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Chennai International Airport

January 01, 1970

"Chennai Airport" redirects here. For the new airport under construction, see Chennai greenfield airport, Parandur.

Chennai International Airport (IATA: MAA, ICAO: VOMM) is an international airport serving the city of Chennai, the capital of Tamil Nadu, India and its metropolitan area. It is located in Tirusulam, around 20 km (12 mi) southwest of the city centre. The airport is the fifth-busiest airport in India, and third by international traffic. It was also the 49th-busiest airport in Asia in 2018, making it one of the four major airports in India under the top 50 list of 2018.[4] In financial year 2023-24, the airport handled over 21 million passengers.[1]

Chennai International Airport
Summary
Airport typePublic
OwnerMinistry of Civil Aviation
OperatorAirports Authority of India
ServesChennai Metropolitan Area
LocationTirusulam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Opened1930; 94 years ago (1930)
Hub for
Focus city for
Elevation AMSL16 m / 52 ft
Coordinates12°58′56″N 80°9′49″E / 12.98222°N 80.16361°E / 12.98222; 80.16361
WebsiteChennai International Airport
Map
MAA
Location in Tamil Nadu
MAA
MAA (India)
Runways
Direction Length Surface
m ft
07/25 3,662 12,025 Asphalt
12/30 2,935 9,629 Asphalt/Concrete
Statistics (April 2023 - March 2024)
Passengers21,207,262 ( 14.2%)
Aircraft movements145,790 ( 5.9%)
Cargo tonnage340,544 ( 0.6%)
Source: AAI[1][2][3]

The airport is served by the airport metro station of the Chennai Metro and the Tirusulam railway station of the Chennai Suburban Railway system. To cope with the passenger traffic, two new terminals, including one satellite terminal, are under construction to handle 40 million passengers per year.[5] Once completed, it will be India's first airport to have a satellite terminal. The new satellite terminal will be connected through a four way underground walkalator for passenger movement across different terminals.[6] Still, the Tirusulam airport complex is expected to reach saturation by 2035, with a peak capacity of 40 million passengers, and a proposal for a new greenfield airport in Parandur has been approved. Once the new airport is commissioned, both airports will be functional.[7]

The older domestic and international blocks 2 and 3 were named after former Chief Ministers of Tamil Nadu K. Kamaraj and C. N. Annadurai, respectively. It was the first airport in India to have international and domestic terminals located adjacent to each other. It was designed by Creative Group, an India-based architecture firm. The airport serves as the southern regional headquarters of the Airports Authority of India (AAI) for South India comprising the states of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Kerala, and the union territories of Puducherry and Lakshadweep. In total, the airport consists of four terminals (Terminals 1-4), where Terminals 1 and 4 are used for domestic arrivals and departures and Terminal 2 for international arrivals and departures. The older Terminal 3 on Terminal 2's western side will be demolished to extend Terminal 2.[8]

History edit

 
Giacomo D'Angelis and his biplane in 1910, the first flight ever in Asia
 
The old terminal (1945) at Meenambakkam

First test flight in Madras edit

The aviation history of the city began in 1910, when a city-based Corsican hotelier Giacomo D'Angelis built an aircraft and tested it in Island Grounds.[9] Inspired by Frenchman, Louis Blériot, the first to fly across English Channel in July 1909,[9][10] D'Angelis collaborated with Simpson's, a leading coach-builder in the city, to build a biplane.[11] The biplane was built entirely from D'Angelis's own designs, fitted with a small horse-power engine. Samuel John Green, a motor engineer at Simpson's, helped with the manufacture and assembly of the biplane.[9] On 10 March 1910, D'Angelis tested the aircraft in the suburb of Pallavaram, making it the first flight ever in Asia.[12] While demonstrating it to the public during the ticketed show, he even took a person from the crowd on the aircraft as his passenger.[11] Immediately, he also arranged a public viewing at the Island Grounds, charging entrance fees for the demonstration.[9]

The interest in flying among prominent residents of the city resulted in the arrival of a set of aviators in 1911 to display the flying machines they had brought with them to India as a marketing initiative.[11] The aviators included Baron de Caters and Jules Tyck.[13] On 15 February 1911, Tyck flew in a Blériot aeroplane in front of the public. The aircraft was wheeled out by eight men with Tyck seated inside the craft wearing an oilskin coat and goggles. The men held the plane till its engine revved up and then let go, and the craft darted forward about 20 yards (18.3 m) before rising into the air. In the air, the craft made a straight flight only for about three-quarters of the length of the ground and descended due to poor weather.[11] Tyck flew again the next day, this time reaching a height of 2,400 feet (730 m), which was witnessed by the then Governor of Madras Sir Arthur Lawley.[11] Two days later, on 18 February, another demonstration was given by Pierre de Caters, when he flew his aircraft in public.[13]

Early commercial aviation history in India edit

The history of civil aviation in India began in December 1912, with the opening of the first domestic air route between Karachi and Delhi by the Indian state Air services in collaboration with the Imperial Airways, United Kingdom. However, it was just an extension of London–Karachi flight of the Imperial Airways. In 1915, the first Indian airline, Tata Air Mail, started a regular airmail service between Karachi and Madras without any patronage from the government, marking the beginning of air transportation in the southern part of India.[14]

A test flight was conducted at the Island Grounds in 1914, when J. W. Madley, a water works engineer, tested an aircraft assembled by him. He flew it over the Red Hills Reservoir to inspect works and shot a couple of aerial photographs of the reservoir from the aircraft.[11]

Madras Flying Club edit

Main article: Madras Flying Club

In March 1930, a discussion initiated by pilot G. Vlasto led to the founding of Madras Flying Club, which became a pioneer in South India.[10][11] The club had 71 founding members, of whom 14 were Indians. Flt Lt H N Hawker became the club's first flight instructor.[10] The club's first Indian chief pilot instructor, Mohammed Ismail Khan, trained several pilots, some of whom were trained professionally or others simply for fun.[10] When the state council of Ceylon built an aerodrome at Ratmalana near Colombo in 1935, the first flight to land there was flown by chief flying instructor of the club Tyndale Biscoe. On 26 October 1936, Captain V. Sundaram, who got the first commercial pilot licence in India, flew a de Havilland Dove aircraft from Karachi to Madras.[11]

First commercial flight edit

 
Tata Sons' Airline timetable, c. 1935

On 15 October 1932, when J. R. D. Tata, founder of Tata Sons Ltd, flew a single-engined de Havilland carrying air mail (postal mail of Imperial Airways) from Karachi's Drigh Road Aerodrome to Bombay's Juhu Airstrip via Ahmedabad, the flight was continued to Madras via Bellary piloted by aviator Nevill Vintcent.[15]

Military use edit

The following units were here at some point with the base being called "St. Thomas Mount":

  • No. 1 Coast Defence Flight Indian Air Force (IAF) Volunteer Reserve (1940–42) became No. 101 (Coast Defence) Flight IAF[16]
  • No. 101 Coast Defence Flight IAF (1942) became No. 101 (General Reconnaissance) Squadron IAF[16]

Airport terminals edit

Madras Airport was one of the first airports of India, commissioned in 1930.[17] The airport was built on land donated by the former governor of Madras Presidency, K. Sriramulu Naidu.[17][18] Although the first aircraft landed in Madras Airport in 1930, the usage was confined only to military operations during World War II.[19] In 1952, the Civil Aviation Department took over its operations followed by the AAI in 1972.

The first passenger art deco–style terminal was completed in 1954 on the northeastern side of Meenambakkam village, thus being referred to as Meenambakkam Airport. In the early 80s, a new terminal was built at Tirusulam and passenger operations were shifted. The new domestic terminal (named Kamaraj Terminal 2) was commissioned in 1985 and the international terminal (named Anna Terminal 3) was commissioned in 1989. The old terminal building became known as Terminal 1 until 2013 and is now used as a cargo terminal for Blue Dart Aviation.[19]

An air cargo complex was commissioned on 1 February 1978 for processing of import, export, and transshipment cargo, in addition to unaccompanied luggage,[20] which is the second gateway air cargo terminal in the country after the one at Kolkata Airport.[21] In November 1988, British Airways inaugurated service to London's Heathrow Airport via Kuwait, linking Chennai to Europe for the first time. The flight was operated by a Lockheed L-1011 TriStar.[22][23] The airline started flying the route nonstop with Boeing 747s in April 1991.[24]

On 23 September 1999, a centre for flowers, fruits and vegetables was commissioned at the cargo terminal.[20] In 2001, Chennai Airport received ISO 9001-2000 certification, the first such international airport in India. During the early days, Madras Airport was one of the largest airports in India handling many international flight connections.[25][26][27]

Delta Air Lines' maiden flight from New York City touched down in May 2005. The service aboard Boeing 767s made a stop in Paris.[28][29] The following October, the carrier stopped serving Chennai. Instead of flying to Mumbai and Chennai via Paris, it had decided to commence a direct flight from New York to Mumbai and hand the Chennai–Paris route over to its partner Air France.[28][30] In 2008, the AAI started major modernisation of the airport.[31]

Administration edit

 
Inside of Chennai International Airport

Chennai Airport is the regional headquarters of the Airports Authority of India (AAI) for the southern region of India comprising the states of Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Kerala, as well as the union territories of Puducherry and Lakshadweep.[32][33][34][35][36] It functions from the ATC Complex within the airport and has 49 airports under its control, including 19 operational AAI airports, 5 operational private/joint venture airports, 5 non-operational airports, 12 military airports, and 8 disused airfields. These include 6 international airports, 15 domestic airports, and 3 customs airports.[37]

Chennai Airport is the centre of the southern flight information region (FIR), one of the four FIRs that the Indian air space is divided into. The regional executive director (RED) is responsible for the air traffic services over the Chennai FIR and airport management on ground at the airports in South India. The Chennai FIR includes terrestrial air space above the five southern states and two southern union territories and the oceanic air space of the southern part of the Bay of Bengal and the eastern part of the Arabian Sea. Coordination with the neighbouring national FIRs of Kolkata and Mumbai and with the neighbouring international FIRs of Sri Lanka, Kuala Lampur, and Yangon for air traffic control purposes are being made with telecommunication links (both voice and data). The immigration services at the airport are handled by the Bureau of Immigration.[38]

Security edit

Chennai Airport is the home to the southern regional office of the Bureau of Civil Aviation Security (BCAS), whose main responsibilities include instituting standards and measures with respect to security of civil flights at international and domestic airports in India.[39] Security of the airport is provided by the Airport Sector (CISF), that includes a dog squad. The dogs are trained to sniff and identify IEDs and narcotics. While working with the bomb disposal squad they screen the bags left unattended. As of today, the CISF team in charge of Chennai Airport security has a dog squad of 9 dogs.[40]

Privatisation edit

The Government of India has proposed to offer a contract to a private operator to maintain and operate the daily operations of the airport. AAI recently invited bids for the same and various firms including Tata, Fraport, Celebi, Sahara, GMR, GVK, and Essar have shown interest.[41][42] The airport employees are protesting against the move fearing job losses.[43]

Facilities edit

Structure edit

Spread over an area 1,323 acres (535 ha),[44] Chennai International Airport consists of three terminals: the old terminal at Meenambakkam (Terminal 1) used for cargo, and the two terminals of the passenger terminal complex at Tirusulam (Terminals 2 and 3) used for domestic and international passenger operations, respectively.

