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Wikipedia

Nvidia

April 09, 2024

Nvidia Corporation[a][b] (/ɛnˈvɪdiə/, en-VID-ee-ə) is an American multinational corporation and technology company headquartered in Santa Clara, California, and incorporated in Delaware.[5] It is a software and fabless company which designs and supplies graphics processing units (GPUs), application programming interfaces (APIs) for data science and high-performance computing as well as system on a chip units (SoCs) for the mobile computing and automotive market. Nvidia is also a dominant supplier of artificial intelligence (AI) hardware and software.[6][7][8]

Nvidia Corporation
Headquarters in Santa Clara, California in 2023
NVIDIA
Company typePublic
Industry
FoundedApril 5, 1993; 31 years ago (1993-04-05) in Sunnyvale, California, U.S.
Founders
Headquarters
Santa Clara, California
,
U.S.
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
  • Jensen Huang (President and CEO)
  • Bill Dally (Chief scientist)
Products
Revenue US$60.92 billion (FY 2024)
US$32.97 billion (FY 2024)
US$29.76 billion (FY 2024)
Total assets US$65.73 billion (FY 2024)
Total equity US$42.98 billion (FY 2024)
Number of employees
29,600 (FY 2024)
Subsidiaries
Websitenvidia.com
Footnotes / references
[1][2]

Nvidia's professional line of GPUs are used for edge-to-cloud computing and in supercomputers and workstations for applications in such fields as architecture, engineering and construction, media and entertainment, automotive, scientific research, and manufacturing design.[9] Its GeForce line of GPUs are aimed at the consumer market and are used in applications such as video editing, 3D rendering and PC gaming. In the second quarter of 2023, Nvidia had a market share of 80.2% in the discrete desktop GPU market.[10] The company expanded its presence in the gaming industry with the introduction of the Shield Portable (a handheld game console), Shield Tablet (a gaming tablet) and Shield TV (a digital media player), as well as its cloud gaming service GeForce Now.[11]

In addition to GPU design and manufacturing, Nvidia provides the CUDA software platform and API that allows the creation of massively parallel programs which utilize GPUs.[12][13] They are deployed in supercomputing sites around the world.[14][15] In the late 2000s, Nvidia had moved into the mobile computing market, where it produces Tegra mobile processors for smartphones and tablets as well as vehicle navigation and entertainment systems.[16][17][18] Its competitors include AMD, Intel,[19] Qualcomm[20] and AI accelerator companies such as Cerebras and Graphcore. It also makes AI-powered software for audio and video processing, e.g. Nvidia Maxine.[21]

Nvidia's offer to acquire Arm from SoftBank in September 2020 failed to materialize following extended regulatory scrutiny, leading to the termination of the deal in February 2022 in what would have been the largest semiconductor acquisition.[22][23] In 2023, Nvidia became the seventh public U.S. company to be valued at over $1 trillion,[24] and, as of March 2024, it is the third most-valuable publicly traded company based in the United States after Microsoft and Apple, with a market capitalization of $2.3 trillion.[25]

History edit

Founding edit

 
The Denny's roadside diner in East San Jose, c. 2023, where Nvidia's three co-founders agreed to start the company in 1993
 
Aerial view of Endeavor, the first of the two new Nvidia headquarters buildings, in Santa Clara, California, in 2017. Apple Park is visible in the distance.
 
Entrance of Endeavor headquarters building in 2018

Nvidia was founded on April 5, 1993,[26][27][28] by Jensen Huang (CEO as of 2024), a Taiwanese-American electrical engineer who was previously the director of CoreWare at LSI Logic and a microprocessor designer at AMD; Chris Malachowsky, an engineer who worked at Sun Microsystems; and Curtis Priem, who was previously a senior staff engineer and graphics chip designer at IBM and Sun Microsystems.[29][30] The three men founded the company in a meeting at a Denny's roadside diner in East San Jose (just off Interstate 680 at the Berryessa Road interchange).[31][32]

In 1993, the three co-founders envisioned that the ideal trajectory for the forthcoming wave of computing would be in the realm of accelerated computing, specifically in graphics-based processing. This path was chosen due to its unique ability to tackle challenges that eluded general-purpose computing methods.[33] They also observed that video games were simultaneously one of the most computationally challenging problems and would have incredibly high sales volume; the two conditions do not happen very often.[33] Video games became the company's flywheel to reach large markets and fund huge R&D to solve massive computational problems.[33] With $40,000 in the bank, the company was born.[33] The company subsequently received $20 million of venture capital funding from Sequoia Capital and others.[34]

Nvidia initially had no name and the co-founders named all their files NV, as in "next version".[33] The need to incorporate the company prompted the co-founders to review all words with those two letters, leading them to "invidia", the Latin word for "envy".[33] The company's original headquarters office was in Sunnyvale, California.[33]

First graphics accelerator edit

Nvidia's first graphics accelerator product, the NV1, was optimized for processing quadratic primitives instead of the triangle primitives preferred by its competitors.[32] Then Microsoft introduced the DirectX platform, refused to support any other graphics software,[35] and also announced that its graphics software (Direct3D) would support only triangles.[32] In 1996, Huang laid off more than half of Nvidia's employees—then around 100—and focused the company's remaining resources on developing a graphics accelerator product optimized for processing triangle primitives: the RIVA 128.[32][35] By the time the RIVA 128 was released in August 1997, Nvidia was down to about 40 employees[31] and only had enough money left for about one month of payroll.[32] The sense of desperation around Nvidia during this difficult era of its early history gave rise to "the unofficial company motto": "Our company is thirty days from going out of business".[32] Nvidia sold about a million RIVA 128s in about four months[32] and used the revenue to develop its next generation of products.[35] In 1998, the release of the RIVA TNT solidified Nvidia's reputation for developing capable graphics adapters.

Public company edit

Nvidia went public on January 22, 1999.[36][37][38]

In late 1999, Nvidia released the GeForce 256 (NV10), its first product expressly marketed as a GPU, which was most notable for introducing onboard transformation and lighting (T&L) to consumer-level 3D hardware. Running at 120 MHz and featuring four-pixel pipelines, it implemented advanced video acceleration, motion compensation, and hardware sub-picture alpha blending. The GeForce outperformed existing products by a wide margin.

Due to the success of its products, Nvidia won the contract to develop the graphics hardware for Microsoft's Xbox game console, which earned Nvidia a $200 million advance. However, the project took many of its best engineers away from other projects. In the short term this did not matter, and the GeForce2 GTS shipped in the summer of 2000. In December 2000, Nvidia reached an agreement to acquire the intellectual assets of its one-time rival 3dfx, a pioneer in consumer 3D graphics technology leading the field from the mid-1990s until 2000.[39][40] The acquisition process was finalized in April 2002.[41]

In 2001, Standard & Poor's selected Nvidia to replace the departing Enron in the S&P 500 stock index, meaning that index funds would need to hold Nvidia shares going forward.[42]

In July 2002, Nvidia acquired Exluna for an undisclosed sum. Exluna made software-rendering tools and the personnel were merged into the Cg project.[43] In August 2003, Nvidia acquired MediaQ for approximately US$70 million.[44] On April 22, 2004, Nvidia acquired iReady, also a provider of high-performance TCP/IP and iSCSI offload solutions.[buzzword][45] In December 2004, it was announced that Nvidia would assist Sony with the design of the graphics processor (RSX) in the PlayStation 3 game console. On December 14, 2005, Nvidia acquired ULI Electronics, which at the time supplied third-party southbridge parts for chipsets to ATI, Nvidia's competitor.[46] In March 2006, Nvidia acquired Hybrid Graphics.[47] In December 2006, Nvidia, along with its main rival in the graphics industry AMD (which had acquired ATI), received subpoenas from the U.S. Department of Justice regarding possible antitrust violations in the graphics card industry.[48]

2007–2014 edit

Forbes named Nvidia its Company of the Year for 2007, citing the accomplishments it made during the said period as well as during the previous five years.[49] On January 5, 2007, Nvidia announced that it had completed the acquisition of PortalPlayer, Inc.[50] In February 2008, Nvidia acquired Ageia, developer of PhysX, a physics engine and physics processing unit. Nvidia announced that it planned to integrate the PhysX technology into its future GPU products.[51][52]

In July 2008, Nvidia took a write-down of approximately $200 million on its first-quarter revenue, after reporting that certain mobile chipsets and GPUs produced by the company had "abnormal failure rates" due to manufacturing defects. Nvidia, however, did not reveal the affected products. In September 2008, Nvidia became the subject of a class action lawsuit over the defects, claiming that the faulty GPUs had been incorporated into certain laptop models manufactured by Apple Inc., Dell, and HP. In September 2010, Nvidia reached a settlement, in which it would reimburse owners of the affected laptops for repairs or, in some cases, replacement.[53][54] On January 10, 2011, Nvidia signed a six-year, $1.5 billion cross-licensing agreement with Intel, ending all litigation between the two companies.[55]

In November 2011, after initially unveiling it at Mobile World Congress, Nvidia released its Tegra 3 ARM system on a chip for mobile devices. Nvidia claimed that the chip featured the first-ever quad-core mobile CPU.[56][57] In May 2011, it was announced that Nvidia had agreed to acquire Icera, a baseband chip making company in the UK, for $367 million.[58] In January 2013, Nvidia unveiled the Tegra 4, as well as the Nvidia Shield, an Android-based handheld game console powered by the new system on a chip.[59] On July 29, 2013, Nvidia announced that they acquired PGI from STMicroelectronics.[60]

In February 2013, Nvidia announced its plans to build a new headquarters in the form of two giant triangle-shaped buildings on the other side of San Tomas Expressway (to the west of its existing headquarters complex). The company selected triangles as its design theme. As Huang explained in a blog post, the triangle is "the fundamental building block of computer graphics".[61]

In 2014, Nvidia ported the Valve games Portal and Half Life 2 to its Nvidia Shield tablet as Lightspeed Studio.[62][63] Since 2014, Nvidia has diversified its business focusing on three markets: gaming, automotive electronics, and mobile devices.[64]

