer, held on 17–18 May 1990.
^"Der Freiburger Code auf der Zuse" (in German). Retrieved 26 October 2014.
^Stroustrup, Bjarne (7 March 2010). "Bjarne Stroustrup's FAQ: When was C++ invented?". stroustrup.com. from the original on 6 February 2016. Retrieved 15 February 2023.
^"Why We Created Julia". Julia website. February 2012. Retrieved 7 February 2013.
^. The Julia Manual. Archived from the original on 8 April 2016.
^Simple, fast & type safe code that leverages the JavaScript & OCaml ecosystems: facebook/reason, Facebook, 24 March 2019, retrieved 24 March 2019
^Ring Team (23 October 2021). "The Ring programming language and other languages". ring-lang.net.
^"GitHub - ballerina-platform/ballerina-lang: The Ballerina Programming Language". 25 November 2019 – via GitHub.
External linksedit
Online Historical Encyclopaedia of Programming Languages
Diagram & history of programming languages
Eric Levenez's timeline diagram of computer languages history
October 30, 2023
timeline, programming, languages, this, article, multiple, issues, please, help, improve, discuss, these, issues, talk, page, learn, when, remove, these, template, messages, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this. This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Timeline of programming languages news newspapers books scholar JSTOR December 2010 Learn how and when to remove this template message This article relies excessively on references to primary sources Please improve this article by adding secondary or tertiary sources Find sources Timeline of programming languages news newspapers books scholar JSTOR December 2010 Learn how and when to remove this template message Learn how and when to remove this template message This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources This is a record of notable programming languages by decade Contents 1 Pre 1950 2 1950s 3 1960s 4 1970s 5 1980s 6 1990s 7 2000s 8 2010s 9 2020s 10 See also 11 References 12 External linksPre 1950 editYear Name Chief developer company Predecessor s 1804 Jacquard machine Joseph Marie Jacquard none unique language 1879 Begriffsschrift Gottlob Frege none unique language 1943 45 Plankalkul year of conceptualization Konrad Zuse none unique language 1943 46 ENIAC coding system John von Neumann John Mauchly J Presper Eckert and Herman Goldstine after Alan Turing The first programmers of ENIAC were Kay McNulty Betty Jennings Betty Snyder Marlyn Meltzer Fran Bilas and Ruth Lichterman none unique language 1946 ENIAC Short Code Richard Clippinger and John von Neumann after Alan Turing none unique language 1947 52 ARC Birkbeck Assembler Kathleen Booth ENIAC Short Code 1 1948 Plankalkul year of concept publication Konrad Zuse none unique language 1949 EDSAC Initial Orders David Wheeler ENIAC coding system1949 Short Code originally known as Brief Code John Mauchly and William F Schmitt ENIAC Short CodeYear Name Chief developer company Predecessor s 1950s editYear Name Chief developer company Predecessor s 1950 Short Code for UNIVAC I William F Schmitt Short Code1951 Superplan Heinz Rutishauser Plankalkul1951 ALGAE Edward A Voorhees and Karl Balke none unique language 1951 Intermediate Programming Language Arthur Burks Short Code1951 Boehm unnamed coding