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Wikipedia

Controversial Reddit communities

September 02, 2023

Some communities on the social news site Reddit (known as "subreddits") are devoted to explicit, violent, or hateful material, and have been the topic of controversy. Controversial Reddit communities sometimes receive significant media coverage.

History

When Reddit was founded in 2005, there was only one shared space for all links, and subreddits did not exist. Subreddits were created later, but could only initially be created by Reddit administrators. In 2008, subreddit creation was opened to all users.[1]

Reddit rose to infamy in October 2011, when a report by CNN showed that Reddit was harboring the r/Jailbait community, which was devoted to sharing suggestive or revealing photos of underage girls. After commenters were seen asking for nude photos of underage girls, and under significant external scrutiny, Reddit shut down r/Jailbait.[2]

In 2012, the subreddit r/Creepshots received major backlash due to being a subreddit for sharing suggestive or revealing photos of women taken without their awareness or consent. Adrian Chen wrote a Gawker exposé of one of the subreddit's moderators and identified the person behind the account, starting discussion in the media about the ethics of anonymity and outing on the Internet.[3]

Quarantining

In 2015, Reddit introduced a quarantine policy to make visiting certain subreddits more difficult. Visiting or joining a quarantined subreddit requires bypassing a warning prompt.[4] In addition, quarantined subreddits do not appear in non-subscription based (aggregate) feeds such as r/all in order to prevent accidental viewing,[5] do not generate revenue, and their user count is not visible. Since 2018, subreddits are allowed to appeal their quarantine.[6]

Misinformation

Due to Reddit's decentralized moderation, user anonymity, and lack of fact-checking systems, the platform is highly prone to spreading misinformation and disinformation.[7] It has been suggested that those who use Reddit should exercise caution in taking user-created unsourced content as fact.[8] Reddit communities exhibit the echo chamber effect, in which repeated unsourced statements come to be accepted among the community as fact, leading to distorted worldviews among users.[9]

Much attention has been focused to the issue of potentially harmful medical misinformation. A 2021 letter from the United States Senate to Reddit CEO Steve Huffman expressed concern about the spread of COVID-19 misinformation on the platform.[10] Another example is a 2022 study revealing an abundance of unsourced and potentially harmful medical advice for urinary tract infections, such as suggesting fasting as a UTI cure.[11]

Banned subreddits

Banned subreddits refer to subreddits that Reddit has shut down indefinitely.

Beatingwomen

On June 9, 2014, a subreddit called r/beatingwomen was closed by Reddit. The community, which featured graphic depictions of violence against women, was banned after its moderators were found to be sharing users' personal information online, and collaborating to protect one another from sitewide bans. Following the ban, the community's founder rebooted the subreddit under the name r/beatingwomen2 in an attempt to circumvent the ban, but was banned afterwards.[12][13]

Braincels

r/Braincels was the most popular subreddit for incels, or "involuntary celibates", after r/Incels (see below) was banned, gaining 16,900 followers by April 2018. The subreddit promoted rape and suicide.[14] The subreddit was banned in 2019, after violating Reddit's content policy with respect to bullying and harassment.[15][16][17]

ChapoTrapHouse

r/ChapoTrapHouse was a subreddit dedicated to the leftist podcast Chapo Trap House which is associated with the term dirtbag left.[18][19] The community had 160,000 regulars before being banned on June 29, 2020, because they "consistently host rule-breaking content and their mods have demonstrated no intention of reining in their community."[20] Previously, the community had been quarantined for content that promotes violence.[19] The community of the subreddit later migrated to an instance of Lemmy, a Reddit alternative.[21]

The "Chimpire"

The term "Chimpire" refers to a collection of subreddits and affiliated websites that promoted anti-black racism, including frequent use of racial slurs. In June 2013, the subreddit r/niggers was banned from Reddit for engaging in vote manipulation, incitements of violence, and using racist content to disrupt other communities. Reddit general manager Erik Martin noted that the subforum was given multiple chances to comply with site rules, noting that "users can tell from the amount of warnings we extended to a subreddit as clearly awful as r/niggers that we go into the decision to ban subreddits with a lot of scrutiny".[22] Following the ban of r/niggers, the subreddit r/Coontown grew to become the most popular "Chimpire" site, with over 15,000 members at its peak.[23] Many of the posters on these subreddits were formerly involved with r/niggers.[24][25][26]

One of these subreddits, r/shitniggerssay, was banned in June 2015 at the same time as r/fatpeoplehate.[27] In the midst of changes to Reddit's content policy, r/Coontown was banned in August 2015.[28]

Chodi

r/Chodi, whose name is derived from a crude Hindi sexual slang term, was a right-wing Indian subreddit that claimed to be a "free speech sub for memes, jokes, satire, sarcasm and fun". The sub, which had over 90,000 subscribers as of January 2022, frequently propagated Islamophobic, anti-Christian, homophobic, and misogynistic content, with open calls for genocide against Muslims. Time reports that users used intentional misspellings and slang to circumvent Reddit's anti-hate speech software.[29][30] The Quint cited the subreddit's popularity as an example of how Reddit is used as a haven for hate speech in India.[31] It was banned on March 23, 2022, for promoting hate, causing its users to move to Telegram.[32]

ChongLangTV

Further information: Great Translation Movement

r/ChongLangTV, whose name is derived from the Great Wave off Kanagawa, was a Chinese-language subreddit that espoused extreme anti-Chinese sentiment. The sub, which had over 53,000 subscribers as of March 2022, was banned on March 2, 2022, for "exposing privacy of others." A participant of the subreddit told Radio Free Asia that the Reddit ban was due to Chinese long-arm internet censorship.[33] Following the ban, the community's founder rebooted the subreddit under the name r/CLTV in an attempt to circumvent the ban, but was banned afterwards.

CreepShots

A year after the closure of r/jailbait, another subreddit called r/CreepShots drew controversy in the press for hosting sexualized images of women without their knowledge.[34] In the wake of this media attention, u/violentacrez was added to r/CreepShots as a moderator;[35] reports emerged that Gawker reporter Adrian Chen was planning an exposé that would reveal the real-life identity of this user, who moderated dozens of controversial subreddits, as well as a few hundred general-interest communities. Several major subreddits banned links to Gawker in response to the impending exposé, and the account u/violentacrez was deleted.[36][37][38] Moderators defended their decisions to block the site from these sections of Reddit on the basis that the impending report was "doxing" (a term for exposing the identity of a pseudonymous person), and that such exposure threatened the site's structural integrity.[38]

When Chen informed u/violentacrez about the impending exposé, the user pleaded with Chen not to publish it, as he was concerned about the potential impact on his employment and finances, noting that his wife was disabled and he had a mortgage to pay. He also expressed concern that he would be falsely labeled a child pornographer or antisemite, due to some of the subreddits he had created. Despite u/violentacrez's offer to delete his postings and leave Reddit, Chen insisted he would still publish the piece.[3][39]

Gawker exposé

Chen published the piece on October 12, 2012, revealing that the person operating the u/violentacrez account was a middle-aged programmer from Arlington, Texas named Michael Brutsch.[3][40] Within a day of the article being published, Brutsch was fired by his employer, and the link to the exposé was briefly banned from Reddit.[41][42] He stated on Reddit after the article was published that he had received numerous death threats.[43]

Reddit CEO Yishan Wong defended the content Brutsch contributed to the site as free speech, and criticized efforts to ban the Gawker link on the same basis.[44] Wong stated that the staff had considered a site-wide ban on the link, but rejected this idea, for fear it would create a negative impression of the site without getting results.[45] Brutsch later briefly returned to Reddit on a different account, and criticized what he stated were numerous factual inaccuracies in the Gawker exposé.[46]

A week after the exposé, Brutsch held an interview with CNN that aired on Anderson Cooper 360°. In the interview with journalist Drew Griffin, Brutsch was apologetic about his activity on Reddit. He explained that he was most fond of the appreciation he got from other redditors, and that Reddit helped him relieve stress. Brutsch also described the support he had from administrators, stating that he had received an award for his contributions. Reddit noted that the award was for winning a community vote for "Worst Subreddit", and stated that they regretted sending it, as well as claiming the u/violentacrez account had been banned on several occasions.[47][48] Brutsch subsequently noted on Reddit that he regretted doing the interview, and criticized the accuracy of the statement Reddit gave to CNN.[49]

Chris Slowe, a lead programmer of Reddit until 2010, said of the relationship between Brutsch and the Reddit staff: "We just stayed out of there and let him do his thing and we knew at least he was getting rid of a lot of stuff that wasn't particularly legal."[3]

Ethics of outing

Further information: Doxing and Internet privacy

Gawker's outing of Brutsch as u/violentacrez led to contentious discussion about privacy and anonymity on the Internet.[50] Such discussions included claims that outing, or "doxing", was necessary to draw attention to objectionable content so it could be removed, while others claimed that it impeded the ability for people to exercise their right to legal free speech online due to fear of public retribution.[51][52]

Jude Doyle (at the time known as Sady Doyle), while writing for The Guardian, compared it to the outing of the alleged blackmailer of Amanda Todd, and suggested that such outings may be justified. He also stated that they may also unduly focus attention on individuals without confronting the underlying problems, by engaging in "sensationalism" at the expense of cultural reform.[53] In PC Magazine, Damon Poeter stated that, while he has defended protecting anonymity on the Internet, he still supported Brutsch being outed, as he felt that the various subreddits he contributed to as u/violentacrez were serious invasions of privacy, regardless of legality, and that it was therefore justifiable to reveal his personal details.[52]

The public outpouring of hostility towards Brutsch following the exposé prompted commentators such as Danah Boyd of Wired and Michelle Star of CNET to question the morality of outing as a way to enforce societal standards online.[54][55] Several commentators have expressed concern that the public shaming of Brutsch to serve as an example to others is legitimizing Internet vigilantism, and exposing individuals such as Brutsch to mass retribution.[54][55][56][57]

CringeAnarchy

r/CringeAnarchy was a subreddit themed around "cringe" and "edgy", politically incorrect content. Originally an uncensored (hence "anarchy") spinoff of r/cringe,[58] its content later shifted to the far right, with anti-transgender and anti-"SJW" content taking over.[59][60][61] The subreddit was quarantined in September 2018, at which point it had over 400,000 subscribers.[62][63][64]

Following the 2019 Christchurch mosque shootings, more anti-Muslim posts were made on the subreddit.[65] The subreddit was banned on April 25, 2019, for violating Reddit's content policy regarding violent content.[66]

DarkNetMarkets

The subreddit r/DarkNetMarkets, a darknet market discussion forum, featured participation from their owners, causing US authorities to request personal information behind several accounts.[67][68] This subreddit was banned on March 21, 2018.[69][70]

Deepfakes

See also: Deepfake

Deepfakes was a controversial subreddit that superimposed famous female actresses onto pornographic videos, made using FakeApp, without the consent of the actresses.[71] Such actresses included Emma Watson and Daisy Ridley.[71][72] After the subreddit was given notoriety from the press, videos from the subreddit were banned from Gfycat and Discord. On February 7, 2018, the day after Pornhub banned the videos, the subreddit was banned as well.[73]

European

r/European was a far-right white nationalist subreddit focused on news relating to Europe. Founded in 2013 in response to r/europe's ban on hate speech, its users often promoted anti-Semitic, Islamophobic, and racist content, with an informal survey showing that 17% of the userbase openly identified as Nazis.[74][61][75] The sub was set to private by its moderators, which was then quarantined by the sitewide administrative staff, in 2016 in response to a post where a user bragged about assaulting a Muslim refugee. The users subsequently migrated to r/The_Donald, and then to r/Mr_Trump following dispute with the moderators.[75] r/European was banned on March 12, 2018 for violating its content policies.[76]

FatPeopleHate

On June 10, 2015, Reddit banned five subreddits, citing an anti-harassment policy.[77][78] The largest of the banned subreddits, r/FatPeopleHate, had an estimated 151,000 subscribers at the time of its banning.[77] r/FatPeopleHate hosted photos of overweight people for the purpose of mockery.[79] The other four subreddits were r/hamplanethatred, r/neofag, r/transfags, and r/shitniggerssay.[77] A Reddit admin said, "We will ban subreddits that allow their communities to use the subreddit as a platform to harass individuals when moderators don't take action".[77]

Following the ban, Reddit users flooded the site with pictures of overweight people, as well as photos of Reddit's interim CEO Ellen Pao.[80] Due to the decision to ban these subreddits, some users moved to Voat, a social aggregation website similar to Reddit,[81] although other fat-shaming forums continued to exist on Reddit at the time.[82]

FindBostonBombers

Following the 2013 Boston Marathon bombing, members of the subreddit r/FindBostonBombers wrongly identified a number of people as suspects, including a 17-year-old track athlete and a 22-year-old Brown University student missing since March.[83] A body reported to be that of the missing Brown student misidentified as a Boston bomber suspect, who had been missing for a month before-hand, was found in Providence River in Rhode Island on April 25, 2013, as reported by the Rhode Island Health Department.[84][85] The cause of death was found to be suicide.[86] The subreddit was later made private.[87]

Reddit general manager Erik Martin later issued an apology for this behavior, criticizing the "online witch hunts and dangerous speculation" that took place in these investigation-oriented communities.[88] In September 2013, a similar subreddit dedicated to finding the Navy Yard shooter(s) was banned by the Reddit admins.[89] These events were dramatized in TV shows The Newsroom[90][91] and The Good Wife.[92]

frenworld

r/frenworld, whose title is derived from the alt-right meme "Clown World", attracted controversy over its use of Pepe the Frog edits and clown imagery to promote anti-Semitic and racist dog whistles. Examples found by The Times of Israel and The Daily Dot include numerous references to Holocaust denialism, the USS Liberty incident, and alleged racial crime statistics. A major aspect of the sub was the use of slang and childish diction to spread their messages, such as "nose-fren" and "longnose" for Jews, "bop" for committing violence or genocide, and "Honk honk" as a euphemism for "Heil Hitler". It was banned on June 20, 2019, for glorifying violence, after it has accumulated around 60,346 subscribers. r/Honkler, which hosted similar content, was banned on July 2, 2019.[63][93][94]

GasTheKikes

r/GasTheKikes was a subreddit of an antisemitic nature; "kike" being an ethnic slur for Jews. New York magazine described it as among "the worst of the worst" subreddits and a "massive online Jew-hating community".[95] The community was banned from Reddit.[95] After which, a successor subreddit named r/KikeTown took its place.[96] r/KikeTown was first quarantined, and later, it was banned as well.[97][98][99]

