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Wikipedia

Sony Interactive Entertainment

April 13, 2024

Sony Interactive Entertainment LLC (SIE) is an American multinational video game and digital entertainment company of Sony. Jointly established by two subsidiaries in 2016, it primarily operates the PlayStation brand of video game consoles and products. It is also the world's largest company in the video game industry based on its equity investments.

Sony Interactive Entertainment LLC
Logo used since 2016
SIE's headquarters in San Mateo, California
Company typeSubsidiary
IndustryVideo games
FoundedApril 1, 2016; 8 years ago (2016-04-01)
Founder
  • Sony Computer Entertainment Inc.
  • Sony Network Entertainment International LLC
Headquarters
San Mateo, California
,
United States
Key people
Hiroki Totoki (Chairman, interim President and CEO)
ProductsPlayStation video game consoles
Services
Revenue US$26.9 billion[1]
 (FY2022)
US$1.85 billion
 (FY2022)
Number of employees
12,700[2] (2023)
ParentSony Group Corporation
Divisions
Subsidiaries
ASN
  • 33353
Websitesonyinteractive.com

In 1993, Sony and Sony Music Entertainment Japan jointly established Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. (株式会社ソニー・コンピュータエンタテインメント, SCE) in Tokyo, which released the video game console PlayStation in Japan the following year and subsequently in the United States and Europe the year after. It founded the branches Sony Computer Entertainment America (SCEA) in May 1995 (in Foster City, California) and Sony Computer Entertainment Europe (SCEE) in July 1995 (in Liverpool). In 2010, it underwent a corporate split and established Sony Network Entertainment International (SNEI), which provided gaming-related services through the PlayStation Network and Sony Entertainment Network, including the sale of game titles and content on the PlayStation Store, as well as offering PlayStation Plus. In 2016, both companies jointly established Sony Interactive Entertainment, with its headquarters located in San Mateo, California, U.S.[3]

History

Sony Computer Entertainment founding, PlayStation release, and North American expansion (1993–2005)

 
Sony Computer Entertainment logo (1993–2016)

Sony Computer Entertainment, Inc. (SCEI) was jointly established by Sony and its subsidiary Sony Music Entertainment Japan in 1993 to handle the company's ventures into the video game industry.[4] The original PlayStation console was released on December 3, 1994, in Japan.[5] The company's North American operations, Sony Computer Entertainment of America (SCEA), were originally established in May 1995 as a division of Sony Electronic Publishing.[6] Located in Foster City, California, the North American office was originally headed by Steve Race.

In the months prior to the release of the PlayStation in Western markets, the operations were restructured: All video game marketing from Sony Imagesoft was folded into SCEA in July 1995, with most affected employees transferred from Santa Monica to Foster City.[7] On August 7, 1995, Race unexpectedly resigned and was named CEO of Spectrum HoloByte three days later.[7] He was replaced by Sony Electronics veteran Martin Homlish.[7] This proved to be the beginning of a run of exceptional managerial turnover.[8][9] The PS console was released in the United States on September 9, 1995.[5] As part of a worldwide restructuring at the beginning of 1997, SCEA and Sony Computer Entertainment Europe (SCEE) were both re-established as wholly owned subsidiaries of SCEI.[10][11]

The launch of the second PS console, the PlayStation 2 was released in Japan on March 4, 2000,[12] and the U.S. on October 26, 2000.[13] On July 1, 2002, chairman of SCEI, Shigeo Maruyama, was replaced by Tamotsu Iba as chairman. Jack Tretton and Phil Harrison were also promoted to senior vice presidents of SCE.[14] The PlayStation Portable (PSP) was SCEI's first foray into the small handheld console market. Its development was first announced during SCE's E3 conference in 2003, and it was officially unveiled during their E3 conference on May 11, 2004. The system was released in Japan on December 12, 2004, in North America on March 24, 2005, and in Europe and Australia on September 1, 2005.

Creation of SCE Worldwide Studios, acquisitions, and restructure (2005–2011)

On September 1, 2005, SCEI formed SCE Worldwide Studios,[15] a single internal entity to oversee all wholly-owned development studios within SCEI. It became responsible for the creative and strategic direction of development and production of all computer entertainment software by all SCEI-owned studios—all software is produced exclusively for the PS family of consoles. Shuhei Yoshida was named as president of Worldwide Studios on May 16, 2008,[16] replacing Kazuo Hirai, who was serving interim after Harrison left the company in early 2008.[17]

On December 8, 2005, video game developer Guerrilla Games, developers of the Killzone series, was acquired by Sony Computer Entertainment as part of Worldwide Studios.[18] On January 24, 2006, video game developer Zipper Interactive, developers of the Socom series, was acquired by Sony Computer Entertainment as part of Worldwide Studios.[19]

In March 2006, Sony announced the online network for its forthcoming PlayStation 3 (PS3) system at the 2006 PlayStation Business Briefing meeting in Tokyo, Japan,[20] tentatively named "PlayStation Network Platform" and eventually called just PlayStation Network (PSN). Sony also stated that the service would always be connected,[21] free,[22] and include multiplayer support.[23]

The launch date for the PS3 was announced by Hirai at the pre-E3 conference held at the Sony Pictures Studios in Culver City, California, on May 8, 2006. The PS3 was released in Japan on November 11, 2006, and the U.S. date was November 17, 2006.[24] The PSN was also launched in November 2006.[25]

On November 30, 2006, president of SCEI, Ken Kutaragi, was appointed as chairman of SCEI, while Hirai, then president of SCEA, was promoted to president of SCEI.[26] On April 26, 2007, Ken Kutaragi resigned from his position as chairman of SCEI and group CEO, passing on his duties to the recently appointed president of SCE, Hirai.[27]

On September 20, 2007, video game developers Evolution Studios and Bigbig Studios, creators of the MotorStorm series, were acquired by Sony Computer Entertainment as part of Worldwide Studios.[28]

On April 15, 2009, David Reeves, president and CEO of SCE Europe, announced his forthcoming resignation from his post. He had joined the company in 1995 and was appointed as chairman of SCEE in 2003, and then president in 2005.[29] His role of president and CEO of SCEE would be taken over by Andrew House, who joined Sony Corporation in 1990.[30] The PSP Go was released on October 1, 2009, for North America and Europe, and on November 1, 2009, for Japan.

On April 1, 2010, SCEI was restructured to bring together Sony's mobile electronics and personal computers divisions. The main Japanese division of SCEI was temporarily renamed "SNE Platform Inc." (SNEP) on April 1, 2010, and was split into two divisions that focused on different aspects: "Sony Computer Entertainment, Inc.", consisting of 1,300 employees who focused on the console business, and the network service business consisting of 60 to 70 employees. The network service business of SCEI was absorbed into Sony Corp's Network Products & Service Group (NPSG), which had already been headed by Hirai since April 2009. The original SCEI was then dissolved after the restructuring.[31][32][33]

The North American and European branches of SCEI were affected by the restructuring, and remained as SCEA and SCEE. Hirai, by that time SCEI CEO and Sony Corporation EVP, led both departments.[34]

On March 2, 2010, video game developer Media Molecule, developers of the PlayStation 3 (PS3) game LittleBigPlanet, was acquired by SCEI as part of Worldwide Studios.[35] On August 23, 2010, the headquarters of the company moved from Minami-Aoyama to the Sony City [ja] (Sony Corporation's headquarters) in Kōnan, Minato, Tokyo.[36] On April 20, 2011, SCEI was the victim of an attack on its PlayStation Network system, which also affected its online division, Sony Online Entertainment. On August 1, 2011, video game developer Sucker Punch Productions, developers of the Sly Cooper and Infamous series, was also acquired.[37]

Launch of PlayStation Vita and PlayStation 4, expansion into China (2011–2016)