system Corrado Bohm CPC Coding scheme1951 Klammerausdrucke Konrad Zuse Plankalkul1951 Stanislaus Notation Fritz Bauer none unique language 1951 Sort Merge Generator Betty Holberton none unique language 1952 Short Code for UNIVAC II Albert B Tonik 2 J R Logan Short Code for UNIVAC I 1952 A 0 Grace Hopper Short Code1952 Glennie Autocode Alick Glennie after Alan Turing CPC Coding scheme1952 Operator programming Alexey Andreevich Lyapunov with the participation Kateryna Yushchenko MESM1952 Editing Generator Milly Koss SORT MERGE1952 COMPOOL RAND SDC none unique language 1953 Speedcoding John W Backus none unique language 1953 READ PRINT Don Harroff James Fishman George Ryckman none unique language 1954 Laning and Zierler system Laning Zierler Adams at MIT Project Whirlwind none unique language 1954 Mark I Autocode Tony Brooker Glennie Autocode1954 55 FORTRAN concept Team led by John W Backus at IBM Speedcoding1954 ARITH MATIC Team led by Grace Hopper at UNIVAC A 01954 MATH MATIC Team led by Charles Katz A 01954 MATRIX MATH H G Kahrimanian none unique language 1954 IPL I concept Allen Newell Cliff Shaw Herbert A Simon none unique language 1955 Address programming language with Pointers Kateryna Yushchenko Operator programming Alexey Andreevich Lyapunov amp Kateryna Yushchenko amp MESM1955 FLOW MATIC Team led by Grace Hopper at UNIVAC A 01955 BACAIC M Grems and R Porter1955 PACT I SHARE FORTRAN A 21955 Freiburger Code 3 4 University of Freiburg 1955 56 Sequentielle Formelubersetzung Fritz Bauer and Karl Samelson Boehm1955 56 IT Team led by Alan Perlis Laning and Zierler1955 PRINT IBM1958 IPL II implementation Allen Newell Cliff Shaw Herbert A Simon IPL I1956 58 LISP concept John McCarthy IPL1957 COMTRAN Bob Bemer FLOW MATIC1957 GEORGE Charles Leonard Hamblin none unique language 1957 FORTRAN I implementation John W Backus at IBM FORTRAN1957 58 UNICODE Remington Rand UNIVAC MATH MATIC1957 COMIT concept Victor Yngve none unique language 1958 FORTRAN II Team led by John W Backus at IBM FORTRAN I1958 ALGOL 58 IAL ACM GAMM FORTRAN IT Sequentielle Formelubersetzung1958 IPL V Allen Newell Cliff Shaw Herbert A Simon IPL II1959 APT Douglas T Ross1959 FACT Fletcher R Jones Roy Nutt Robert L Patrick none unique language 1959 COBOL concept The CODASYL Committee FLOW MATIC COMTRAN FACT1959 JOVIAL Jules Schwartz at SDC ALGOL 581959 LISP implementation John McCarthy IPL1959 MAD Michigan Algorithm Decoder Bruce Arden Bernard Galler and Robert M Graham ALGOL 581959 TRAC concept Calvin MooersYear Name Chief developer company Predecessor s 1960s editYear Name Chief developer company Predecessor s 1960 ALGOL 60 ALGOL 581960 COBOL 61 implementation The CODASYL Committee FLOW MATIC COMTRAN1961 COMIT implementation Victor Yngve none unique language 1961 GPSS Geoffrey Gordon IBM none unique language 1962 FORTRAN IV IBM FORTRAN II1962 APL concept Kenneth E Iverson none unique language 1962 Simula concept Ole Johan Dahl mostly ALGOL 601962 SNOBOL Ralph Griswold et al FORTRAN II COMIT1963 Combined Programming Language CPL concept Barron Christopher Strachey et al ALGOL 601963 SNOBOL3 Griswold et al SNOBOL1963 ALGOL 68 concept Adriaan van Wijngaarden et al ALGOL 601963 JOSS I Cliff Shaw RAND ALGOL 581964 MIMIC H E Petersen et al MIDAS1964 