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Wikipedia

Left-wing populism

March 22, 2023

Left-wing populism, also called social populism, is a political ideology that combines left-wing politics with populist rhetoric and themes. Its rhetoric often consists of anti-elitism, opposition to the Establishment, and speaking for the "common people".[1] Recurring themes for left-wing populists include economic democracy, social justice, and scepticism of globalization. Socialist theory plays a lesser role than in traditional left-wing ideologies.[2][3]

An Occupy Wall Street sign with the 99% slogan, a left-wing populist movement.

Criticism of capitalism and globalization is also linked to unpopular United States military operations, especially those in the Middle East.[4] It is considered that the populist left does not exclude others horizontally and relies on egalitarian ideals.[1] Some scholars also speak of nationalist left-wing populist movements, a feature exhibited by the Sandinista Revolution in Nicaragua or the Bolivarian Revolution in Venezuela. Unlike exclusionary or right-wing populism, left-wing populist parties tend to claim to be supportive of minority rights,[5] as well as to an idea of nationality that is not delimited by cultural or ethnic particularisms.[6] Bernie Sanders and Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, self-described democratic socialists, are examples of modern left-wing populist politicians in the United States.[7][8][9][10] With the rise of Syriza and Podemos during the European debt crisis, there has been increased debate on new left-wing populism in Europe.[11][12]

Traditionally, left-wing populism has been associated with the socialist movement; since the 2010s, there has been a movement close to left-wing populism in the left-liberal camp,[13][14][15][16][17] some of which are considered social democratic positions.[18][19] Left-liberal economic populism appealing to the working class has been prominent in some countries, such as the Joe Biden of the U.S. and Lee Jae-myung of South Korea, in the 2020s, where liberal and conservative parties are the main two parties.[20]

By country

Americas

Argentina

 
 
Néstor Kirchner (left) and Cristina Fernández de Kirchner (right) served as Presidents of Argentina from 2003–2007 and 2007–2015
Main article: Kirchnerism

Cristina Fernández de Kirchner (the President of Argentina from 2007 to 2015) and her husband Néstor Kirchner were said to practice Kirchnerism, a variant of Peronism that was often mentioned alongside other Pink tide governments in Latin America. During Cristina Fernández de Kirchner's time in office, she spoke against certain free trade agreements, such as the proposed Free Trade Area of the Americas. Her administration was characterized by tax increases, especially on agricultural exports during the late 2000s commodities boom, Argentina's main export, in order to fund social programs such as the PROGRESAR university scholarships, the universal allocation per child subsidy (commonly referred to as AUH in Argentina, Asignación Universal por Hijo), a means-tested benefit to families with children who qualified for the subsidy, and progressive social reforms such as the recognition of same-sex marriage.

Bolivia

The leadership of Siles Zuazo practised left-wing populism[21] as well as that of former socialist President Evo Morales.[22]

Brazil

Main article: Lulism

Lulism is a pragmatic centre-left ideology to the extent that it is called "socialist neoliberalism",[23] but it appeals to a progressive, common-class image and also has populist elements in terms of popular mobilization.[24]

Ecuador

Rafael Correa, the former President of Ecuador, has stressed the importance of a "populist discourse" and has integrated technocrats to work within this context for the common Ecuadorians. Correa has blamed foreign non-governmental organizations for exploiting the indigenous people in the conflict between the indigenous peoples and the government.[25][26][27]

Mexico

The current governing party, the National Regeneration Movement, is a left-wing populist party.[28]

United States

 
Bernie Sanders in 2020
See also: Congressional Progressive Caucus, Democratic Socialists of America, and Justice Democrats

Huey Long, the Great Depression-era Governor-turned-Senator of Louisiana, was one of the first modern American left-wing populists in the United States. He advocated for wealth redistribution under his Share Our Wealth plan, which had its roots in the classical left-wing populist movement of Jacksonian democracy,[29] which is related to the radical movement.[30][31][32]

Meanwhile, Bernie Sanders and Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, self-described democratic socialists, are examples of modern left-wing populist politicians.[7][8][9][10] Ocasio-Cortez's Democratic primary victory over the establishment Democratic Caucus Chair Joe Crowley, a 10-term incumbent, was widely seen as the biggest upset victory in the 2018 midterm election primaries. The Nation magazine described Ocasio-Cortez as a "new rock star" who was "storming the country on behalf of insurgent populists."[33] Elizabeth Warren is also mentioned as a representative left-wing or liberal populist,[16][17][34] and she is sometimes evaluated as a social democrat.[18][19][35]

Venezuela

Main article: Chavismo

The presidency of Hugo Chávez resembled a combination of folk wisdom and charismatic leadership with doctrinaire socialism.[22]

Asia

Israel

Yesh Atid is a radical centrist or liberal party. In Israeli politics, "liberal" is not particularly a concept that is distinguished by left or right, but Yesh Atid is evaluated that it has a left-wing populist element in part. They criticize elitism that causes political corruption and demand a position on material redistribution.[13] However, Yesh Atid has an element of economic liberalism simultaneously.[36]

 
Tarō Yamamoto in 2020. He is mentioned as a (left-wing) liberal-populist.

Japan

Reiwa Shinsengumi, led by Tarō Yamamoto, is a representative Japanese left-wing populist movement. While he and his party use anti-established rhetoric, they are sometimes called "liberal populist". According to experts, Yamamoto uses a simple message to spotlight single individuals left behind, including people struggling with poverty or non-permanent employment, who used to devote themselves to radical conservatism.[14]

Reiwa Shinsengumi is also called a "progressive populist", because they are not rooted in the traditional Japanese socialist or Labor movement, but are culturally and economically progressive, representing marginalized young people and minorities.[37][38]

South Korea

South Korea's leftist political party, the Progressive Party, advocates direct democracy, anti-neoliberalism and anti-imperialism. They support a liberal-nationalist foreign policy hostile to Japan.

Lee Jae-myung, one of DPK's major politicians, has been mentioned as a "populist" in some media outlets.[39][40][15][41] Lee Jae-myung pledged to implement the world's first universal basic income system if elected in the 2022 South Korean presidential election but said he would not pay for it if the people opposed it.[42][43] South Korea's right-wing politician Hong Joon-pyo saw Lee Jae-myung in September 2021 and accused him of being "Chávez of Gyeonggi Province".[44] However, there is controversy in South Korea as to whether Lee Jae-myung can be viewed as a "left-wing populist" in the context of the United States or Europe. He once said he was "conservative" and suggested policies far from general left-wing populism in the United States and Europe, partially insisting on economic liberal policies such as deregulating companies on some issues.[45][46] In addition, he showed a somewhat conservative tendency on some social agendas.[47] In addition, Kim Hyun-jong, the head of the International Trade Special Division at the Lee Jae-myung Camp, met with Henry Kissinger, and Henry Kissinger gave Lee Jae-myung a handwritten autograph called "Good wishes".[48] In addition, Lee Jae-myung's political orientation was somewhat ambiguous, so conservative journalist Dong-A Ilbo denied that he was a left-wing politician, while South Korea's far-left organization Workers' Solidarity evaluated him as a social democratic. (However, another South Korean left-wing undongkwon group denied that Lee Jae-myung is not a social democratic.)[49][50][51]

Europe

Germany

The Party of Democratic Socialism was explicitly studied under left-wing populism, especially by German academics.[52] The party was formed after the reunification of Germany, and it was similar to right-wing populists in that it relied on anti-elitism and media attention provided by charismatic leadership.[53] The party competed for the same voter base with the right-wing populists to some extent, although it relied on a more serious platform in Eastern Germany. This was limited by anti-immigration sentiments preferred by some voters, although the lines were, for example, crossed by Oskar Lafontaine, who used a term previously associated with the Nazi Party, Fremdarbeiter ("foreign workers"), in his election campaign in 2005.[53] The PDS merged into the Left Party in 2007.[54] The Left Party is also viewed as a left-wing populist party,[55] but it is not the basis of the party as a whole.