Passenger terminals edit

Today, the passenger terminal complex consists of the newer domestic and international terminals interconnected by the older international block which today houses administrative offices and a restaurant.[17] Although the complex is one continuous structure, it was built incrementally, Anna Terminal (Terminal 3) was added in 1988 to the pre-existing Kamaraj Terminal (Terminal 2).

Terminals 1 and 2
 
Interior of the new international terminal of the airport

The first part to be built was the Kamaraj domestic terminal (Terminal 2) which had two aero-bridges, making it the first airport in India to have aero-bridges at the domestic terminal.[25] Later, the Anna international terminal (Terminal 3) was built with three aero-bridges. After the completion of the international terminal, the old terminal (Terminal 1) at Meenambakkam was used exclusively for cargo.

Terminals 3 and 4

Recently, the international terminal was extended further west by adding a new block which includes three aero-bridges. At present, the new international block (Terminal 4) is used for departures while the older Anna Terminal (Terminal 3) is used for arrivals.

The international and the domestic terminals cover an area of 1.5 km2 (0.58 sq mi) and 1.8 km2 (0.69 sq mi), respectively. The airport is divided into two circles, with five zones each, for administrative conveniences.[45] Around 550 acres (220 ha) of the airport premises fall within the St. Thomas Mount and Pallavaram Cantonment Board's limits. The rest of the area comes under the Meenambakkam town panchayat's jurisdiction.[46] The Kamaraj domestic terminal covers an area of 19,250 m2 (207,200 sq ft) with 48 check-in counters. The Anna international terminal covers an area of 42,870 m2 (461,400 sq ft) with 45 check-in counters and 38 immigration counters, including 16 in the departures area and 22 in the arrivals area, and 18 customs counters, including 2 in the departure area and 16 in the arrival area.[47] There are four entry gates at the airport, two each at both the terminals. There are 5 X-ray baggage facilities at the domestic terminal and 2 at the international terminal.[48] The total area of retail space at the existing domestic and international terminals is 3,250 m2 (35,000 sq ft), comprising 60 concessions including duty-free retail shops, restaurants, snack bars, and executive lounges.[49] The Anna international terminal has 6 boarding gates on the first floor. The Kamaraj domestic terminal has a total of 9 boarding gates, including 6 on the ground floor and 3 on the first floor.[47] The airport has 24 taxiways, including the 411-metre (1,348 ft)-long taxiway M on the southern side commissioned in March 2017, capable of handling 36 aircraft movements per hour.[50] In January 2018, the airport began cross-runway operations to avoid flight delays, increasing aircraft movements from 36 to 42 an hour.[51]

The airport currently has 70 parking bays, one of which can accommodate the super-jumbo Airbus A380.[44] Parking bays at the domestic terminal include one in-contact bay for Airbus A300-sized aircraft, nine in-contact bays for Airbus A320/Boeing 737-sized aircraft, and 49 remote bays for A320/737-sized aircraft. Parking bays at the international terminal include seven in-contact bays for Boeing 747-sized aircraft, 13 remote bays for 747-sized aircraft, one remote bay for an A380 aircraft, and three cargo bays for 747-sized aircraft.[47] Works on the 24 new night parking bays had been completed in the apron area. With the new parking bays, the Chennai Airport has 81 parking bays.[52]

Expansion and Modernization Phase I edit

The airport was modernised and expanded in 2013, with the construction of a new international terminal (Terminal 4), the renovation of the existing Anna international terminal (Terminal 3), the construction of a new domestic terminal (Terminal 1), the extension of the secondary runway, and the creation of a parallel runway, taxiways, aprons, parking bays, and cargo terminal. The new terminals spread across 72,000 m2 (780,000 sq ft) and have 72 passenger check-in counters. However, the plan for the parallel runway has been dropped.[53]

The original plan to build a three-basement-level car parking for about 1,500 vehicles with about 8,000 m2 (86,000 sq ft) of commercial area on the open ground opposite the new domestic terminal building has been deferred temporarily. Instead, a surface-level parking to accommodate 400 vehicles has been planned at a cost of ₹44.2 million.[54]

The terminal complex will have a flyover travellator connecting the existing newer terminals for a distance of about 1 km (0.62 mi). It will have an elevated road on the top and a tube below which will have two walkalators which will connect the three brand new terminals together. The 600 m (1,968 ft 6 in) long walkalator belt was installed on 14 April 2018 at a cost of ₹260 million.

Expansion and Modernization Phase II edit

 
Check-in area

The current development projects include construction of a brand new integrated terminal in place of the older Terminals 2 and 3 which currently lie in between the two newer Terminals 1 and 4. The design is a collaborative effort of team lead involving Frederic Schwartz Architects, Gensler, and led by New Delhi-based Creative Group. Creative Group is the principal architect for the project providing comprehensive architecture and engineering consultancy for the design of the passenger terminal building, parking garage structures, and the roadway access system. The proposed design, based on Gensler's Terminal 2015 concept, will be connected with the design elements of the existing Terminals 1 and 4. It was reported that the new terminal building will have a handling capacity of 10 million passengers and when integrated with the existing terminals, it will provide for a handling capacity of 23 million passengers a year. The new terminal building is expected to have an area of about 140,000 m2 (1,500,000 sq ft) with 104 check-in counters, 16 aero-bridges, and 60 immigration counters, and the two runways would be interconnected by a network of taxiways. The ₹24,760-million integrated terminal programme commenced on 11 July 2018 and its first stage was completed on 8 April 2023.[55] Once its second stage is completed, it will serve as the airport's sole integrated terminal alongside the newer Terminals 1 and 4.

The new Integrated Terminal (Terminal 2) commenced main operations on 7 July 2023, with 26 airlines moving to the terminal. Many retail shops being opened as they move from the previous terminals to the new one.[56] The new terminal is designed with the inspiration of Tamil Nadu culture, with the building's roof being inspired by the pleats of the Bharatanatyam costume, a traditional dress worn by dancers. The flooring and the false ceiling feature Kolam patterns, a type of design found in front of Tamil houses during special occasions.[57] The outside of the terminal features a 1,730-kilogram lamp named the Nachiarkovil Lamp. The design of the pillars erected near the entry gates are inspired by the palm trees found all over the state of Tamil Nadu.[58]

There are 5 check-in islands at the check-in area, with each island featuring 20 check-in counters for various airlines such as Singapore Airlines, Emirates, Air France, and more. Security checks now feature ATRS (Automatic Tray Retrieval System).

Design
 
Nataraja statue at the airport

The design details of the runways are handled by the Airports Authority of India, while architecture firms are limited to designing buildings on the land side of the runway. The present proposal is parallel to the existing runway. The entire design as being organised around "two lush sustainable gardens" and the wing-like roofs helps collect rainwater and become part of the garden.[59]

The domestic terminal building currently measures 139,931 sq ft (13,000.0 m2) and handles 4.74 million passengers a year. The revamped design of the domestic terminal building will accommodate twice as many passengers in a three-storey structure 984 ft long. The new design, based on the organisation of security and passenger circulation, centres around two lush, ecologically sustainable gardens each measuring nearly an acre and includes a parking garage with a green roof over 300 m (980 ft) long and rainwater capture systems collectively known as the "green gate" of the terminal. Expansive glass curtain walls will be incorporated to boost the feeling of airiness and spaciousness, as will skylights.[60] The new terminal will have three levels. The departure area will be featured on the top level with the arrivals section on ground level. The arrivals section will form the base for airlines and other offices with the basement reserved for luggage scanners. The domestic terminal covers 67,700 sq m and will also have a provision of seven gates, two hard-stand hold rooms, and 52 check-in counters, besides eight counters for e-ticketing. The international terminal will cover 59,300 sq m with the provision of two gates with multiple hard-stand hold rooms, 52 check-in counters, eight counters for e-ticketing, 18/10 immigration/custom counters for handling passenger arrivals, and 18 immigration counters for departing passengers. Both the terminals will be equipped with an in-line baggage handling system capable of Level 4 security screening system. This system consists of four departure conveyors of a total length of 3,500 m and can handle 1,200 baggages per hour.[61]

The new terminal buildings measure more than 140,000 m2 (1,500,000 sq ft). The new terminal buildings are expected to cater to 14 million more passengers per annum, including 4 million per annum at the international terminals. With the existing terminals handling 9 million, the airport will be able to handle 23 million passengers per annum after the integration[62] with 16 million in domestic and 7 million in the international terminal.[61] After expansion, the aircraft movements in the airport is likely to increase at the rate of 5 to 7%. By 2020–21, the airport is expected to handle 700 movements a day.[49] The new terminals are expected to clock between 72 and 75 green points of the total 100 for integrated inhabited assessment. The AAI has divided the building for land-side and air-side operations. The spaces are connected with a central security checkpoint for departure and there is a glass bridge on each side of the building for arriving passengers. On the roadside, the new terminals are connected with an elevated corridor, which will have approach and exit ramps.[62] The power requirement at the expanded airport is around 110 kV•A – more than three times the current needs.[63] A new 11,000 kV sub-station has been built by the Tamil Nadu Generation and Distribution Corporation (TANGEDCO) at the airport to serve the terminals, for which the power has been sourced from Kadapperi near Tambaram.[64] The retail space earmarked in the new international and domestic terminals is about 9,000 sq m, nearly thrice as much as the existing one.[49]

Accidents and Controversies

In recent years, there were many reported incidents of ceiling collapses and glass door and window breakages due to the poor quality and improper design of work during the recent modernisation of the airport terminals. The first incident happened on 13 May 2013 when 20 panels caved in near the security hold area due to heavy winds, followed by another incident on 11 August when 23 panels behind the check-in counters at the terminal crashed due to heavy condensation. The last reported incident of a ceiling collapse happened in late April 2015, bringing the total number of incidents to an abnormal 45. As of 11 August 2015, the number of incidents have reached 50 which has been a point of discussion in social networking sites.[65]

Cargo complex edit

The Air Cargo Complex at the Chennai Airport was established in 1978, when all regulatory and facilitating agencies were brought under one roof for faster processing/clearance of international cargo, to cater for air cargo movement in the southern region. At the cargo terminal, AAI functions as ground handling agency for airlines for handling or processing their cargo on ground and acts as custodian on behalf of customs import/export cargo under the customs act of 1962. Spread over an area of 19.5 acres, the complex uses cargo-handling equipments such as elevated transfer vehicle, forklifts, high-mast stackers, and power hydraulic pallet trucks for handling cargo.[20] The covered area of the export wing of the complex is 20,595 sq m while that of the import wing is 20,090 sq m.[66] The existing covered area of cargo terminal in occupation of AAI is 37,085 sq m.[20] There are three ETV build-up/working stations and 18 manual build-up ETV loading positions at the complex.[66]

The cargo complex consists of two divisions, namely, the export and the import facilities. The export facility covers an area of 16,366 sq m and the import facility covers 16,500 sq m.[67] The complex has an exclusive cargo apron which can accommodate three wide-bodied aircraft with ULD parking area and hydrant-refuelling facility at the bay.[66] The Customs department has appointed AAI and AI as the custodian at the complex. The import cargo of all the airlines is solely handled by AAI. The export cargo, on the other hand, is handled by AAI in respect of airlines handled by it while those of the rest of the airlines are handled by AI.[20]

Export area
Ground floor area 5,200 sq m
First floor area (office) 2,295 sq m
Truck dock position/area 14 trucks (865 sq m)
Examination area 770 sq m
Bonded area 2,270 sq m
Import area
Total area 20,090 sq m

The available capacity and cargo handled at the terminal are listed below:

Area Annual capacity (Tonnes) Annual tonnage (Tonnes)
Export General 265,000 160,000
Import 277,460 130,000
Total 542,460 290,000

The existing capacity of the air cargo complex is expected to meet the requirement till 2020. Phase III and IV of the new integrated cargo terminal with latest automated storage and retrieval system is under construction, enhancing the area from 35,920 sq m to 54,620 sq m.