GenderCritical

The subreddit r/GenderCritical had 64,400 users, self-described as "reddit's most active feminist community" for "women-centred, radical feminists" to discuss "gender from a gender-critical perspective". Described by Jillian York of the Electronic Frontier Foundation as "a subreddit where transphobic commentary has thrived", the subreddit frequently hosted posts asserting that transgender women are not women. On June 29, 2020, the subreddit was "banned for violating Reddit's rule against promoting hate".[100][101][102][103] After r/GenderCritical was banned, several of its users migrated to Ovarit, a trans-exclusionary radical feminism-centered website similar to Reddit.[21]

GunsForSale

In January 2014, Mother Jones published a story describing the sale of guns on the site. The report suggested that sellers were doing so to exploit a loophole in U.S. federal law.[104] Nearly 100 AR-15s were engraved with the Reddit logo as part of a licensing deal made with the page in 2011.[105] It was banned on March 21, 2018, after Reddit updated its content policies to forbid subreddits facilitating transactions involving certain goods and services.[106]

Incels

See also: Incel

A subreddit founded for "involuntary celibates", r/Incels, was a forum wherein members discussed their lack of romantic success.[107] The definition of an incel on the subreddit was someone who has unintentionally gone at least six months without a romantic partner and is at least 21 years old; self-described incels are largely heterosexual men.[108] Many members adhered to the "black pill" ideology,[109][unreliable source?][110][111] which espoused despondency often coupled with misogynistic views that condoned, downplayed, or advocated rape, while referring to women as "femoids" or "foids", "cunts", "cum dumpsters", and "sluts".[108] Notable black pill posts included "reasons why women are the embodiment of evil" and "proof that girls are nothing but trash that use men".[112][110] Users deemed too female-friendly, or who claimed that women experienced inceldom to the same extent as men, were banned.[110] The subreddit's users intermittently either revered or hated "normies" and "Chads" for their courtship abilities, and some admire murderers such as Elliot Rodger, perpetrator of the 2014 Isla Vista killings, who identified as an "incel".[113][108][114]

In the summer of 2017, a petition on Change.org called for r/Incels to be banned for inciting violence against women.[113] Following the October implementation of a new Reddit policy that prohibited the incitement of violence, the subreddit was banned on November 7, 2017.[115] At the time of its banning, r/incels had around 40,000 subscribers.[112]

r/Braincels subsequently became the most popular subreddit for incels, gaining 16,900 followers by April 2018. The subreddit's leaders disavowed the Toronto van attack and deleted some posts by members who praised Alek Minassian's alleged actions.[116] In September 2018, the subreddit was quarantined, and in October, it was banned.

Jailbait

See also: Jailbait

Reddit's staff was initially opposed to the addition of obscene material to the site, but they eventually became more lenient when prolific moderators, such as a user named u/violentacrez, proved capable of identifying and removing illegal content at a time when they were not sufficiently staffed to take on the task.[3] Communities devoted to explicit material saw rising popularity, and r/Jailbait, which featured provocative shots of underage teenagers, became the chosen "subreddit of the year" in the "Best of reddit" user poll in 2008, and at one point, making "jailbait" the second most common search term for the site.[3] Erik Martin, general manager of Reddit, defended the subreddit by saying that such controversial pages were a consequence of allowing free speech on the site.[117]

r/Jailbait came to wider attention outside Reddit when Anderson Cooper of CNN devoted a segment of his program to condemning the subreddit and criticizing Reddit for hosting it.[118][119] Initially, this caused a spike in Internet traffic to the subreddit, causing the page to peak at 1.73 million views on the day of the report.[120] In the wake of these news reports, a Reddit user posted an image of an underage girl to r/Jailbait, subsequently claiming to have nude images of her as well. Dozens of Reddit users then posted requests for these nude photos to be shared to them via private message.[121] Other Reddit users drew attention to this discussion, and the r/Jailbait forum was subsequently closed by Reddit administrators on October 11, 2011.[121] Critics, such as r/Jailbait's creator, disputed claims that this thread was the basis of the decision, instead claiming it was an excuse to close down a controversial subreddit due to recent negative media coverage.[2] Others claimed that the thread believed to have prompted the closure was created by members of the Something Awful forum in an attempt to get the section shut down, rather than the regulars of the forum.[122]

Following the closure of r/Jailbait, The Daily Dot declared the community's creator, u/violentacrez, "The Most Important Person on Reddit in 2011", calling the r/Jailbait controversy "the first major challenge to the site's voluntary doctrine of absolute free speech".[123]

Jakolandia

In January 2019, a Philippine-based subreddit, r/Jakolandia, was accused of "distributing" posts of photos of women, including celebrities, apparently without their consent, similar to "a number" of secret Facebook groups that had been engaging in illegal activity of sharing "obscene" photos of women and possibly child pornography.[124] r/jakolandia was later banned as a result.[125]

MGTOW

See also: Men Going Their Own Way

r/MGTOW was a subreddit for Men Going Their Own Way, an anti-feminist, misogynistic, mostly online community advocating for men to separate themselves from women and from a society which they believe has been corrupted by feminism.[126][127] In January 2020, a group of researchers published a preprint of an analysis of the manosphere, which listed r/MGTOW among a group of growing online communities which the authors said were involved in "online harassment and real-world violence".[128] Reddit quarantined the subreddit shortly afterward.[129] In August 2021, Reddit banned the subreddit for violating its policies prohibiting content that "incites violence or promotes hate based on identity or vulnerability".[130]

MillionDollarExtreme

r/MillionDollarExtreme was a subreddit dedicated to the comedy group Million Dollar Extreme, who were accused of having connections with the alt-right. Its users heavily promoted racist, homophobic, and transphobic content, and propagated various anti-Semitic conspiracy theories. It was banned on September 10, 2018, for violating Reddit's content policy regarding violent content, when it had around 43,000 subscribers. Million Dollar Extreme's YouTube channel and Instagram account were already terminated earlier in the year.[131] Associated subreddits r/BillionShekelSupreme, r/milliondollarextreme2, r/ChadRight, and several others were subsequently banned.[131][132]

NoNewNormal

r/NoNewNormal was a subreddit that claimed to be critical of the responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, and has propagated various conspiracies about the pandemic, such as lockdown, mask, and vaccine denialism. It was quarantined for misinformation on August 12, 2021, when it had accumulated over 112,000 subscribers. Subreddits r/rejectnewnormal and r/refusenewnormal were subsequently banned for trying to circumvent the quarantine, and r/PandemicHoax and r/truthseekers, which hosted similar content, set themselves to private.[133][134]

A thread posted by a user on r/vaxxhappened, a community against vaccine misinformation, called upon Reddit admins to ban subreddits primarily spreading medical misinformation.[135] Reddit admins responded by saying that Reddit is a platform for free speech and discussion, and would continue to allow subreddits that challenge the consensus views on the pandemic.[136] In response, the moderators of 135 subreddits, such as r/florida, r/futurology, r/pokemongo, r/startrek, r/tifu, and others, made their subreddits private in protest of Reddit's response.[137][138][139][140]

On September 1, 2021, Reddit banned the subreddit for brigading subreddits that criticized it,[141][142] along with quarantining 54 other subreddits associated with COVID-19 denial.[143]

Physical_Removal

r/Physical_Removal was banned on August 15, 2017, for inciting violence. The subreddit's name stems from a quote by right-wing libertarian philosopher Hans-Hermann Hoppe, who wrote: "There can be no tolerance toward democrats and communists in a libertarian social order. They will have to be physically separated and removed from society" (referring to ostracism), and, by extension, their advocacy for forced deportation or physical removal of political leftists from the United States. It was controversial for its promotion of violence against leftists and other groups. For instance, users would make reference to throwing people from helicopters, an execution method used by Augusto Pinochet. Physical_Removal attracted further attention in 2017 after the Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville, Virginia, due to mockery of the death of Heather Heyer, who was struck and killed by a car driven by a far-right terrorist at the rally.[144][145]

Pizzagate

See also: Pizzagate conspiracy theory

"Pizzagate" is a conspiracy theory that emerged from social media and fake news websites in early November 2016, which falsely alleged the existence of a child trafficking ring that involved officials in the Democratic Party and restaurants such as Comet Ping Pong. The r/pizzagate subreddit, which spun off from r/The_Donald, was dedicated to discussing this conspiracy theory, and had over 20,000 subscribers.[146] This subreddit was banned on November 23, 2016, for violating Reddit's policy against doxing, as users would post the personal details of people allegedly connected to this conspiracy.[147]

QAnon-related subs

Main article: QAnon

Reddit attracted attention from mainstream publications in 2018 due to its role in helping spread the QAnon conspiracy theory from 4chan and 8chan to the wider internet, with tens of thousands of users subscribing to various subreddits promoting it at its peak. In response, Reddit began to ban these subreddits for breaking sitewide rules.[148][149][132] In March 2018, the original QAnon sub r/CBTS_stream, standing for "Calm before the storm", was banned for inciting violence and sharing confidential personal information after accumulating over 20,000 subscribers. r/GreatAwakening, which had a more active userbase with over 71,000 subscribers and an average of 10,000 comments per day, was banned in September that year for repeated content violations, such as harassing a user they misidentified as the suspect of the Jacksonville Landing shooting. Around 17 other subreddits, such as r/BiblicalQ, r/Quincels, and backup sub r/The_GreatAwakening, were also banned.[150][132][151] These bans resulted in a significant decrease in QAnon-related discussions on Reddit by 2020, with the remaining ones being criticisms against the conspiracy theory.[149]

SanctionedSuicide

Further information: Sanctioned Suicide

r/SanctionedSuicide was a subreddit that approached the topic of suicide from a pro-choice perspective. It included both discussions surrounding the ethics of suicide, and posts containing rants from Reddit users.[152] The subreddit was banned on March 14, 2018,[153] for violating its guidelines, prompting the creation of the web forum Sanctioned Suicide.[154]

SonyGOP

Main article: Sony Pictures hack

On December 15, 2014, Reddit took the unusual step of banning a subreddit, r/SonyGOP, which was being used to distribute hacked Sony files.[155]

Shoplifting

The subreddit r/Shoplifting was devoted to stories, tips, and questions for the purpose of shoplifting at large commercial retail chains. It dissuaded people from shoplifting from smaller stores which were presumed to suffer greater losses from theft. It also heavily featured pictures displaying items that its users had supposedly "lifted".[156] Near the end of its existence, over 77,000 people were subscribed to the subreddit.[157] It was banned on March 21, 2018, due to violating an amendment to the Reddit User Agreement added that same day which states: "Users may not use Reddit to solicit or facilitate any transaction or gift involving certain goods and services, including: ... Stolen goods".[158][159]

The_Donald

Main article: r/The_Donald

The subreddit r/The_Donald, which was intended for supporters of US president Donald Trump, was originally created for his 2016 presidential campaign. Due to harassment of Reddit administrators and manipulation of the site's algorithms to push content to Reddit's front page using the "sticky" feature of subreddits, Reddit banned many of the sub's users who were described as "toxic".[160] This occurred after Reddit's CEO Steve Huffman (known as u/spez on Reddit) admitted to silently editing comments attacking him made by the community's users. This caused the term "spez" to be used instead of "edit" in The_Donald's terminology.[161] Reddit modified the site's algorithms to specifically prevent the sub's moderators from gaming the algorithms to artificially push the sub's content to Reddit's front page.[162] Additionally, Reddit introduced a filtering feature which allowed individual users to block content from any sub. While this feature was being worked on prior to the problems r/The_Donald were causing, it was suggested that it was introduced specifically to allow users to block them.[162] Huffman referred to r/The_Donald's users' complaints of harassment "hypocritical", due to their harassment of others.[163]

After the Christchurch mosque shootings in 2019, many posts appeared in the subreddit arguing that the shootings were justified, filled with anti-Muslim hate.[164]

The subreddit was quarantined by Reddit admins in June 2019 for "threats of violence against police and public officials".[165][166]

On June 29, 2020, Reddit banned the subreddit for frequent rule-breaking, for antagonizing the company and other communities and for failing to "meet our most basic expectations".[167]

TheFappening

Further information: 2014 celebrity nude photo leak

In August 2014, Reddit users began sharing a large number of naked pictures of celebrities stolen, using phishing, from their private Apple iCloud accounts.[168][169] A subreddit, r/TheFappening, was created as a hub to share and discuss these stolen photos; the situation was called "CelebGate" by the media.[170] The subreddit contained most of the images.[171][172] Victims of "The Fappening" included high-profile names such as Jennifer Lawrence, Kate Upton and Mary Elizabeth Winstead.[173][174] Some of the images may have constituted child pornography, as the photos of Liz Lee and McKayla Maroney from the leak were claimed to have been taken when the women were underage, though this remains controversial.[175] The subreddit was closed by Reddit administrators in September 2014. The scandal led to wider criticisms concerning the website's moderation from The Verge and The Daily Dot.[176][177]

TruFemcels

In January 2021, Reddit banned r/TruFemcels, a subreddit for female incels ("femcels") for promoting hate.[178] It was previously accused of lookism, racism, transphobia, and spreading alt-right conspiracy theories, and for using the same terminology of incels. After the ban, the community migrated to a dedicated website, ThePinkPill.co.[179]

TumblrInAction

In June 2022, Reddit banned r/TumblrInAction (TiA), an anti-gender movement subreddit for making fun of Tumblr "gender ideology" and "social justice warriors (SJWs)", for promoting hate. At the time, r/TumblrInAction had over 470,000 members, including those who had joined the subreddit after r/GenderCritical was banned. r/SocialJusticeInAction, a sister subreddit to TumblrInAction, was also banned. Reddit user Hatman, a former moderator of both communities, stated that the reason that Reddit banned both subreddits was the discussion of transgender politics in these communities.[180] Months prior, in December 2021, Slate referred to TumblrInAction as "a breeding ground for online hate...[linked] to Gamergate and all sorts of online harassment tactics".[181]

UncensoredNews

r/UncensoredNews was a far-right subreddit that claimed to be the "free speech" alternative to the more popular news-related subs. Founded by users who moderated several white nationalist subreddits before June 2016, it saw a massive increase in subscribers following the Orlando nightclub shooting, as the moderators of r/news were accused of censoring the name, religion, and motive of perpetrator Omar Mateen.[74][182] r/UncensoredNews primarily promoted stories about crimes committed by minorities or left-wing people, such as attacks on white farmers in South Africa, with a xenophobic, Islamophobic, and racist bent. For example, a post stickied by one of the sub's moderators was titled "Here at uncensored news we love racism, bigotry, misogyny, hatred, xenophobia, transphobia, homo phobia [sic] etc." while another user compared miscegenation to bestiality.[61][183][76] r/UncensoredNews and its moderators were banned on March 12, 2018 for inciting violence, possibly in response to a thread on whether Jews or Muslims were considered more dangerous.[76]

