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Wikipedia

Afghan diaspora

April 27, 2023

Not to be confused with Pashtun diaspora.

Afghanistani diaspora refers to the Afghan people that reside and work outside of Afghanistan. They include natives and citizens of Afghanistan who have immigrated to other countries. The majority of the diaspora has been formed by Afghan refugees since the start of the Soviet–Afghan War in 1979; the largest numbers temporarily reside in Iran and Pakistan. As stateless refugees or asylum seekers, they are protected by the well-established non-refoulement principle and the U.N. Convention Against Torture.[40] The ones having at least one American parent are further protected by United States laws.[41][42]

Afghanistani diaspora
پناهندگان افغان
Regions with significant populations
 Iranc. 3 million (2023)[1][2]
 Pakistan1,285,754 (2022)[3][4]
 Germany377,000 (2022)[5]
 United States300,000 (2022)[6]
 United Arab Emirates300,000 (2023)[7][8]
 Russia150,000 (2017)[9]
 Turkey129,323 (2021)[10][11]
 Canada125,305 (2022)[12][13]
 United Kingdom79,000 (2019)[14]
 Sweden60,858 (2020)[15]
 Australia59,797 (2021)[16]
 Netherlands51,830 (2021)[17]
 France41,174 (2021)[18]
 Greece21,456 (2021)[19]
 Ukraine20,000 (2001)[20]
 Denmark18,018 (2017)[21]
 India15,806 (2021)[10][22]
 Belgium15,000 (2018)[23]
 Switzerland14,523 (2021)[19]
 Finland12,044 (2021)[24]
 Italy11,121-12,096 (2021)[19][25]
 Norway10,475 (2010)[26]
 Uzbekistan10,000 (2022)[27]
 Israel10,000 (2012)[28]
 Indonesia7,629 (2021)[10]
 Tajikistan6,775 (2021)[29]
 Qatar4,000 (2012)[30]
 Japan3,509 (2020)[31]
 New Zealand3,414 (2013)[32]
 Malaysia2,661 (2021)[10][33]
 Kazakhstan2,500+ (2021)[34][35]
 Romania2,384 (2020)[36]
 Kyrgyzstan2,000 (2002)[37]
 Ireland1,200 (2019)[38]
 Ecuador300–2,500 (2018)[39]
Languages
Dari Persian, Pashto, and languages spoken in the respective country of residence
Religion
Islam (majority)
Hinduism and Sikhism (minorites)

Outside the immediate region of Afghanistan, the largest and oldest communities of Afghanistanis exist in Germany; large communities also exist in the United States, the United Arab Emirates, Russia, Turkey, Canada, United Kingdom, Sweden, Netherlands, Australia and Austria. Some are nationals and citizens of the countries in those continents, especially those in the United States, Canada, Germany, Australia and New Zealand.[43][44][42]

Traditionally, the borders between Afghanistan and its southern and eastern neighboring countries have been fluid and vague.[45] Like other nations that were created by European empires, the borders of Afghanistan with neighboring countries often do not follow ethnic divisions, and several native ethnic groups are found on both sides of Afghanistan's border. This means that historically there was much movement across present day barriers.[46]

History

 
The April 1978 Saur Revolution led to the 1980s Soviet–Afghan War. These events compelled millions of Afghans to migrate to neighboring Pakistan and Iran on a temporary basis, i.e., until threats of torture, persecution and mistreatment disappear in Afghanistan.

After the 1979 Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, Afghan civilians began escaping to neighboring Pakistan and Iran where they were welcomed by the governments of those countries. From there many immigrated to North America, Europe and Oceania. Smaller number went north and began residing in various cities across the then Soviet Union. Some went to India, Saudi Arabia, and elsewhere within the Asian continent.[47]

After the withdrawal of Soviet forces in February 1989, large number of Afghans began returning to their homeland,[48] but after the mujahideen took control of the country in 1992 they again began migrated to neighboring countries. From there the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), the International Organization for Migration (IOM), the United States Refugee Admissions Program (USRAP) and many others began helping Afghans to resettle in Europe, North America and Oceania.

Since March 2002, around 4.4 million Afghan refugees have been repatriated to Afghanistan with the assistance of the UNHCR and IOM.[49][50][51][4] Nearly 1.3 million still remain in Pakistan[3] and 2.5 million or so in Iran.[52] A number of countries that were part of the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) have granted permanent residency to tens of thousands of eligible Afghans.[53][54][55][56][57][58] This creates a legal pathway for those Afghans to become citizens of those countries. Native people of Afghanistan now reside in at least 96 countries around the world.[19] Some of those returning from Pakistan have complained that "they have been beaten and slapped and told nobody in Pakistan wants them anymore."[59] Others have regarded Pakistan as their home because they were born there.[60] Returnees from Iran experience similar or worst punishments.[61] A number of returnees to Afghanistan make new journeys to the European Union (EU) to seek asylum there.[62][63]

Afghan diaspora around the world

 
Map of the Afghan diaspora in the world (includes Afghans of any ethnicity, ancestry or citizenship).
  Afghanistan
  + 1,000,000
  + 100,000
  + 10,000
  + 1,000

Numerous local places around the world with a high concentration of Afghans have been dubbed "Little Kabul", including Centerville District in Fremont, California, U.S.,[64] Steindamm in Hamburg, Germany,[65] Lajpat Nagar in Delhi, India,[66] and Hotel Sevastopol in Moscow, Russia.[67]

Western Asia

Main articles: Afghans in Iran, Afghans in Turkey, and Afghans in Qatar

Approximately 780,000 registered citizens of Afghanistan are temporarily residing in Iran under the care and protection of the UNHCR.[52][68][69] According to Afghanistan's Ministry of Refugees, the total number of Afghans in Iran is around 3 million.[1] The UNHCR stated in 2020 that little over 2 million undocumented citizens of Afghanistan were residing in various parts of the country.[52][69] According to IOM, over 1.1 million of them were repatriated to Afghanistan in 2021.[49][50] Over 600,000 have returned to Afghanistan in 2022.[70][2] According to Iran's Ambassador Hassan Kazemi Qomi, half of Iran's foreign investors are Afghans.[71]

