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2020 in reptile paleontology

April 28, 2024

This list of fossil reptiles described in 2020 is a list of new taxa of fossil reptiles that were described during the year 2020, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to reptile paleontology that occurred in 2020.

List of years in reptile paleontology
In science
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
In paleobotany
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
In paleontology
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
In arthropod paleontology
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
In paleoentomology
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
In paleomalacology
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
In archosaur paleontology
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
In mammal paleontology
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
In paleoichthyology
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023

Lizards and snakes edit

New taxa edit

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Country Notes Images
Boipeba[1] Gen. et sp. nov Fachini et al. Late Cretaceous Adamantina   Brazil A snake belonging to the group Scolecophidia. The type species is B. tayasuensis.  
Borealoilysia[2] Gen. et sp. nov Valid Head Middle Eocene Bridger   United States
(  Wyoming) 		An aniliid snake. Genus includes new species B. gunnelli. Announced in 2020; the final version of the article naming was published in 2021.
Bothriagenys flectomendax[3] Sp. nov In press Wick & Shiller Late Cretaceous (early Campanian) Aguja   United States
(  Texas) 		A member of Borioteiioidea of uncertain phylogenetic placement.
Calumma benovskyi[4] Sp. nov Čerňanský et al. Early Miocene Hiwegi   Kenya A chameleon, a species of Calumma
 
Calumma benovskyi
Chalcides augei[5] Sp. nov Valid Čerňanský et al. Early middle Miocene   Russia A skink, a species of Chalcides. Announced in 2019; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2020.
Eoconstrictor[6] Gen. et comb. nov Valid Scanferla & Smith Eocene Messel   Germany A booid snake. The type species is "Palaeopython" fischeri Schaal (2004).  
Epileolis[7] Gen. et sp. nov Valid Alifanov Late Paleocene   Mongolia A lizard belonging to the family Agamidae. Genus includes new species E. reshetovi.
Gavialimimus[8] Gen. et sp. nov Valid Strong et al. Late Cretaceous   Morocco A mosasaur belonging to the subfamily Plioplatecarpinae. Genus includes new species G. almaghribensis.  
Gnathomortis[9] Gen. et comb. nov Valid Lively Late Cretaceous (middle Campanian)   United States
(  Colorado) 		A mosasaur belonging to the family Mosasauridae; a new genus for "Prognathodon" stadtmani Kass (1999).
Hydrargysaurus[3] Gen. et sp. nov In press Wick & Shiller Late Cretaceous (early Campanian) Aguja   United States
(  Texas) 		A member or a relative of the group Borioteiioidea. Genus includes new species H. gladius.
Hypostylos[3] Gen. et sp. nov In press Wick & Shiller Late Cretaceous (early Campanian) Aguja   United States
(  Texas) 		A member of Scincomorpha belonging to the "paramacellodid"/cordylid grade. Genus includes new species H. lehmani.
Kopidosaurus[10] Gen. et sp. nov Scarpetta Eocene Willwood   United States
(  Wyoming) 		A member of Pleurodonta of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is K. perplexus.
Messelopython[11] Gen. et sp. nov Valid Zaher & Smith Eocene Messel pit   Germany A stem pythonid snake. Genus includes new species M. freyi.
Neokotus[12] Gen. et sp. nov Valid Bittencourt et al. Early Cretaceous (Valanginian) Quiricó   Brazil A lizard belonging to the family Paramacellodidae. The type species is N. sanfranciscanus.
Vipera latastei ebusitana[13] Subsp. nov Valid Torres-Roig et al. Pleistocene–Holocene   Spain A viper, a subspecies of Vipera latastei.

Research edit

  • New fossil material of squamates is described from the Upper Cretaceous Fruitland and Kirtland formations (New Mexico, United States) by Woolley, Smith & Sertich (2020), expanding known taxonomic and morphological diversity of lizards within the "Hunter Wash Local Fauna".[14]
  • A study on the affinities of putative gekkotan eggshells from the Late Cretaceous of Europe is published by Choi et al. (2020), who interpret the fossil material of Pseudogeckoolithus as theropod eggshells.[15]
  • Fossils of tupinambine teiids are described from the late Eocene of the Quercy Phosphorites Formation (France) by Louis & Santiago (2020), representing the first record of this family from the Paleogene of Europe.[16]
  • A dentary of a cnemidophorine teiid is described from the Miocene of the Ogallala Group (Nebraska, United States) by Scarpetta (2020), who evaluates the implications of this specimen for the knowledge of the evolutionary history of cnemidophorines in North America during the Neogene.[17]
  • The first known fossil example of an iguana nesting burrow is reported from the Pleistocene Grotto Beach Formation (The Bahamas) by Martin et al. (2020).[18]
  • A study on the anatomy of the skull of Ophisaurus acuminatus, and on the taxonomic validity of this species, is published by Klembara & Čerňanský (2020).[19]
  • Fossil material of the monitor lizards is reported for the first time from the late Miocene localities in Armenia and Georgia by Vasilyan & Bukhsianidze (2020).[20]
  • A study on the evolutionary history of mosasauroids, comparing their evolutionary rates and traits to those of plesiosaurs and aiming to determine whether the rise and diversification of mosasauroids was influenced by competition with or disappearance of some plesiosaur taxa, is published by Madzia & Cau (2020).[21]
  • Grigoriev & Grabovskiy (2020) describe new fossil material of a tylosaurine from the Upper Cretaceous (Turonian) of the Chukotka Region (Russia), representing one of the oldest and northernmost mosasaur records reported so far, and evaluate the implications of this fossil material (as well as mosasaur fossils from the Santonian of the Komi Republic and from the Campanian–Maastrichtian of the Sakhalin Island) for the knowledge of the paleogeography and possible migrations of Arctic mosasaurs.[22]
  • A study on pathological features of a specimen of Prognathodon (belonging or related to the species P. sectorius) from the Maastrichtian Gulpen Formation (the Netherlands) is published by Bastiaans et al. (2020), who consider it most likely that this specimen was bitten in the snout by a large, possibly conspecific mosasaur, making it one of the few specimens with unambiguous evidence of agonistic interactions amongst mosasaurs.[23]
  • A study on the morphology of the snout of Taniwhasaurus antarcticus, indicating the presence of a complex internal neurovascular system of branched channels similar to systems present in extant aquatic vertebrates such as cetaceans and crocodiles, is published by Álvarez–Herrera, Agnolin & Novas (2020).[24]
  • Zietlow (2020) recovers growth series of Tylosaurus proriger and T. nepaeolicus, and tests the hypothesis that T. kansasensis represent juveniles of T. nepaeolicus.[25]
  • Redescription of Palaeophis oweni is published by Georgalis, Del Favero & Delfino (2020).[26]
  • Eocene snake vertebrae from Landana and Sassa-Zao (Angola), originally referred to Palaeophis aff. typhaeus, are assigned to the species Palaeophis africanus by Folie et al. (2020), who interpret these fossils as confirming the aquatic capabilities of palaeophiid snakes, and evaluate the implications of these fossils for the debate on the existence of primitive and advanced grades among palaeophiid snakes.[27]
  • New information on the anatomy of the Eocene fossil boas Messelophis variatus and Rieppelophis ermannorum, based on data from new specimens from the Messel pit (Germany), is presented by Scanferla & Smith (2020).[28]
  • Description of new fossil material of Thaumastophis missiaeni from the Eocene Cambay Shale (India) and a study on the phylogenetic relationships of this snake is published by Zaher et al. (2020), who name a new family Thaumastophiidae.[29]

Ichthyosauromorphs edit

New taxa edit

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Country Notes Images
Acuetzpalin[30] Gen. et sp. nov Valid Barrientos Lara, Alvarado Ortega, & Fernández Late Jurassic La Casita   Mexico An ichthyosaur belonging to the family Ophthalmosauridae. The type species is A. carranzai.
Cymbospondylus duelferi[31] Sp. nov Valid Klein et al. Middle Triassic (Anisian) Favret   United States
(  Nevada)
Hauffiopteryx altera[32] Sp. nov Valid Maxwell & Cortés Early Jurassic (Toarcian) Posidonia Shale   Germany
Nannopterygius borealis[33] Sp. nov Valid Zverkov & Jacobs Early Cretaceous (Berriasian)   Norway
  Russia
Thalassodraco[34] Gen. et sp. nov Valid Jacobs & Martill Late Jurassic (Tithonian) Kimmeridge Clay   United Kingdom An ichthyosaur belonging to the family Ophthalmosauridae. The type species is T. etchesi.  