WatchPeopleDie and Gore

After the 2019 Christchurch mosque shootings, Reddit banned the subreddit r/WatchPeopleDie, which was dedicated to uploading media depicting real-life deaths of people, such as workplace accidents, vehicular manslaughter, gun violence, suicides, and various forms of homicide, after it disseminated links to video of the shooting.[184][185][186] The similar subreddit r/Gore was banned at the same time, as was r/WPDTalk, a subreddit for discussion on what went on in r/WatchPeopleDie.[187] Although previously quarantined for over half a year, the subreddit was completely banned at approximately 17:09 UTC on March 15, 2019, less than a day after the events for violating Reddit's content policy, specifically the policy against "glorifying or encouraging violence." Moderators of the subreddit had initially allowed the video to be shared.[188]

Active subreddits

Antiwork

Main article: r/antiwork

The subreddit r/antiwork was established in 2013.[189] A longtime moderator stated that the subreddit was intended to be for people advocating for a society in which people did not have to work at all, or at least had a much smaller obligation to work. During the COVID-19 pandemic, new posters who were unhappy with working conditions joined.[190]

In 2019, the number of subscribers was 13,000,[189] which increased to 100,000 in early 2020.[190] The subreddit's popularity increased after people began posting text messages of employees giving notice to their employers that they no longer wanted their jobs.[189] In November 2021, the subscriber number exceeded one million.[190] By December 2021, that number had grown to 1.4 million,[189] and in January 2022, it had reached over 1.7 million. On 26 January, r/antiwork was the subreddit with the highest increase of traffic that was not one of Reddit's "default" front page subreddits.[191]

In January 2022, a longtime moderator agreed to be interviewed by Fox News host Jesse Watters. The Independent stated that Watters "was openly contemptuous about the movement".[191] In response, members of the subreddit criticized the moderator, and the other moderators in turn temporarily made the subreddit private.[192] Ultimately, the interviewee was asked to give up her moderation duties. Noah Berlatsky, writing for The Independent, stated that the Fox News segment became "a publicity disaster for r/antiwork", and that r/antiwork became "widely ridiculed".[193]

Following this "publicity disaster" a similar subreddit, r/workreform, was formed around similar ideas/content as r/antiwork.

aznidentity and AsianMasculinity

r/aznidentity and r/AsianMasculinity, are communities operated by and for Asian-American men, and discuss various topics related to lifestyle, dating, fitness, and world events from the perspective of the male Asian diaspora. Users often focus on the emasculation of Asian men sexually in American culture, and claim that Asian-American women in interracial relationships often play a role in actively perpetuating this.[citation needed] In certain areas, users of r/aznidentity are sometimes referred to as "Men's Rights Asians" or "MRAsians", a pun on "men's rights activists".[194] Additionally, r/aznidentity users also claim that mainstream and social media coverage of racism against black communities, particularly when done by Asian-Americans, are done at the detriment of Asian causes, and claim that Black people are over-represented in hate crimes against Asians.[194] Certain Asian-American women on social media have accused users of harassment, with author Celeste Ng having written an article about her experience and the experiences of other Asian-American women in The Cut.[195][196]

BlackPeopleTwitter

On April 1, 2019, r/BlackPeopleTwitter began requiring users to prove they were Black—by sending a photo with their forearm and their Reddit username—before allowing them to post comments. The moderators described this action as an April Fools' Day prank, albeit one with a "very real reason."[197] The April Fools' prank lasted only a few days, but the moderators now limit some contentious threads to a "country club" consisting of verified people of color and white people who complete an application process including writing "about what white privilege means to them." Additionally, verified Black commenters (but not other people of color) receive a check mark next to their username.[198][199]

FemaleDatingStrategy

r/FemaleDatingStrategy (FDS) was created in 2019.[200] It has been accused by r/AgainstHateSubreddits of promoting homophobia, transphobia, misandry, and discrimination against sex workers. The Verge described the advice given to women as socially and sexually conservative and oppressive to women. FDS posters must follow strict rules to avoid being banned, with support for consensual BDSM, pornography consumption, or casual sex being bannable offenses.[201] As of August 2021, it had about 179,000 members who were described as mostly heterosexual women.[200]

The group has a strict hierarchy, with moderators called "Ruthless Strategists" on top. Community is prioritized over the individual, and members are advised against speaking with journalists, practices which have been described as cult-like.[202] The subreddit advises against dating men with mental illnesses, and has banned members for believing men can be victims of sexual assault. The members oppose liberal feminism, or "libfems",[202][200] and endorse TERF-like views, with transgender women being entirely banned from posting. It has also been criticized for contradictory advice, such as encouraging independence from men, while expecting men to pay for dates, and be the primary breadwinner of the household.[203]

Though it was founded in opposition to manosphere subreddits, FDS critics have compared it to them.[203] A co-host for the subreddit's podcast was quoted by The Guardian responding to this comparison by stating that, "[FDS] isn't about trying to manipulate men into trying to behave a certain way ... it's more about finding a man who is comfortable with you having boundaries and standards, and who understands how to treat a woman."[200]

The subreddit has made extensive use of female-incel (aka femcel) language, but this was phased out in favor of new terminology, as the femcel jargon interfered with the recruitment of new members. The new terminology includes terms like "scrotes" for men, and "pickmeisha" for women who FDS claims degrade themselves for men. "Pickmeisha" has been used to label members that criticize the moderators or claim to enjoy banned behavior such as casual sex,[202] and it has been targeted at women in other subreddits for issues such as seeking advice on their partner's erectile dysfunction.[201]

GenZedong

Time identified r/GenZedong, a self-described "Dengist" subreddit focused on China, as a haven for anti-Uyghur racism and denial of oppression against Uyghurs.[29][32] The subreddit was quarantined on 23 March 2022 for spreading disinformation about the Russian invasion of Ukraine. At the time of its quarantine, the subreddit had over 57,000 subscribers.[32] It previously received attention when the hacker group Anonymous uploaded a meme mocking the sub to the server hosting Chinese government websites, following their hack of a government site promoting tourism in China.[204]

HermanCainAward

Main article: Herman Cain Award

r/HermanCainAward is a subreddit that awards people who have "made public declaration of their anti-mask, anti-vax, or COVID-hoax views" who later die from COVID-19 or COVID-19 complications with the "Herman Cain Freedom Award".[205][206][207][208] People who have "made public declaration of their anti-mask, anti-vax, or Covid-hoax views" who are later hospitalized with COVID-19 are nominated for the award.[208]

According to Le Monde, "In its early days, HCA was primarily fueled by articles found in the press", but that, "in recent months, the examples have been drawn directly from a Facebook page of COVID-19 victims. Publication after publication, the pattern invariably repeats itself: one person (anonymized to respect Reddit rules) says all the bad things they think about vaccines, masks, or sometimes even doubts the existence of the pandemic. Often the memes (humorous diversions) used to illustrate mistrust of the vaccine are the same. The following screenshot tells us that the person has just fallen ill, and sometimes that the illness does not really give them a break. Calls to pray for help may follow, before a loved one finally announces the death."[209]

F. Diane Bart, a psychotherapist writing for NBC News, described the subreddit as "a dark and sardonic corner of the internet" that "captures the rage and outrage of presumably vaccinated, mask-wearing individuals, many of whom have either been infected with COVID-19 in the past or have watched friends and family become ill—and even die."[207]

KotakuInAction

r/KotakuInAction was one of the main online hubs for participants of the misogynistic harassment campaign known as Gamergate.[210][211][212] Users are warned that by joining KotakuInAction, they will be banned from other subreddits such as r/OffMyChest (a subreddit based around expressing opinions, as well as confessing personal thoughts), r/NaturalHair, and r/Rape, the latter of the three being a support forum for survivors of rape that had been targeted for brigading by r/KotakuInAction users.[213]

BuzzFeed's Joseph Bernstein reported that many of KotakuInAction's moderators also moderate other subreddits "devoted to either the physical and emotional degradation and humiliation of women, or in subreddits devoted to mocking and delegitimizing the arguments and appearances of feminists and 'social justice warriors'."[214]

In 2016, KotakuInAction became the subject of an academic study done by three members of the Georgia Institute of Technology.[215]

On July 12, 2018, the creator and head moderator of KotakuInAction removed all of the moderators and set the forum to private, alleging that it had become "infested with racism and sexism". A Reddit employee restored the forum and its moderators an hour later.[216][217]

A 2020 review analyzing ten discussion boards on KotakuInAction suggested a connection between Gamergate and right-wing extremism (RWE), finding that the three main themes in these discussion boards were "RWE bigotry", "always anti-left" and "hate speech is free speech".[218]

MensRights

See also: Men's rights movement

The antifeminist[219][220]: 323  subreddit r/MensRights was created in 2008. It has over 300,000 members as of April 2021.[219] Media studies researcher Debbie Ging cites the "extreme misogyny and proclivity for personal attacks" of several men's rights subreddits, including r/MensRights, as "the most striking features of the new antifeminist politics".[221]: 645–6 

SPLC listing

r/MensRights was included in a list of 12 websites in the spring 2012 issue ("The Year in Hate and Extremism") of the Southern Poverty Law Center's (SPLC) Intelligence Report in a section called "Misogyny: The Sites". The SPLC reported that, "although some of the sites make an attempt at civility and try to back their arguments with facts, they are almost all thick with misogynistic attacks that can be astounding for the guttural hatred they express".[222]

More specific claims were made about r/MensRights in particular, saying that it showed anger "toward any program designed to help women", and that the subreddit "trafficks in various conspiracy theories", using a moderator's statements as an example of this behavior.[223]

In late March 2012, Mark Potok (the Intelligence Report's editor) was asked in an interview if the SPLC had formally classified r/MensRights as a hate group. His response was that, "we wrote about the subreddit Mens Rights, but we did not list it as a hate group", and expressed doubt that the SPLC would ever designate the community as a hate group, noting that, "it's a diverse group, which certainly does include some misogynists—but I don't think that's [its basic] purpose".[224]

Later that year, the SPLC published a statement about the reactions to their report, saying it, "provoked a tremendous response among men's rights activists (MRAs) and their sympathizers", and, "it should be mentioned that the SPLC did not label MRAs as members of a hate movement; nor did our article claim that the grievances they air on their websites – false rape accusations, ruinous divorce settlements and the like – are all without merit. But we did call out specific examples of misogyny and the threat, overt or implicit, of violence."[225]

Doxing incident

In April 2013, the subreddit was threatened with a shutdown by Reddit admins after r/MensRights subscribers gathered personal information on a supposed blogger of feminist issues, and the subreddit's moderators advised members of the subreddit on how to proceed with this 'doxing' without running afoul of site rules.[226] Later on, it was discovered that they had identified the wrong woman, and it has been reported that many death threats had been sent to her school and employment. Georgetown University confirmed that she was not the same person as the blog's author after receiving threatening messages.[226]

Rape report spam

In mid-December 2013, users from r/MensRights, as well as 4chan, spammed the Occidental College Online Rape Report Form with hundreds of false rape reports, following a user's complaint that the form was vulnerable to abuse as a result of the submitter's ability to remain anonymous.[227][228] Around 400 false rape accusations were made by men's rights activists against members of the college, feminists, and fictional people.[227]

NoFap

Main article: NoFap

r/NoFap is a subreddit dedicated to supporting those who wish to give up pornography or masturbation.

Some journalists have claimed that NoFap's forums were filled with misogyny, stating that "there is a darker side to NoFap. Among the reams of Reddit discussions and YouTube videos, a 'fundamentally misogynistic rhetoric' regularly emerges",[229] that the subreddit idolizes testosterone and inherently masculine qualities, and that "the NoFap community has become linked to wider sexism and misogyny, reducing women to sexual objects to be attained or abstained from, and shaming sexually active women."[230]

Piracy and PiratedGames

In 2019, r/piracy was threatened with a ban after receiving dozens of DMCA takedown notices. The moderators said that Reddit did not investigate the infringement claims to find if they actually infringed copyright law; often they related to content like sharing the URL to a streaming site, asking if such sites were working, and posting guides to install programs. Users of the subreddit voted to delete all content older than six months, as it was not feasible to investigate all past content.[231][232]

r/PiratedGames, whose discussions focused specifically on pirated video games, was banned on 17 August 2022 for excessive DMCA claims, even though the subreddit explicitly banned sharing pirated content. With over 300,000 subscribers, it was among the largest piracy-related subreddits. It was restored the next day following an appeal from the moderators.[233] TorrentFreak in separate articles said the ban was part of Reddit's increasing crackdown on copyright infringement, noting that the year prior around 2,625 subreddits had been banned for similar reasons, and that DMCA takedowns on Reddit had increased by over 15,000% in the past five years.[233][234][235]

Portugueses

The subreddit r/Portugueses is often home to Portuguese nationalist and nativist rhetoric. It also contains racism, homophobia, sexism, and other Reddit-policy violations. Moderators and volunteer moderators of other subreddits who remove or report hate speech and other policy violations coming from r/Portugueses are often threatened for doing so.[29]

Russia

r/Russia, the national subreddit for Russia, was quarantined on 1 March 2022, and the site's administrators removed one of the moderators, for spreading disinformation about the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Among the disinformation promoted by the sub's moderators were claims that the Ukrainian military was controlled by Nazis, that Ukraine was using human shields to raise the conflict's death toll, and that the Ukrainian leadership was refusing calls for peace negotiations. The sub had over 265,000 subscribers prior to the quarantine. The sister sub, r/RussiaPolitics, was also quarantined for similar reasons.[236][237][238]

Technology

In April 2014, it was made apparent that moderators of r/Technology, a subreddit with 5 million subscribers, were using automatic filters to remove submissions that contained certain keywords, such as "Aaron Swartz", "Tesla",[239] "Comcast", "NSA", and "Snowden".[240] This ultimately led to community protests, claims of censorship from users, and r/technology losing its default subreddit status.[241][242]

TheRedPill

See also: Manosphere

Alluding to the symbol of the "red pill" from the film The Matrix,[243][244] r/TheRedPill is devoted to discussions of male sexual strategy in which participants are ranked as "alpha" or "beta" males.[245] The subreddit promotes antifeminism,[245][221] rape culture,[221] hegemonic masculinity, and traditional gender roles.[243] Users discuss diet and physical fitness alongside "pick-up" techniques for seducing women, while also displaying different levels of misogyny ranging from virulent hatred of women to simple frustration with contemporary male experience.[244] The Southern Poverty Law Center describes it as one of several male supremacist subreddits featuring xenophobic discourse.[246] It has been associated with several right-wing movements and the alt-right because of its attacks on feminism and mockery of rape.[247]

