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Wikipedia

Nvidia

July 12, 2023

Nvidia Corporation[note 1][note 2] (/ɛnˈvɪdiə/ en-VID-ee-ə) is an American multinational technology company incorporated in Delaware and based in Santa Clara, California.[2] It is a software and fabless company which designs graphics processing units (GPUs), application programming interface (APIs) for data science and high-performance computing as well as system on a chip units (SoCs) for the mobile computing and automotive market. Nvidia is a dominant supplier of artificial intelligence hardware and software.[3][4] Its professional line of GPUs are used in workstations for applications in such fields as architecture, engineering and construction, media and entertainment, automotive, scientific research, and manufacturing design.[5]

Nvidia Corporation
Headquarters at Santa Clara in 2022
NVIDIA
TypePublic
Industry
FoundedApril 5, 1993; 30 years ago (1993-04-05) in Sunnyvale, California, U.S.
Founders
Headquarters
Santa Clara, California
,
U.S.
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Jensen Huang
(President and CEO)
Products
Revenue US$26.97 billion (2023)
US$4.224 billion (2023)
US$4.368 billion (2023)
Total assets US$41.18 billion (2023)
Total equity US$22.10 billion (2023)
Number of employees
26,196 (2023)
Subsidiaries
Websitenvidia.com
Footnotes / references
Financials as of January 29, 2023[1]

In addition to GPU manufacturing, Nvidia provides an API called CUDA that allows the creation of massively parallel programs which utilize GPUs.[6][7] They are deployed in supercomputing sites around the world.[8][9] More recently, it has moved into the mobile computing market, where it produces Tegra mobile processors for smartphones and tablets as well as vehicle navigation and entertainment systems.[10][11][12] In addition to AMD, its competitors include Intel,[13] Qualcomm[14] and AI-accelerator companies such as Graphcore. It also makes AI-powered software for audio and video processing, e.g. Nvidia Maxine.[15]

Nvidia's GPUs are used for edge to cloud computing and supercomputers. Nvidia expanded its presence in the gaming industry with its handheld game consoles Shield Portable, Shield Tablet, and Shield TV and its cloud gaming service GeForce Now.

Nvidia's offer to acquire Arm from SoftBank in September 2020 failed to materialize following extended regulatory scrutiny, leading to the termination of the deal in February 2022 in what would have been the largest semiconductor acquisition.[16][17]

History

 
The Denny's roadside diner in East San Jose, c. 2023, where Nvidia's three co-founders agreed to start the company in 1993.
 
Aerial view of the new Nvidia headquarters building and surrounding campus and area in Santa Clara, California, in 2017. Apple Park is visible in the distance.
 
Entrance of headquarters building in 2018

Nvidia was founded on April 5, 1993,[18][19][20] by Jensen Huang (CEO as of 2023), a Taiwanese-American electrical engineer who was previously the director of CoreWare at LSI Logic and a microprocessor designer at AMD; Chris Malachowsky, an engineer who worked at Sun Microsystems; and Curtis Priem, who was previously a senior staff engineer and graphics chip designer at IBM and Sun Microsystems.[21][22] The three men founded the company in a meeting at a Denny's roadside diner in East San Jose (just off Interstate 680 at the Berryessa Road interchange).[23]

In 1993, the three co-founders believed that the proper direction for the next wave of computing was accelerated computing such as graphics-based computing because it could solve problems that general-purpose computing could not.[24] They also observed that video games were simultaneously one of the most computationally challenging problems and would have incredibly high sales volume; the two conditions don’t happen very often.[24] Video games became the company's flywheel to reach large markets and fund huge R&D to solve massive computational problems.[24] With $40,000 in the bank, the company was born.[24] The company subsequently received $20 million of venture capital funding from Sequoia Capital and others.[25] Nvidia initially had no name and the co-founders named all their files NV, as in "next version".[24] The need to incorporate the company prompted the co-founders to review all words with those two letters, leading them to "invidia", the Latin word for "envy".[24] The company's original headquarters office was in Sunnyvale, California.[24] Nvidia went public on January 22, 1999.[26][27][28]

Releases and acquisitions

The release of the RIVA TNT in 1998, solidified Nvidia's reputation for developing capable graphics adapters. In late 1999, Nvidia released the GeForce 256 (NV10), most notably introducing on-board transformation and lighting (T&L) to consumer-level 3D hardware. Running at 120 MHz and featuring four-pixel pipelines, it implemented advanced video acceleration, motion compensation, and hardware sub-picture alpha blending. The GeForce outperformed existing products by a wide margin.

Due to the success of its products, Nvidia won the contract to develop the graphics hardware for Microsoft's Xbox game console, which earned Nvidia a $200 million advance. However, the project took many of its best engineers away from other projects. In the short term this did not matter, and the GeForce2 GTS shipped in the summer of 2000. In December 2000, Nvidia reached an agreement to acquire the intellectual assets of its one-time rival 3dfx, a pioneer in consumer 3D graphics technology leading the field from mid 1990s until 2000.[29][30] The acquisition process was finalized in April 2002.[31]

In July 2002, Nvidia acquired Exluna for an undisclosed sum. Exluna made software-rendering tools and the personnel were merged into the Cg project.[32] In August 2003, Nvidia acquired MediaQ for approximately US$70 million.[33] On April 22, 2004, Nvidia acquired iReady, also a provider of high performance TCP/IP and iSCSI offload solutions.[34] In December 2004, it was announced that Nvidia would assist Sony with the design of the graphics processor (RSX) in the PlayStation 3 game console. On December 14, 2005, Nvidia acquired ULI Electronics, which at the time supplied third-party southbridge parts for chipsets to ATI, Nvidia's competitor.[35] In March 2006, Nvidia acquired Hybrid Graphics.[36] In December 2006, Nvidia, along with its main rival in the graphics industry AMD (which had acquired ATI), received subpoenas from the U.S. Department of Justice regarding possible antitrust violations in the graphics card industry.[37]

Forbes named Nvidia its Company of the Year for 2007, citing the accomplishments it made during the said period as well as during the previous five years.[38] On January 5, 2007, Nvidia announced that it had completed the acquisition of PortalPlayer, Inc.[39] In February 2008, Nvidia acquired Ageia, developer of the PhysX physics engine and physics processing unit. Nvidia announced that it planned to integrate the PhysX technology into its future GPU products.[40][41]

In July 2008, Nvidia took a write-down of approximately $200 million on its first-quarter revenue, after reporting that certain mobile chipsets and GPUs produced by the company had "abnormal failure rates" due to manufacturing defects. Nvidia, however, did not reveal the affected products. In September 2008, Nvidia became the subject of a class action lawsuit over the defects, claiming that the faulty GPUs had been incorporated into certain laptop models manufactured by Apple Inc., Dell, and HP. In September 2010, Nvidia reached a settlement, in which it would reimburse owners of the affected laptops for repairs or, in some cases, replacement.[42][43] On January 10, 2011, Nvidia signed a six-year, $1.5 billion cross-licensing agreement with Intel, ending all litigation between the two companies.[44]

In November 2011, after initially unveiling it at Mobile World Congress, Nvidia released its Tegra 3 ARM system-on-a-chip for mobile devices. Nvidia claimed that the chip featured the first-ever quad-core mobile CPU.[45][46] In May 2011, it was announced that NVIDIA had agreed to acquire Icera, a baseband chip making company in the UK, for $367 million.[47] In January 2013, NVIDIA unveiled the Tegra 4, as well as the Nvidia Shield, an Android-based handheld game console powered by the new system-on-chip.[48] On July 29, 2013, Nvidia announced that they acquired PGI from STMicroelectronics.[49]

In 2014, Nvidia ported Valve games Portal and Half Life 2 to its Nvidia Shield tablet as Lightspeed Studio.[50][51] Since 2014, Nvidia has diversified its business focusing on three markets: gaming, automotive electronics, and mobile devices.[52]

On May 6, 2016, Nvidia unveiled the first GPUs of the GeForce 10 series, the GTX 1080 and 1070, based on the company's new Pascal microarchitecture. Nvidia claimed that both models outperformed its Maxwell-based Titan X model; the models incorporate GDDR5X and GDDR5 memory respectively, and use a 16 nm manufacturing process. The architecture also supports a new hardware feature known as simultaneous multi-projection (SMP), which is designed to improve the quality of multi-monitor and virtual reality rendering.[53][54][55] Laptops that include these GPUs and are sufficiently thin – as of late 2017, under 0.8 inches (20 mm) – have been designated as meeting NVIDIA's "Max-Q" design standard.[56]

In July 2016, Nvidia agreed to a settlement for a false advertising lawsuit regarding its GTX 970 model, as the models were unable to use all of their advertised 4 GB of RAM due to limitations brought by the design of its hardware.[57] In May 2017, Nvidia announced a partnership with Toyota which will use Nvidia's Drive PX-series artificial intelligence platform for its autonomous vehicles.[58] In July 2017, Nvidia and Chinese search giant Baidu announced a far-reaching AI partnership that includes cloud computing, autonomous driving, consumer devices, and Baidu's open-source AI framework PaddlePaddle. Baidu unveiled that Nvidia's Drive PX 2 AI will be the foundation of its autonomous-vehicle platform.[59]

Nvidia officially released the Titan V on December 7, 2017.[60][61]

Nvidia officially released the Nvidia Quadro GV100 on March 27, 2018.[62] Nvidia officially released the RTX 2080 GPUs on September 27, 2018. In 2018, Google announced that Nvidia's Tesla P4 graphic cards would be integrated into Google Cloud service's artificial intelligence.[63]