Greece

Syriza, which became the largest party since January 2015 elections, has been described as a left-wing populist party after its platform incorporated most demands of the popular movements in Greece during the government-debt crisis. Populist traits in Syriza's platform include the growing importance of "the People" in their rhetoric and "us/the people against them/the establishment" antagonism in campaigning. On immigration and LGBT rights, Syriza is inclusionary. Syriza itself does not accept the label "populist".[56][57]

Italy

The Italian Five Star Movement (M5S), which became the largest party in the 2018 general election, has often been described as a big tent populist party,[58][59] but sometimes also as a left-wing populist movement;[60] the "five stars", which are a reference to five critical issues for the party, are public water, sustainable transport, sustainable development, right to Internet access, and environmentalism, typical proposals of left-wing populist parties.[61] However, despite its background in left-wing politics, the M5S has often expressed right-wing views on immigration.[62]

In September 2019, the M5S formed a government with the centre-left Democratic Party (PD) and the left-wing Free and Equal (LeU), with Giuseppe Conte at its head.[63][64] The government has been sometimes referred to as a left-wing populist cabinet.[65]

Netherlands

The Socialist Party has run a left-wing populist platform after dropping its communist course in 1991.[66] Although some have pointed out that the party has become less populist over the years, it still includes anti-elitism in its recent election manifestos.[67] It opposes what it sees as the European superstate.

Spain

 
Pablo Iglesias, leader of Podemos

The left-wing populist party Podemos achieved 8% of the national vote in the 2014 European Parliament election. Due to avoiding nativist language typical of right-wing populists, Podemos can attract left-wing voters disappointed with the political establishment without taking sides in the regional political struggle.[68] In the 2015 election for the national parliament, Podemos reached 20.65% of the vote and became the third largest party in the parliament after the conservative People's Party with 28.71% and the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party with 22.02%. In the new parliament, Podemos holds 69 out of 350 seats, which has resulted in the end of the traditional two-party system in Spain.[69] In a November 2018 interview with Jacobin, Íñigo Errejón argues that Podemos requires a new "national-popular" strategy to win more elections.[70]

