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Lagerstroemia speciosa

February 12, 2023

Lagerstroemia speciosa (giant crepe-myrtle, Queen's crepe-myrtle, banabá plant, or pride of India, or "Queen's Flower" or "Jarul"[2][3]) is a species of Lagerstroemia native to tropical southern Asia. It is a deciduous tree with bright pink to light purple flowers.[4]

Lagerstroemia speciosa
Flowers on a tree in Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Lythraceae
Genus: Lagerstroemia
Species:
L. speciosa
Binomial name
Lagerstroemia speciosa
Synonyms[1]
  • Adambea glabra Lam.
  • Lagerstroemia augusta Wall. nom. inval.
  • Lagerstroemia flos-reginae Retz.
  • Lagerstroemia macrocarpa Wall. nom. inval.
  • Lagerstroemia major Retz.
  • Lagerstroemia munchausia Willd.
  • Lagerstroemia plicifolia Stokes
  • Lagerstroemia reginae Roxb.
  • Munchausia speciosa L.

The name "Queen's Flower" is derived from the specific epithet 'reginae' or 'flosreginae', which means "imperial or flower of the queen". The tree bears beautiful attractive flowers in profusion in purple, lilac or pinkish-violet colours, and lasts for many months. Its timber is next only to teak in its strength.[2] It is called Queen Crape myrtle as its flowers look like delicate crape paper.

Etymology

The genus Lagerstroemia was first described by Carl Linnaeus. The name Lagerstroemia recognizes Magnus von Lagerstroem, a Swedish naturalist and a merchant who provided specimens from the East for Linnaeus.[2]

Names

The names in English and other vernacular languages are as under:[5]

Growth

 
Bark in Selangor, Malaysia.

It is a small to medium-sized to large tree growing to 15 metres (49 ft) tall, with an attractive symmetrical crown having a short bole or trunk with smooth, flaky light grey or cream-colured bark.[2] The leaves are simple, deciduous, oval to elliptic with stout petiole, 8–15 cm (3.1–5.9 in) long and 3–7 cm (1.2–2.8 in) broad, with an acute apex. The flowers are produced in erect panicles 20–40 cm (7.9–15.7 in) long, each flower with six white to purple petals 2–3.5 cm (0.79–1.38 in) long. It has simple leaves with, glabrous, large, elliptic or oblong lanceolate.[2]

The fruits are ellipsoid or sub-globose woody capsules. They are green at first, but later turn brown and finally black. The fruits hang on to the trees. It is easily raised through seeds. It grows best on rich deep alluvial loams and prefers warm, humid and moist soils and can withstand water logging.[2]

Flowering occurs 3–5 years after planting and the main flowering season is April–June with a second flush in July–August. The fruits ripen in November–January.[2] p. 198

Cultivation and uses

It is grown in South East Asia, China India, Bangladesh and the Philippines and even extends to Australia. It is native to India particularly in the western ghats of India covering Belgaum, north and south Kanara, Malabar and Travancore and also in Assam and West Bengal.[2] It is also widely cultivated as an ornamental plant in tropical and subtropical areas.The leaves of the banabá and other parts are used widely in the Philippines, Taiwan, and Japan as a tea preparation. Banabá herb is one of the 69 herbal plants promoted by the Philippine Department of Health (DOH).[6] In Vietnam, the plant's young leaves are consumed as vegetables, and its old leaves and mature fruit are used in traditional medicine for reducing glucose in blood.[7] The seeds have narcotic properties.[8]

Chemistry

Chemical compounds that have been isolated from the extract include corosolic acid, lager-stroemin, flosin B, and reginin A.[9]

Medicinal uses

Giant Crape Myrtle's seeds are narcotic, bark and leaves are purgative, roots are astringent, stiumlant and febrifuge (fever removing). Decoction of leaves is used in diabetes. In Manipur, its fruit is used locally applied for apathy of the mouth [5]

Recognition

Pride of India or Tāmhan in Marathi is recognised as the state flower of the state of Maharashtra in India.[10]

In Hindu mythology, it is said that worshipping Lord Brahma results in blossoming of these flowers of Giant Crape Myrtle and Banaba tree and as such it brings prosperity to the house.[11]

In Buddhism

In Theravada Buddhism, this plant is said to have been used as the tree for achieving enlightenment, or Bodhi by the eleventh Buddha ("Paduma – පදුම"), and the twelfth Buddha (Naarada – නාරද)t. The plant is known as මුරුත (Murutha) in Sinhala and Mahaasona – මහාසොණ in Sanskrit.

