Isthmus Nahuatl (Isthmus Nahuat; native name: melaꞌtájto̱l) is a Nahuatl dialect cluster spoken by about 30,000 people in Veracruz, Mexico. According to Ethnologue 16, the Cosoleacaque dialect is 84% intelligible with Pajapan, and 83% intelligible with Mecayapan.
It is spoken in the following Veracruzan communities:[2]
Municipality of Cosoleacaque (settlements of Arroyo el Limón, Bajo Grande, Barrancas (Buenos Aires), Cajiapan, Calzadas (Kilómetro Catorce), Canticas, Cascajal II, Cerro Blanco, Coacotla, Cocal, Colonia Luis Donaldo Colosio, Cosoleacaque, Desviación a San Antonio, Ejido la Bomba, Ejido la Colmena, El Rincón de la Colmena (Sección Carrizal), El Arenal, El Bejarito, El Cascajal, El Colorado, El Conejo, El Coyote, El Gavilán, El Kilómetro Diecisiete, El Limón, El Manguito, El Nacaste, El Nanchital, El Naranjito, El Naranjo, El Oasis, El Palmar, El Piñal, El Potrerillo, El Soriano, El Zapote, Entrada a Zapotal, Estero del Pantano, Fernando Gutiérrez Barrios, Fortín de las Flores, Hermenegildo J. Aldana, José F. Gutiérrez, La Capilla, La Ceiba, La Colmena, La Encantada, La Esperanza, La Lagunita, La Magdalena, Las Carmelitas, Las Palmas, Las Palomas, Lázaro Cárdenas, Loma Bella, Loma de Achota, Lomas de Camalotal, Los Dos Hermanos, Los Mangos, Martín Lancero, Mata las Cañas, Minatitlán, Monte Alto, Monte Grande, Mozapan, Mulato, Nacaste (Las Trancas), Nuevo Cantica (Los Cocos), Ojo de Agua, Paso la Lajilla, Potrero Hermoso, Progreso, Quinta Santa Teresita (Sector Flor de Mayo), Rancho Alegre, Rancho las 3 M, Rincón Sabroso, Rincón de las Palmas, San Antonio, San Judas Tadeo, San Pedro Mártir, Santuario, Tacojalpa, Temoloapan, Tlalixcoya, Tulapan, Zacatal Victoria, and Zapote Negro)
Municipality of Mecayapan (settlements of Arroyo Texizapan, Cerro de la Palma, El Chaparral, El Diamante (Francisco Méndez Vázquez), El Naranjo, El Palmar (Antonio Sánchez Zarate), El Rubí, Encino Amarillo, Guasinapa, Huazuntlán, Ixhuapan, Juan Morales, La Bocana (Dos Bocas), La Ceiba, La Curva, La Lajilla, La Línea, La Perla del Golfo, Los Arrecifes, Los Cedros, Los Tulipanes, Mario Bautista Luis, Mecayapan, Mecayapan Dos, Omar, Plan Agrario, Rancho Ihueras, San Andrés Chamilpa, and Tonalapa)
Municipality of Pajapan (settlements of 2 Huasteca, Batajapan, Benito Juárez, El Crucero, El Escobar, El Guayabal (Clara Olivera Cruz), El Manantial, El Mangal, El Paraíso (Luis Alberto Yañez), El Pescador (El Moral), El Tulipán (Vicente Matías), El Venado, Familia Cruz, Gustavo Pineda Romero, Jicacal, José María Morelos (Morelos), Las Mangas, Lázaro Cárdenas del Río (Lázaro Cárdenas), Lorenzo Azua Torres, Los Bencomo (San Miguel), Los Martínez, Minzapan, Nanchital, Nancinta, Nuevo Mangal, Pajapan, Palma Real, Playa Linda, San Juan Volador, San Miguel Temoloapan (Nuevo San Miguel), Santa Úrsula (Cesar Ocaña Rueda), Sayultepec, Tecolapa, and Toronjal)
Municipality of Zaragoza (settlements of Bajo Grande, Campo Nuevo, Carrizal, Cascajal, Colonia Marco Antonio Muñoz, El Laurel, El Roble, El Trébol, Mango Jumuapan, Mangos Salinas, Mangotal, Predio Tapalam, San Martín (Estribillal), San Miguel, Rancho Viejo, Tarcoalolla, Zaragoza)
PhonologyEdit
The following description is that of Mecayapan dialect.
H is used at the beginnings of words before u, and has no value of its own. C is used to represent /k/ before the vowels a and o, while qu is used before i and e.