In 2017, it was revealed that New Hampshire legislator Robert Fisher created the subreddit and posted demeaning comments about women. After this discovery, he resigned from office.[248] The New Statesman has described this subreddit as one of the most misogynistic subreddits on Reddit, which aims to radicalize men.[114] As of 2018, the subreddit is quarantined.[249]

WhitePeopleTwitter

r/WhitePeopleTwitter is a popular Reddit community that has become controversial due to several incidents of users posting satire or hoax tweets as legitimate, which proceeded to go viral on social media. Notable instances included a satirical Tweet claiming that Musk was introducing a "special verification for users of the Jewish faith",[250] a fake Tweet from conservative commentator Matt Walsh claiming he engaged in sexual assault multiple times,[251] a satirical Tweet feigning support for then-recently arrested social media personality Andrew Tate,[252] and a fake Tweet by the National Rifle Association claiming to support Pride Month.[253]

Free speech rationale

In accordance with its policies at the time on free speech, Reddit's admins stated in 2013 that they did not ban communities solely for featuring controversial content. Reddit's general manager Erik Martin noted that "having to stomach occasional troll [sub]reddits like r/picsofdeadkids or morally questionable [sub]reddits like r/jailbait are part of the price of free speech on a site like this," and that it is not Reddit's place to censor its users.[254]

The site's former CEO, Yishan Wong, stated that distasteful subreddits would not be banned because Reddit as a platform should serve the ideals of free speech.[255][256] Critics of Reddit's position argued at the time that it had not been consistent in following its free speech philosophy.[257][258] In a 2015 discussion on the site's content policy, founder Steve Huffman stated that "neither Alexis [Ohanian] nor I created Reddit to be a bastion of free speech".[259]

With the banning of r/The Donald, Reddit expanded the kinds of content that was banned on the site, implementing new rules that directly prohibit hate speech.[260] In 2021, Reddit stated that they allowed conversations that "question or disagree with popular consensus" regarding the COVID-19 pandemic, stating that "dissent is a part of Reddit and the foundation of democracy" despite criticism by site moderators. Although it banned r/NoNewNormal after moderator protests, this was for unduly influencing other communities, not the subreddit's content.[142]