United Kingdom

Main article: Labour Party leadership of Jeremy Corbyn

Left-wing populist political parties

Active left-wing populist parties or parties with left-wing populist factions

Main article: List of populists

Represented in national legislatures

Not represented in national legislatures

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Albertazzi and McDonnell, p. 123.
  2. ^ Zaslove, Andrej (June 2008). "Here to Stay? Populism as a New Party Type". European Review. 16 (3): 319–336. doi:10.1017/S1062798708000288. S2CID 145702059.
  3. ^ Roth, Silke (17 April 2018). "Introduction: Contemporary Counter-Movements in the Age of Brexit and Trump". Sociological Research Online. 23 (2): 496–506. doi:10.1177/1360780418768828.
  4. ^ Hartleb, Florian (2004). Rechts- und Linkspopulismus. Eine Fallstudie anhand von Schill-Partei und PDS [Right and left populism. A case study based on Schill Party and PDS] (in German). Wiesbaden. p. 162.
  5. ^ Mudde, C.; Rovira Kaltwasser, C. (2013). "Exclusionary vs. inclusionary populism: comparing contemporary Europe and Latin America". Government and Opposition. 48 (2): 147–174. doi:10.1017/gov.2012.11.
  6. ^ Custodi J (2020). "Nationalism and populism on the left: The case of Podemos". Nations and Nationalism. 27 (3): 705–720. doi:10.1111/nana.12663. S2CID 225127425.
  7. ^ a b Sullivan, Sean; Costa, Robert (2 March 2020). "Trump and Sanders lead competing populist movements, reshaping American politics". The Washington Post. Retrieved 4 March 2021.
  8. ^ a b Ross Coleman, Aaron (22 August 2020). "Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and the future of the left". Vox. Retrieved 4 March 2021.
  9. ^ a b Lerer, Lisa; W. Herndon, Astead (18 February 2021). "When Ted Cruz and A.O.C. Agree: Yes, the Politics of GameStop Are Confusing". The New York Times. Retrieved 4 March 2021.
  10. ^ a b Levitz, Eric (27 June 2018). "Ocasio-Cortez Proved That 'Identity Politics' Is an Asset for Berniecrats". The New York Times. Retrieved 4 March 2021.
  11. ^ Mudde, Cas (17 February 2015). "The problem with populism". The Guardian. Retrieved 22 June 2015.
  12. ^ Zabala, Santiago (2 December 2014). "In Europe, not all populist parties are the same". AlJazeera. Retrieved 22 June 2015.
  13. ^ a b Toril Aalberg; Frank Esser; Carsten Reinemann, eds. (2014). Populist Political Communication in Europe. Routledge. p. 211. ISBN 9781317224747. Indeed, there are some similarities between Yesh Atid and left-wing populist parties. First, the distinction between the "pure people" and the corrupt political establishment, which characterizes left-wing populism (Alonso & Kaltwasser, 2014), also exists in Yesh Atid rhetoric. The same is true for the call for material redistribution, which characterizes both left-wing populism (Alonso & Kaltwasser, 2014) and Yesh Atid.
  14. ^ a b Helen Hardacre; Timothy S. George; Keigo Komamura; Franziska Seraphim, eds. (2021). Japanese Constitutional Revisionism and Civic Activism. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 136. ISBN 9781793609052. Sometimes regarded as a "liberal-populist" party, a new political party, Reiwa Shinsengumi, arose in a "riot" of people who believed they have been marginalized by Japanese capitalism and democracy.26 The party's charismatic leader, ... Yamamoto uses a simple message to spotlight single individuals left behind, including people struggling with poverty or non-permanent employment, who used to devote themselves to radical conservatism.
  15. ^ a b "Lee Jae-myung: Populist, Left-wing, Unapologetic". Korea Exposé. 23 February 2019. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
  16. ^ a b Anthea Roberts; Nicolas Lamp, eds. (2021). Six Faces of Globalization: Who Wins, Who Loses, and Why It Matters. Harvard University Press. p. 14. ISBN 9780674245952. Right- wing populism lives on past Trump's presidency, for instance, just as left- wing populism continued to thrive after Elizabeth Warren and Bernie Sanders conceded the US Democratic primary.
  17. ^ a b "Here's What Elizabeth Warren Looks Like as a Comic Book Hero: Elizabeth Warren, a populist liberal icon, is now a comic book star". ABC News. 8 April 2016. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
  18. ^ a b "Are Elizabeth Warren and Bernie Sanders the same? The debate, explained". Vox. 18 June 2019. Retrieved 16 January 2022. Warren is a social democrat. Sanders is a democratic socialist. The difference between the two is best explained by how Warren and Sanders convey their skepticism toward capitalism, said Sheri Berman, a political scientist with Barnard College, who has written extensively on the history of the left.
  19. ^ a b "What an Elizabeth Warren Presidency Would Look Like". In These Times. 7 January 2020. Retrieved 16 January 2022. Sanders, like Warren, clearly appreciates that movements are the motor that drives change, and a Sanders administration, like a Warren administration, would partner with movements to achieve change. Both candidates offer a compelling vision that can inspire people, and both share the goal of orienting America closer to social democracy.
  20. ^ "News Analysis: President Biden's speech to Congress offers a dose of left-leaning economic populism". Los Angeles Times. 29 April 2021.
  21. ^ Mayorga, Rene Antonio (January 1997). "Bolivia's Silent Revolution". Journal of Democracy. 8 (1): 142–156. doi:10.1353/jod.1997.0006. S2CID 154064089.
  22. ^ a b Kirk Andrew Hawkins, Venezuela's Chavismo and Populism in Comparative Perspective. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2010, ISBN 978-0-521-76503-9, page 84
  23. ^ Luiz C. Barbosa, ed. (2015). Guardians of the Brazilian Amazon Rainforest: Environmental Organizations and Development. Routledge. p. 43. ISBN 9781317577645. Lula da Silva's form of economic liberalism can be classified as "socialist neoliberalism." This means that one uses the wealth generated by the market to finance social programs to lift people out of poverty.
  24. ^ Armando Boito, ed. (2021). Reform and Political Crisis in Brazil: Class Conflicts in Workers' Party Governments and the Rise of Bolsonaro Neo-fascism. BRILL. p. 75. ISBN 9789004467743. Being a variation of populism, Lulism did not organize its social base, which remained politically dispersed and was kept as a "deposit of votes" for the presidential candidates of the pt.
  25. ^ de la Torre, Carlos (2013). Populismus in Lateinamerika. Zwischen Demokratisierung und Autoritarismus (PDF) (in German). Friedrich Ebert Stiftung.
  26. ^ Carlos de la Torre (2010). Populist Seduction in Latin America. Ohio University Press. p. 173.
  27. ^ Raúl L. Madrid (2012). The Rise of Ethnic Politics in Latin America. Cambridge University Press. p. 75.
  28. ^ Felbab-Brown, Vanda (3 July 2018). "Andrés Manuel López Obrador and a new era of politics in Mexico". Brookings. Retrieved 20 April 2021.
  29. ^ Albert Boime, ed. (2008). Art in an Age of Civil Struggle, 1848-1871. University of Chicago Press. p. 422. ISBN 9780226063423. Mount's mature views on blacks were expressed formally through his affiliation with the Democratic Party, the party of slavery. He opposed both abolition and the left-wing populism generated by Jacksonian ideals.
  30. ^ Sean Patrick Adams, ed. (2013). A Companion to the Era of Andrew Jackson. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9781118290835. The truth is that studies of Jacksonian radicalism have been few and far between in the last two decades (just check the dates of the books I have cited), so it is no surprise that very few people know about Paul Brown, William Mathers ...
  31. ^ Eugenio F. Biagini, ed. (2004). Liberty, Retrenchment and Reform: Popular Liberalism in the Age of Gladstone, 1860-1880. Cambridge University Press. p. 108. ISBN 9780521548861. ... which was one of the recurrent themes in European and in particular American radicalism : Jacksonian democrats were ...
  32. ^ Craig Calhoun, ed. (2012). The Roots of Radicalism: Tradition, the Public Sphere, and Early Nineteenth-Century Social Movements. University of Chicago Press. p. 266.
  33. ^ Nichols, John (15 August 2018). "The Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Effect". The Nation. Retrieved 4 March 2021.
  34. ^ Cas Mudde, Cristobal Rovira Kaltwasser, ed. (2017). Populism: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press. p. 60.
  35. ^ "Democratic socialist Bernie Sanders is too far left for Sweden's ruling Social Democrats, official says". The Week. 20 February 2020. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
  36. ^ Michael Shamir, ed. (2017). The Elections in Israel 2013. Routledge. pp. 40–41. ISBN 9781351295826.
  37. ^ Robert J. Pekkanen; Steven R. Reed; Daniel M. Smith, eds. (2023). Japan Decides 2021: The Japanese General Election. Springer Nature. p. 65. ISBN 9783031113246. Reiwa Shinsengumi is usually viewed as a progressive populist party.
  38. ^ "Record number of women and LGBTQ election hopefuls run to shake up Japan politics". The Japan Times. 7 July 2022. The candidates include 50-year-old transgender candidate Karen Yoda from the Reiwa Shinsengumi party, whose catchphrase is "Diversity is power," ...
  39. ^ "South Korea's 'Bernie Sanders' touts universal basic income ahead of polls". Financial Times. 12 October 2021. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
  40. ^ Shin, Hyonhee (14 September 2021). "'S.Korea's Bernie Sanders' tops presidential polls with talk of universal basic income". Reuters. Retrieved 11 October 2021.
  41. ^ "After Choi-gate". Jacobin magazine. 12 June 2016. Retrieved 16 November 2021. This allows a populist figure like Lee Jae-myung, mayor of wealthy satellite city Seongnam, to be presented as a progressive presidential candidate, simply because he instituted a minor basic income program and has directly called for President Park's imprisonment.
  42. ^ "이재명 공약 핵심 "세계 최초 기본소득 지급하는 나라"". 11 October 2021. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
  43. ^ "이재명 "기본소득, 국민 반대하면 추진 않겠다…그것이 민주주의"". The Chosun Ilbo. 2 December 2021. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
  44. ^ "홍준표 "'경기도 차베스' 이길 야권 주자는 나뿐"". 경기시문. 4 November 2021. Retrieved 26 November 2021.
  45. ^ "이재명 "보수 가치 제대로 서는 나라 만들고 싶어"" [Lee Jae-myung said "I want to create a country where conservative values are properly established".]. Yonhap News Agency. 21 September 2021. Retrieved 11 October 2021.
  46. ^ "이재명 "관료적 규제 없애야...내가 친기업 1등"" [Lee Jae-myeong said, "We need to get rid of bureaucratic regulations ... I'm the number 1 pro-business".]. 머니투데이. 11 November 2021. Retrieved 29 November 2021. 이 후보는 이날 서울 중구 대한상공회의소에서 최태원 대한상의 회장과 만나 "창의와 혁신을 가로막는 관료적 규제는 축소하거나 없애야 하는 것"이라면서 "기업은 새로운 아이템 발굴이 자유롭게 이뤄질 수 있도록 해야한다"고 밝혔다. [Candidate Lee met with Choi Tae-won, chairman of the Korea Chamber of Commerce and Industry, at the Korea Chamber of Commerce and Industry in Jung-gu, Seoul, and said "Bureaucratic regulations that hinder creativity and innovation should be reduced or removed", "Companies should be free to discover new items".]
  47. ^ ""이재명의 청년에 여성 자리는 없나": 심상정 "李, 反페미니즘 자처"" [Is there no female position in Lee Jae-myung says "young people"?: Sim Sang-jung said, "Lee (Jae-myung) claims to be anti-feminist".]. The Chosun Ilbo. 12 November 2021. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
  48. ^ "김현종, 헨리 키신저 만났다…이재명에 "행운을 빈다"" [Kim Hyun-jong met Henry Kissinger. ... Henry Kissinger said "good wishes" to Lee Jae-myung.]. MBN 뉴스. 1 December 2021. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
  49. ^ "이재명, '좌파'보다 '박정희'에 가깝다" [Lee Jae-myeong. It's more like "Park Chung-hee" than "Left".]. Dong-A Ilbo. 7 November 2021. Retrieved 26 November 2021.
  50. ^ "이재명은 사회민주주의 정치인이다" [Lee Jae-myung is a social democratic politician.]. Workers' Solidarity. 27 July 2021. Retrieved 26 November 2021.
  51. ^ "학생운동권 "윤석열 지지…진정한 좌파라면 이재명 못찍어"". The Chosun Ilbo. 5 November 2021. Retrieved 26 November 2021. "당신이 진정한 좌파라면 이재명을 '사회민주주의자' 혹은 '개혁의 적임자'로 판단하면 안 된다" ["If you are a true leftist, you should not judge Lee Jae-myung as a 'social democratic' or 'right person for reform'."]
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Further reading