Significant number of Afghans also reside in Turkey. They include business investors, registered refugees, migrant workers, and those trying to make their way to Europe.[10][72][73][11] Around 300,000 reside in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) where many are investors in Dubai and Abu Dhabi.[7][74][8] Some of them could be Iranians or Pakistanis using false Afghan passports.[75] Approximately 10,000 Afghans reside in Israel. They are Israelis by nationality.[28] Between 3,500 and 4,000 Afghans reside in Qatar.[30]

The UAE authorities were criticized was keeping thousands of Afghan asylum seekers in cramped and miserable conditions for more than 15 months. Afghans between 2,400-2,700 were being arbitrarily detained in Emirates Humanitarian Cities in Abu Dhabi. Several Afghans interviewed said they were not allowed to leave the site freely and were allowed visits to necessary hospitals only under close supervision by security forces and camp guards. HRW called for the UAE to release those arbitrarily detained, and to allow them a fair and efficient procedure to determine their status and protection needs. [76]

South Asia

Main articles: Afghans in Pakistan and Afghans in India
 
Islamabad, Pakistan

Nearly 1.3 million registered citizens of Afghanistan are temporarily residing in Pakistan.[3] Of these, 58.1% reside and work in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 22.8% in Balochistan, 11.7% in Punjab, 4.6% in Sindh, 2.4% in the capital Islamabad and 0.3% in Azad Kashmir.[4] They are also under the care and protection of the UNHCR.[77][78][79][80][81][82][83] Over one million returned to Afghanistan in 2022.[49][50][84] After the return of the Taliban government, most Afghans travel to Islamabad to obtain visas or other travel documents to other countries around the world.

Around 15,806 Afghans reside in India, mostly in the capital Delhi.[10][22][85][86] A small number also reside in Nepal.[87] Most of these fled Afghanistan as refugees but came to the capital Kathmandu from Delhi in for better aspirations.[88]

North and Central Asia

Main articles: Afghans in Russia and Afghans in Tajikistan
 
Moscow, Russia

There may be as much as 150,000 Afghan refugees in Russia, a third of them reside and work in Moscow.[89][90]

Approximately 10,000 Afghans are said to be residing in Uzbekistan.[91] Around 1,000 are believed to be in Tashkent.[27] In 2005, their total number in that country was approximately 2,500.[92]

The number of Afghans in Tajikistan is approximately 6,775 as of 2021.[29] Hundreds are also known to be residing elsewhere.[93] It is believed some 2,500 and probably over 3,000 are in Kazakhstan.[34][35]

East and Southeast Asia

In December 2020, there were 7,629 registered Afghan refugees residing in Indonesia under the care and protection of the UNHCR.[10][94][95][96] The government of Japan reported 3,509 natives of Afghanistan residing in its country.[31] Malaysia has approximately 1,100 Afghans.[33] In China, there are "a few thousand" Afghans residing there,[97] including traders based in the international trade city of Yiwu.[98] Small number of natives from Afghanistan also reside and work in Thailand, South Korea, Hong Kong, and in the Philippines.[19]

Europe

Main articles: Afghans in Germany, Afghans in the United Kingdom, Afghans in Sweden, Afghans in Ukraine, Afghans in the Netherlands, and Afghans in Finland
 
Hamburg, Germany

Native people from Afghanistan can be found all over Europe.[99][100] Germany has the largest Afghan community in Europe. In the end of 2020, a total of 271,805 persons with Afghan citizenship resided in Germany, including refugees and asylum seekers.[101] They are the third largest foreign group residing and working in the city of Hamburg, after the Poles and the Turks.

Elsewhere in Europe various size communities of Afghans exist in the United Kingdom, Sweden, Austria, the Netherlands, Denmark, Norway, Belgium, Switzerland, France, Greece, Italy, Finland, Republic of Ireland, etc.[102][58][103][104][105][106] Some have long been citizens of those countries while others are there to seek asylum. The ones that are denied such relief are sent back to Afghanistan.[107] It was reported in 2001 that about 20,000 Afghans were residing in Ukraine. Of these, 15,000 were living in Kyiv and remaining in the Dnieper region.[20]

Between 1992 and 2002, Germany received the highest asylum requests from Afghans in Europe, a total of 57,600. The Netherlands received 36,500 refugees and asylum seekers, the United Kingdom received 29,400, Austria 25,800, Denmark 7,300 and Sweden 3,100. All other countries in the (pre-2004) EU received less than 2,000 asylum requests each from Afghan citizens.[100] Many also arrived during the recent migrant crisis, especially to Germany, Sweden and Austria.[108]

Americas

Main articles: Afghan Americans and Afghan Canadians
 
Northern Virginia in the United States

The United States has one of the largest and oldest Afghan population in the Americas, with about 250,000 residing in that country as of 2022.[109][110] The early ones had arrived before the 1930s.[44][43] Most were lawfully admitted under 8 U.S.C. § 1157(c) after the Refugee Act of 1980 went into effect. They became Americans in accordance with 8 U.S.C. § 1159(a)(2), 8 U.S.C. § 1427, 8 U.S.C. § 1436, 8 U.S.C. § 1452, etc., including under the Child Citizenship Act of 2000.[42] They reside and work in nearly all U.S. states, including in California, New York, Arizona, Texas, Georgia, Michigan, Idaho, Missouri, Illinois, Pennsylvania, Florida, North Carolina, Massachusetts, Washington, Maryland, Connecticut, Colorado, Ohio, Utah, New Mexico, Oregon, and Tennessee.[111][112] Their total number is expected to increase in the coming years.[53][113][114][115][116][117][118]

Afghan Canadians form the second largest Afghan community in North America after Afghan Americans. Over 83,995 Afghan natives are settled in Canada and are Canadian citizens.[119] The overwhelming majority of them reside in and around the city of Toronto. The remaining can be found in Vancouver, Ottawa, Montreal, Winnipeg, Edmonton, Calgary, etc.[55]