COWSEL Rod Burstall Robin Popplestone CPL LISP1964 PL I concept IBM ALGOL 60 COBOL FORTRAN1964 Basic Assembly Language IBM Assembly language1964 BASIC John George Kemeny Thomas Eugene Kurtz at Dartmouth College FORTRAN II JOSS1964 IBM RPG IBM FARGO1964 Mark IV Informatics1964 Speakeasy 2 Stanley Cohen at Argonne National Laboratory Speakeasy1964 TRAC implementation Calvin Mooers1964 P Corrado Bohm none unique language 1964 IITRAN1965 RPG II IBM FARGO RPG1965 MAD I concept University of Michigan MAD ALGOL 60 PL I1965 TELCOMP BBN JOSS1965 Atlas Autocode Tony Brooker Derrick Morris at Manchester University ALGOL 60 Autocode1965 PL360 concept Niklaus Wirth ALGOL 60 ESPOL1966 JOSS II Chuck Baker RAND JOSS I1966 ALGOL W Niklaus Wirth C A R Hoare ALGOL 601966 FORTRAN 66 John Backus and his team FORTRAN IV1966 ISWIM concept Peter J Landin LISP1966 CORAL 66 I F Currie M Griffiths ALGOL 601966 APL implementation 5 Kenneth E Iverson none unique language 1967 BCPL Martin Richards CPL1967 MUMPS Massachusetts General Hospital FORTRAN TELCOMP1967 Simula 67 implementation Ole Johan Dahl Bjorn Myhrhaug Kristen Nygaard at Norsk Regnesentral ALGOL 601967 Interlisp D G Bobrow and D L Murphy Lisp1967 EXAPT Herwart Opitz Wilhelm Simon Gunter Spur and Gottfried Stute at RWTH Aachen University and TU Berlin APT1967 SNOBOL4 Ralph Griswold et al SNOBOL31967 XPL William M McKeeman et al at University of California Santa CruzJ J Horning et al at Stanford University PL I1968 ALGOL 68 UNESCO IFIP standard Adriaan van Wijngaarden Barry J Mailloux John E L Peck and Cornelis H A Koster et al ALGOL 601968 POP 1 Rod Burstall Robin Popplestone COWSEL1968 DIBOL 8 DEC DIBOL1968 Forth concept Moore1968 Logo Wally Feurzeig Seymour Papert Cynthia Solomon LISP1968 MAPPER Unisys CRT RPS1968 REFAL implementation Valentin Turchin none unique language 1968 TTM implementation Steven Caine and E Kent Gordon California Institute of Technology GAP GPM1968 PILOT John Amsden Starkweather University of California San Francisco Computest1968 PL360 implementation Niklaus Wirth ALGOL 60 ESPOL1968 PL S as Basic Systems Language IBM Assembly language1969 PL I implementation IBM ALGOL 60 COBOL FORTRAN1969 B Ken Thompson with contributions from Dennis Ritchie BCPL1969 Polymorphic Programming Language PPL Thomas A Standish at Harvard University1969 SETL Jack Schwartz at Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences ALGOL 601969 TUTOR Paul Tenczar amp University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign1969 Edinburgh IMP Edinburgh University ALGOL 60 Autocode Atlas AutocodeYear Name Chief developer company Predecessor s 1970s editYear Name Chief developer company Predecessor s 1970 Forth implementation Charles H Moore1970 POP 2 Robin Popplestone POP 11970 SAIL Dan Swinehart Bob Sproull ALGOL 601970 Pascal Niklaus Wirth Kathleen Jensen ALGOL 60 ALGOL W1970 BLISS Wulf Russell Habermann at Carnegie Mellon University ALGOL1971 KRL Daniel G Bobrow at Xerox PARC Terry Winograd at Stanford University KM FRL MIT 1971 Compiler Description Language CDL Cornelis H A Koster at University of Nijmegen1972 Smalltalk 72 Alan Kay Adele Goldberg Dan Ingalls Xerox PARC Simula 671972 PL M Gary Kildall at Digital Research PL I ALGOL XPL1972 C Dennis