The upcoming import cargo storage and processing facility would have a capacity to handle almost 800,000 tonnes of cargo annually from the existing 300,000 tonnes. The new complex will have an area of 58,000 sq m against the current area of 26,000 sq m. The conventional way of warehouse management will be replaced by automated storage and retrieval system (ASRS) The ASRS would have over 8,000 storage bins and each bin would have a capacity to store 1.3 to 1.5 tonnes of cargo in it. Apart from ASRS, the upcoming facilities would also have multiple temperature-controlled cold storages for perishable cargo,[68] with three chambers at 0 to 12 °C covering a total area of 445 sq m.[69] There would be three fully secured strong rooms for storage and processing of high value cargo, such as gems, jewellery, gold and silver, both in export and import together. The new facility would also have dedicated isolated storage locations for handling dangerous and hazardous cargo.[68]

In 2009, an integrated cargo complex was planned in the cargo complex of the airport. The complex would be constructed, at a cost of ₹1,450 million, in 15 months. While the ground floor would measure 21,000 sq m, the first floor would be built on 12,100 sq m. The new building would be used exclusively for import activities. Once the civil works were completed, the ASRS would be installed. It would cost ₹750 million.[70]

Air traffic control tower edit

Chennai is the home to India's biggest air traffic control (ATC) centre.[71] The ATC tower is located at the Air Traffic Services Complex. There are two radars in Chennai—the mono-pulse secondary surveillance radar at Porur and the Chennai Westing House (terminal) radar.[72] Advance surface movement guidance and control system has been introduced in the ATC tower.[73]

As a first step towards integrating the entire airspace in the country, the automation system at the ATC in Chennai Airport was commissioned on 1 October 2011. The AAI has invested ₹420 million for the Chennai automation system, which runs on Auto Track 3+, a sophisticated air traffic control automation system supplied and installed by US-based Raytheon Technologies.[72][74] A new route radar at Porur has also been installed and the 13-year-old terminal radar at the airport will be replaced. With the automation system in place, all information regarding tower control, approach control, area control and oceanic control would be exchanged electronically in Chennai. It would ensure reliability, thereby enhancing safety of aircraft and passengers.[75][76][77]

Chennai is among the four flight information centres in the country besides Mumbai, Delhi and Kolkata, and the Chennai ATC has Hyderabad, Mangaluru, Thiruvananthapuram and Bangalore under its control. Besides the two radars in Chennai, radar systems in Mangaluru, Bangalore, Bangalore HAL, Shamshabad (Hyderabad), Bellary and Thiruvananthapuram are included in the new system.[78] With the advanced integrated radar technology, ATC in Chennai now has the entire South Indian region on its radar screens, mainly co-ordinating flight movements above 26,000 to 46,000 ft.[72]

Following the Performance-based navigation system (PBN) and the air traffic control automation, in 2011, the AAI initiated a pilot project on a Ground-based augmentation system (GBAS), as part of implementing Gagan (Geo Augmented Navigation) in the country. There will be a set of 3–4 GPS satellites, one geo-synchronous satellite, GPS receivers at end of the runways, a ground station and a VHF data broadcast system. When the pilot project starts, Chennai Airport will be the first airport in the country to have the facility.[79]

Runways edit

 
Runway 07/25 as seen from Saint Thomas Mount

Chennai Airport has two runways—the 3,662 m (12,014 ft) long primary runway No 07/25 (North-east – South-west orientation) and the 2,925 m (9,596 ft) long secondary runway No 12/30 (North-west – South-east orientation). Approach lights include CAT-1 category at runway 07 and CAT-1 type at runway 25 for 510 m. Precision Approach Path Indicator (PAPI)-type landing aids are available in all the runways.[47] Routine maintenance work of the primary runway is carried out twice a week—between 2.30 pm and 4.30 pm on Tuesdays and Saturdays.[80]

Chennai Airport does not have rapid exit taxiways that help pilots to vacate a runway without slowing down the aircraft soon after landing. Planes such as the Airbus A380 and Boeing 747-8 will have to slow down completely to negotiate sharp turns on the taxiway. In 2011, AAI began work on upgrading the existing taxiways and parking bays at the airport to handle these jumbo planes.[81]

The secondary runway, which was initially 2,035 m long, was closed in 2009 to extend it over the Adyar River by means of a bridge over the watercourse at a cost of ₹4,300 million. Initially, 126.59 acres of land for second runway was handed over to the AAI. In March 2011, by acquiring 136 acres of land from the state government, AAI completed extension of the 2,035 m secondary runway by 1,400 m,[82] whose commissioning, initially planned to be by November 2011, has been delayed as the approach lighting system has not been installed.[83] While the cost of extending the runway was projected to be about ₹2,400 million, that of the bridge is almost ₹2,300 million.[44] A bridge has been constructed across the Adyar River to extend the secondary runway by a length of 1,400 m to a total length of 3,445 m, including 835 m on the northern side of the river.[84] The bridge accommodates the runway and a taxiway, making Chennai Airport the only international airport in India to have a runway across a river.[85][86] In Mumbai, only an end of the runway is over Mithi River. When the AAI recommissions the secondary runway, Chennai Airport will join the league of airports with a functional runway across a river.[80]

 
One of the two runways at the airport

With a new airport under consideration, the project for a parallel runway has been put on hold and the total land required for the airport expansion reduced from 1,069.99 acres to 800 acres.[87] AAI planned to operate 2,400 m even after removing obstructions. About 2,085 m of the runway was earlier used for landing only smaller aircraft, like ATR types.[88] In February 2012, airport authorities announced that only about 2,160 m of the secondary runway would be operational as there will be 330 m permanent displacement at GST road side and 780 m displacement at the other end. This restricted length would be enough to operate Airbus A320 and Boeing 737 aircraft without load penalty.[89] Bad planning by the airport authorities, which has resulted in the removal of the very-high-frequency omni range equipment (VOR) from its original location where a link way has been constructed between the main and the secondary runways, has been considered the reason behind the delay.[90]

The present runway occupancy time at the airport (the time an aircraft spends on the runway) is around 70 seconds. By October 2018, the runway occupancy time will be reduced to 60 seconds, with the completion of the ongoing runway development works.[91]

In 2018, the airport acquired 151 acres for expansion works from neighbouring areas including Kolappakkam, Manappakkam, St. Thomas Mount and Cowl Bazaar. Expansion works includes installation of simple approach lighting systems for secondary runway, construction of hangars and parallel taxi track for the airport, fuel farm, installation of CAT 1 approach lighting system for the main runway, and a wide-aperture localiser antenna.[92]

Passenger vehicle parking edit

As of 2018, the existing parking lot at the airport can accommodate 1,200 cars.[93] In June 2018, an ₹2,500-million multi-level car park with a capacity to accommodate 2,237 cars was planned at both ends of the Airport Metro Rail station in front of the airport on a 4.25-acre plot.[94][93][95] It will have a built-up area of one million square feet and will be 27 metres tall with six levels. In addition, a 250,000-square-feet mall named AEROHUB EAST was built by the Olympia Group and Larsen & Toubro in 18 months.[93] The mall has a 238,100-square-feet cinema multiplex and a 35,678-square-feet 59-key transit hotel facility.[96] The parking facility is connected to the travelator linking the international and domestic terminals. Construction began in March 2019 and was completed in December 2021 after several delays due to the COVID-19 pandemic impact.[94][97] It was opened on 20 October 2023 after going through a trial run.[98]

Airlines and destinations edit

Domestic flights operate from Terminal 1, international departures operate from Terminal 4 and the integrated Terminal 2, while the older Terminal 3 is used for international arrivals. The old terminal at Meenambakkam is used for cargo operations.

Passenger edit

AirlinesDestinations
Air Arabia Sharjah[99]
Air Arabia Abu Dhabi Abu Dhabi[100]
AirAsia Kuala Lumpur–International
Air India Bangalore, Coimbatore, Colombo–Bandaranaike, Delhi, Dubai–International, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Madurai, Mumbai, Port Blair, Singapore[101]
Air India Express Bangalore, Hyderabad, Kolkata,[102] Kuwait City,[103] Singapore, Thiruvananthapuram
AIX Connect Bangalore, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Visakhapatnam
Air Mauritius Mauritius[104]
Akasa Air[105] Bangalore, Port Blair
Alliance Air Hyderabad,[106] Jaffna
Batik Air[107] Kuala Lumpur–International, Medan[a]
Biman Bangladesh Airlines Dhaka[108]
British Airways London–Heathrow[109]
Cathay Pacific Hong Kong[110]
Emirates Dubai–International[111]
Ethiopian Airlines Addis Ababa[112]
Etihad Airways Abu Dhabi[113]
FitsAir Colombo–Bandaranaike[114]
Flydubai Dubai–International (ends 13 May 2024)[115]
Gulf Air Bahrain[116]
IndiGo[117] Abu Dhabi,[118] Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi (resumes 15 May 2024),[119] Bhubaneswar, Chandigarh, Coimbatore, Colombo–Bandaranaike, Delhi, Dhaka, Doha, Dubai–International, Durgapur (begins 16 May 2024),[120] Goa–Dabolim, Goa–Mopa,[121] Guwahati, Hubli, Hyderabad, Indore,[122] Jaipur, Kadapa,[123] Kannur, Kochi, Kolkata, Kozhikode, Kuala Lumpur–International, Kurnool,[124] Kuwait City, Lucknow, Madurai, Mangalore, Mumbai,[125] Mysore, Patna, Port Blair, Pune, Raipur,[125] Rajahmundry, Ranchi,[126][127] Salem,[128] Siliguri,[127] Singapore, Surat, Thiruvananthapuram, Tiruchirappalli, Tuticorin, Varanasi, Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam
Jazeera Airways Kuwait City[129]
Kuwait Airways Kuwait City[130]
Lufthansa Frankfurt[131]
Malaysia Airlines Kuala Lumpur–International[132]
Myanmar Airways International Yangon[133]
Oman Air Muscat[134]
Qatar Airways Doha[135]
Scoot Singapore[136]
Singapore AirlinesSingapore[137]
SpiceJet[138] Ahmedabad, Ayodhya, Delhi, Hyderabad, Port Blair, Shirdi, Varanasi
SriLankan Airlines Colombo–Bandaranaike[139]
Thai AirAsia Bangkok–Don Mueang[140]
Thai Airways International Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi[141]
US-Bangla Airlines Dhaka[142]
Vistara Delhi, Mumbai
Notes
  1. ^ Medan is continuation of Kuala Lumpur–International flight as same flight number