Research edit

  • Partial trunk region of the largest hupehsuchian reported so far is described from the Early Triassic of Hubei, China by Qiao, Iijima & Liu (2020), who interpret this specimen as evidence of early establishment of high predation pressure in the sea after the Permian–Triassic extinction event and before the Middle Triassic.[35]
  • New anatomical features of the holotype specimen of Cartorhynchus lenticarpus revealed by CT scanning, including unique dentition, are reported by Huang et al. (2020), who evaluate the implications of this species for the knowledge of the evolution of tooth morphology and diet in basal ichthyosauriforms.[36]
  • A caudal vertebra of a basal ichthyosauriform similar to grippidians, representing the youngest record of basal ichthyosauriforms to date, is described from the Middle Triassic (Ladinian) of Mallorca (Spain) by Matamales-Andreu et al. (2020).[37]
  • A study on the age of the fossils of Thaisaurus chonglakmanii is published by Tongtherm et al. (2020).[38]
  • A study on the tempo and mode of the morphological evolution of ichthyosaurs is published by Moon & Stubbs (2020).[39]
  • A study on skeletal pathologies in ichthyosaur specimens from the Middle Triassic Besano Formation and the Lower Jurassic Posidonia Shale, evaluating their implications for the knowledge of changing locomotory and behavioural constraints affecting different ichthyosaur taxa through time, is published by Pardo-Pérez, Kear & Maxwell (2020).[40]
  • Two new specimens of Mixosaurus cornalianus, preserving evidence of the presence of a dorsal fin and a well-developed, triangular dorsal lobe of the caudal fin in this species, are described from the Anisian Besano Formation (Italy) by Renesto et al. (2020).[41]
  • Jiang et al. (2020) report the discovery of remains of a thalattosaur belonging to the genus Xinpusaurus in the abdominal region of a specimen of Guizhouichthyosaurus from the Middle Triassic (Ladinian) Zhuganpo Member of the Falang Formation (China), and interpret this finding as likely the oldest evidence for predation on megafauna by marine tetrapods reported so far.[42]
  • A study on the anatomy of the holotype specimen of Temnodontosaurus crassimanus is published by Swaby & Lomax (2020), who consider T. crassimanus to be a valid species.[43]
  • Description of the most complete and best-preserved skeleton of Suevoleviathan integer is published by Maisch (2020).[44]
  • Partial skeleton of an ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaur, found with an ichthyosaur tooth (probably not belonging to the same specimen) stuck on its rib, is described from the Upper Jurassic Rosso Ammonitico Veronese Formation (Italy) by Serafini et al. (2020), possibly representing the first evidence of scavenging between two ichthyosaurs reported so far.[45]
  • A study on the anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of Maiaspondylus lindoei, "Ophthalmosaurus" cantabrigiensis and "Platypterygius" ochevi is published by Zverkov & Grigoriev (2020), who transfer "O". cantabrigiensis to the genus Maiaspondylus, and consider "P. ochevi to be a junior synonym of M. cantabrigiensis.[46]
  • Description of a new specimen of Muiscasaurus catheti from the Aptian Paja Formation (Colombia), providing new information on the anatomy of this taxon, and a study on the phylogenetic relationships of M. catheti is published by Páramo-Fonseca et al. (2020).[47]

Sauropterygians edit

New taxa edit

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Country Notes Images
Brevicaudosaurus[48] Gen. et sp. nov Valid Shang, Wu & Li Middle Triassic (Ladinian) Falang   China A member of Nothosauroidea. The type species is B. jiyangshanensis.
Jucha[49] Gen. et sp. nov Valid Fischer et al. Early Cretaceous (Hauterivian) Klimovka   Russia An elasmosaurid plesiosaur. Genus includes new species J. squalea.  
Ophthalmothule[50] Gen. et sp. nov Valid Roberts et al. Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary (latest Tithonian/early Berriasian) Agardhfjellet   Norway A cryptoclidid plesiosaur. The type species is O. cryostea.  
Wunyelfia[51] Gen. et sp. nov In press Otero & Soto-Acuña Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Quiriquina   Chile An aristonectine elasmosaurid plesiosaur. Genus includes new species W. maulensis.  

Research edit

  • A study on the osteology and evolution of the temporal region of the skull of placodonts is published by Maisch et al. (2020).[52]
  • A study on the anatomy of the skull and braincase of Parahenodus atancensis, and on the anatomy of the reconstructed brain, inner ear and neurosensory structures of this taxon, is published by De Miguel Chaves et al. (2020).[53]
  • New fossil material of Lariosaurus sanxiaensis is described from the Lower Triassic Jialingjiang Formation (China) by Li & Liu (2020), who also study the phylogenetic relationships of this taxon, as well as the predator-prey relationship in the associated fauna and their implications for the knowledge of the biotic recovery after the Permian–Triassic extinction event.[54]
  • New fossil material of cryptoclidid plesiosaurs, including the first occurrence of Vinialesaurus in the Southern Hemisphere, is described from the Jurassic of the Atacama Desert by Otero et al. (2020).[55]
  • Redescription of the holotype specimen of Aphrosaurus furlongi and a study on the evolution and phylogenetic relationships of elasmosaurid plesiosaurs is published by O’Gorman (2020), who names a new clade Euelasmosaurida.[56]
  • The first non-aristonectine elasmosaurid skeleton from Antarctica that preserves an associated lower jaw is described by O’Gorman et al. (2020).[57]
  • An isolated cervical centrum of a brachauchenine pliosaurid is described from the Cenomanian of Russia by Zverkov & Pervushov (2020), who interpret this fossil as belonging to one of the largest known pliosaurids, and consider it to be evidence of survival gigantic pliosaurids into the Cenomanian.[58]
  • A study on the evolution of the short-necked plesiosaurs throughout the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods is published by Fischer et al. (2020).[59]

Turtles edit

New taxa edit

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Country Notes Images
Akoranemys[60] Gen. et sp. nov In press Pérez-García Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)   Madagascar A bothremydid pleurodiran. Genus includes new species A. madagasika.
Alatochelon[61] Gen. et sp. nov Valid Pérez-García, Vlachos & Murelaga Early Pliocene Cigarrón   Spain A large tortoise. Genus includes new species A. myrteum.
Allaeochelys liliae[62] Sp. nov In press Carbot-Chanona et al. Miocene (Aquitanian) Mazantic Shale   Mexico
Amabilis[63] Gen. et sp. nov Valid Hermanson et al. Late Cretaceous Bauru   Brazil A podocnemidoid pleurodiran. Genus includes new species A. uchoensis.  
Aragochersis[64] Gen. et sp. nov Valid Pérez García et al. Early Cretaceous (Albian) Escucha   Spain A member of the family Helochelydridae. Genus includes new species A. lignitesta.
Axestemys erquelinnensis[65] Sp. nov Valid Pérez-García & Smith Eocene (Ypresian)   Belgium Announced in 2020; the final version of the article naming was published in 2021.
Chelonoidis alburyorum keegani[66] Subsp. nov Valid Franz, Albury & Steadman Late Holocene   Turks and Caicos Islands A tortoise.
Chelonoidis alburyorum sementis[66] Subsp. nov Valid Franz, Albury & Steadman Late Holocene   Turks and Caicos Islands A tortoise.
Chersine khosatzkyi[67] Sp. nov Valid Redkozubov et al. Early Pliocene   Moldova A tortoise. Announced in 2020; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2021.
Gallica[68] Gen. et sp. nov Valid Pérez-García Late Paleocene   France A "macrobaenid" eucryptodiran. Genus includes new species G. lapparentiana.
Itapecuruemys[69] Gen. et sp. nov In press Batista, Carvalho & de la Fuente Early Cretaceous Itapecuru   Brazil A pleurodiran turtle belonging to the group Pelomedusoides. Genus includes new species I. amazonensis.
Jainemys[70] Gen. et comb. nov Valid Joyce & Bandyopadhyay Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Lameta   India A member of the family Bothremydidae belonging to the tribe Kurmademydini; a new genus for "Carteremys" pisdurensis Jain (1977).
Lakotemys[71] Gen. et sp. nov Valid Joyce, Rollot & Murelaga Early Cretaceous (Berriasian–Valanginian) Lakota   United States
(  South Dakota) 		A member of the family Baenidae. The type species is L. australodakotensis.
Laurasichersis[72] Gen. et sp. nov Pérez García Paleocene (Thanetian) Sables de Bracheux   France A member of the family Sichuanchelyidae. The type species is L. relicta.
Melanochelys tapani[73] Nom. nov Valid Garbin, Bandyopadhyay & Joyce Miocene/Pliocene Siwalik Hills   India A species of Melanochelys; a replacement name for Nicoria tricarinata var. sivalensis Lydekker (1889).
Mesoclemmys vanegasorum[74] Sp. nov Valid Cadena et al. Laventan La Victoria   Colombia A species of Mesoclemmys
Palaeomauremys metallicus[75] Sp. nov Valid Karl Oligocene   Germany A member of the family Geoemydidae.
Palauchelys[76] Gen. et sp. nov In press López-Conde et al. Late Cretaceous (Campanian) Olmos   Mexico A bothremydid pleurodiran. Genus includes new species P. montellanoi.
Prochelidella buitreraensis[77] Sp. nov Valid Maniel et al. Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) Candeleros   Argentina
Ragechelus[78] Gen. et sp. nov Valid Lapparent de Broin, Chirio & Bour Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Farin-Doutchi   Niger A member of the family Podocnemididae belonging to the subfamily Erymnochelyinae. The type species is R. sahelica.
Solnhofia brachyrhyncha[79] Sp. nov Valid Anquetin & Püntener Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) Reuchenette    Switzerland A member of Thalassochelydia.
Testudo hellenica[80] Sp. nov Valid Garcia et al. Miocene (Vallesian)   Greece A species of Testudo.  
Titanochelon kayadibiensis[81] Sp. nov Valid Karl, Staesche & Safi Miocene (Turolian -Tortonian)   Turkey A species of Titanochelon
Waluchelys[82] Gen. et sp. nov Valid Sterli et al. Late Triassic Quebrada del Barro   Argentina A member of the family Australochelyidae. Genus includes new species W. cavitesta.
Yaminuechelys sulcipeculiaris[83] Sp. nov Valid Oriozabala, Sterli & De La Fuente Late Cretaceous (Campanian–Maastrichtian) La Colonia   Argentina A member of the family Chelidae