2016–2018 edit

 
Nvidia Titan X, part of the GeForce 10 series

On May 6, 2016, Nvidia unveiled the first GPUs of the GeForce 10 series, the GTX 1080 and 1070, based on the company's new Pascal microarchitecture. Nvidia claimed that both models outperformed its Maxwell-based Titan X model; the models incorporate GDDR5X and GDDR5 memory respectively, and use a 16 nm manufacturing process. The architecture also supports a new hardware feature known as simultaneous multi-projection (SMP), which is designed to improve the quality of multi-monitor and virtual reality rendering.[65][66][67] Laptops that include these GPUs and are sufficiently thin – as of late 2017, under 0.8 inches (20 mm) – have been designated as meeting Nvidia's "Max-Q" design standard.[68]

In July 2016, Nvidia agreed to a settlement for a false advertising lawsuit regarding its GTX 970 model, as the models were unable to use all of their advertised 4 GB of RAM due to limitations brought by the design of its hardware.[69] In May 2017, Nvidia announced a partnership with Toyota which will use Nvidia's Drive PX-series artificial intelligence platform for its autonomous vehicles.[70] In July 2017, Nvidia and Chinese search giant Baidu announced a far-reaching AI partnership that includes cloud computing, autonomous driving, consumer devices, and Baidu's open-source AI framework PaddlePaddle. Baidu unveiled that Nvidia's Drive PX 2 AI will be the foundation of its autonomous-vehicle platform.[71]

Nvidia officially released the Titan V on December 7, 2017.[72][73]

Nvidia officially released the Nvidia Quadro GV100 on March 27, 2018.[74] Nvidia officially released the RTX 2080 GPUs on September 27, 2018. In 2018, Google announced that Nvidia's Tesla P4 graphic cards would be integrated into Google Cloud service's artificial intelligence.[75]

In May 2018, on the Nvidia user forum, a thread was started[76] asking the company to update users when they would release web drivers for its cards installed on legacy Mac Pro machines up to mid-2012 5,1 running the macOS Mojave operating system 10.14. Web drivers are required to enable graphics acceleration and multiple display monitor capabilities of the GPU. On its Mojave update info website, Apple stated that macOS Mojave would run on legacy machines with 'Metal compatible' graphics cards[77] and listed Metal compatible GPUs, including some manufactured by Nvidia.[78] However, this list did not include Metal compatible cards that currently work in macOS High Sierra using Nvidia-developed web drivers. In September, Nvidia responded, "Apple fully controls drivers for macOS. But if Apple allows, our engineers are ready and eager to help Apple deliver great drivers for macOS 10.14 (Mojave)."[79] In October, Nvidia followed this up with another public announcement, "Apple fully controls drivers for macOS. Unfortunately, Nvidia currently cannot release a driver unless it is approved by Apple,"[80] suggesting a possible rift between the two companies.[81] By January 2019, with still no sign of the enabling web drivers, Apple Insider weighed into the controversy with a claim that Apple management "doesn't want Nvidia support in macOS".[82] The following month, Apple Insider followed this up with another claim that Nvidia support was abandoned because of "relational issues in the past",[83] and that Apple was developing its own GPU technology.[84] Without Apple-approved Nvidia web drivers, Apple users are faced with replacing their Nvidia cards with a competing supported brand, such as AMD Radeon from the list recommended by Apple.[85]

2019–acquisition of Mellanox Technologies edit

See also: Mellanox Technologies
 
Nvidia Yokneam office (former Mellanox Technologies) in Yokneam Illit, Israel, March 2023

On March 11, 2019, Nvidia announced a deal to buy Mellanox Technologies for $6.9 billion[86] to substantially expand its footprint in the high-performance computing market. In May 2019, Nvidia announced new RTX Studio laptops. The creators say that the new laptop is going to be seven times faster than a top-end MacBook Pro with a Core i9 and AMD's Radeon Pro Vega 20 graphics in apps like Maya and RedCine-X Pro.[87] In August 2019, Nvidia announced Minecraft RTX, an official Nvidia-developed patch for the game Minecraft adding real-time DXR ray tracing exclusively to the Windows 10 version of the game. The whole game is, in Nvidia's words, "refit" with path tracing, which dramatically affects the way light, reflections, and shadows work inside the engine.[88]

2020–2023 edit

In May 2020, Nvidia's developed an open-source ventilator to address the shortage resulting from the global coronavirus pandemic.[89] On May 14, 2020, Nvidia officially announced their Ampere GPU microarchitecture and the Nvidia A100 GPU accelerator.[90][91] In July 2020, it was reported that Nvidia was in talks with SoftBank to buy Arm, a UK-based chip designer, for $32 billion.[92]

On September 1, 2020, Nvidia officially announced the GeForce 30 series based on the company's new Ampere microarchitecture.[93][94]

On September 13, 2020, it was announced that Nvidia would buy Arm from SoftBank Group for $40 billion, subject to the usual scrutiny, with the latter retaining a 10% share of Nvidia.[95][96][97][98]

In October 2020, Nvidia announced its plan to build the most powerful computer in Cambridge, England. The computer, called Cambridge-1, launched in July 2021 with a $100 million investment and will employ AI to support healthcare research.[99][100] According to Jensen Huang, "The Cambridge-1 supercomputer will serve as a hub of innovation for the UK, and further the groundbreaking work being done by the nation's researchers in critical healthcare and drug discovery."[101]

Also in October 2020, along with the release of the Nvidia RTX A6000, Nvidia announced it is retiring its workstation GPU brand Quadro, shifting its product name to Nvidia RTX for future products and the manufacturing to be Nvidia Ampere architecture-based.[9]

In August 2021, the proposed takeover of Arm was stalled after the UK's Competition and Markets Authority raised "significant competition concerns".[102] In October 2021, the European Commission opened a competition investigation into the takeover. The Commission stated that Nvidia's acquisition could restrict competitors' access to Arm's products and provide Nvidia with too much internal information on its competitors due to their deals with Arm. SoftBank (the parent company of Arm) and Nvidia announced in early February 2022 that they "had agreed not to move forward with the transaction 'because of significant regulatory challenges'".[103] The investigation is set to end on March 15, 2022.[104][105] That same month, Nvidia was reportedly compromised by a cyberattack.[106]

In March 2022, Nvidia's CEO Jensen Huang mentioned that they are open to having Intel manufacture their chips in the future.[107] This was the first time the company mentioned that they would work together with Intel's upcoming foundry services.

In April 2022, it was reported that Nvidia planned to open a new research center in Yerevan, Armenia.[108]

In May 2022, Nvidia opened Voyager, the second of the two giant buildings at its new headquarters complex to the west of the old one. Unlike its smaller and older sibling Endeavor, the triangle theming is used more "sparingly" in Voyager.[109][110]

In September 2022, Nvidia announced its next-generation automotive-grade chip, Drive Thor.[111][112]

Following U.S. Department of Commerce regulations which placed an embargo on exports to China of advanced microchips, which went into effect in October 2022, Nvidia saw its data center chip added to the export control list. The next month, the company unveiled a new advanced chip in China, called the A800 GPU, that met the export control rules.[113]

In September 2023, Getty Images announced that it was partnering with Nvidia to launch Generative AI by Getty Images, a new tool that lets people create images using Getty's library of licensed photos. Getty will use Nvidia's Edify model, which is available on Nvidia's generative AI model library Picasso.[114]

2023–present, passing the $1 trillion mark edit

On September 26, 2023, Denny's CEO Kelli Valade joined Huang in East San Jose to celebrate the founding of Nvidia at the Denny's on Berryessa Road, where a plaque was installed to mark the relevant corner booth as the birthplace of a $1 trillion company.[32][115] By then Nvidia's H100 GPUs were in such demand that even other tech giants were beholden to how Nvidia allocated supply. Larry Ellison of Oracle Corporation said that month that during a dinner with Huang, he and Elon Musk of Tesla, Inc. and xAI "were begging" for H100s, "I guess is the best way to describe it. An hour of sushi and begging".[116]

In October 2023, it was reported that Nvidia had quietly begun designing ARM-based central processing units (CPUs) for Microsoft's Windows operating system with a target to start selling them in 2025.[117]

In February 2024, it was reported that Nvidia was the "hot employer" in Silicon Valley, because it was offering interesting work and good pay at a time when other tech employers were downsizing. Half of Nvidia employees earned over $228,000 in 2023.[118]

On March 1, 2024, Nvidia became the third company in the history of the United States to close with a market capitalization in excess of $2 trillion.[42] Nvidia needed only 180 days to get to $2 trillion from $1 trillion, while the first two companies, Apple and Microsoft, each took over 500 days.[42] Nvidia recorded its highest market capitalization to date on March 8, 2024, with $2.38 trillion, just $230 billion behind Apple Inc. and $645 billion behind Microsoft.[119] On March 18, Nvidia announced its new AI chip and microarchitecture Blackwell, which is named after David Blackwell.[120]

Fabless manufacturing edit

Nvidia uses external suppliers for all phases of manufacturing, including wafer fabrication, assembly, testing, and packaging. Nvidia thus avoids most of the investment and production costs and risks associated with chip manufacturing, although it does sometimes directly procure some components and materials used in the production of its products (e.g. memory and substrates). Nvidia focuses its own resources on product design, quality assurance, marketing, and customer support.[121][122]

Corporate affairs edit

Sales by business unit (2023)[123]
Business unit Sales (billion $) Share
Compute & networking 47.4 77.8%
Other countries 13.5 22.2%
Sales by region (2023)[123]
Region Sales (billion $) Share
United States 27.0 44.3%
Taiwan 13.4 22.0%
China 10.3 16.9%
Other countries 10.2 16.8%

Leadership edit

Nvidia's key management as of early 2024 consists of:[124]

  • Jensen Huang, founder, president and chief executive officer
  • Chris Malachowsky, founder and NVIDIA fellow
  • Colette Kress, executive vice president and chief financial officer
  • Jay Puri, executive vice president of worldwide field operations
  • Debora Shoquist, executive vice president of operations
  • Tim Teter, executive vice president, general counsel and secretary

Board of directors edit

As of March 2024, Nvidias board consisted of the following directors:[125]

Finances edit

 
Nvidia stock price (1999–2023)
10-year financials (2014–2023)
Year Revenue
(mil. US$) 		Net income
(mil. US$) 		Employees
2014 4,682 631 6,384
2015 5,010 614 9,227
2016 6,910 1,666 10,299
2017 9,714 3,047 11,528
2018 11,716 4,141 13,277
2019 10,918 2,796 13,775
2020 16,675 4,332 18,975
2021 26,914 9,752 22,473
2022 26,974 4,368 26,000
2023 60,922 29,760 29,600

For the fiscal year 2020, Nvidia reported earnings of US$2.796 billion, with an annual revenue of US$10.918 billion, a decline of 6.8% over the previous fiscal cycle. Nvidia's shares traded at over $531 per share, and its market capitalization was valued at over US$328.7 billion in January 2021.[126]

For the Q2 of 2020, Nvidia reported sales of $3.87 billion, which was a 50% rise from the same period in 2019. The surge in sales and people's higher demand for computer technology. According to the financial chief of the company, Colette Kress, the effects of the pandemic will "likely reflect this evolution in enterprise workforce trends with a greater focus on technologies, such as Nvidia laptops and virtual workstations, that enable remote work and virtual collaboration."[127] In May 2023, Nvidia crossed $1 trillion in market valuation during trading hours,[128] and grew to $1.2 trillion by the following November.[129] For its strength, size and market capitalization, Nvidia has been selected to be one of Bloomberg's "Magnificent Seven", the seven biggest companies on the stock market in these regards.