Cargo edit

Statistics edit

Annual passenger traffic at MAA airport. See Wikidata query.
Busiest international routes from MAA (2022–23) [149]
Rank Airport Carriers Departing passengers
1   Dubai, United Arab Emirates Air India, Emirates, FlyDubai, IndiGo 499,446
2   Singapore Air India, Air India Express, IndiGo, Scoot, Singapore Airlines 370,705
3   Colombo-Bandaranaike Air India, FitsAir, IndiGo, SpiceJet, SriLankan 311,061
4   Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Air Asia, Batik Air, IndiGo, Malaysia Airlines 243,576
5   Kuwait City, Kuwait Air India, IndiGo, Jazeera Airways, Kuwait Airways 154,739
6   Doha, Qatar IndiGo, Qatar Airways 149,389
7   Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates Air Arabia, Etihad Airways, IndiGo 137,705
8   Muscat, Oman IndiGo, Oman Air 90,905
9   Sharjah, United Arab Emirates Air Arabia 80,492
10   Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Thailand Thai Airways International 73,023

Fixed-base operators edit

Flight kitchen and caterers edit

TajSATS, a joint-venture of the Indian Hotels Company and SATS (formerly known as Singapore Airport Terminal Services) provides in-flight catering at Chennai Airport. TajSATS adheres to ISO 22000:2005 standards and achieved Halal Certification. It also manages airport lounges in Chennai and Mumbai airports.[150] The airline lounges at Chennai Airport include Maharaja Lounge at the international terminal and the Indian Airlines Lounge at the domestic terminal.[151] The Taj Madras Flight Kitchen, a joint-venture of the Indian Hotels, SATS and Malaysia Airlines started in 1994,[152] is situated at GST Road, Pallavaram, and operates airport restaurants at the airport.[150] The Taj Madras Flight Kitchen also has a multi-cuisine restaurant with a full-fledged bar named 'Flights of Fancy' at the airport serving snacks and refreshments.[153]

MRO hangar facility edit

In 2008, Simplifly Deccan opened a US$2.9 million maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO) hangar at Chennai International Airport. The 70,000 sq ft facility can handle one A320 or two ATR aircraft and provides basic- and medium-level maintenance checks and protective storage for Deccan and Kingfisher Airlines aircraft and functions as a repair shop and assembly area. The hangar, which took nearly two years to build, has a total construction area of 3,200 sq m. The maintenance hall spans 46 m wide, 54 m deep and 17 m high. The hangar has space for one Airbus A320 and 2 ATR aircraft at one time. It is equipped with an engineering and training facility and an engineering maintenance conference room.[154]

Duty-free shops edit

The airport houses many duty-free shops and restaurants in its lobby. The authority is planning to open more shops in the premises. It is said that around 18,500 sq ft of space is available for shops. Recently, Flemingo International, Dubai was given the contract to open duty-free shops in both the International and Domestic terminals.[155][156]

Connectivity edit

The airport is situated on the Grand Southern Trunk Road (National Highway 32), a major national highway connecting several cities within the state. The airport is served by Tirusulam railway station on the Suburban railway network. Airport prepaid taxis are available round the clock, with moderate fares fixed by the government. The airport metro station of the Chennai Metro connects the airport to other parts of the city, making it the second airport in India to be connected to a metro system.[157] Shuttle services between the metro station and the terminals are provided for the passengers.[158] In future, the concourse of the metro station will be linked to the passenger terminals by means of a connector tube connecting the metro station to the flyover at the terminals, so that passengers alighting from the train can go to the departure area of the airport terminals without coming out of the station building.[159] The Tirusulam suburban train station will also be integrated with the metro station and the airport.[160] A flyover at the entrance of the airport helps the traffic on GST road bypass the entrance. The Kathipara grade-separator at Guindy facilitates the traffic flowing from the city centre onto the airport side.

In 2018, a 600-meter-long travelator connecting the terminals was opened at a cost of ₹800 million.[161]

Greenery edit

A vertical garden was constructed in the terminals at a cost of ₹400 million. The garden has about 40 different varieties of plants. The garden is visible from the terminals and also the connecting tube that links the landside to the airside (the area closer to the runway). The garden is watered using the drip irrigation method.[162]

Future expansion edit

Expansion of present airport edit

An integrated simulator will be installed at Chennai Airport, which will be the first of its kind in the country, at a cost of ₹200 million. The equipment will be set up at the Air Traffic Services complex.[163]

In January 2018, a satellite terminal near the second runway was planned to be built in 3 years.[164] A 1.5 km tunnel to connect the satellite terminal with the main buildings has been planned at a cost of ₹7,000 million. This tunnel will run at a depth of 10.5 feet below the ground.[165]

Following the ₹23,000 million phase I expansion that began in 2007 and completed in 2013, the phase II expansion comes at a cost of ₹25,870 million is expected to begin in 2018, aimed to be completed in 42 months by September 2021. This will expand the area to 160,000 m2, with a capacity of 35 million passengers, up from the existing capacity of 18 million. With the completion, the new building will serve as the sole integrated terminal alongside the existing newer domestic and international terminals.[166]

As of July 2018, the AAI had acquired 130 acres of land for the expansion of the present airport, and acquisition of another 101 acres of land is in progress.[167]

Construction of the new integrated terminal is under progress and completion is expected by December 2022, which was delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Commission will be done in two phases, the primary at June 2021. Automatic boarding, additional food courts, expansive baggage claim and arrival area, extra greenery, and state-of-the-art architecture designs are features of the new terminal. Officials say with this they will be able to surpass the present service rank of the airport, which was lacked in poor maintenance, both nationally and internationally.

The airport lagged in star ratings a lot behind other comparative major airports like Bangalore, Kolkata, and Hyderabad in Skytrax Airport Awards and other reviews due to its insufficient terminal space and sanitisation facilities at restrooms.

New greenfield airport at Parandur edit

Main article: Chennai greenfield airport, Parandur

In 2012, the feasibility report of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), suggested that a second airport for the city could come up on 5,000 acres (2,000 ha) at Sriperumbudur, was submitted to the state government. The four-runway second airport is proposed to be built on 4,823 acres near Sriperumbudur, southwest of Chennai, at an estimated cost of ₹35,000 million in the first phase and Second phase has not been disclosed.[168] To be built in two phases, the anticipated expenditure for phase I of the project is ₹40,000 million with an 87,000 sq m terminal along with a parking space for 750 vehicles. The second phase involves 1,50,000 sq m of terminal and enhancing parking space to accommodate 1,500 vehicles at an investment of ₹14,750 million.[169] The greenfield airport will be able to handle 40 million passengers per annum.[170]

As of September 2019, the State government has shortlisted six locations for the second international airport. These include Thiruporur (40 km from the present airport), Vallathur (70 km), Thodur (55 km), Mappedu (46 km), Cheyyar (90 km), and Maduramangalam (55 km).[171]

In August 2022, the state government finally selected Parandur in Kanchipuram district as location for the new greenfield airport. The New Chennai Greenfield International Airport in Parandur, will take a minimum 5 to 7 years to be built.[citation needed] Apart from the expansion of the existing airport at Tirusulam, the new greenfield airport at Parandur would come up on 4970 acres of land.

Awards edit

The airport was ranked in the third place as the Best Airport by Size in the category of 15-25 million passengers per annum by Airports Council International in 2017. It was awarded as the Best Tourist Friendly Airport by Tamil Nadu Tourism from the Ministry of Tourism two consecutive times, in 2016 and 2018. It was awarded the Gold Award by the survey of RoSPA Health and Safety Awards for ensuring proper hygienic conditions and safety from accidents and incidents, as well as the Sword of Honour by the British Safety Council for ensuring safety and security, both for the airport's Phase-II of modernisation, in 2020. It was ranked in the eighth place among the most punctual airports in the world, globally, by ensuring timely takeoffs and landings to and from the airport, in 2021 by Cirium, an aviation data analytics company.[172]

Accidents and Incidents edit

  • In August 1984, a bomb blast 1,200 m from the airport killed 33 persons and injured 27 others. It was in the older terminal building situated near Meenambakkam railway station.[173] The entire concourse was razed down and had to be rebuilt.[174]
  • On 29 September 1986, Indian Airlines flight IC 571, an Airbus A300b2-1c (registration VT-ELV), on a routine flight from Chennai to Mumbai, aborted take-off due to a bird-strike and suffered a runway excursion. No fatalities were reported. The aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
  • On 5 March 1999, Air France flight 6745, an ex-UTA Boeing 747-2B3F (SCD) freighter (registration F-GPAN) carrying a revenue load of 66 tonnes of cargo from Charles de Gaulle Airport [CDG], Paris to Madras [MAA] via Karachi [KHI] and Bangalore [BLR] crash-landed, caught fire and burned out. Madras ATC had cleared the aircraft for an ILS approach to the airport's runway 07. The crew abandoned the approach due to technical difficulties and the aircraft circled to attempt a second approach. At the end of the second approach, the aircraft's nose struck the runway while touching down because its nose gear was not locked. The plane skidded and came to rest 7,000 feet (2,100 m) down the 13,050 ft (3,980 m) runway. After it had come to a standstill, the crew noticed smoke on the flight deck and began to extinguish the flames. Soon after, flames erupted in the aircraft's front section. One crew member managed to escape from the flight deck via a rope ladder. The remaining four crew members were rescued by the airport fire service from the rear, before the flames engulfed the entire aircraft. The fire service was unable to extinguish the fire and the aircraft burned out.[175]

2015 Chennai floods edit

Further information: 2015 South India floods
 
Aerial view of submerged Chennai International Airport

In December 2015, unprecedented rainfall associated with India's North-east monsoon caused extensive flooding of the airport tarmac and runways. The airport was closed for a week to all traffic by the AAI from the evening of 1 December until noon on 6 December. About 1,500 passengers and 2,000 airport workers were evacuated as water entered terminal buildings and 30-35 aircraft were stranded on the apron.[176] Military authorities permitted the use of Naval Air Station INS Rajali in Arakkonam, 70 km (43 mi) west of central Chennai and Tambaram Air Force Station 20 km (12 mi) south as relief airports for a limited service of civilian commercial flights as well as official rescue/assistance flights.[177] Additionally, Indian Air Force evacuated passengers from Chennai Airport to the two military bases for onward journeys on Air Force transport aircraft to other domestic destinations.[178] On 5 December, the Directorate General of Civil Aviation permitted a partial re-opening of the airport during daylight hours under visual meteorological conditions only, allowing airlines to ferry stranded aircraft out of Chennai without passengers or cargo on board. Operations under instrument meteorological conditions were not permitted. Rescue and assistance flights, however, were permitted to operate in and out of the airport.[179]