Ritchie B BCPL ALGOL 681972 INTERCAL Don Woods James M Lyon none unique language 1972 Prolog Alain Colmerauer 2 level W Grammar1972 Structured Query language SQL IBM ALPHA Quel Ingres 1972 SASL David Turner at University of St Andrews ISWIM1973 COMAL Borge Christensen Benedict Lofstedt Pascal BASIC1973 ML Robin Milner1973 LIS Jean Ichbiah et al at CII Honeywell Bull Pascal Sue1973 Speakeasy 3 Stanley Cohen Steven Pieper at Argonne National Laboratory Speakeasy 21974 CLU Barbara Liskov ALGOL 60 Lisp Simula1974 GRASS Thomas A DeFanti BASIC1974 BASIC FOUR MAI BASIC Four Inc Business BASIC1974 PROSE modeling language CDC 6600 Cybernet Services SLANG FORTRAN1974 sed Lee E McMahon of Bell Labs ed1975 ABC Leo Geurts and Lambert Meertens SETL1975 Irvine Dataflow concept Arvind University of California Irvine1975 PROSE modeling language Time Sharing Version CDC 6400 Cybernet KRONOS Services SLANG FORTRAN1975 Scheme Gerald Jay Sussman Guy L Steele Jr LISP1975 Altair BASIC Bill Gates Paul Allen BASIC1975 CS 4 James S Miller Benjamin M Brosgol et al at Intermetrics ALGOL 68 BLISS ECL HAL1975 Modula Niklaus Wirth Pascal1976 Plus Allan Ballard Paul Whaley at the University of British Columbia Pascal Sue1976 Smalltalk 76 Xerox PARC Smalltalk 721976 Mesa Xerox PARC ALGOL1976 Ratfor Brian Kernighan C FORTRAN1976 S John Chambers at Bell Labs APL PPL Scheme1976 SAS SAS Institute1976 Integer BASIC Steve Wozniak BASIC1977 FP John Backus none unique language 1977 Bourne Shell sh Stephen R Bourne none unique language 1977 Commodore BASIC Jack Tramiel BASIC1977 IDL David Stern of Research Systems Inc Fortran1977 Standard MUMPS MUMPS1977 Icon concept Ralph Griswold SNOBOL1977 Euclid Butler Lampson at Xerox PARC Ric Holt and James Cordy at University of Toronto1977 Applesoft BASIC Marc McDonald and Ric Weiland BASIC1978 RAPT Pat Ambler and Robin Popplestone APT1978 C shell Bill Joy C1978 RPG III IBM FARGO RPG RPG II1978 HAL S designed by Intermetrics for NASA XPL1978 Applesoft II BASIC Marc McDonald and Ric Weiland Applesoft BASIC1975 Irvine Dataflow implementation Arvind and Gostelow University of California Irvine1978 MATLAB Cleve Moler at the University of New Mexico Fortran1978 SMALL Nevil Brownlee at the University of Auckland Algol601978 VisiCalc Dan Bricklin Bob Frankston marketed by VisiCorp none unique language 1979 TI BASIC TI 99 4A Texas Instruments BASIC1979 Modula 2 Niklaus Wirth Modula Mesa1979 REXX Mike Cowlishaw at IBM PL I BASIC EXEC 21979 AWK Alfred Aho Peter J Weinberger Brian Kernighan C SNOBOL1979 Icon implementation Ralph Griswold SNOBOL1979 Vulcan dBase II Wayne Ratliff none unique language Year Name Chief developer company Predecessor s 1980s editYear Name Chief developer company Predecessor s 1980 Ada 80 MIL STD 1815 Jean Ichbiah at CII Honeywell Bull ALGOL 68 Green1980 C with classes Bjarne Stroustrup 6 C Simula 671980 Applesoft III Apple Computer Applesoft II BASIC1980 Apple III Microsoft BASIC Microsoft Microsoft BASIC1980 81 CBASIC Gordon Eubanks BASIC Compiler Systems Digital Research1980 Smalltalk 80 Adele Goldberg at Xerox PARC Smalltalk 761981 TI Extended BASIC Texas Instruments TI BASIC TI 99 4A 1981 BBC BASIC Acorn Computers Sophie Wilson BASIC1981 IBM BASICA Microsoft BASIC1982 Speakeasy IV