Small number of natives from Afghanistan are also reported to be residing and working in Ecuador, Brazil, Cuba, Chile, Argentina, Venezuela, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Uruguay, Panama, Costa Rica, Mexico, Cayman Islands, and Trinidad and Tobago.[19]

Oceania

Main articles: Afghan Australians and Afghan New Zealanders
 
Melbourne, Australia

Afghans have immigrated to Australia since the mid-19th century. The Ghan passenger train that travels between Adelaide in the south and Darwin in the north is named after them. There are over 59,797 Afghan Australians. They reside in a number of cities but mainly in Melbourne, Sydney, Adelaide, Perth and Brisbane.[120] Around 3,414 Afghans reside in New Zealand. They are all citizens of those two countries.[121][32] Small number of natives from Afghanistan reportedly reside and work in the islands of Papua New Guinea, Nauru, and Fiji.[19]

Africa

Small number of natives from Afghanistan are also reported to be residing and working in Egypt, Kenya, Madagascar, South Africa, Morocco, Algeria, Chad, Ethiopia, and Nigeria.[19]

2,000 Afghan refugees have been accepted into Uganda following August 2021, along with 250 in Rwanda.[122]

See also

References

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  3. ^ a b c Ahmed, Amin (June 4, 2022). "Verification of Afghan refugees completed". Dawn. Retrieved 2023-01-28.
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    Afghanistan [...] Totale: 11121     [Italy - Center-Southern Asia
    Afghanistan [...] Total: 11,121]
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  40. ^ See generally
    • 8 U.S.C. § 1181(c)
    • 8 U.S.C. § 1231(b)(3)(A)
    • "Matter of Izatula, 20 I&N Dec. 149" (PDF). BIA. U.S. Dept. of Justice. February 6, 1990. p. 154.
    • "Matter of B, 21 I&N Dec. 66" (PDF). BIA. U.S. Dept. of Justice. May 19, 1995. p. 72.
    • "Matter of N-V-G-, 28 I&N Dec. 380". BIA. U.S. Dept. of Justice. September 17, 2021. p. 387.
  41. ^ See, e.g., generally 18 U.S.C. § 249; 18 U.S.C. § 876; 18 U.S.C. § 1958; 18 U.S.C. § 2332; 18 U.S.C. § 2441; "United States v. Morin, 80 F.3d 124". Fourth Circuit. Harvard Law School. April 5, 1996. p. 126. Retrieved 2021-08-02.
  42. ^ a b c
    • Eric L. Clay (January 8, 2004). "Ejelonu v. INS, DHS, 355 F.3d 539". Sixth Circuit. Harvard Law School. p. 541. Congress enacted the Child Citizenship Act of 2000 ('CCA'), which automatically granted citizenship to most foreign-born children of American parents.
    • Christopher F. Droney (September 13, 2018). "Khalid v. Sessions, 904 F.3d 129". Second Circuit. Harvard Law School. p. 135. Congress enacted the current version of [8 U.S.C. §§ 1431(a) and 1433(a)] with the passage of the Child Citizenship Act of 2000 ('CCA').
    • Ferdinand Fernandez (June 22, 2001). "Hughes v. Ashcroft, 255 F.3d 752". Ninth Circuit. Harvard Law School. p. 760. As I see it, the language [of §§ 1431(a) and 1433(a)] could be construed to allow coverage of [natural and biological children of U.S. citizens] who had reached the age of 18 years before the CCA's effective date.
    • Ruth Bader Ginsburg (June 12, 2017). "Sessions v. Morales-Santana, 137 S. Ct. 1678". U.S. Supreme Court. Harvard Law School. p. 1686. The general rules for acquiring U.S. citizenship are found in 8 U.S.C. § 1401....
    • Anthony Kennedy (June 11, 2001). "Nguyen v. INS, 533 U.S. 53". U.S. Supreme Court. Harvard Law School. p. 72.
    • William H. Pryor Jr. (March 14, 2013). "Belleri v. United States, 712 F.3d 543". Eleventh Circuit. Harvard Law School. p. 545. A child acquires derivative citizenship by operation of law, not by adjudication.
    • Per curiam (May 8, 2018). "Hinojosa v. Horn, 896 F.3d 305". Fifth Circuit. Harvard Law School. p. 311. To receive the certificate, petitioners must demonstrate good faith and a 'substantial basis' for the claim that they are, in fact, American citizens.
    • Lory D. Rosenberg (April 25, 1997). "In re Fuentes-Martinez, 21 I&N Dec. 893" (PDF). Board of Immigration Appeals. U.S. Dept. of Justice. p. 896 n.4. A person who claims to have derived United States citizenship by naturalization of a parent may apply ... for a certificate, but a certificate is not required.
    • Richard Clifton (March 23, 2005). "Solis-Espinoza v. Gonzales, 401 F.3d 1090". Ninth Circuit. Harvard Law School. p. 1094. The Immigration and Nationality Act ('INA') was intended to keep families together. It should be construed in favor of family units and the acceptance of responsibility by family members.
    • William Orrick III (October 7, 1981). "Petition for Naturalization of Tubig ex rel. Tubig, 559 F. Supp. 2". U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California. Harvard Law School. p. 3. A person naturalized under § 1433(a) need not meet many of the requirements for naturalization—such as language, residence, and physical presence requirements—imposed upon those who seek naturalization under other provisions.... Thus, qualifying for naturalization under § 1433(a) can be of substantial importance to applicants for naturalization.
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Further reading