In January 2012, BigBig Studios was closed and Cambridge Studio—renamed Guerrilla Cambridge—becoming a sister studio of Guerrilla Games.[38][39] In March 2012, Zipper Interactive, developers of the SOCOM series, MAG and Unit 13, was closed.[40] On June 25, 2012, Hirai retired as chairman of Sony Computer Entertainment; however, he remains on the board of directors.[41]

On July 2, 2012, Sony Computer Entertainment acquired Gaikai, a cloud-based gaming service.[42] In August 2012, Studio Liverpool, developer of the Wipeout and Formula One series, was closed.[43] In August 2012, Sony Computer Entertainment announced PlayStation Mobile for Vita and PlayStation certified devices, with a developers such has THQ, Team17 and Action Button Entertainment signed up.[44]

A press release was published on August 20, 2013, announcing the release date of the PlayStation 4 (PS4) console. On that date, SCEI introduced the CUH-1000A series system, and announced the launch date as November 15, 2013, for North American markets and November 29, 2013, for European, Australasian and Central and South American markets.[45]

Following a January 2014 announcement by the Chinese government that the country's 14-year game console ban would be lifted, the PS4 was scheduled to be the first Sony video game console to be officially and legally released in China since the PlayStation 2.[46][47]

On March 6, 2014, Sony Computer Entertainment of America President and CEO, Tretton, announced he was resigning from his position at the end of the month, citing a mutual agreement between himself and SCEA for the cessation of his contract. Tretton had worked at SCEA since 1995 and was a founding member of the company's executive team. He was involved in the launch of all PlayStation platforms in North America, including the original PlayStation, PS2, PSP, PS3, PSN, PS Vita, and PS4. Tretton was replaced by Shawn Layden, who was the vice-president and chief operating officer (COO) of Sony Network Entertainment International, effective April 1, 2014.[48] On April 2, 2015, it was announced that Sony Computer Entertainment had acquired the intellectual property of the cloud gaming service OnLive, and that its services would cease by the end of the month.[49]

The beta version of Sony's first-ever cloud-based television service, PlayStation Vue (PSVue), was launched in the U.S. in November 2014. It was only offered on an invite-only basis for PS3 and PS4 users, prior to its official launch in early 2015. Sony signed deals with major networks, including CBS, Discovery, Fox, and Viacom, so that users can view live streaming video, as well as catch up and on-demand content, from more than 75 channels, such as Comedy Central and Nickelodeon. Although pricing and release dates for other regions was not publicized, Sony confirmed that PSVue will eventually be available on iPad, followed by other Sony and non-Sony devices.[50]

Restructuring as Sony Interactive Entertainment (2016–present)

On January 26, 2016, Sony announced the reorganization and integration of Sony Computer Entertainment and Sony Entertainment Network International, establishing a new company called Sony Interactive Entertainment LLC (SIE) on April 1, 2016, under the umbrella of Sony Corporation of America. Unlike the former SCE, SIE is headquartered in San Mateo, California, and oversees the entire PlayStation brand, regional subsidiaries, and content business.[51] SIE's Japanese branch, Sony Interactive Entertainment Inc, was established as a direct subsidiary of Sony Corporation.[52] On March 24, 2016, Sony announced the establishment of ForwardWorks, a new studio dedicated to producing "full-fledged" games based on Sony intellectual properties for mobile platforms such as smartphones; it would later develop Disgaea RPG and is currently supporting Everybody's Golf on Android and iOS.[53][54][55]

ForwardWorks was later moved to another division within Sony becoming a subsidiary to Sony Music and therefore no longer a unit within Sony Interactive Entertainment

It was reported in December 2016 by multiple news outlets that Sony was considering restructuring its U.S. operations by merging its TV and film business with SIE. According to the reports, such a restructuring would have placed Sony Pictures under Sony Interactive's CEO, Andrew House, though House would not have taken over day-to-day operations of the film studio.[56][57][58] According to one report, Sony was set to make a final decision on the possibility of the merger of the TV, film, and gaming businesses by the end of its fiscal year in March of the following year (2017).[56] However, judging by Sony's activity in 2017, the rumored merger never materialized.

On January 8, 2019, Sony announced that the company had entered into a definitive agreement for Sony Interactive Entertainment to acquire Audiokinetic.[59]

On March 20, 2019, Sony Interactive Entertainment launched the educational video game platform toio in Japan.[60]

On May 20, 2019, Sony Interactive Entertainment announced that the company had launched PlayStation Productions, a production studio that adapts the company's extensive catalogue of video game titles for film and television. The new venture is headed by Asad Qizilbash and overseen by Shawn Layden, chairman of Worldwide Studios.[61]

On August 19, 2019, Sony Interactive Entertainment announced that the company had entered into definitive agreements to acquire Insomniac Games.[62] The acquisition was completed on November 15, 2019, where Sony paid ¥24,895 million (US$229 million) in cash.[63][64]

On November 8, 2019, Gobind Singh Deo, Malaysia's Minister of Communications and Multimedia, announced that Sony Interactive Entertainment would open a new development office in the country as in 2020 to provide art and animation as part of Worldwide Studios' efforts to make exclusive games for PlayStation consoles. The studio will be Sony Interactive Entertainment's first studio in Southeast Asia.[65]

 
The PlayStation Studios logo

SIE announced the formation of PlayStation Studios in May 2020 to be formally introduced alongside the PlayStation 5 later in 2020. PlayStation Studios will serve as an umbrella organization for its first-party game development studios, including Naughty Dog, Insomniac, Santa Monica Studio, Media Molecule and Guerrilla Games, as well as used for branding on games developed by studios brought in by Sony in work-for-hire situations. Sony plans to use the "PlayStation Studios" branding on both PlayStation 5 and new PlayStation 4 games to help with consumer recognition, though the branding was not ready for some of Sony's mid-2020 releases like The Last of Us Part II.[66]

SIE's parent Sony bought a minority stake in Epic Games for $250 million in July 2020, giving the company about a 1.4% stake in Epic. The investment came after Sony helped with Epic's development of new technologies in its Unreal Engine 5, which it was positioning for use in powering games on the upcoming PlayStation 5 to take advantage of its high speed internal storage solutions for in-game streaming.[67]

In March 2021, SIE announced that it and RTS acquired the assets and properties of the Evolution Championship Series as a joint venture.[68]

On April 13, 2021, Epic Games announced that it received an additional $200 million strategic investment from SIE's parent Sony Group Corporation.[69]

On May 3, 2021, Sony Interactive Entertainment announced the acquisition of a minority stake in Discord, which would be integrated into the PlayStation Network by early 2022.[70]

On June 29, 2021, Sony Interactive Entertainment announced the acquisition of Housemarque.[71]

On July 1, 2021, Sony Interactive Entertainment announced the acquisition of Nixxes Software.[72] Jim Ryan said later that month that they plan to work with Nixxes to release more of their PlayStation games to personal computers.[73]

On September 8, 2021, Sony Interactive Entertainment announced the acquisition of Firesprite, a Liverpool-based developer with over 250 employees. The studio has multiple projects in development, with the projects focusing on genres outside the core offerings of PlayStation Studios.[74] On September 29, 2021, Firesprite announced that it had acquired Fabrik Games, bringing the studio's headcount to 265.[75]

On September 30, 2021, Sony Interactive Entertainment announced that Bluepoint Games had joined PlayStation Studios, with Bluepoint working on original content instead of remaking an older game.[76][77]

On November 4, 2021, Sony Interactive Entertainment acquired a 5% stake in the video game publisher Devolver Digital.[78]

On December 10, 2021, Sony Interactive Entertainment announced the acquisition of the Seattle-based studio Valkyrie Entertainment.[79]