Ownership edit

The 10 largest shareholders of Nvidia in early 2024 were:[123]

GPU Technology Conference edit

Main article: Nvidia GTC

Nvidia's GPU Technology Conference (GTC) is a series of technical conferences held around the world.[130] It originated in 2009 in San Jose, California, with an initial focus on the potential for solving computing challenges through GPUs.[131] In recent years, the conference focus has shifted to various applications of artificial intelligence and deep learning; including self-driving cars, healthcare, high-performance computing, and Nvidia Deep Learning Institute (DLI) training.[132] GTC 2018 attracted over 8400 attendees.[130] GTC 2020 was converted to a digital event and drew roughly 59,000 registrants.[133] After several years of remote-only events, GTC in March 2024 returned to an in-person format in San Jose, California.[134]

Product families edit

 
A Shield Tablet with its accompanying input pen (left) and gamepad

Nvidia's product families include graphics processing units, wireless communication devices, and automotive hardware and software, such as:

  • GeForce, consumer-oriented graphics processing products
  • Nvidia RTX, professional visual computing graphics processing products (replacing GTX and Quadro)
  • NVS, multi-display business graphics solution[buzzword]
  • Tegra, a system on a chip series for mobile devices
  • Tesla, dedicated general-purpose GPU for high-end image generation applications in professional and scientific fields
  • nForce, a motherboard chipset created by Nvidia for Intel (Celeron, Pentium and Core 2) and AMD (Athlon and Duron) microprocessors
  • Nvidia GRID, a set of hardware and services by Nvidia for graphics virtualization
  • Nvidia Shield, a range of gaming hardware including the Shield Portable, Shield Tablet and, most recently, the Shield Android TV
  • Nvidia Drive, a range of hardware and software products for designers and manufacturers of autonomous vehicles. The Drive PX-series is a high-performance computer platform aimed at autonomous driving through deep learning,[135] while Driveworks is an operating system for driverless cars.[136]
  • Nvidia BlueField, a range of data processing units, initially inherited from their acquisition of Mellanox Technologies[137][138]
  • Nvidia Datacenter/Server class CPU, codenamed Nvidia Grace, released in 2023[139][140]

Open-source software support edit

See also: Free and open-source graphics device driver, Mesa 3D, nouveau (software), and OpenPOWER Foundation

Until September 23, 2013, Nvidia had not published any documentation for its advanced hardware,[141] meaning that programmers could not write free and open-source device driver for its products without resorting to (clean room) reverse engineering.

Instead, Nvidia provides its own binary GeForce graphics drivers for X.Org and an open-source library that interfaces with the Linux, FreeBSD or Solaris kernels and the proprietary graphics software. Nvidia also provided but stopped supporting an obfuscated open-source driver that only supports two-dimensional hardware acceleration and ships with the X.Org distribution.[142]

The proprietary nature of Nvidia's drivers has generated dissatisfaction within free-software communities. In a 2012 talk, Linus Torvalds, in criticism of Nvidia's approach towards Linux, raised the finger and stated "Nvidia, fuck you."[143][144] Some Linux and BSD users insist on using only open-source drivers and regard Nvidia's insistence on providing nothing more than a binary-only driver as inadequate, given that competing manufacturers such as Intel offer support and documentation for open-source developers and that others (like AMD) release partial documentation and provide some active development.[145][146]

Because of the closed nature of the drivers, Nvidia video cards cannot deliver adequate features on some platforms and architectures, given that the company only provides x86/x64 and ARMv7-A driver builds.[147] As a result, support for 3D graphics acceleration in Linux on PowerPC does not exist, nor does support for Linux on the hypervisor-restricted PlayStation 3 console.[citation needed]

Some users claim that Nvidia's Linux drivers impose artificial restrictions, like limiting the number of monitors that can be used at the same time, but the company has not commented on these accusations.[148]

In 2014, with Maxwell GPUs, Nvidia started to require firmware by them to unlock all features of its graphics cards.[149][150][151]

On 12 May 2022, Nvidia announced that they are opensourcing their GPU kernel modules.[152][153][154] Support for Nvidia's firmware was implemented in nouveau in 2023, which allows proper power management and GPU reclocking for Turing and newer graphics cards.[155][156]

Deep learning edit

Nvidia GPUs are used in deep learning, and accelerated analytics due to Nvidia's CUDA software platform and API which allows programmers to utilize the higher number of cores present in GPUs to parallelize BLAS operations which are extensively used in machine learning algorithms.[13] They were included in many Tesla, Inc. vehicles before Musk announced at Tesla Autonomy Day in 2019 that the company developed its own SoC and full self-driving computer now and would stop using Nvidia hardware for their vehicles.[157][158] These GPUs are used by researchers, laboratories, tech companies and enterprise companies.[159] In 2009, Nvidia was involved in what was called the "big bang" of deep learning, "as deep-learning neural networks were combined with Nvidia graphics processing units (GPUs)".[160] That year, the Google Brain used Nvidia GPUs to create Deep Neural Networks capable of machine learning, where Andrew Ng determined that GPUs could increase the speed of deep-learning systems by about 100 times.[161]

DGX edit

Main article: Nvidia DGX

DGX is a line of supercomputers by Nvidia.

In April 2016, Nvidia produced the DGX-1 based on an 8 GPU cluster, to improve the ability of users to use deep learning by combining GPUs with integrated deep learning software.[162] Nvidia gifted its first DGX-1 to OpenAI in August 2016 to help it train larger and more complex AI models with the capability of reducing processing time from six days to two hours.[163][164] It also developed Nvidia Tesla K80 and P100 GPU-based virtual machines, which are available through Google Cloud, which Google installed in November 2016.[165] Microsoft added GPU servers in a preview offering of its N series based on Nvidia's Tesla K80s, each containing 4992 processing cores. Later that year, AWS's P2 instance was produced using up to 16 Nvidia Tesla K80 GPUs. That month Nvidia also partnered with IBM to create a software kit that boosts the AI capabilities of Watson,[166] called IBM PowerAI.[167][168] Nvidia also offers its own Nvidia Deep Learning software development kit.[169] In 2017, the GPUs were also brought online at the Riken Center for Advanced Intelligence Project for Fujitsu.[170] The company's deep learning technology led to a boost in its 2017 earnings.[171]

In May 2018, researchers at the artificial intelligence department of Nvidia realized the possibility that a robot can learn to perform a job simply by observing the person doing the same job. They have created a system that, after a short revision and testing, can already be used to control the universal robots of the next generation. In addition to GPU manufacturing, Nvidia provides parallel processing capabilities to researchers and scientists that allow them to efficiently run high-performance applications.[172]

Inception Program edit

Nvidia's Inception Program was created to support startups making exceptional advances in the fields of artificial intelligence and data science. Award winners are announced at Nvidia's GTC Conference. In May 2017, the program had 1,300 companies.[173] As of March 2018, there were 2,800 startups in the Inception Program.[174] As of August 2021, the program has surpassed 8,500 members in 90 countries, with cumulative funding of US$60 billion.[175]

Controversies edit

Maxwell advertising dispute edit

Main article: GeForce 900 series § Advertising controversy

GTX 970 hardware specifications edit

Issues with the GeForce GTX 970's specifications were first brought up by users when they found out that the cards, while featuring 4 GB of memory, rarely accessed memory over the 3.5 GB boundary. Further testing and investigation eventually led to Nvidia issuing a statement that the card's initially announced specifications had been altered without notice before the card was made commercially available, and that the card took a performance hit once memory over the 3.5 GB limit were put into use.[176][177][178]

The card's back-end hardware specifications, initially announced as being identical to those of the GeForce GTX 980, differed in the amount of L2 cache (1.75 MB versus 2 MB in the GeForce GTX 980) and the number of ROPs (56 versus 64 in the 980). Additionally, it was revealed that the card was designed to access its memory as a 3.5 GB section, plus a 0.5 GB one, access to the latter being 7 times slower than the first one.[179] The company then went on to promise a specific driver modification in order to alleviate the performance issues produced by the cutbacks suffered by the card.[180] However, Nvidia later clarified that the promise had been a miscommunication and there would be no specific driver update for the GTX 970.[181] Nvidia claimed that it would assist customers who wanted refunds in obtaining them.[182] On February 26, 2015, Nvidia CEO Jen-Hsun Huang went on record in Nvidia's official blog to apologize for the incident.[183] In February 2015 a class-action lawsuit alleging false advertising was filed against Nvidia and Gigabyte Technology in the U.S. District Court for Northern California.[184][185]