  • Albertazzi, Daniele; McDonnell, Duncan (2008). Twenty-First Century Populism. Palgrave MacMillan. ISBN 9780230013490.
  • Dingeldey, Philip (2021). "A People's Tribunate in a Populist Democracy? A Thought Experiment between Republicanism and Populism re-visited.” In: Mayr, Stefan/ Orator, Andreas (eds.): Populism, Popular Sovereignty, and Public Reason (= Central and Eastern European Forum for Legal, Political, and Social Theory Yearbook, Vol. 10). Peter Lang. ISBN 9783631840832, pp. 71-84.
  • Weyland, Kurt (2013). "The Threat from the Populist Left". Journal of Democracy. 24 (3): 18–32. doi:10.1353/jod.2013.0045. S2CID 154433853.
  • March, Luke (2007). "From Vanguard of the Proletariat to Vox Populi: Left-Populism as a 'Shadow' of Contemporary Socialism". SAIS Review of International Affairs. 27 (1): 63–77. doi:10.1353/sais.2007.0013. S2CID 154586793.

External links

March 22, 2023
left, wing, populism, also, called, social, populism, political, ideology, that, combines, left, wing, politics, with, populist, rhetoric, themes, rhetoric, often, consists, anti, elitism, opposition, establishment, speaking, common, people, recurring, themes,. Left wing populism also called social populism is a political ideology that combines left wing politics with populist rhetoric and themes Its rhetoric often consists of anti elitism opposition to the Establishment and speaking for the common people 1 Recurring themes for left wing populists include economic democracy social justice and scepticism of globalization Socialist theory plays a lesser role than in traditional left wing ideologies 2 3 An Occupy Wall Street sign with the 99 slogan a left wing populist movement Criticism of capitalism and globalization is also linked to unpopular United States military operations especially those in the Middle East 4 It is considered that the populist left does not exclude others horizontally and relies on egalitarian ideals 1 Some scholars also speak of nationalist left wing populist movements a feature exhibited by the Sandinista Revolution in Nicaragua or the Bolivarian Revolution in Venezuela Unlike exclusionary or right wing populism left wing populist parties tend to claim to be supportive of minority rights 5 as well as to an idea of nationality that is not delimited by cultural or ethnic particularisms 6 Bernie Sanders and Alexandria Ocasio Cortez self described democratic socialists are examples of modern left wing populist politicians in the United States 7 8 9 10 With the rise of Syriza and Podemos during the European debt crisis there has been increased debate on new left wing populism in Europe 11 12 Traditionally left wing populism has been associated with the socialist movement since the 2010s there has been a movement close to left wing populism in the left liberal camp 13 14 15 16 17 some of which are considered social democratic positions 18 19 Left liberal economic populism appealing to the working class has been prominent in some countries such as the Joe Biden of the U S and Lee Jae myung of South Korea in the 2020s where liberal and conservative parties are the main two parties 20 Contents 1 By country 1 1 Americas 1 1 1 Argentina 1 1 2 Bolivia 1 1 3 Brazil 1 1 4 Ecuador 1 1 5 Mexico 1 1 6 United States 1 1 7 Venezuela 1 2 Asia 1 2 1 Israel 1 2 2 Japan 1 2 3 South Korea 1 3 Europe 1 3 1 Germany 1 3 2 Greece 1 3 3 Italy 1 3 4 Netherlands 1 3 5 Spain 1 3 6 United Kingdom 2 Left wing populist political parties 2 1 Active left wing populist parties or parties with left wing populist factions 2 1 1 Represented in national legislatures 2 1 2 Not represented in national legislatures 3 See also 4 References 5 Further reading 6 External linksBy country EditAmericas Edit Argentina Edit Nestor Kirchner left and Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner right served as Presidents of Argentina from 2003 2007 and 2007 2015 Main article Kirchnerism Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner the President of Argentina from 2007 to 2015 and her husband Nestor Kirchner were said to practice Kirchnerism a variant of Peronism that was often mentioned alongside other Pink tide governments in Latin America During Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner s time in office she spoke against certain free trade agreements such as the proposed Free Trade Area of the Americas Her administration was characterized by tax increases especially on agricultural exports during the late 2000s commodities boom Argentina s main export in order to fund social programs such as the PROGRESAR university scholarships the universal allocation per child subsidy commonly referred to as AUH in Argentina Asignacion Universal por Hijo a means tested benefit to families with children who qualified for the subsidy and progressive social reforms such as the recognition of same sex marriage Bolivia Edit The leadership of Siles Zuazo practised left wing populism 21 as well as that of former socialist President Evo Morales 22 Brazil Edit Main article Lulism Lulism is a pragmatic centre left ideology to the extent that it is called socialist neoliberalism 23 but it appeals to a progressive common class image and also has populist elements in terms of popular mobilization 24 Ecuador Edit Rafael Correa the former President of Ecuador has stressed the importance of a populist discourse and has integrated technocrats to work within this context for the common Ecuadorians Correa has blamed foreign non governmental organizations for exploiting the indigenous people in the conflict between the indigenous peoples and the government 25 26 27 Mexico Edit The current governing party the National Regeneration Movement is a left wing populist party 28 United States Edit Bernie Sanders in 2020 See also Congressional Progressive Caucus Democratic Socialists of America and Justice Democrats Huey Long the Great Depression era Governor turned Senator of Louisiana was one of the first modern American left wing populists in the United States He advocated for wealth redistribution under his Share Our Wealth plan which had its roots in the classical left wing populist movement of Jacksonian democracy 29 which is related to the radical movement 30 31 32 Meanwhile Bernie Sanders and Alexandria Ocasio Cortez self described democratic socialists are examples of modern left wing populist politicians 7 8 9 10 Ocasio Cortez s Democratic primary victory over the establishment Democratic Caucus Chair Joe Crowley a 10 term incumbent was widely seen as the biggest upset victory in the 2018 midterm election primaries The Nation magazine described Ocasio Cortez as a new rock star who was storming the country on behalf of insurgent populists 33 Elizabeth Warren is also mentioned as a representative left wing or liberal populist 16 17 34 and she is sometimes evaluated as a social democrat 18 19 35 Venezuela Edit Main article Chavismo The presidency of Hugo Chavez resembled a combination of folk wisdom and charismatic leadership with doctrinaire socialism 22 Asia Edit Israel Edit Yesh Atid is a radical centrist or liberal party In Israeli politics liberal is not particularly a concept that is distinguished by left or right but Yesh Atid is evaluated that it has a left wing populist element in part They criticize elitism that causes political corruption and demand a position on material redistribution 13 However Yesh Atid has an element of economic liberalism simultaneously 36 Tarō Yamamoto in 2020 He is mentioned as a left wing liberal populist Japan