Sony Interactive Entertainment announced its intent to purchase Bungie for $3.6 billion in January 2022.[80] This deal closed on July 15, 2022. Under terms of this deal, Bungie remained an independent development studio and publisher, allowing Bungie to pursue development outside Sony's platforms, and was intended to help bolster live service games for SIE.[81]

Sony Interactive Entertainment acquired Jade Raymond's Haven Studios in March 2022 and incorporating it as part of PlayStation Studios, making the studio Sony's first development team in Canada.[82]

On July 18, 2022, Sony Interactive Entertainment and Repeat.gg announced that Sony Interactive Entertainment had acquired Repeat.gg.[83]

On August 29, 2022, Sony Interactive Entertainment announced that it had acquired Savage Game Studios, a mobile game development studio with offices in Helsinki and Berlin. Savage Game Studios joined the newly created PlayStation Studios Mobile Division, an independent operation from console development.[84]

On August 31, 2022, it was announced that Sony Interactive Entertainment has acquired a 14.09% stake in FromSoftware.[85]

On April 20, 2023, Sony Interactive Entertainment announced that it had acquired Firewalk Studios from ProbablyMonster.[86]

On August 24, 2023, Sony Interactive Entertainment announced it had acquired audio company Audeze, who makes gaming headphones.[87]

On November 2, 2023, Sony Interactive Entertainment announced that it would acquire UK-based iSize, a company which specializes in building AI-powered solutions to improve video delivery.[88]

In the UK in November 2023, SIE was unable to dismiss a lawsuit from consumer advocates challenging the requirement that all digital content for the PlayStation systems be sold through the PlayStation Store along with the 30% fee that SIE takes for each sale. The suit has potential for damages up to £6.3 billion (US$7.9 billion).[89]

On November 27, 2023, SIE signed Shift Up studio to become their first Korean second-party developers.[90]

On November 28, 2023, SIE and Korean publisher NCSoft signed a strategic global partnership.[91]

On February 27, 2024, SIE announced it would lay off 900 employees, approximately 8% of its workforce, as part of a restructuring operation. Additionally, President and CEO Jim Ryan announced the London Studio will close in response to the changes in the industry.[92]

Following his announcement in September 2023, Jim Ryan left Sony at the end of March 2024, with Hiroki Totoki, the president, COO, and CFO of Sony Group, taken over as chairman of SIE from October 2023 and then acting as interim CEO of SIE from April 1, 2024, while a successor is evaluated.[93][94]

Corporate affairs

 
Former Sony Computer Entertainment headquarters in Akasaka, Minato, Tokyo
 
Former Sony Computer Entertainment America headquarters in Foster City, California, United States

Hiroki Totoki serves as chairman of SIE, with Jim Ryan as president and CEO, having replaced John (Tsuyoshi) Kodera in April 2019. Kodera would end up leaving SIE in 2021.[95] The first and longest-serving CEO of SIE is Ken Kutaragi, who served from 1993 to 2007. He is also known as the "Father of the PlayStation", and was honorary chairman of SIE for another four years after he resigned as CEO. Kutaragi has remained at Sony as a senior technology advisor. As of November 7, 2019, Hermen Hulst is the Head of Worldwide Studios.[96]

Headquarters

SIE currently has eight main headquarters around the world. They are as follows:

SIE also has smaller offices and distribution centers in Los Angeles, California, San Diego, California; Toronto, Ontario; Melbourne, Australia; Seoul, South Korea, Singapore; Shanghai, China and Liverpool, England.

Game approval

SIE evaluates and approves games for its consoles. The process is more strict than for the Nintendo Seal of Quality, and developers submit game concepts to Sony early in the design process. Each SIE unit has its own evaluation process; SIEE, for example, approved Billy the Wizard for its consumers but SIEA did not. The company sometimes imposes additional restrictions, such as when it prohibited PS and PS2 games from being ported to the PSP without 30% of content being new to the Sony console.[97]

Hardware

Main article: PlayStation
 
PlayStation brand logo

PlayStation

Main article: PlayStation (console)

SCEI produces the PlayStation line of video game hardware that consists of consoles and handhelds. Sony's first wide home console release, the PlayStation (codenamed "PSX" during development), was initially designed to be a CD-ROM drive add-on for Nintendo's Super NES (a.k.a. "Super Famicom" in Japan) video game console, in response to add-ons for competing platforms such as the TurboGrafx-CD and the Sega CD (sold as the PC Engine CD-ROM² System and Mega CD in Japan respectively). When the prospect of releasing the system as an add-on dissolved, Sony redesigned the machine into a standalone unit.

The PlayStation was released in Japan on December 3, 1994, and later in North America on September 9, 1995.[5] By the end of the console 12-year production cycle, the PlayStation had sold 102 million units.[98]

PlayStation 2

Main article: PlayStation 2

SCEI's second home console, the PlayStation 2 (PS2) was released in Japan on March 4, 2000, and later in North America and Europe in October and November 2000, respectively. The PS2 is powered by a proprietary central processing unit, the Emotion Engine, and was the first video game console to have DVD playback functionality and also backwards compatibility with the original PlayStation games included out of the box.

The PS2 consisted of a DVD drive and retailed in the U.S. for US$299.[99] SCEI received heavy criticism after the launch of the PS2 due to the games released as part of the launch, difficulties that it presented for video game designers, and users who struggled to port Sega Dreamcast games to the system.[12] However, despite these complaints, the PlayStation 2 received widespread support from third party developers throughout its lifespan on the market.

On December 28, 2012, Sony confirmed that it would cease production of the PS2 through a gradual process that started in Japan—the continuing popularity of the console in markets like Brazil and India meant that PS2 products would still be shipped, while games for the console were released in March 2013. The PS2 stands as the best-selling home video game console in history, with a total of 155 million consoles sold.[12][98]

Writing for the ExtremeTech website at the end of 2012, James Plafke described the PS2 as revolutionary and proclaimed that the console "turn[ed] the gaming industry on its head":

Aside from being the "first" next-gen console, as well as providing many, many people with their first DVD player, the PlayStation 2 launched in something of a Golden Age of the non-PC gaming industry. Gaming tech was becoming extremely sophisticated ... Sony seemingly knew the exact route toward popularity, turning the console with the least powerful hardware of that generation into a juggernaut of success.[99]

PlayStation Portable

Main article: PlayStation Portable

The PlayStation Portable (PSP) was SCEI's first foray into the small handheld console market. Its development was first announced during SCE's E3 conference in 2003, and it was officially unveiled during their E3 conference on May 11, 2004. The system was released in Japan on December 12, 2004, in North America on March 24, 2005, and in Europe and Australia on September 1, 2005. The console has since seen two major redesigns, with new features including smaller size, more internal memory, a better quality LCD screen and lighter weight.

PlayStation 3

Main article: PlayStation 3

The launch date for the PS3 was announced by Hirai at the pre-E3 conference held at Sony Pictures Studios in Los Angeles, California, on May 8, 2006. The PS3 was released in Japan on November 11, 2006, and the U.S. date was November 17, 2006. Technology journalists observed that Sony had followed what Microsoft did with the Xbox 360, and produced the PS3 in two versions: one with a 20GB hard drive and the other with a 60GB hard drive.[24]

The PS3 utilizes a unique processing architecture, the Cell microprocessor, a proprietary technology developed by Sony in conjunction with Toshiba and IBM. The graphics processing unit, the RSX 'Reality Synthesizer', was co-developed by Nvidia and Sony. Several variations of the PS3 have been released, each with slight hardware and software differences, and each denoted by the varying size of the included hard disk drive.