Nvidia revealed that it is able to disable individual units, each containing 256KB of L2 cache and 8 ROPs, without disabling whole memory controllers.[186] This comes at the cost of dividing the memory bus into high speed and low speed segments that cannot be accessed at the same time unless one segment is reading while the other segment is writing because the L2/ROP unit managing both of the GDDR5 controllers shares the read return channel and the write data bus between the two GDDR5 controllers and itself.[186] This is used in the GeForce GTX 970, which therefore can be described as having 3.5 GB in its high speed segment on a 224-bit bus and 0.5 GB in a low speed segment on a 32-bit bus.[186]

On July 27, 2016, Nvidia agreed to a preliminary settlement of the U.S. class action lawsuit,[184] offering a $30 refund on GTX 970 purchases. The agreed upon refund represents the portion of the cost of the storage and performance capabilities the consumers assumed they were obtaining when they purchased the card.[187]

GeForce Partner Program edit

Main article: GeForce Partner Program

The Nvidia GeForce Partner Program was a marketing program designed to provide partnering companies with benefits such as public relations support, video game bundling, and marketing development funds.[188] The program proved to be controversial, with complaints about it possibly being an anti-competitive practice.[189]

First announced in a blog post on March 1, 2018,[190] it was canceled on May 4, 2018.[191]

Hardware Unboxed controversy edit

On December 10, 2020, Nvidia told popular YouTube tech reviewer Steven Walton of Hardware Unboxed that it would no longer supply him with GeForce Founders Edition graphics card review units.[192][193] In a Twitter message, Hardware Unboxed said, "Nvidia have officially decided to ban us from receiving GeForce Founders Edition GPU review samples. Their reasoning is that we are focusing on rasterization instead of ray tracing. They have said they will revisit this 'should your editorial direction change.'"[194]

In emails that were disclosed by Walton from Nvidia Senior PR Manager Bryan Del Rizzo, Nvidia had said:

...your GPU reviews and recommendations have continued to focus singularly on rasterization performance, and you have largely discounted all of the other technologies we offer gamers. It is very clear from your community commentary that you do not see things the same way that we, gamers, and the rest of the industry do.[195]

TechSpot, partner site of Hardware Unboxed, said, "this and other related incidents raise serious questions around journalistic independence and what they are expecting of reviewers when they are sent products for an unbiased opinion."[195]

A number of prominent technology reviewers came out strongly against Nvidia's move.[196][197] Linus Sebastian, of Linus Tech Tips, titled the episode of his popular weekly WAN Show, "NVIDIA might ACTUALLY be EVIL..."[198] and was highly critical of the company's move to dictate specific outcomes of technology reviews.[199] The popular review site Gamers Nexus said it was, "Nvidia's latest decision to shoot both its feet: They've now made it so that any reviewers covering RT will become subject to scrutiny from untrusting viewers who will suspect subversion by the company. Shortsighted self-own from NVIDIA."[200]

Two days later, Nvidia reversed their stance.[201][202] Hardware Unboxed sent out a Twitter message, "I just received an email from Nvidia apologizing for the previous email & they've now walked everything back."[203][196] On December 14, Hardware Unboxed released a video explaining the controversy from their viewpoint.[204] Via Twitter, they also shared a second apology sent by Nvidia's Del Rizzo that said "to withhold samples because I didn't agree with your commentary is simply inexcusable and crossed the line."[205][206]

Improper disclosures about cryptomining edit

In 2018, Nvidia's chips became popular for cryptomining, the process of obtaining crypto rewards in exchange for verifying transactions on distributed ledgers, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) said. However, the company failed to disclose that it was a "significant element" of its revenue growth from sales of chips designed for gaming, the SEC further added in a statement and charging order. Those omissions misled investors and analysts who were interested in understanding the impact of cryptomining on Nvidia's business, the SEC emphasized. Nvidia, which did not admit or deny the findings, has agreed to pay $5.5 million to settle civil charges, according to a statement made by the SEC in May 2022.[207]

See also edit

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ Officially written as NVIDIA and stylized in its logo as nVIDIA with the lowercase "n" the same height as the uppercase "VIDIA"; formerly stylized as nVIDIA with a large italicized lowercase "n" on products from the mid 1990s to early-mid 2000s.[3]
  2. ^ Though unofficial, second letter capitalization of NVIDIA, i.e. nVidia, may be found within enthusiast communities and publications.[4]