Gallery

References

  1. ^ Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers. — The Plant List
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h Swaminathan, M.S.; Kochar, S.L. (2019). Major Flowering Trees of Tropical Gardens. Cambridge University Press. p. 197.
  3. ^ "Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers. pride of India." PLANTS Profile, United States Department of Agriculture / Natural Resources Conservation Service. Retrieved 2008-07-15.
  4. ^ "Lagerstroemia speciosa (Giant Crape Myrtle, Queen's Crape Myrtle) | North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox". plants.ces.ncsu.edu. Retrieved 2021-11-01.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i Khatri, Vikas (2020). Herbal Cure – Medicinal Plalnst that heal natrually. V&S Publishers. p. 43.
  6. ^ Eduardo B. Principe and Aurora S. Jose (2002). "Propagation Management Of Herbal and Medicinal Plants" (PDF). Research Information Series On Ecosystems. Retrieved 25 January 2013.[dead link]
  7. ^ Tanaka, Yoshitaka; Van Ke, Nguyen (2007). Edible Wild Plants of Vietnam: The Bountiful Garden. Thailand: Orchid Press. p. 90. ISBN 978-9745240896.
  8. ^ Hargreaves, Dorothy; Hargreaves, Bob (1970). Tropical Trees of the Pacific. Kailua, Hawaii: Hargreaves. p. 16.
  9. ^ "Antidiabetes and Anti-obesity Activity of Lagerstroemia speciosa"
  10. ^ "Maharashtra State Symbols". www.onlinesaraswati.com. Retrieved 2019-10-17.
  11. ^ Samantaray, Anamika (15 December 2020). "Health Benefits Of Queen Flower Plant!". StylEnrich.com.
  • Huxley, A., ed. (1992). New RHS Dictionary of Gardening 3: 10.

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lagerstroemia speciosa.
  • Flora of Pakistan: Lagerstroemia speciosa