Research edit

  • A study on the evolution of turtle skull architecture, aiming to assess the functional significance of changes in their skull architecture during feeding on the basis of data from extant and fossil taxa, is published by Ferreira et al. (2020).[84]
  • A study on the relation between ecology and shell shape in extant turtles, and its implications for the knowledge of the ecology of fossil turtles, is published by Dziomber, Joyce & Foth (2020).[85]
  • A study on the early evolution of turtles during the Triassic period is published by de la Fuente, Sterli & Krapovickas (2020).[86]
  • A study on non‐marine turtle distribution and diversity from the Late Triassic to the Paleogene is published by Cleary et al. (2020).[87]
  • Szczygielski (2020) revises the first described Triassic turtle Chelytherium obscurum, and considers it to be synonymous with Proterochersis robusta.[88]
  • Description of new fossil material of Indochelys spatulata from the Jurassic Kota Formation (India), and a study on the anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of this taxon, is published by Joyce & Bandyopadhyay (2020).[89]
  • The first three-dimensional reconstruction of the skull of Kallokibotion bajazidi is presented by Martín-Jiménez, Codrea & Pérez-García (2020).[90]
  • Fossil material of an indeterminate member of Pelomedusoides is described from the Valanginian Rosablanca Formation (Colombia) by Cadena (2020), who interprets this finding as additional evidence supporting the occurrence of Pelomedusoides during the Valanginian in northern South America.[91]
  • New specimens of Araripemys barretoi, providing new information on the morphological variation within this species, are described from the Crato Formation and Romualdo Formation (Brazil) by Limaverde et al. (2020).[92]
  • A study on the histology of the shell of Cearachelys placidoi is published by Sena et al. (2020).[93]
  • New fossil material of Cordichelys is described from the Eocene Birket Qarun Formation and Qasr el Sagha Formation (Egypt) by Cherney et al. (2020), who evaluate the implications of these fossils for the knowledge of the morphological variation within the genus Cordichelys, its ecology and the relationship between Cordichelys and Stereogenys.[94]
  • Cadena et al. (2020) describe new fossil material of Stupendemys geographicus from the Miocene of Venezuela and Colombia, providing new information on the anatomy and paleobiology of this species.[95]
  • Peltochelys duchastelii is reinterpreted as a member of Paracryptodira by Joyce & Rollot (2020).[96]
  • Description of the anatomy of the skull of Pleurosternon bullockii is published by Evers, Rollot & Joyce (2020).[97]
  • Redescription of the anatomy of the skull and mandible of Sandownia harrisi is published by Evers & Joyce (2020).[98]
  • New information on the anatomy and stratigraphic and geographic distribution of Anosteira pulchra is presented by Adrian et al. (2020).[99]
  • A revision of the extinct geoemydid Echmatemys from North America, based mainly on data from a slab containing several turtle shells collected from the Bridgerian of Levett Creek (Wyoming, United States), is published by Vlachos (2020).[100]
  • A study on the phylogenetic relationships of a putative testudinoid Cardichelyon rogerwoodi is published by Joyce & Claude (2020), who consider it more likely that this taxon is a member of Kinosternoidea.[101]
  • Fossil remains of dermochelyid turtles representing the first confidently identified multispecies assemblage of dermochelyids are described from the Oligocene Chandler Bridge and Ashley formations (South Carolina, United States) by Fallon & Boessenecker (2020).[102]

Archosauriformes edit

Archosaurs edit

Main article: 2020 in archosaur paleontology

Other archosauriforms edit

New taxa edit

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Country Notes Images
Polymorphodon[103] Gen. et sp. nov Valid Sues et al. Middle Triassic (Ladinian) Erfurt   Germany A non-archosaurian member of Archosauriformes. Genus includes new species P. adorfi.  
Rugarhynchos[104] Gen. et comb. nov Valid Wynd et al. Late Triassic Chinle   United States
(  New Mexico) 		A member of the family Doswelliidae; a new genus for "Doswellia" sixmilensis Heckert, Lucas & Spielmann (2012).  

Research edit

  • New Early Triassic archosauriform track assemblage is described from the Gardetta Plateau (Western Alps, Italy) by Petti et al. (2020), who interpret this finding as evidence of the presence of archosauriforms at low latitudes soon after the Permian–Triassic extinction event, and name a new ichnotaxon Isochirotherium gardettensis.[105]
  • Postcranial material of an erythrosuchid from the Rassypnaya locality (Olenekian; Orenburg Oblast, Russia), previously referred to Vjushkovia triplicostata, is referred to the species Garjainia prima by Maidment et al. (2020), who evalue the implications of this fossil material for the knowledge of the phylogenetic relationships, body mass and locomotor musculature of erythrosuchids.[106]
  • Redescription of the anatomy of the holotype specimen of Chanaresuchus bonapartei and a study on the phylogenetic relationships of this species is published by Trotteyn & Ezcurra (2020).[107]
  • Redescription of the anatomy of the skull and mandible of Euparkeria capensis is published Sookias et al. (2020).[108]
  • A study on the joint mobility of the hindlimb of Euparkeria capensis, and on its implications for the knowledge of the evolution of the locomotor capabilities of archosaurs, is published by Demuth, Rayfield & Hutchinson (2020).[109]
  • Phytosaur remains are described from the Upper Triassic Upper Karoo Group (Zimbabwe) by Barrett et al. (2020), representing the first record of members of this group from sub-Saharan Africa.[110]
  • An assemblage of at least 21 phytosaur specimens dominated by juveniles and subadults is described from the Upper Triassic Tiki Formation (India) by Datta, Mukherjee & Ray (2020), who interpret this finding as likely evidence of parental care in phytosaurs, and study the taphonomy of the assemblage.[111]
  • A study on the evolution of the skull shape in phytosaurs is published by Datta, Sharma & Ray (2020).[112]
  • A study comparing teeth microwear textures in Machaeroprosopus pristinus, Mystriosuchus planirostris, Nicrosaurus kapffi, N. meyeri and "Smilosuchus" lithodendrorum, aiming to determine whether microwear texture differences reflect dietary differences between phytosaur species, is published by Bestwick et al. (2020).[113]

Other reptiles edit

New taxa edit

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Country Notes Images
Carbonodraco Gen. et sp. nov Valid Mann et al. Carboniferous (Moscovian) Allegheny   United States A member of the family Acleistorhinidae. The type species is C. lundi. Announced in 2019;[114] the correction including the required ZooBank accession number was published in 2020.[115]  
Elessaurus[116] Gen. et sp. nov Valid De-Oliveira et al. Early Triassic Sanga do Cabral   Brazil An archosauromorph reptile of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly a relative of tanystropheids. The type species is E. gondwanoccidens.

 

Eomurruna[117] Gen. et sp. nov Valid Hamley, Cisneros & Damiani Early Triassic Arcadia   Australia A procolophonid. Genus includes new species E. yurrgensis.  
Feralisaurus[118] Gen. et sp. nov Valid Cavicchini, Zaher & Benton Middle Triassic (Anisian) Helsby Sandstone   United Kingdom A neodiapsid reptile of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly a member of Lepidosauromorpha. The type species is F. corami.
Gunakadeit[119] Gen. et sp. nov Valid Druckenmiller et al. Late Triassic (Norian) Hound Island   United States
(  Alaska) 		A thalattosaur. The type species is G. joseeae.
Heishanosaurus[120] Gen. et sp. nov Valid Dong et al. Early Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian) Shahai   China A member of Choristodera. The type species is H. pygmaeus.
Lanceirosphenodon[121] Gen. et sp. nov Valid Vivar et al. Late Triassic (Norian) Candelária   Brazil A rhynchocephalian. Genus includes new species L. ferigoloi.
Micromenodon[122] Gen. et sp. nov Valid Sues & Schoch Late Triassic (Carnian) Doswell   United States
(  Virginia) 		A rhynchocephalian. Genus includes new species M. pitti.
Oculudentavis Gen. et sp. nov Disputed Xing et al. Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) Burmese amber   Myanmar A diapsid of uncertain phylogenetic placement. Originally described as a member of Avialae[123] but subsequently argued to be a lizard.[124] Genus includes new species O. khaungraae. Its status as a validly named taxon is controversial because the scientific article it was named in was subsequently retracted.[125][126]  
Oryctorhynchus[127] Gen. et sp. nov Valid Sues, Fitch & Whatley Late Triassic (Carnian? - Norian?) Wolfville   Canada
(  Nova Scotia) 		A rhynchosaur. Genus includes new species O. bairdi.  
Raibliania[128] Gen. et sp. nov Valid Dalla Vecchia Late Triassic (Carnian) Calcare del Predil   Italy A member of the family Tanystropheidae. The type species is R. calligarisi.  
Skybalonyx[129] Gen. et sp. nov Valid Jenkins et al. Late Triassic Chinle   United States
(  Arizona) 		A member of the family Drepanosauridae. Genus includes new species S. skapter.
Smilodonterpeton[130] Gen. et sp. nov In press Skinner, Whiteside & Benton Late Triassic (Rhaetian)   United Kingdom A procolophonid. Genus includes new species S. ruthinensis.
Tanystropheus hydroides[131] Sp. nov Valid Spiekman et al. Late Triassic Besano Italy-Switzerland border  
Trilophosaurus phasmalophos[132] Sp. nov Valid Kligman et al. Late Triassic (Norian) Chinle   United States
(  Arizona)

 

Vellbergia[133] Gen. et sp. nov Sobral, Simões & Schoch Middle Triassic (Ladinian) Erfurt   Germany A non-lepidosaurian lepidosauromorph. The type species is V. bartholomaei.  
Youngetta[117] Gen. et comb. nov Valid Hamley, Cisneros & Damiani Early Triassic   China A procolophonid; a new genus for "Eumetabolodon" dongshengensis Li (1983).