  • Tropical welcome for Afghans in Brazil

April 27, 2023
afghan, diaspora, confused, with, pashtun, diaspora, afghanistani, diaspora, refers, afghan, people, that, reside, work, outside, afghanistan, they, include, natives, citizens, afghanistan, have, immigrated, other, countries, majority, diaspora, been, formed, . Not to be confused with Pashtun diaspora Afghanistani diaspora refers to the Afghan people that reside and work outside of Afghanistan They include natives and citizens of Afghanistan who have immigrated to other countries The majority of the diaspora has been formed by Afghan refugees since the start of the Soviet Afghan War in 1979 the largest numbers temporarily reside in Iran and Pakistan As stateless refugees or asylum seekers they are protected by the well established non refoulement principle and the U N Convention Against Torture 40 The ones having at least one American parent are further protected by United States laws 41 42 Afghanistani diasporaپناهندگان افغانRegions with significant populations Iranc 3 million 2023 1 2 Pakistan1 285 754 2022 3 4 Germany377 000 2022 5 United States300 000 2022 6 United Arab Emirates300 000 2023 7 8 Russia150 000 2017 9 Turkey129 323 2021 10 11 Canada125 305 2022 12 13 United Kingdom79 000 2019 14 Sweden60 858 2020 15 Australia59 797 2021 16 Netherlands51 830 2021 17 France41 174 2021 18 Greece21 456 2021 19 Ukraine20 000 2001 20 Denmark18 018 2017 21 India15 806 2021 10 22 Belgium15 000 2018 23 Switzerland14 523 2021 19 Finland12 044 2021 24 Italy11 121 12 096 2021 19 25 Norway10 475 2010 26 Uzbekistan10 000 2022 27 Israel10 000 2012 28 Indonesia7 629 2021 10 Tajikistan6 775 2021 29 Qatar4 000 2012 30 Japan3 509 2020 31 New Zealand3 414 2013 32 Malaysia2 661 2021 10 33 Kazakhstan2 500 2021 34 35 Romania2 384 2020 36 Kyrgyzstan2 000 2002 37 Ireland1 200 2019 38 Ecuador300 2 500 2018 39 LanguagesDari Persian Pashto and languages spoken in the respective country of residenceReligionIslam majority Hinduism and Sikhism minorites Outside the immediate region of Afghanistan the largest and oldest communities of Afghanistanis exist in Germany large communities also exist in the United States the United Arab Emirates Russia Turkey Canada United Kingdom Sweden Netherlands Australia and Austria Some are nationals and citizens of the countries in those continents especially those in the United States Canada Germany Australia and New Zealand 43 44 42 Traditionally the borders between Afghanistan and its southern and eastern neighboring countries have been fluid and vague 45 Like other nations that were created by European empires the borders of Afghanistan with neighboring countries often do not follow ethnic divisions and several native ethnic groups are found on both sides of Afghanistan s border This means that historically there was much movement across present day barriers 46 Contents 1 History 2 Afghan diaspora around the world 2 1 Western Asia 2 2 South Asia 2 3 North and Central Asia 2 4 East and Southeast Asia 2 5 Europe 2 6 Americas 2 7 Oceania 2 8 Africa 3 See also 4 References 5 Further readingHistory Edit The April 1978 Saur Revolution led to the 1980s Soviet Afghan War These events compelled millions of Afghans to migrate to neighboring Pakistan and Iran on a temporary basis i e until threats of torture persecution and mistreatment disappear in Afghanistan After the 1979 Soviet invasion of Afghanistan Afghan civilians began escaping to neighboring Pakistan and Iran where they were welcomed by the governments of those countries From there many immigrated to North America Europe and Oceania Smaller number went north and began residing in various cities across the then Soviet Union Some went to India Saudi Arabia and elsewhere within the Asian continent 47 After the withdrawal of Soviet forces in February 1989 large number of Afghans began returning to their homeland 48 but after the mujahideen took control of the country in 1992 they again began migrated to neighboring countries From there the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR the International Organization for Migration IOM the United States Refugee Admissions Program USRAP and many others began helping Afghans to resettle in Europe North America and Oceania Since March 2002 around 4 4 million Afghan refugees have been repatriated to Afghanistan with the assistance of the UNHCR and IOM 49 50 51 4 Nearly 1 3 million still remain in Pakistan 3 and 2 5 million or so in Iran 52 A number of countries that were part of the International Security Assistance Force ISAF have granted permanent residency to tens of thousands of eligible Afghans 53 54 55 56 57 58 This creates a legal pathway for those Afghans to become citizens of those countries Native people of Afghanistan now reside in at least 96 countries around the world 19 Some of those returning from Pakistan have complained that they have been beaten and slapped and told nobody in Pakistan wants them anymore 59 Others have regarded Pakistan as their home because they were born there 60 Returnees from Iran experience similar or worst punishments 61 A number of returnees to Afghanistan make new journeys to the European Union EU to seek asylum there 62 63 Afghan diaspora around the world Edit Map of the Afghan diaspora in the world includes Afghans of any ethnicity ancestry or citizenship Afghanistan 1 000 000 100 000 10 000 1 000 Numerous local places around the world with a high concentration of Afghans have been dubbed Little Kabul including Centerville District in Fremont California U S 64 Steindamm in Hamburg Germany 65 Lajpat Nagar in Delhi India 66 and Hotel Sevastopol in Moscow Russia 67 Western Asia Edit Main articles Afghans in Iran Afghans in Turkey and Afghans in Qatar Approximately 780 000 registered citizens of Afghanistan are temporarily residing in Iran under the care and protection of the UNHCR 52 68 69 According to Afghanistan s Ministry of Refugees the total number of Afghans in Iran is around 3 million 1 The UNHCR stated in 2020 that little over 2 million undocumented citizens of Afghanistan were residing in various parts of the country 