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April 09, 2024
nvidia, corporation, american, multinational, corporation, technology, company, headquartered, santa, clara, california, incorporated, delaware, software, fabless, company, which, designs, supplies, graphics, processing, units, gpus, application, programming, . Nvidia Corporation a b ɛ n ˈ v ɪ d i e en VID ee e is an American multinational corporation and technology company headquartered in Santa Clara California and incorporated in Delaware 5 It is a software and fabless company which designs and supplies graphics processing units GPUs application programming interfaces APIs for data science and high performance computing as well as system on a chip units SoCs for the mobile computing and automotive market Nvidia is also a dominant supplier of artificial intelligence AI hardware and software 6 7 8 Nvidia CorporationHeadquarters in Santa Clara California in 2023Trade nameNVIDIACompany typePublicTraded asNasdaq NVDANasdaq 100 componentS amp P 100 componentS amp P 500 componentIndustryComputer hardwareComputer softwareCloud computingSemiconductorsArtificial intelligenceGPUsGraphics cardsConsumer electronicsVideo gamesFoundedApril 5 1993 31 years ago 1993 04 05 in Sunnyvale California U S FoundersJensen HuangCurtis PriemChris MalachowskyHeadquartersSanta Clara California U S Area servedWorldwideKey peopleJensen Huang President and CEO Bill Dally Chief scientist ProductsGraphics processing unitsCentral processing unitsChipsetsDriversCollaborative softwareTablet computersTV accessoriesGPU chips for laptopsData processing unitsRevenueUS 60 92 billion FY 2024 Operating incomeUS 32 97 billion FY 2024 Net incomeUS 29 76 billion FY 2024 Total assetsUS 65 73 billion FY 2024 Total equityUS 42 98 billion FY 2024 Number of employees29 600 FY 2024 SubsidiariesBright ComputingCumulus NetworksDeepMapMellanox TechnologiesNvidia Advanced Rendering CenterWebsitenvidia wbr comFootnotes references 1 2 Nvidia s professional line of GPUs are used for edge to cloud computing and in supercomputers and workstations for applications in such fields as architecture engineering and construction media and entertainment automotive scientific research and manufacturing design 9 Its GeForce line of GPUs are aimed at the consumer market and are used in applications such as video editing 3D rendering and PC gaming In the second quarter of 2023 Nvidia had a market share of 80 2 in the discrete desktop GPU market 10 The company expanded its presence in the gaming industry with the introduction of the Shield Portable a handheld game console Shield Tablet a gaming tablet and Shield TV a digital media player as well as its cloud gaming service GeForce Now 11 In addition to GPU design and manufacturing Nvidia provides the CUDA software platform and API that allows the creation of massively parallel programs which utilize GPUs 12 13 They are deployed in supercomputing sites around the world 14 15 In the late 2000s Nvidia had moved into the mobile computing market where it produces Tegra mobile processors for smartphones and tablets as well as vehicle navigation and entertainment systems 16 17 18 Its competitors include AMD Intel 19 Qualcomm 20 and AI accelerator companies such as Cerebras and Graphcore It also makes AI powered software for audio and video processing e g Nvidia Maxine 21 Nvidia s offer to acquire Arm from SoftBank in September 2020 failed to materialize following extended regulatory scrutiny leading to the termination of the deal in February 2022 in what would have been the largest semiconductor acquisition 22 23 In 2023 Nvidia became the seventh public U S company to be valued at over 1 trillion 24 and as of March 2024 it is the third most valuable publicly traded company based in the United States after Microsoft and Apple with a market capitalization of 2 3 trillion 25 Contents 1 History 1 1 Founding 1 2 First graphics accelerator 1 3 Public company 1 4 2007 2014 1 5 2016 2018 1 6 2019 acquisition of Mellanox Technologies 1 7 2020 2023 1 8 2023 present passing the 1 trillion mark 2 Fabless manufacturing 3 Corporate affairs 3 1 Leadership 3 2 Board of directors 3 3 Finances 3 4 Ownership 4 GPU Technology Conference 5 Product families 6 Open source software support 7 Deep learning 7 1 DGX 8 Inception Program 9 Controversies 9 1 Maxwell advertising dispute 9 2 GTX 970 hardware specifications 9 3 GeForce Partner Program 9 4 Hardware Unboxed controversy 9 5 Improper disclosures about cryptomining 10 See also 11 See also 12 Notes 13 References 14 External linksHistory editFounding edit nbsp The Denny s roadside diner in East San Jose c 2023 where Nvidia s three co founders agreed to start the company in 1993 nbsp Aerial view of Endeavor the first of the two new Nvidia headquarters buildings in Santa Clara California in 2017 Apple Park is visible in the distance nbsp Entrance of Endeavor headquarters building in 2018Nvidia was founded on April 5 1993 26 27 28 by Jensen Huang CEO as of 2024 update a Taiwanese American electrical engineer who was previously the director of CoreWare at LSI Logic and a microprocessor designer at AMD Chris Malachowsky an engineer who worked at Sun Microsystems and Curtis Priem who was previously a senior staff engineer and graphics chip designer at IBM and Sun Microsystems 29 30 The three men founded the company in a meeting at a Denny s roadside diner in East San Jose just off Interstate 680 at the Berryessa Road interchange 31 32 In 1993 the three co founders envisioned that the ideal trajectory for the forthcoming wave of computing would be in the realm of accelerated computing specifically in graphics based processing This path was chosen due to its unique ability to tackle challenges that eluded general purpose computing methods 33 They also observed that video games were simultaneously one of the most computationally challenging problems and would have incredibly high sales volume the two conditions do not happen very often 33 Video games became the company s flywheel to reach large markets and fund huge R amp D to solve massive computational problems 33 With 40 000 in the bank the company was born 33 The company subsequently received 20 million of venture capital funding from Sequoia Capital and others 34 Nvidia initially had no name and the co founders named all their files NV as in next version 33 The need to incorporate the company prompted the co founders to review all words with those two letters leading them to invidia the Latin word for envy 33 The company s original headquarters office was in Sunnyvale California 33 First graphics accelerator edit Nvidia s first graphics accelerator product the NV1 was optimized for processing quadratic primitives instead of the triangle primitives preferred by its competitors 32 Then Microsoft introduced the DirectX platform refused to support any other graphics software 35 and also announced that its graphics software Direct3D would support only triangles 32 In 1996 Huang laid off more than half of Nvidia s employees then around 100 and focused the company s remaining resources on developing a graphics accelerator product optimized for processing triangle primitives the RIVA 128 32 35 By the time the RIVA 128 was released in August 1997 Nvidia was down to about 40 employees 31 and only had enough money left for about one month of payroll 32 The sense of desperation around Nvidia during this difficult era of its early history gave rise to the unofficial company motto Our company is thirty days from going out of business 32 Nvidia sold about a million RIVA 128s in about four months 32 and used the revenue to develop its next generation of products 35 In 1998 the release of the RIVA TNT solidified Nvidia s reputation for developing capable graphics adapters Public company edit Nvidia went public on January 22 1999 36 37 38 In late 1999 Nvidia released the GeForce 256 NV10 its first product expressly marketed as a GPU which was most notable for introducing onboard transformation and lighting T amp L to consumer level 3D hardware Running at 120 MHz and featuring four pixel pipelines it implemented advanced video acceleration motion compensation and hardware sub picture alpha blending The GeForce outperformed existing products by a wide margin Due to the success of its products Nvidia won the contract to develop the graphics hardware for Microsoft s Xbox game console which earned Nvidia a 200 million advance However the project took many of its best engineers away from other projects In the short term this did not matter and the GeForce2 GTS shipped in the summer of 2000 In December 2000 Nvidia reached an agreement to acquire the intellectual assets of its one time rival 3dfx a pioneer in consumer 3D graphics technology leading the field from the mid 1990s until 2000 39 40 The acquisition process was finalized in April 2002 41 In 2001 Standard amp Poor s selected Nvidia to replace the departing Enron in the S amp P 500 stock index meaning that index funds would need to hold Nvidia shares going forward 42 In July 2002 Nvidia acquired Exluna for an undisclosed sum Exluna made software rendering tools and the personnel were merged into the Cg project 43 In August 2003 Nvidia acquired MediaQ for approximately US 70 million 44 On April 22 2004 Nvidia acquired iReady also a provider of high performance TCP IP and iSCSI offload solutions buzzword 45 In December 2004 it was announced that Nvidia would assist Sony with the design of the graphics processor RSX in the PlayStation 3 game console On December 14 2005 Nvidia acquired ULI Electronics which at the time supplied third party southbridge parts for chipsets to ATI Nvidia s competitor 46 In March 2006 Nvidia acquired Hybrid Graphics 47 In December 2006 Nvidia along with its main rival in the graphics industry AMD which had acquired ATI received subpoenas from the U S Department of Justice regarding possible antitrust violations in the graphics card industry 48 2007 2014 edit Forbes named Nvidia its Company of the Year for 2007 citing the accomplishments it made during the said period as well as during the previous five years 49 On January 5 2007 Nvidia announced that it had completed the acquisition of PortalPlayer Inc 50 In February 2008 Nvidia acquired Ageia developer of PhysX a physics engine and physics processing unit Nvidia announced that it planned to integrate the PhysX technology into its future GPU products 51 52 In July 2008 Nvidia took a write down of approximately 200 million on its first quarter revenue after reporting that certain mobile chipsets and GPUs produced by the company had abnormal failure rates due to manufacturing defects Nvidia however did not reveal the affected products In September 2008 Nvidia became the subject of a class action lawsuit over the defects claiming that the faulty GPUs had been incorporated into certain laptop models manufactured by Apple Inc Dell and HP In September 2010 Nvidia reached a settlement in which it would reimburse owners of the affected laptops for repairs or in some cases replacement 53 54 On January 10 2011 Nvidia signed a six year 1 5 billion cross licensing agreement with Intel ending all litigation between the two companies 55 In November 2011 after initially unveiling it at Mobile World Congress Nvidia released its Tegra 3 ARM system on a chip for mobile devices Nvidia claimed that the chip featured the first ever quad core mobile CPU 56 57 In May 2011 it was announced that Nvidia had agreed to acquire Icera a baseband chip making company in the UK for 367 million 58 In January 2013 Nvidia unveiled the Tegra 4 as well as the Nvidia Shield an Android based handheld game console powered by the new system on a chip 59 On July 29 2013 Nvidia announced that they acquired PGI from STMicroelectronics 60 In February 2013 Nvidia announced its plans to build a new headquarters in the form of two giant triangle shaped buildings on the other side of San Tomas Expressway to the west of its existing headquarters complex The company selected triangles as its design theme As Huang explained in a blog post the triangle is the fundamental building block of computer graphics 61 In 2014 Nvidia ported the Valve games Portal and Half Life 2 to its Nvidia Shield tablet as Lightspeed Studio 62 63 Since 2014 Nvidia has diversified its business focusing on three markets gaming automotive electronics and mobile devices 64 2016 2018 edit nbsp Nvidia Titan X part of the GeForce 10 seriesOn May 6 2016 Nvidia unveiled the first GPUs of the GeForce 10 series the GTX 1080 and 1070 based on the company s new Pascal microarchitecture Nvidia claimed that both models outperformed its Maxwell based Titan X model the models incorporate GDDR5X and GDDR5 memory respectively and use a 16 nm manufacturing process The architecture also supports a new hardware feature known as simultaneous multi projection SMP which is designed to improve