Research edit

  • A study on fracture planes (unossified regions in the middle of vertebral centra) in tail vertebrae of mesosaurs is published by MacDougall et al. (2020), who argue that mesosaurs were theoretically capable of tail autotomy, but probably did not utilize this ability.[134]
  • A study on patterns of tooth development and replacement in Belebey and Bolosaurus, indicating that bolosaurid teeth had thecodont implantation with deep roots, is published by Snyder et al. (2020).[135]
  • Revision of Pachypes‐like footprints from the Cisuralian–Guadalupian of Europe and North America is published by Marchetti et al. (2020), who date the earliest known occurrence of Pachypes to the Artinskian, interpret the footprints belonging to the ichnospecies Pachypes ollieri as produced by nycteroleter pareiasauromorphs, and argue that the earliest occurrences of pareiasauromorph footprints precede the earliest occurrence of this group in the skeletal record by at least 10 million years.[136]
  • A study on the dental wear along the tooth rows of nearly one hundred jaws of Captorhinus aguti, indicating that this reptile preferred to feed using the right side of the jaw, is published by Reisz et al. (2020).[137]
  • Redescription of Cargninia enigmatica is published by Vivar et al. (2020).[138]
  • A study on the phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history of sphenodontian reptiles is published by Simões, Caldwell & Pierce (2020).[139]
  • A study on the feeding mechanics and ecology of Clevosaurus hudsoni and C. cambrica, as indicated by their bite force, resistance of skull bones to bending and torsion, and the distribution of stresses in the jaws during biting, is published by Chambi‐Trowell et al. (2020).[140]
  • A study on the anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of Colobops noviportensis is published by Scheyer et al. (2020), who reinterpret this taxon as a probable rhynchocephalian.[141]
  • A study on the morphology of teeth of Priosphenodon avelasi is published by LeBlanc et al. (2020).[142]
  • Partial skeleton of a small reptile, probably a juvenile specimen of Eusaurosphargis dalsassoi, is described from the Anisian Buchenstein Formation (northern Dolomites, Italy) by Renesto, Kustatscher & Gianolla (2020), who interpret this finding as possible evidence of that the lands emerged near the basins of the northern Dolomites, Besano Formation and Prosanto Formation had a similar reptilian fauna during the middle-late Anisian.[143]
  • Fossil tracks possibly produced by a monjurosuchid-like choristoderan are described from the Albian Daegu Formation (South Korea) by Lee, Kong & Jung (2020), who attempt to determine the trackmaker’s locomotory posture on land, and name a new ichnotaxon Novapes ulsanensis.[144]
  • A study on the anatomy of the skull of Champsosaurus lindoei is published by Dudgeon et al. (2020), who evaluate the morphology of a putative neomorphic bone in the skull and its possible developmental and functional origins.[145]
  • A study on the internal anatomy of the skull of Champsosaurus lindoei and C. natator, and on their probable sensory abilities, is published by Dudgeon et al. (2020).[146]
  • A study on the Triassic fossil record and evolution of non-archosaurian archosauromorph reptiles in South America is published by Ezcurra et al. (2020), who also identify the first record of the family Proterosuchidae from South America (partial braincase from the Buena Vista Formation, Uruguay).[147]
  • New fossil material of tanystropheid and azendohsaurid archosauromorphs, providing new information on the diversity of Late Triassic archosauromorph reptiles in North America, is described from the Lamy Quarry south of the town of Lamy (Garita Creek Formation; New Mexico, United States) by Hégron et al. (2020).[148]
  • Redescription of the anatomy of the skeleton of Macrocnemus fuyuanensis is published by Scheyer et al. (2020).[149]
  • Description of the morphology of the skull of Macrocnemus bassanii is published by Miedema et al. (2020).[150]
  • A study on the morphology of the skull of Tanystropheus hydroides is published by Spiekman et al. (2020).[151]
  • A study on bone histology of three archosauromorph reptiles (Lagerpeton chanarensis, Tropidosuchus romeri and Chanaresuchus bonapartei) from the Triassic Chañares Formation (Argentina), evaluating its implications for the knowledge of the paleobiology of these taxa, is published by Marsà, Agnolín & Novas (2020).[152]

Reptiles in general edit

  • A study on the dynamics of phenotypic and molecular evolution of reptiles during the early diversification of the major lineages of diapsid reptiles in the Permian and Triassic periods, and during the evolution of lepidosaurs from the Jurassic to the present, is published by Simões et al. (2020).[153]
  • A large, soft-shelled egg, most closely resembling eggs of extant lizards and snakes and possibly produced by a mosasaur, is described from the Upper Cretaceous Lopez de Bertodano Formation (Antarctica) by Legendre et al. (2020), who name a new ootaxon Antarcticoolithus bradyi.[154]
  • A study on the ecological diversity of Mesozoic marine tetrapods is published by Reeves et al. (2020).[155]
  • Diverse marine reptile faunas, including taxa previously known nearly exclusively from coeval strata of Europe (such as Temnodontosaurus, Stenopterygius, microcleidids, rhomaleosaurids and basal pliosaurids), are described from the Lower Jurassic Series (Pliensbachian and Toarcian stages) of Eastern Siberia (Russia) by Zverkov, Grigoriev & Danilov (2020).[156]
  • A study on the evolution of the archosauromorph ankle, aiming to test the hypothesis of fusion between the centrale and astragalus and the alternative hypothesis of a complete loss of the centrale, based on embryological and palaeontological data, is published by Blanco, Ezcurra & Bona (2020).[157]