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Works cited

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September 02, 2023
controversial, reddit, communities, some, communities, social, news, site, reddit, known, subreddits, devoted, explicit, violent, hateful, material, have, been, topic, controversy, sometimes, receive, significant, media, coverage, contents, history, quarantini. Some communities on the social news site Reddit known as subreddits are devoted to explicit violent or hateful material and have been the topic of controversy Controversial Reddit communities sometimes receive significant media coverage Contents 1 History 2 Quarantining 3 Misinformation 4 Banned subreddits 4 1 Beatingwomen 4 2 Braincels 4 3 ChapoTrapHouse 4 4 The Chimpire 4 5 Chodi 4 6 ChongLangTV 4 7 CreepShots 4 7 1 Gawker expose 4 7 2 Ethics of outing 4 8 CringeAnarchy 4 9 DarkNetMarkets 4 10 Deepfakes 4 11 European 4 12 FatPeopleHate 4 13 FindBostonBombers 4 14 frenworld 4 15 GasTheKikes 4 16 GenderCritical 4 17 GunsForSale 4 18 Incels 4 19 Jailbait 4 20 Jakolandia 4 21 MGTOW 4 22 MillionDollarExtreme 4 23 NoNewNormal 4 24 Physical Removal 4 25 Pizzagate 4 26 QAnon related subs 4 27 SanctionedSuicide 4 28 SonyGOP 4 29 Shoplifting 4 30 The Donald 4 31 TheFappening 4 32 TruFemcels 4 33 TumblrInAction 4 34 UncensoredNews 4 35 WatchPeopleDie and Gore 5 Active subreddits 5 1 Antiwork 5 2 aznidentity and AsianMasculinity 5 3 BlackPeopleTwitter 5 4 FemaleDatingStrategy 5 5 GenZedong 5 6 HermanCainAward 5 7 KotakuInAction 5 8 MensRights 5 8 1 SPLC listing 5 8 2 Doxing incident 5 8 3 Rape report spam 5 9 NoFap 5 10 Piracy and PiratedGames 5 11 Portugueses 5 12 Russia 5 13 Technology 5 14 TheRedPill 5 15 WhitePeopleTwitter 6 Free speech rationale 7 References 8 Works citedHistoryWhen Reddit was founded in 2005 there was only one shared space for all links and subreddits did not exist Subreddits were created later but could only initially be created by Reddit administrators In 2008 subreddit creation was opened to all users 1 Reddit rose to infamy in October 2011 when a report by CNN showed that Reddit was harboring the r Jailbait community which was devoted to sharing suggestive or revealing photos of underage girls After commenters were seen asking for nude photos of underage girls and under significant external scrutiny Reddit shut down r Jailbait 2 In 2012 the subreddit r Creepshots received major backlash due to being a subreddit for sharing suggestive or revealing photos of women taken without their awareness or consent Adrian Chen wrote a Gawker expose of one of the subreddit s moderators and identified the person behind the account starting discussion in the media about the ethics of anonymity and outing on the Internet 3 QuarantiningIn 2015 Reddit introduced a quarantine policy to make visiting certain subreddits more difficult Visiting or joining a quarantined subreddit requires bypassing a warning prompt 4 In addition quarantined subreddits do not appear in non subscription based aggregate feeds such as r all in order to prevent accidental viewing 5 do not generate revenue and their user count is not visible Since 2018 subreddits are allowed to appeal their quarantine 6 MisinformationDue to Reddit s decentralized moderation user anonymity and lack of fact checking systems the platform is highly prone to spreading misinformation and disinformation 7 It has been suggested that those who use Reddit should exercise caution in taking user created unsourced content as fact 8 Reddit communities exhibit the echo chamber effect in which repeated unsourced statements come to be accepted among the community as fact leading to distorted worldviews among users 9 Much attention has been focused to the issue of potentially harmful medical misinformation A 2021 letter from the United States Senate to Reddit CEO Steve Huffman expressed concern about the spread of COVID 19 misinformation on the platform 10 Another example is a 2022 study revealing an abundance of unsourced and potentially harmful medical advice for urinary tract infections such as suggesting fasting as a UTI cure 11 Banned subredditsBanned subreddits refer to subreddits that Reddit has shut down indefinitely Beatingwomen On June 9 2014 a subreddit called r beatingwomen was closed by Reddit The community which featured graphic depictions of violence against women was banned after its moderators were found to be sharing users personal information online and collaborating to protect one another from sitewide bans Following the ban the community s founder rebooted the subreddit under the name r beatingwomen2 in an attempt to circumvent the ban but was banned afterwards 12 13 Braincels r Braincels was the most popular subreddit for incels or involuntary celibates after r Incels see below was banned gaining 16 900 followers by April 2018 The subreddit promoted rape and suicide 14 The subreddit was banned in 2019 after violating Reddit s content policy with respect to bullying and harassment 15 16 17 ChapoTrapHouse r ChapoTrapHouse was a subreddit dedicated to the leftist podcast Chapo Trap House which is associated with the term dirtbag left 18 19 The community had 160 000 regulars before being banned on June 29 2020 because they consistently host rule breaking content and their mods have demonstrated no intention of reining in their community 20 Previously the community had been quarantined for content that promotes violence 19 The community of the subreddit later migrated to an instance of Lemmy a Reddit alternative 21 The Chimpire The term Chimpire refers to a collection of subreddits and affiliated websites that promoted anti black racism including frequent use of racial slurs In June 2013 the subreddit r niggers was banned from Reddit for engaging in vote manipulation incitements of violence and using racist content to disrupt other communities Reddit general manager Erik Martin noted that the subforum was given multiple chances to comply with site rules noting that users can tell from the amount of warnings we extended to a subreddit as clearly awful as r niggers that we go into the decision to ban subreddits with a lot of scrutiny 22 Following the ban of r niggers the subreddit r Coontown grew to become the most popular Chimpire site with over 15 000 members at its peak 23 Many of the posters on these subreddits were formerly involved with r niggers 24 25 26 One of these subreddits r shitniggerssay was banned in June 2015 at the same time as r fatpeoplehate 27 In the midst of changes to Reddit s content policy r Coontown was banned in August 2015 28 Chodi r Chodi whose name is derived from a crude Hindi sexual slang term was a right wing Indian subreddit that claimed to be a free speech sub for memes jokes satire sarcasm and fun The sub which had over 90 000 subscribers as of January 2022 frequently propagated Islamophobic anti Christian homophobic and misogynistic content with open calls for genocide against Muslims Time reports that users used intentional misspellings and slang to circumvent Reddit s anti hate speech software 29 30 The Quint cited the subreddit s popularity as an example of how Reddit is used as a haven for hate speech in India 31 It was banned on March 23 2022 for promoting hate causing its users to move to Telegram 32 ChongLangTV Further information Great Translation Movement r ChongLangTV whose name is derived from the Great Wave off Kanagawa was a Chinese language subreddit that espoused extreme anti Chinese sentiment The sub which had over 53 000 subscribers as of March 2022 was banned on March 2 2022 for exposing privacy of others A participant of the subreddit told Radio Free Asia that the Reddit ban was due to Chinese long arm internet censorship 33 Following the ban the community s founder rebooted the subreddit under the name r CLTV in an attempt to circumvent the ban but was banned afterwards CreepShots A year after the closure of r jailbait another subreddit called r CreepShots drew controversy in the press for hosting sexualized images of women without their knowledge 34 In the wake of this media attention u violentacrez was added to r CreepShots as a moderator 35 reports emerged that Gawker reporter Adrian Chen was planning an expose that would reveal the real life identity of this user who moderated dozens of controversial subreddits as well as a few hundred general interest communities Several major subreddits banned links to Gawker in response to the impending expose and the account u violentacrez was deleted 36 37 38 Moderators defended their decisions to block the site from these sections of Reddit on the basis that the impending report was doxing a term for exposing the identity of a pseudonymous person and that such exposure threatened the site s structural integrity 38 When Chen informed u violentacrez about the impending expose the user pleaded with Chen not to publish it as he was concerned about the potential impact on his employment and finances noting that his wife was disabled and he had a mortgage to pay He also expressed concern that he would be falsely labeled a child pornographer or antisemite due to some of the subreddits he had created Despite u violentacrez s offer to delete his postings and leave Reddit Chen insisted he would still publish the piece 3 39 Gawker expose Chen published the piece on October 12 2012 revealing that the person operating the u violentacrez account was a middle aged programmer from Arlington Texas named Michael Brutsch 3 40 Within a day of the article being published Brutsch was fired by his employer and the link to the expose was briefly banned from Reddit 41 42 He stated on Reddit after the article was published that he had received numerous death threats 43 Reddit CEO Yishan Wong defended the content Brutsch contributed to the site as free speech and criticized efforts to ban the Gawker link on the same basis 44 Wong stated that the staff had considered a site wide ban on the link but rejected this idea for fear it would create a negative impression of the site without getting results 45 Brutsch later briefly returned to Reddit on a different account and criticized what he stated were numerous factual inaccuracies in the Gawker expose 46 A week after the expose Brutsch held an interview with CNN that aired on Anderson Cooper 360 In the interview with journalist Drew Griffin Brutsch was apologetic about his activity on Reddit He explained that he was most fond of the appreciation he got from other redditors and that Reddit helped him relieve stress Brutsch also described the support he had from administrators stating that he had received an award for his contributions Reddit noted that the award was for winning a community vote for Worst Subreddit and stated that they regretted sending it as well as claiming the u violentacrez account had been banned on several occasions 47 48 Brutsch subsequently noted on Reddit that he regretted doing the interview and criticized the accuracy of the statement Reddit gave to CNN 49 Chris Slowe a lead programmer of Reddit until 2010 said of the relationship between Brutsch and the Reddit staff We just stayed out of there and let him do his thing and we knew at least he was getting rid of a lot of stuff that wasn t particularly legal 3 Ethics of outing Further information Doxing and Internet privacy Gawker s outing of Brutsch as u violentacrez led to contentious discussion about privacy and anonymity on the Internet 50 Such discussions included claims that outing or doxing was necessary to draw attention to objectionable content so it could be removed while others claimed that it impeded the ability for people to exercise their right to legal free speech online due to fear of public retribution 51 52 Jude Doyle at the time known as Sady Doyle while writing for The Guardian compared it to the outing of the alleged blackmailer of Amanda Todd and suggested that such outings may be justified He also stated that they may also unduly focus attention on individuals without confronting the underlying problems by engaging in sensationalism at the expense of cultural reform 53 In PC Magazine Damon Poeter stated that while he has defended protecting anonymity on the Internet he still supported Brutsch being outed as he felt that the various subreddits he contributed to as u violentacrez were serious invasions of privacy regardless of legality and that it was therefore justifiable to reveal his personal details 52 The public outpouring of hostility towards Brutsch following the expose prompted commentators such as Danah Boyd of Wired and Michelle Star of CNET to question the morality of outing as a way to enforce societal standards online 54 55 Several commentators have expressed concern that the public shaming of Brutsch to serve as an example to others is legitimizing Internet vigilantism and exposing individuals such as Brutsch to mass retribution 54 55 56 57 CringeAnarchy r CringeAnarchy was a subreddit themed around cringe and edgy politically incorrect content Originally an uncensored hence anarchy spinoff of r cringe 58 its content later shifted to the far right with anti transgender and anti SJW content taking over 59 60 61 The subreddit was quarantined in September 2018 at which point it had over 400 000 subscribers 62 63 64 Following the 2019 Christchurch mosque shootings more anti Muslim posts were made on the subreddit 65 The subreddit was banned on April 25 2019 for violating Reddit s content policy regarding violent content 66 DarkNetMarkets The subreddit r DarkNetMarkets a darknet market discussion forum featured participation from their owners causing US authorities to request personal information behind several accounts 67 68 This subreddit was banned on March 21 2018 69 70 Deepfakes See also Deepfake Deepfakes was a controversial subreddit that superimposed famous female actresses onto pornographic videos made using FakeApp without the consent of the actresses 71 Such actresses included Emma Watson and Daisy Ridley 71 72 After the subreddit was given notoriety from the press videos from the subreddit were banned from Gfycat and Discord On February 7 2018 the day after Pornhub banned the videos the subreddit was banned as well 73 European r European was a far right white nationalist subreddit focused on news relating to Europe Founded in 2013 in response to r europe s ban on hate speech its users often promoted anti Semitic Islamophobic and racist content with an informal survey showing that 17 of the userbase openly identified as Nazis 74 61 75 The sub was set to private by its moderators which was then quarantined by the sitewide administrative staff in 2016 in response to a post where a user bragged about assaulting a Muslim refugee The users subsequently migrated to r The Donald and then to r Mr Trump following dispute with the moderators 75 r European was banned on March 12 2018 for violating its content policies 76 FatPeopleHate On June 10 2015 Reddit banned five subreddits citing an anti harassment policy 77 78 The largest of the banned subreddits r FatPeopleHate had an estimated 151 000 subscribers at the time of its banning 77 r FatPeopleHate hosted photos of overweight people for the purpose of mockery 79 The other four subreddits were r hamplanethatred r neofag r transfags and r shitniggerssay 77 A Reddit admin said We will ban subreddits that allow their communities to use the subreddit as a platform to harass individuals when moderators don t take action 77 Following the ban Reddit users flooded the site with pictures of overweight people as well as photos of Reddit s interim CEO Ellen Pao 80 Due to the decision to ban these subreddits some users moved to Voat a social aggregation website similar to Reddit 81 although other fat shaming forums continued to exist on Reddit at the time 82 FindBostonBombers Following the 2013 Boston Marathon bombing members of the subreddit r FindBostonBombers wrongly identified a number of people as suspects including a 17 year old track athlete and a 22 year old Brown University student missing since March 83 A body reported to be that of the missing Brown student misidentified as a Boston bomber suspect who had been missing for a month before hand was found in Providence River in Rhode Island on April 25 2013 as reported by the Rhode Island Health Department 84 85 The cause of death was found to be suicide 86 The subreddit was later made private 87 Reddit general manager Erik Martin later issued an apology for this behavior criticizing the online witch hunts and dangerous speculation that took place in these investigation oriented communities 88 In September 2013 a similar subreddit dedicated to finding the Navy Yard shooter s was banned by the Reddit admins 89 These events were dramatized in TV shows The Newsroom 90 91 and The Good Wife 92 frenworld r frenworld whose title is derived from the alt right meme Clown World attracted controversy over its use of Pepe the Frog edits and clown imagery to promote anti Semitic and racist dog whistles Examples found by The Times of Israel and The Daily Dot include numerous references to Holocaust denialism the USS Liberty incident and alleged racial crime statistics A major aspect of the sub was the use of slang and childish diction to spread their messages such as nose fren and longnose for Jews bop for committing violence or genocide and Honk honk as a euphemism for Heil Hitler It was banned on June 20 2019 for glorifying violence after it has accumulated around 60 346 subscribers r Honkler which hosted similar content was banned on July 2 2019 63 93 94 GasTheKikes r GasTheKikes was a subreddit of an antisemitic nature kike being an ethnic slur for Jews New York magazine described it as among the worst of the worst subreddits and a massive online Jew hating community 95 The community was banned from Reddit 95 After which a successor subreddit named r KikeTown took its place 96 r KikeTown was first quarantined and later it was banned as well 97 98 99 GenderCritical The subreddit r GenderCritical had 64 400 users self described as reddit s most active feminist community for women centred radical feminists to discuss gender from a gender critical perspective Described by Jillian York of the Electronic Frontier Foundation as a subreddit where transphobic commentary has thrived the subreddit frequently hosted posts asserting that transgender women are not women On June 29 2020 the subreddit was banned for violating Reddit s rule against promoting hate 100 101 102 103 After r GenderCritical was banned several of its users migrated to Ovarit a trans exclusionary radical feminism centered website similar to Reddit 21 GunsForSale In January 2014 Mother Jones published a story describing the sale of guns on the site The report suggested that sellers were doing so to exploit a loophole in U S federal law 104 Nearly 100 AR 15s were engraved with the Reddit logo as part of a licensing deal made with the page in 2011 105 It was banned on March 21 2018 after Reddit updated its content policies to forbid subreddits facilitating transactions involving certain goods and services 106 Incels See also Incel A subreddit founded for involuntary celibates r Incels was a forum wherein members discussed their lack of romantic success 107 The definition of an incel on the subreddit was someone who has unintentionally gone at least six months without a romantic partner and is at least 21 years old self described incels are largely heterosexual men 108 Many members adhered to the black pill ideology 109 unreliable source 110 111 which espoused despondency often coupled with misogynistic views that condoned downplayed or advocated rape while referring to women as femoids or foids cunts cum dumpsters and sluts 108 Notable black pill posts included reasons why women are the embodiment of evil and proof that girls are nothing but trash that use men 112 110 Users deemed too female friendly or who claimed that women experienced inceldom to the same extent as men were banned 110 The subreddit s users intermittently either revered or hated normies and Chads for their courtship abilities and some admire murderers such as Elliot Rodger perpetrator of the 2014 Isla Vista killings who identified as an incel 113 108 114 In the summer of 2017 a petition on Change org called