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Bibliography edit

External links edit

  Media related to Chennai International Airport at Wikimedia Commons

January 01, 1970
chennai, international, airport, chennai, airport, redirects, here, airport, under, construction, chennai, greenfield, airport, parandur, iata, icao, vomm, international, airport, serving, city, chennai, capital, tamil, nadu, india, metropolitan, area, located. Chennai Airport redirects here For the new airport under construction see Chennai greenfield airport Parandur Chennai International Airport IATA MAA ICAO VOMM is an international airport serving the city of Chennai the capital of Tamil Nadu India and its metropolitan area It is located in Tirusulam around 20 km 12 mi southwest of the city centre The airport is the fifth busiest airport in India and third by international traffic It was also the 49th busiest airport in Asia in 2018 making it one of the four major airports in India under the top 50 list of 2018 4 In financial year 2023 24 the airport handled over 21 million passengers 1 Chennai International AirportIATA MAAICAO VOMMSummaryAirport typePublicOwnerMinistry of Civil AviationOperatorAirports Authority of IndiaServesChennai Metropolitan AreaLocationTirusulam Chennai Tamil Nadu IndiaOpened1930 94 years ago 1930 Hub forBlue Dart AviationIndiGoFocus city forAir IndiaSpiceJetElevation AMSL16 m 52 ftCoordinates12 58 56 N 80 9 49 E 12 98222 N 80 16361 E 12 98222 80 16361WebsiteChennai International AirportMapMAALocation in Tamil NaduShow map of Tamil NaduMAAMAA India Show map of IndiaRunwaysDirection Length Surface m ft 07 25 3 662 12 025 Asphalt 12 30 2 935 9 629 Asphalt ConcreteStatistics April 2023 March 2024 Passengers21 207 262 14 2 Aircraft movements145 790 5 9 Cargo tonnage340 544 0 6 Source AAI 1 2 3 The airport is served by the airport metro station of the Chennai Metro and the Tirusulam railway station of the Chennai Suburban Railway system To cope with the passenger traffic two new terminals including one satellite terminal are under construction to handle 40 million passengers per year 5 Once completed it will be India s first airport to have a satellite terminal The new satellite terminal will be connected through a four way underground walkalator for passenger movement across different terminals 6 Still the Tirusulam airport complex is expected to reach saturation by 2035 with a peak capacity of 40 million passengers and a proposal for a new greenfield airport in Parandur has been approved Once the new airport is commissioned both airports will be functional 7 The older domestic and international blocks 2 and 3 were named after former Chief Ministers of Tamil Nadu K Kamaraj and C N Annadurai respectively It was the first airport in India to have international and domestic terminals located adjacent to each other It was designed by Creative Group an India based architecture firm The airport serves as the southern regional headquarters of the Airports Authority of India AAI for South India comprising the states of Tamil Nadu Andhra Pradesh Telangana Karnataka Kerala and the union territories of Puducherry and Lakshadweep In total the airport consists of four terminals Terminals 1 4 where Terminals 1 and 4 are used for domestic arrivals and departures and Terminal 2 for international arrivals and departures The older Terminal 3 on Terminal 2 s western side will be demolished to extend Terminal 2 8 Contents 1 History 1 1 First test flight in Madras 1 2 Early commercial aviation history in India 1 3 Madras Flying Club 1 4 First commercial flight 1 5 Military use 1 6 Airport terminals 2 Administration 2 1 Security 2 2 Privatisation 3 Facilities 3 1 Structure 3 2 Passenger terminals 3 3 Expansion and Modernization Phase I 3 4 Expansion and Modernization Phase II 3 5 Cargo complex 3 6 Air traffic control tower 3 7 Runways 3 8 Passenger vehicle parking 4 Airlines and destinations 4 1 Passenger 4 2 Cargo 5 Statistics 6 Fixed base operators 6 1 Flight kitchen and caterers 6 2 MRO hangar facility 6 3 Duty free shops 7 Connectivity 8 Greenery 9 Future expansion 9 1 Expansion of present airport 9 2 New greenfield airport at Parandur 10 Awards 11 Accidents and Incidents 12 2015 Chennai floods 13 See also 14 References 14 1 Citations 14 2 Bibliography 15 External linksHistory edit nbsp Giacomo D Angelis and his biplane in 1910 the first flight ever in Asia nbsp The old terminal 1945 at Meenambakkam First test flight in Madras edit The aviation history of the city began in 1910 when a city based Corsican hotelier Giacomo D Angelis built an aircraft and tested it in Island Grounds 9 Inspired by Frenchman Louis Bleriot the first to fly across English Channel in July 1909 9 10 D Angelis collaborated with Simpson s a leading coach builder in the city to build a biplane 11 The biplane was built entirely from D Angelis s own designs fitted with a small horse power engine Samuel John Green a motor engineer at Simpson s helped with the manufacture and assembly of the biplane 9 On 10 March 1910 D Angelis tested the aircraft in the suburb of Pallavaram making it the first flight ever in Asia 12 While demonstrating it to the public during the ticketed show he even took a person from the crowd on the aircraft as his passenger 11 Immediately he also arranged a public viewing at the Island Grounds charging entrance fees for the demonstration 9 The interest in flying among prominent residents of the city resulted in the arrival of a set of aviators in 1911 to display the flying machines they had brought with them to India as a marketing initiative 11 The aviators included Baron de Caters and Jules Tyck 13 On 15 February 1911 Tyck flew in a Bleriot aeroplane in front of the public The aircraft was wheeled out by eight men with Tyck seated inside the craft wearing an oilskin coat and goggles The men held the plane till its engine revved up and then let go and the craft darted forward about 20 yards 18 3 m before rising into the air In the air the craft made a straight flight only for about three quarters of the length of the ground and descended due to poor weather 11 Tyck flew again the next day this time reaching a height of 2 400 feet 730 m which was witnessed by the then Governor of Madras Sir Arthur Lawley 11 Two days later on 18 February another demonstration was given by Pierre de Caters when he flew his aircraft in public 13 Early commercial aviation history in India edit The history of civil aviation in India began in December 1912 with the opening of the first domestic air route between Karachi and Delhi by the Indian state Air services in collaboration with the Imperial Airways United Kingdom However it was just an extension of London Karachi flight of the Imperial Airways In 1915 the first Indian airline Tata Air Mail started a regular airmail service between Karachi and Madras without any patronage from the government marking the beginning of air transportation in the southern part of India 14 A test flight was conducted at the Island Grounds in 1914 when J W Madley a water works engineer tested an aircraft assembled by him He flew it over the Red Hills Reservoir to inspect works and shot a couple of aerial photographs of the reservoir from the aircraft 11 Madras Flying Club edit Main article Madras Flying Club In March 1930 a discussion initiated by pilot G Vlasto led to the founding of Madras Flying Club which became a pioneer in South India 10 11 The club had 71 founding members of whom 14 were Indians Flt Lt H N Hawker became the club s first flight instructor 10 The club s first Indian chief pilot instructor Mohammed Ismail Khan trained several pilots some of whom were trained professionally or others simply for fun 10 When the state council of Ceylon built an aerodrome at Ratmalana near Colombo in 1935 the first flight to land there was flown by chief flying instructor of the club Tyndale Biscoe On 26 October 1936 Captain V Sundaram who got the first commercial pilot licence in India flew a de Havilland Dove aircraft from Karachi to Madras 11 First commercial flight edit nbsp Tata Sons Airline timetable c 1935 On 15 October 1932 when J R D Tata founder of Tata Sons Ltd flew a single engined de Havilland carrying air mail postal mail of Imperial Airways from Karachi s Drigh Road Aerodrome to Bombay s Juhu Airstrip via Ahmedabad the flight was continued to Madras via Bellary piloted by aviator Nevill Vintcent 15 Military use edit The following units were here at some point with the base being called St Thomas Mount No 1 Coast Defence Flight Indian Air Force IAF Volunteer Reserve 1940 42 became No 101 Coast Defence Flight IAF 16 No 101 Coast Defence Flight IAF 1942 became No 101 General Reconnaissance Squadron IAF 16 Airport terminals edit Madras Airport was one of the first airports of India commissioned in 1930 17 The airport was built on land donated by the former governor of Madras Presidency K Sriramulu Naidu 17 18 Although the first aircraft landed in Madras Airport in 1930 the usage was confined only to military operations during World War II 19 In 1952 the Civil Aviation Department took over its operations followed by the AAI in 1972 The first passenger art deco style terminal was completed in 1954 on the northeastern side of Meenambakkam village thus being referred to as Meenambakkam Airport In the early 80s a new terminal was built at Tirusulam and passenger operations were shifted The new domestic terminal named Kamaraj Terminal 2 was commissioned in 1985 and the international terminal named Anna Terminal 3 was commissioned in 1989 The old terminal building became known as Terminal 1 until 2013 and is now used as a cargo terminal for Blue Dart Aviation 19 An air cargo complex was commissioned on 1 February 1978 for processing of import export and transshipment cargo in addition to unaccompanied luggage 20 which is the second gateway air cargo terminal in the country after the one at Kolkata Airport 21 In November 1988 British Airways inaugurated service to London s Heathrow Airport via Kuwait linking Chennai to Europe for the first time The flight was operated by a Lockheed L 1011 TriStar 22 23 The airline started flying the route nonstop with Boeing 747s in April 1991 24 On 23 September 1999 a centre for flowers fruits and vegetables was commissioned at the cargo terminal 20 In 2001 Chennai Airport received ISO 9001 2000 certification the first such international airport in India During the early days Madras Airport was one of the largest airports in India handling many international flight connections 25 26 27 Delta Air Lines maiden flight from New York City touched down in May 2005 The service aboard Boeing 767s made a stop in Paris 28 29 The following October the carrier stopped serving Chennai Instead of flying to Mumbai and Chennai via Paris it had decided to commence a direct flight from New York to Mumbai and hand the Chennai Paris route over to its partner Air France 28 30 In 2008 the AAI started major modernisation of the airport 31 Administration edit nbsp Inside of Chennai International Airport Chennai Airport is the regional headquarters of the Airports Authority of India AAI for the southern region of India comprising the states of Tamil Nadu Telangana Andhra Pradesh Karnataka and Kerala as well as the union territories of Puducherry and Lakshadweep 32 33 34 35 36 It functions from the ATC Complex within the airport and has 49 airports under its control including 19 operational AAI airports 5 operational private joint venture airports 5 non operational airports 12 military airports and 8 disused airfields These include 6 international airports 15 domestic airports and 3 customs airports 37 Chennai Airport is the centre of the southern flight information region FIR one of the four FIRs that the Indian air space is divided into The regional executive director RED is responsible for the air traffic services over the Chennai FIR and airport management on ground at the airports in South India The Chennai FIR includes terrestrial air space above the five southern states and two southern union territories and the oceanic air space of the southern part of the Bay of Bengal and the eastern part of the Arabian Sea Coordination with the neighbouring national FIRs of Kolkata and Mumbai and with the neighbouring international FIRs of Sri Lanka Kuala Lampur and Yangon for air traffic control purposes are being made with telecommunication links both voice and data The immigration services at the airport are handled by the Bureau of Immigration 38 Security edit Chennai Airport is the home to the southern regional office of the Bureau of Civil Aviation Security BCAS whose main responsibilities include instituting standards and measures with respect to security of civil flights at international and domestic airports in India 39 Security of the airport is provided by the Airport Sector CISF that includes a dog squad The dogs are trained to sniff and identify IEDs and narcotics While working with the bomb disposal squad they screen the bags left unattended As of today the CISF team in charge of Chennai Airport security has a dog squad of 9 dogs 40 Privatisation edit The Government of India has proposed to offer a contract to a private