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April 28, 2024
2020, reptile, paleontology, this, list, fossil, reptiles, described, 2020, list, taxa, fossil, reptiles, that, were, described, during, year, 2020, well, other, significant, discoveries, events, related, reptile, paleontology, that, occurred, 2020, list, year. This list of fossil reptiles described in 2020 is a list of new taxa of fossil reptiles that were described during the year 2020 as well as other significant discoveries and events related to reptile paleontology that occurred in 2020 List of years in reptile paleontology 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 In science 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023In paleobotany 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023In paleontology 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023In arthropod paleontology 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023In paleoentomology 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023In paleomalacology 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023In archosaur paleontology 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023In mammal paleontology 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023In paleoichthyology 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Art Archaeology Architecture Literature Music Philosophy Science Paleontology portalHistory of science portalDinosaurs portal Contents 1 Lizards and snakes 1 1 New taxa 1 2 Research 2 Ichthyosauromorphs 2 1 New taxa 2 2 Research 3 Sauropterygians 3 1 New taxa 3 2 Research 4 Turtles 4 1 New taxa 4 2 Research 5 Archosauriformes 5 1 Archosaurs 5 2 Other archosauriforms 5 2 1 New taxa 5 2 2 Research 6 Other reptiles 6 1 New taxa 6 2 Research 7 Reptiles in general 8 ReferencesLizards and snakes editNew taxa edit Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Country Notes Images Boipeba 1 Gen et sp nov Fachini et al Late Cretaceous Adamantina nbsp Brazil A snake belonging to the group Scolecophidia The type species is B tayasuensis nbsp Borealoilysia 2 Gen et sp nov Valid Head Middle Eocene Bridger nbsp United States nbsp Wyoming An aniliid snake Genus includes new species B gunnelli Announced in 2020 the final version of the article naming was published in 2021 Bothriagenys flectomendax 3 Sp nov In press Wick amp Shiller Late Cretaceous early Campanian Aguja nbsp United States nbsp Texas A member of Borioteiioidea of uncertain phylogenetic placement Calumma benovskyi 4 Sp nov Cernansky et al Early Miocene Hiwegi nbsp Kenya A chameleon a species of Calumma nbsp Calumma benovskyi Chalcides augei 5 Sp nov Valid Cernansky et al Early middle Miocene nbsp Russia A skink a species of Chalcides Announced in 2019 the final version of the article naming it was published in 2020 Eoconstrictor 6 Gen et comb nov Valid Scanferla amp Smith Eocene Messel nbsp Germany A booid snake The type species is Palaeopython fischeri Schaal 2004 nbsp Epileolis 7 Gen et sp nov Valid Alifanov Late Paleocene nbsp Mongolia A lizard belonging to the family Agamidae Genus includes new species E reshetovi Gavialimimus 8 Gen et sp nov Valid Strong et al Late Cretaceous nbsp Morocco A mosasaur belonging to the subfamily Plioplatecarpinae Genus includes new species G almaghribensis nbsp Gnathomortis 9 Gen et comb nov Valid Lively Late Cretaceous middle Campanian nbsp United States nbsp Colorado A mosasaur belonging to the family Mosasauridae a new genus for Prognathodon stadtmani Kass 1999 Hydrargysaurus 3 Gen et sp nov In press Wick amp Shiller Late Cretaceous early Campanian Aguja nbsp United States nbsp Texas A member or a relative of the group Borioteiioidea Genus includes new species H gladius Hypostylos 3 Gen et sp nov In press Wick amp Shiller Late Cretaceous early Campanian Aguja nbsp United States nbsp Texas A member of Scincomorpha belonging to the paramacellodid cordylid grade Genus includes new species H lehmani Kopidosaurus 10 Gen et sp nov Scarpetta Eocene Willwood nbsp United States nbsp Wyoming A member of Pleurodonta of uncertain phylogenetic placement The type species is K perplexus Messelopython 11 Gen et sp nov Valid Zaher amp Smith Eocene Messel pit nbsp Germany A stem pythonid snake Genus includes new species M freyi Neokotus 12 Gen et sp nov Valid Bittencourt et al Early Cretaceous Valanginian Quirico nbsp Brazil A lizard belonging to the family Paramacellodidae The type species is N sanfranciscanus Vipera latastei ebusitana 13 Subsp nov Valid Torres Roig et al Pleistocene Holocene nbsp Spain A viper a subspecies of Vipera latastei Research edit New fossil material of squamates is described from the Upper Cretaceous Fruitland and Kirtland formations New Mexico United States by Woolley Smith amp Sertich 2020 expanding known taxonomic and morphological diversity of lizards within the Hunter Wash Local Fauna 14 A study on the affinities of putative gekkotan eggshells from the Late Cretaceous of Europe is published by Choi et al 2020 who interpret the fossil material of Pseudogeckoolithus as theropod eggshells 15 Fossils of tupinambine teiids are described from the late Eocene of the Quercy Phosphorites Formation France by Louis amp Santiago 2020 representing the first record of this family from the Paleogene of Europe 16 A dentary of a cnemidophorine teiid is described from the Miocene of the Ogallala Group Nebraska United States by Scarpetta 2020 who evaluates the implications of this specimen for the knowledge of the evolutionary history of cnemidophorines in North America during the Neogene 17 The first known fossil example of an iguana nesting burrow is reported from the Pleistocene Grotto Beach Formation The Bahamas by Martin et al 2020 18 A study on the anatomy of the skull of Ophisaurus acuminatus and on the taxonomic validity of this species is published by Klembara amp Cernansky 2020 19 Fossil material of the monitor lizards is reported for the first time from the late Miocene localities in Armenia and Georgia by Vasilyan amp Bukhsianidze 2020 20 A study on the evolutionary history of mosasauroids comparing their evolutionary rates and traits to those of plesiosaurs and aiming to determine whether the rise and diversification of mosasauroids was influenced by competition with or disappearance of some plesiosaur taxa is published by Madzia amp Cau 2020 21 Grigoriev amp Grabovskiy 2020 describe new fossil material of a tylosaurine from the Upper Cretaceous Turonian of the Chukotka Region Russia representing one of the oldest and northernmost mosasaur records reported so far and evaluate the implications of this fossil material as well as mosasaur fossils from the Santonian of the Komi Republic and from the Campanian Maastrichtian of the Sakhalin Island for the knowledge of the paleogeography and possible migrations of Arctic mosasaurs 22 A study on pathological features of a specimen of Prognathodon belonging or related to the species P sectorius from the Maastrichtian Gulpen Formation the Netherlands is published by Bastiaans et al 2020 who consider it most likely that this specimen was bitten in the snout by a large possibly conspecific mosasaur making it one of the few specimens with unambiguous evidence of agonistic interactions amongst mosasaurs 23 A study on the morphology of the snout of Taniwhasaurus antarcticus indicating the presence of a complex internal neurovascular system of branched channels similar to systems present in extant aquatic vertebrates such as cetaceans and crocodiles is published by Alvarez Herrera Agnolin amp Novas 2020 24 Zietlow 2020 recovers growth series of Tylosaurus proriger and T nepaeolicus and tests the hypothesis that T kansasensis represent juveniles of T nepaeolicus 25 Redescription of Palaeophis oweni is published by Georgalis Del Favero amp Delfino 2020 26 Eocene snake vertebrae from Landana and Sassa Zao Angola originally referred to Palaeophis aff typhaeus are assigned to the species Palaeophis africanus by Folie et al 2020 who interpret these fossils as confirming the aquatic capabilities of palaeophiid snakes and evaluate the implications of these fossils for the debate on the existence of primitive and advanced grades among palaeophiid snakes 27 New information on the anatomy of the Eocene fossil boas Messelophis variatus and Rieppelophis ermannorum based on data from new specimens from the Messel pit Germany is presented by Scanferla amp Smith 2020 28 Description of new fossil material of Thaumastophis missiaeni from the Eocene Cambay Shale India and a study on the phylogenetic relationships of this snake is published by Zaher et al 2020 who name a new family Thaumastophiidae 29 Ichthyosauromorphs editNew taxa edit Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Country Notes Images Acuetzpalin 30 Gen et sp nov Valid Barrientos Lara Alvarado Ortega amp Fernandez Late Jurassic La Casita nbsp Mexico An ichthyosaur belonging to the family Ophthalmosauridae The type species is A carranzai Cymbospondylus duelferi 31 Sp nov Valid Klein et al Middle Triassic Anisian Favret nbsp United States nbsp Nevada Hauffiopteryx altera 32 Sp nov Valid Maxwell amp Cortes Early Jurassic Toarcian Posidonia Shale nbsp Germany Nannopterygius borealis 33 Sp nov Valid Zverkov amp Jacobs Early Cretaceous Berriasian nbsp Norway nbsp Russia Thalassodraco 34 Gen et sp nov Valid Jacobs amp Martill Late Jurassic Tithonian Kimmeridge Clay nbsp United Kingdom An ichthyosaur belonging to the family Ophthalmosauridae The type species is T etchesi nbsp Research edit Partial trunk region of the largest hupehsuchian reported so far is described from the Early Triassic of Hubei China by Qiao Iijima amp Liu 2020 who interpret this specimen as evidence of early establishment of high predation pressure in the sea after the Permian Triassic extinction event and before the Middle Triassic 35 New anatomical features of the holotype specimen of Cartorhynchus lenticarpus revealed by CT scanning including unique dentition are reported by Huang et al 2020 who evaluate the implications of this species for the knowledge of the evolution of tooth morphology and diet in basal ichthyosauriforms 36 A caudal vertebra of a basal ichthyosauriform similar to grippidians representing the youngest record of basal ichthyosauriforms to date is described from the Middle Triassic Ladinian of Mallorca Spain by Matamales Andreu et al 2020 37 A study on the age of the fossils of Thaisaurus chonglakmanii is published by Tongtherm et al 2020 38 A study on the tempo and mode of the morphological evolution of ichthyosaurs is published by Moon amp Stubbs 2020 39 A study on skeletal pathologies in ichthyosaur specimens from the Middle Triassic Besano Formation and the Lower Jurassic Posidonia Shale evaluating their implications for the knowledge of changing locomotory and behavioural constraints affecting different ichthyosaur taxa through time is published by Pardo Perez Kear amp Maxwell 2020 40 Two new specimens of Mixosaurus cornalianus preserving evidence of the presence of a dorsal fin and a well developed triangular dorsal lobe of the caudal fin in this species are described from the Anisian Besano Formation Italy by Renesto et al 2020 41 Jiang et al 2020 report the discovery of remains of a thalattosaur belonging to the genus Xinpusaurus in the abdominal region of a specimen of Guizhouichthyosaurus from the Middle Triassic Ladinian Zhuganpo