the quality of multi monitor and virtual reality rendering 65 66 67 Laptops that include these GPUs and are sufficiently thin as of late 2017 under 0 8 inches 20 mm have been designated as meeting Nvidia s Max Q design standard 68 In July 2016 Nvidia agreed to a settlement for a false advertising lawsuit regarding its GTX 970 model as the models were unable to use all of their advertised 4 GB of RAM due to limitations brought by the design of its hardware 69 In May 2017 Nvidia announced a partnership with Toyota which will use Nvidia s Drive PX series artificial intelligence platform for its autonomous vehicles 70 In July 2017 Nvidia and Chinese search giant Baidu announced a far reaching AI partnership that includes cloud computing autonomous driving consumer devices and Baidu s open source AI framework PaddlePaddle Baidu unveiled that Nvidia s Drive PX 2 AI will be the foundation of its autonomous vehicle platform 71 Nvidia officially released the Titan V on December 7 2017 72 73 Nvidia officially released the Nvidia Quadro GV100 on March 27 2018 74 Nvidia officially released the RTX 2080 GPUs on September 27 2018 In 2018 Google announced that Nvidia s Tesla P4 graphic cards would be integrated into Google Cloud service s artificial intelligence 75 In May 2018 on the Nvidia user forum a thread was started 76 asking the company to update users when they would release web drivers for its cards installed on legacy Mac Pro machines up to mid 2012 5 1 running the macOS Mojave operating system 10 14 Web drivers are required to enable graphics acceleration and multiple display monitor capabilities of the GPU On its Mojave update info website Apple stated that macOS Mojave would run on legacy machines with Metal compatible graphics cards 77 and listed Metal compatible GPUs including some manufactured by Nvidia 78 However this list did not include Metal compatible cards that currently work in macOS High Sierra using Nvidia developed web drivers In September Nvidia responded Apple fully controls drivers for macOS But if Apple allows our engineers are ready and eager to help Apple deliver great drivers for macOS 10 14 Mojave 79 In October Nvidia followed this up with another public announcement Apple fully controls drivers for macOS Unfortunately Nvidia currently cannot release a driver unless it is approved by Apple 80 suggesting a possible rift between the two companies 81 By January 2019 with still no sign of the enabling web drivers Apple Insider weighed into the controversy with a claim that Apple management doesn t want Nvidia support in macOS 82 The following month Apple Insider followed this up with another claim that Nvidia support was abandoned because of relational issues in the past 83 and that Apple was developing its own GPU technology 84 Without Apple approved Nvidia web drivers Apple users are faced with replacing their Nvidia cards with a competing supported brand such as AMD Radeon from the list recommended by Apple 85 2019 acquisition of Mellanox Technologies edit See also Mellanox Technologies nbsp Nvidia Yokneam office former Mellanox Technologies in Yokneam Illit Israel March 2023On March 11 2019 Nvidia announced a deal to buy Mellanox Technologies for 6 9 billion 86 to substantially expand its footprint in the high performance computing market In May 2019 Nvidia announced new RTX Studio laptops The creators say that the new laptop is going to be seven times faster than a top end MacBook Pro with a Core i9 and AMD s Radeon Pro Vega 20 graphics in apps like Maya and RedCine X Pro 87 In August 2019 Nvidia announced Minecraft RTX an official Nvidia developed patch for the game Minecraft adding real time DXR ray tracing exclusively to the Windows 10 version of the game The whole game is in Nvidia s words refit with path tracing which dramatically affects the way light reflections and shadows work inside the engine 88 2020 2023 edit In May 2020 Nvidia s developed an open source ventilator to address the shortage resulting from the global coronavirus pandemic 89 On May 14 2020 Nvidia officially announced their Ampere GPU microarchitecture and the Nvidia A100 GPU accelerator 90 91 In July 2020 it was reported that Nvidia was in talks with SoftBank to buy Arm a UK based chip designer for 32 billion 92 On September 1 2020 Nvidia officially announced the GeForce 30 series based on the company s new Ampere microarchitecture 93 94 On September 13 2020 it was announced that Nvidia would buy Arm from SoftBank Group for 40 billion subject to the usual scrutiny with the latter retaining a 10 share of Nvidia 95 96 97 98 In October 2020 Nvidia announced its plan to build the most powerful computer in Cambridge England The computer called Cambridge 1 launched in July 2021 with a 100 million investment and will employ AI to support healthcare research 99 100 According to Jensen Huang The Cambridge 1 supercomputer will serve as a hub of innovation for the UK and further the groundbreaking work being done by the nation s researchers in critical healthcare and drug discovery 101 Also in October 2020 along with the release of the Nvidia RTX A6000 Nvidia announced it is retiring its workstation GPU brand Quadro shifting its product name to Nvidia RTX for future products and the manufacturing to be Nvidia Ampere architecture based 9 In August 2021 the proposed takeover of Arm was stalled after the UK s Competition and Markets Authority raised significant competition concerns 102 In October 2021 the European Commission opened a competition investigation into the takeover The Commission stated that Nvidia s acquisition could restrict competitors access to Arm s products and provide Nvidia with too much internal information on its competitors due to their deals with Arm SoftBank the parent company of Arm and Nvidia announced in early February 2022 that they had agreed not to move forward with the transaction because of significant regulatory challenges 103 The investigation is set to end on March 15 2022 104 105 That same month Nvidia was reportedly compromised by a cyberattack 106 In March 2022 Nvidia s CEO Jensen Huang mentioned that they are open to having Intel manufacture their chips in the future 107 This was the first time the company mentioned that they would work together with Intel s upcoming foundry services In April 2022 it was reported that Nvidia planned to open a new research center in Yerevan Armenia 108 In May 2022 Nvidia opened Voyager the second of the two giant buildings at its new headquarters complex to the west of the old one Unlike its smaller and older sibling Endeavor the triangle theming is used more sparingly in Voyager 109 110 In September 2022 Nvidia announced its next generation automotive grade chip Drive Thor 111 112 Following U S Department of Commerce regulations which placed an embargo on exports to China of advanced microchips which went into effect in October 2022 Nvidia saw its data center chip added to the export control list The next month the company unveiled a new advanced chip in China called the A800 GPU that met the export control rules 113 In September 2023 Getty Images announced that it was partnering with Nvidia to launch Generative AI by Getty Images a new tool that lets people create images using Getty s library of licensed photos Getty will use Nvidia s Edify model which is available on Nvidia s generative AI model library Picasso 114 2023 present passing the 1 trillion mark edit On September 26 2023 Denny s CEO Kelli Valade joined Huang in East San Jose to celebrate the founding of Nvidia at the Denny s on Berryessa Road where a plaque was installed to mark the relevant corner booth as the birthplace of a 1 trillion company 32 115 By then Nvidia s H100 GPUs were in such demand that even other tech giants were beholden to how Nvidia allocated supply Larry Ellison of Oracle Corporation said that month that during a dinner with Huang he and Elon Musk of Tesla Inc and xAI were begging for H100s I guess is the best way to describe it An hour of sushi and begging 116 In October 2023 it was reported that Nvidia had quietly begun designing ARM based central processing units CPUs for Microsoft s Windows operating system with a target to start selling them in 2025 117 In February 2024 it was reported that Nvidia was the hot employer in Silicon Valley because it was offering interesting work and good pay at a time when other tech employers were downsizing Half of Nvidia employees earned over 228 000 in 2023 118 On March 1 2024 Nvidia became the third company in the history of the United States to close with a market capitalization in excess of 2 trillion 42 Nvidia needed only 180 days to get to 2 trillion from 1 trillion while the first two companies Apple and Microsoft each took over 500 days 42 Nvidia recorded its highest market capitalization to date on March 8 2024 with 2 38 trillion just 230 billion behind Apple Inc and 645 billion behind Microsoft 119 On March 18 Nvidia announced its new AI chip and microarchitecture Blackwell which is named after David Blackwell 120 Fabless manufacturing editNvidia uses external suppliers for all phases of manufacturing including wafer fabrication assembly testing and packaging Nvidia thus avoids most of the investment and production costs and risks associated with chip manufacturing although it does sometimes directly procure some components and materials used in the production of its products e g memory and substrates Nvidia focuses its own resources on product design quality assurance marketing and customer support 121 122 Corporate affairs editSales by business unit 2023 123 Business unit Sales billion ShareCompute amp networking 47 4 77 8 Other countries 13 5 22 2 Sales by region 2023 123 Region Sales billion ShareUnited States 27 0 44 3 Taiwan 13 4 22 0 China 10 3 16 9 Other countries 10 2 16 8 Leadership edit Nvidia s key management as of early 2024 consists of 124 Jensen Huang founder president and chief executive officer Chris Malachowsky founder and NVIDIA fellow Colette Kress executive vice president and chief financial officer Jay Puri executive vice president of worldwide field operations Debora Shoquist executive vice president of operations Tim Teter executive vice president general counsel and secretaryBoard of directors edit As of March 2024 Nvidias board consisted of the following directors 125 Rob Burgess former chief executive officer of Macromedia Inc Tench Coxe former managing director of Sutter Hill Ventures John Dabiri engineer and professor at the California Institute of Technology Persis Drell physicist and professor at Stanford University Jensen Huang co founder CEO and president of Nvidia Dawn Hudson former Chief Marketing Officer of the National Football League Harvey C Jones managing partner of Square Wave Ventures Melissa B Lora former president of Taco Bell International Michael G McCaffery chairman at Makena Capital Management Stephen Neal former CEO and Chairman Emeritus and Senior Counsel of Cooley LLP Mark L Perry independent consultant Brooke Seawell venture partner at New Enterprise Associates Aarti Shah former Senior Vice President amp Chief Information and Digital Officer at Eli Lilly and Company Mark Stevens managing Partner at S Cubed Capital Finances edit nbsp Nvidia stock price 1999 2023 10 year financials 2014 2023 Year Revenue mil US Net income mil US Employees2014 4 682 631 6 3842015 5 010 614 9 2272016 6 910 1 666 10 2992017 9 714 3 047 11 5282018 11 716 4 141 13 2772019 10 918 2 796 13 7752020 16 675 4 332 18 9752021 26 914 9 752 22 4732022 26 974 4 368 26 0002023 60 922 29 760 29 600For the fiscal year 2020 Nvidia reported earnings of US 2 796 billion with an annual revenue of US 10 918 billion a decline of 6 8 over the previous fiscal cycle Nvidia s shares traded at over 531 per share and its market capitalization was valued at over US 328 7 billion in January 2021 126 For the Q2 of 2020 Nvidia reported sales of 3 87 billion which was a 50 rise from the same period in 2019 The surge in sales and people s higher demand for computer technology According to the financial chief of the company Colette Kress the effects of the pandemic will likely reflect this evolution in enterprise workforce trends with a greater focus on technologies such as Nvidia laptops and virtual workstations that enable remote work and virtual collaboration 127 In May 2023 Nvidia crossed 1 trillion in market valuation during trading hours 128 and grew to 1 2 trillion by the following November 129 For its strength size and market capitalization Nvidia has been selected to be one of Bloomberg s Magnificent Seven the seven biggest companies on the stock market in these regards Ownership edit The 10 largest shareholders of Nvidia in early 2024 were 123 The Vanguard Group 8 280 BlackRock 5 623 Fidelity Investments 5 161 State Street Corporation 3 711 Jensen Huang 3 507 Geode Capital Management 2 024 T Rowe Price 2 013 JPMorgan