PlayStation Vita

Main article: PlayStation Vita

The PS Vita is the successor to the PlayStation Portable. It was released in Japan and other parts of Asia on December 17, 2011,[100] and then in Europe, Australia and North America on February 22, 2012.[101][102]

Internally, the Vita features a 4-core ARM Cortex-A9 MPCore processor and a 4-core SGX543MP4+ graphics processing unit, as well as LiveArea software as its main user interface, which succeeds the XrossMediaBar.[103][104]

On March 1, 2019, Sony has ended production of the system and physical cartridge games.[105]

PlayStation 4

Main article: PlayStation 4

The PS4 was announced as the successor to the PS3[106] and was launched in North America on November 15, 2013,[107] in Europe on November 29, 2013[108] and in Japan on February 23, 2014.[109]

Described by Sony as a "next generation" console, the PS4 included features such as enhanced social capabilities, second-screen options involving devices like the handheld PlayStation Vita, a membership service and compatibility with the Twitch live streaming platform.[45]

Following a January 2014 announcement by the Chinese government that the country's 14-year game console ban would be lifted, the PS4 was scheduled to be the first Sony video game console to be officially and legally released in China since the PlayStation 2—the ban was enacted in 2000 to protect the mental health of young people.[46][47] Around 70 game developers, including Ubisoft and Koei, will service Chinese PlayStation users.[110]

The Chinese release dates and price details were announced in early December, with January 11, 2015, confirmed by SCEI. The makers announced that both the PS4 and Vita consoles will be released in China, and the former's package will also consist of a 500GB and 1TB hard drive and controller.[111]

The 20th anniversary of the original PS console was celebrated on December 6, 2014, with the release of a limited-edition, anniversary-edition PlayStation 4 with an aesthetic design that recalled the original 1994 PlayStation.[5]

PlayStation 5

Main article: PlayStation 5

The PS5 was announced to succeed the PS4 in 2019, and released in Australia, Japan, New Zealand, North America, and South Korea on November 12, 2020, with a further worldwide release on November 19, 2020.[112]

Software

Development studios

Main article: PlayStation Studios

SIE maintains several in-house studios since 2005, with the most recent move to brand these as PlayStation Studios starting in 2020. All of these studios develop PlayStation console-exclusive games for Sony.

In addition to those listed below, Bungie operates as an independent studio and publisher under SIE since July 2022.[81]

First-party (PlayStation Studios)
Asia
North America
Europe
Game development support
Closed
First-party studios

Other platforms

See also: List of Sony Interactive Entertainment video games § Windows, and List of Sony Interactive Entertainment video games § iOS/Android

SIE began releasing some of its first-party studios' exclusive titles for Windows in 2020, starting with Horizon: Zero Dawn in August 2020, and with Days Gone in May 2021. Layden said in a 2021 interview that he was part of the team that came up with this concept, where they recognized "we need to go out to where these new customers are, where these new fans could be. We need to go to where they are... Because they've decided not to come to my house, so I've got to go their house now. And what's the best way to go to their house? Why not take one of our top-selling games?"[122] Ryan said in an interview that with some of the latter PlayStation 4 titles that "There's an opportunity to expose those great games to a wider audience" and that Horizon: Zero Dawn's release on Windows shows there was a strong interest in further releases.[123] An investor report in 2021 stated that a primary factor in SIE's recent desire to expand into PC gaming under Ryan stems from the motivation to expand the PlayStation brand into China, Russia and India—markets where console-oriented gaming is far less prevalent than in the West and Japan.[124][125] In June 2021 after acquiring the studio Nixxes which had become their go-to developer for these ports, Sony confirmed that they are dedicated to PC gaming and value PC gamers, although the PlayStation consoles will still be the "first" and "best" places to play their games.[126] Subsequent Windows releases included 2018's God of War in January 2022,[127] Marvel's Spider-Man Remastered in August 2022, the Uncharted: Legacy of Thieves collection and Sackboy: A Big Adventure in October 2022, Marvel's Spider-Man: Miles Morales in November 2022, Returnal in February 2023, The Last of Us Part I in March 2023, and Ratchet & Clank: Rift Apart in July 2023.[128][129][130][131][132]

Video Games Chronicle observed that Sony had established a PlayStation PC label around April 2021 to handle the publication of its games on Windows.[133] SIE stated in a May 2022 investor report that sales of PC ports of their games had grown from $30 million in their 2020 fiscal year, to $80 million in 2021, and estimated to be $300 million for 2022. Because of this, SIE plans to continue to support PC releases of their PlayStation exclusive games and anticipate that by 2025, a third of their games revenue will come from PC sales.[134]

SIE also began seeking the mobile games market, forming a division named ForwardWorks to develop mobile games for Japan in 2016. To expand this ambition to the West, they hired a former content manager for Apple Arcade in 2020, as a means to bring their IPs to this platform.[134] SIE acquired Savage Game Studios as their first dedicated mobile developer within PlayStation Studios in August 2022 for an undisclosed sum.[135] It expects that by 2025, mobile games will make up 20% of their games revenue.[134]