Member of the Falang Formation China and interpret this finding as likely the oldest evidence for predation on megafauna by marine tetrapods reported so far 42 A study on the anatomy of the holotype specimen of Temnodontosaurus crassimanus is published by Swaby amp Lomax 2020 who consider T crassimanus to be a valid species 43 Description of the most complete and best preserved skeleton of Suevoleviathan integer is published by Maisch 2020 44 Partial skeleton of an ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaur found with an ichthyosaur tooth probably not belonging to the same specimen stuck on its rib is described from the Upper Jurassic Rosso Ammonitico Veronese Formation Italy by Serafini et al 2020 possibly representing the first evidence of scavenging between two ichthyosaurs reported so far 45 A study on the anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of Maiaspondylus lindoei Ophthalmosaurus cantabrigiensis and Platypterygius ochevi is published by Zverkov amp Grigoriev 2020 who transfer O cantabrigiensis to the genus Maiaspondylus and consider P ochevi to be a junior synonym of M cantabrigiensis 46 Description of a new specimen of Muiscasaurus catheti from the Aptian Paja Formation Colombia providing new information on the anatomy of this taxon and a study on the phylogenetic relationships of M catheti is published by Paramo Fonseca et al 2020 47 Sauropterygians editNew taxa edit Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Country Notes Images Brevicaudosaurus 48 Gen et sp nov Valid Shang Wu amp Li Middle Triassic Ladinian Falang nbsp China A member of Nothosauroidea The type species is B jiyangshanensis Jucha 49 Gen et sp nov Valid Fischer et al Early Cretaceous Hauterivian Klimovka nbsp Russia An elasmosaurid plesiosaur Genus includes new species J squalea nbsp Ophthalmothule 50 Gen et sp nov Valid Roberts et al Jurassic Cretaceous boundary latest Tithonian early Berriasian Agardhfjellet nbsp Norway A cryptoclidid plesiosaur The type species is O cryostea nbsp Wunyelfia 51 Gen et sp nov In press Otero amp Soto Acuna Late Cretaceous Maastrichtian Quiriquina nbsp Chile An aristonectine elasmosaurid plesiosaur Genus includes new species W maulensis nbsp Research edit A study on the osteology and evolution of the temporal region of the skull of placodonts is published by Maisch et al 2020 52 A study on the anatomy of the skull and braincase of Parahenodus atancensis and on the anatomy of the reconstructed brain inner ear and neurosensory structures of this taxon is published by De Miguel Chaves et al 2020 53 New fossil material of Lariosaurus sanxiaensis is described from the Lower Triassic Jialingjiang Formation China by Li amp Liu 2020 who also study the phylogenetic relationships of this taxon as well as the predator prey relationship in the associated fauna and their implications for the knowledge of the biotic recovery after the Permian Triassic extinction event 54 New fossil material of cryptoclidid plesiosaurs including the first occurrence of Vinialesaurus in the Southern Hemisphere is described from the Jurassic of the Atacama Desert by Otero et al 2020 55 Redescription of the holotype specimen of Aphrosaurus furlongi and a study on the evolution and phylogenetic relationships of elasmosaurid plesiosaurs is published by O Gorman 2020 who names a new clade Euelasmosaurida 56 The first non aristonectine elasmosaurid skeleton from Antarctica that preserves an associated lower jaw is described by O Gorman et al 2020 57 An isolated cervical centrum of a brachauchenine pliosaurid is described from the Cenomanian of Russia by Zverkov amp Pervushov 2020 who interpret this fossil as belonging to one of the largest known pliosaurids and consider it to be evidence of survival gigantic pliosaurids into the Cenomanian 58 A study on the evolution of the short necked plesiosaurs throughout the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods is published by Fischer et al 2020 59 Turtles editNew taxa edit Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Country Notes Images Akoranemys 60 Gen et sp nov In press Perez Garcia Late Cretaceous Cenomanian nbsp Madagascar A bothremydid pleurodiran Genus includes new species A madagasika Alatochelon 61 Gen et sp nov Valid Perez Garcia Vlachos amp Murelaga Early Pliocene Cigarron nbsp Spain A large tortoise Genus includes new species A myrteum Allaeochelys liliae 62 Sp nov In press Carbot Chanona et al Miocene Aquitanian Mazantic Shale nbsp Mexico Amabilis 63 Gen et sp nov Valid Hermanson et al Late Cretaceous Bauru nbsp Brazil A podocnemidoid pleurodiran Genus includes new species A uchoensis nbsp Aragochersis 64 Gen et sp nov Valid Perez Garcia et al Early Cretaceous Albian Escucha nbsp Spain A member of the family Helochelydridae Genus includes new species A lignitesta Axestemys erquelinnensis 65 Sp nov Valid Perez Garcia amp Smith Eocene Ypresian nbsp Belgium Announced in 2020 the final version of the article naming was published in 2021 Chelonoidis alburyorum keegani 66 Subsp nov Valid Franz Albury amp Steadman Late Holocene nbsp Turks and Caicos Islands A tortoise Chelonoidis alburyorum sementis 66 Subsp nov Valid Franz Albury amp Steadman Late Holocene nbsp Turks and Caicos Islands A tortoise Chersine khosatzkyi 67 Sp nov Valid Redkozubov et al Early Pliocene nbsp Moldova A tortoise Announced in 2020 the final version of the article naming it was published in 2021 Gallica 68 Gen et sp nov Valid Perez Garcia Late Paleocene nbsp France A macrobaenid eucryptodiran Genus includes new species G lapparentiana Itapecuruemys 69 Gen et sp nov In press Batista Carvalho amp de la Fuente Early Cretaceous Itapecuru nbsp Brazil A pleurodiran turtle belonging to the group Pelomedusoides Genus includes new species I amazonensis Jainemys 70 Gen et comb nov Valid Joyce amp Bandyopadhyay Late Cretaceous Maastrichtian Lameta nbsp India A member of the family Bothremydidae belonging to the tribe Kurmademydini a new genus for Carteremys pisdurensis Jain 1977 Lakotemys 71 Gen et sp nov Valid Joyce Rollot amp Murelaga Early Cretaceous Berriasian Valanginian Lakota nbsp United States nbsp South Dakota A member of the family Baenidae The type species is L australodakotensis Laurasichersis 72 Gen et sp nov Perez Garcia Paleocene Thanetian Sables de Bracheux nbsp France A member of the family Sichuanchelyidae The type species is L relicta Melanochelys tapani 73 Nom nov Valid Garbin Bandyopadhyay amp Joyce Miocene Pliocene Siwalik Hills nbsp India A species of Melanochelys a replacement name for Nicoria tricarinata var sivalensis Lydekker 1889 Mesoclemmys vanegasorum 74 Sp nov Valid Cadena et al Laventan La Victoria nbsp Colombia A species of Mesoclemmys Palaeomauremys metallicus 75 Sp nov Valid Karl Oligocene nbsp Germany A member of the family Geoemydidae Palauchelys 76 Gen et sp nov In press Lopez Conde et al Late Cretaceous Campanian Olmos nbsp Mexico A bothremydid pleurodiran Genus includes new species P montellanoi Prochelidella buitreraensis 77 Sp nov Valid Maniel et al Late Cretaceous Cenomanian Candeleros nbsp Argentina Ragechelus 78 Gen et sp nov Valid Lapparent de Broin Chirio amp Bour Late Cretaceous Maastrichtian Farin Doutchi nbsp Niger A member of the family Podocnemididae belonging to the subfamily Erymnochelyinae The type species is R sahelica Solnhofia brachyrhyncha 79 Sp nov Valid Anquetin amp Puntener Late Jurassic Kimmeridgian Reuchenette nbsp Switzerland A member of Thalassochelydia Testudo hellenica 80 Sp nov Valid Garcia et al Miocene Vallesian nbsp Greece A species of Testudo nbsp Titanochelon kayadibiensis 81 Sp nov Valid Karl Staesche amp Safi Miocene Turolian Tortonian nbsp Turkey A species of Titanochelon Waluchelys 82 Gen et sp nov Valid Sterli et al Late Triassic Quebrada del Barro nbsp Argentina A member of the family Australochelyidae Genus includes new species W cavitesta Yaminuechelys sulcipeculiaris 83 Sp nov Valid Oriozabala Sterli amp De La Fuente Late Cretaceous Campanian Maastrichtian La Colonia nbsp Argentina A member of the family Chelidae Research edit A study on the evolution of turtle skull architecture aiming to assess the functional significance of changes in their skull architecture during feeding on the basis of data from extant and fossil taxa is published by Ferreira et al 2020 84 A study on the relation between ecology and shell shape in extant turtles and its implications for the knowledge of the ecology of fossil turtles is published by Dziomber Joyce amp Foth 2020 85 A study on the early evolution of turtles during the Triassic period is published by de la Fuente Sterli amp Krapovickas 2020 86 A study on non marine turtle distribution and diversity from the Late Triassic to the Paleogene is published by Cleary et al 2020 87 Szczygielski 2020 revises the first described Triassic turtle Chelytherium obscurum and considers it to be synonymous with Proterochersis robusta 88 Description of new fossil material of Indochelys spatulata from the Jurassic Kota Formation India and a study on the anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of this taxon is published by Joyce amp Bandyopadhyay 2020 89 The first three dimensional reconstruction of the skull of Kallokibotion bajazidi is presented by Martin Jimenez Codrea amp Perez Garcia 2020 90 Fossil material of an indeterminate member of Pelomedusoides is described from the Valanginian Rosablanca Formation Colombia by Cadena 2020 who interprets this finding as additional evidence supporting the occurrence of Pelomedusoides during the Valanginian in northern South America 91 New specimens of Araripemys barretoi providing new information on the morphological variation within this species are described from the Crato Formation and Romualdo Formation Brazil by Limaverde et al 2020 92 A study on the histology of the shell of Cearachelys placidoi is published by Sena et al 2020 93 New fossil material of Cordichelys is described from the Eocene Birket Qarun Formation and Qasr el Sagha Formation Egypt by Cherney et al 2020 who evaluate the implications of these fossils for the knowledge of the morphological variation within the genus Cordichelys its ecology and the relationship between Cordichelys and Stereogenys 94 Cadena et al 2020 describe new fossil material of Stupendemys geographicus from the Miocene of Venezuela and Colombia providing new information on the anatomy and paleobiology of this species 95 Peltochelys duchastelii is reinterpreted as a member of Paracryptodira by Joyce amp Rollot 2020 96 Description of the anatomy of the skull of Pleurosternon bullockii is published by Evers Rollot amp Joyce 2020 97 Redescription of the anatomy of the skull and mandible of Sandownia harrisi is published by Evers amp Joyce 2020 98 New information on the anatomy and stratigraphic and geographic distribution of Anosteira pulchra is presented by Adrian et al 2020 99 A revision of the extinct geoemydid Echmatemys from North America based mainly on data from a slab containing several turtle shells collected from the Bridgerian of Levett Creek Wyoming United States is published by Vlachos 2020 100 A study on the phylogenetic relationships of a putative testudinoid Cardichelyon rogerwoodi is published by Joyce amp Claude 2020 who consider it more likely that this taxon is a member of Kinosternoidea 101 Fossil remains of dermochelyid turtles representing the first confidently identified