operator to maintain and operate the daily operations of the airport AAI recently invited bids for the same and various firms including Tata Fraport Celebi Sahara GMR GVK and Essar have shown interest 41 42 The airport employees are protesting against the move fearing job losses 43 Facilities editStructure edit Spread over an area 1 323 acres 535 ha 44 Chennai International Airport consists of three terminals the old terminal at Meenambakkam Terminal 1 used for cargo and the two terminals of the passenger terminal complex at Tirusulam Terminals 2 and 3 used for domestic and international passenger operations respectively Passenger terminals edit Today the passenger terminal complex consists of the newer domestic and international terminals interconnected by the older international block which today houses administrative offices and a restaurant 17 Although the complex is one continuous structure it was built incrementally Anna Terminal Terminal 3 was added in 1988 to the pre existing Kamaraj Terminal Terminal 2 Terminals 1 and 2 nbsp Interior of the new international terminal of the airport The first part to be built was the Kamaraj domestic terminal Terminal 2 which had two aero bridges making it the first airport in India to have aero bridges at the domestic terminal 25 Later the Anna international terminal Terminal 3 was built with three aero bridges After the completion of the international terminal the old terminal Terminal 1 at Meenambakkam was used exclusively for cargo Terminals 3 and 4 Recently the international terminal was extended further west by adding a new block which includes three aero bridges At present the new international block Terminal 4 is used for departures while the older Anna Terminal Terminal 3 is used for arrivals The international and the domestic terminals cover an area of 1 5 km2 0 58 sq mi and 1 8 km2 0 69 sq mi respectively The airport is divided into two circles with five zones each for administrative conveniences 45 Around 550 acres 220 ha of the airport premises fall within the St Thomas Mount and Pallavaram Cantonment Board s limits The rest of the area comes under the Meenambakkam town panchayat s jurisdiction 46 The Kamaraj domestic terminal covers an area of 19 250 m2 207 200 sq ft with 48 check in counters The Anna international terminal covers an area of 42 870 m2 461 400 sq ft with 45 check in counters and 38 immigration counters including 16 in the departures area and 22 in the arrivals area and 18 customs counters including 2 in the departure area and 16 in the arrival area 47 There are four entry gates at the airport two each at both the terminals There are 5 X ray baggage facilities at the domestic terminal and 2 at the international terminal 48 The total area of retail space at the existing domestic and international terminals is 3 250 m2 35 000 sq ft comprising 60 concessions including duty free retail shops restaurants snack bars and executive lounges 49 The Anna international terminal has 6 boarding gates on the first floor The Kamaraj domestic terminal has a total of 9 boarding gates including 6 on the ground floor and 3 on the first floor 47 The airport has 24 taxiways including the 411 metre 1 348 ft long taxiway M on the southern side commissioned in March 2017 capable of handling 36 aircraft movements per hour 50 In January 2018 the airport began cross runway operations to avoid flight delays increasing aircraft movements from 36 to 42 an hour 51 The airport currently has 70 parking bays one of which can accommodate the super jumbo Airbus A380 44 Parking bays at the domestic terminal include one in contact bay for Airbus A300 sized aircraft nine in contact bays for Airbus A320 Boeing 737 sized aircraft and 49 remote bays for A320 737 sized aircraft Parking bays at the international terminal include seven in contact bays for Boeing 747 sized aircraft 13 remote bays for 747 sized aircraft one remote bay for an A380 aircraft and three cargo bays for 747 sized aircraft 47 Works on the 24 new night parking bays had been completed in the apron area With the new parking bays the Chennai Airport has 81 parking bays 52 Expansion and Modernization Phase I edit The airport was modernised and expanded in 2013 with the construction of a new international terminal Terminal 4 the renovation of the existing Anna international terminal Terminal 3 the construction of a new domestic terminal Terminal 1 the extension of the secondary runway and the creation of a parallel runway taxiways aprons parking bays and cargo terminal The new terminals spread across 72 000 m2 780 000 sq ft and have 72 passenger check in counters However the plan for the parallel runway has been dropped 53 The original plan to build a three basement level car parking for about 1 500 vehicles with about 8 000 m2 86 000 sq ft of commercial area on the open ground opposite the new domestic terminal building has been deferred temporarily Instead a surface level parking to accommodate 400 vehicles has been planned at a cost of 44 2 million 54 The terminal complex will have a flyover travellator connecting the existing newer terminals for a distance of about 1 km 0 62 mi It will have an elevated road on the top and a tube below which will have two walkalators which will connect the three brand new terminals together The 600 m 1 968 ft 6 in long walkalator belt was installed on 14 April 2018 at a cost of 260 million Expansion and Modernization Phase II edit nbsp Check in area The current development projects include construction of a brand new integrated terminal in place of the older Terminals 2 and 3 which currently lie in between the two newer Terminals 1 and 4 The design is a collaborative effort of team lead involving Frederic Schwartz Architects Gensler and led by New Delhi based Creative Group Creative Group is the principal architect for the project providing comprehensive architecture and engineering consultancy for the design of the passenger terminal building parking garage structures and the roadway access system The proposed design based on Gensler s Terminal 2015 concept will be connected with the design elements of the existing Terminals 1 and 4 It was reported that the new terminal building will have a handling capacity of 10 million passengers and when integrated with the existing terminals it will provide for a handling capacity of 23 million passengers a year The new terminal building is expected to have an area of about 140 000 m2 1 500 000 sq ft with 104 check in counters 16 aero bridges and 60 immigration counters and the two runways would be interconnected by a network of taxiways The 24 760 million integrated terminal programme commenced on 11 July 2018 and its first stage was completed on 8 April 2023 55 Once its second stage is completed it will serve as the airport s sole integrated terminal alongside the newer Terminals 1 and 4 The new Integrated Terminal Terminal 2 commenced main operations on 7 July 2023 with 26 airlines moving to the terminal Many retail shops being opened as they move from the previous terminals to the new one 56 The new terminal is designed with the inspiration of Tamil Nadu culture with the building s roof being inspired by the pleats of the Bharatanatyam costume a traditional dress worn by dancers The flooring and the false ceiling feature Kolam patterns a type of design found in front of Tamil houses during special occasions 57 The outside of the terminal features a 1 730 kilogram lamp named the Nachiarkovil Lamp The design of the pillars erected near the entry gates are inspired by the palm trees found all over the state of Tamil Nadu 58 There are 5 check in islands at the check in area with each island featuring 20 check in counters for various airlines such as Singapore Airlines Emirates Air France and more Security checks now feature ATRS Automatic Tray Retrieval System Design nbsp Nataraja statue at the airport The design details of the runways are handled by the Airports Authority of India while architecture firms are limited to designing buildings on the land side of the runway The present proposal is parallel to the existing runway The entire design as being organised around two lush sustainable gardens and the wing like roofs helps collect rainwater and become part of the garden 59 The domestic terminal building currently measures 139 931 sq ft 13 000 0 m2 and handles 4 74 million passengers a year The revamped design of the domestic terminal building will accommodate twice as many passengers in a three storey structure 984 ft long The new design based on the organisation of security and passenger circulation centres around two lush ecologically sustainable gardens each measuring nearly an acre and includes a parking garage with a green roof over 300 m 980 ft long and rainwater capture systems collectively known as the green gate of the terminal Expansive glass curtain walls will be incorporated to boost the feeling of airiness and spaciousness as will skylights 60 The new terminal will have three levels The departure area will be featured on the top level with the arrivals section on ground level The arrivals section will form the base for airlines and other offices with the basement reserved for luggage scanners The domestic terminal covers 67 700 sq m and will also have a provision of seven gates two hard stand hold rooms and 52 check in counters besides eight counters for e ticketing The international terminal will cover 59 300 sq m with the provision of two gates with multiple hard stand hold rooms 52 check in counters eight counters for e ticketing 18 10 immigration custom counters for handling passenger arrivals and 18 immigration counters for departing passengers Both the terminals will be equipped with an in line baggage handling system capable of Level 4 security screening system This system consists of four departure conveyors of a total length of 3 500 m and can handle 1 200 baggages per hour 61 The new terminal buildings measure more than 140 000 m2 1 500 000 sq ft The new terminal buildings are expected to cater to 14 million more passengers per annum including 4 million per annum at the international terminals With the existing terminals handling 9 million the airport will be able to handle 23 million passengers per annum after the integration 62 with 16 million in domestic and 7 million in the international terminal 61 After expansion the aircraft movements in the airport is likely to increase at the rate of 5 to 7 By 2020 21 the airport is expected to handle 700 movements a day 49 The new terminals are expected to clock between 72 and 75 green points of the total 100 for integrated inhabited assessment The AAI has divided the building for land side and air side operations The spaces are connected with a central security checkpoint for departure and there is a glass bridge on each side of the building for arriving passengers On the roadside the new terminals are connected with an elevated corridor which will have approach and exit ramps 62 The power requirement at the expanded airport is around 110 kV A more than three times the current needs 63 A new 11 000 kV sub station has been built by the Tamil Nadu Generation and Distribution Corporation TANGEDCO at the airport to serve the terminals for which the power has been sourced from Kadapperi near Tambaram 64 The retail space earmarked in the new international and domestic terminals is about 9 000 sq m nearly thrice as much as the existing one 49 Accidents and Controversies In recent years there were many reported incidents of ceiling collapses and glass door and window breakages due to the poor quality and improper design of work during the recent modernisation of the airport terminals The first incident happened on 13 May 2013 when 20 panels caved in near the security hold area due to heavy winds followed by another incident on 11 August when 23 panels behind the check in counters at the terminal crashed due to heavy condensation The last reported incident of a ceiling collapse happened in late April 2015 bringing the total number of incidents to an abnormal 45 As of 11 August 2015 the number of incidents have reached 50 which has been a point of discussion in social networking sites 65 Cargo complex edit The Air Cargo Complex at the Chennai Airport was established in 1978 when all regulatory and facilitating agencies were brought under one roof for faster processing clearance of international cargo to cater for air cargo movement in the southern region At the cargo terminal AAI functions as ground handling agency for airlines for handling or processing their cargo on ground and acts as custodian on behalf of customs import export cargo under the customs act of 1962 Spread over an area of 19 5 acres the complex uses cargo handling equipments such as elevated transfer vehicle forklifts high mast stackers and power hydraulic pallet trucks for handling cargo 20 The covered area of the export wing of the complex is 20 595 sq m while that of the import wing is 20 090 sq m 66 The existing covered area of cargo terminal in occupation of AAI is 37 085 sq m 20 There are three ETV build up working stations and 18 manual build up ETV loading positions at the complex 66 The cargo complex consists of two