In May 2018, on the Nvidia user forum, a thread was started[64] asking the company to update users when they would release web drivers for its cards installed on legacy Mac Pro machines up to mid-2012 5,1 running the macOS Mojave operating system 10.14. Web drivers are required to enable graphics acceleration and multiple display monitor capabilities of the GPU. On its Mojave update info website, Apple stated that macOS Mojave would run on legacy machines with 'Metal compatible' graphics cards[65] and listed Metal compatible GPUs, including some manufactured by Nvidia.[66] However, this list did not include Metal compatible cards that currently work in macOS High Sierra using Nvidia developed web drivers. In September, Nvidia responded, "Apple fully control drivers for Mac OS. But if Apple allows, our engineers are ready and eager to help Apple deliver great drivers for Mac OS 10.14 (Mojave)."[67] In October, Nvidia followed this up with another public announcement, "Apple fully controls drivers for Mac OS. Unfortunately, Nvidia currently cannot release a driver unless it is approved by Apple,"[68] suggesting a possible rift between the two companies.[69] By January 2019, with still no sign of the enabling web drivers, Apple Insider weighed into the controversy with a claim that Apple management "doesn't want Nvidia support in macOS".[70] The following month, Apple Insider followed this up with another claim that Nvidia support was abandoned because of "relational issues in the past",[71] and that Apple was developing its own GPU technology.[72] Without Apple approved Nvidia web drivers, Apple users are faced with replacing their Nvidia cards with a competing supported brand, such as AMD Radeon from the list recommended by Apple.[73]

 
Nvidia Yokneam office (former Mellanox Technologies), Israel, March 2023

On March 11, 2019, Nvidia announced a deal to buy Mellanox Technologies for $6.9 billion[74] to substantially expand its footprint in the high-performance computing market. In May 2019, Nvidia announced new RTX Studio laptops. The creators say that the new laptop is going to be seven times faster than a top-end MacBook Pro with a Core i9 and AMD's Radeon Pro Vega 20 graphics in apps like Maya and RedCine-X Pro.[75] In August 2019, Nvidia announced Minecraft RTX, an official Nvidia-developed patch for the game Minecraft adding real-time DXR ray tracing exclusively to the Windows 10 version of the game. The whole game is, in Nvidia's words, "refit" with path tracing, which dramatically affects the way light, reflections, and shadows work inside the engine.[76]

In May 2020, Nvidia's top scientists developed an open-source ventilator in order to address the shortage resulting from the global coronavirus pandemic.[77] On May 14, 2020, Nvidia officially announced their Ampere GPU microarchitecture and the Nvidia A100 GPU accelerator.[78][79] In July 2020, it was reported that Nvidia was in talks with SoftBank to buy Arm, a UK-based chip designer, for $32 billion.[80]

On September 1, 2020, Nvidia officially announced the GeForce 30 series based on the company's new Ampere microarchitecture.[81][82]

On September 13, 2020, it was announced that Nvidia would buy Arm from SoftBank Group for $40 billion, subject to the usual scrutiny, with the latter retaining a 10% share of Nvidia.[83][84][85][86]

In October 2020, Nvidia announced its plan to build the most powerful computer in Cambridge, England. Named Cambridge-1, the computer will employ AI to support healthcare research, with an expected completion by the end of 2020, at a cost of approximately £40 million. According to Jensen Huang, "The Cambridge-1 supercomputer will serve as a hub of innovation for the UK, and further the groundbreaking work being done by the nation’s researchers in critical healthcare and drug discovery."[87]

Also in October 2020, along with the release of Nvidia RTX A6000, Nvidia announced it is retiring its workstation GPU brand Quadro, shifting product name to Nvidia RTX for future products and the manufacturing to be Nvidia Ampere architecture based.[5]

In August 2021, the proposed takeover of Arm Holdings was stalled after the UK's Competition and Markets Authority raised "significant competition concerns".[88] In October 2021, the European Commission opened a competition investigation into the takeover. The Commission stated that Nvidia's acquisition could restrict competitors' access to Arm's products and provide Nvidia with too much internal information on its competitors due to their deals with Arm. SoftBank (the parent company of Arm) and Nvidia announced in early February 2022 that they "had agreed not to move forward with the transaction 'because of significant regulatory challenges'".[89] The investigation is set to end on March 15, 2022.[90][91] That same month, Nvidia was reportedly compromised by a cyberattack. The attack coincided with the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, though there is no indication that the attack came from Russia or Russian hackers.[92]

In March 2022, Nvidia's CEO Jensen Huang mentioned that they are open to having Intel manufacture their chips in the future.[93] This was the first time the company mentioned that they would work together with Intel's upcoming foundry services.

In April 2022, it was reported that Nvidia planned to open a new research center in Yerevan, Armenia.[94]

In September 2022, Nvidia announced its next-generation automotive-grade chip, Drive Thor.[95][96]

Following U.S. Department of Commerce regulations which placed an embargo on exports to China of advanced microchips, which went into effect in October 2022, Nvidia saw its data center chip added to the export control list. The next month, the company unveiled a new advanced chip in China, called the A800 GPU, that met the export control rules.[97]

Finances

For the fiscal year 2020, Nvidia reported earnings of US$2.796 billion, with an annual revenue of US$10.918 billion, a decline of 6.8% over the previous fiscal cycle. Nvidia's shares traded at over $531 per share, and its market capitalization was valued at over US$328.7 billion in January 2021.[98]

For the Q2 of 2020, Nvidia reported sales of $3.87 billion, which was a 50% rise from the same period in 2019. The surge in sales and people's higher demand for computer technology. According to the financial chief of the company, Colette Kress, the effects of the pandemic will "likely reflect this evolution in enterprise workforce trends with a greater focus on technologies, such as Nvidia laptops and virtual workstations, that enable remote work and virtual collaboration."[99]

Year[98] Revenue
in mil. US$ 		Net income
in mil. US$ 		Total assets
in mil. US$ 		Price per share
in US$ 		Employees
2005 2,010 89 1,629 8.81 2,101
2006 2,376 301 1,955 16.76 2,737
2007 3,069 449 2,675 25.68 4,083
2008 4,098 798 3,748 14.77 4,985
2009 3,425 −30 3,351 10.97 3,772
2010 3,326 −68 3,586 12.56 5,706
2011 3,543 253 4,495 15.63 6,029
2012 3,998 581 5,553 12.52 5,042
2013 4,280 563 6,412 13.38 7,974
2014 4,130 440 7,251 17.83 6,384
2015 4,682 631 7,201 23.71 6,384
2016 5,010 614 7,370 53.76 9,227
2017 6,910 1,666 9,841 149.79 10,299
2018 9,714 3,047 11,241 232.38 11,528
2019 11,716 4,141 13,292 174.59 13,277
2020 10,918 2,796 17,315 395.63 13,775
2021 16,675 4,332 28,791  – 18,975
2022 26,914 9,752 44,187  – 22,473
2023 26,974 4,368 41,182  – 26,000

GPU Technology Conference

Nvidia's GPU Technology Conference (GTC), now called Nvidia GTC, is a series of technical conferences held around the world.[100] It originated in 2009 in San Jose, California, with an initial focus on the potential for solving computing challenges through GPUs.[101] In recent years, the conference focus has shifted to various applications of artificial intelligence and deep learning, including: self-driving cars, healthcare, high performance computing, and Nvidia Deep Learning Institute (DLI) training.[102] GTC 2018 attracted over 8400 attendees.[100] GTC 2020 was converted to a digital event and drew roughly 59,000 registrants.[103]

Product families

 
A Shield Tablet with its accompanying input pen (left) and game controller

Nvidia's family includes graphics, wireless communication, PC processors, and automotive hardware/software.

Some families are listed below:

  • GeForce, consumer-oriented graphics processing products
  • Nvidia RTX, professional visual computing graphics processing products (replacing GTX and Quadro)
  • NVS, multi-display business graphics solution
  • Tegra, a system on a chip series for mobile devices
  • Tesla, dedicated general-purpose GPU for high-end image generation applications in professional and scientific fields
  • nForce, a motherboard chipset created by Nvidia for Intel (Celeron, Pentium and Core 2) and AMD (Athlon and Duron) microprocessors
  • Nvidia GRID, a set of hardware and services by Nvidia for graphics virtualization
  • Nvidia Shield, a range of gaming hardware including the Shield Portable, Shield Tablet and, most recently, the Shield Android TV
  • Nvidia Drive automotive solutions, a range of hardware and software products for designers and manufacturers of autonomous vehicles. The Drive PX-series is a high performance computer platform aimed at autonomous driving through deep learning,[104] while Driveworks is an operating system for driverless cars.[105]
  • Nvidia BlueField, a range of Data Processing Units, initially inherited from their acquisition of Mellanox Technologies[106][107]
  • Nvidia Datacenter/Server class CPU, codenamed Nvidia Grace, coming in 2023.[108][109]

Open-source software support

See also: Free and open-source graphics device driver, Mesa 3D, nouveau (software), and OpenPOWER Foundation

Until September 23, 2013, Nvidia had not published any documentation for its advanced hardware,[110] meaning that programmers could not write free and open-source device driver for its products without resorting to (clean room) reverse engineering.

Instead, Nvidia provides its own binary GeForce graphics drivers for X.Org and an open-source library that interfaces with the Linux, FreeBSD or Solaris kernels and the proprietary graphics software. Nvidia also provided but stopped supporting an obfuscated open-source driver that only supports two-dimensional hardware acceleration and ships with the X.Org distribution.[111]

The proprietary nature of Nvidia's drivers has generated dissatisfaction within free-software communities.[112] Some Linux and BSD users insist on using only open-source drivers and regard Nvidia's insistence on providing nothing more than a binary-only driver as inadequate, given that competing manufacturers such as Intel offer support and documentation for open-source developers and that others (like AMD) release partial documentation and provide some active development.[113][114]

Because of the closed nature of the drivers, Nvidia video cards cannot deliver adequate features on some platforms and architectures given that the company only provides x86/x64 and ARMv7-A driver builds.[115] As a result, support for 3D graphics acceleration in Linux on PowerPC does not exist, nor does support for Linux on the hypervisor-restricted PlayStation 3 console.