Stanley Cohen et al at Speakeasy Computing Corporation Speakeasy 31982 Draco Chris Gray Pascal C ALGOL 681982 PostScript Warnock InterPress1982 Turing Ric Holt and James Cordy at University of Toronto Euclid1983 GW BASIC Microsoft IBM BASICA1983 Turbo Pascal Hejlsberg at Borland Pascal1983 Ada 83 ANSI MIL STD 1815A Jean Ichbiah at Alsys Ada 80 Green1983 Objective C Brad Cox Smalltalk C1983 C 7 Bjarne Stroustrup C with Classes1983 True BASIC John George Kemeny Thomas Eugene Kurtz at Dartmouth College BASIC1983 occam David May EPL1983 ABAP SAP AG COBOL1983 KornShell ksh David Korn sh1983 Clascal Apple Computer Pascal1984 CLIPPER Nantucket dBase1984 Common Lisp Guy L Steele Jr and many others LISP1984 Coq INRIA1984 RPL Hewlett Packard Forth Lisp1984 Standard ML ML1984 Redcode Alexander Dewdney and D G Jones1984 OPL Psion BASIC1985 PARADOX Borland dBase1985 QuickBASIC Microsoft BASIC1986 Clarion Bruce Barrington1986 CorVision Cortex INFORM1986 Eiffel Bertrand Meyer Simula 67 Ada1986 GFA BASIC Frank Ostrowski BASIC1986 Informix 4GL Informix1986 LabVIEW National Instruments1986 Miranda David Turner at University of Kent SASL1986 Object Pascal Apple Computer Pascal1986 PROMAL C1986 Erlang Joe Armstrong and others in Ericsson PLEX Prolog1987 Ada ISO 8652 1987 ANSI MIL STD 1815A unchanged Ada 831987 Self concept Sun Microsystems Inc Smalltalk1987 occam 2 David May and INMOS occam1987 HyperTalk Apple Computer none unique language 1987 Clean Software Technology Research Group of Radboud University Nijmegen none unique language 1987 Perl Larry Wall C sed awk sh1987 Oberon Niklaus Wirth Modula 21987 Turbo Basic Robert Bob Zale BASIC Z1988 Mathematica Wolfram Language Wolfram Research none unique language 1988 Octave MATLAB1988 Tcl John Ousterhout Awk Lisp1988 STOS BASIC Francois Lionet and Constantin Sotiropoulos BASIC1988 Actor Charles Duff the Whitewater Group Forth Smalltalk1988 Object REXX Simon C Nash REXX Smalltalk1988 SPARK Bernard A Carre Ada1988 A Arthur Whitney APL A1988 Hamilton C shell Nicole Hamilton C shell1988 1989 C90 C90 ISO IEC 9899 1990 C1989 Turbo Pascal OOP Anders Hejlsberg at Borland Turbo Pascal Object Pascal1989 Modula 3 Cardeli et al DEC and Olivetti Modula 21989 PowerBASIC Robert Bob Zale Turbo Basic1989 VisSim Peter Darnell Visual Solutions1989 LPC Lars Pensjo1989 Bash Brian Fox Bourne shell C shell KornShell1989 Magik Arthur Chance of Smallworld Systems Ltd SmalltalkYear Name Chief developer company Predecessor s 1990s editYear Name Chief developer company Predecessor s 1990 Sather Steve Omohundro Eiffel1990 AMOS BASIC Francois Lionet and Constantin Sotiropoulos STOS BASIC1990 AMPL Robert Fourer David Gay and Brian Kernighan at Bell Laboratories1990 Object Oberon H Mossenbock J Templ R Griesemer Oberon1990 J Kenneth E Iverson Roger Hui at Iverson Software APL FP1990 Haskell Miranda Clean1990 EuLisp Common Lisp Scheme1990 Z shell zsh Paul Falstad at Princeton University ksh1990 SKILL T J Barnes at Cadence Design Systems Franz Lisp1991 GNU E David J DeWitt Michael J Carey C 1991 Oberon 2 Hanspeter Mossenbock Wirth Object Oberon1991 Oz Gert Smolka and his students Prolog1991 Q Albert Graf1991 Python Guido van Rossum Perl ABC C1991 Visual Basic Alan Cooper sold to Microsoft QuickBASIC1992 