See also

Notes

References

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April 13, 2024
sony, interactive, entertainment, american, multinational, video, game, digital, entertainment, company, sony, jointly, established, subsidiaries, 2016, primarily, operates, playstation, brand, video, game, consoles, products, also, world, largest, company, vi. Sony Interactive Entertainment LLC SIE is an American multinational video game and digital entertainment company of Sony Jointly established by two subsidiaries in 2016 it primarily operates the PlayStation brand of video game consoles and products It is also the world s largest company in the video game industry based on its equity investments Sony Interactive Entertainment LLCLogo used since 2016SIE s headquarters in San Mateo CaliforniaCompany typeSubsidiaryIndustryVideo gamesFoundedApril 1 2016 8 years ago 2016 04 01 FounderSony Computer Entertainment Inc Sony Network Entertainment International LLCHeadquartersSan Mateo California United StatesKey peopleHiroki Totoki Chairman interim President and CEO ProductsPlayStation video game consolesServicesPlayStation Network PlayStation Store PlayStation Plus PlayStation StarsRevenueUS 26 9 billion 1 FY2022 Operating incomeUS 1 85 billion FY2022 Number of employees12 700 2 2023 ParentSony Group CorporationDivisionsPlayStation StudiosPlayStation MobilePlayStation PCSubsidiariesAudeze Audiokinetic Bungie Evolution Championship Series Gaikai iSize PlayStation Productions Repeat gg SN SystemsASN33353Websitesonyinteractive comIn 1993 Sony and Sony Music Entertainment Japan jointly established Sony Computer Entertainment Inc 株式会社ソニー コンピュータエンタテインメント SCE in Tokyo which released the video game console PlayStation in Japan the following year and subsequently in the United States and Europe the year after It founded the branches Sony Computer Entertainment America SCEA in May 1995 in Foster City California and Sony Computer Entertainment Europe SCEE in July 1995 in Liverpool In 2010 it underwent a corporate split and established Sony Network Entertainment International SNEI which provided gaming related services through the PlayStation Network and Sony Entertainment Network including the sale of game titles and content on the PlayStation Store as well as offering PlayStation Plus In 2016 both companies jointly established Sony Interactive Entertainment with its headquarters located in San Mateo California U S 3 Contents 1 History 1 1 Sony Computer Entertainment founding PlayStation release and North American expansion 1993 2005 1 2 Creation of SCE Worldwide Studios acquisitions and restructure 2005 2011 1 3 Launch of PlayStation Vita and PlayStation 4 expansion into China 2011 2016 1 4 Restructuring as Sony Interactive Entertainment 2016 present 2 Corporate affairs 2 1 Headquarters 2 2 Game approval 3 Hardware 3 1 PlayStation 3 2 PlayStation 2 3 3 PlayStation Portable 3 4 PlayStation 3 3 5 PlayStation Vita 3 6 PlayStation 4 3 7 PlayStation 5 4 Software 4 1 Development studios 4 2 Other platforms 5 See also 6 Notes 7 References 8 External linksHistorySony Computer Entertainment founding PlayStation release and North American expansion 1993 2005 nbsp Sony Computer Entertainment logo 1993 2016 Sony Computer Entertainment Inc SCEI was jointly established by Sony and its subsidiary Sony Music Entertainment Japan in 1993 to handle the company s ventures into the video game industry 4 The original PlayStation console was released on December 3 1994 in Japan 5 The company s North American operations Sony Computer Entertainment of America SCEA were originally established in May 1995 as a division of Sony Electronic Publishing 6 Located in Foster City California the North American office was originally headed by Steve Race In the months prior to the release of the PlayStation in Western markets the operations were restructured All video game marketing from Sony Imagesoft was folded into SCEA in July 1995 with most affected employees transferred from Santa Monica to Foster City 7 On August 7 1995 Race unexpectedly resigned and was named CEO of Spectrum HoloByte three days later 7 He was replaced by Sony Electronics veteran Martin Homlish 7 This proved to be the beginning of a run of exceptional managerial turnover 8 9 The PS console was released in the United States on September 9 1995 5 As part of a worldwide restructuring at the beginning of 1997 SCEA and Sony Computer Entertainment Europe SCEE were both re established as wholly owned subsidiaries of SCEI 10 11 The launch of the second PS console the PlayStation 2 was released in Japan on March 4 2000 12 and the U S on October 26 2000 13 On July 1 2002 chairman of SCEI Shigeo Maruyama was replaced by Tamotsu Iba as chairman Jack Tretton and Phil Harrison were also promoted to senior vice presidents of SCE 14 The PlayStation Portable PSP was SCEI s first foray into the small handheld console market Its development was first announced during SCE s E3 conference in 2003 and it was officially unveiled during their E3 conference on May 11 2004 The system was released in Japan on December 12 2004 in North America on March 24 2005 and in Europe and Australia on September 1 2005 Creation of SCE Worldwide Studios acquisitions and restructure 2005 2011 On September 1 2005 SCEI formed SCE Worldwide Studios 15 a single internal entity to oversee all wholly owned development studios within SCEI It became responsible for the creative and strategic direction of development and production of all computer entertainment software by all SCEI owned studios all software is produced exclusively for the PS family of consoles Shuhei Yoshida was named as president of Worldwide Studios on May 16 2008 16 replacing Kazuo Hirai who was serving interim after Harrison left the company in early 2008 17 On December 8 2005 video game developer Guerrilla Games developers of the Killzone series was acquired by Sony Computer Entertainment as part of Worldwide Studios 18 On January 24 2006 video game developer Zipper Interactive developers of the Socom series was acquired by Sony Computer Entertainment as part of Worldwide Studios 19 In March 2006 Sony announced the online network for its forthcoming PlayStation 3 PS3 system at the 2006 PlayStation Business Briefing meeting in Tokyo Japan 20 tentatively named PlayStation Network Platform and eventually called just PlayStation Network PSN Sony also stated that the service would always be connected 21 free 22 and include multiplayer support 23 The launch date for the PS3 was announced by Hirai at the pre E3 conference held at the Sony Pictures Studios in Culver City California on May 8 2006 The PS3 was released in Japan on November 11 2006 and the U S date was November 17 2006 24 The PSN was also launched in November 2006 25 On November 30 2006 president of SCEI Ken Kutaragi was appointed as chairman of SCEI while Hirai then president of SCEA was promoted to president of SCEI 26 On April 26 2007 Ken Kutaragi resigned from his position as chairman of SCEI and group CEO passing on his duties to the recently appointed president of SCE Hirai 27 On September 20 2007 video game developers Evolution Studios and Bigbig Studios creators of the MotorStorm series were acquired by Sony Computer Entertainment as part of Worldwide Studios 28 On April 15 2009 David Reeves president and CEO of SCE Europe announced his forthcoming resignation from his post He had joined the company in 1995 and was appointed as chairman of SCEE in 2003 and then president in 2005 29 His role of president and CEO of SCEE would be taken over by Andrew House who joined Sony Corporation in 1990 30 The PSP Go was released on October 1 2009 for North America and Europe and on November 1 2009 for Japan On April 1 2010 SCEI was restructured to bring together Sony s mobile electronics and personal computers divisions The main Japanese division of SCEI was temporarily renamed SNE Platform Inc SNEP on April 1 2010 and was split into two divisions that focused on different aspects Sony Computer Entertainment Inc consisting of 1 300 employees who focused on the console business and the network service business consisting of 60 to 70 employees The network service business of SCEI was absorbed into Sony Corp s Network Products amp Service Group NPSG which had already been headed by Hirai since April 2009 The original SCEI was then dissolved after the restructuring 31 32 33 The North American and European branches of SCEI were affected by the restructuring and remained as SCEA and SCEE Hirai by that time SCEI CEO and Sony Corporation EVP led both departments 34 On March 2 2010 video game developer Media Molecule developers of the PlayStation 3 PS3 game LittleBigPlanet was acquired by SCEI as part of Worldwide Studios 35 On August 23 2010 the headquarters of the company moved from Minami Aoyama to the Sony City ja Sony Corporation s headquarters in Kōnan Minato Tokyo 36 On April 20 2011 SCEI was the victim of an attack on its PlayStation Network system which also affected its online division Sony Online Entertainment On August 1 2011 video game developer Sucker Punch Productions developers of the Sly Cooper and Infamous series was also acquired 37 Launch of PlayStation Vita and PlayStation 4 expansion into China 2011 2016 In January 2012 BigBig Studios was closed and Cambridge Studio renamed Guerrilla Cambridge becoming a sister studio of Guerrilla Games 38 39 In March 2012 Zipper Interactive developers of the SOCOM series MAG and Unit 13 was closed 40 On June 25 2012 Hirai retired as chairman of Sony Computer