Some users claim that Nvidia's Linux drivers impose artificial restrictions, like limiting the number of monitors that can be used at the same time, but the company has not commented on these accusations.[116]

In 2014, with Maxwell GPUs, Nvidia started to require firmware by them to unlock all features of its graphics cards. Up to now, this state has not changed and makes writing open-source drivers difficult.[117][118][119]

On 12 May 2022, Nvidia announced that they are opensourcing their GPU kernel drivers. They are still maintaining closed source userland utilities, hence making users still dependent on their proprietary software.[120][121][122]

Deep learning

Nvidia GPUs are used in deep learning, and accelerated analytics due to Nvidia's API CUDA which allows programmers to utilize the higher number of cores present in GPUs to parallelize BLAS operations which are extensively used in machine learning algorithms.[7] They were included in many Tesla vehicles before Elon Musk announced at Tesla Autonomy Day in 2019 that the company developed its own SoC and full self-driving computer now and would stop using Nvidia hardware for their vehicles.[123][124] These GPUs are used by researchers, laboratories, tech companies and enterprise companies.[125] In 2009, Nvidia was involved in what was called the "big bang" of deep learning, "as deep-learning neural networks were combined with Nvidia graphics processing units (GPUs)".[126] That year, the Google Brain used Nvidia GPUs to create Deep Neural Networks capable of machine learning, where Andrew Ng determined that GPUs could increase the speed of deep-learning systems by about 100 times.[127]

DGX

Main article: Nvidia DGX

DGX is a line of supercomputers by Nvidia.

In April 2016, Nvidia produced the DGX-1 based on an 8 GPU cluster, to improve the ability of users to use deep learning by combining GPUs with integrated deep learning software.[128] It also developed Nvidia Tesla K80 and P100 GPU-based virtual machines, which are available through Google Cloud, which Google installed in November 2016.[129] Microsoft added GPU servers in a preview offering of its N series based on Nvidia's Tesla K80s, each containing 4992 processing cores. Later that year, AWS's P2 instance was produced using up to 16 Nvidia Tesla K80 GPUs. That month Nvidia also partnered with IBM to create a software kit that boosts the AI capabilities of Watson,[130] called IBM PowerAI.[131][132] Nvidia also offers its own Nvidia Deep Learning software development kit.[133] In 2017, the GPUs were also brought online at the Riken Center for Advanced Intelligence Project for Fujitsu.[134] The company's deep learning technology led to a boost in its 2017 earnings.[135]

In May 2018, researchers at the artificial intelligence department of Nvidia realized the possibility that a robot can learn to perform a job simply by observing the person doing the same job. They have created a system that, after a short revision and testing, can already be used to control the universal robots of the next generation. In addition to GPU manufacturing, Nvidia provides parallel processing capabilities to researchers and scientists that allow them to efficiently run high-performance applications.[136]

Inception Program

Nvidia's Inception Program was created to support startups making exceptional advances in the fields of artificial intelligence and data science. Award winners are announced at Nvidia's GTC Conference. As of March 2018, there were 2,800 startups in the Inception Program. As of August 2021, Nvidia Inception has surpassed 8,500 members in 90 countries, with cumulative funding of $60 billion (USD).[137][138][139]

2018 winners

  • Subtle Medical (healthcare)
  • AiFi (enterprise)
  • Kinema Systems (autonomous vehicles)

2017 winners

  • Genetesis (social innovation)
  • Athelas (hottest emerging)
  • Deep Instinct (most disruptive)

Controversies

Maxwell advertising dispute

GTX 970 hardware specifications

Issues with the GeForce GTX 970's specifications were first brought up by users when they found out that the cards, while featuring 4 GB of memory, rarely accessed memory over the 3.5 GB boundary. Further testing and investigation eventually led to Nvidia issuing a statement that the card's initially announced specifications had been altered without notice before the card was made commercially available, and that the card took a performance hit once memory over the 3.5 GB limit were put into use.[140][141][142]

The card's back-end hardware specifications, initially announced as being identical to those of the GeForce GTX 980, differed in the amount of L2 cache (1.75 MB versus 2 MB in the GeForce GTX 980) and the number of ROPs (56 versus 64 in the 980). Additionally, it was revealed that the card was designed to access its memory as a 3.5 GB section, plus a 0.5 GB one, access to the latter being 7 times slower than the first one.[143] The company then went on to promise a specific driver modification in order to alleviate the performance issues produced by the cutbacks suffered by the card.[144] However, Nvidia later clarified that the promise had been a miscommunication and there would be no specific driver update for the GTX 970.[145] Nvidia claimed that it would assist customers who wanted refunds in obtaining them.[146] On February 26, 2015, Nvidia CEO Jen-Hsun Huang went on record in Nvidia's official blog to apologize for the incident.[147] In February 2015 a class-action lawsuit alleging false advertising was filed against Nvidia and Gigabyte Technology in the U.S. District Court for Northern California.[148][149]

Nvidia revealed that it is able to disable individual units, each containing 256 KB of L2 cache and 8 ROPs, without disabling whole memory controllers.[150] This comes at the cost of dividing the memory bus into high speed and low speed segments that cannot be accessed at the same time unless one segment is reading while the other segment is writing because the L2/ROP unit managing both of the GDDR5 controllers shares the read return channel and the write data bus between the two GDDR5 controllers and itself.[150] This is used in the GeForce GTX 970, which therefore can be described as having 3.5 GB in its high speed segment on a 224-bit bus and 0.5 GB in a low speed segment on a 32-bit bus.[150]

On July 27, 2016, Nvidia agreed to a preliminary settlement of the U.S. class action lawsuit,[148] offering a $30 refund on GTX 970 purchases. The agreed upon refund represents the portion of the cost of the storage and performance capabilities the consumers assumed they were obtaining when they purchased the card.[151]

Async compute support

While the Maxwell series was marketed as fully DirectX 12 compliant,[152][153] Oxide Games, developer of Ashes of the Singularity, uncovered that Maxwell-based cards do not perform well when async compute is utilized.[154][155][156][152]

It appears that while this core feature is in fact exposed by the driver,[157] Nvidia partially implemented it through a driver-based shim, coming at a high performance cost.[156] Unlike AMD's competing GCN-based graphics cards which include a full implementation of hardware-based asynchronous compute,[158][159] Nvidia planned to rely on the driver to implement a software queue and a software distributor to forward asynchronous tasks to the hardware schedulers, capable of distributing the workload to the correct units.[160] Asynchronous compute on Maxwell therefore requires that both a game and the GPU driver be specifically coded for asynchronous compute on Maxwell in order to enable this capability.[161] The 3DMark Time Spy benchmark shows no noticeable performance difference between asynchronous compute being enabled or disabled.[161] Asynchronous compute is disabled by the driver for Maxwell.[161]

Oxide claims that this led to Nvidia pressuring them not to include the asynchronous compute feature in their benchmark at all, so that the 900 series would not be at a disadvantage against AMD's products which implement asynchronous compute in hardware.[155]

Maxwell requires that the GPU be statically partitioned for asynchronous compute to allow tasks to run concurrently.[162] Each partition is assigned to a hardware queue. If any of the queues that are assigned to a partition empty out or are unable to submit work for any reason (e.g. a task in the queue must be delayed until a hazard is resolved), the partition and all of the resources in that partition reserved for that queue will idle.[162] Asynchronous compute therefore could easily hurt performance on Maxwell if it is not coded to work with Maxwell's static scheduler.[162] Furthermore, graphics tasks saturate Nvidia GPUs much more easily than they do to AMD's GCN-based GPUs which are much more heavily weighted towards compute, so Nvidia GPUs have fewer scheduling holes that could be filled by asynchronous compute than AMD's.[162] For these reasons, the driver forces a Maxwell GPU to place all tasks into one queue and execute each task in serial, and give each task the undivided resources of the GPU no matter whether or not each task can saturate the GPU or not.[162]

GeForce Partner Program

Main article: GeForce Partner Program

The Nvidia GeForce Partner Program was a marketing program designed to provide partnering companies with benefits such as public relations support, video game bundling, and marketing development funds.[163] The program proved to be controversial, with complaints about it possibly being an anti-competitive practice.[164]

First announced in a blog post on March 1, 2018,[165] it was canceled on May 4, 2018.[166]

Hardware Unboxed controversy

On December 10, 2020, Nvidia told popular YouTube tech reviewer Steven Walton of Hardware Unboxed that it would no longer supply him with GeForce Founders Edition graphics card review units.[167][168] In a Twitter message, Hardware Unboxed said, "Nvidia have officially decided to ban us from receiving GeForce Founders Edition GPU review samples. Their reasoning is that we are focusing on rasterization instead of ray tracing. They have said they will revisit this 'should your editorial direction change.'"[169]

In emails that were disclosed by Walton from Nvidia Senior PR Manager Bryan Del Rizzo, Nvidia had said:

...your GPU reviews and recommendations have continued to focus singularly on rasterization performance, and you have largely discounted all of the other technologies we offer gamers. It is very clear from your community commentary that you do not see things the same way that we, gamers, and the rest of the industry do.[170]

TechSpot, partner site of Hardware Unboxed, said, "this and other related incidents raise serious questions around journalistic independence and what they are expecting of reviewers when they are sent products for an unbiased opinion."[170]

A number of prominent technology reviewers came out strongly against Nvidia's move.[171][172] Linus Sebastian, of Linus Tech Tips, titled the episode of his popular weekly WAN Show, "NVIDIA might ACTUALLY be EVIL..."[173] and was highly critical of the company's move to dictate specific outcomes of technology reviews.[174] The popular review site Gamers Nexus said it was, "Nvidia's latest decision to shoot both its feet: They've now made it so that any reviewers covering RT will become subject to scrutiny from untrusting viewers who will suspect subversion by the company. Shortsighted self-own from NVIDIA."[175]

Two days later, Nvidia reversed their stance.[176][177] Hardware Unboxed sent out a Twitter message, "I just received an email from Nvidia apologizing for the previous email & they've now walked everything back."[178][171] On December 14, Hardware Unboxed released a video explaining the controversy from their viewpoint.[179] Via Twitter, they also shared a second apology sent by Nvidia's Del Rizzo that said "to withhold samples because I didn't agree with your commentary is simply inexcusable and crossed the line."[180][181]

Improper disclosures about cryptomining

In 2018, Nvidia's chips became popular for cryptomining, the process of obtaining crypto rewards in exchange for verifying transactions on distributed ledgers, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) said. However, the company failed to disclose that it was a "significant element" of its revenue growth from sales of chips designed for gaming, the SEC further added in a statement and charging order. Those omissions misled investors and analysts who were interested in understanding the impact of cryptomining on Nvidia's business, the SEC emphasized. Nvidia, which did not admit or deny the findings, has agreed to pay $5.5 million to settle civil charges, according to a statement made by the SEC in May 2022.[182]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Officially written as NVIDIA and stylized in its logo as nVIDIA with the lowercase "n" the same height as the uppercase "VIDIA"; formerly stylized as nVIDIA with a large italicized lowercase "n" on products from the mid 1990s to early-mid 2000s. "NVIDIA Logo Guidelines at a Glance" (PDF). nvidia.com. Nvidia. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022. Retrieved March 21, 2018.
  2. ^ Though unofficial, second letter capitalization of NVIDIA, i.e. nVidia, may be found within enthusiast communities and publications. Morgan, Timothy Prickett. "Microsoft, nVidia tag team on HPC". www.theregister.com. Retrieved March 12, 2022.