Borland Pascal Turbo Pascal OOP1992 Dylan Many people at Apple Computer Common Lisp Scheme1992 S Lang John E Davis PostScript1993 Self implementation Sun Microsystems Smalltalk1993 Amiga E Wouter van Oortmerssen DEX C Modula 21993 Brainfuck Urban Muller P 1993 LiveCode Transcript HyperTalk1993 AppleScript Apple Computer HyperTalk1993 K Arthur Whitney APL Lisp1993 Lua Roberto Ierusalimschy et al at Tecgraf PUC Rio Scheme SNOBOL Modula CLU C 1993 R Robert Gentleman and Ross Ihaka S1993 ZPL Chamberlain et al at University of Washington C1993 NewtonScript Walter Smith Self Dylan1993 Euphoria Robert Craig SNOBOL AWK ABC Icon Python1994 Claire Yves Caseau Smalltalk SETL OPS5 Lisp ML C LORE LAURE1994 ANSI Common Lisp Common Lisp1994 RAPID ABB ARLA1994 Pike Fredrik Hubinette et al at Linkoping University LPC C µLPC1994 ANS Forth Elizabeth Rather et al Forth1995 Ada 95 S Tucker Taft et al at Intermetrics Ada 831995 Borland Delphi Anders Hejlsberg at Borland Borland Pascal1995 ColdFusion CFML Allaire1995 Java James Gosling at Sun Microsystems C Simula 67 C Smalltalk Ada 83 Objective C Mesa1995 LiveScript Brendan Eich at Netscape Self C Scheme1995 Mercury Zoltan Somogyi at University of Melbourne Prolog Hope Haskell1995 PHP Rasmus Lerdorf Perl1995 Ruby Yukihiro Matsumoto Smalltalk Perl1995 JavaScript Brendan Eich at Netscape LiveScript1995 Racket Matthew Flatt at Rice University Scheme Lisp1996 CSS Hakon Wium Lie and Bert Bos SGML1996 Curl David Kranz Steve Ward Chris Terman at MIT Lisp C Tcl Tk TeX HTML1996 Lasso Blue World Communications1996 Perl Data Language PDL Karl Glazebrook Jarle Brinchmann Tuomas Lukka and Christian Soeller APL Perl1996 VBScript Microsoft Visual Basic1996 OCaml INRIA Caml Light Standard ML1996 NetRexx Mike Cowlishaw REXX1997 Component Pascal Oberon Microsystems Oberon 21997 E Mark S Miller Joule Original E1997 Pico Free University of Brussels Scheme1997 Squeak Alan Kay et al at Apple Computer Smalltalk 80 Self1997 ECMAScript ECMA TC39 TG1 JavaScript1997 F Script Philippe Mougin Smalltalk APL Objective C1997 ISLISP ISO Standard ISLISP Common Lisp1997 Tea Jorge Nunes Java Scheme Tcl1997 REBOL Carl Sassenrath Rebol Technologies Self Forth Lisp Logo1998 Logtalk Paulo Moura then at University of Coimbra Prolog1998 ActionScript Gary Grossman ECMAScript1998 Standard C ANSI ISO Standard C C Standard C C1998 M2001 Ronald E Prather Trinity University Texas none unique language 1998 PureBasic Frederic Laboureur Fantaisie Software1998 UnrealScript Tim Sweeney at Epic Games C Java1998 XSLT XPath W3C James Clark DSSSL1998 Xojo REALbasic at the time Xojo Andrew Barry Visual Basic1999 C99 C99 ISO IEC 9899 1999 C901999 Gambas Benoit Minisini Visual Basic Java1999 Game Maker Language GML Mark Overmars Game Maker1999 Harbour Antonio Linares dBase ClipperYear Name Chief developer company Predecessor s 2000s editYear Name Chief developer company Predecessor s 2000 Join Java G Stewart von Itzstein Java2000 DarkBASIC The Game Creators2000 C Anders Hejlsberg Microsoft ECMA C C Java Delphi Modula 22001 Joy Manfred von Thun FP Forth2001 AspectJ Gregor Kiczales Xerox PARC Java Common Lisp2001 D Walter Bright Digital Mars C C C Java2001 Processing Casey Reas and Benjamin Fry Java C C 8 2001 Visual Basic NET Microsoft