for r Incels to be banned for inciting violence against women 113 Following the October implementation of a new Reddit policy that prohibited the incitement of violence the subreddit was banned on November 7 2017 115 At the time of its banning r incels had around 40 000 subscribers 112 r Braincels subsequently became the most popular subreddit for incels gaining 16 900 followers by April 2018 The subreddit s leaders disavowed the Toronto van attack and deleted some posts by members who praised Alek Minassian s alleged actions 116 In September 2018 the subreddit was quarantined and in October it was banned Jailbait See also Jailbait Reddit s staff was initially opposed to the addition of obscene material to the site but they eventually became more lenient when prolific moderators such as a user named u violentacrez proved capable of identifying and removing illegal content at a time when they were not sufficiently staffed to take on the task 3 Communities devoted to explicit material saw rising popularity and r Jailbait which featured provocative shots of underage teenagers became the chosen subreddit of the year in the Best of reddit user poll in 2008 and at one point making jailbait the second most common search term for the site 3 Erik Martin general manager of Reddit defended the subreddit by saying that such controversial pages were a consequence of allowing free speech on the site 117 r Jailbait came to wider attention outside Reddit when Anderson Cooper of CNN devoted a segment of his program to condemning the subreddit and criticizing Reddit for hosting it 118 119 Initially this caused a spike in Internet traffic to the subreddit causing the page to peak at 1 73 million views on the day of the report 120 In the wake of these news reports a Reddit user posted an image of an underage girl to r Jailbait subsequently claiming to have nude images of her as well Dozens of Reddit users then posted requests for these nude photos to be shared to them via private message 121 Other Reddit users drew attention to this discussion and the r Jailbait forum was subsequently closed by Reddit administrators on October 11 2011 121 Critics such as r Jailbait s creator disputed claims that this thread was the basis of the decision instead claiming it was an excuse to close down a controversial subreddit due to recent negative media coverage 2 Others claimed that the thread believed to have prompted the closure was created by members of the Something Awful forum in an attempt to get the section shut down rather than the regulars of the forum 122 Following the closure of r Jailbait The Daily Dot declared the community s creator u violentacrez The Most Important Person on Reddit in 2011 calling the r Jailbait controversy the first major challenge to the site s voluntary doctrine of absolute free speech 123 Jakolandia In January 2019 a Philippine based subreddit r Jakolandia was accused of distributing posts of photos of women including celebrities apparently without their consent similar to a number of secret Facebook groups that had been engaging in illegal activity of sharing obscene photos of women and possibly child pornography 124 r jakolandia was later banned as a result 125 MGTOW See also Men Going Their Own Way r MGTOW was a subreddit for Men Going Their Own Way an anti feminist misogynistic mostly online community advocating for men to separate themselves from women and from a society which they believe has been corrupted by feminism 126 127 In January 2020 a group of researchers published a preprint of an analysis of the manosphere which listed r MGTOW among a group of growing online communities which the authors said were involved in online harassment and real world violence 128 Reddit quarantined the subreddit shortly afterward 129 In August 2021 Reddit banned the subreddit for violating its policies prohibiting content that incites violence or promotes hate based on identity or vulnerability 130 MillionDollarExtreme r MillionDollarExtreme was a subreddit dedicated to the comedy group Million Dollar Extreme who were accused of having connections with the alt right Its users heavily promoted racist homophobic and transphobic content and propagated various anti Semitic conspiracy theories It was banned on September 10 2018 for violating Reddit s content policy regarding violent content when it had around 43 000 subscribers Million Dollar Extreme s YouTube channel and Instagram account were already terminated earlier in the year 131 Associated subreddits r BillionShekelSupreme r milliondollarextreme2 r ChadRight and several others were subsequently banned 131 132 NoNewNormal r NoNewNormal was a subreddit that claimed to be critical of the responses to the COVID 19 pandemic and has propagated various conspiracies about the pandemic such as lockdown mask and vaccine denialism It was quarantined for misinformation on August 12 2021 when it had accumulated over 112 000 subscribers Subreddits r rejectnewnormal and r refusenewnormal were subsequently banned for trying to circumvent the quarantine and r PandemicHoax and r truthseekers which hosted similar content set themselves to private 133 134 A thread posted by a user on r vaxxhappened a community against vaccine misinformation called upon Reddit admins to ban subreddits primarily spreading medical misinformation 135 Reddit admins responded by saying that Reddit is a platform for free speech and discussion and would continue to allow subreddits that challenge the consensus views on the pandemic 136 In response the moderators of 135 subreddits such as r florida r futurology r pokemongo r startrek r tifu and others made their subreddits private in protest of Reddit s response 137 138 139 140 On September 1 2021 Reddit banned the subreddit for brigading subreddits that criticized it 141 142 along with quarantining 54 other subreddits associated with COVID 19 denial 143 Physical Removal r Physical Removal was banned on August 15 2017 for inciting violence The subreddit s name stems from a quote by right wing libertarian philosopher Hans Hermann Hoppe who wrote There can be no tolerance toward democrats and communists in a libertarian social order They will have to be physically separated and removed from society referring to ostracism and by extension their advocacy for forced deportation or physical removal of political leftists from the United States It was controversial for its promotion of violence against leftists and other groups For instance users would make reference to throwing people from helicopters an execution method used by Augusto Pinochet Physical Removal attracted further attention in 2017 after the Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville Virginia due to mockery of the death of Heather Heyer who was struck and killed by a car driven by a far right terrorist at the rally 144 145 Pizzagate See also Pizzagate conspiracy theory Pizzagate is a conspiracy theory that emerged from social media and fake news websites in early November 2016 which falsely alleged the existence of a child trafficking ring that involved officials in the Democratic Party and restaurants such as Comet Ping Pong The r pizzagate subreddit which spun off from r The Donald was dedicated to discussing this conspiracy theory and had over 20 000 subscribers 146 This subreddit was banned on November 23 2016 for violating Reddit s policy against doxing as users would post the personal details of people allegedly connected to this conspiracy 147 QAnon related subs Main article QAnon Reddit attracted attention from mainstream publications in 2018 due to its role in helping spread the QAnon conspiracy theory from 4chan and 8chan to the wider internet with tens of thousands of users subscribing to various subreddits promoting it at its peak In response Reddit began to ban these subreddits for breaking sitewide rules 148 149 132 In March 2018 the original QAnon sub r CBTS stream standing for Calm before the storm was banned for inciting violence and sharing confidential personal information after accumulating over 20 000 subscribers r GreatAwakening which had a more active userbase with over 71 000 subscribers and an average of 10 000 comments per day was banned in September that year for repeated content violations such as harassing a user they misidentified as the suspect of the Jacksonville Landing shooting Around 17 other subreddits such as r BiblicalQ r Quincels and backup sub r The GreatAwakening were also banned 150 132 151 These bans resulted in a significant decrease in QAnon related discussions on Reddit by 2020 with the remaining ones being criticisms against the conspiracy theory 149 SanctionedSuicide Further information Sanctioned Suicide r SanctionedSuicide was a subreddit that approached the topic of suicide from a pro choice perspective It included both discussions surrounding the ethics of suicide and posts containing rants from Reddit users 152 The subreddit was banned on March 14 2018 153 for violating its guidelines prompting the creation of the web forum Sanctioned Suicide 154 SonyGOP Main article Sony Pictures hack On December 15 2014 Reddit took the unusual step of banning a subreddit r SonyGOP which was being used to distribute hacked Sony files 155 Shoplifting The subreddit r Shoplifting was devoted to stories tips and questions for the purpose of shoplifting at large commercial retail chains It dissuaded people from shoplifting from smaller stores which were presumed to suffer greater losses from theft It also heavily featured pictures displaying items that its users had supposedly lifted 156 Near the end of its existence over 77 000 people were subscribed to the subreddit 157 It was banned on March 21 2018 due to violating an amendment to the Reddit User Agreement added that same day which states Users may not use Reddit to solicit or facilitate any transaction or gift involving certain goods and services including Stolen goods 158 159 The Donald Main article r The Donald The subreddit r The Donald which was intended for supporters of US president Donald Trump was originally created for his 2016 presidential campaign Due to harassment of Reddit administrators and manipulation of the site s algorithms to push content to Reddit s front page using the sticky feature of subreddits Reddit banned many of the sub s users who were described as toxic 160 This occurred after Reddit s CEO Steve Huffman known as u spez on Reddit admitted to silently editing comments attacking him made by the community s users This caused the term spez to be used instead of edit in The Donald s terminology 161 Reddit modified the site s algorithms to specifically prevent the sub s moderators from gaming the algorithms to artificially push the sub s content to Reddit s front page 162 Additionally Reddit introduced a filtering feature which allowed individual users to block content from any sub While this feature was being worked on prior to the problems r The Donald were causing it was suggested that it was introduced specifically to allow users to block them 162 Huffman referred to r The Donald s users complaints of harassment hypocritical due to their harassment of others 163 After the Christchurch mosque shootings in 2019 many posts appeared in the subreddit arguing that the shootings were justified filled with anti Muslim hate 164 The subreddit was quarantined by Reddit admins in June 2019 for threats of violence against police and public officials 165 166 On June 29 2020 Reddit banned the subreddit for frequent rule breaking for antagonizing the company and other communities and for failing to meet our most basic expectations 167 TheFappening Further information 2014 celebrity nude photo leak In August 2014 Reddit users began sharing a large number of naked pictures of celebrities stolen using phishing from their private Apple iCloud accounts 168 169 A subreddit r TheFappening was created as a hub to share and discuss these stolen photos the situation was called CelebGate by the media 170 The subreddit contained most of the images 171 172 Victims of The Fappening included high profile names such as Jennifer Lawrence Kate Upton and Mary Elizabeth Winstead 173 174 Some of the images may have constituted child pornography as the photos of Liz Lee and McKayla Maroney from the leak were claimed to have been taken when the women were underage though this remains controversial 175 The subreddit was closed by Reddit administrators in September 2014 The scandal led to wider criticisms concerning the website s moderation from The Verge and The Daily Dot 176 177 TruFemcels In January 2021 Reddit banned r TruFemcels a subreddit for female incels femcels for promoting hate 178 It was previously accused of lookism racism transphobia and spreading alt right conspiracy theories and for using the same terminology of incels After the ban the community migrated to a dedicated website ThePinkPill co 179 TumblrInAction In June 2022 Reddit banned r TumblrInAction TiA an anti gender movement subreddit for making fun of Tumblr gender ideology and social justice warriors SJWs for promoting hate At the time r TumblrInAction had over 470 000 members including those who had joined the subreddit after r GenderCritical was banned r SocialJusticeInAction a sister subreddit to TumblrInAction was also banned Reddit user Hatman a former moderator of both communities stated that the reason that Reddit banned both subreddits was the discussion of transgender politics in these communities 180 Months prior in December 2021 Slate referred to TumblrInAction as a breeding ground for online hate linked to Gamergate and all sorts of online harassment tactics 181 UncensoredNews r UncensoredNews was a far right subreddit that claimed to be the free speech alternative to the more popular news related subs Founded by users who moderated several white nationalist subreddits before June 2016 it saw a massive increase in subscribers following the Orlando nightclub shooting as the moderators of r news were accused of censoring the name religion and motive of perpetrator Omar Mateen 74 182 r UncensoredNews primarily promoted stories about crimes committed by minorities or left wing people such as attacks on white farmers in South Africa with a xenophobic Islamophobic and racist bent For example a post stickied by one of the sub s moderators was titled Here at uncensored news we love racism bigotry misogyny hatred xenophobia transphobia homo phobia sic etc while another user compared miscegenation to bestiality 61 183 76 r UncensoredNews and its moderators were banned on March 12 2018 for inciting violence possibly in response to a thread on whether Jews or Muslims were considered more dangerous 76 WatchPeopleDie and Gore After the 2019 Christchurch mosque shootings Reddit banned the subreddit r WatchPeopleDie which was dedicated to uploading media depicting real life deaths of people such as workplace accidents vehicular manslaughter gun violence suicides and various forms of homicide after it disseminated links to video of the shooting 184 185 186 The similar subreddit r Gore was banned at the same time as was r WPDTalk a subreddit for discussion on what went on in r WatchPeopleDie 187 Although previously quarantined for over half a year the subreddit was completely banned at approximately 17 09 UTC on March 15 2019 less than a day after the events for violating Reddit s content policy specifically the policy against glorifying or encouraging violence Moderators of the subreddit had initially allowed the video to be shared 188 Active subredditsAntiwork Main article r antiwork The subreddit r antiwork was established in 2013 189 A longtime moderator stated that the subreddit was intended to be for people advocating for a society in which people did not have to work at all or at least had a much smaller obligation to work During the COVID 19 pandemic new posters who were unhappy with working conditions joined 190 In 2019 the number of subscribers was 13 000 189 which increased to 100 000 in early 2020 190 The subreddit s popularity increased after people began posting text messages of employees giving notice to their employers that they no longer wanted their jobs 189 In November 2021 the subscriber number exceeded one million 190 By December 2021 that number had grown to 1 4 million 189 and in January 2022 it had reached over 1 7 million On 26 January r antiwork was the subreddit with the highest increase of traffic that was not one of Reddit s default front page subreddits 191 In January 2022 a longtime moderator agreed to be interviewed by Fox News host Jesse Watters The Independent stated that Watters was openly contemptuous about the movement 191 In response members of the subreddit criticized the moderator and the other moderators in turn temporarily made the subreddit private 192 Ultimately the interviewee was asked to give up her moderation duties Noah Berlatsky writing for The Independent stated that the Fox News segment became a publicity disaster for r antiwork and that r antiwork became widely ridiculed 193 Following this publicity disaster a similar subreddit r workreform was formed around similar ideas content as r antiwork aznidentity and AsianMasculinity r aznidentity and r AsianMasculinity are communities operated by and for Asian American men and discuss various topics related to lifestyle dating fitness and world events from the perspective of the male Asian diaspora Users often focus on the emasculation of Asian men sexually in American culture and claim that Asian American women in interracial relationships often play a role in actively perpetuating this citation needed In certain areas users of r aznidentity are sometimes referred to as Men s Rights Asians or MRAsians a pun on men s rights activists 194 Additionally r aznidentity users also claim that mainstream and social media coverage of racism against black communities particularly when done by Asian Americans are done at the detriment of Asian causes and claim that Black people are over represented in hate crimes against Asians 194 Certain Asian American women on social media have accused users of harassment with author Celeste Ng having written an article about her experience and the experiences of other Asian American women in The Cut 195 196 BlackPeopleTwitter On April 1 2019 r BlackPeopleTwitter began requiring users to prove they were Black by sending a photo with their forearm and their Reddit username before allowing them to post comments The moderators described this action as an April Fools Day prank albeit one with a very real reason 197 The April Fools prank lasted only a few days but the moderators now limit some contentious threads to a country club consisting of verified people of color and white people who complete an application process including writing about what white privilege means to them Additionally verified Black commenters but not other people of color receive a check mark next to their username 198 199 FemaleDatingStrategy r FemaleDatingStrategy FDS was created in 2019 200 It has been accused by r AgainstHateSubreddits of promoting homophobia transphobia misandry and discrimination against sex workers The Verge described the advice given to women as socially and sexually conservative and oppressive to women FDS posters must follow strict rules to avoid being banned with support for consensual BDSM pornography consumption or casual sex being bannable offenses 201 As of August 2021 it had about 179 000 members who were described as mostly heterosexual women 200 The group has a strict hierarchy with moderators called Ruthless Strategists on top Community is prioritized over the individual and members are advised against speaking with journalists practices which have been described as cult like 202 The subreddit advises against dating men with mental illnesses and has banned members for believing men can be victims of sexual assault The members oppose liberal feminism or libfems 202 200 and endorse TERF like views with transgender women being entirely banned from posting It has also been criticized for contradictory advice such as encouraging independence from men while expecting men to pay for dates and be the primary breadwinner of the household 203 Though it was founded in opposition to manosphere