52 69 According to IOM over 1 1 million of them were repatriated to Afghanistan in 2021 49 50 Over 600 000 have returned to Afghanistan in 2022 70 2 According to Iran s Ambassador Hassan Kazemi Qomi half of Iran s foreign investors are Afghans 71 Significant number of Afghans also reside in Turkey They include business investors registered refugees migrant workers and those trying to make their way to Europe 10 72 73 11 Around 300 000 reside in the United Arab Emirates UAE where many are investors in Dubai and Abu Dhabi 7 74 8 Some of them could be Iranians or Pakistanis using false Afghan passports 75 Approximately 10 000 Afghans reside in Israel They are Israelis by nationality 28 Between 3 500 and 4 000 Afghans reside in Qatar 30 The UAE authorities were criticized was keeping thousands of Afghan asylum seekers in cramped and miserable conditions for more than 15 months Afghans between 2 400 2 700 were being arbitrarily detained in Emirates Humanitarian Cities in Abu Dhabi Several Afghans interviewed said they were not allowed to leave the site freely and were allowed visits to necessary hospitals only under close supervision by security forces and camp guards HRW called for the UAE to release those arbitrarily detained and to allow them a fair and efficient procedure to determine their status and protection needs 76 South Asia Edit Main articles Afghans in Pakistan and Afghans in India Islamabad Pakistan Nearly 1 3 million registered citizens of Afghanistan are temporarily residing in Pakistan 3 Of these 58 1 reside and work in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 22 8 in Balochistan 11 7 in Punjab 4 6 in Sindh 2 4 in the capital Islamabad and 0 3 in Azad Kashmir 4 They are also under the care and protection of the UNHCR 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 Over one million returned to Afghanistan in 2022 49 50 84 After the return of the Taliban government most Afghans travel to Islamabad to obtain visas or other travel documents to other countries around the world Around 15 806 Afghans reside in India mostly in the capital Delhi 10 22 85 86 A small number also reside in Nepal 87 Most of these fled Afghanistan as refugees but came to the capital Kathmandu from Delhi in for better aspirations 88 North and Central Asia Edit Main articles Afghans in Russia and Afghans in Tajikistan Moscow Russia There may be as much as 150 000 Afghan refugees in Russia a third of them reside and work in Moscow 89 90 Approximately 10 000 Afghans are said to be residing in Uzbekistan 91 Around 1 000 are believed to be in Tashkent 27 In 2005 their total number in that country was approximately 2 500 92 The number of Afghans in Tajikistan is approximately 6 775 as of 2021 29 Hundreds are also known to be residing elsewhere 93 It is believed some 2 500 and probably over 3 000 are in Kazakhstan 34 35 East and Southeast Asia Edit In December 2020 there were 7 629 registered Afghan refugees residing in Indonesia under the care and protection of the UNHCR 10 94 95 96 The government of Japan reported 3 509 natives of Afghanistan residing in its country 31 Malaysia has approximately 1 100 Afghans 33 In China there are a few thousand Afghans residing there 97 including traders based in the international trade city of Yiwu 98 Small number of natives from Afghanistan also reside and work in Thailand South Korea Hong Kong and in the Philippines 19 Europe Edit Main articles Afghans in Germany Afghans in the United Kingdom Afghans in Sweden Afghans in Ukraine Afghans in the Netherlands and Afghans in Finland Hamburg Germany Native people from Afghanistan can be found all over Europe 99 100 Germany has the largest Afghan community in Europe In the end of 2020 a total of 271 805 persons with Afghan citizenship resided in Germany including refugees and asylum seekers 101 They are the third largest foreign group residing and working in the city of Hamburg after the Poles and the Turks Elsewhere in Europe various size communities of Afghans exist in the United Kingdom Sweden Austria the Netherlands Denmark Norway Belgium Switzerland France Greece Italy Finland Republic of Ireland etc 102 58 103 104 105 106 Some have long been citizens of those countries while others are there to seek asylum The ones that are denied such relief are sent back to Afghanistan 107 It was reported in 2001 that about 20 000 Afghans were residing in Ukraine Of these 15 000 were living in Kyiv and remaining in the Dnieper region 20 Between 1992 and 2002 Germany received the highest asylum requests from Afghans in Europe a total of 57 600 The Netherlands received 36 500 refugees and asylum seekers the United Kingdom received 29 400 Austria 25 800 Denmark 7 300 and Sweden 3 100 All other countries in the pre 2004 EU received less than 2 000 asylum requests each from Afghan citizens 100 Many also arrived during the recent migrant crisis especially to Germany Sweden and Austria 108 Americas Edit Main articles Afghan Americans and Afghan Canadians Northern Virginia in the United States The United States has one of the largest and oldest Afghan population in the Americas with about 250 000 residing in that country as of 2022 109 110 The early ones had arrived before the 1930s 44 43 Most were lawfully admitted under 8 U S C 1157 c after the Refugee Act of 1980 went into effect They became Americans in accordance with 8 U S C 1159 a 2 8 U S C 1427 8 U S C 1436 8 U S C 1452 etc including under the Child Citizenship Act of 2000 42 They reside and work in nearly all U S states including in California New York Arizona Texas Georgia Michigan Idaho Missouri Illinois Pennsylvania Florida North Carolina Massachusetts Washington Maryland Connecticut Colorado Ohio Utah New Mexico Oregon and Tennessee 111 112 Their total number is expected to increase in the coming years 53 113 114 115 116 117 118 Afghan Canadians form the second largest Afghan community in North America after Afghan Americans Over 83 995 Afghan natives are settled in Canada and are Canadian citizens 119 The overwhelming majority of them reside in and around the city of Toronto The remaining can be found in