Chase 1 417 BlackRock Life 1 409 Eaton Vance 1 337 GPU Technology Conference editMain article Nvidia GTC Nvidia s GPU Technology Conference GTC is a series of technical conferences held around the world 130 It originated in 2009 in San Jose California with an initial focus on the potential for solving computing challenges through GPUs 131 In recent years the conference focus has shifted to various applications of artificial intelligence and deep learning including self driving cars healthcare high performance computing and Nvidia Deep Learning Institute DLI training 132 GTC 2018 attracted over 8400 attendees 130 GTC 2020 was converted to a digital event and drew roughly 59 000 registrants 133 After several years of remote only events GTC in March 2024 returned to an in person format in San Jose California 134 Product families edit nbsp A Shield Tablet with its accompanying input pen left and gamepadNvidia s product families include graphics processing units wireless communication devices and automotive hardware and software such as GeForce consumer oriented graphics processing products Nvidia RTX professional visual computing graphics processing products replacing GTX and Quadro NVS multi display business graphics solution buzzword Tegra a system on a chip series for mobile devices Tesla dedicated general purpose GPU for high end image generation applications in professional and scientific fields nForce a motherboard chipset created by Nvidia for Intel Celeron Pentium and Core 2 and AMD Athlon and Duron microprocessors Nvidia GRID a set of hardware and services by Nvidia for graphics virtualization Nvidia Shield a range of gaming hardware including the Shield Portable Shield Tablet and most recently the Shield Android TV Nvidia Drive a range of hardware and software products for designers and manufacturers of autonomous vehicles The Drive PX series is a high performance computer platform aimed at autonomous driving through deep learning 135 while Driveworks is an operating system for driverless cars 136 Nvidia BlueField a range of data processing units initially inherited from their acquisition of Mellanox Technologies 137 138 Nvidia Datacenter Server class CPU codenamed Nvidia Grace released in 2023 139 140 Open source software support editSee also Free and open source graphics device driver Mesa 3D nouveau software and OpenPOWER Foundation This section possibly contains original research Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations Statements consisting only of original research should be removed July 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message Until September 23 2013 Nvidia had not published any documentation for its advanced hardware 141 meaning that programmers could not write free and open source device driver for its products without resorting to clean room reverse engineering Instead Nvidia provides its own binary GeForce graphics drivers for X Org and an open source library that interfaces with the Linux FreeBSD or Solaris kernels and the proprietary graphics software Nvidia also provided but stopped supporting an obfuscated open source driver that only supports two dimensional hardware acceleration and ships with the X Org distribution 142 The proprietary nature of Nvidia s drivers has generated dissatisfaction within free software communities In a 2012 talk Linus Torvalds in criticism of Nvidia s approach towards Linux raised the finger and stated Nvidia fuck you 143 144 Some Linux and BSD users insist on using only open source drivers and regard Nvidia s insistence on providing nothing more than a binary only driver as inadequate given that competing manufacturers such as Intel offer support and documentation for open source developers and that others like AMD release partial documentation and provide some active development 145 146 Because of the closed nature of the drivers Nvidia video cards cannot deliver adequate features on some platforms and architectures given that the company only provides x86 x64 and ARMv7 A driver builds 147 As a result support for 3D graphics acceleration in Linux on PowerPC does not exist nor does support for Linux on the hypervisor restricted PlayStation 3 console citation needed Some users claim that Nvidia s Linux drivers impose artificial restrictions like limiting the number of monitors that can be used at the same time but the company has not commented on these accusations 148 In 2014 with Maxwell GPUs Nvidia started to require firmware by them to unlock all features of its graphics cards 149 150 151 On 12 May 2022 Nvidia announced that they are opensourcing their GPU kernel modules 152 153 154 Support for Nvidia s firmware was implemented in nouveau in 2023 which allows proper power management and GPU reclocking for Turing and newer graphics cards 155 156 Deep learning editNvidia GPUs are used in deep learning and accelerated analytics due to Nvidia s CUDA software platform and API which allows programmers to utilize the higher number of cores present in GPUs to parallelize BLAS operations which are extensively used in machine learning algorithms 13 They were included in many Tesla Inc vehicles before Musk announced at Tesla Autonomy Day in 2019 that the company developed its own SoC and full self driving computer now and would stop using Nvidia hardware for their vehicles 157 158 These GPUs are used by researchers laboratories tech companies and enterprise companies 159 In 2009 Nvidia was involved in what was called the big bang of deep learning as deep learning neural networks were combined with Nvidia graphics processing units GPUs 160 That year the Google Brain used Nvidia GPUs to create Deep Neural Networks capable of machine learning where Andrew Ng determined that GPUs could increase the speed of deep learning systems by about 100 times 161 DGX edit Main article Nvidia DGX DGX is a line of supercomputers by Nvidia In April 2016 Nvidia produced the DGX 1 based on an 8 GPU cluster to improve the ability of users to use deep learning by combining GPUs with integrated deep learning software 162 Nvidia gifted its first DGX 1 to OpenAI in August 2016 to help it train larger and more complex AI models with the capability of reducing processing time from six days to two hours 163 164 It also developed Nvidia Tesla K80 and P100 GPU based virtual machines which are available through Google Cloud which Google installed in November 2016 165 Microsoft added GPU servers in a preview offering of its N series based on Nvidia s Tesla K80s each containing 4992 processing cores Later that year AWS s P2 instance was produced using up to 16 Nvidia Tesla K80 GPUs That month Nvidia also partnered with IBM to create a software kit that boosts the AI capabilities of Watson 166 called IBM PowerAI 167 168 Nvidia also offers its own Nvidia Deep Learning software development kit 169 In 2017 the GPUs were also brought online at the Riken Center for Advanced Intelligence Project for Fujitsu 170 The company s deep learning technology led to a boost in its 2017 earnings 171 In May 2018 researchers at the artificial intelligence department of Nvidia realized the possibility that a robot can learn to perform a job simply by observing the person doing the same job They have created a system that after a short revision and testing can already be used to control the universal robots of the next generation In addition to GPU manufacturing Nvidia provides parallel processing capabilities to researchers and scientists that allow them to efficiently run high performance applications 172 Inception Program editNvidia s Inception Program was created to support startups making exceptional advances in the fields of artificial intelligence and data science Award winners are announced at Nvidia s GTC Conference In May 2017 the program had 1 300 companies 173 As of March 2018 there were 2 800 startups in the Inception Program 174 As of August 2021 the program has surpassed 8 500 members in 90 countries with cumulative funding of US 60 billion 175 Controversies editMaxwell advertising dispute edit Main article GeForce 900 series Advertising controversy GTX 970 hardware specifications edit Issues with the GeForce GTX 970 s specifications were first brought up by users when they found out that the cards while featuring 4 GB of memory rarely accessed memory over the 3 5 GB boundary Further testing and investigation eventually led to Nvidia issuing a statement that the card s initially announced specifications had been altered without notice before the card was made commercially available and that the card took a performance hit once memory over the 3 5 GB limit were put into use 176 177 178 The card s back end hardware specifications initially announced as being identical to those of the GeForce GTX 980 differed in the amount of L2 cache 1 75 MB versus 2 MB in the GeForce GTX 980 and the number of ROPs 56 versus 64 in the 980 Additionally it was revealed that the card was designed to access its memory as a 3 5 GB section plus a 0 5 GB one access to the latter being 7 times slower than the first one 179 The company then went on to promise a specific driver modification in order to alleviate the performance issues produced by the cutbacks suffered by the card 180 However Nvidia later clarified that the promise had been a miscommunication and there would be no specific driver update for the GTX 970 181 Nvidia claimed that it would assist customers who wanted refunds in obtaining them 182 On February 26 2015 Nvidia CEO Jen Hsun Huang went on record in Nvidia s official blog to apologize for the incident 183 In February 2015 a class action lawsuit alleging false advertising was filed against Nvidia and Gigabyte Technology in the U S District Court for Northern California 184 185 Nvidia revealed that it is able to disable individual units each containing 256KB of L2 cache and 8 ROPs without disabling whole memory controllers 186 This comes at the cost of dividing the memory bus into high speed and low speed segments that cannot be accessed at the same time unless one segment is reading while the other segment is writing because the L2 ROP unit managing both of the GDDR5 controllers shares the read return channel and the write data bus between the two GDDR5 controllers and itself 186 This is used in the GeForce GTX 970 which therefore can be described as having 3 5 GB in its high speed segment on a 224 bit bus and 0 5 GB in a low speed segment on a 32 bit bus 186 On July 27 2016 Nvidia agreed to a preliminary settlement of the U S class action lawsuit 184 offering a 30 refund on GTX 970 purchases The agreed upon refund represents the portion of the cost of the storage and performance capabilities the consumers assumed they were obtaining when they purchased the card 187 GeForce Partner Program edit Main article GeForce Partner ProgramThe Nvidia GeForce Partner Program was a marketing program designed to provide partnering companies with benefits such as public relations support video game bundling and marketing development funds 188 The program proved to be controversial with complaints about it possibly being an anti competitive practice 189 First announced in a blog post on March 1 2018 190 it was canceled on May 4 2018 191 Hardware Unboxed controversy edit On December 10 2020 Nvidia told popular YouTube tech reviewer Steven Walton of Hardware Unboxed that it would no longer supply him with GeForce Founders Edition graphics card review units 192 193 In a Twitter message Hardware Unboxed said Nvidia have officially decided to ban us from receiving GeForce Founders Edition GPU review samples Their reasoning is that we are focusing on rasterization instead of ray tracing They have said they will revisit this should your editorial direction change 194 In emails that were disclosed by Walton from Nvidia Senior PR Manager Bryan Del Rizzo Nvidia had said your GPU reviews and recommendations have continued to focus singularly on rasterization performance and you have largely discounted all of the other technologies we offer gamers It is very clear from your community commentary that you do not see things the same way that we gamers and the rest of the industry do 195 TechSpot partner site of Hardware Unboxed said this and other related incidents raise serious questions around journalistic independence and what they are expecting of reviewers when they are sent products for an unbiased opinion 195 A number of prominent technology reviewers came out strongly against Nvidia s move 196 197 Linus Sebastian of Linus Tech Tips titled the episode of his popular weekly WAN Show NVIDIA might ACTUALLY be EVIL 198 and was highly critical of the company s move to dictate specific outcomes of technology reviews 199 The popular review site Gamers Nexus said it was Nvidia s latest decision to shoot both its feet They ve now made it so that any reviewers covering RT will become subject to scrutiny from untrusting