References

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July 12, 2023
nvidia, corporation, note, note, american, multinational, technology, company, incorporated, delaware, based, santa, clara, california, software, fabless, company, which, designs, graphics, processing, units, gpus, application, programming, interface, apis, da. Nvidia Corporation note 1 note 2 ɛ n ˈ v ɪ d i e en VID ee e is an American multinational technology company incorporated in Delaware and based in Santa Clara California 2 It is a software and fabless company which designs graphics processing units GPUs application programming interface APIs for data science and high performance computing as well as system on a chip units SoCs for the mobile computing and automotive market Nvidia is a dominant supplier of artificial intelligence hardware and software 3 4 Its professional line of GPUs are used in workstations for applications in such fields as architecture engineering and construction media and entertainment automotive scientific research and manufacturing design 5 Nvidia CorporationHeadquarters at Santa Clara in 2022Trade nameNVIDIATypePublicTraded asNasdaq NVDANasdaq 100 componentS amp P 100 componentS amp P 500 componentIndustryComputer hardwareComputer softwareCloud computingSemiconductorsArtificial intelligenceGPUsGraphics cardsConsumer electronicsVideo gamesFoundedApril 5 1993 30 years ago 1993 04 05 in Sunnyvale California U S FoundersJensen HuangCurtis PriemChris MalachowskyHeadquartersSanta Clara California U S Area servedWorldwideKey peopleJensen Huang President and CEO ProductsGraphics processing units including with ray tracing capability in Nvidia RTX line Central processing unitsChipsetsDriversCollaborative softwareTablet computersTV accessoriesGPU chips for laptopsData processing unitsRevenueUS 26 97 billion 2023 Operating incomeUS 4 224 billion 2023 Net incomeUS 4 368 billion 2023 Total assetsUS 41 18 billion 2023 Total equityUS 22 10 billion 2023 Number of employees26 196 2023 SubsidiariesNvidia Advanced Rendering CenterMellanox TechnologiesCumulus NetworksWebsitenvidia comFootnotes referencesFinancials as of January 29 2023 update 1 In addition to GPU manufacturing Nvidia provides an API called CUDA that allows the creation of massively parallel programs which utilize GPUs 6 7 They are deployed in supercomputing sites around the world 8 9 More recently it has moved into the mobile computing market where it produces Tegra mobile processors for smartphones and tablets as well as vehicle navigation and entertainment systems 10 11 12 In addition to AMD its competitors include Intel 13 Qualcomm 14 and AI accelerator companies such as Graphcore It also makes AI powered software for audio and video processing e g Nvidia Maxine 15 Nvidia s GPUs are used for edge to cloud computing and supercomputers Nvidia expanded its presence in the gaming industry with its handheld game consoles Shield Portable Shield Tablet and Shield TV and its cloud gaming service GeForce Now Nvidia s offer to acquire Arm from SoftBank in September 2020 failed to materialize following extended regulatory scrutiny leading to the termination of the deal in February 2022 in what would have been the largest semiconductor acquisition 16 17 Contents 1 History 1 1 Releases and acquisitions 2 Finances 3 GPU Technology Conference 4 Product families 5 Open source software support 6 Deep learning 6 1 DGX 7 Inception Program 7 1 2018 winners 7 2 2017 winners 8 Controversies 8 1 Maxwell advertising dispute 8 1 1 GTX 970 hardware specifications 8 1 2 Async compute support 8 2 GeForce Partner Program 8 3 Hardware Unboxed controversy 8 4 Improper disclosures about cryptomining 9 See also 10 Notes 11 References 12 External linksHistory Edit The Denny s roadside diner in East San Jose c 2023 where Nvidia s three co founders agreed to start the company in 1993 Aerial view of the new Nvidia headquarters building and surrounding campus and area in Santa Clara California in 2017 Apple Park is visible in the distance Entrance of headquarters building in 2018Nvidia was founded on April 5 1993 18 19 20 by Jensen Huang CEO as of 2023 update a Taiwanese American electrical engineer who was previously the director of CoreWare at LSI Logic and a microprocessor designer at AMD Chris Malachowsky an engineer who worked at Sun Microsystems and Curtis Priem who was previously a senior staff engineer and graphics chip designer at IBM and Sun Microsystems 21 22 The three men founded the company in a meeting at a Denny s roadside diner in East San Jose just off Interstate 680 at the Berryessa Road interchange 23 In 1993 the three co founders believed that the proper direction for the next wave of computing was accelerated computing such as graphics based computing because it could solve problems that general purpose computing could not 24 They also observed that video games were simultaneously one of the most computationally challenging problems and would have incredibly high sales volume the two conditions don t happen very often 24 Video games became the company s flywheel to reach large markets and fund huge R amp D to solve massive computational problems 24 With 40 000 in the bank the company was born 24 The company subsequently received 20 million of venture capital funding from Sequoia Capital and others 25 Nvidia initially had no name and the co founders named all their files NV as in next version 24 The need to incorporate the company prompted the co founders to review all words with those two letters leading them to invidia the Latin word for envy 24 The company s original headquarters office was in Sunnyvale California 24 Nvidia went public on January 22 1999 26 27 28 Releases and acquisitions Edit The release of the RIVA TNT in 1998 solidified Nvidia s reputation for developing capable graphics adapters In late 1999 Nvidia released the GeForce 256 NV10 most notably introducing on board transformation and lighting T amp L to consumer level 3D hardware Running at 120 MHz and featuring four pixel pipelines it implemented advanced video acceleration motion compensation and hardware sub picture alpha blending The GeForce outperformed existing products by a wide margin Due to the success of its products Nvidia won the contract to develop the graphics hardware for Microsoft s Xbox game console which earned Nvidia a 200 million advance However the project took many of its best engineers away from other projects In the short term this did not matter and the GeForce2 GTS shipped in the summer of 2000 In December 2000 Nvidia reached an agreement to acquire the intellectual assets of its one time rival 3dfx a pioneer in consumer 3D graphics technology leading the field from mid 1990s until 2000 29 30 The acquisition process was finalized in April 2002 31 In July 2002 Nvidia acquired Exluna for an undisclosed sum Exluna made software rendering tools and the personnel were merged into the Cg project 32 In August 2003 Nvidia acquired MediaQ for approximately US 70 million 33 On April 22 2004 Nvidia acquired iReady also a provider of high performance TCP IP and iSCSI offload solutions 34 In December 2004 it was announced that Nvidia would assist Sony with the design of the graphics processor RSX in the PlayStation 3 game console On December 14 2005 Nvidia acquired ULI Electronics which at the time supplied third party southbridge parts for chipsets to ATI Nvidia s competitor 35 In March 2006 Nvidia acquired Hybrid Graphics 36 In December 2006 Nvidia along with its main rival in the graphics industry AMD which had acquired ATI received subpoenas from the U S Department of Justice regarding possible antitrust violations in the graphics card industry 37 Forbes named Nvidia its Company of the Year for 2007 citing the accomplishments it made during the said period as well as during the previous five years 38 On January 5 2007 Nvidia announced that it had completed the acquisition of PortalPlayer Inc 39 In February 2008 Nvidia acquired Ageia developer of the PhysX physics engine and physics processing unit Nvidia announced that it planned to integrate the PhysX technology into its future GPU products 40 41 In July 2008 Nvidia took a write down of approximately 200 million on its first quarter revenue after reporting that certain mobile chipsets and GPUs produced by the company had abnormal failure rates due to manufacturing defects Nvidia however did not reveal the affected products In September 2008 Nvidia became the subject of a class action lawsuit over the defects claiming that the faulty GPUs had been incorporated into certain laptop models manufactured by Apple Inc Dell and HP In September 2010 Nvidia reached a settlement in which it would reimburse owners of the affected laptops for repairs or in some cases replacement 42 43 On January 10 2011 Nvidia signed a six year 1 5 billion cross licensing agreement with Intel ending all litigation between the two companies 44 In November 2011 after initially unveiling it at Mobile World Congress Nvidia released its Tegra 3 ARM system on a chip for mobile devices Nvidia claimed that the chip featured the first ever quad core mobile CPU 45 46 In May 2011 it was announced that NVIDIA had agreed to acquire Icera a baseband chip making company in the UK for 367 million 47 In January 2013 NVIDIA unveiled the Tegra 4 as well as the Nvidia Shield an Android based handheld game console powered by the new system on chip 48 On July 29 2013 Nvidia announced that they acquired PGI from STMicroelectronics 49 In 2014 Nvidia ported Valve games Portal and Half Life 2 to its Nvidia Shield tablet as Lightspeed Studio 50 51 Since 2014 Nvidia has diversified its business focusing on three markets gaming automotive electronics and mobile devices 52 On May 6 2016 Nvidia unveiled the first GPUs of the GeForce 10 series the GTX 1080 and 1070 based on the company s new Pascal microarchitecture Nvidia claimed that both models outperformed its Maxwell based Titan X model the models incorporate GDDR5X and GDDR5 memory respectively and use a 16 nm manufacturing process The architecture also supports a new hardware feature known as simultaneous multi projection SMP which is designed to improve the quality of multi monitor and virtual reality rendering 53 54 55 Laptops that include these GPUs and are sufficiently thin as of late 2017 under 0 8 inches 20 mm have been designated as meeting NVIDIA s Max Q design standard 56 In July 2016 Nvidia agreed to a settlement for a false advertising lawsuit regarding its GTX 970 model as the models were unable to use all of their advertised 4 GB of RAM due to limitations brought by the design of its hardware 57 In May 2017 Nvidia announced a partnership with Toyota which will use Nvidia