Vancouver Ottawa Montreal Winnipeg Edmonton Calgary etc 55 Small number of natives from Afghanistan are also reported to be residing and working in Ecuador Brazil Cuba Chile Argentina Venezuela Colombia Dominican Republic Uruguay Panama Costa Rica Mexico Cayman Islands and Trinidad and Tobago 19 Oceania Edit Main articles Afghan Australians and Afghan New Zealanders Melbourne Australia Afghans have immigrated to Australia since the mid 19th century The Ghan passenger train that travels between Adelaide in the south and Darwin in the north is named after them There are over 59 797 Afghan Australians They reside in a number of cities but mainly in Melbourne Sydney Adelaide Perth and Brisbane 120 Around 3 414 Afghans reside in New Zealand They are all citizens of those two countries 121 32 Small number of natives from Afghanistan reportedly reside and work in the islands of Papua New Guinea Nauru and Fiji 19 Africa Edit Small number of natives from Afghanistan are also reported to be residing and working in Egypt Kenya Madagascar South Africa Morocco Algeria Chad Ethiopia and Nigeria 19 2 000 Afghan refugees have been accepted into Uganda following August 2021 along with 250 in Rwanda 122 See also Edit Afghanistan portalAfghan refugees Hazara diaspora Pashtun diasporaReferences Edit a b Iran provides residency permits to one million Afghan refugees Ariana News January 2 2023 Retrieved 2023 01 28 a b More than 600 000 Afghans return home in past year Ariana News August 14 2022 a b c Ahmed Amin June 4 2022 Verification of Afghan refugees completed Dawn Retrieved 2023 01 28 a b c Registered Afghan Refugees in Pakistan UNHCR 30 June 2022 Retrieved 2023 01 28 Rohdatenauszahlung auslandische Bevolkerung 31 January 2023 Welcome allied media com BlueHost com Allied media com Retrieved 2022 12 24 a b Hakimi Bibi Amina January 19 2023 Afghan Investors in UAE to Form Delegation to Share Problems with Kabul TOLOnews Retrieved 2023 01 28 a b Shahbandari Shafaat November 30 2012 Afghans take hope from UAE s achievements Gulf News Retrieved 2013 11 05 Moscow s Little Kabul Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty 25 December 2017 a b c d e f g Onward Movements of Afghan Refugees PDF UNHCR March April 2021 retrieved 2021 08 10 a b The Afghan refugee crisis brewing on Turkey s eastern border The New Humanitarian August 3 2021 Retrieved 2021 08 13 Canada Census Profile 2021 Census Profile 2021 Census Statistics Canada Statistique Canada 7 May 2021 Retrieved 3 January 2023 Permanent Residents Monthly IRCC Updates Canada Admissions of Permanent Residents by Country of Citizenship Statistics Canada Retrieved 3 January 2022 Table 1 3 Overseas born population in the United Kingdom excluding some residents in communal establishments by sex by country of birth January 2019 to December 2019 Office for National Statistics 21 May 2020 Retrieved 17 October 2020 Figure given is the central estimate See the source for 95 confidence intervals Foreign born persons by country of birth age sex and year Statistics Sweden Retrieved 2021 07 29 People in Australia who were born in Afghanistan Australian Bureau of Statistics Retrieved 27 February 2023 CBS Statline Afghanistan Comment sont repartis les refugies afghans dans le monde 2 September 2021 a b c d e f g h How the US and the UK accept far fewer Afghan refugees than other countries New Statesman August 19 2021 Retrieved 2021 08 19 a b Afganska gromada Ukrayini October 8 2001 Retrieved 2021 07 29 Denmark Ministry of Foreign Affairs Afghanistan January 1 2017 Retrieved 2021 07 30 The number of Afghan immigrants living in Denmark per January 1st 2017 is 13240 There are also 4778 persons who are descendants of Afghan immigrants a b Afghan refugees in India cast adrift amid coronavirus pandemic DW News May 10 2020 Retrieved 2021 07 29 Bevolkerung nach Staatsangehorigkeit und Geburtsland 18 May 2018 Foreigners in Finland Statistics Finland June 9 2021 Retrieved 2021 07 30 Istituto Nazionale di Statistica 2020 Cittadini Stranieri Popolazione residente e bilancio demografico al 31 dicembre 2019 Foreign Citizens Resident population and demographic balance as in 31 Dec 2019 Report in Italian Rome Istat Retrieved 15 August 2021 Italia Asia Centro MeridionaleAfghanistan Totale 11121 Italy Center Southern AsiaAfghanistan Total 11 121 Statistics Norway Persons with immigrant background by immigration category and country background 1 January 2010 Archived October 28 2010 at the Wayback Machine a b Afghanistan s Ghani Visits Uzbekistan on Mission to Plug Into Central Asia Eurasianet December 5 2017 a b Arbabzadah Nushin 28 February 2012 The story of the Afghan Jews is one of remarkable tolerance The Guardian Retrieved 2017 04 12 a b Afghanistan Situation UNHCR August 31 2021 Retrieved 2022 01 10 a b Snoj Jure 18 December 2013 Population of Qatar by nationality bq magazine Archived from the original on 12 February 2017 a b Statistics on foreign residents in Japan formerly registered alien statistics statistics table Immigration Services of Japan in Japanese a b 2013 Census ethnic group profiles archive stats govt nz a b Afghan refugees in Malaysia find hope in Theatre of the Oppressed Turkey TRT World September 4 2017 Retrieved 2021 07 29 a b Salt dәstүrin ayalaj bilgen halyk akparattyk tanymdyk sajt El kz 7 November 2020 a b Boskyndardy kabyldauga үzildi kesildi karsymyn Қazakstandagy augan diasporasynyn basshysy Romania Refugee and migrant figures for 2020 March 30 201 Retrieved 2021 07 30 IFRC document Up to 500 relatives of Afghans in State to be offered temporary residency The Irish Times Los afganos latinoamericanos www trt net tr TRT Espanol See generally 8 U S C 1181 c 8 U S C 1231 b 3 A Matter of Izatula 20 I amp N Dec 149 PDF BIA U S Dept of Justice February 6 1990 p 154 Matter of B 21 I amp N Dec 66 PDF BIA U S Dept of Justice May 19 1995 p 72 Matter of N V G 28 I amp N Dec 380 BIA U S Dept of Justice September 17 2021 p 387 See e g generally 18 U S C 249 18 U S C 876 18 U S C 1958 18 U S C 2332 18 U S C 2441 United States v Morin 80 F 3d 124 Fourth Circuit Harvard Law School April 5 1996 p 126 Retrieved 2021 