A macron under the letter (a̱, e̱, i̱, o̱) is used to mark long vowels.
Stress on the second-last syllable of a word that does not end in l or r, and stress on the last syllable of a word that does end in l or r, is unmarked. All other stress patterns are marked with an acute accent on the stressed vowel (á, é, í, ó).
The letters f, k, v and z occur only in loanwords.
GrammarEdit
This variety of Nahuatl has developed a distinction between inclusive and exclusive "we", which Classical Nahuatl and other modern forms of Nahuatl lack. The exclusive form is regularly derived from the first person singular ("I"), while the inclusive continues the suppletive first person plural of Classical Nahuatl.
Classical
Isthmus-Mecayapan
1st person singular
niquīsa"I leave"
niqui̱sa"I leave"
1st person singular
niqui̱saj"We (not you) leave"
1st person plural exclusive
1st person plural
tiquīsaj"We leave"
tiqui̱saj"We (including you) leave"
1st person plural inclusive
ReferencesEdit
^Cosoleacaque at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022) Mecayapan at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022) Pajapan at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
isthmus, nahuatl, isthmus, nahuat, native, name, melaꞌtájto, nahuatl, dialect, cluster, spoken, about, people, veracruz, mexico, according, ethnologue, cosoleacaque, dialect, intelligible, with, pajapan, intelligible, with, mecayapan, melaꞌtájto, lnative, tome. Isthmus Nahuatl Isthmus Nahuat native name melaꞌtajto l is a Nahuatl dialect cluster spoken by about 30 000 people in Veracruz Mexico According to Ethnologue 16 the Cosoleacaque dialect is 84 intelligible with Pajapan and 83 intelligible with Mecayapan Isthmus Nahuatlmelaꞌtajto lNative toMexicoRegionVeracruz TabascoNative speakers 39 000 cited 1990 2000 1 Language familyUto Aztecan Aztecan Nahuan NahuatlEastern Peripheral NahuatlIsthmus NahuatlWriting systemLatinLanguage codesISO 639 3Variously a href https iso639 3 sil org code nhk class extiw title iso639 3 nhk nhk a Cosoleacaque a href https iso639 3 sil org code nhx class extiw title iso639 3 nhx nhx a Mecayapan a href https iso639 3 sil org code nhp class extiw title iso639 3 nhp nhp a PajapanGlottologisth1245This article contains IPA phonetic symbols Without proper rendering support you may see question marks boxes or other symbols instead of Unicode characters For an introductory guide on IPA symbols see Help IPA Contents 1 Communities 2 Phonology 2 1 Vowels 2 2 Consonants 3 Writing system 4 Grammar 5 References 6 Bibliography 7 External linksCommunities EditIt is spoken in the following Veracruzan communities 2 Municipality of Cosoleacaque settlements of Arroyo el Limon Bajo Grande Barrancas Buenos Aires Cajiapan Calzadas Kilometro Catorce Canticas Cascajal II Cerro Blanco Coacotla Cocal Colonia Luis Donaldo Colosio Cosoleacaque Desviacion a San Antonio Ejido la Bomba Ejido la Colmena El Rincon de la Colmena Seccion Carrizal El Arenal El Bejarito El Cascajal El Colorado El Conejo El Coyote El Gavilan El Kilometro Diecisiete El Limon El Manguito El Nacaste El Nanchital El Naranjito El Naranjo El Oasis El Palmar El Pinal El Potrerillo El Soriano El Zapote Entrada a Zapotal Estero del Pantano Fernando Gutierrez Barrios Fortin de las Flores Hermenegildo J Aldana Jose F Gutierrez La Capilla La Ceiba La Colmena La Encantada La Esperanza La Lagunita La Magdalena Las Carmelitas Las Palmas Las Palomas Lazaro Cardenas Loma Bella Loma de Achota Lomas de Camalotal Los Dos Hermanos Los Mangos Martin Lancero Mata las Canas Minatitlan Monte Alto Monte Grande Mozapan Mulato Nacaste Las Trancas Nuevo Cantica Los Cocos Ojo de Agua Paso la Lajilla Potrero Hermoso Progreso Quinta Santa Teresita Sector Flor de Mayo Rancho Alegre Rancho las 3 M Rincon Sabroso Rincon de las Palmas San Antonio San Judas Tadeo San Pedro Martir Santuario Tacojalpa Temoloapan Tlalixcoya Tulapan Zacatal Victoria