Edit Reiwa Shinsengumi led by Tarō Yamamoto is a representative Japanese left wing populist movement While he and his party use anti established rhetoric they are sometimes called liberal populist According to experts Yamamoto uses a simple message to spotlight single individuals left behind including people struggling with poverty or non permanent employment who used to devote themselves to radical conservatism 14 Reiwa Shinsengumi is also called a progressive populist because they are not rooted in the traditional Japanese socialist or Labor movement but are culturally and economically progressive representing marginalized young people and minorities 37 38 South Korea Edit South Korea s leftist political party the Progressive Party advocates direct democracy anti neoliberalism and anti imperialism They support a liberal nationalist foreign policy hostile to Japan Lee Jae myung one of DPK s major politicians has been mentioned as a populist in some media outlets 39 40 15 41 Lee Jae myung pledged to implement the world s first universal basic income system if elected in the 2022 South Korean presidential election but said he would not pay for it if the people opposed it 42 43 South Korea s right wing politician Hong Joon pyo saw Lee Jae myung in September 2021 and accused him of being Chavez of Gyeonggi Province 44 However there is controversy in South Korea as to whether Lee Jae myung can be viewed as a left wing populist in the context of the United States or Europe He once said he was conservative and suggested policies far from general left wing populism in the United States and Europe partially insisting on economic liberal policies such as deregulating companies on some issues 45 46 In addition he showed a somewhat conservative tendency on some social agendas 47 In addition Kim Hyun jong the head of the International Trade Special Division at the Lee Jae myung Camp met with Henry Kissinger and Henry Kissinger gave Lee Jae myung a handwritten autograph called Good wishes 48 In addition Lee Jae myung s political orientation was somewhat ambiguous so conservative journalist Dong A Ilbo denied that he was a left wing politician while South Korea s far left organization Workers Solidarity evaluated him as a social democratic However another South Korean left wing undongkwon group denied that Lee Jae myung is not a social democratic 49 50 51 Europe Edit Germany Edit Oskar Lafontaine member of The Left The Party of Democratic Socialism was explicitly studied under left wing populism especially by German academics 52 The party was formed after the reunification of Germany and it was similar to right wing populists in that it relied on anti elitism and media attention provided by charismatic leadership 53 The party competed for the same voter base with the right wing populists to some extent although it relied on a more serious platform in Eastern Germany This was limited by anti immigration sentiments preferred by some voters although the lines were for example crossed by Oskar Lafontaine who used a term previously associated with the Nazi Party Fremdarbeiter foreign workers in his election campaign in 2005 53 The PDS merged into the Left Party in 2007 54 The Left Party is also viewed as a left wing populist party 55 but it is not the basis of the party as a whole Greece Edit Syriza which became the largest party since January 2015 elections has been described as a left wing populist party after its platform incorporated most demands of the popular movements in Greece during the government debt crisis Populist traits in Syriza s platform include the growing importance of the People in their rhetoric and us the people against them the establishment antagonism in campaigning On immigration and LGBT rights Syriza is inclusionary Syriza itself does not accept the label populist 56 57 Italy Edit The Italian Five Star Movement M5S which became the largest party in the 2018 general election has often been described as a big tent populist party 58 59 but sometimes also as a left wing populist movement 60 the five stars which are a reference to five critical issues for the party are public water sustainable transport sustainable development right to Internet access and environmentalism typical proposals of left wing populist parties 61 However despite its background in left wing politics the M5S has often expressed right wing views on immigration 62 In September 2019 the M5S formed a government with the centre left Democratic Party PD and the left wing Free and Equal LeU with Giuseppe Conte at its head 63 64 The government has been sometimes referred to as a left wing populist cabinet 65 Netherlands Edit The Socialist Party has run a left wing populist platform after dropping its communist course in 1991 66 Although some have pointed out that the party has become less populist over the years it still includes anti elitism in its recent election manifestos 67 It opposes what it sees as the European superstate Spain Edit Pablo Iglesias leader of Podemos The left wing populist party Podemos achieved 8 of the national vote in the 2014 European Parliament election Due to avoiding nativist language typical of right wing populists Podemos can attract left wing voters disappointed with the political establishment without taking sides in the regional political struggle 68 In the 2015 election for the national parliament Podemos reached 20 65 of the vote and became the third largest party in the parliament after the conservative People s Party with 28 71 and the Spanish Socialist Workers Party with 22 02 In the new parliament Podemos holds 69 out of 350 seats which has resulted in the end of the traditional two party system in Spain 69 In a November 2018 interview with Jacobin Inigo Errejon argues that Podemos requires a new national popular strategy to win more elections 70 United Kingdom Edit Main article Labour Party leadership of Jeremy CorbynLeft wing populist political parties EditThe examples and perspective in this section deal primarily with Europe and the Americas and do not represent a worldwide view of the subject You may improve this section discuss the issue on the talk page or create a new section as appropriate April 2017 Learn how and when to remove this template message Active left wing populist parties or parties with left wing populist factions Edit Main article List of populists Represented in national legislatures Edit Argentina Frente de Todos 71 Belgium Workers Party of Belgium Bulgaria Bulgarian Socialist Party Bosnia Alliance of Independent Social Democrats Bolivia Movement for Socialism 72 Brazil Workers Party 73 Communist Party of Brazil Socialism and Liberty Party Chile Broad Front factions Chile Digno Colombia Alternative Democratic Pole Colombia Humana Cyprus Citizens Alliance Progressive Party of Working People Denmark Inuit Ataqatigiit Red Green Alliance Republic Socialist People s Party 74 Dominican Republic Dominican Liberation Party factions Ecuador Citizen Revolution Movement Europe Party of the European Left The Left in the European Parliament GUE NGL Estonia Estonian Centre Party 75 Finland Left Alliance Finland France La France Insoumise 76 77 Germany The Left 55 Greece Syriza 78 79 Haiti Platfom Pitit Desalin Honduras Libertad y Refundacion Libre India Communist Party of India Marxist Communist Party of India Indonesia Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle Just and Prosperous People s Party Ireland Northern Ireland Sinn Fein 80 People Before Profit Solidarity Italy