08 02 a b c Eric L Clay January 8 2004 Ejelonu v INS DHS 355 F 3d 539 Sixth Circuit Harvard Law School p 541 Congress enacted the Child Citizenship Act of 2000 CCA which automatically granted citizenship to most foreign born children of American parents Christopher F Droney September 13 2018 Khalid v Sessions 904 F 3d 129 Second Circuit Harvard Law School p 135 Congress enacted the current version of 8 U S C 1431 a and 1433 a with the passage of the Child Citizenship Act of 2000 CCA Ferdinand Fernandez June 22 2001 Hughes v Ashcroft 255 F 3d 752 Ninth Circuit Harvard Law School p 760 As I see it the language of 1431 a and 1433 a could be construed to allow coverage of natural and biological children of U S citizens who had reached the age of 18 years before the CCA s effective date Ruth Bader Ginsburg June 12 2017 Sessions v Morales Santana 137 S Ct 1678 U S Supreme Court Harvard Law School p 1686 The general rules for acquiring U S citizenship are found in 8 U S C 1401 Anthony Kennedy June 11 2001 Nguyen v INS 533 U S 53 U S Supreme Court Harvard Law School p 72 William H Pryor Jr March 14 2013 Belleri v United States 712 F 3d 543 Eleventh Circuit Harvard Law School p 545 A child acquires derivative citizenship by operation of law not by adjudication Per curiam May 8 2018 Hinojosa v Horn 896 F 3d 305 Fifth Circuit Harvard Law School p 311 To receive the certificate petitioners must demonstrate good faith and a substantial basis for the claim that they are in fact American citizens Lory D Rosenberg April 25 1997 In re Fuentes Martinez 21 I amp N Dec 893 PDF Board of Immigration Appeals U S Dept of Justice p 896 n 4 A person who claims to have derived United States citizenship by naturalization of a parent may apply for a certificate but a certificate is not required Richard Clifton March 23 2005 Solis Espinoza v Gonzales 401 F 3d 1090 Ninth Circuit Harvard Law School p 1094 The Immigration and Nationality Act INA was intended to keep families together It should be construed in favor of family units and the acceptance of responsibility by family members William Orrick III October 7 1981 Petition for Naturalization of Tubig ex rel Tubig 559 F Supp 2 U S District Court for the Northern District of California Harvard Law School p 3 A person naturalized under 1433 a need not meet many of the requirements for naturalization such as language residence and physical presence requirements imposed upon those who seek naturalization under other provisions Thus qualifying for naturalization under 1433 a can be of substantial importance to applicants for naturalization a b Khan v Barber 253 F 2d 547 U S Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit Harvard Law School March 11 1958 p 548 Retrieved 2021 08 01 a b In the Matter of K 2 I amp N Dec 253 Board of Immigration Appeals Casetext com May 26 1945 Retrieved 2021 08 01 The Durand line History Consequences and Future PDF Archived from the original PDF on 9 June 2021 Retrieved 4 June 2014 Afghan Pakistani Forces Exchange Fire Along Shared Border NPR May 7 2013 Retrieved 2021 08 01 Bose Nayana March 10 2006 Afghan refugees in India become Indian at last UNHCR Retrieved 2013 11 07 Refugees From Afghanistan The world s largest single refugee group PDF www refworld org November 16 1999 Archived PDF from the original on 2020 11 11 Retrieved December 11 2021 a b c Over 1 1m Afghans repatriated from Iran Pakistan last year Pajhwok Afghan News January 3 2022 Retrieved 2022 01 07 a b c IOM Afghanistan Highlights PDF International Organization for Migration January 5 2022 Retrieved 2022 01 07 UNHCR in Pakistan Retrieved 2021 07 30 Since 2002 in what has become the world s largest assisted return programme UNHCR has been facilitating voluntary repatriation of millions of Afghan refugees from Pakistan Ten years after programme began UNHCR has directly helped around 4 4 million Afghans to return home a b c Refugees in Iran UNHCR October 2020 Retrieved 2023 01 28 a b The U S Extends SIV Plus Extra 4 000 Visas to Afghans Khaama Press December 31 2022 Retrieved 2023 01 28 Strochlic Nina December 15 2021 Afghan refugees are finding a warm welcome in small town America National Geographic Retrieved January 7 2022 a b First Resettled Afghan Refugees and Families Arrive in Canada U S News amp World Report August 5 2021 Retrieved 2021 08 05 Stainburn Samantha May 22 2013 UK Denmark to give Afghan interpreters visas GlobalPost Retrieved November 5 2013 Let more Afghan interpreters resettle in UK say ex military chiefs BBC July 29 2021 Retrieved 2021 07 29 a b Afghans who worked for France get a chance at asylum and spark an exodus France 24 June 30 2021 Retrieved 2021 07 31 Goldstein Joseph February 23 2015 Refugees Are Pushed to Exits in Pakistan The New York Times Retrieved February 24 2015 Feature Afghan refugees regard Pakistan as home www xinhuanet com Xinhua June 21 2019 Archived from the original on June 21 2019 Retrieved 2019 09 14 Goldstein Joseph September 13 2015 For 14 50 Afghan Refugees Make a Desperate Bet on a Way Out The New York Times Retrieved September 15 2015 Afghan refugees are reaching Turkey in greater numbers The Economist July 31 2021 Retrieved 2021 08 03 Turkey accelerates security wall construction along Iranian border amid migrants flow Arab News July 29 2021 Retrieved 2021 08 03 Curiel Jonathan 4 June 2011 Little Kabul The New York Times How does Europe s largest Afghan diaspora view the crisis back home 20 September 2021 Delhi s Little Kabul A culinary reminder of home for Afghans in the capital Delhi News Times of India The Times of India Moscow s Little Kabul Afghanistan How many refugees are there and where will they go BBC News 31 August 2021 Retrieved 2022 01 06 a b Refugees and internally displaced persons The World Factbook Retrieved 2021 07 29 727 000 Afghans return in past 10 months UNFPA Pajhwok Afghan News 15 December 2022 Afghan nationals responsible for half of Iran s 2022 foreign investment Iran Press 15 December 2022 Retrieved 2022 12 16 57 000 illegal Afghans deported from Turkey Ariana News November 13 2022 Retrieved 2023 01 28 Turkey pushing tens of thousands