multispecies assemblage of dermochelyids are described from the Oligocene Chandler Bridge and Ashley formations South Carolina United States by Fallon amp Boessenecker 2020 102 Archosauriformes editArchosaurs edit Main article 2020 in archosaur paleontology Other archosauriforms edit New taxa edit Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Country Notes Images Polymorphodon 103 Gen et sp nov Valid Sues et al Middle Triassic Ladinian Erfurt nbsp Germany A non archosaurian member of Archosauriformes Genus includes new species P adorfi nbsp Rugarhynchos 104 Gen et comb nov Valid Wynd et al Late Triassic Chinle nbsp United States nbsp New Mexico A member of the family Doswelliidae a new genus for Doswellia sixmilensis Heckert Lucas amp Spielmann 2012 nbsp Research edit New Early Triassic archosauriform track assemblage is described from the Gardetta Plateau Western Alps Italy by Petti et al 2020 who interpret this finding as evidence of the presence of archosauriforms at low latitudes soon after the Permian Triassic extinction event and name a new ichnotaxon Isochirotherium gardettensis 105 Postcranial material of an erythrosuchid from the Rassypnaya locality Olenekian Orenburg Oblast Russia previously referred to Vjushkovia triplicostata is referred to the species Garjainia prima by Maidment et al 2020 who evalue the implications of this fossil material for the knowledge of the phylogenetic relationships body mass and locomotor musculature of erythrosuchids 106 Redescription of the anatomy of the holotype specimen of Chanaresuchus bonapartei and a study on the phylogenetic relationships of this species is published by Trotteyn amp Ezcurra 2020 107 Redescription of the anatomy of the skull and mandible of Euparkeria capensis is published Sookias et al 2020 108 A study on the joint mobility of the hindlimb of Euparkeria capensis and on its implications for the knowledge of the evolution of the locomotor capabilities of archosaurs is published by Demuth Rayfield amp Hutchinson 2020 109 Phytosaur remains are described from the Upper Triassic Upper Karoo Group Zimbabwe by Barrett et al 2020 representing the first record of members of this group from sub Saharan Africa 110 An assemblage of at least 21 phytosaur specimens dominated by juveniles and subadults is described from the Upper Triassic Tiki Formation India by Datta Mukherjee amp Ray 2020 who interpret this finding as likely evidence of parental care in phytosaurs and study the taphonomy of the assemblage 111 A study on the evolution of the skull shape in phytosaurs is published by Datta Sharma amp Ray 2020 112 A study comparing teeth microwear textures in Machaeroprosopus pristinus Mystriosuchus planirostris Nicrosaurus kapffi N meyeri and Smilosuchus lithodendrorum aiming to determine whether microwear texture differences reflect dietary differences between phytosaur species is published by Bestwick et al 2020 113 Other reptiles editNew taxa edit Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Country Notes Images Carbonodraco Gen et sp nov Valid Mann et al Carboniferous Moscovian Allegheny nbsp United States A member of the family Acleistorhinidae The type species is C lundi Announced in 2019 114 the correction including the required ZooBank accession number was published in 2020 115 nbsp Elessaurus 116 Gen et sp nov Valid De Oliveira et al Early Triassic Sanga do Cabral nbsp Brazil An archosauromorph reptile of uncertain phylogenetic placement possibly a relative of tanystropheids The type species is E gondwanoccidens nbsp Eomurruna 117 Gen et sp nov Valid Hamley Cisneros amp Damiani Early Triassic Arcadia nbsp Australia A procolophonid Genus includes new species E yurrgensis nbsp Feralisaurus 118 Gen et sp nov Valid Cavicchini Zaher amp Benton Middle Triassic Anisian Helsby Sandstone nbsp United Kingdom A neodiapsid reptile of uncertain phylogenetic placement possibly a member of Lepidosauromorpha The type species is F corami Gunakadeit 119 Gen et sp nov Valid Druckenmiller et al Late Triassic Norian Hound Island nbsp United States nbsp Alaska A thalattosaur The type species is G joseeae Heishanosaurus 120 Gen et sp nov Valid Dong et al Early Cretaceous Aptian Albian Shahai nbsp China A member of Choristodera The type species is H pygmaeus Lanceirosphenodon 121 Gen et sp nov Valid Vivar et al Late Triassic Norian Candelaria nbsp Brazil A rhynchocephalian Genus includes new species L ferigoloi Micromenodon 122 Gen et sp nov Valid Sues amp Schoch Late Triassic Carnian Doswell nbsp United States nbsp Virginia A rhynchocephalian Genus includes new species M pitti Oculudentavis Gen et sp nov Disputed Xing et al Late Cretaceous Cenomanian Burmese amber nbsp Myanmar A diapsid of uncertain phylogenetic placement Originally described as a member of Avialae 123 but subsequently argued to be a lizard 124 Genus includes new species O khaungraae Its status as a validly named taxon is controversial because the scientific article it was named in was subsequently retracted 125 126 nbsp Oryctorhynchus 127 Gen et sp nov Valid Sues Fitch amp Whatley Late Triassic Carnian Norian Wolfville nbsp Canada nbsp Nova Scotia A rhynchosaur Genus includes new species O bairdi nbsp Raibliania 128 Gen et sp nov Valid Dalla Vecchia Late Triassic Carnian Calcare del Predil nbsp Italy A member of the family Tanystropheidae The type species is R calligarisi nbsp Skybalonyx 129 Gen et sp nov Valid Jenkins et al Late Triassic Chinle nbsp United States nbsp Arizona A member of the family Drepanosauridae Genus includes new species S skapter Smilodonterpeton 130 Gen et sp nov In press Skinner Whiteside amp Benton Late Triassic Rhaetian nbsp United Kingdom A procolophonid Genus includes new species S ruthinensis Tanystropheus hydroides 131 Sp nov Valid Spiekman et al Late Triassic Besano Italy Switzerland border nbsp Trilophosaurus phasmalophos 132 Sp nov Valid Kligman et al Late Triassic Norian Chinle nbsp United States nbsp Arizona nbsp Vellbergia 133 Gen et sp nov Sobral Simoes amp Schoch Middle Triassic Ladinian Erfurt nbsp Germany A non lepidosaurian lepidosauromorph The type species is V bartholomaei nbsp Youngetta 117 Gen et comb nov Valid Hamley Cisneros amp Damiani Early Triassic nbsp China A procolophonid a new genus for Eumetabolodon dongshengensis Li 1983 Research edit A study on fracture planes unossified regions in the middle of vertebral centra in tail vertebrae of mesosaurs is published by MacDougall et al 2020 who argue that mesosaurs were theoretically capable of tail autotomy but probably did not utilize this ability 134 A study on patterns of tooth development and replacement in Belebey and Bolosaurus indicating that bolosaurid teeth had thecodont implantation with deep roots is published by Snyder et al 2020 135 Revision of Pachypes like footprints from the Cisuralian Guadalupian of Europe and North America is published by Marchetti et al 2020 who date the earliest known occurrence of Pachypes to the Artinskian interpret the footprints belonging to the ichnospecies Pachypes ollieri as produced by nycteroleter pareiasauromorphs and argue that the earliest occurrences of pareiasauromorph footprints precede the earliest occurrence of this group in the skeletal record by at least 10 million years 136 A study on the dental wear along the tooth rows of nearly one hundred jaws of Captorhinus aguti indicating that this reptile preferred to feed using the right side of the jaw is published by Reisz et al 2020 137 Redescription of Cargninia enigmatica is published by Vivar et al 2020 138 A study on the phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history of sphenodontian reptiles is published by Simoes Caldwell amp Pierce 2020 139 A study on the feeding mechanics and ecology of Clevosaurus hudsoni and C cambrica as indicated by their bite force resistance of skull bones to bending and torsion and the distribution of stresses in the jaws during biting is published by Chambi Trowell et al 2020 140 A study on the anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of Colobops noviportensis is published by Scheyer et al 2020 who reinterpret this taxon as a probable rhynchocephalian 141 A study on the morphology of teeth of Priosphenodon avelasi is published by LeBlanc et al 2020 142 Partial skeleton of a small reptile probably a juvenile specimen of Eusaurosphargis dalsassoi is described from the Anisian Buchenstein Formation northern Dolomites Italy by Renesto Kustatscher amp Gianolla 2020 who interpret this finding as possible evidence of that the lands emerged near the basins of the northern Dolomites Besano Formation and Prosanto Formation had a similar reptilian fauna during the middle late Anisian 143 Fossil tracks possibly produced by a monjurosuchid like choristoderan are described from the Albian Daegu Formation South Korea by Lee Kong amp Jung 2020 who attempt to determine the trackmaker s locomotory posture on land and name a new ichnotaxon Novapes ulsanensis 144 A study on the anatomy of the skull of Champsosaurus lindoei is published by Dudgeon et al 2020 who evaluate the morphology of a putative neomorphic bone in the skull and its possible developmental and functional origins 145 A study on the internal anatomy of the skull of Champsosaurus lindoei and C natator and on their probable sensory abilities is published by Dudgeon et al 2020 146 A study on the Triassic fossil record and evolution of non archosaurian archosauromorph reptiles in South America is published by Ezcurra et al 2020 who also identify the first record of the family Proterosuchidae from South America partial braincase from the Buena Vista Formation Uruguay 147 New fossil material of tanystropheid and azendohsaurid archosauromorphs providing new information on the diversity of Late Triassic archosauromorph reptiles in North America is described from the Lamy Quarry south of the town of Lamy Garita Creek Formation New Mexico United States by Hegron et al 2020 148 Redescription of the anatomy of the skeleton of Macrocnemus fuyuanensis is published by Scheyer et al 2020 149 Description of the morphology of the skull of Macrocnemus bassanii is published by Miedema et al 2020 150 A study on the morphology of the skull of Tanystropheus hydroides is published by Spiekman et al 2020 151 A study on bone histology of three archosauromorph reptiles Lagerpeton chanarensis Tropidosuchus romeri and Chanaresuchus bonapartei from the Triassic Chanares Formation Argentina evaluating its implications for the knowledge of the paleobiology of these taxa is published by Marsa Agnolin amp Novas 2020 152 Reptiles in general editA study on the dynamics of phenotypic and molecular evolution of reptiles during the early diversification of the major lineages of diapsid reptiles in the Permian and Triassic periods and during the evolution of lepidosaurs from the Jurassic to the present is published by Simoes et al 2020 153 A large soft shelled egg most closely resembling eggs of extant lizards and snakes and possibly produced by a mosasaur is described from the Upper Cretaceous Lopez de Bertodano Formation Antarctica by Legendre et al 2020 who name a new ootaxon Antarcticoolithus bradyi 154 A study on the ecological diversity of Mesozoic marine tetrapods is published by Reeves et al 2020 155 Diverse marine reptile faunas including taxa previously known nearly exclusively from coeval strata of Europe such as Temnodontosaurus