s Drive PX series artificial intelligence platform for its autonomous vehicles 58 In July 2017 Nvidia and Chinese search giant Baidu announced a far reaching AI partnership that includes cloud computing autonomous driving consumer devices and Baidu s open source AI framework PaddlePaddle Baidu unveiled that Nvidia s Drive PX 2 AI will be the foundation of its autonomous vehicle platform 59 Nvidia officially released the Titan V on December 7 2017 60 61 Nvidia officially released the Nvidia Quadro GV100 on March 27 2018 62 Nvidia officially released the RTX 2080 GPUs on September 27 2018 In 2018 Google announced that Nvidia s Tesla P4 graphic cards would be integrated into Google Cloud service s artificial intelligence 63 In May 2018 on the Nvidia user forum a thread was started 64 asking the company to update users when they would release web drivers for its cards installed on legacy Mac Pro machines up to mid 2012 5 1 running the macOS Mojave operating system 10 14 Web drivers are required to enable graphics acceleration and multiple display monitor capabilities of the GPU On its Mojave update info website Apple stated that macOS Mojave would run on legacy machines with Metal compatible graphics cards 65 and listed Metal compatible GPUs including some manufactured by Nvidia 66 However this list did not include Metal compatible cards that currently work in macOS High Sierra using Nvidia developed web drivers In September Nvidia responded Apple fully control drivers for Mac OS But if Apple allows our engineers are ready and eager to help Apple deliver great drivers for Mac OS 10 14 Mojave 67 In October Nvidia followed this up with another public announcement Apple fully controls drivers for Mac OS Unfortunately Nvidia currently cannot release a driver unless it is approved by Apple 68 suggesting a possible rift between the two companies 69 By January 2019 with still no sign of the enabling web drivers Apple Insider weighed into the controversy with a claim that Apple management doesn t want Nvidia support in macOS 70 The following month Apple Insider followed this up with another claim that Nvidia support was abandoned because of relational issues in the past 71 and that Apple was developing its own GPU technology 72 Without Apple approved Nvidia web drivers Apple users are faced with replacing their Nvidia cards with a competing supported brand such as AMD Radeon from the list recommended by Apple 73 Nvidia Yokneam office former Mellanox Technologies Israel March 2023On March 11 2019 Nvidia announced a deal to buy Mellanox Technologies for 6 9 billion 74 to substantially expand its footprint in the high performance computing market In May 2019 Nvidia announced new RTX Studio laptops The creators say that the new laptop is going to be seven times faster than a top end MacBook Pro with a Core i9 and AMD s Radeon Pro Vega 20 graphics in apps like Maya and RedCine X Pro 75 In August 2019 Nvidia announced Minecraft RTX an official Nvidia developed patch for the game Minecraft adding real time DXR ray tracing exclusively to the Windows 10 version of the game The whole game is in Nvidia s words refit with path tracing which dramatically affects the way light reflections and shadows work inside the engine 76 In May 2020 Nvidia s top scientists developed an open source ventilator in order to address the shortage resulting from the global coronavirus pandemic 77 On May 14 2020 Nvidia officially announced their Ampere GPU microarchitecture and the Nvidia A100 GPU accelerator 78 79 In July 2020 it was reported that Nvidia was in talks with SoftBank to buy Arm a UK based chip designer for 32 billion 80 On September 1 2020 Nvidia officially announced the GeForce 30 series based on the company s new Ampere microarchitecture 81 82 On September 13 2020 it was announced that Nvidia would buy Arm from SoftBank Group for 40 billion subject to the usual scrutiny with the latter retaining a 10 share of Nvidia 83 84 85 86 In October 2020 Nvidia announced its plan to build the most powerful computer in Cambridge England Named Cambridge 1 the computer will employ AI to support healthcare research with an expected completion by the end of 2020 at a cost of approximately 40 million According to Jensen Huang The Cambridge 1 supercomputer will serve as a hub of innovation for the UK and further the groundbreaking work being done by the nation s researchers in critical healthcare and drug discovery 87 Also in October 2020 along with the release of Nvidia RTX A6000 Nvidia announced it is retiring its workstation GPU brand Quadro shifting product name to Nvidia RTX for future products and the manufacturing to be Nvidia Ampere architecture based 5 In August 2021 the proposed takeover of Arm Holdings was stalled after the UK s Competition and Markets Authority raised significant competition concerns 88 In October 2021 the European Commission opened a competition investigation into the takeover The Commission stated that Nvidia s acquisition could restrict competitors access to Arm s products and provide Nvidia with too much internal information on its competitors due to their deals with Arm SoftBank the parent company of Arm and Nvidia announced in early February 2022 that they had agreed not to move forward with the transaction because of significant regulatory challenges 89 The investigation is set to end on March 15 2022 90 91 That same month Nvidia was reportedly compromised by a cyberattack The attack coincided with the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine though there is no indication that the attack came from Russia or Russian hackers 92 In March 2022 Nvidia s CEO Jensen Huang mentioned that they are open to having Intel manufacture their chips in the future 93 This was the first time the company mentioned that they would work together with Intel s upcoming foundry services In April 2022 it was reported that Nvidia planned to open a new research center in Yerevan Armenia 94 In September 2022 Nvidia announced its next generation automotive grade chip Drive Thor 95 96 Following U S Department of Commerce regulations which placed an embargo on exports to China of advanced microchips which went into effect in October 2022 Nvidia saw its data center chip added to the export control list The next month the company unveiled a new advanced chip in China called the A800 GPU that met the export control rules 97 Finances EditFor the fiscal year 2020 Nvidia reported earnings of US 2 796 billion with an annual revenue of US 10 918 billion a decline of 6 8 over the previous fiscal cycle Nvidia s shares traded at over 531 per share and its market capitalization was valued at over US 328 7 billion in January 2021 98 For the Q2 of 2020 Nvidia reported sales of 3 87 billion which was a 50 rise from the same period in 2019 The surge in sales and people s higher demand for computer technology According to the financial chief of the company Colette Kress the effects of the pandemic will likely reflect this evolution in enterprise workforce trends with a greater focus on technologies such as Nvidia laptops and virtual workstations that enable remote work and virtual collaboration 99 Year 98 Revenuein mil US Net incomein mil US Total assetsin mil US Price per sharein US Employees2005 2 010 89 1 629 8 81 2 1012006 2 376 301 1 955 16 76 2 7372007 3 069 449 2 675 25 68 4 0832008 4 098 798 3 748 14 77 4 9852009 3 425 30 3 351 10 97 3 7722010 3 326 68 3 586 12 56 5 7062011 3 543 253 4 495 15 63 6 0292012 3 998 581 5 553 12 52 5 0422013 4 280 563 6 412 13 38 7 9742014 4 130 440 7 251 17 83 6 3842015 4 682 631 7 201 23 71 6 3842016 5 010 614 7 370 53 76 9 2272017 6 910 1 666 9 841 149 79 10 2992018 9 714 3 047 11 241 232 38 11 5282019 11 716 4 141 13 292 174 59 13 2772020 10 918 2 796 17 315 395 63 13 7752021 16 675 4 332 28 791 18 9752022 26 914 9 752 44 187 22 4732023 26 974 4 368 41 182 26 000GPU Technology Conference EditNvidia s GPU Technology Conference GTC now called Nvidia GTC is a series of technical conferences held around the world 100 It originated in 2009 in San Jose California with an initial focus on the potential for solving computing challenges through GPUs 101 In recent years the conference focus has shifted to various applications of artificial intelligence and deep learning including self driving cars healthcare high performance computing and Nvidia Deep Learning Institute DLI training 102 GTC 2018 attracted over 8400 attendees 100 GTC 2020 was converted to a digital event and drew roughly 59 000 registrants 103 Product families Edit A Shield Tablet with its accompanying input pen left and game controllerNvidia s family includes graphics wireless communication PC processors and automotive hardware software Some families are listed below GeForce consumer oriented graphics processing products Nvidia RTX professional visual computing graphics processing products replacing GTX and Quadro NVS multi display business graphics solution Tegra a system on a chip series for mobile devices Tesla dedicated general purpose GPU for high end image generation applications in professional and scientific fields nForce a motherboard chipset created by Nvidia for Intel Celeron Pentium and Core 2 and AMD Athlon and Duron microprocessors Nvidia GRID a set of hardware and services by Nvidia for graphics virtualization Nvidia Shield a range of gaming hardware including the Shield Portable Shield Tablet and most recently the Shield Android TV Nvidia Drive automotive solutions a range of hardware and software products for designers and manufacturers of autonomous vehicles The Drive PX series is a high performance computer platform aimed at autonomous driving through deep learning 104 while Driveworks is an operating system for driverless cars 105 Nvidia BlueField a range of Data Processing Units initially inherited from their acquisition of Mellanox Technologies 106 107 Nvidia Datacenter Server class CPU codenamed Nvidia Grace coming in 2023 108 109 Open source software support EditSee also Free and open source graphics device driver Mesa 3D nouveau software and OpenPOWER Foundation This section possibly contains original research Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations Statements consisting only of original research should be removed July 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message Until September 23 2013 Nvidia had not published any documentation for its advanced hardware 110 meaning that programmers could not write free and open source device driver for its products without resorting to clean room reverse engineering Instead Nvidia provides its own binary GeForce graphics drivers for X Org and an open source library that interfaces with the Linux FreeBSD or Solaris