viewers who will suspect subversion by the company Shortsighted self own from NVIDIA 200 Two days later Nvidia reversed their stance 201 202 Hardware Unboxed sent out a Twitter message I just received an email from Nvidia apologizing for the previous email amp they ve now walked everything back 203 196 On December 14 Hardware Unboxed released a video explaining the controversy from their viewpoint 204 Via Twitter they also shared a second apology sent by Nvidia s Del Rizzo that said to withhold samples because I didn t agree with your commentary is simply inexcusable and crossed the line 205 206 Improper disclosures about cryptomining edit In 2018 Nvidia s chips became popular for cryptomining the process of obtaining crypto rewards in exchange for verifying transactions on distributed ledgers the U S Securities and Exchange Commission SEC said However the company failed to disclose that it was a significant element of its revenue growth from sales of chips designed for gaming the SEC further added in a statement and charging order Those omissions misled investors and analysts who were interested in understanding the impact of cryptomining on Nvidia s business the SEC emphasized Nvidia which did not admit or deny the findings has agreed to pay 5 5 million to settle civil charges according to a statement made by the SEC in May 2022 207 See also edit nbsp San Francisco Bay Area portal nbsp Companies portalFast approximate anti aliasing General purpose computing on graphics processing units Huang s law Molecular modeling on GPUs GPU workstationsSee also editPortals nbsp Tokyo nbsp Companies nbsp Telecommunication nbsp Electronics nbsp TechnologyNotes edit Officially written as NVIDIA and stylized in its logo as n VIDIA with the lowercase n the same height as the uppercase VIDIA formerly stylized as n VIDIA with a large italicized lowercase n on products from the mid 1990s to early mid 2000s 3 Though unofficial second letter capitalization of NVIDIA i e nVidia may be found within enthusiast communities and publications 4 References edit US SEC Form 10 K Nvidia Corporation U S Securities and Exchange Commission February 21 2024 US SEC EXHIBIT 21 1 List of Nvidia subsidiaries U S Securities and Exchange Commission February 24 2023 NVIDIA Logo Guidelines at a Glance PDF nvidia com Nvidia Archived PDF from the original on October 9 2022 Retrieved March 21 2018 Morgan Timothy Prickett Microsoft nVidia tag team on HPC www theregister com Retrieved March 12 2022 NVIDIA Corporation Investor Resources FAQs investor nvidia com Enderle Rob January 18 2022 Why NVIDIA Has Become a Leader in the AI Market Datamation Retrieved April 11 2022 Goldman Sharon February 23 2023 How Nvidia dominated AI and plans to keep it that way as generative AI explodes VentureBeat Nvidia The chip maker that became an AI superpower May 25 2023 Retrieved January 2 2024 a b Smith Ryan Quadro No More NVIDIA Announces Ampere based RTX A6000 amp A40 Video Cards For Pro Visualization www anandtech com Retrieved March 10 2021 Shilov Anton September 6 2023 GPU Market Healthy and vibrant in Q2 2023 Report Tom s Hardware Retrieved March 14 2024 Moore Samuel K September 7 2023 The Secret to Nvidia s AI Success IEEE Spectrum NVIDIA Doesn t Want Cryptocurrency Miners to Buy Its Gaming GPUs MSN Retrieved April 5 2021 a b Kirk David Hwu Wen Mei 2017 Programming Massively Parallel Processors Third ed Elsevier p 345 ISBN 978 0 12 811986 0 Clark Don August 4 2011 J P Morgan Shows Benefits from Chip Change WSJ Digits Blog Retrieved September 14 2011 Top500 Supercomputing Sites Top500 Retrieved September 14 2011 Burns Chris August 3 2011 2011 The Year of Nvidia dominating Android Superphones and tablets SlashGear Retrieved September 14 2011 Tegra Super Tablets Nvidia Retrieved September 14 2011 Tegra Super Phones Nvidia Retrieved September 14 2011 Jennewine Trevor January 15 2021 Why Intel s Competitive Edge Is Crumbling The Motley Fool Retrieved April 16 2021 Neiger Chris January 26 2021 Better Buy NVIDIA vs Qualcomm The Motley Fool Retrieved April 16 2021 NVIDIA Maxine Nvidia Corporation October 2020 Retrieved April 6 2023 Lyons Kim September 13 2020 Nvidia is acquiring Arm for 40 billion The Verge Retrieved September 15 2020 Walters Richard February 7 2022 SoftBank s 66bn sale of chip group Arm to Nvidia collapses Financial Times Archived from the original on December 10 2022 Retrieved February 8 2022 Nvidia touches 1 trillion market cap as chipmaker rides AI wave Yahoo Finance May 30 2023 Retrieved February 17 2024 Staff Entrepreneur March 2 2024 Nvidia Becomes World s Third Largest Company Entrepreneur Retrieved March 2 2024 Company Info Nvidia com Retrieved November 9 2010 Jensen Huang Executive Profile amp Biography Bloomberg News Retrieved June 21 2018 Articles of Incorporation of Nvidia Corporation California Secretary of State Archived from the original on April 9 2020 Retrieved October 23 2019 via California Secretary of State Business Database NVIDIA Company History Innovations Over the Years NVIDIA Retrieved April 17 2021 NVIDIA Corporation History Headquarters amp Facts Encyclopedia Britannica Retrieved April 17 2021 a b Tilley Aaron November 30 2016 The New Intel How Nvidia Went From Powering Video Games To Revolutionizing Artificial Intelligence Forbes Retrieved March 14 2023 This 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have a silent hostility PC Builders Club William Gallagher and Mike Wuerthele January 18 2019 Apple s management doesn t want Nvidia support in macOS and that s a bad sign for the Mac Pro Vadim Yuryev February 14 2019 Video Nvidia support was abandoned in macOS Mojave and here s why Apple Insider Daniel Eran Dilger April 4 2017 Why Apple s new GPU efforts are a major disruptive threat to Nvidia Apple Insider Install macOS 10 14 Mojave on Mac Pro mid 2010 and Mac Pro mid 2012 Apple Inc Nvidia to acquire Mellanox Technologies for about 7 billion in cash www cnbc com March 11 2019 Retrieved March 11 2019 Byford Sam May 27 2019 Nvidia announces RTX Studio laptops aimed at creators The Verge Retrieved May 27 2019 Minecraft with RTX The World s Best Selling Videogame Is Adding Ray Tracing www nvidia com Retrieved April 25 2020 NVIDIA s top scientist develops open source ventilator that can be built with 400 in readily available parts TechCrunch May 2020 Archived from the original on April 3 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Computer Unifying Cluster Infotainment Automated Driving and Parking in a Single Cost Saving System GlobeNewswire News Room Press release Retrieved September 20 2022 Lee Jane Lanhee November 7 2022 Exclusive Nvidia offers new advanced chip for China that meets U S export controls Reuters Emilia David September 25 2023 Getty made an AI generator that only trained on its licensed images Verge Takahashi Dean September 26 2023 Jensen Huang returns to Denny s where trillion dollar company began VentureBeat Retrieved September 28 2023 Fitch Asa February 26 2024 Nvidia s Stunning Ascent Has Also Made It a Giant Target The Wall Street Journal Retrieved February 27 2024 Nellis Stephen Cherney Max A October 24 2023 Exclusive Nvidia to make Arm based PC chips in major new challenge to Intel Reuters Retrieved October 24 2023 Bindley Katherine Ellis Lindsay Bousquette Isabelle February 26 2024 Booming Stock and Sky High Pay Nvidia Is Silicon Valley s Hot Employer The Wall Street Journal Retrieved 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5 2016 NVIDIA announces a supercomputer aimed at deep learning and AI Carr Austin King Ian June 15 2023 How Nvidia Became ChatGPT s Brain and Joined the 1 Trillion Club Bloomberg News Archived from the original on June 18 2023 Vanian Jonathan August 15 2016 Elon Musk s Artificial Intelligence Project Just Got a Free Supercomputer Fortune Archived from the original on June 7 2023 Nichols Shaun February 21 2017 Google rents out Nvidia Tesla GPUs in its cloud If you ask nicely that ll be 70 cents an hour bud The Register IBM NVIDIA partner for fastest deep learning enterprise solution in the world TechRepublic November 14 2016 IBM and Nvidia team up to create deep learning hardware November 14 2016 IBM and Nvidia make deep learning easy for AI service creators with a new bundle November 15 2016 Facebook Big Basin AI Compute Platform Adopts NVIDIA Tesla P100 For Next Gen Data Centers Archived from the original on November 26 2020 Retrieved April 19 2017 Nvidia to Power Fujitsu s New Deep 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down when using more than 3 5GB VRAM PCGamer January 26 2015 GeForce GTX 970 Correcting The Specs amp Exploring Memory Allocation AnandTech NVIDIA Working on New Driver For GeForce GTX 970 To Tune Memory Allocation Problems and Improve Performance WCFTech January 28 2015 NVIDIA clarifies no driver update for GTX 970 specifically PC World January 29 2015 NVIDIA Plans Driver Update for GTX 970 Memory Issue Help with Returns pcper com January 28 2015 Nvidia CEO addresses GTX 970 controversy PCGamer February 26 2015 a b Chalk Andy February 22 2015 Nvidia faces false advertising lawsuit over GTX 970 specs PC Gamer Retrieved March 27 2015 Niccolai James February 20 2015 Nvidia hit with false advertising suit over GTX 970 performance PC World Retrieved March 27 2015 a b c Ryan Smith Diving Deeper The Maxwell 2 Memory Crossbar amp ROP Partitions GeForce GTX 970 Correcting The Specs amp Exploring Memory Allocation anandtech com Nvidia settles class action lawsuit Top Class Actions July 27 2016 Retrieved July 27 2016 Nvidia gets anti competitive with unsavory GeForce Partner Program March 12 2018 Bennett Kyle March 8 2018 GeForce Partner Program Impacts Consumer Choice HardOcP Archived from the original on July 12 2019 GeForce Partner Program Helps Gamers Know What They re Buying NVIDIA Blog The Official NVIDIA Blog March 1 2018 Retrieved April 10 2018 Killian Zak May 4 2018 Nvidia puts the kibosh on the GeForce Partner Program Tech Report Retrieved May 4 2018 Miller Chris December 12 2020 Nvidia Under Fire For Banning Review Site That Doesn t Focus On Nvidia Hardware Strengths Happy Gamer HappyGamer Retrieved December 13 2020 Hardware Unboxed VS NVIDIA a Masterpiece of Bad Marketing Pangoly December 13 2020 Retrieved December 17 2020 Nvidia have officially decided to ban us from receiving GeForce Founders Edition GPU review samples Twitter Retrieved December 13 2020 a b Lal Arjun Krishna Franco Julio December 12 2020 The ugly side of Nvidia A rollercoaster ride that shows when Big Tech doesn t get it TechSpot Retrieved December 13 2020 a b Alderson Alex December 13 2020 NVIDIA u turns on its decision to block Hardware Unboxed from receiving GPU review units Notebookcheck Retrieved December 13 2020 Nvidia puts pressure on the hardware press HardwareHeaven com December 14 2020 Archived from the original on December 14 2020 Retrieved December 15 2020 Kokhanyuk Stanislav December 13 2020 I believe in ray tracing but I do not believe in Nvidia s RTX 3000 series GPUs Notebookcheck Retrieved December 13 2020 NVIDIA might ACTUALLY be EVIL WAN Show December 11 2020 YouTube December 11 2020 Archived from the original on December 11 2021 I have something else to say about NVIDIA s latest decision to shoot both its feet They ve now made it so that any reviewers covering RT will become subject to scrutiny from untrusting viewers who will suspect subversion by the company Shortsighted self own from NVIDIA Twitter December 11 2020 Retrieved December 13 2020 Farrell Nick December 14 2020 Nvidia retreats from PR disaster fudzilla com Retrieved December 14 2020 Nvidia issues an Apology for Backlisting Hardware Unboxed as their Reviewer Appuals com December 15 2020 Archived from the original on December 15 2020 Retrieved December 16 2020 I just received an email from Nvidia apologizing for the previous email amp they ve now walked everything back Twitter December 12 2020 Retrieved December 13 2020 Hardware Unboxed Nvidia Bans Hardware Unboxed Then Backpedals Our Thoughts YouTube Archived from the original on December 11 2021 Retrieved December 14 2020 Hardware Unboxed December 14 2020 Twitter Bryan Del Rizzo from Nvidia has reached out a second time to apologize and asked us to share this with you Stanley Donny December 15 2020 NVIDIA Apologizes For Email Blacklisting Reviewer Retracts Original Statements AdoredTV Retrieved December 22 2020 Prentice Chris Singh Kanishka May 6 2022 Nvidia to pay 5 5 million penalty for inadequate disclosures about cryptomining Reuters Retrieved May 7 2022 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nvidia Official website nbsp Nvidia Developer website Business data for Nvidia BloombergGoogleReutersSEC filingsYahoo Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Nvidia amp oldid 1217743040 Product families, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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