subreddits FDS critics have compared it to them 203 A co host for the subreddit s podcast was quoted by The Guardian responding to this comparison by stating that FDS isn t about trying to manipulate men into trying to behave a certain way it s more about finding a man who is comfortable with you having boundaries and standards and who understands how to treat a woman 200 The subreddit has made extensive use of female incel aka femcel language but this was phased out in favor of new terminology as the femcel jargon interfered with the recruitment of new members The new terminology includes terms like scrotes for men and pickmeisha for women who FDS claims degrade themselves for men Pickmeisha has been used to label members that criticize the moderators or claim to enjoy banned behavior such as casual sex 202 and it has been targeted at women in other subreddits for issues such as seeking advice on their partner s erectile dysfunction 201 GenZedong Time identified r GenZedong a self described Dengist subreddit focused on China as a haven for anti Uyghur racism and denial of oppression against Uyghurs 29 32 The subreddit was quarantined on 23 March 2022 for spreading disinformation about the Russian invasion of Ukraine At the time of its quarantine the subreddit had over 57 000 subscribers 32 It previously received attention when the hacker group Anonymous uploaded a meme mocking the sub to the server hosting Chinese government websites following their hack of a government site promoting tourism in China 204 HermanCainAward Main article Herman Cain Award r HermanCainAward is a subreddit that awards people who have made public declaration of their anti mask anti vax or COVID hoax views who later die from COVID 19 or COVID 19 complications with the Herman Cain Freedom Award 205 206 207 208 People who have made public declaration of their anti mask anti vax or Covid hoax views who are later hospitalized with COVID 19 are nominated for the award 208 According to Le Monde In its early days HCA was primarily fueled by articles found in the press but that in recent months the examples have been drawn directly from a Facebook page of COVID 19 victims Publication after publication the pattern invariably repeats itself one person anonymized to respect Reddit rules says all the bad things they think about vaccines masks or sometimes even doubts the existence of the pandemic Often the memes humorous diversions used to illustrate mistrust of the vaccine are the same The following screenshot tells us that the person has just fallen ill and sometimes that the illness does not really give them a break Calls to pray for help may follow before a loved one finally announces the death 209 F Diane Bart a psychotherapist writing for NBC News described the subreddit as a dark and sardonic corner of the internet that captures the rage and outrage of presumably vaccinated mask wearing individuals many of whom have either been infected with COVID 19 in the past or have watched friends and family become ill and even die 207 KotakuInAction r KotakuInAction was one of the main online hubs for participants of the misogynistic harassment campaign known as Gamergate 210 211 212 Users are warned that by joining KotakuInAction they will be banned from other subreddits such as r OffMyChest a subreddit based around expressing opinions as well as confessing personal thoughts r NaturalHair and r Rape the latter of the three being a support forum for survivors of rape that had been targeted for brigading by r KotakuInAction users 213 BuzzFeed s Joseph Bernstein reported that many of KotakuInAction s moderators also moderate other subreddits devoted to either the physical and emotional degradation and humiliation of women or in subreddits devoted to mocking and delegitimizing the arguments and appearances of feminists and social justice warriors 214 In 2016 KotakuInAction became the subject of an academic study done by three members of the Georgia Institute of Technology 215 On July 12 2018 the creator and head moderator of KotakuInAction removed all of the moderators and set the forum to private alleging that it had become infested with racism and sexism A Reddit employee restored the forum and its moderators an hour later 216 217 A 2020 review analyzing ten discussion boards on KotakuInAction suggested a connection between Gamergate and right wing extremism RWE finding that the three main themes in these discussion boards were RWE bigotry always anti left and hate speech is free speech 218 MensRights See also Men s rights movement The antifeminist 219 220 323 subreddit r MensRights was created in 2008 It has over 300 000 members as of April 2021 update 219 Media studies researcher Debbie Ging cites the extreme misogyny and proclivity for personal attacks of several men s rights subreddits including r MensRights as the most striking features of the new antifeminist politics 221 645 6 SPLC listing r MensRights was included in a list of 12 websites in the spring 2012 issue The Year in Hate and Extremism of the Southern Poverty Law Center s SPLC Intelligence Report in a section called Misogyny The Sites The SPLC reported that although some of the sites make an attempt at civility and try to back their arguments with facts they are almost all thick with misogynistic attacks that can be astounding for the guttural hatred they express 222 More specific claims were made about r MensRights in particular saying that it showed anger toward any program designed to help women and that the subreddit trafficks in various conspiracy theories using a moderator s statements as an example of this behavior 223 In late March 2012 Mark Potok the Intelligence Report s editor was asked in an interview if the SPLC had formally classified r MensRights as a hate group His response was that we wrote about the subreddit Mens Rights but we did not list it as a hate group and expressed doubt that the SPLC would ever designate the community as a hate group noting that it s a diverse group which certainly does include some misogynists but I don t think that s its basic purpose 224 Later that year the SPLC published a statement about the reactions to their report saying it provoked a tremendous response among men s rights activists MRAs and their sympathizers and it should be mentioned that the SPLC did not label MRAs as members of a hate movement nor did our article claim that the grievances they air on their websites false rape accusations ruinous divorce settlements and the like are all without merit But we did call out specific examples of misogyny and the threat overt or implicit of violence 225 Doxing incident In April 2013 the subreddit was threatened with a shutdown by Reddit admins after r MensRights subscribers gathered personal information on a supposed blogger of feminist issues and the subreddit s moderators advised members of the subreddit on how to proceed with this doxing without running afoul of site rules 226 Later on it was discovered that they had identified the wrong woman and it has been reported that many death threats had been sent to her school and employment Georgetown University confirmed that she was not the same person as the blog s author after receiving threatening messages 226 Rape report spam In mid December 2013 users from r MensRights as well as 4chan spammed the Occidental College Online Rape Report Form with hundreds of false rape reports following a user s complaint that the form was vulnerable to abuse as a result of the submitter s ability to remain anonymous 227 228 Around 400 false rape accusations were made by men s rights activists against members of the college feminists and fictional people 227 NoFap Main article NoFap r NoFap is a subreddit dedicated to supporting those who wish to give up pornography or masturbation Some journalists have claimed that NoFap s forums were filled with misogyny stating that there is a darker side to NoFap Among the reams of Reddit discussions and YouTube videos a fundamentally misogynistic rhetoric regularly emerges 229 that the subreddit idolizes testosterone and inherently masculine qualities and that the NoFap community has become linked to wider sexism and misogyny reducing women to sexual objects to be attained or abstained from and shaming sexually active women 230 Piracy and PiratedGames In 2019 r piracy was threatened with a ban after receiving dozens of DMCA takedown notices The moderators said that Reddit did not investigate the infringement claims to find if they actually infringed copyright law often they related to content like sharing the URL to a streaming site asking if such sites were working and posting guides to install programs Users of the subreddit voted to delete all content older than six months as it was not feasible to investigate all past content 231 232 r PiratedGames whose discussions focused specifically on pirated video games was banned on 17 August 2022 for excessive DMCA claims even though the subreddit explicitly banned sharing pirated content With over 300 000 subscribers it was among the largest piracy related subreddits It was restored the next day following an appeal from the moderators 233 TorrentFreak in separate articles said the ban was part of Reddit s increasing crackdown on copyright infringement noting that the year prior around 2 625 subreddits had been banned for similar reasons and that DMCA takedowns on Reddit had increased by over 15 000 in the past five years 233 234 235 Portugueses The subreddit r Portugueses is often home to Portuguese nationalist and nativist rhetoric It also contains racism homophobia sexism and other Reddit policy violations Moderators and volunteer moderators of other subreddits who remove or report hate speech and other policy violations coming from r Portugueses are often threatened for doing so 29 Russia r Russia the national subreddit for Russia was quarantined on 1 March 2022 and the site s administrators removed one of the moderators for spreading disinformation about the Russian invasion of Ukraine Among the disinformation promoted by the sub s moderators were claims that the Ukrainian military was controlled by Nazis that Ukraine was using human shields to raise the conflict s death toll and that the Ukrainian leadership was refusing calls for peace negotiations The sub had over 265 000 subscribers prior to the quarantine The sister sub r RussiaPolitics was also quarantined for similar reasons 236 237 238 Technology In April 2014 it was made apparent that moderators of r Technology a subreddit with 5 million subscribers were using automatic filters to remove submissions that contained certain keywords such as Aaron Swartz Tesla 239 Comcast NSA and Snowden 240 This ultimately led to community protests claims of censorship from users and r technology losing its default subreddit status 241 242 TheRedPill See also Manosphere Alluding to the symbol of the red pill from the film The Matrix 243 244 r TheRedPill is devoted to discussions of male sexual strategy in which participants are ranked as alpha or beta males 245 The subreddit promotes antifeminism 245 221 rape culture 221 hegemonic masculinity and traditional gender roles 243 Users discuss diet and physical fitness alongside pick up techniques for seducing women while also displaying different levels of misogyny ranging from virulent hatred of women to simple frustration with contemporary male experience 244 The Southern Poverty Law Center describes it as one of several male supremacist subreddits featuring xenophobic discourse 246 It has been associated with several right wing movements and the alt right because of its attacks on feminism and mockery of rape 247 In 2017 it was revealed that New Hampshire legislator Robert Fisher created the subreddit and posted demeaning comments about women After this discovery he resigned from office 248 The New Statesman has described this subreddit as one of the most misogynistic subreddits on Reddit which aims to radicalize men 114 As of 2018 update the subreddit is quarantined 249 WhitePeopleTwitter r WhitePeopleTwitter is a popular Reddit community that has become controversial due to several incidents of users posting satire or hoax tweets as legitimate which proceeded to go viral on social media Notable instances included a satirical Tweet claiming that Musk was introducing a special verification for users of the Jewish faith 250 a fake Tweet from conservative commentator Matt Walsh claiming he engaged in sexual assault multiple times 251 a satirical Tweet feigning support for then recently arrested social media personality Andrew Tate 252 and a fake Tweet by the National Rifle Association claiming to support Pride Month 253 Free speech rationaleIn accordance with its policies at the time on free speech Reddit s admins stated in 2013 that they did not ban communities solely for featuring controversial content Reddit s general manager Erik Martin noted that having to stomach occasional troll sub reddits like r picsofdeadkids or morally questionable sub reddits like r jailbait are part of the price of free speech on a site like this and that it is not Reddit s place to censor its users 254 The site s former CEO Yishan Wong stated that distasteful subreddits would not be banned because Reddit as a platform should serve the ideals of free speech 255 256 Critics of Reddit s position argued at the time that it had not been consistent in following its free speech philosophy 257 258 In a 2015 discussion on the site s content policy founder Steve Huffman stated that neither Alexis Ohanian nor I created Reddit to be a bastion of free speech 259 With the banning of r The Donald Reddit expanded the kinds of content that was banned on the site implementing new rules that directly prohibit hate speech 260 In 2021 Reddit stated that they allowed conversations that question or disagree with popular consensus regarding the COVID 19 pandemic stating that dissent is a part of Reddit and the foundation of democracy despite criticism by site moderators Although it banned r NoNewNormal after moderator protests this was for unduly influencing other communities not the subreddit s content 142 References kethryvis February 15 2022 Why is Subreddit Or a Brief History of the Subreddit r reddit Retrieved October 16 2022 a b Morris Kevin October 11 2011 What r jailbait s closure really means The Daily Dot Archived from the original on September 29 2013 Retrieved October 28 2012 a b c d e f Chen Adrian October 12 2012 Unmasking Reddit s Violentacrez The Biggest Troll on the Web Gawker Archived from the original on October 12 2012 Retrieved October 28 2012 r announcements Revamping the Quarantine Function reddit September 27 2018 Retrieved May 10 2020 Quarantined Subreddits Reddit Help Retrieved April 10 2022 Stephen Bijan September 28 2018 Reddit updates its quarantine policy with an appeals process The Verge Archived from the original on July 3 2019 Retrieved May 10 2020 How Internet Platforms Are Combating Disinformation and Misinformation in the Age of COVID 19 New America Retrieved March 18 2023 Garcia Navarro Lulu December 8 2019 Managing Misinformation On Reddit NPR Retrieved March 18 2023 Cinnelli Matteo De Francisci Morales Gianmarco Galeazzi Alessandro Starnini Michele February 23 2021 The echo chamber effect on social media Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 118 9 e2023301118 Bibcode 2021PNAS 11823301C doi 10 1073 pnas 2023301118 PMC 7936330 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from the original on October 1 2019 Isaac Mike June 29 2020 Reddit Acting Against Hate Speech Bans The Donald Subreddit The New York Times Archived from the original on June 29 2020 a b Martinez Ignacio August 7 2019 Chapo Trap House subreddit quarantined for allegedly encouraging violence Daily Dot Archived from the original on June 30 2020 Retrieved June 29 2020 Reinstein Julia June 29 2020 Reddit Banned A Ton Of Subreddits Including r The Donald And r ChapoTrapHouset Buzzfeed News Archived from the original on June 29 2020 Retrieved June 29 2020 a b Tiffany Kaitlyn December 8 2020 The Secret Internet of TERFs The Atlantic Retrieved December 9 2020 Todd Bridget July 16 2013 Does Anything Go The Rise and Fall of a Racist Corner of Reddit The Atlantic Archived from the original on April 23 2017 Retrieved March 6 2017 Wall Brandon June 21 2015 Racist Reddit Group Embraces Alleged Charleston Shooting Manifesto Buzzfeed Archived from the original on July 3 2015 Retrieved July 20 2015 Hankes Keegan March 10 2015 How Reddit Became a Worse Black Hole of Violent Racism than Stormfront Archived from the original on June 12 2015 Kaplan Sarah March 11 2015 The state of hate in America A new home on the Internet The Washington Post Archived from the original on July 30 2017 Cush Andy August 20 2014 Reddit s Ferguson Board Is Run by White Supremacists Gawker Archived from the original on June 13 2015 Woollacott Emma Users Flock To Voat As Reddit Shuts Harassing Groups Forbes Archived from the original on June 15 2015 Retrieved August 26 2017 Huffman Steve August 5 2015 Content Policy Update Reddit com Archived from the original on August 5 2015 Retrieved August 5 2015 a b c Chow Andrew R January 10 2022 Reddit Allows Hate Speech to Flourish in Its Global Forums Moderators Say Time Archived from the original on January 20 2022 Retrieved January 20 2022 Sharma Anushka January 13 2022 Right Online Hateful extremist content on Reddit Discord pose worrying trend for young adults in India News 9 Retrieved March 4 2022 Saraswat Raunaq January 25 2022 Out of Sight How Reddit Became a Safe Space for Hate in India The Quint Retrieved March 4 2022 a b c Chow Andrew March 24 2022 Reddit Moves to Control Hate Speech and Misinformation in Two Forums Time Retrieved March 25 2022 聲援烏克蘭Reddit中文社區 衝浪TV 遭封殺 疑涉中共長臂審查 In solidarity with the Ukrainian Reddit Chinese community Chonglang TV was blocked suspected of being involved in the CCP s long arm censorship Radio Free Asia March 4 2022 Archived from the original on May 11 2022 Retrieved February 7 2023 Gray Justin September 26 2012 Teacher allegedly posts pictures of students on CreepShot website Fox Atlanta Archived from the original on June 1 2013 Retrieved May 3 2013 r Creepshots Moderation History Stattit com Archived from the original on September 6 2013 Retrieved May 3 2013 09 27 Promoted violentacrez Alfonso III Fernando October 11 2012 Redditors declare war on Gawker Media The Daily Dot Archived from the original on 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sensationalist stopgap The Guardian London Archived from the original on October 31 2013 Retrieved October 31 2012 a b Boyd Danah October 29 2012 Truth Lies and Doxing The Real Moral of the Gawker Reddit Story Wired Archived from the original on November 1 2012 Retrieved November 1 2012 a b Starr Michelle October 17 2012 Gawker Reddit s Violentacrez and the internet vigilantes CNET Archived from the original on October 19 2012 Retrieved November 1 2012 Eordogh Fruzsina October 29 2012 What s Behind The Public Shaming of Reddit s King Troll Violentacrez ReadWriteWeb Archived from the original on November 1 2012 Retrieved November 1 2012 Bazelon Emily October 16 2012 Sympathy for Violentacrez Slate Archived from the original on November 1 2012 Retrieved November 1 2012 Dahl Melissa 2018 Cringeworthy How to Make the Most of Uncomfortable Situations Transworld Publishers Ltd ISBN 978 0 593 07746 7 via Google Books Fosco Molly February 3 2019 Can She Make Brands Say Yes to Reddit OZY 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Jones Archived from the original on April 20 2019 Retrieved April 26 2019 Breland Ali Anti Muslim hate has been rampant on Reddit since the New Zealand shooting Mother Jones Archived from the original on April 20 2019 Retrieved April 26 2019 Tiffany Kaitlyn January 15 2022 How Did We Get So Cringe The Atlantic Retrieved March 5 2022 Banned users made a spin off forum called r CringeAnarchy which later became a far right cesspool and then was kicked off Reddit for encouraging violence Swearingen Jake October 2 2014 A Year After Death of Silk Road Darknet Markets Are Booming Archived from the original on May 25 2015 Retrieved May 24 2015 Knibbs Kate March 30 2015 Feds Want Reddit to Give Up Personal