Visual Basic2001 GDScript GDS Juan Linietsky Ariel Manzur OKAM Studio Godot2001 Shakespeare Programming Language Jon Aslund Karl Hasselstrom2002 Io Steve Dekorte Self NewtonScript Lua2002 Gosu Guidewire Software GScript2002 Scratch Mitchel Resnick John Maloney Natalie Rusk Evelyn Eastmond Tammy Stern Amon Millner Jay Silver and Brian Silverman Logo Smalltalk Squeak E Toys HyperCard AgentSheets StarLogo Tweak2003 Nix Eelco Dolstra Miranda SASL Haskell2003 Nemerle University of Wroclaw C ML MetaHaskell2003 Factor Slava Pestov Joy Forth Lisp2003 Scala Martin Odersky Smalltalk Java Haskell Standard ML OCaml2003 C 03 C ISO IEC 14882 2003 C Standard C C2003 Squirrel Alberto Demichelis Lua2003 Boo Rodrigo B de Oliveira Python C 2004 Subtext Jonathan Edwards none unique language 2004 Alma 0 Krzysztof Apt Centrum Wiskunde amp Informatica none unique language 2004 FreeBASIC Andre Victor QBasic2004 Groovy James Strachan Java2004 Little b Aneil Mallavarapu Harvard Medical School Department of Systems Biology Lisp2005 Fantom Brian Frank Andy Frank C Scala Ruby Erlang2005 F Don Syme Microsoft Research OCaml C Haskell2005 Haxe Nicolas Cannasse ActionScript OCaml Java2005 Oxygene RemObjects Software Object Pascal C 2005 PWCT Mahmoud Samir Fayed none unique language 2005 Seed7 Thomas Mertes none unique language 2005 fish Thomas Mertes none unique language 2006 Cobra Chuck Esterbrook Python C Eiffel Objective C2006 Windows PowerShell Microsoft C ksh Perl CL DCL SQL2006 OptimJ Ateji Java2006 Fortress Guy L Steele Jr Scala ML Haskell2006 Vala GNOME C 2007 Ada 2005 Ada Rapporteur Group Ada 952007 Agda Ulf Norell Coq Epigram Haskell2007 QB64 Galleon QB64Team QBasic2007 Clojure Rich Hickey Lisp ML Haskell Erlang2007 LOLCODE Adam Lindsay none unique language 2007 Oberon 07 Wirth Oberon2007 Swift parallel scripting language University of Chicago Argonne National Laboratory2008 Nim Andreas Rumpf Python Lisp Object Pascal2008 Genie Jamie McCracken Python Boo D Object Pascal2008 Pure Albert Graf Q2009 Chapel Brad Chamberlain Cray Inc HPF ZPL2009 Go Google C Oberon Limbo Smalltalk2009 CoffeeScript Jeremy Ashkenas JavaScript Ruby Python Haskell2009 Idris Edwin Brady Haskell Agda Coq2009 Parasail S Tucker Taft AdaCore Modula Ada Pascal ML2009 Whiley David J Pearce Java C Python2009 Dafny K Rustan M Leino Java Spec Year Name Chief developer company Predecessor s 2010s editYear Name Chief developer company Predecessor s 2010 Rust Graydon Hoare Mozilla Alef C Camlp4 Erlang Hermes Limbo Napier Napier88 Newsqueak NIL Sather Standard ML2011 C11 C11 ISO IEC 9899 2011 C992011 Ceylon Gavin King Red Hat Java2011 Dart Google Java JavaScript CoffeeScript Go2011 C 11 C ISO IEC 14882 2011 C Standard C C2011 Kotlin JetBrains Java Scala Groovy C Gosu2011 Red Nenad Rakocevic Rebol Scala Lua2011 Opa MLstate OCaml Erlang JavaScript2012 Elixir Jose Valim Erlang Ruby Clojure2012 Elm Evan Czaplicki Haskell Standard ML OCaml F 2012 TypeScript Anders Hejlsberg Microsoft JavaScript CoffeeScript2012 Julia Jeff Bezanson Stefan Karpinski Viral Shah Alan Edelman MIT MATLAB Lisp C Fortran Mathematica 9 strictly its Wolfram Language Python Perl R Ruby Lua 10 2012 P Vivek Gupta Ethan Jackson Shaz Qadeer Sriram Rajamani Microsoft2012 Ada 2012 ARA and Ada Europe