kernels and the proprietary graphics software Nvidia also provided but stopped supporting an obfuscated open source driver that only supports two dimensional hardware acceleration and ships with the X Org distribution 111 The proprietary nature of Nvidia s drivers has generated dissatisfaction within free software communities 112 Some Linux and BSD users insist on using only open source drivers and regard Nvidia s insistence on providing nothing more than a binary only driver as inadequate given that competing manufacturers such as Intel offer support and documentation for open source developers and that others like AMD release partial documentation and provide some active development 113 114 Because of the closed nature of the drivers Nvidia video cards cannot deliver adequate features on some platforms and architectures given that the company only provides x86 x64 and ARMv7 A driver builds 115 As a result support for 3D graphics acceleration in Linux on PowerPC does not exist nor does support for Linux on the hypervisor restricted PlayStation 3 console Some users claim that Nvidia s Linux drivers impose artificial restrictions like limiting the number of monitors that can be used at the same time but the company has not commented on these accusations 116 In 2014 with Maxwell GPUs Nvidia started to require firmware by them to unlock all features of its graphics cards Up to now this state has not changed and makes writing open source drivers difficult 117 118 119 On 12 May 2022 Nvidia announced that they are opensourcing their GPU kernel drivers They are still maintaining closed source userland utilities hence making users still dependent on their proprietary software 120 121 122 Deep learning EditNvidia GPUs are used in deep learning and accelerated analytics due to Nvidia s API CUDA which allows programmers to utilize the higher number of cores present in GPUs to parallelize BLAS operations which are extensively used in machine learning algorithms 7 They were included in many Tesla vehicles before Elon Musk announced at Tesla Autonomy Day in 2019 that the company developed its own SoC and full self driving computer now and would stop using Nvidia hardware for their vehicles 123 124 These GPUs are used by researchers laboratories tech companies and enterprise companies 125 In 2009 Nvidia was involved in what was called the big bang of deep learning as deep learning neural networks were combined with Nvidia graphics processing units GPUs 126 That year the Google Brain used Nvidia GPUs to create Deep Neural Networks capable of machine learning where Andrew Ng determined that GPUs could increase the speed of deep learning systems by about 100 times 127 DGX Edit Main article Nvidia DGX DGX is a line of supercomputers by Nvidia In April 2016 Nvidia produced the DGX 1 based on an 8 GPU cluster to improve the ability of users to use deep learning by combining GPUs with integrated deep learning software 128 It also developed Nvidia Tesla K80 and P100 GPU based virtual machines which are available through Google Cloud which Google installed in November 2016 129 Microsoft added GPU servers in a preview offering of its N series based on Nvidia s Tesla K80s each containing 4992 processing cores Later that year AWS s P2 instance was produced using up to 16 Nvidia Tesla K80 GPUs That month Nvidia also partnered with IBM to create a software kit that boosts the AI capabilities of Watson 130 called IBM PowerAI 131 132 Nvidia also offers its own Nvidia Deep Learning software development kit 133 In 2017 the GPUs were also brought online at the Riken Center for Advanced Intelligence Project for Fujitsu 134 The company s deep learning technology led to a boost in its 2017 earnings 135 In May 2018 researchers at the artificial intelligence department of Nvidia realized the possibility that a robot can learn to perform a job simply by observing the person doing the same job They have created a system that after a short revision and testing can already be used to control the universal robots of the next generation In addition to GPU manufacturing Nvidia provides parallel processing capabilities to researchers and scientists that allow them to efficiently run high performance applications 136 Inception Program EditNvidia s Inception Program was created to support startups making exceptional advances in the fields of artificial intelligence and data science Award winners are announced at Nvidia s GTC Conference As of March 2018 there were 2 800 startups in the Inception Program As of August 2021 Nvidia Inception has surpassed 8 500 members in 90 countries with cumulative funding of 60 billion USD 137 138 139 2018 winners Edit Subtle Medical healthcare AiFi enterprise Kinema Systems autonomous vehicles 2017 winners Edit Genetesis social innovation Athelas hottest emerging Deep Instinct most disruptive Controversies EditMaxwell advertising dispute Edit GTX 970 hardware specifications Edit Issues with the GeForce GTX 970 s specifications were first brought up by users when they found out that the cards while featuring 4 GB of memory rarely accessed memory over the 3 5 GB boundary Further testing and investigation eventually led to Nvidia issuing a statement that the card s initially announced specifications had been altered without notice before the card was made commercially available and that the card took a performance hit once memory over the 3 5 GB limit were put into use 140 141 142 The card s back end hardware specifications initially announced as being identical to those of the GeForce GTX 980 differed in the amount of L2 cache 1 75 MB versus 2 MB in the GeForce GTX 980 and the number of ROPs 56 versus 64 in the 980 Additionally it was revealed that the card was designed to access its memory as a 3 5 GB section plus a 0 5 GB one access to the latter being 7 times slower than the first one 143 The company then went on to promise a specific driver modification in order to alleviate the performance issues produced by the cutbacks suffered by the card 144 However Nvidia later clarified that the promise had been a miscommunication and there would be no specific driver update for the GTX 970 145 Nvidia claimed that it would assist customers who wanted refunds in obtaining them 146 On February 26 2015 Nvidia CEO Jen Hsun Huang went on record in Nvidia s official blog to apologize for the incident 147 In February 2015 a class action lawsuit alleging false advertising was filed against Nvidia and Gigabyte Technology in the U S District Court for Northern California 148 149 Nvidia revealed that it is able to disable individual units each containing 256 KB of L2 cache and 8 ROPs without disabling whole memory controllers 150 This comes at the cost of dividing the memory bus into high speed and low speed segments that cannot be accessed at the same time unless one segment is reading while the other segment is writing because the L2 ROP unit managing both of the GDDR5 controllers shares the read return channel and the write data bus between the two GDDR5 controllers and itself 150 This is used in the GeForce GTX 970 which therefore can be described as having 3 5 GB in its high speed segment on a 224 bit bus and 0 5 GB in a low speed segment on a 32 bit bus 150 On July 27 2016 Nvidia agreed to a preliminary settlement of the U S class action lawsuit 148 offering a 30 refund on GTX 970 purchases The agreed upon refund represents the portion of the cost of the storage and performance capabilities the consumers assumed they were obtaining when they purchased the card 151 Async compute support Edit While the Maxwell series was marketed as fully DirectX 12 compliant 152 153 Oxide Games developer of Ashes of the Singularity uncovered that Maxwell based cards do not perform well when async compute is utilized 154 155 156 152 It appears that while this core feature is in fact exposed by the driver 157 Nvidia partially implemented it through a driver based shim coming at a high performance cost 156 Unlike AMD s competing GCN based graphics cards which include a full implementation of hardware based asynchronous compute 158 159 Nvidia planned to rely on the driver to implement a software queue and a software distributor to forward asynchronous tasks to the hardware schedulers capable of distributing the workload to the correct units 160 Asynchronous compute on Maxwell therefore requires that both a game and the GPU driver be specifically coded for asynchronous compute on Maxwell in order to enable this capability 161 The 3DMark Time Spy benchmark shows no noticeable performance difference between asynchronous compute being enabled or disabled 161 Asynchronous compute is disabled by the driver for Maxwell 161 Oxide claims that this led to Nvidia pressuring them not to include the asynchronous compute feature in their benchmark at all so that the 900 series would not be at a disadvantage against AMD s products which implement asynchronous compute in hardware 155 Maxwell requires that the GPU be statically partitioned for asynchronous compute to allow tasks to run concurrently 162 Each partition is assigned to a hardware queue If any of the queues that are assigned to a partition empty out or are unable to submit work for any reason e g a task in the queue must be delayed until a hazard is resolved the partition and all of the resources in that partition reserved for that queue will idle 162 Asynchronous compute therefore could easily hurt performance on Maxwell if it is not coded to work with Maxwell s static scheduler 162 Furthermore graphics tasks saturate Nvidia GPUs much more easily than they do to AMD s GCN based GPUs which are much more heavily weighted towards compute so Nvidia GPUs have fewer scheduling holes that could be filled by asynchronous compute than AMD s 162 For these reasons the driver forces a Maxwell GPU to place all tasks into one queue and execute each task in serial and give each task the undivided resources of the GPU no matter whether or not each task can saturate the GPU or not 162 GeForce Partner Program Edit Main article GeForce Partner ProgramThe Nvidia GeForce Partner Program was a marketing program designed to provide partnering companies with benefits such as public relations support video game bundling and marketing development funds 163 The program proved to be controversial with complaints about it possibly being an anti competitive practice 164 First announced in a blog post on March 1 2018 165 it was canceled on May 4 2018 166 Hardware Unboxed controversy Edit On December 10 2020 Nvidia told popular YouTube tech reviewer Steven Walton of Hardware Unboxed that it would no longer supply him with GeForce Founders Edition graphics card review units 167 168 In a