divisions namely the export and the import facilities The export facility covers an area of 16 366 sq m and the import facility covers 16 500 sq m 67 The complex has an exclusive cargo apron which can accommodate three wide bodied aircraft with ULD parking area and hydrant refuelling facility at the bay 66 The Customs department has appointed AAI and AI as the custodian at the complex The import cargo of all the airlines is solely handled by AAI The export cargo on the other hand is handled by AAI in respect of airlines handled by it while those of the rest of the airlines are handled by AI 20 Export area Ground floor area 5 200 sq m First floor area office 2 295 sq m Truck dock position area 14 trucks 865 sq m Examination area 770 sq m Bonded area 2 270 sq m Import area Total area 20 090 sq m The available capacity and cargo handled at the terminal are listed below Area Annual capacity Tonnes Annual tonnage Tonnes Export General 265 000 160 000 Import 277 460 130 000 Total 542 460 290 000 The existing capacity of the air cargo complex is expected to meet the requirement till 2020 Phase III and IV of the new integrated cargo terminal with latest automated storage and retrieval system is under construction enhancing the area from 35 920 sq m to 54 620 sq m The upcoming import cargo storage and processing facility would have a capacity to handle almost 800 000 tonnes of cargo annually from the existing 300 000 tonnes The new complex will have an area of 58 000 sq m against the current area of 26 000 sq m The conventional way of warehouse management will be replaced by automated storage and retrieval system ASRS The ASRS would have over 8 000 storage bins and each bin would have a capacity to store 1 3 to 1 5 tonnes of cargo in it Apart from ASRS the upcoming facilities would also have multiple temperature controlled cold storages for perishable cargo 68 with three chambers at 0 to 12 C covering a total area of 445 sq m 69 There would be three fully secured strong rooms for storage and processing of high value cargo such as gems jewellery gold and silver both in export and import together The new facility would also have dedicated isolated storage locations for handling dangerous and hazardous cargo 68 In 2009 an integrated cargo complex was planned in the cargo complex of the airport The complex would be constructed at a cost of 1 450 million in 15 months While the ground floor would measure 21 000 sq m the first floor would be built on 12 100 sq m The new building would be used exclusively for import activities Once the civil works were completed the ASRS would be installed It would cost 750 million 70 Air traffic control tower edit Chennai is the home to India s biggest air traffic control ATC centre 71 The ATC tower is located at the Air Traffic Services Complex There are two radars in Chennai the mono pulse secondary surveillance radar at Porur and the Chennai Westing House terminal radar 72 Advance surface movement guidance and control system has been introduced in the ATC tower 73 As a first step towards integrating the entire airspace in the country the automation system at the ATC in Chennai Airport was commissioned on 1 October 2011 The AAI has invested 420 million for the Chennai automation system which runs on Auto Track 3 a sophisticated air traffic control automation system supplied and installed by US based Raytheon Technologies 72 74 A new route radar at Porur has also been installed and the 13 year old terminal radar at the airport will be replaced With the automation system in place all information regarding tower control approach control area control and oceanic control would be exchanged electronically in Chennai It would ensure reliability thereby enhancing safety of aircraft and passengers 75 76 77 Chennai is among the four flight information centres in the country besides Mumbai Delhi and Kolkata and the Chennai ATC has Hyderabad Mangaluru Thiruvananthapuram and Bangalore under its control Besides the two radars in Chennai radar systems in Mangaluru Bangalore Bangalore HAL Shamshabad Hyderabad Bellary and Thiruvananthapuram are included in the new system 78 With the advanced integrated radar technology ATC in Chennai now has the entire South Indian region on its radar screens mainly co ordinating flight movements above 26 000 to 46 000 ft 72 Following the Performance based navigation system PBN and the air traffic control automation in 2011 the AAI initiated a pilot project on a Ground based augmentation system GBAS as part of implementing Gagan Geo Augmented Navigation in the country There will be a set of 3 4 GPS satellites one geo synchronous satellite GPS receivers at end of the runways a ground station and a VHF data broadcast system When the pilot project starts Chennai Airport will be the first airport in the country to have the facility 79 Runways edit nbsp Runway 07 25 as seen from Saint Thomas Mount Chennai Airport has two runways the 3 662 m 12 014 ft long primary runway No 07 25 North east South west orientation and the 2 925 m 9 596 ft long secondary runway No 12 30 North west South east orientation Approach lights include CAT 1 category at runway 07 and CAT 1 type at runway 25 for 510 m Precision Approach Path Indicator PAPI type landing aids are available in all the runways 47 Routine maintenance work of the primary runway is carried out twice a week between 2 30 pm and 4 30 pm on Tuesdays and Saturdays 80 Chennai Airport does not have rapid exit taxiways that help pilots to vacate a runway without slowing down the aircraft soon after landing Planes such as the Airbus A380 and Boeing 747 8 will have to slow down completely to negotiate sharp turns on the taxiway In 2011 AAI began work on upgrading the existing taxiways and parking bays at the airport to handle these jumbo planes 81 The secondary runway which was initially 2 035 m long was closed in 2009 to extend it over the Adyar River by means of a bridge over the watercourse at a cost of 4 300 million Initially 126 59 acres of land for second runway was handed over to the AAI In March 2011 by acquiring 136 acres of land from the state government AAI completed extension of the 2 035 m secondary runway by 1 400 m 82 whose commissioning initially planned to be by November 2011 has been delayed as the approach lighting system has not been installed 83 While the cost of extending the runway was projected to be about 2 400 million that of the bridge is almost 2 300 million 44 A bridge has been constructed across the Adyar River to extend the secondary runway by a length of 1 400 m to a total length of 3 445 m including 835 m on the northern side of the river 84 The bridge accommodates the runway and a taxiway making Chennai Airport the only international airport in India to have a runway across a river 85 86 In Mumbai only an end of the runway is over Mithi River When the AAI recommissions the secondary runway Chennai Airport will join the league of airports with a functional runway across a river 80 nbsp One of the two runways at the airport With a new airport under consideration the project for a parallel runway has been put on hold and the total land required for the airport expansion reduced from 1 069 99 acres to 800 acres 87 AAI planned to operate 2 400 m even after removing obstructions About 2 085 m of the runway was earlier used for landing only smaller aircraft like ATR types 88 In February 2012 airport authorities announced that only about 2 160 m of the secondary runway would be operational as there will be 330 m permanent displacement at GST road side and 780 m displacement at the other end This restricted length would be enough to operate Airbus A320 and Boeing 737 aircraft without load penalty 89 Bad planning by the airport authorities which has resulted in the removal of the very high frequency omni range equipment VOR from its original location where a link way has been constructed between the main and the secondary runways has been considered the reason behind the delay 90 The present runway occupancy time at the airport the time an aircraft spends on the runway is around 70 seconds By October 2018 the runway occupancy time will be reduced to 60 seconds with the completion of the ongoing runway development works 91 In 2018 the airport acquired 151 acres for expansion works from neighbouring areas including Kolappakkam Manappakkam St Thomas Mount and Cowl Bazaar Expansion works includes installation of simple approach lighting systems for secondary runway construction of hangars and parallel taxi track for the airport fuel farm installation of CAT 1 approach lighting system for the main runway and a wide aperture localiser antenna 92 Passenger vehicle parking edit As of 2018 the existing parking lot at the airport can accommodate 1 200 cars 93 In June 2018 an 2 500 million multi level car park with a capacity to accommodate 2 237 cars was planned at both ends of the Airport Metro Rail station in front of the airport on a 4 25 acre plot 94 93 95 It will have a built up area of one million square feet and will be 27 metres tall with six levels In addition a 250 000 square feet mall named AEROHUB EAST was built by the Olympia Group and Larsen amp Toubro in 18 months 93 The mall has a 238 100 square feet cinema multiplex and a 35 678 square feet 59 key transit hotel facility 96 The parking facility is connected to the travelator linking the international and domestic terminals Construction began in March 2019 and was completed in December 2021 after several delays due to the COVID 19 pandemic impact 94 97 It was opened on 20 October 2023 after going through a trial run 98 Airlines and destinations editDomestic flights operate from Terminal 1 international departures operate from Terminal 4 and the integrated Terminal 2 while the older Terminal 3 is used for international arrivals The old terminal at Meenambakkam is used for cargo operations Passenger edit AirlinesDestinationsAir ArabiaSharjah 99 Air Arabia Abu DhabiAbu Dhabi 100 AirAsiaKuala Lumpur InternationalAir IndiaBangalore Coimbatore Colombo Bandaranaike Delhi Dubai International Hyderabad Kolkata Madurai Mumbai Port Blair Singapore 101 Air India ExpressBangalore Hyderabad Kolkata 102 Kuwait City 103 Singapore ThiruvananthapuramAIX ConnectBangalore Guwahati Hyderabad VisakhapatnamAir MauritiusMauritius 104 Akasa Air 105 Bangalore Port BlairAlliance AirHyderabad 106 JaffnaBatik Air 107 Kuala Lumpur International Medan a Biman Bangladesh AirlinesDhaka 108 British AirwaysLondon Heathrow 109 Cathay PacificHong Kong 110 EmiratesDubai International 111 Ethiopian AirlinesAddis Ababa 112 Etihad AirwaysAbu Dhabi 113 FitsAirColombo Bandaranaike 114 FlydubaiDubai International ends 13 May 2024 115 Gulf AirBahrain 116 IndiGo 117 Abu Dhabi 118 Ahmedabad Bangalore Bangkok Suvarnabhumi resumes 15 May 2024 119 Bhubaneswar Chandigarh Coimbatore Colombo Bandaranaike Delhi Dhaka Doha Dubai International Durgapur begins 16 May 2024 120 Goa Dabolim Goa Mopa 121 Guwahati Hubli Hyderabad Indore 122 Jaipur Kadapa 123 Kannur Kochi Kolkata Kozhikode Kuala Lumpur International Kurnool 124 Kuwait City Lucknow Madurai Mangalore Mumbai 125 Mysore Patna Port Blair Pune Raipur 125 Rajahmundry Ranchi 126 127 Salem 128 Siliguri 127 Singapore Surat Thiruvananthapuram Tiruchirappalli Tuticorin Varanasi Vijayawada VisakhapatnamJazeera AirwaysKuwait City 129 Kuwait AirwaysKuwait City 130 LufthansaFrankfurt 131 Malaysia AirlinesKuala Lumpur International 132 Myanmar Airways InternationalYangon 133 Oman AirMuscat 134 Qatar AirwaysDoha 135 ScootSingapore 136 Singapore AirlinesSingapore 137 SpiceJet 138 Ahmedabad Ayodhya Delhi Hyderabad Port Blair Shirdi VaranasiSriLankan AirlinesColombo Bandaranaike 139 Thai AirAsiaBangkok Don Mueang 140 Thai Airways InternationalBangkok Suvarnabhumi 141 US Bangla AirlinesDhaka 142 VistaraDelhi Mumbai Notes Medan is continuation of Kuala Lumpur International flight as same flight number Cargo edit This section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section Unsourced material may be challenged and removed June 2023 Learn how and when to remove this template message AirlinesDestinationsBlue Dart AviationBangalore HyderabadCathay CargoHong KongEthiopian CargoAddis Ababa Hong KongEtihad CargoAbu Dhabi Shanghai Pudong 143 Hong Kong Air CargoHong Kong Colombo BandaranaikeLufthansa CargoFrankfurt Hong KongMASkargoKuala Lumpur InternationalQatar CargoColombo Bandaranaike DohaSF AirlinesChengdu Tianfu Ezhou 144 Shenzhen 145 Sichuan Airlines CargoChengdu Tianfu 146 Singapore Airlines CargoAmsterdam SingaporeTurkish CargoColombo Bandaranaike Dubai Al Maktoum IstanbulYTO Cargo Airlines 147 Guangzhou Kunming NanningStatistics editGraphs are unavailable due to technical issues There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki org Annual passenger traffic at MAA airport See Wikidata query Busiest domestic routes from MAA 2022 23 148 Rank Airport Carriers Departing passengers 1 Mumbai Maharashtra Air India Akasa Air IndiGo SpiceJet Vistara 1 055 365 2 Delhi Air India IndiGo SpiceJet Vistara 1 030 650 3 Bangalore Karnataka Air India Air India Express Akasa Air IndiGo 582 832 4 Hyderabad Telangana AIX Connect Alliance Air IndiGo SpiceJet 554 070 5 Kolkata West Bengal Air India