ISO IEC 8652 2012 Ada 2005 ISO IEC 8652 1995 Amd 1 20072013 P4 P4 Language Consortium P4 org 2013 PureScript Phil Freeman Haskell2013 Hopscotch Hopscotch Technologies Scratch2013 Cuneiform Jorgen Brandt Swift parallel scripting language 2013 Lean Microsoft Research ML programming language Coq Haskell Agda programming language 2013 Hy Paul Tagliamonte Python programming language Lisp programming language Clojure2014 Jai Jonathan Blow N A2014 Crystal Ary Borenszweig Manas Technology Solutions Ruby C Rust Go C Python2014 Hack Facebook PHP2014 Swift Apple Inc Objective C Rust Haskell Ruby Python C CLU2014 C 14 C ISO IEC 14882 2014 C Standard C C2014 Solidity Gavin Wood Ethereum JavaScript C Python2015 Raku Larry Wall The Rakudo Team Perl Haskell Python Ruby2015 Zig Andrew Kelley C C LLVM IR Go Rust2016 Reason Jordan Walke JavaScript OCaml 11 2016 Ring Mahmoud Samir Fayed Lua Python Ruby C C BASIC QML xBase Supernova 12 2017 C 17 C ISO IEC 14882 2017 C Standard C C2017 Ballerina WSO2 Open Source 13 Java Javascript Go Rust C 2017 Q Microsoft C F Python2018 C17 ISO IEC 9899 2018 C112018 Fortran 2018 ISO IEC JTC1 SC22 WG5 N2150 2018 Fortran 20082019 Bosque Mark Marron Microsoft JavaScript TypeScript ML2019 V Alexander Medvednikov Go CYear Name Chief developer company Predecessor s 2020s editYear Name Chief developer company Predecessor s 2020 C 20 C ISO IEC 14882 2020 C Standard C C2021 Microsoft Power Fx Vijay Mital Robin Abraham Shon Katzenberger Darryl Rubin Microsoft Excel formulas2022 Carbon Google C Rust2023 Mojo Modular PythonYear Name Chief developer company Predecessor s See also editHistory of computing hardware History of programming languages Programming language Timeline of computing Timeline of programming language theoryReferences edit ARC Assembler for Booth hopl info Retrieved 11 October 2022 UNIVAC conference Charles Babbage Institute University of Minnesota 171 page transcript of oral history with computer pioneers including Albert B Tonik involved with the Univac computer held on 17 18 May 1990 Der Freiburger Code auf der Zuse in German Retrieved 26 October 2014 H Zuse Z22 Retrieved 26 October 2014 Smillie Keith Kenneth E Iverson A M Turing Award Winner ACM Tour Standard C isocpp org Stroustrup Bjarne 7 March 2010 Bjarne Stroustrup s FAQ When was C invented stroustrup com Archived from the original on 6 February 2016 Retrieved 15 February 2023 Arduino Reference www arduino cc Why We Created Julia Julia website February 2012 Retrieved 7 February 2013 Introduction The Julia Manual Archived from the original on 8 April 2016 Simple fast amp type safe code that leverages the JavaScript amp OCaml ecosystems facebook reason Facebook 24 March 2019 retrieved 24 March 2019 Ring Team 23 October 2021 The Ring programming language and other languages ring lang net GitHub ballerina platform ballerina lang The Ballerina Programming Language 25 November 2019 via GitHub External links editOnline Historical Encyclopaedia of Programming Languages Diagram amp history of programming languages Eric Levenez s timeline diagram of computer languages history Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Timeline of programming languages amp oldid 1182585711, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,