Twitter message Hardware Unboxed said Nvidia have officially decided to ban us from receiving GeForce Founders Edition GPU review samples Their reasoning is that we are focusing on rasterization instead of ray tracing They have said they will revisit this should your editorial direction change 169 In emails that were disclosed by Walton from Nvidia Senior PR Manager Bryan Del Rizzo Nvidia had said your GPU reviews and recommendations have continued to focus singularly on rasterization performance and you have largely discounted all of the other technologies we offer gamers It is very clear from your community commentary that you do not see things the same way that we gamers and the rest of the industry do 170 TechSpot partner site of Hardware Unboxed said this and other related incidents raise serious questions around journalistic independence and what they are expecting of reviewers when they are sent products for an unbiased opinion 170 A number of prominent technology reviewers came out strongly against Nvidia s move 171 172 Linus Sebastian of Linus Tech Tips titled the episode of his popular weekly WAN Show NVIDIA might ACTUALLY be EVIL 173 and was highly critical of the company s move to dictate specific outcomes of technology reviews 174 The popular review site Gamers Nexus said it was Nvidia s latest decision to shoot both its feet They ve now made it so that any reviewers covering RT will become subject to scrutiny from untrusting viewers who will suspect subversion by the company Shortsighted self own from NVIDIA 175 Two days later Nvidia reversed their stance 176 177 Hardware Unboxed sent out a Twitter message I just received an email from Nvidia apologizing for the previous email amp they ve now walked everything back 178 171 On December 14 Hardware Unboxed released a video explaining the controversy from their viewpoint 179 Via Twitter they also shared a second apology sent by Nvidia s Del Rizzo that said to withhold samples because I didn t agree with your commentary is simply inexcusable and crossed the line 180 181 Improper disclosures about cryptomining Edit In 2018 Nvidia s chips became popular for cryptomining the process of obtaining crypto rewards in exchange for verifying transactions on distributed ledgers the U S Securities and Exchange Commission SEC said However the company failed to disclose that it was a significant element of its revenue growth from sales of chips designed for gaming the SEC further added in a statement and charging order Those omissions misled investors and analysts who were interested in understanding the impact of cryptomining on Nvidia s business the SEC emphasized Nvidia which did not admit or deny the findings has agreed to pay 5 5 million to settle civil charges according to a statement made by the SEC in May 2022 182 See also Edit San Francisco Bay Area portal Companies portalFast approximate anti aliasing General purpose computing on graphics processing units Nvidia G Sync Huang s law List of Nvidia 3D Vision Ready games List of Nvidia graphics processing units Molecular modeling on GPUs Nvision Nvidia Ion Nvidia ShadowPlay OpenCL OptiX Project DenverNotes Edit Officially written as NVIDIA and stylized in its logo as n VIDIA with the lowercase n the same height as the uppercase VIDIA formerly stylized as n VIDIA with a large italicized lowercase n on products from the mid 1990s to early mid 2000s NVIDIA Logo Guidelines at a Glance PDF nvidia com Nvidia Archived PDF from the original on October 9 2022 Retrieved March 21 2018 Though unofficial second letter capitalization of NVIDIA i e nVidia may be found within enthusiast communities and publications Morgan Timothy Prickett Microsoft nVidia tag team on HPC www theregister com Retrieved March 12 2022 References Edit US SEC Form 10 K Nvidia Corporation U S Securities and Exchange Commission February 24 2023 NVIDIA Corporation Investor Resources FAQs investor nvidia com Enderle Rob January 18 2022 Why NVIDIA Has Become a Leader in the AI Market Datamation Retrieved April 11 2022 Goldman Sharon February 23 2023 How Nvidia dominated AI and plans to keep it that way as generative AI explodes VentureBeat a b Smith Ryan Quadro No More NVIDIA Announces Ampere based RTX A6000 amp A40 Video Cards For Pro Visualization www anandtech com Retrieved March 10 2021 NVIDIA Doesn t Want Cryptocurrency Miners to Buy Its Gaming GPUs MSN Retrieved April 5 2021 a b Kirk David Hwu Wen Mei 2017 Programming Massively Parallel Processors Third ed Elsevier p 345 ISBN 978 0 12 811986 0 Clark Don August 4 2011 J P Morgan Shows Benefits from Chip Change WSJ Digits Blog Retrieved September 14 2011 Top500 Supercomputing Sites Top500 Retrieved September 14 2011 Burns Chris August 3 2011 2011 The Year of Nvidia dominating Android Superphones and tablets SlashGear Retrieved September 14 2011 Tegra Super Tablets Nvidia Retrieved September 14 2011 Tegra Super Phones Nvidia Retrieved September 14 2011 Jennewine Trevor January 15 2021 Why Intel s Competitive Edge Is Crumbling The Motley Fool Retrieved April 16 2021 Neiger Chris January 26 2021 Better Buy NVIDIA vs Qualcomm The Motley Fool Retrieved April 16 2021 NVIDIA Maxine Nvidia Corporation October 2020 Retrieved April 6 2023 Lyons Kim September 13 2020 Nvidia is acquiring Arm for 40 billion The Verge Retrieved September 15 2020 Walters Richard February 7 2022 SoftBank s 66bn sale of chip group Arm to Nvidia collapses Financial Times Archived from the original on December 10 2022 Retrieved February 8 2022 Company Info Nvidia com Retrieved November 9 2010 Jensen Huang Executive Profile amp Biography Bloomberg News Retrieved June 21 2018 Articles of Incorporation of Nvidia Corporation California Secretary of State Retrieved October 23 2019 via California Secretary of State Business Database NVIDIA Company History Innovations Over the Years NVIDIA Retrieved April 17 2021 NVIDIA Corporation History Headquarters amp Facts Encyclopedia Britannica Retrieved April 17 2021 Tilley Aaron November 30 2016 The New Intel How Nvidia Went From Powering Video Games To Revolutionizing Artificial Intelligence Forbes Retrieved March 14 2023 This article was written by a Forbes staff member and was published in the December 19 2016 issue of Forbes magazine a b c d e f g Nusca Andrew November 16 2017 This Man Is Leading an AI Revolution in Silicon Valley And He s Just Getting Started Fortune Archived from the original on November 16 2017 Retrieved November 28 2017 Williams Elisa April 15 2002 Crying wolf Forbes Retrieved February 11 2017 Huang a chip designer at AMD and LSI Logic co founded the company in 1993 with 20 million from Sequoia Capital and others Feinstein Ken January 22 1999 Nvidia Goes Public gamecenter co Archived from the original on October 12 1999 Retrieved July 13 2019 Takahashi Dean January 25 1999 Shares of Nvidia Surge 64 After Initial Public Offering The Wall Street Journal Retrieved July 13 2019 NVIDIA Corporation Announces Initial Public Offering of 3 500 000 Shares of Common Stock nvidia com January 22 1999 Retrieved July 13 2019 Perez Derek Hara Michael December 15 2000 NVIDIA to Acquire 3dfx Core Graphics Assets Press release Santa Clara CA Retrieved January 23 2017 Leupp Alex Sellers Scott December 15 2000 3dfx Announces Three Major Initiatives To Protect Creditors and Maximize Shareholder Value Press release San Jose CA Archived from the original on February 5 2001 Retrieved January 23 2017 Board of Directors Initiates Cost Cutting Measures Recommends to Shareholders Sale of Company Assets to NVIDIA Corporation for 112 million and Dissolution of Company Kanellos Michael April 11 2002 NNvidia buys out 3dfx graphics chip business CNET Retrieved January 23 2017 Becker David Nvidia buys out Exluna News cnet com Retrieved November 9 2010 NVIDIA Completes Purchase of MediaQ Press Release NVIDIA Corporation August 21 2003 Archived from the original on January 9 2014 Retrieved August 21 2016 NVIDIA Announces Acquisition of iReady Press Release NVIDIA Corporation April 22 2004 Retrieved August 21 2016 NVIDIA to Acquire ULi Electronics a Leading Developer of Core Logic Technology Press Release NVIDIA Corporation December 14 2005 Retrieved August 21 2016 Smith Tony March 22 2006 Nvidia acquires Hybrid Graphics Middleware purchase Hardware The Register Archived from the original on January 16 2013 Retrieved August 21 2016 Krazit Tom McCarthy Caroline December 1 2006 Justice Dept subpoenas AMD Nvidia New York Times Archived from the original on December 8 2006 Brian Caulfield January 7 2008 Shoot to Kill Forbes Retrieved December 26 2007 Nvidia acquires PortalPlayer Press Release NVIDIA Corporation January 5 2007 Retrieved August 21 2016 Nvidia to acquire Ageia for the PhysX chip CNET Retrieved May 26 2017 Did NVIDIA cripple its CPU gaming physics library to spite Intel Ars Technica July 9 2010 Retrieved May 26 2017 Nvidia GPU Class Action Settlement Offers Repairs New Laptops PC Magazine Retrieved May 26 2017 Update Nvidia Says Older Mobile GPUs Chipsets Failing ExtremeTech Retrieved May 26 2017 Intel agrees to pay NVIDIA 1 5b in patent license fees signs cross license Engadget Retrieved May 26 2017 Nvidia Tegra 3 what you need to know Techradar November 9 2011 Retrieved May 26 2017 Nvidia Quad Core Mobile Processors Coming in August PC World Retrieved February 15 2011 Cambridge coup as Icera goes to Nvidia for 225m Business Weekly May 9 2011 Retrieved May 10 2011 Nvidia announces Project Shield handheld gaming system with 5 inch multitouch display available in Q2 of this year The Verge January 7 2013 Retrieved May 26 2017 NVIDIA Pushes Further into HPC With Portland Group Acquisition insideHPC insideHPC July 29 2013 Retrieved August 25 2017 Machkovech Sam May 12 2014 Half Life 2 Portal see first ever Android ports on Nvidia Shield Ars Technica Retrieved July 8 2022 Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang weighs in on the metaverse blockchain and chip shortage VentureBeat June 12 2021 Retrieved July 8 2022 Team Trefis December 31 2014 Nvidia s Performance In 2014 Factors That Are Driving Growth Forbes Retrieved October 7 2020 Nvidia s new graphics cards are a big deal The Verge May 7 2016 Retrieved May 26 2017 Mark Walton May 7 2016 Nvidia s GTX 1080 and GTX 1070 revealed Faster than Titan X at half the price Ars Technica Joel Hruska May 10 2016 Nvidia s Ansel VR Funhouse apps will enhance screenshots showcase company s VR technology ExtremeTech Crider Michael October 5 2017 What Are NVIDIA MAX Q Laptops How To Geek Retrieved December 18 2017 Smith Ryan Update NVIDIA GeForce GTX 970 Settlement Claims Website Now Open Anandtech Purch Inc Retrieved November 15 2016 Alexandria Sage May 10 2017 Nvidia says Toyota will use its AI technology