Entertainment however he remains on the board of directors 41 On July 2 2012 Sony Computer Entertainment acquired Gaikai a cloud based gaming service 42 In August 2012 Studio Liverpool developer of the Wipeout and Formula One series was closed 43 In August 2012 Sony Computer Entertainment announced PlayStation Mobile for Vita and PlayStation certified devices with a developers such has THQ Team17 and Action Button Entertainment signed up 44 A press release was published on August 20 2013 announcing the release date of the PlayStation 4 PS4 console On that date SCEI introduced the CUH 1000A series system and announced the launch date as November 15 2013 for North American markets and November 29 2013 for European Australasian and Central and South American markets 45 Following a January 2014 announcement by the Chinese government that the country s 14 year game console ban would be lifted the PS4 was scheduled to be the first Sony video game console to be officially and legally released in China since the PlayStation 2 46 47 On March 6 2014 Sony Computer Entertainment of America President and CEO Tretton announced he was resigning from his position at the end of the month citing a mutual agreement between himself and SCEA for the cessation of his contract Tretton had worked at SCEA since 1995 and was a founding member of the company s executive team He was involved in the launch of all PlayStation platforms in North America including the original PlayStation PS2 PSP PS3 PSN PS Vita and PS4 Tretton was replaced by Shawn Layden who was the vice president and chief operating officer COO of Sony Network Entertainment International effective April 1 2014 48 On April 2 2015 it was announced that Sony Computer Entertainment had acquired the intellectual property of the cloud gaming service OnLive and that its services would cease by the end of the month 49 The beta version of Sony s first ever cloud based television service PlayStation Vue PSVue was launched in the U S in November 2014 It was only offered on an invite only basis for PS3 and PS4 users prior to its official launch in early 2015 Sony signed deals with major networks including CBS Discovery Fox and Viacom so that users can view live streaming video as well as catch up and on demand content from more than 75 channels such as Comedy Central and Nickelodeon Although pricing and release dates for other regions was not publicized Sony confirmed that PSVue will eventually be available on iPad followed by other Sony and non Sony devices 50 Restructuring as Sony Interactive Entertainment 2016 present On January 26 2016 Sony announced the reorganization and integration of Sony Computer Entertainment and Sony Entertainment Network International establishing a new company called Sony Interactive Entertainment LLC SIE on April 1 2016 under the umbrella of Sony Corporation of America Unlike the former SCE SIE is headquartered in San Mateo California and oversees the entire PlayStation brand regional subsidiaries and content business 51 SIE s Japanese branch Sony Interactive Entertainment Inc was established as a direct subsidiary of Sony Corporation 52 On March 24 2016 Sony announced the establishment of ForwardWorks a new studio dedicated to producing full fledged games based on Sony intellectual properties for mobile platforms such as smartphones it would later develop Disgaea RPG and is currently supporting Everybody s Golf on Android and iOS 53 54 55 ForwardWorks was later moved to another division within Sony becoming a subsidiary to Sony Music and therefore no longer a unit within Sony Interactive EntertainmentIt was reported in December 2016 by multiple news outlets that Sony was considering restructuring its U S operations by merging its TV and film business with SIE According to the reports such a restructuring would have placed Sony Pictures under Sony Interactive s CEO Andrew House though House would not have taken over day to day operations of the film studio 56 57 58 According to one report Sony was set to make a final decision on the possibility of the merger of the TV film and gaming businesses by the end of its fiscal year in March of the following year 2017 56 However judging by Sony s activity in 2017 the rumored merger never materialized On January 8 2019 Sony announced that the company had entered into a definitive agreement for Sony Interactive Entertainment to acquire Audiokinetic 59 On March 20 2019 Sony Interactive Entertainment launched the educational video game platform toio in Japan 60 On May 20 2019 Sony Interactive Entertainment announced that the company had launched PlayStation Productions a production studio that adapts the company s extensive catalogue of video game titles for film and television The new venture is headed by Asad Qizilbash and overseen by Shawn Layden chairman of Worldwide Studios 61 On August 19 2019 Sony Interactive Entertainment announced that the company had entered into definitive agreements to acquire Insomniac Games 62 The acquisition was completed on November 15 2019 where Sony paid 24 895 million US 229 million in cash 63 64 On November 8 2019 Gobind Singh Deo Malaysia s Minister of Communications and Multimedia announced that Sony Interactive Entertainment would open a new development office in the country as in 2020 to provide art and animation as part of Worldwide Studios efforts to make exclusive games for PlayStation consoles The studio will be Sony Interactive Entertainment s first studio in Southeast Asia 65 nbsp The PlayStation Studios logoSIE announced the formation of PlayStation Studios in May 2020 to be formally introduced alongside the PlayStation 5 later in 2020 PlayStation Studios will serve as an umbrella organization for its first party game development studios including Naughty Dog Insomniac Santa Monica Studio Media Molecule and Guerrilla Games as well as used for branding on games developed by studios brought in by Sony in work for hire situations Sony plans to use the PlayStation Studios branding on both PlayStation 5 and new PlayStation 4 games to help with consumer recognition though the branding was not ready for some of Sony s mid 2020 releases like The Last of Us Part II 66 SIE s parent Sony bought a minority stake in Epic Games for 250 million in July 2020 giving the company about a 1 4 stake in Epic The investment came after Sony helped with Epic s development of new technologies in its Unreal Engine 5 which it was positioning for use in powering games on the upcoming PlayStation 5 to take advantage of its high speed internal storage solutions for in game streaming 67 In March 2021 SIE announced that it and RTS acquired the assets and properties of the Evolution Championship Series as a joint venture 68 On April 13 2021 Epic Games announced that it received an additional 200 million strategic investment from SIE s parent Sony Group Corporation 69 On May 3 2021 Sony Interactive Entertainment announced the acquisition of a minority stake in Discord which would be integrated into the PlayStation Network by early 2022 70 On June 29 2021 Sony Interactive Entertainment announced the acquisition of Housemarque 71 On July 1 2021 Sony Interactive Entertainment announced the acquisition of Nixxes Software 72 Jim Ryan said later that month that they plan to work with Nixxes to release more of their PlayStation games to personal computers 73 On September 8 2021 Sony Interactive Entertainment announced the acquisition of Firesprite a Liverpool based developer with over 250 employees The studio has multiple projects in development with the projects focusing on genres outside the core offerings of PlayStation Studios 74 On September 29 2021 Firesprite announced that it had acquired Fabrik Games bringing the studio s headcount to 265 75 On September 30 2021 Sony Interactive Entertainment announced that Bluepoint Games had joined PlayStation Studios with Bluepoint working on original content instead of remaking an older game 76 77 On November 4 2021 Sony Interactive Entertainment acquired a 5 stake in the video game publisher Devolver Digital 78 On December 10 2021 Sony Interactive Entertainment announced the acquisition of the Seattle based studio Valkyrie Entertainment 79 Sony Interactive Entertainment announced its intent to purchase Bungie for 3 6 billion in January 2022 80 This deal closed on July 15 2022 Under terms of this deal Bungie remained an independent development studio and publisher allowing Bungie to pursue development outside Sony s platforms and was intended to help bolster live service games for SIE 81 Sony Interactive Entertainment acquired Jade Raymond s Haven Studios in March 2022 and incorporating it as part of PlayStation Studios making the studio Sony s first development team in Canada 82 On July 18 2022 Sony Interactive Entertainment and Repeat gg announced that Sony Interactive Entertainment had acquired Repeat gg 83 On August 29 2022 Sony Interactive Entertainment announced that it had acquired Savage Game Studios a mobile game development studio with offices in Helsinki and Berlin Savage Game Studios joined the newly created PlayStation Studios Mobile Division an independent operation from console development 84 On August 31 2022 it was announced that Sony Interactive Entertainment has acquired a 14 09 stake in FromSoftware 85 On April 20 2023 Sony Interactive Entertainment announced that it had acquired Firewalk Studios from ProbablyMonster 86 On August 24 2023 Sony Interactive Entertainment announced it had acquired audio company Audeze who makes gaming