February 12, 2023
lagerstroemia, speciosa, giant, crepe, myrtle, queen, crepe, myrtle, banabá, plant, pride, india, queen, flower, jarul, species, lagerstroemia, native, tropical, southern, asia, deciduous, tree, with, bright, pink, light, purple, flowers, flowers, tree, kolkat. Lagerstroemia speciosa giant crepe myrtle Queen s crepe myrtle banaba plant or pride of India or Queen s Flower or Jarul 2 3 is a species of Lagerstroemia native to tropical southern Asia It is a deciduous tree with bright pink to light purple flowers 4 Lagerstroemia speciosaFlowers on a tree in Kolkata West Bengal IndiaScientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade EudicotsClade RosidsOrder MyrtalesFamily LythraceaeGenus LagerstroemiaSpecies L speciosaBinomial nameLagerstroemia speciosa L Pers Synonyms 1 Adambea glabra Lam Lagerstroemia augusta Wall nom inval Lagerstroemia flos reginae Retz Lagerstroemia macrocarpa Wall nom inval Lagerstroemia major Retz Lagerstroemia munchausia Willd Lagerstroemia plicifolia Stokes Lagerstroemia reginae Roxb Munchausia speciosa L The name Queen s Flower is derived from the specific epithet reginae or flosreginae which means imperial or flower of the queen The tree bears beautiful attractive flowers in profusion in purple lilac or pinkish violet colours and lasts for many months Its timber is next only to teak in its strength 2 It is called Queen Crape myrtle as its flowers look like delicate crape paper Contents 1 Etymology 2 Names 3 Growth 4 Cultivation and uses 5 Chemistry 6 Medicinal uses 7 Recognition 8 In Buddhism 9 Gallery 10 References 11 External linksEtymology EditThe genus Lagerstroemia was first described by Carl Linnaeus The name Lagerstroemia recognizes Magnus von Lagerstroem a Swedish naturalist and a merchant who provided specimens from the East for Linnaeus 2 Names EditThe names in English and other vernacular languages are as under 5 English Pride of India Queen Crepe Myrtle 5 Assamese Assamese Ajbar 5 Bengali Bengali Ajar or Jarul 5 Hindi जर ल Jarul 5 Indonesian Bungur Kannada Hole dasavala Kapampangan Banaba Marathi त म हण Tamhan ज र ळ Jarul म ठ ब ड र 5 Motha Bondara Tagalog Banaba Vietnamese Bằng lăng nước Malayalam മണ മര ത പ മര ത Thai xinthnil Inthanin Thai Tamil கதல மலர or Kadali 5 Telugu Tel Manimaruthu 5 Malay Bungor rayaGrowth Edit Bark in Selangor Malaysia It is a small to medium sized to large tree growing to 15 metres 49 ft tall with an attractive symmetrical crown having a short bole or trunk with smooth flaky light grey or cream colured bark 2 The leaves are simple deciduous oval to elliptic with stout petiole 8 15 cm 3 1 5 9 in long and 3 7 cm 1 2 2 8 in broad with an acute apex The flowers are produced in erect panicles 20 40 cm 7 9 15 7 in long each flower with six white to purple petals 2 3 5 cm 0 79 1 38 in long It has simple leaves with glabrous large elliptic or oblong lanceolate 2 The fruits are ellipsoid or sub globose woody capsules They are green at first but later turn brown and finally black The fruits hang on to the trees It is easily raised through seeds It grows best on rich deep alluvial loams and prefers warm humid and moist soils and can withstand water logging 2 Flowering occurs 3 5 years after planting and the main flowering season is April June with a second flush in July August The fruits ripen in November January 2 p 198Cultivation and uses EditThis section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed October 2011 Learn how and when to remove this template message It is grown in South East Asia China India Bangladesh and the Philippines and even extends to Australia It is native to India particularly in the western ghats of India covering Belgaum north and south Kanara Malabar and Travancore and also in Assam and West Bengal 2 It is also widely cultivated as an ornamental plant in tropical and subtropical areas The leaves of the banaba and other parts are used widely in the Philippines Taiwan and Japan as a tea preparation Banaba herb is one of the 69 herbal plants promoted by the Philippine Department of Health DOH 6 In Vietnam the plant s young leaves are consumed as vegetables and its old leaves and mature fruit are used in traditional medicine for reducing glucose in blood 7 The seeds have narcotic properties 8 Chemistry EditChemical compounds that have been isolated from the extract include corosolic acid lager stroemin flosin B and reginin A 9 Medicinal uses EditGiant Crape Myrtle s seeds are narcotic bark and leaves are purgative roots are astringent stiumlant and febrifuge fever removing Decoction of leaves is used in diabetes In Manipur its fruit is used locally applied for apathy of the mouth 5 Recognition EditPride of India or Tamhan in Marathi is recognised as the state flower of the state of Maharashtra in India 10 In Hindu mythology it is said that worshipping Lord Brahma results in blossoming of these flowers of Giant Crape Myrtle and Banaba tree and as such it brings prosperity to the house 11 In Buddhism EditIn Theravada Buddhism this plant is said to have been used as the tree for achieving enlightenment or Bodhi by the eleventh Buddha Paduma පද ම and the twelfth Buddha Naarada න රද t The plant is known as ම ර ත Murutha in Sinhala and Mahaasona මහ ස ණ in Sanskrit Gallery Edit Fruit leaves amp black drongo Kolkata West Bengal India Flowers and leaves Kolkata West Bengal India Dried fruits Kolkata West Bengal India Dried fruits Kolkata West Bengal India Flowering small tree Narsingdi Bangladesh Inflorescence close up Camarines Sur Philippines Young plants in polybags Thrissur Kerala India References Edit Lagerstroemia speciosa L Pers The Plant List a b c d e f g h Swaminathan M S Kochar S L 2019 Major Flowering Trees of Tropical Gardens Cambridge University Press p 197 Lagerstroemia speciosa L Pers pride of India PLANTS Profile United States Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service Retrieved 2008 07 15 Lagerstroemia speciosa Giant Crape Myrtle Queen s Crape Myrtle North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox plants ces ncsu edu Retrieved 2021 11 01 a b c d e f g h i Khatri Vikas 2020 Herbal Cure Medicinal Plalnst that heal natrually V amp S Publishers p 43 Eduardo B Principe and Aurora S Jose 2002 Propagation Management Of Herbal and Medicinal Plants PDF Research Information Series On Ecosystems Retrieved 25 January 2013 dead link Tanaka Yoshitaka Van Ke Nguyen 2007 Edible Wild Plants of Vietnam The Bountiful Garden Thailand Orchid Press p 90 ISBN 978 9745240896 Hargreaves Dorothy Hargreaves Bob 1970 Tropical Trees of the Pacific Kailua Hawaii Hargreaves p 16 Antidiabetes and Anti obesity Activity of Lagerstroemia speciosa Maharashtra State Symbols www onlinesaraswati com Retrieved 2019 10 17 Samantaray Anamika 15 December 2020 Health Benefits Of Queen Flower Plant StylEnrich com This article includes a list of general references but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations March 2014 Learn how and when to remove this template message Huxley A ed 1992 New RHS Dictionary of Gardening 3 10 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lagerstroemia speciosa Flora of Pakistan Lagerstroemia speciosa Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Lagerstroemia speciosa amp oldid 1135979261, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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