Democratic Party factions 81 82 83 Five Star Movement factions 79 84 85 86 Italian Left Japan Reiwa Shinsengumi 87 88 89 90 Luxembourg The Left Mexico National Regeneration Movement Labor Party Mongolia Mongolian People s Party Netherlands Socialist Party 91 Nicaragua Sandinista National Liberation Front Norway Red Party 92 better source needed Paraguay Guasu Front Peru Free Peru Poland Your Movement Portugal Left Bloc Romania Social Democratic Party 93 94 95 Russia Communist Party of the Russian Federation factions For a New Socialism San Marino United Left Active Citizenship Serbia Socialist Party of Serbia Movement of Socialists Slovakia Direction Slovak Social Democracy South Africa Economic Freedom Fighters 96 South Korea Progressive Party Spain Podemos 97 98 99 Mas Pais United Left Sweden Left Party 92 better source needed Taiwan New Power Party Turkey Peoples Democratic Party 100 United Kingdom Labour Party factions 101 102 103 United States Democratic Party factions 104 105 106 Democratic Socialists of America 107 108 Venezuela United Socialist Party of Venezuela 109 Zimbabwe ZANU PF 110 Not represented in national legislatures Edit Austria Communist Party of Austria Chile Equality Party Progressive Party 111 Czechia The Left Party of Civic Rights Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia Estonia Estonian United Left Party Finland Communist Party of Finland Greece Popular Unity Course of Freedom Italy Communist Refoundation Party 112 Democracy and Autonomy Power to the People Iran People s Mujahedin of Iran 113 Malaysia Socialist Party of Malaysia Namibia Namibian Economic Freedom Fighters Russia Patriots of Russia Left Bloc Left Front Russian Socialist Movement Serbia Party of the Radical Left Slovakia Socialists sk Turkey Patriotic Party Turkey Ukraine Communist Party of Ukraine 114 United Kingdom Scottish Socialist Party 115 Northern Independence Party 116 See also EditChantal Mouffe Chavismo Democratic socialism Equalitarianism Ernesto Laclau Jacobin politics Kirchnerism Lulism Lumpenproletariat Left liberalism Left libertarianism Radicalism historical Left wing nationalism Narodniks New Left Pink tide Popular socialism Post capitalism Post neoliberalism Progressivism Economic progressivism Progressive liberalism Redwashing Right wing populism Social democracy Socialism of the 21st century Welfare stateReferences Edit a b Albertazzi and McDonnell p 123 Zaslove Andrej June 2008 Here to Stay Populism as a New Party Type European Review 16 3 319 336 doi 10 1017 S1062798708000288 S2CID 145702059 Roth Silke 17 April 2018 Introduction Contemporary Counter Movements in the Age of Brexit and Trump Sociological Research Online 23 2 496 506 doi 10 1177 1360780418768828 Hartleb Florian 2004 Rechts und Linkspopulismus Eine Fallstudie anhand von Schill Partei und PDS Right and left populism A case study based on Schill Party and PDS in German Wiesbaden p 162 Mudde C Rovira Kaltwasser C 2013 Exclusionary vs inclusionary populism comparing contemporary Europe and Latin America Government and Opposition 48 2 147 174 doi 10 1017 gov 2012 11 Custodi J 2020 Nationalism and populism on the left The case of Podemos Nations and Nationalism 27 3 705 720 doi 10 1111 nana 12663 S2CID 225127425 a b Sullivan Sean Costa Robert 2 March 2020 Trump and Sanders lead competing populist movements reshaping American politics The Washington Post Retrieved 4 March 2021 a b Ross Coleman Aaron 22 August 2020 Alexandria Ocasio Cortez and the future of the left Vox Retrieved 4 March 2021 a b Lerer Lisa W Herndon Astead 18 February 2021 When Ted Cruz and A O C Agree Yes the Politics of GameStop Are Confusing The New York Times Retrieved 4 March 2021 a b Levitz Eric 27 June 2018 Ocasio Cortez Proved That Identity Politics Is an Asset for Berniecrats The New York Times Retrieved 4 March 2021 Mudde Cas 17 February 2015 The problem with populism The Guardian Retrieved 22 June 2015 Zabala Santiago 2 December 2014 In Europe not all populist parties are the same AlJazeera Retrieved 22 June 2015 a b Toril Aalberg Frank Esser Carsten Reinemann eds 2014 Populist Political Communication in Europe Routledge p 211 ISBN 9781317224747 Indeed there are some similarities between Yesh Atid and left wing populist parties First the distinction between the pure people and the corrupt political establishment which characterizes left wing populism Alonso amp Kaltwasser 2014 also exists in Yesh Atid rhetoric The same is true for the call for material redistribution which characterizes both left wing populism Alonso amp Kaltwasser 2014 and Yesh Atid a b Helen Hardacre Timothy S George Keigo Komamura Franziska Seraphim eds 2021 Japanese Constitutional Revisionism and Civic Activism Rowman amp Littlefield p 136 ISBN 9781793609052 Sometimes regarded as a liberal populist party a new political party Reiwa Shinsengumi arose in a riot of people who believed they have been marginalized by Japanese capitalism and democracy 26 The party s charismatic leader Yamamoto uses a simple message to spotlight single individuals left behind including people struggling with poverty or non permanent employment who used to devote themselves to radical conservatism a b Lee Jae myung Populist Left wing Unapologetic Korea Expose 23 February 2019 Retrieved 16 November 2021 a b Anthea Roberts Nicolas Lamp eds 2021 Six Faces of Globalization Who Wins Who Loses and Why It Matters Harvard University Press p 14 ISBN 9780674245952 Right wing populism lives on past Trump s presidency for instance just as left wing populism continued to thrive after Elizabeth Warren and Bernie Sanders conceded the US Democratic primary a b Here s What Elizabeth Warren Looks Like as a Comic Book Hero Elizabeth Warren a populist liberal icon is now a comic book star ABC News 8 April 2016 Retrieved 16 January 2022 a b Are Elizabeth Warren and Bernie Sanders the same The debate explained Vox 18 June 2019 Retrieved 16 January 2022 Warren is a social democrat Sanders is a democratic socialist The difference between the two is best explained by how Warren and Sanders convey their skepticism toward capitalism said Sheri Berman a political scientist with Barnard College who has written extensively on the history of the left a b What an Elizabeth Warren Presidency Would Look Like In These Times 7 January 2020 Retrieved 16 January 2022 Sanders like Warren clearly appreciates that movements are the motor that drives change and a Sanders administration like a Warren administration would partner with movements to achieve change Both candidates offer a compelling vision that can inspire people and both share the goal of orienting America closer to social democracy News Analysis President Biden s speech to Congress offers a dose of left leaning economic populism Los Angeles Times 29 April 2021 Mayorga Rene Antonio January 1997 Bolivia s Silent Revolution Journal of Democracy 8 1 142 156 doi 10 1353 jod 1997 0006 S2CID 154064089 a b Kirk Andrew Hawkins Venezuela s Chavismo and Populism in Comparative Perspective New York Cambridge University Press 2010 ISBN 978 0 521 76503 9 page 84 Luiz C Barbosa ed 2015 Guardians of the Brazilian Amazon Rainforest Environmental Organizations and Development Routledge p 43 ISBN 9781317577645 Lula da Silva s form of economic liberalism can be classified as socialist neoliberalism This means that one uses the wealth generated by the market to finance social programs to lift people out of poverty Armando Boito ed 2021 Reform and Political Crisis in Brazil Class Conflicts in