and Zapote Negro Municipality of Mecayapan settlements of Arroyo Texizapan Cerro de la Palma El Chaparral El Diamante Francisco Mendez Vazquez El Naranjo El Palmar Antonio Sanchez Zarate El Rubi Encino Amarillo Guasinapa Huazuntlan Ixhuapan Juan Morales La Bocana Dos Bocas La Ceiba La Curva La Lajilla La Linea La Perla del Golfo Los Arrecifes Los Cedros Los Tulipanes Mario Bautista Luis Mecayapan Mecayapan Dos Omar Plan Agrario Rancho Ihueras San Andres Chamilpa and Tonalapa Municipality of Pajapan settlements of 2 Huasteca Batajapan Benito Juarez El Crucero El Escobar El Guayabal Clara Olivera Cruz El Manantial El Mangal El Paraiso Luis Alberto Yanez El Pescador El Moral El Tulipan Vicente Matias El Venado Familia Cruz Gustavo Pineda Romero Jicacal Jose Maria Morelos Morelos Las Mangas Lazaro Cardenas del Rio Lazaro Cardenas Lorenzo Azua Torres Los Bencomo San Miguel Los Martinez Minzapan Nanchital Nancinta Nuevo Mangal Pajapan Palma Real Playa Linda San Juan Volador San Miguel Temoloapan Nuevo San Miguel Santa Ursula Cesar Ocana Rueda Sayultepec Tecolapa and Toronjal Municipality of Zaragoza settlements of Bajo Grande Campo Nuevo Carrizal Cascajal Colonia Marco Antonio Munoz El Laurel El Roble El Trebol Mango Jumuapan Mangos Salinas Mangotal Predio Tapalam San Martin Estribillal San Miguel Rancho Viejo Tarcoalolla Zaragoza Phonology EditThe following description is that of Mecayapan dialect Vowels Edit Front backClose i iː o oːMid e eːOpen a aːConsonants Edit Labial Dental Palatal Velar GlottalNasal m n ɲPlosive voiceless p t k ʔvoiced b d ɡAffricate voiceless ts tʃvoiced dz a dʒ Fricative voiceless s ʃ hvoiced z ʒ a Approximant l j wRhotic r a b Occur only as allophones Writing system EditA a B b C c Ch ch D d E e F f G g H h I i J j K k L l a b k tʃ d e ɡ i j h k l M m N n O o P p Q q R r S s T t U u V v X x Y y Z z ꞌ m n o p k r s t w ʃ j ʔ H is used at the beginnings of words before u and has no value of its own C is used to represent k before the vowels a and o while qu is used before i and e A macron under the letter a e i o is used to mark long vowels Stress on the second last syllable of a word that does not end in l or r and stress on the last syllable of a word that does end in l or r is unmarked All other stress patterns are marked with an acute accent on the stressed vowel a e i o The letters f k v and z occur only in loanwords Grammar EditThis variety of Nahuatl has developed a distinction between inclusive and exclusive we which Classical Nahuatl and other modern forms of Nahuatl lack The exclusive form is regularly derived from the first person singular I while the inclusive continues the suppletive first person plural of Classical Nahuatl Classical Isthmus Mecayapan1st person singular niquisa I leave niqui sa I leave 1st person singularniqui saj We not you leave 1st person plural exclusive1st person plural tiquisaj We leave tiqui saj We including you leave 1st person plural inclusiveReferences Edit Cosoleacaque at Ethnologue 25th ed 2022 nbsp Mecayapan at Ethnologue 25th ed 2022 nbsp Pajapan at Ethnologue 25th ed 2022 nbsp Catalogo de las Lenguas Indigenas Nacionales Bibliography EditWolgemuth et al 2000 Diccionario Nahuatl de los municipios Mecayapan y Tatahuicapan de Juarez Veracruz Wolgemuth Carl 2002 Gramatica Nahuatl melaʼtajto l de los municipios de Mecayapan y tatahuicapan de Juarez Veracruz Segunda edicion Wolgemuth Carl 2007 Nahuatl grammar of the townships of Mecayapan and Tatahuicapan de Juarez Veracruz SIL International Garcia de Leon Antonio 1976 Pajapan un dialecto mexicano del Golfo in Spanish Mexico D F INAH Ando Koji 2007 Gramatica nahuatl de Pajapan Universidad Veracruzana Xalapa External links Edit nbsp Mexico portal nbsp Languages portalSIL Mexico includes sound recordings Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Isthmus Nahuatl amp oldid 1165441010, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