of Afghans back at Iran border HRW Ariana News November 18 2022 Retrieved 2023 01 28 UAE is our haven The Afghan community Khaleej Times December 16 2016 Retrieved 2021 07 29 Fraud in Passport Office Revealed After Iranian National Got Afghan Passport TOLOnews August 22 2015 Retrieved 2021 07 28 It is now said many Iranians and Pakistanis seek out Afghan passports in order to get easier access to the UAE Saudi Arabia Alarming crackdown on online expression HRW Retrieved 15 February 2023 75 000 Afghan refugee families impacted by COVID 19 received emergency cash ReliefWeb 29 Jan 2021 Retrieved 2021 07 30 Asylum system in Pakistan UNHCR Retrieved 2021 07 30 200 000 CNICs fraudulently obtained by Afghans cancelled Pakistan Dawn News January 3 2021 Retrieved 2021 07 28 Pakistan scraps 200 000 ID cards issued to Afghans Pajhwok Afghan News January 3 2021 Retrieved 2021 07 28 Pakistan cancels 200 000 fake citizen ID cards held by Afghan refugees The Hindu January 3 2021 Retrieved 2021 07 28 Nadra cancels ex senator Hamdullah s citizenship Pakistan Dawn News October 27 2019 Retrieved 2021 07 28 Families of Afghan Taliban Live in Pakistan Interior Minister Says Voice of America June 27 2021 Retrieved 2021 07 28 Pakistan s interior minister said Sunday that the families of Afghanistan s Taliban reside in his country including in areas around the capital Islamabad and the insurgent group s members receive some medical treatment in local hospitals Over 500 000 Afghan Refugees Returned in Last 6 Months TOLOnews March 10 2022 Retrieved 2023 01 28 Afghan refugees in search of Indian identity UNHCR May 19 2005 Retrieved 2019 05 01 Tough times follow Afghan refugees fleeing Taliban to Delhi The Indian Express Associated Press July 24 2013 Retrieved 2013 11 07 Afghans in Nepal await resettlement Kathmandu s Little Kabul Moscow s Little Kabul RFE RL December 25 2017 Thousands of Afghan Refugees Still In Russia Voice of America October 29 2009 retrieved 2021 08 20 First Part of Joint Market Opens on Border with Uzbekistan TOLOnews December 27 2022 Retrieved 2023 01 28 Uzbekistan Gives Afghans No Reason to Stay IWRP November 20 2005 Refugees from Central Asia and in Central Asia Voices on Central Asia May 27 2020 Indonesia fact sheet PDF UNHCR December 2020 retrieved 2021 07 30 The forgotten Afghan refugees taking their own lives BBC News April 29 2021 Retrieved 2021 07 30 A Taliban escapee an English baby and the dramatic story that followed BBC News November 13 2019 Retrieved 2021 07 30 China Afghanistan and the Belt and Road Initiative Diplomacy and Reality Marsden Magnus 2020 Commodities merchants and refugees Inter Asian circulations and Afghan mobility Global Networks 20 4 746 765 doi 10 1111 glob 12272 S2CID 211461831 Afghan Nationals Remain the Second Top Nation With Most EU Asylum Applications EASO Reports June 25 2021 Retrieved 2021 07 29 a b Aurin Fouraschen August 2011 Afghan Dutch or Dutch Afghan University of Tilburg Foreign population by place of birth and selected citizenships Statistisches Bundesamt March 29 2021 Retrieved 2021 03 29 A Guide to Afghan Diaspora Engagement in Europe PDF VIDC Global Dialogue March 2020 Afghans in Antwerp The journey begins once we reach our destination Mondiaal Nieuws March 2 2021 Retrieved 2021 08 05 Italy warns of Afghan immigrant wave after troop pull out Geo News June 23 2021 Retrieved 2021 08 06 Italy has agreed to take in 270 people who worked with its soldiers and may accept another 400 the defence ministry said last week The Afghan writer who made Dublin home UNHCR September 22 2016 Retrieved 2021 07 31 Nasruddin Saljuqi had to flee from Afghanistan when war broke out Now he lives in Ireland and is a writer and an advocate for integration of asylum seekers and refugees Switzerland 23 Decrease in Number of Asylum Applications in 2020 Due to COVID 19 schengenvisainfo com February 3 2021 Retrieved 2021 07 31 Eritrean citizens 1 917 accounted for the majority number of citizenships who sought international protection in Switzerland during last year followed by citizens of Afghanistan Algeria as well as Syria Switzerland to return rejected asylum seekers to Afghanistan Swissinfo June 21 2021 Retrieved 2021 08 06 Migrants Protest Kabul Stockholm Move To Deport Failed Asylum Seekers 5 December 2015 At Every Step Afghans Coming to America Encounter Stumbling Blocks New York Times December 19 2021 Retrieved 2022 01 03 2019 American Community Survey 1 Year Estimates Afghan United States Census Bureau Retrieved 2021 03 02 Country of origin Afghanistan Great Falls Tribune Retrieved 2021 08 13 From Afghan interpreter to US homeless the long road to the American dream BBC News July 30 2021 Retrieved 2021 08 01 US Expands Eligibility for Afghan Refugee Resettlement Voice of America August 2 2021 Retrieved 2021 08 03 US Announces New Refugee Program for Afghans TOLOnews August 2 2021 Retrieved 2021 08 02 Welcome Home First Group of Evacuated Afghan Interpreters Arrive in US WMAQ TV July 30 2021 Retrieved 2021 07 30 The interpreters and their family members are being resettled under a visa program for those who worked with U S troops and now face retaliation from the Taliban amid America s withdrawal Afghan who aided U S arrive at Virginia base but many others remain in peril Los Angeles Times July 30 2021 Retrieved 2021 07 30 House votes to expand and speed up visa process for Afghans who helped the U S during war CNBC July 22 2021 Retrieved 2021 07 28 H R 3985 Averting Loss of Life and Injury by Expediting SIVs Act of 2021 U S Congress 22 July 2021 Retrieved 2021 07 23 Ethnic origin population statcan Statistics Canada 2016 Retrieved 2018 10 04 Greater Brisbane Afghan population profile id com au Retrieved 2021 08 02 2016 QuickStats Country of Birth quickstats censusdata abs gov au Retrieved 2019 09 01 Why African Governments Are Accepting Afghan Refugees Further reading EditTropical welcome for Afghans in Brazil Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Afghan diaspora amp oldid 1151900009, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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