Stenopterygius microcleidids rhomaleosaurids and basal pliosaurids are described from the Lower Jurassic Series Pliensbachian and Toarcian stages of Eastern Siberia Russia by Zverkov Grigoriev amp Danilov 2020 156 A study on the evolution of the archosauromorph ankle aiming to test the hypothesis of fusion between the centrale and astragalus and the alternative hypothesis of a complete loss of the centrale based on embryological and palaeontological data is published by Blanco Ezcurra amp Bona 2020 157 References edit Thiago Schineider Fachini Silvio Onary Alessandro Palci Michael S Y Lee Mario Bronzati Annie Schmaltz Hsiou 2020 Cretaceous blindsnake from Brazil fills major gap in snake evolution iScience 23 12 Article 101834 Bibcode 2020iSci 23j1834F doi 10 1016 j isci 2020 101834 PMC 7718481 PMID 33305189 Jason J Head 2020 A South American snake lineage from the Eocene Greenhouse of North America and a reappraisal of the fossil record of anilioid snakes Geobios 66 67 55 65 doi 10 1016 j geobios 2020 09 005 a b c Steven L Wick Thomas A Shiller II 2020 New taxa among a remarkably diverse assemblage of fossil squamates from the Aguja formation lower Campanian of west Texas Cretaceous Research 114 Article 104516 Bibcode 2020CrRes 11404516W doi 10 1016 j cretres 2020 104516 S2CID 219751062 Andrej Cernansky Anthony Herrel Job M Kibii Christopher V Anderson Renaud Boistel Thomas Lehmann 2020 The only complete articulated early Miocene chameleon skull Rusinga Island Kenya suggests an African origin for Madagascar s endemic chameleons Scientific Reports 10 1 Article number 109 Bibcode 2020NatSR 10 109C doi 10 1038 s41598 019 57014 5 PMC 6954250 PMID 31924840 Andrej Cernansky Elena V Syromyatnikova Ekaterina S Kovalenko Konstantin M Podurets Alexander A Kaloyan 2020 The key to understanding the European Miocene Chalcides Squamata Scincidae comes from Asia the lizards of the East Siberian Tagay locality Baikal Lake in Russia The Anatomical Record 303 7 1901 1934 doi 10 1002 ar 24289 PMID 31595688 S2CID 203983366 Agustin Scanferla Krister T Smith 2020 Exquisitely preserved fossil snakes of Messel insight into the evolution biogeography habitat preferences and sensory ecology of early boas Diversity 12 3 Article 100 doi 10 3390 d12030100 hdl 11336 145425 V R Alifanov 2020 A new lizard Agamidae Iguania from the late Paleocene of south Mongolia Paleontological Journal 54 4 410 413 Bibcode 2020PalJ 54 410A doi 10 1134 S0031030120040036 S2CID 221161861 Archived from the original on 2020 08 01 Retrieved 2020 06 13 Catherine R C Strong Michael W Caldwell Takuya Konishi Alessandro Palci 2020 A new species of longirostrine plioplatecarpine mosasaur Squamata Mosasauridae from the Late Cretaceous of Morocco with a re evaluation of the problematic taxon Platecarpus ptychodon Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 18 21 1769 1804 Bibcode 2020JSPal 18 1769S doi 10 1080 14772019 2020 1818322 S2CID 224978215 J R Lively 2020 Redescription and phylogenetic assessment of Prognathodon stadtmani implications for Globidensini monophyly and character homology in Mosasaurinae Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 40 3 Article number e1784183 Bibcode 2020JVPal 40E4183L doi 10 1080 02724634 2020 1784183 Simon G Scarpetta 2020 Effects of phylogenetic uncertainty on fossil identification illustrated by a new and enigmatic Eocene iguanian Scientific Reports 10 1 Article number 15734 Bibcode 2020NatSR 1015734S doi 10 1038 s41598 020 72509 2 PMC 7519069 PMID 32978416 Hussam Zaher Krister T Smith 2020 Pythons in the Eocene of Europe reveal a much older divergence of the group in sympatry with boas Biology Letters 16 12 Article ID 20200735 doi 10 1098 rsbl 2020 0735 PMC 7775975 PMID 33321065 Jonathas Souza Bittencourt Tiago Rodrigues Simoes Michael Wayne Caldwell Max Cardoso Langer 2020 Discovery of the oldest South American fossil lizard illustrates the cosmopolitanism of early South American squamates Communications Biology 3 1 Article number 201 doi 10 1038 s42003 020 0926 0 PMC 7190622 PMID 32350412 Enric Torres Roig Kieren J Mitchell Josep Antoni Alcover Fernando Martinez Freiria Salvador Bailon Holly Heiniger Matthew Williams Alan Cooper Joan Pons Pere Bover 2021 Origin extinction and ancient DNA of a new fossil insular viper molecular clues of overseas immigration Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 192 1 144 168 doi 10 1093 zoolinnean zlaa094 C Henrik Woolley Nathan D Smith Joseph J W Sertich 2020 New fossil lizard specimens from a poorly known squamate assemblage in the Upper Cretaceous Campanian San Juan Basin New Mexico USA PeerJ 8 e8846 doi 10 7717 peerj 8846 PMC 7169976 PMID 32337098 Seung Choi Miguel Moreno Azanza Zoltan Csiki Sava Edina Prondvai Yuong Nam Lee 2020 Comparative crystallography suggests maniraptoran theropod affinities for latest Cretaceous European geckoid eggshell PDF Papers in Palaeontology 6 2 265 292 Bibcode 2020PPal 6 265C doi 10 1002 spp2 1294 S2CID 214537088 Auge Marc Louis Brizuela Santiago 2020 Transient presence of a teiid lizard in the European Eocene suggests transatlantic dispersal and rapid extinction PDF Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments 100 3 793 817 Bibcode 2020PdPe 100 793A doi 10 1007 s12549 019 00414 2 S2CID 211478772 Simon G Scarpetta 2020 Unusual lizard fossil from the Miocene of Nebraska and a minimum age for cnemidophorine teiids Royal Society Open Science 7 8 Article ID 200317 Bibcode 2020RSOS 700317S doi 10 1098 rsos 200317 PMC 7481707 PMID 32968509 S2CID 220962726 Anthony J Martin Dorothy Stearns Meredith J Whitten Melissa M Hage Michael Page Arya Basu 2020 First known trace fossil of a nesting iguana Pleistocene The Bahamas PLOS ONE 15 12 e0242935 Bibcode 2020PLoSO 1542935M doi 10 1371 journal pone 0242935 PMC 7725343 PMID 33296401 Jozef Klembara Andrej Cernansky 2020 Revision of the cranial anatomy of Ophisaurus acuminatus Jorg 1965 Anguimorpha Anguidae from the late Miocene of Germany Geodiversitas 42 28 539 557 doi 10 5252 geodiversitas2020v42a28 S2CID 228097212 Davit Vasilyan Maia Bukhsianidze 2020 The fossil record of the genus Varanus from the Southern Caucasus Armenia Georgia PeerJ 8 e8322 doi 10 7717 peerj 8322 PMC 6942675 PMID 31915588 Daniel Madzia Andrea Cau 2020 Estimating the evolutionary rates in mosasauroids and plesiosaurs discussion of niche occupation in Late Cretaceous seas PeerJ 8 e8941 doi 10 7717 peerj 8941 PMC 7164395 PMID 32322442 Dmitry V Grigoriev Alexander A Grabovskiy 2020 Arctic mosasaurs Squamata Mosasauridae from the Upper Cretaceous of Russia Cretaceous Research 114 Article 104499 Bibcode 2020CrRes 11404499G doi 10 1016 j cretres 2020 104499 S2CID 219431991 Dylan Bastiaans Jeroen J F Kroll Dirk Cornelissen Anne S Schulp John W M Jagt 2020 Cranial palaeopathologies in a Late Cretaceous mosasaur from the Netherlands Cretaceous Research 112 Article 104425 Bibcode 2020CrRes 11204425B doi 10 1016 j cretres 2020 104425 Gerardo Alvarez Herrera Federico Agnolin Fernando Novas 2020 A rostral neurovascular system in the mosasaur Taniwhasaurus antarcticus The Science of Nature 107 3 Article number 19 Bibcode 2020SciNa 107 19A doi 10 1007 s00114 020 01677 y hdl 11336 133328 PMID 32333118 S2CID 216111650 Amelia R Zietlow 2020 Craniofacial ontogeny in Tylosaurinae PeerJ 8 e10145 doi 10 7717 peerj 10145 PMC 7583613 PMID 33150074 S2CID 226238229 Georgios L Georgalis Letizia Del Favero Massimo Delfino 2020 Italy s largest snake Redescription of Palaeophis oweni from the Eocene of Monte Duello near Verona Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 65 3 523 533 doi 10 4202 app 00711 2019 hdl 2318 1759592 Annelise Folie Florias Mees Thierry De Putter Thierry Smith 2020 Presence of the large aquatic snake Palaeophis africanus in the middle Eocene marine margin of the Congo Basin Cabinda Angola Geobios 66 67 45 54 doi 10 1016 j geobios 2020 11 002 S2CID 229411514 Agustin Scanferla Krister T Smith 2020 Additional anatomical information on the Eocene minute boas Messelophis variatus and Rieppelophis ermannorum Messel Formation Germany Vertebrate Zoology 70 4 615 620 doi 10 26049 VZ70 4 2020 06 Hussam Zaher Annelise Folie Ana B Quadros Rajendra S Rana Kishor Kumar Kenneth D Rose Mohamed Fahmy Thierry Smith 2020 Additional vertebral material of Thaumastophis Serpentes Caenophidia from the early Eocene of India provides new insights on the early diversification of colubroidean snakes Geobios 66 67 35 43 doi 10 1016 j geobios 2020 06 009 S2CID 225415393 Jair Israel Barrientos Lara Jesus Alvarado Ortega Marta S Fernandez 2020 Acuetzpalin carranzai gen et sp nov A new ophthalmosauridae Ichthyosauria from the Upper Jurassic of Durango North Mexico Journal of South American Earth Sciences 98 Article 102456 Bibcode 2020JSAES 9802456B doi 10 1016 j jsames 2019 102456 S2CID 213102661 Nicole Klein Lars Schmitz Tanja Wintrich P Martin Sander 2020 A new cymbospondylid ichthyosaur Ichthyosauria from the Middle Triassic Anisian of the Augusta Mountains Nevada USA Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 18 14 1167 1191 Bibcode 2020JSPal 18 1167K doi 10 1080 14772019 2020 1748132 S2CID 219078178 Erin E Maxwell Dirley Cortes 2020 A revision of the Early Jurassic ichthyosaur Hauffiopteryx Reptilia Ichthyosauria and description of a new species from southwestern Germany Palaeontologia Electronica 23 2 Article number 23 2 a31 doi 10 26879 937 Nikolay G Zverkov Megan L Jacobs 2020 Revision of Nannopterygius Ichthyosauria Ophthalmosauridae reappraisal of the inaccessible holotype resolves a taxonomic tangle and reveals an obscure ophthalmosaurid lineage with a wide distribution Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 191 1 228 275 doi 10 1093 zoolinnean zlaa028 Megan L Jacobs David M Martill 2020 A new ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaur from the Upper Jurassic Early Tithonian Kimmeridge Clay of Dorset UK with implications for Late Jurassic ichthyosaur diversity PLOS ONE 15 12 e0241700 Bibcode 2020PLoSO 1541700J doi 10 1371 journal pone 0241700 PMC 7725355 PMID 33296370 Yu Qiao Masaya Iijima Jun Liu 2020 The largest hupehsuchian Reptilia Ichthyosauromorpha from the Lower Triassic of South China indicates early establishment of high predation pressure after the Permo Triassic mass extinction Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 39 5 e1719122 doi 10 1080 02724634 2019 1719122 S2CID 215756095 Jian dong Huang Ryosuke Motani Da yong Jiang Xin xin Ren Andrea Tintori Olivier Rieppel Min Zhou Yuan chao Hu Rong Zhang 2020 Repeated evolution of durophagy during ichthyosaur radiation after mass extinction indicated by hidden dentition Scientific Reports 10 1 Article number 7798 Bibcode 2020NatSR 10 7798H doi 10 1038 s41598 020 64854 z PMC 7210957 PMID 32385319 Rafel Matamales Andreu Oriol Oms Angel Galobart Josep Fortuny 2020 Middle Upper Triassic marine vertebrates of Mallorca Balearic Islands western Mediterranean Historical Biology An International Journal of Paleobiology 33 10 2520 2533 doi 10 1080 08912963 2020 1810682 S2CID 225004747 Kittichai Tongtherm Yasunari Shigeta Apsorn Sardsud Katsuo Sashida Sachiko Agematsu 2020 Age of the Early Triassic ichthyopterygian Thaisaurus inferred from ammonoid biostratigraphy Paleontological Research 24 4 276 284 doi 10 2517 2019PR022 S2CID 222136795 Benjamin C Moon Thomas L Stubbs 2020 Early high rates and 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