Workers Party Governments and the Rise of Bolsonaro Neo fascism BRILL p 75 ISBN 9789004467743 Being a variation of populism Lulism did not organize its social base which remained politically dispersed and was kept as a deposit of votes for the presidential candidates of the pt de la Torre Carlos 2013 Populismus in Lateinamerika Zwischen Demokratisierung und Autoritarismus PDF in German Friedrich Ebert Stiftung Carlos de la Torre 2010 Populist Seduction in Latin America Ohio University Press p 173 Raul L Madrid 2012 The Rise of Ethnic Politics in Latin America Cambridge University Press p 75 Felbab Brown Vanda 3 July 2018 Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador and a new era of politics in Mexico Brookings Retrieved 20 April 2021 Albert Boime ed 2008 Art in an Age of Civil Struggle 1848 1871 University of Chicago Press p 422 ISBN 9780226063423 Mount s mature views on blacks were expressed formally through his affiliation with the Democratic Party the party of slavery He opposed both abolition and the left wing populism generated by Jacksonian ideals Sean Patrick Adams ed 2013 A Companion to the Era of Andrew Jackson John Wiley amp Sons ISBN 9781118290835 The truth is that studies of Jacksonian radicalism have been few and far between in the last two decades just check the dates of the books I have cited so it is no surprise that very few people know about Paul Brown William Mathers Eugenio F Biagini ed 2004 Liberty Retrenchment and Reform Popular Liberalism in the Age of Gladstone 1860 1880 Cambridge University Press p 108 ISBN 9780521548861 which was one of the recurrent themes in European and in particular American radicalism Jacksonian democrats were Craig Calhoun ed 2012 The Roots of Radicalism Tradition the Public Sphere and Early Nineteenth Century Social Movements University of Chicago Press p 266 Nichols John 15 August 2018 The Alexandria Ocasio Cortez Effect The Nation Retrieved 4 March 2021 Cas Mudde Cristobal Rovira Kaltwasser ed 2017 Populism A Very Short Introduction Oxford University Press p 60 Democratic socialist Bernie Sanders is too far left for Sweden s ruling Social Democrats official says The Week 20 February 2020 Retrieved 16 January 2022 Michael Shamir ed 2017 The Elections in Israel 2013 Routledge pp 40 41 ISBN 9781351295826 Robert J Pekkanen Steven R Reed Daniel M Smith eds 2023 Japan Decides 2021 The Japanese General Election Springer Nature p 65 ISBN 9783031113246 Reiwa Shinsengumi is usually viewed as a progressive populist party Record number of women and LGBTQ election hopefuls run to shake up Japan politics The Japan Times 7 July 2022 The candidates include 50 year old transgender candidate Karen Yoda from the Reiwa Shinsengumi party whose catchphrase is Diversity is power South Korea s Bernie Sanders touts universal basic income ahead of polls Financial Times 12 October 2021 Retrieved 2 December 2021 Shin Hyonhee 14 September 2021 S Korea s Bernie Sanders tops presidential polls with talk of universal basic income Reuters Retrieved 11 October 2021 After Choi gate Jacobin magazine 12 June 2016 Retrieved 16 November 2021 This allows a populist figure like Lee Jae myung mayor of wealthy satellite city Seongnam to be presented as a progressive presidential candidate simply because he instituted a minor basic income program and has directly called for President Park s imprisonment 이재명 공약 핵심 세계 최초 기본소득 지급하는 나라 11 October 2021 Retrieved 2 December 2021 이재명 기본소득 국민 반대하면 추진 않겠다 그것이 민주주의 The Chosun Ilbo 2 December 2021 Retrieved 2 December 2021 홍준표 경기도 차베스 이길 야권 주자는 나뿐 경기시문 4 November 2021 Retrieved 26 November 2021 이재명 보수 가치 제대로 서는 나라 만들고 싶어 Lee Jae myung said I want to create a country where conservative values are properly established Yonhap News Agency 21 September 2021 Retrieved 11 October 2021 이재명 관료적 규제 없애야 내가 친기업 1등 Lee Jae myeong said We need to get rid of bureaucratic regulations I m the number 1 pro business 머니투데이 11 November 2021 Retrieved 29 November 2021 이 후보는 이날 서울 중구 대한상공회의소에서 최태원 대한상의 회장과 만나 창의와 혁신을 가로막는 관료적 규제는 축소하거나 없애야 하는 것 이라면서 기업은 새로운 아이템 발굴이 자유롭게 이뤄질 수 있도록 해야한다 고 밝혔다 Candidate Lee met with Choi Tae won chairman of the Korea Chamber of Commerce and Industry at the Korea Chamber of Commerce and Industry in Jung gu Seoul and said Bureaucratic regulations that hinder creativity and innovation should be reduced or removed Companies should be free to discover new items 이재명의 청년에 여성 자리는 없나 심상정 李 反페미니즘 자처 Is there no female position in Lee Jae myung says young people Sim Sang jung said Lee Jae myung claims to be anti feminist The Chosun Ilbo 12 November 2021 Retrieved 13 November 2021 김현종 헨리 키신저 만났다 이재명에 행운을 빈다 Kim Hyun jong met Henry Kissinger Henry Kissinger said good wishes to Lee Jae myung MBN 뉴스 1 December 2021 Retrieved 2 December 2021 이재명 좌파 보다 박정희 에 가깝다 Lee Jae myeong It s more like Park Chung hee than Left Dong A Ilbo 7 November 2021 Retrieved 26 November 2021 이재명은 사회민주주의 정치인이다 Lee Jae myung is a social democratic politician Workers Solidarity 27 July 2021 Retrieved 26 November 2021 학생운동권 윤석열 지지 진정한 좌파라면 이재명 못찍어 The Chosun Ilbo 5 November 2021 Retrieved 26 November 2021 당신이 진정한 좌파라면 이재명을 사회민주주의자 혹은 개혁의 적임자 로 판단하면 안 된다 If you are a true leftist you should not judge Lee Jae myung as a social democratic or right person for reform De Lange Sarah December 2005 Political extremism in Europe European Political Science 4 4 476 488 doi 10 1057 palgrave eps 2210056 S2CID 154045990 a b Albertazzi and McDonnell p 132 Albertazzi and McDonnell p 133 a b Professor of Politics Michael Keating Professor David McCrone eds 2013 The Crisis of Social Democracy in Europe Edinburgh University Press p 147 ISBN 978 0748665822 Stavrakaki Yannis Katsambekis Giorgos June 2014 Left wing populism in the European periphery the case of SYRIZA Journal of Political Ideologies 19 2 119 142 doi 10 1080 13569317 2014 909266 S2CID 143735344 Katsourides Yiannos 2016 Radical Left Parties in Government The Cases of SYRIZA and AKEL Palgrave Macmillan pp 103ff Greece leaves behind the austerity that ruined it party leader vows after vote CNN 25 January 2015 Retrieved 2 January 2015 Maria Elizabetta Lanzone 2014 The post modern populism in Italy The case of the Five Star Movement In Dwayne Woods Barbara Wejnert eds Many Faces of Populism Current Perspectives Emerald Group Publishing ISBN 978 1 78350 257 8 Paul Rowinski 2013 Euroscepticism in the Berlusconi and Murdoch Press In Alec Charles ed Media Democracy A Comparative Study Cambridge Scholars Publishing p 77 ISBN 978 1 4438 5008 7 John Foot 2014 Modern Italy Palgrave Macmillan pp 223 226 ISBN 978 1 137 04192 0 Emilie van Haute Anika Gauja eds 2015 List of party names and abbreviations Party Members and Activists Routledge p 18 ISBN 978 1 317 52432 8 Donatella M Viola 2015 Italy In Donatella M Viola ed Routledge Handbook of European Elections Routledge p 113 ISBN 978 1 317 50363 7 Italy s Left Wing Populists Won t Stop the Far Right They ll Strengthen It Foreign Policy Paolo Gerbaudo 2014 Populism 2 0 Social media activism the generic Internet user and interactive direct democracy In Daniel Trottier Christian Fuchs eds Social Media Politics and the State Protests Revolutions Riots Crime and Policing in the Age of Facebook Twitter and YouTube Routledge pp 76 77 ISBN 978 1 317 65548 0 Quando Luigi Di Maio disse che le Ong sono taxi del mare La polemica con Saviano Huffington Post Antonucci Maria Cristina 21 September 2019 Da sinistra a destra Conte fa bene il presidentissimo Analisi di Antonucci Formiche net Conte Campione di trasformismo