headphones 87 On November 2 2023 Sony Interactive Entertainment announced that it would acquire UK based iSize a company which specializes in building AI powered solutions to improve video delivery 88 In the UK in November 2023 SIE was unable to dismiss a lawsuit from consumer advocates challenging the requirement that all digital content for the PlayStation systems be sold through the PlayStation Store along with the 30 fee that SIE takes for each sale The suit has potential for damages up to 6 3 billion US 7 9 billion 89 On November 27 2023 SIE signed Shift Up studio to become their first Korean second party developers 90 On November 28 2023 SIE and Korean publisher NCSoft signed a strategic global partnership 91 On February 27 2024 SIE announced it would lay off 900 employees approximately 8 of its workforce as part of a restructuring operation Additionally President and CEO Jim Ryan announced the London Studio will close in response to the changes in the industry 92 Following his announcement in September 2023 Jim Ryan left Sony at the end of March 2024 with Hiroki Totoki the president COO and CFO of Sony Group taken over as chairman of SIE from October 2023 and then acting as interim CEO of SIE from April 1 2024 while a successor is evaluated 93 94 Corporate affairs nbsp Former Sony Computer Entertainment headquarters in Akasaka Minato Tokyo nbsp Former Sony Computer Entertainment America headquarters in Foster City California United StatesHiroki Totoki serves as chairman of SIE with Jim Ryan as president and CEO having replaced John Tsuyoshi Kodera in April 2019 Kodera would end up leaving SIE in 2021 95 The first and longest serving CEO of SIE is Ken Kutaragi who served from 1993 to 2007 He is also known as the Father of the PlayStation and was honorary chairman of SIE for another four years after he resigned as CEO Kutaragi has remained at Sony as a senior technology advisor As of November 7 2019 Hermen Hulst is the Head of Worldwide Studios 96 Headquarters SIE currently has eight main headquarters around the world They are as follows Sony Interactive Entertainment LLC San Mateo California the global and regional headquarters for North America and Latin America except Cuba and the Caribbean countries Sony Interactive Entertainment Europe Limited London England controls operations in Europe South Africa Middle East India Turkey Australia and New Zealand except Russia Egypt Belarus and Baltic countries Sony Interactive Entertainment Inc and Sony Interactive Entertainment Japan Asia Minato Tokyo Japan controls operations in Japan and was also formerly the regional headquarters for Sony Computer Entertainment Inc Sony Interactive Entertainment Korea Seoul South Korea controls South Korean operations Sony Interactive Entertainment Singapore Singapore controls Southeast Asia operations Sony Interactive Entertainment Taiwan Taipei Taiwan controls Taiwanese operations Sony Interactive Entertainment Shanghai Shanghai China controls operations in mainland China Sony Interactive Entertainment Hong Kong Hong Kong controls operations around Hong Kong and MacauSIE also has smaller offices and distribution centers in Los Angeles California San Diego California Toronto Ontario Melbourne Australia Seoul South Korea Singapore Shanghai China and Liverpool England Game approval SIE evaluates and approves games for its consoles The process is more strict than for the Nintendo Seal of Quality and developers submit game concepts to Sony early in the design process Each SIE unit has its own evaluation process SIEE for example approved Billy the Wizard for its consumers but SIEA did not The company sometimes imposes additional restrictions such as when it prohibited PS and PS2 games from being ported to the PSP without 30 of content being new to the Sony console 97 HardwareMain article PlayStation nbsp PlayStation brand logoPlayStation Main article PlayStation console SCEI produces the PlayStation line of video game hardware that consists of consoles and handhelds Sony s first wide home console release the PlayStation codenamed PSX during development was initially designed to be a CD ROM drive add on for Nintendo s Super NES a k a Super Famicom in Japan video game console in response to add ons for competing platforms such as the TurboGrafx CD and the Sega CD sold as the PC Engine CD ROM System and Mega CD in Japan respectively When the prospect of releasing the system as an add on dissolved Sony redesigned the machine into a standalone unit The PlayStation was released in Japan on December 3 1994 and later in North America on September 9 1995 5 By the end of the console 12 year production cycle the PlayStation had sold 102 million units 98 PlayStation 2 Main article PlayStation 2SCEI s second home console the PlayStation 2 PS2 was released in Japan on March 4 2000 and later in North America and Europe in October and November 2000 respectively The PS2 is powered by a proprietary central processing unit the Emotion Engine and was the first video game console to have DVD playback functionality and also backwards compatibility with the original PlayStation games included out of the box The PS2 consisted of a DVD drive and retailed in the U S for US 299 99 SCEI received heavy criticism after the launch of the PS2 due to the games released as part of the launch difficulties that it presented for video game designers and users who struggled to port Sega Dreamcast games to the system 12 However despite these complaints the PlayStation 2 received widespread support from third party developers throughout its lifespan on the market On December 28 2012 Sony confirmed that it would cease production of the PS2 through a gradual process that started in Japan the continuing popularity of the console in markets like Brazil and India meant that PS2 products would still be shipped while games for the console were released in March 2013 The PS2 stands as the best selling home video game console in history with a total of 155 million consoles sold 12 98 Writing for the ExtremeTech website at the end of 2012 James Plafke described the PS2 as revolutionary and proclaimed that the console turn ed the gaming industry on its head Aside from being the first next gen console as well as providing many many people with their first DVD player the PlayStation 2 launched in something of a Golden Age of the non PC gaming industry Gaming tech was becoming extremely sophisticated Sony seemingly knew the exact route toward popularity turning the console with the least powerful hardware of that generation into a juggernaut of success 99 PlayStation Portable Main article PlayStation PortableThe PlayStation Portable PSP was SCEI s first foray into the small handheld console market Its development was first announced during SCE s E3 conference in 2003 and it was officially unveiled during their E3 conference on May 11 2004 The system was released in Japan on December 12 2004 in North America on March 24 2005 and in Europe and Australia on September 1 2005 The console has since seen two major redesigns with new features including smaller size more internal memory a better quality LCD screen and lighter weight PlayStation 3 Main article PlayStation 3The launch date for the PS3 was announced by Hirai at the pre E3 conference held at Sony Pictures Studios in Los Angeles California on May 8 2006 The PS3 was released in Japan on November 11 2006 and the U S date was November 17 2006 Technology journalists observed that Sony had followed what Microsoft did with the Xbox 360 and produced the PS3 in two versions one with a 20GB hard drive and the other with a 60GB hard drive 24 The PS3 utilizes a unique processing architecture the Cell microprocessor a proprietary technology developed by Sony in conjunction with Toshiba and IBM The graphics processing unit the RSX Reality Synthesizer was co developed by Nvidia and Sony Several variations of the PS3 have been released each with slight hardware and software differences and each denoted by the varying size of the included hard disk drive PlayStation Vita Main article PlayStation VitaThe PS Vita is the successor to the PlayStation Portable It was released in Japan and other parts of Asia on December 17 2011 100 and then in Europe Australia and North America on February 22 2012 101 102 Internally the Vita features a 4 core ARM Cortex A9 MPCore processor and a 4 core SGX543MP4 graphics processing unit as well as LiveArea software as its main user interface which succeeds the XrossMediaBar 103 104 On March 1 2019 Sony has ended production of the system and physical cartridge games 105 PlayStation 4 Main article PlayStation 4The PS4 was announced as the successor to the PS3 106 and was launched in North America on November 15 2013 107 in Europe on November 29 2013 108 and in Japan on February 23 2014 109 Described by Sony as a next generation console the PS4 included features such as enhanced social capabilities second screen options involving devices like the handheld PlayStation Vita a membership service and compatibility with the Twitch live streaming platform 45 Following a January 2014 announcement by the Chinese government that the country s 14 year game console ban would be lifted the PS4 was scheduled to be the first Sony video game console to be officially and legally released in China since the PlayStation 2 the ban was enacted in 2000 to protect the mental health of young people 46 47 Around 70 game developers including Ubisoft and Koei will service Chinese PlayStation users 110 The Chinese release dates and price