for self driving cars Reuters Nvidia and Baidu join forces in far reaching AI partnership Newsroom NVIDIA NVIDIA TITAN V Transforms the PC into AI Supercomputer NVIDIA Newsroom Newsroom Introducing NVIDIA TITAN V The World s Most Powerful PC Graphics Card 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and Mac Pro mid 2012 Apple Inc Nvidia to acquire Mellanox Technologies for about 7 billion in cash www cnbc com March 11 2019 Retrieved March 11 2019 Byford Sam May 27 2019 Nvidia announces RTX Studio laptops aimed at creators The Verge Retrieved May 27 2019 Minecraft with RTX The World s Best Selling Videogame Is Adding Ray Tracing www nvidia com Retrieved April 25 2020 NVIDIA s top scientist develops open source ventilator that can be built with 400 in readily available parts TechCrunch May 2020 Retrieved May 1 2020 NVIDIA s New Ampere Data Center GPU in Full Production NVIDIA Newsroom NVIDIA A100 NVIDIA Massoudi Arash Bradshaw Tim Fontanella Khan James July 31 2020 Nvidia in talks to buy Arm from SoftBank for more than 32bn Financial Times Archived from the original on December 10 2022 Retrieved July 3 2020 NVIDIA Delivers Greatest Ever Generational Leap with GeForce RTX 30 Series GPUs Press release NVIDIA September 1 2020 Retrieved August 5 2021 a href Template Cite press release html title Template Cite press release cite press release a CS1 maint url status link GeForce RTX 30 Series Graphics Cards The Ultimate Play NVIDIA September 1 2020 Retrieved August 5 2021 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint url status link Moorhead Patrick It s Official NVIDIA Acquires Arm For 40B To Create What Could Be A Computing Juggernaut Forbes Retrieved September 14 2020 Rosoff Matt September 13 2020 Nvidia to buy Arm Holdings from SoftBank for 40 billion CNBC Retrieved September 13 2020 Arash Massoudi Robert Smith James Fontanella Khan September 12 2020 SoftBank set to sell UK s Arm Holdings to Nvidia for 40bn Financial Times Archived from the original on December 10 2022 Retrieved September 12 2020 NVIDIA to Acquire Arm for 40 Billion Creating World s Premier Computing Company for the Age of AI NVIDIA Press release September 13 2020 Retrieved November 21 2020 Sam Shead October 5 2020 Nvidia pledges to build Britain s largest supercomputer following 40 billion bid for Arm CNBC Retrieved October 5 2020 Browne Ryan August 20 2021 Nvidia s 40 billion Arm takeover warrants an in depth competition probe UK regulator says CNBC Retrieved August 20 2021 Wall Robert February 8 2022 Nvidia SoftBank Call Off Blockbuster Arm Deal The Wall Street Journal Archived from the original on February 8 2022 Retrieved February 8 2022 Porter Jon Clark Mitchell October 27 2021 EU opens formal investigation into Nvidia s Arm acquisition The Verge Retrieved October 28 2021 Chee Foo Yun October 27 2021 Setback for Nvidia s 54 bln ARM bid as EU regulators open probe Reuters Retrieved October 28 2021 Titcomb James February 25 2022 US microchip powerhouse Nvidia hit by cyber attack The Telegraph ISSN 0307 1235 Retrieved February 25 2022 Nvidia Considering Intel as a Foundry to Manufacture its GPUs February 24 2022 Retrieved February 24 2022 Tech Giant NVIDIA to Open Research Center in Armenia Asbarez April 7 2022 Retrieved April 7 2022 Holt Kris September 20 2022 NVIDIA reveals its next gen chipset for autonomous vehicles Engadget CORPORATION NVIDIA September 20 2022 NVIDIA Unveils DRIVE Thor Centralized Car Computer Unifying Cluster Infotainment Automated Driving and Parking in a Single Cost Saving System GlobeNewswire News Room Press release Retrieved September 20 2022 Lee Jane Lanhee November 7 2022 Exclusive Nvidia offers new advanced chip for China that meets U S export controls Reuters a b NVIDIA Corporation Financial Info Annual Reports and Proxies investor nvidia com Retrieved November 18 2018 Armental Maria August 19 2020 Nvidia Posts Record Sales as Pandemic Sustains Demand for Gaming Data Center Chips The Wall Street Journal Retrieved August 20 2020 a b GPU Technology Conference GPU Technology Conference Retrieved September 7 2021 Company History NVIDIA www nvidia com Retrieved September 7 2021 Deep Learning and GPU Programming Workshops at GTC 2021 NVIDIA Retrieved September 7 2021 Deep Learning and GPU 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Supporting Linux The Verge June 17 2012 Retrieved July 9 2013 X org distributors and proprietary modules Linux Weekly News Eklektix August 14 2006 Retrieved November 3 2008 An overview of graphic card manufacturers and how well they work with Ubuntu Ubuntu Gamer January 10 2011 Article by Luke Benstead Unix Drivers Retrieved August 6 2015 Kevin Parrish October 3 2013 Nvidia Removed Linux Driver Feature Due to Windows Tom s Hardware Retrieved August 6 2015 NVIDIA Begins Requiring Signed GPU Firmware Images slashdot 2014 09 27 Linux Firmware Adds Signed NVIDIA Firmware Binaries For Turing s Type C Controller phoronix 2019 02 13 The Open Source NVIDIA Nouveau Driver Gets A Batch Of Fixes For Linux 5 3 phoronix 2019 07 19 NVIDIA Releases Open Source GPU Kernel Modules May 11 2022 NVIDIA Transitioning to Official Open Source Linux GPU Kernel Driver NVIDIA Linux Open GPU Kernel Module Source GitHub May 17 2022 Nvidia s Self Driving Vehicle Approach from Tesla to DHL to Mercedes CleanTechnica 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April 19 2017 Nvidia to Power Fujitsu s New Deep Learning System at RIKEN insideHPC March 5 2017 Tilley Aaron February 9 2017 Nvidia Beats Earnings Estimates As Its Artificial Intelligence Business Keeps On Booming Forbes Retrieved January 27 2021 Robot see robot do Nvidia system lets robots learn by watching humans New Atlas May 23 2018 Better Than 8K Resolution NVIDIA Inception Displays Global AI Startup Ecosystem The Official NVIDIA Blog August 2 2021 Retrieved September 10 2021 Dean Takahashi March 28 2018 Nvidia s Inception AI contest awards 1 million to 3 top startups Venture Beat Retrieved September 6 2018 Six Startups Split 1 5 Million in Cash in AI startup competition The Official NVIDIA Blog May 10 2017 Retrieved March 28 2018 NVIDIA Discloses Full Memory Structure and Limitations of GTX 970 PCPer January 26 2015 GeForce GTX 970 Memory Issue Fully Explained Nvidia s Response WCFTech January 24 2015 Why Nvidia s GTX 970 slows down when using more than 3 5GB VRAM PCGamer January 26 2015 GeForce GTX 970 Correcting The Specs amp Exploring Memory Allocation AnandTech NVIDIA Working on New Driver For GeForce GTX 970 To Tune Memory Allocation Problems and Improve Performance WCFTech January 28 2015 NVIDIA clarifies no driver update for GTX 970 specifically PC World January 29 2015 NVIDIA Plans Driver Update for GTX 970 Memory Issue Help with Returns pcper com January 28 2015 Nvidia CEO addresses GTX 970 controversy PCGamer February 26 2015 a b Chalk Andy February 22 2015 Nvidia faces false advertising lawsuit over GTX 970 specs PC Gamer Retrieved March 27 2015 Niccolai James February 20 2015 Nvidia hit with false advertising suit over GTX 970 performance PC World Retrieved March 27 2015 a b c Ryan Smith Diving Deeper The Maxwell 2 Memory Crossbar amp ROP Partitions GeForce GTX 970 Correcting The Specs amp Exploring Memory Allocation anandtech com Nvidia settles class action lawsuit Top Class Actions July 27 2016 Retrieved July 27 2016 a b Key DX12 Features 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the FinFET Generation AnandTech p 9 Retrieved July 21 2016 Nvidia gets anti competitive with unsavory GeForce Partner Program March 12 2018 Bennett Kyle March 8 2018 GeForce Partner Program Impacts Consumer Choice HardOcP Archived from the original on July 12 2019 GeForce Partner Program Helps Gamers Know What They re Buying NVIDIA Blog The Official NVIDIA Blog March 1 2018 Retrieved April 10 2018 Killian Zak May 4 2018 Nvidia puts the kibosh on the GeForce Partner Program Tech Report Retrieved May 4 2018 Miller Chris December 12 2020 Nvidia Under Fire For Banning Review Site That Doesn t Focus On Nvidia Hardware Strengths Happy Gamer HappyGamer Retrieved December 13 2020 Hardware Unboxed VS NVIDIA a Masterpiece of Bad Marketing Pangoly December 13 2020 Retrieved December 17 2020 Nvidia have officially decided to ban us from receiving GeForce Founders Edition GPU review samples Twitter Retrieved December 13 2020 a b Lal Arjun Krishna Franco Julio December 12 2020 The ugly side of Nvidia A rollercoaster ride that shows when Big Tech doesn t get it TechSpot Retrieved December 13 2020 a b Alderson Alex December 13 2020 NVIDIA u turns on its decision to block Hardware Unboxed from receiving GPU review units Notebookcheck Retrieved December 13 2020 Nvidia puts pressure on the hardware press HardwareHeaven com December 14 2020 Retrieved December 15 2020 Kokhanyuk Stanislav December 13 2020 I believe in ray tracing but I do not believe in Nvidia s RTX 3000 series GPUs Notebookcheck Retrieved December 13 2020 NVIDIA might ACTUALLY be EVIL WAN Show December 11 2020 YouTube December 11 2020 Archived from the original on December 11 2021 I have something else to say about NVIDIA s latest decision to shoot both its feet They ve now made it so that any reviewers covering RT will become subject to scrutiny from untrusting viewers who will suspect subversion by the company Shortsighted self own from NVIDIA Twitter December 11 2020 Retrieved December 13 2020 Farrell Nick December 14 2020 Nvidia retreats from PR disaster fudzilla com Retrieved December 14 2020 Nvidia issues an Apology for Backlisting Hardware Unboxed as their Reviewer Appuals com December 15 2020 Retrieved December 16 2020 I just received an email from Nvidia apologizing for the previous email amp they ve now walked everything back Twitter December 12 2020 Retrieved December 13 2020 Hardware Unboxed Nvidia Bans Hardware Unboxed Then Backpedals Our Thoughts YouTube Archived from the original on December 11 2021 Retrieved December 14 2020 Hardware Unboxed December 14 2020 Twitter Bryan Del Rizzo from Nvidia has reached out a second time to apologize and asked us to share this with you Stanley Donny December 15 2020 NVIDIA Apologizes For Email Blacklisting Reviewer Retracts Original Statements AdoredTV Retrieved December 22 2020 Prentice Chris Singh Kanishka May 6 2022 Nvidia to pay 5 5 million penalty for inadequate disclosures about cryptomining Reuters Retrieved May 7 2022 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nvidia Official website Nvidia Developer website Business data for Nvidia BloombergGoogleReutersSEC filingsYahoo Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Nvidia amp oldid 1163968753, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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