Info of Darknet Market Redditors Archived from the original on May 25 2015 Retrieved May 19 2015 Brackett Eric March 25 2018 Reddit bans its DarkNetMarkets subreddit Digital Trends Archived from the original on April 4 2018 Retrieved April 3 2018 Branwen Gwern gwern comments on Several subs banned Megathread reddit Archived from the original on March 22 2018 a b Cole Samantha January 24 2018 We Are Truly Fucked Everyone Is Making AI Generated Fake Porn Now Motherboard Archived from the original on February 7 2018 Retrieved February 8 2018 Romano Aja January 30 2018 Why Reddit s face swapping celebrity porn craze is a harbinger of dystopia Vox Archived from the original on February 8 2018 Retrieved February 8 2018 Hawkins Derek February 8 2018 Reddit bans deepfakes pornography using the faces of celebrities like Taylor Swift and Gal Gadot The Washington Post Archived from the original on February 8 2018 a b Martin Trevor March 23 2017 Dissecting Trump s Most Rabid Online Following FiveThirtyEight Archived from the original on August 24 2022 Retrieved September 4 2022 a b Romano Aja May 21 2016 Reddit s biggest Trump community is fracturing over right wing extremism Vox Archived from the original on September 20 2021 Retrieved September 4 2022 a b c Reddit Bans Racist and Islamophobic Subreddits Al Bawaba March 13 2018 Archived from the original on October 4 2019 Retrieved September 4 2022 a b c d Robertson Adi June 10 2015 Reddit bans Fat People Hate and other subreddits under new harassment rules The Verge Archived from the original on June 10 2015 Reddit Removes 5 Groups After Creating Harassment Policy Business Day The New York Times Associated Press June 10 2015 Archived from the original on June 12 2015 Milner 2016 p 119 Van Dyke Michelle Broder June 11 2015 Reddit Users Revolt After Site Bans Fat People Hate And Other Communities BuzzFeed News Archived from the original on June 12 2015 Hern Alex June 15 2015 Reddit users flee to Swiss copy Voat after harassment clampdown The Guardian Archived from the original on July 1 2015 Dewey Caitlin June 12 2015 Censorship fat shaming and the Reddit revolt How Reddit became the Alamo of the Internet s ongoing culture war The Washington Post Innocents accused in online manhunt 3 News NZ 22 April 2013 Archived from the original on 15 December 2013 Retrieved 3 May 2013 Bidgood Jess 25 April 2013 Missing Student at Brown is Found Dead The New York Times Archived from the original on 20 June 2017 Kim Pauline Hanna Jason 25 April 2013 Body in river that of Brown student police say CNN Archived from the original on 28 April 2013 Retrieved 3 May 2013 Nark Jason The Boston bombing s forgotten victim Philadelphia Daily News Archived from the original on November 15 2014 Retrieved October 31 2014 Akhil spent the most time with Sunny before his suicide weekends at Brown where he tried to help his youngest child foresee a future Wade Chris April 15 2014 The Reddit Reckoning Slate Archived from the original on May 28 2017 Retrieved May 23 2017 Martin Erik Reflections on the Recent Boston Crisis Reddit com Archived from the original on March 10 2014 Retrieved May 3 2013 Peterson Andrea September 16 2013 Reddit bans subreddit dedicated to finding the Navy Yard shooters The Washington Post Archived from the original on September 17 2013 Hathaway Jay November 11 2014 Here s How The Newsroom Covered Reddit s Failed Boston Bombing Manhunt Archived from the original on June 30 2015 Retrieved June 27 2015 Fallon Kevin Newsroom Premiere Aaron Sorkin Puts CNN on Blast Over the Boston Bombing Archived from the original on June 29 2015 Retrieved June 27 2015 Harnick Chris November 21 2014 The Good Wife Recap Alicia Florrick vs Anonymous Commenters In Whack a Mole Archived from the original on November 26 2013 Retrieved June 27 2015 Martinez Ignacio July 2 2019 Alt right subreddit that used clowns to promote white nationalism has been banned The Daily Dot Retrieved March 27 2022 Collins Ben Zadrozny Brandy June 26 2019 Reddit restricts pro Trump community over violent threats NBCNews Retrieved March 27 2022 The site banned r frenworld last week a subreddit for white nationalist neo Nazi and alt right memes The subreddit had evaded a ban for months by using codewords like replacing the word murder with bop in conversations about genocide a b Stangel Jake October 6 2015 Can Steve Huffman Save Reddit From Itself New York Retrieved August 13 2023 Clifton Derrick August 5 2015 Killing Reddit s most hateful subreddits won t exterminate its troll problem The Daily Dot Retrieved August 13 2023 Sankin Aaron August 5 2015 Reddit bans racist communities as site updates content policy The Daily Dot Retrieved August 13 2023 Kulwin Noah August 5 2015 Can t Have It Both Ways The Trouble With Reddit s Content Policy Update Vox Retrieved August 13 2023 Lawson Robert 2023 Language and Mediated Masculinities Cultures Contexts Constraints Oxford University Press p 94 ISBN 978 0 19 008104 1 His findings showed that r The Donald was more similar to r kiketown r fatpeoplehate r TheRedPill and r coontown all controversial subreddits which promoted misogyny racism and hate speech and all of which bar r TheRedPill have since been banned Reddit just banned its viciously transphobic gender critical page amid vigorous crackdown on hate speech PinkNews Gay news reviews and comment from the world s most read lesbian gay bisexual and trans news service June 29 2020 Retrieved August 14 2020 Opinion Reddit just banned a pro Trump subreddit Why users shouldn t be worried yet NBC News Retrieved August 14 2020 How Reddit kicked off a day of bans for Trump and the far right MIT Technology Review June 29 2020 Retrieved August 15 2020 Reddit Dive into anything Follman Mark January 8 2014 How Reddit Became a Gun Market and Authorized Its Logo on Assault Rifles Mother Jones Archived from the original on January 9 2014 Retrieved January 9 2014 Nocera Joe January 9 2014 The Gun Report January 9 2014 The New York Times Archived from the original on January 10 2014 Musil Steven March 21 2018 Reddit removes several firearms related forums CNET Retrieved March 25 2022 Liberman Alida 2017 Disability sex rights and the scope of sexual exclusion Journal of Medical Ethics 44 4 253 256 doi 10 1136 medethics 2017 104411 PMID 29101302 S2CID 4159542 a b c Subcultures and Sociology Incels haenfler sites grinnell edu Archived from the original on December 1 2017 Lalik Ewa November 17 2017 Dlaczego zbanowano osoby ktore nie uprawiaja seksu Why were non sex banned Spider s Web in Polish Archived from the original on March 20 2018 a b c Hathaway Jay November 10 2017 Why Reddit finally banned one of its most misogynistic forums The Daily Dot Archived from the original on November 11 2017 Sonnad Nikhil Squirrell Tim October 30 2017 The alt right is creating its own dialect Here s the dictionary Quartz Archived from the original on March 7 2018 a b Solon Olivia November 8 2017 Incel Reddit bans misogynist men s group blaming women for their celibacy The Guardian ISSN 0261 3077 Archived from the original on November 8 2017 a b Hauser Christine November 9 2017 Reddit Bans Incel Group for Inciting Violence Against Women The New York Times Archived from the original on December 1 2017 a b Tait Amelia February 28 2017 Spitting out the Red Pill Former misogynists reveal how they were radicalised online New Statesman Archived from the original on November 5 2017 Fingas Jon November 8 2017 Reddit bans misogynist community as part of anti violence crackdown Engadget Archived from the original on November 9 2017 Lamoureaux Mack April 24 2018 A Brief History of Incel the Misogynistic Group Allegedly Cited By Toronto Van Attacker Vice Archived from the original on November 23 2018 Alfonso III Fernando August 11 2011 A free speech haven wrestles with violent images The Daily Dot Archived from the original on December 13 2012 Retrieved October 28 2012 Morris Kevin October 3 2011 Anderson Cooper boosts visibility of teen girl pics The Daily Dot Archived from the original on March 4 2016 Retrieved October 28 2012 Tufekci Zeynep 2017 Twitter and Tear Gas The Power and Fragility of Networked Protest Yale University Press pp 164 169 r TheoryOfReddit Traffic statistics for r jailbait reddit October 3 2011 Archived from the original on November 21 2015 Retrieved March 17 2019 a b Morris Kevin October 11 2011 Reddit shuts down r jailbait The Daily Dot Archived from the original on September 26 2013 Retrieved October 28 2012 Morris Kevin October 13 2011 Did SomethingAwful raid jailbait forum The Daily Dot Archived from the original on September 26 2013 Retrieved October 28 2012 Morris Kevin December 16 2011 The 10 most important people on Reddit in 2011 The Daily Dot Archived from the original on January 12 2013 Retrieved October 28 2012 Sy Cua Aric John January 14 2019 Netizens slam disturbing photos of PH subsite on Reddit The Manila Times Archived from the original on January 16 2019 Madarang Catalina Ricci S January 16 2019 Reddit forum closed over inappropriate content against women Interaksyon Retrieved October 20 2020 Wright Scott Trott Verity Jones Callum 2020 The pussy ain t worth it bro assessing the discourse and structure of MGTOW Information Communication amp Society 23 6 908 925 doi 10 1080 1369118X 2020 1751867 ISSN 1369 118X S2CID 219023052 Lin Jie Liang 2017 Antifeminism Online MGTOW Men Going Their Own Way In Fromming Urte Undine Kohn Steffen Fox Samantha Terry Mike eds Digital Environments Ethnographic Perspectives Across Global Online and Offline Spaces Edition Medienwissenschaft Transcript Verlag pp 77 96 ISBN 978 3 8376 3497 6 JSTOR j ctv1xxrxw 9 Ribeiro Manoel Horta Blackburn Jeremy Bradlyn Barry et al 2020 The Evolution of the Manosphere Across the Web arXiv 2001 07600v2 cs CY Basu Tanya February 7 2020 The manosphere is getting more toxic as angry men join the incels MIT Technology Review Thalen Mikael August 3 2021 Reddit bans notorious anti feminist subreddit Men Going Their Own Way The Daily Dot Archived from the original on August 3 2021 Retrieved August 4 2021 a b Ishmael Daro September 11 2018 Reddit Banned A Page That Trafficked In White Supremacist Content But The Problem Is Much Bigger BuzzFeed News Archived from the original on September 13 2018 Retrieved September 13 2018 a b c Stephen Bijan September 12 2018 Reddit s QAnon ban points to how it s tracking toxic communities The Verge Archived from the original on May 16 2022 Retrieved September 2 2022 Cole Samantha August 12 2021 Reddit Quarantines AntiMask Antivax Subreddit Vice Retrieved August 13 2021 Thalen Mikael August 12 2021 Anti vax anti mask forum NoNewNormal quarantined by Reddit The Daily Dot Retrieved August 13 2021 Haroun Azmi Popular pro vaccine Reddit page calls on founders to do more to combat COVID 19 disinformation Business Insider Reddit CEO rejects call for a crackdown on coronavirus misinformation Engadget Schlitz Heather September 1 2021 135 subreddits are going dark to protest Reddit s refusal to ban COVID disinformation Business Insider Archived from the original on September 1 2021 Retrieved September 6 2021 Goforth Claire August 30 2021 After Reddit refuses demands for crackdown dozens of subreddits go dark to protest COVID disinformation The Daily Dot Kan Michael Pokemon Go Forum Goes Dark to Protest Reddit s COVID 19 Misinformation Problem PCMAG Subs going dark Reddit August 30 2021 Retrieved August 31 2021 Gonzalez Oscar September 1 2021 Reddit bans active COVID misinformation subreddit NoNewNormal CNET Retrieved September 1 2021 a b Milmo Dan September 1 2021 Reddit bans Covid misinformation forum after go dark protest The Guardian Archived from the original on September 1 2021 Retrieved September 1 2021 Clark Mitchell September 1 2021 Reddit bans anti vaccine subreddit r NoNewNormal after site wide protest The Verge Retrieved September 6 2021 Reddit Bans Forum Inciting Physical Removal of Democrats From Society Archived August 16 2017 at the Wayback Machine The Daily Beast August 15 2017 What we know about accused Charlottesville driver James Alex Fields Jr cbsnews com August 14 2017 Archived from the original on November 21 2017 Retrieved November 23 2017 Kang Cecilia November 21 2016 Fake News Onslaught Targets Pizzeria as Nest of Child Trafficking The New York Times Archived from the original on December 8 2016 Ohlheiser Abby November 24 2016 Fearing yet another witch hunt Reddit bans Pizzagate Washington Post Archived from the original on December 30 2016 Collins Ben Zadrozny Brandy August 14 2018 How three conspiracy theorists took Q and sparked Qanon NBC News Archived from the original on September 1 2022 Retrieved September 2 2022 a b Tiffany Kaitlyn September 23 2020 Reddit Squashed QAnon by Accident The Atlantic Archived from the original on August 17 2022 Retrieved September 2 2022 Collins Ben Zadrozny Brandy September 12 2018 Reddit bans Qanon subreddits after months of violent threats NBC News Archived from the original on June 14 2022 Retrieved September 2 2022 Covucci David September 12 2018 Reddit bans popular QAnon forum Great Awakening The Daily Dot Archived from the original on February 18 2022 Retrieved September 2 2022 Brown Jennings December 5 2016 The Strange Legacy Of The First Sanctioned Suicide Forum Vocativ Archived from the original on March 19 2018 Retrieved March 18 2018 Reddit Dive into anything Dance Gabriel J X Twohey Megan December 9 2021 Where the Despairing Log On and Learn Ways to Die The New York Times Retrieved March 26 2022 It came online after Reddit shut down a group where people had been sharing suicide methods and encouraging self harm Reddit prohibited such discussion as did Facebook Twitter and other platforms Serge wrote days after the new site opened that the two men had started working on it because they hated to see the community disperse and disappear Goldman David December 29 2014 Reddit takes down Sony hack forum Archived from the original on January 4 2015 Retrieved January 4 2015 Koerber Brian August 30 2017 There s a shoplifting subreddit Morals not welcome Mashable Archived from the original on March 22 2018 Retrieved March 22 2018 Shoplifting Let s talk about stealing shit but never actually steal shit bcos illegal March 10 2018 Archived from the original on March 10 2018 reddit the front page of the internet reddit Archived from the original on March 10 2018 Retrieved March 22 2018 Menegus Bryan March 21 2018 Reddit Bans Slew of Communities Amid New Rule Targeting Sales Trades and Giveaways Archived from the original on March 22 2018 Retrieved March 22 2018 Lee Dave November 30 2016 Reddit moves against toxic Trump fans BBC News BBC News Archived from the original on December 1 2016 Retrieved December 4 2016 Huffman Steve January 1 1970 Reddit CEO Steve Huffman admits changing posts made by Donald Trump supporters BBC Newsbeat Bbc co uk Archived from the original on December 5 2016 Retrieved December 4 2016 a b Ohlheiser Abby Reddit will limit the reach of a pro Trump board and crack down on its most toxic users The Salt Lake Tribune Sltrib com Archived from the original on December 2 2016 Retrieved December 4 2016 Reddit Will Crack Down On Its Most Toxic Trolls CEO Still Apologizing For Editing Comments SFist Archived from the original on February 5 2017 Retrieved December 3 2016 Shamsian Jacob Reddit is allowing a major Trump supporting community to flourish despite members defending the New Zealand mosque shooter Business Insider Archived from the original on March 24 2019 Retrieved March 24 2019 Davis Caitlin June 26 2019 Pro Trump subreddit quarantined over violent threats in support of Oregon Republicans The Daily Dot Archived from the original on June 26 2019 Retrieved June 26 2019 Sommer Will June 26 2019 Reddit Quarantines Pro Trump Forum Over Anti Police Threats The Daily Beast Archived from the original on June 26 2019 Retrieved June 26 2019 via www thedailybeast com Lima Cristiano June 29 2020 Reddit bans pro Trump forum in crackdown on hate speech Politico Archived from the original on June 29 2020 Retrieved June 29 2020 Sottek T C September 1 2014 Say hello to men who hate NSA spying but blame women for being spied on The Verge Vox Media Archived from the original on October 6 2014 Vincent James September 1 2014 Is Apple s iCloud safe after leak of Jennifer Lawrence and other celebrities nude photos Indy Life The Independent Archived from the original on October 6 2014 Celebgate hack Collins sentenced over nude photos theft BBC News October 28 2016 Kosur James September 1 2014 The Fappening Is Being Broadcast Live On Reddit With 100 000 Viewers Business 2 Community Archived from the original on October 6 2014 Johnston Anthony October 10 2014 Security expert weighs in on The Fappening and the iCloud Metro New York Archived from the original on October 6 2014 Hunt begins for hacker behind Jennifer Lawrence nude photo theft The Sydney Morning Herald September 2 2014 Jennifer Lawrence nude photos leaked Hacker posts explicit pics News com au September 2014 Archived from the original on October 6 2014 Price Rob September 2 2014 There s child porn in the massive celebrity nudes hack The Daily Dot Archived from the 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right is getting stronger Quartz Archived from the original on July 8 2022 Retrieved September 4 2022 Elsewhere they can be seen on r uncensorednews primarily news about bad things perpetrated by members of minority groups and left wing people and r conspiracy Newcomb Alyssa March 15 2019 Reddit Bans Watch People Die Subreddit After New Zealand Mosque Video Is Posted to the Site www fortune com Fortune Retrieved March 16 2019 Lawler Richard March 15 2019 Reddit bans gore death focused channels following NZ mosque attack www engadget com Engadget Retrieved March 16 2019 Hatmaker Taylor March 15 2019 After Christchurch Reddit bans communities infamous for sharing graphic videos of death www techcrunch com TechCrunch Archived from the original on March 17 2019 Retrieved March 16 2019 Shamsian Jacob Reddit shut down a 400 000 person community devoted to videos of people dying after users posted footage of the New Zealand mosque massacre INSIDER Archived from the original on March 24 2019 Retrieved March 24 2019 Griffin Andrew March 15 2019 NEW ZEALAND ATTACK VIDEO SPREADS ACROSS TWITTER YOUTUBE AND REDDIT DESPITE PLEAS FROM POLICE NOT TO SHARE IT Independent co uk The Independent Archived from the original on March 15 2019 Retrieved March 15 2019 a b c d Codrea Rado Anna December 22 2021 Inside the Online Movement to End Work Vice Retrieved January 28 2022 a b c Daro Ishmael N November 18 2021 The Real Point of Reddit s Antiwork Sub Slate Retrieved January 28 2022 a b O Connell Oliver Flynn Sheila January 28 2022 Moderator fired from anti work subreddit after disastrous Fox News interview The Independent Retrieved January 28 2022 Ballentine Claire January 27 2022 How a Fox News Interview Threw the Antiwork Subreddit Into Chaos Bloomberg News Retrieved January 28 2022 Berlatsky Noah January 28 2022 What everyone s still missing in the antiwork subreddit drama The Independent Retrieved January 28 2022 a b Mak Aaron September 15 2021 Men s Rights Asians Think This Is Their Moment Slate Magazine Retrieved March 23 2022 Ng Celeste October 12 2018 When Asian Women Are Harassed for Marrying Non Asian Men The Cut Retrieved March 23 2022 Opinion Why the Men s Rights Asians subculture is so toxic and dangerous NBC News January 28 2022 Retrieved March 23 2022 r BlackPeopleTwitter is open to everyone again r BlackPeopleTwitter April 3 2019 Retrieved May 7 2021 Harmon Amy October 8 2019 Discussing Blackness on Reddit Photograph Your Forearm First The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved May 8 2021 Harmon Amy November 5 2019 Prove You re Not White For an Article About Race Verification on Reddit I Had an Unusual Request The New York Times Archived from the original on October 9 2019 a b c d Cunningham Katie August 7 2021 Sales funnels and high value men the rise of strategic dating The Guardian Retrieved May 12 2022 a b Taylor Erin February 14 2020 Reddit s Female Dating Strategy offers women advice and a strict rulebook for how to act The Verge Archived 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