details were announced in early December with January 11 2015 confirmed by SCEI The makers announced that both the PS4 and Vita consoles will be released in China and the former s package will also consist of a 500GB and 1TB hard drive and controller 111 The 20th anniversary of the original PS console was celebrated on December 6 2014 with the release of a limited edition anniversary edition PlayStation 4 with an aesthetic design that recalled the original 1994 PlayStation 5 PlayStation 5 Main article PlayStation 5 The PS5 was announced to succeed the PS4 in 2019 and released in Australia Japan New Zealand North America and South Korea on November 12 2020 with a further worldwide release on November 19 2020 112 SoftwareDevelopment studios Main article PlayStation Studios SIE maintains several in house studios since 2005 with the most recent move to brand these as PlayStation Studios starting in 2020 All of these studios develop PlayStation console exclusive games for Sony In addition to those listed below Bungie operates as an independent studio and publisher under SIE since July 2022 81 First party PlayStation Studios AsiaTeam Asobi The Playroom series Astro Bot Rescue Mission Astro s Playroom Polyphony Digital Gran Turismo series Motor Toon Grand Prix series Tourist Trophy Omega BoostNorth AmericaInsomniac Games Spyro the Dragon series Ratchet amp Clank series Resistance series Marvel s Spider Man series Sunset Overdrive Naughty Dog Crash Bandicoot series Jak and Daxter series Uncharted series The Last of Us series Bend Studio Syphon Filter series Resistance Retribution Uncharted Golden Abyss Uncharted Fight for Fortune Days Gone San Diego Studio MLB The Show series NBA series ModNation Racers series Sports Champions series The Mark of Kri Pain High Velocity Bowling Pinball Heroes Medieval Moves Deadmund s Quest LittleBigPlanet Karting Santa Monica Studio God of War series Twisted Metal series PixelJunk series Fat Princess series Kinetica Downhill Domination War of the Monsters The Con Neopets The Darkest Faerie Blast Factor Flow Calling All Cars Warhawk Everyday Shooter Linger in Shadows Flower detuned Carnival Island Escape Plan Journey Datura Starhawk Sorcery Sound Shapes The Unfinished Swan PlayStation All Stars Battle Royale Hohokum Fat Princess Piece of Cake 113 The Order 1886 Everybody s Gone to the Rapture Bound Sucker Punch Productions Sly Cooper series Infamous series Ghost of Tsushima Bluepoint Games Uncharted The Nathan Drake Collection Shadow of the Colossus Remake Demon s Souls Remake Valkyrie Entertainment Guns Up Haven Studios Fairgame Firewalk Studios ConcordEuropeGuerrilla Games Killzone series Horizon series Media Molecule LittleBigPlanet series Tearaway Tearaway Unfolded Dreams Housemarque Stardust series Dead Nation Resogun Nex Machina Returnal Firesprite The Persistence Fabrik Games Filthy Lucre The Lost Bear Neon Koi Mobile game developerGame development supportXDev 114 115 116 XDev collaborates with independent development studios across Europe and other PAL territories to publish content to PlayStation platforms all over the world LittleBigPlanet series Buzz series Invizimals series MotorStorm series Killzone series Pursuit Force series Start the Party series Super Stardust series Hustle Kings series Super Rub a Dub Heavenly Sword Rag Doll Kung Fu Fists of Plastic Crash Commando Heavy Rain Tumble The Fight Lights Out Dead Nation Move Fitness Reality Fighters Table Top Tanks PulzAR Table Ice Hockey Smart As When Vikings Attack Table Mini Golf Beyond Two Souls Wonderbook Walking with Dinosaurs Tearaway Resogun Dead Nation Apocalypse Edition Lemmings Touch PlayStation Vita Pets Murasaki Baby Run Sackboy Run 117 The Hungry Horde 118 BigFest 119 Until Dawn Tearaway Unfolded Rime Alienation Wild 120 Shadow of the Beast San Mateo Studio Syphon Filter series Jak and Daxter series Socom series Sly Cooper series Ratchet amp Clank series Resistance series Uncharted series Infamous series Jet Li Rise to Honor CounterSpy Helldivers Nixxes Software Dutch studio which focuses on porting games to other platforms while also supporting development of games for a variety of platforms Horizon Zero Dawn Microsoft Windows port developed patches Marvel s Spider Man series Microsoft Windows ports 121 Malaysia StudioClosedFirst party studiosPixelopus Entwined Concrete Genie Japan Studio Ape Escape series LocoRoco series Legend of Legaia series The Eye of Judgment series Everybody s Golf series Patapon series White Knight Chronicles series The Legend of Dragoon Talkman Rogue Galaxy Mainichi Issho Piyotama The Last Guy Demon s Souls Trash Panic Numblast Kung Fu Rider Beat Sketcher Bleach Soul Resurreccion Puppeteer Knack Destiny of Spirits Bloodborne The Tomorrow Children Siren series Gravity Rush series PaRappa the Rapper series Arc the Lad series Wild Arms series Beyond the Beyond Alundra series Boku no Natsuyasumi series SkyGunner Okage Shadow King Tsugunai Atonement Dual Hearts Dark Cloud series Genji Dawn of the Samurai series Rule of Rose Jeanne d Arc LocoRoco series Tokyo Jungle Soul Sacrifice Rain Freedom Wars Oreshika Tainted Bloodlines Deracine Ghost in the Shell Ghost in the Shell Stand Alone Complex both the 2004 game and the 2005 game London Studio SingStar series DanceStar Party series EyeToy series EyePet series Wonderbook series The Getaway series This is Football series World Tour Soccer series Passport To series PlayStation Home NBA ShootOut 97 Porsche Challenge Rapid Racer Spice World Team Buddies Hardware Online Arena Fired Up Gangs of London Aqua Vita Operation Creature Feature The Trials of Topoq Mesmerize Distort Tori Emaki Mesmerize Trace Beats RA One The Game DON 2 The Game 989 Studios NFL GameDay series Major League Baseball series NBA ShootOut series NCAA GameBreaker series Twisted Metal III Twisted Metal 4 Cool Boarders 3 Cool Boarders 4 Jet Moto 3 Rally Cross 2 ESPN Extreme Games 1Xtreme 2Xtreme 3Xtreme BigBig Studios Pursuit Force series MotorStorm Arctic Edge Little Deviants Evolution Studios World Rally Championship series MotorStorm series Driveclub Guerrilla Cambridge MediEvil series C 12 Final Resistance Primal Ghosthunter 24 The Game LittleBigPlanet PSP TV Superstars Killzone Mercenary collaborated in the development of the Killzone series Wipeout series EyeToy series Heavenly Sword PlayStation Home PlayTV Incognito Entertainment Twisted Metal series Warhawk War of the Monsters Downhill Domination Calling All Cars Manchester Studio New studio in North West England focused on creating VR games for PlayStation VR Studio Liverpool Wipeout series Formula One series Zipper Interactive Socom series Mag Unit 13Other platforms See also List of Sony Interactive Entertainment video games Windows and List of Sony Interactive Entertainment video games iOS Android SIE began releasing some of its first party studios exclusive titles for Windows in 2020 starting with Horizon Zero Dawn in August 2020 and with Days Gone in May 2021 Layden said in a 2021 interview that he was part of the team that came up with this concept where they recognized we need to go out to where these new customers are where these new fans could be We need to go to where they are Because they ve decided not to come to my house so I ve got to go their house now And what s the best way to go to their house Why not take one of our top selling games 122 Ryan said in an interview that with some of the latter PlayStation 4 titles that There s an opportunity to expose those great games to a wider audience and that Horizon Zero Dawn s release on Windows shows there was a strong interest in further releases 123 An investor report in 2021 stated that a primary factor in SIE s recent desire to expand into PC gaming under Ryan stems from the motivation to expand the PlayStation brand into China Russia and India markets where console oriented gaming is far less prevalent than in the West and Japan 124 125 In June 2021 after acquiring the studio Nixxes which had become their go to developer for these ports Sony confirmed that they are dedicated to PC gaming and value PC gamers although the PlayStation consoles will still be the first and best places to play their games 126 Subsequent Windows releases included 2018 s God of War in January 2022 127 Marvel s Spider Man Remastered in August 2022 the Uncharted Legacy of Thieves collection and Sackboy A Big Adventure in October 2022 Marvel s Spider Man Miles Morales in November 2022 Returnal in February 2023 The Last of Us Part I in March 2023 and Ratchet amp Clank Rift Apart in July 2023 128 129 130 131 132 Video Games Chronicle observed that Sony had established a PlayStation PC label around April 2021 to handle the publication of its games on Windows 133 SIE stated in a May 2022 investor report that sales of PC ports of their games had grown from 30 million in their 2020 fiscal year to 80 million in 2021 and estimated to be 300 million for 2022 Because of this SIE plans to continue to support PC releases of their PlayStation exclusive games and anticipate that by 2025 a third of their games revenue will come from PC sales 134 SIE also began seeking the mobile games market forming a division named ForwardWorks to develop mobile games for Japan in 2016 To expand this ambition to the West they hired a former content manager for Apple Arcade in 2020 as a means to bring their IPs to this platform 134 SIE acquired Savage Game Studios as their first dedicated mobile developer within PlayStation Studios in August 2022 for an 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