www iltempo it Last ditch effort Italy s Conte pushes for populist left wing alliance EuroNews Andeweg R B Galen A Irwin 2002 Governance and politics of the Netherlands Basingstoke Palgrave Macmillan p 51 ISBN 978 0333961575 Otjes Simon Louwerse Tom 2013 Populists in Parliament Comparing Left Wing and Right Wing Populism in the Netherlands Political Studies 63 60 79 doi 10 1111 1467 9248 12089 hdl 10 1111 1467 9248 12089 S2CID 145762295 Carlos de la Torre 11 December 2014 The Promise and Perils of Populism Global Perspectives University Press of Kentucky p 211 ISBN 978 0 8131 4687 4 Entscheidung in Spanien Konservative sind Wahlsieger verlieren aber Mehrheit Spiegel Online 20 December 2015 German Rebuilding the Demos Juan Jose Cruces 21 February 2016 El puchero de gallina del populismo kirchnerista The chicken pot of the Kirchnerite populism La Nacion in Spanish Retrieved 9 February 2017 South America s New Caudillos The New York Times 16 October 2014 Retrieved 18 February 2017 Eduardo Porter 3 May 2016 Populist Policies Let Brazil s Tomorrow Slip Away The New York Times Retrieved 9 February 2017 Nordsieck Wolfram Parties and Elections in Europe Parties and Elections in Europe Tonis Saarts Persistence and decline of political parties the case of Estonia East European Politics 2015 Vol 31 No 2 Lk 214 Denis Tugdual 5 April 2013 Le Pen Melenchon la mode est au langage populiste L Express in French Jean Laurent Cassely 15 April 2013 Le populisme vintage de Jean Luc Melenchon trop elabore pour etre efficace Slate in French Katsambekis Giorgos 2014 Left wing Populism in the European Periphery The Case of SYRIZA Journal of Political Ideologies academia edu 19 2 119 doi 10 1080 13569317 2014 909266 S2CID 143735344 a b Pausch Robert 4 February 2015 Populismus oder Extremismus Radikale Parteien in Europa via Die Zeit Suiter Jane 2017 Ireland The rise of Populism on the Left and Among Independents In Toril Aalberg Frank Esser Carsten Reinemann Jesper Stromback Claes H de Vreese eds Populist Political Communication in Europe New York and London Routledge p 131 ISBN 978 1 138 65480 8 Si al taglio dei parlamentari no allo ius culturae il Pd ha assunto in blocco il verbo populista Il populismo di sinistra per fermare il populismo di destra non funziona e non solo in Umbria Linkiesta Strippoli Francesco 2017 Emiliano populista inconsapevole Alles ist moglich onvista onvista de Rub Matthias Rom Koalition Funf Sterne und Lega Neue Regierung in Italien wird Freitag vereidigt Faz net via www faz net Kabinett Conte Euro Kritiker Savona 81 wird Europaminister 31 May 2018 石戸諭 22 July 2019 山本太郎 れいわ 左派ポピュリズムの衝撃とどう向き合うか news yahoo co jp in Japanese Yahoo JAPAN Retrieved 23 July 2019 Nakamura Kasane 1 August 2019 れいわ 山本太郎代表 私はポピュリストです 羽鳥慎一モーニングショーで左派ポピュリズムとの指摘に宣言 in Japanese HuffPost Retrieved 4 January 2020 Kamei Hiroshi 31 July 2019 れいわ躍進 左派ポピュリズムの日本版 N国も無視できず AERA dot in Japanese Asahi Shimbun p 1 Retrieved 4 January 2020 Ohi Akai 3 July 2019 山本太郎は日本のバーニー サンダースか 左派ポピュリズムと中道リベラルの 戦略的互恵関係 webronza asahi com in Japanese Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc pp 1 4 Retrieved 4 January 2020 Andeweg R B Galen A Irwin 2002 Governance and politics of the Netherlands Basingstoke Palgrave Macmillan p 51 ISBN 978 0333961575 a b Timbro Authoritarian Populism Index Timbro Rumaniens Justiz im Belagerungszustand Neue Zurcher Zeitung 21 February 2018 Retrieved 19 February 2019 Aufgefallen Der stille Anfuhrer Publik Forum de 10 March 2017 Retrieved 19 February 2019 Beichelt Timm 2013 2001 6 1 1 Strukturelle Kontextbindungen Demokratische Konsolidierung im postsozialistischen Europa Die Rolle der politischen Institutionen in German Springer Verlag p 299 ISBN 978 3322813206 Red Tide From economic freedom to white genocide extremism grabs the spotlight in English Daily Maverick 14 October 2013 Retrieved 1 November 2013 Cristoval Rovira Kaltwasser 2014 Carlos de la Torre ed Explaining the Emergence of Populism in Europe and the Americas The Promise and Perils of Populism Global Perspectives University Press of Kentucky p 211 ISBN 978 0 8131 4687 4 Christopher Ross Bill Richardson Begona Sangrador Vegas 2016 Contemporary Spain Routledge p 75 ISBN 978 1 317 75164 9 Cas Mudde 17 February 2015 The problem with populism The Guardian Tekdemir Omer 20 February 2015 Is a socialist EU possible via left wing populist parties such as Syriza Podemos and the HDP openDemocracy Bush Stephen 4 January 2017 Labour is running a great risk with its populist turn New Statesman Retrieved 16 June 2017 Merrick Jane 11 May 2017 Can left wing populism win the UK election cnn com Retrieved 16 June 2017 Riddell Mary 1 October 2013 Ed Miliband s populism has turned him into the Tories Red Peril telegraph co uk Retrieved 23 June 2017 More liberal populist movement emerging in Democratic Party ahead of 2016 elections By Zachary A Goldfarb The Washington Post 30 November 2013 Retrieved 15 April 2017 Etzioni Amitai 8 January 2015 The Left s Unpopular Populism The Atlantic Archived from the original on 10 March 2015 Retrieved 10 April 2022 America in Populist Times An Interview With Chantal Mouffe By Waleed Shahid The Nation 15 December 2016 Retrieved 15 April 2017 Populists the Elites and Us Retrieved 10 August 2017 Fighting Faux Populism Retrieved 10 August 2017 Left Wing Populists in Latin America PDF Archived from the original PDF on 2 April 2016 Retrieved 10 February 2017 Drinkwater Michael 1991 The State and Agrarian Change in Zimbabwe s Communal Areas Basingstoke Palgrave Macmillan pp 93 96 ISBN 978 0312053505 Libertad y Desarrollo 10 September 2021 2021 ENTRANDO A LA RECTA FINAL ELECTORAL PDF About TAP Timbro Authoritarian Populism Index 2019 Timbro Retrieved 28 September 2020 Fred Reinhard Dallmayr 199 Border Crossings Toward a Comparative Political Theory Lexington Books p 136 ISBN 9780739100431 To provide an Islamic justification for their populist program Mojahedin often utilized the euphemism coined by Shariati Populism in Ukraine in a Comparative European Context in English PDF Problems of Post Communism vol 57 no 6 pp 3 18 November December 2010 Archived from the original PDF on 16 May 2014 Retrieved 29 November 2013 Cas Mudde 10 November 2008 Radikale Parteien in Europa bpb bpb de Retrieved 25 September 2015 Niven Alex 3 April 2021 Is the Northern Independence party more serious than it looks theguardian com Retrieved 4 April 2021 Further reading EditAlbertazzi Daniele McDonnell Duncan 2008 Twenty First Century Populism Palgrave MacMillan ISBN 9780230013490 Dingeldey Philip 2021 A People s Tribunate in a Populist Democracy A Thought Experiment between Republicanism and Populism re visited In Mayr Stefan Orator Andreas eds Populism Popular Sovereignty and Public Reason Central and Eastern European Forum for Legal Political and Social Theory Yearbook Vol 10 Peter Lang ISBN 9783631840832 pp 71 84 Weyland Kurt 2013 The Threat from the Populist Left Journal of Democracy 24 3 18 32 doi 10 1353 jod 2013 0045 S2CID 154433853 March Luke 2007 From Vanguard of the Proletariat to Vox Populi Left Populism as a Shadow of Contemporary Socialism SAIS Review of International Affairs 27 1 63 77 doi 10 1353 sais 2007 0013 S2CID 154586793 External links Edit The winds are changing a new left populism for Europe London School of Economics Eurocrisis in the Press 2015 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Left wing populism amp oldid 1145106044, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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