IndiGo 427 764 6 Coimbatore Tamil Nadu Air India IndiGo 391 409 7 Pune Maharashtra IndiGo SpiceJet 265 680 8 Kochi Kerala IndiGo 260 356 9 Port Blair Andaman and Nicobar Islands Air India Akasa Air IndiGo SpiceJet 221 020 10 Madurai Tamil Nadu Air India IndiGo 174 297 Busiest international routes from MAA 2022 23 149 Rank Airport Carriers Departing passengers 1 nbsp Dubai United Arab Emirates Air India Emirates FlyDubai IndiGo 499 446 2 nbsp Singapore Air India Air India Express IndiGo Scoot Singapore Airlines 370 705 3 nbsp Colombo Bandaranaike Air India FitsAir IndiGo SpiceJet SriLankan 311 061 4 nbsp Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Air Asia Batik Air IndiGo Malaysia Airlines 243 576 5 nbsp Kuwait City Kuwait Air India IndiGo Jazeera Airways Kuwait Airways 154 739 6 nbsp Doha Qatar IndiGo Qatar Airways 149 389 7 nbsp Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Air Arabia Etihad Airways IndiGo 137 705 8 nbsp Muscat Oman IndiGo Oman Air 90 905 9 nbsp Sharjah United Arab Emirates Air Arabia 80 492 10 nbsp Bangkok Suvarnabhumi Thailand Thai Airways International 73 023Fixed base operators editFlight kitchen and caterers edit TajSATS a joint venture of the Indian Hotels Company and SATS formerly known as Singapore Airport Terminal Services provides in flight catering at Chennai Airport TajSATS adheres to ISO 22000 2005 standards and achieved Halal Certification It also manages airport lounges in Chennai and Mumbai airports 150 The airline lounges at Chennai Airport include Maharaja Lounge at the international terminal and the Indian Airlines Lounge at the domestic terminal 151 The Taj Madras Flight Kitchen a joint venture of the Indian Hotels SATS and Malaysia Airlines started in 1994 152 is situated at GST Road Pallavaram and operates airport restaurants at the airport 150 The Taj Madras Flight Kitchen also has a multi cuisine restaurant with a full fledged bar named Flights of Fancy at the airport serving snacks and refreshments 153 MRO hangar facility edit In 2008 Simplifly Deccan opened a US 2 9 million maintenance repair and overhaul MRO hangar at Chennai International Airport The 70 000 sq ft facility can handle one A320 or two ATR aircraft and provides basic and medium level maintenance checks and protective storage for Deccan and Kingfisher Airlines aircraft and functions as a repair shop and assembly area The hangar which took nearly two years to build has a total construction area of 3 200 sq m The maintenance hall spans 46 m wide 54 m deep and 17 m high The hangar has space for one Airbus A320 and 2 ATR aircraft at one time It is equipped with an engineering and training facility and an engineering maintenance conference room 154 Duty free shops edit The airport houses many duty free shops and restaurants in its lobby The authority is planning to open more shops in the premises It is said that around 18 500 sq ft of space is available for shops Recently Flemingo International Dubai was given the contract to open duty free shops in both the International and Domestic terminals 155 156 Connectivity editThe airport is situated on the Grand Southern Trunk Road National Highway 32 a major national highway connecting several cities within the state The airport is served by Tirusulam railway station on the Suburban railway network Airport prepaid taxis are available round the clock with moderate fares fixed by the government The airport metro station of the Chennai Metro connects the airport to other parts of the city making it the second airport in India to be connected to a metro system 157 Shuttle services between the metro station and the terminals are provided for the passengers 158 In future the concourse of the metro station will be linked to the passenger terminals by means of a connector tube connecting the metro station to the flyover at the terminals so that passengers alighting from the train can go to the departure area of the airport terminals without coming out of the station building 159 The Tirusulam suburban train station will also be integrated with the metro station and the airport 160 A flyover at the entrance of the airport helps the traffic on GST road bypass the entrance The Kathipara grade separator at Guindy facilitates the traffic flowing from the city centre onto the airport side In 2018 a 600 meter long travelator connecting the terminals was opened at a cost of 800 million 161 Greenery editA vertical garden was constructed in the terminals at a cost of 400 million The garden has about 40 different varieties of plants The garden is visible from the terminals and also the connecting tube that links the landside to the airside the area closer to the runway The garden is watered using the drip irrigation method 162 Future expansion editExpansion of present airport edit An integrated simulator will be installed at Chennai Airport which will be the first of its kind in the country at a cost of 200 million The equipment will be set up at the Air Traffic Services complex 163 In January 2018 a satellite terminal near the second runway was planned to be built in 3 years 164 A 1 5 km tunnel to connect the satellite terminal with the main buildings has been planned at a cost of 7 000 million This tunnel will run at a depth of 10 5 feet below the ground 165 Following the 23 000 million phase I expansion that began in 2007 and completed in 2013 the phase II expansion comes at a cost of 25 870 million is expected to begin in 2018 aimed to be completed in 42 months by September 2021 This will expand the area to 160 000 m2 with a capacity of 35 million passengers up from the existing capacity of 18 million With the completion the new building will serve as the sole integrated terminal alongside the existing newer domestic and international terminals 166 As of July 2018 the AAI had acquired 130 acres of land for the expansion of the present airport and acquisition of another 101 acres of land is in progress 167 Construction of the new integrated terminal is under progress and completion is expected by December 2022 which was delayed due to the COVID 19 pandemic Commission will be done in two phases the primary at June 2021 Automatic boarding additional food courts expansive baggage claim and arrival area extra greenery and state of the art architecture designs are features of the new terminal Officials say with this they will be able to surpass the present service rank of the airport which was lacked in poor maintenance both nationally and internationally The airport lagged in star ratings a lot behind other comparative major airports like Bangalore Kolkata and Hyderabad in Skytrax Airport Awards and other reviews due to its insufficient terminal space and sanitisation facilities at restrooms New greenfield airport at Parandur edit Main article Chennai greenfield airport Parandur In 2012 the feasibility report of the International Civil Aviation Organization ICAO suggested that a second airport for the city could come up on 5 000 acres 2 000 ha at Sriperumbudur was submitted to the state government The four runway second airport is proposed to be built on 4 823 acres near Sriperumbudur southwest of Chennai at an estimated cost of 35 000 million in the first phase and Second phase has not been disclosed 168 To be built in two phases the anticipated expenditure for phase I of the project is 40 000 million with an 87 000 sq m terminal along with a parking space for 750 vehicles The second phase involves 1 50 000 sq m of terminal and enhancing parking space to accommodate 1 500 vehicles at an investment of 14 750 million 169 The greenfield airport will be able to handle 40 million passengers per annum 170 As of September 2019 the State government has shortlisted six locations for the second international airport These include Thiruporur 40 km from the present airport Vallathur 70 km Thodur 55 km Mappedu 46 km Cheyyar 90 km and Maduramangalam 55 km 171 In August 2022 the state government finally selected Parandur in Kanchipuram district as location for the new greenfield airport The New Chennai Greenfield International Airport in Parandur will take a minimum 5 to 7 years to be built citation needed Apart from the expansion of the existing airport at Tirusulam the new greenfield airport at Parandur would come up on 4970 acres of land Awards editThe airport was ranked in the third place as the Best Airport by Size in the category of 15 25 million passengers per annum by Airports Council International in 2017 It was awarded as the Best Tourist Friendly Airport by Tamil Nadu Tourism from the Ministry of Tourism two consecutive times in 2016 and 2018 It was awarded the Gold Award by the survey of RoSPA Health and Safety Awards for ensuring proper hygienic conditions and safety from accidents and incidents as well as the Sword of Honour by the British Safety Council for ensuring safety and security both for the airport s Phase II of modernisation in 2020 It was ranked in the eighth place among the most punctual airports in the world globally by ensuring timely takeoffs and landings to and from the airport in 2021 by Cirium an aviation data analytics company 172 Accidents and Incidents editIn August 1984 a bomb blast 1 200 m from the airport killed 33 persons and injured 27 others It was in the older terminal building situated near Meenambakkam railway station 173 The entire concourse was razed down and had to be rebuilt 174 On 29 September 1986 Indian Airlines flight IC 571 an Airbus A300b2 1c registration VT ELV on a routine flight from Chennai to Mumbai aborted take off due to a bird strike and suffered a runway excursion No fatalities were reported The aircraft was damaged beyond repair On 5 March 1999 Air France flight 6745 an ex UTA Boeing 747 2B3F SCD freighter registration F GPAN carrying a revenue load of 66 tonnes of cargo from Charles de Gaulle Airport CDG Paris to Madras MAA via Karachi KHI and Bangalore BLR crash landed caught fire and burned out Madras ATC had cleared the aircraft for an ILS approach to the airport s runway 07 The crew abandoned the approach due to technical difficulties and the aircraft circled to attempt a second approach At the end of the second approach the aircraft s nose struck the runway while touching down because its nose gear was not locked The plane skidded and came to rest 7 000 feet 2 100 m down the 13 050 ft 3 980 m runway After it had come to a standstill the crew noticed smoke on the flight deck and began to extinguish the flames Soon after flames erupted in the aircraft s front section One crew member managed to escape from the flight deck via a rope ladder The remaining four crew members were rescued by the airport fire service from the rear before the flames engulfed the entire aircraft The fire service was unable to extinguish the fire and the aircraft burned out 175 2015 Chennai floods editFurther information 2015 South India floods nbsp Aerial view of submerged Chennai International Airport In December 2015 unprecedented rainfall associated with India s North east monsoon caused extensive flooding of the airport tarmac and runways The airport was closed for a week to all traffic by the AAI from the evening of 1 December until noon on 6 December About 1 500 passengers and 2 000 airport workers were evacuated as water entered terminal buildings and 30 35 aircraft were stranded on the apron 176 Military authorities permitted the use of Naval Air Station INS Rajali in Arakkonam 70 km 43 mi west of central Chennai and Tambaram Air Force Station 20 km 12 mi south as relief airports for a limited service of civilian commercial flights as well as official rescue assistance flights 177 Additionally Indian Air Force evacuated passengers from Chennai Airport to the two military bases for onward journeys on Air Force transport aircraft to other domestic destinations 178 On 5 December the Directorate General of Civil Aviation permitted a partial re opening of the airport during daylight hours under visual meteorological conditions only allowing airlines to ferry stranded aircraft out of Chennai without passengers or cargo on board Operations under instrument meteorological conditions were not permitted Rescue and assistance flights however were permitted to operate in and out of the airport 179 See also editTransport in Chennai Airports in India Air transport in India List of busiest airports in India by passenger traffic List of airlines of India Chennai greenfield airport 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from the original on 9 December 2015 Retrieved 3 December 2015 Chennai airport to be made operational today Zee News India Archived from the original on 7 December 2015 Retrieved 5 December 2015 Bibliography edit Lake A 1999 Flying units of the RAF Shrewsbury Airlife ISBN 1 84037 086 6 External links edit nbsp Media related to Chennai International Airport at Wikimedia Commons Official website Unofficial website Accident history for MAA at Aviation Safety Network Portals nbsp India nbsp Aviation nbsp Transport nbsp Engineering Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Chennai International Airport amp oldid 1220366415, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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