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Wikipedia

Jackson Heights, Queens

January 20, 2023

Jackson Heights is a neighborhood in the northwestern portion of the borough of Queens in New York City. Jackson Heights is neighbored by North Corona to the east, Elmhurst to the south, Woodside to the west, northern Astoria (Ditmars-Steinway) to the northwest, and East Elmhurst to the north and northeast. Jackson Heights has an ethnically diverse community, with half the population having been foreign-born since the 2000s. The New York Times has described Jackson Heights as "the most culturally diverse neighborhood in New York, if not on the planet."[4] According to the 2010 United States Census, the neighborhood has a population of 108,152.[2]

Jackson Heights
Neighborhood of Queens
Little India on 74th Street in Jackson Heights
Location within New York City
Note: red area overlaps with East Elmhurst.
Country United States
State New York
CityNew York City
BoroughQueens
Community DistrictQueens 3[1]
Population
 (2010)[2]
 • Total108,152
Ethnicity
[3]
 • Hispanic56.5%
 • Asian22.0
 • White17.2
 • Black2.0
 • Other/Multiracial2.3
Time zoneUTC−5 (EST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
ZIP Code
11372 (primary) & 11370 (though often regarded more as part of East Elmhurst)
Area codes718, 347, 929, and 917
Websitewww.jacksonheights.nyc [ link broken ]

The site of Jackson Heights was a vast marsh named Trains Meadow until 1909 when Edward A. MacDougall's Queensboro Corporation bought 325 acres (132 ha) of undeveloped land and farms.

Jackson Heights Advertisement by The Queensboro Corporation

The Queensboro Corporation named the land Jackson Heights after John C. Jackson, a descendant of one of the original Queens families and a respected Queens entrepreneur. Further development arose through the development of transit, and "garden apartments" and "garden homes" soon became prevalent in Jackson Heights. During the 1960s, Jackson Heights' white middle-class families began moving to the suburbs, and non-white residents began moving in.

Jackson Heights retains much of its residential character in the modern day. It also has numerous commercial establishments clustered around 37th Avenue, as well as along several side streets served by subway stations. Much of the neighborhood is part of a national historic district called the Jackson Heights Historic District, which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. Part of the neighborhood was placed on a New York City historic district of the same name in 1993.

Jackson Heights is located in Queens Community District 3 and its ZIP Code is 11372. The zip code 11370 is co-named with East Elmhurst.[1] It is patrolled by the New York City Police Department's 115th Precinct.[5] Politically, Jackson Heights is represented by the New York City Council's 21st and 25th districts.[6]

History

Early history

From colonial times to the 1900s, the area now known as Jackson Heights was a vast marsh named Trains Meadow.[7] Urbanization at the turn of the century was creating a New York City housing shortage and urban sprawl. In 1909, Edward A. MacDougall's Queensboro Corporation bought 325 acres (132 ha) of undeveloped land and farms and christened them Jackson Heights after John C. Jackson, a descendant of one of the original Queens families and a respected Queens County entrepreneur.[8][9][10] Northern Boulevard, a major thoroughfare that bisects the neighborhood, was also originally named Jackson Avenue; the name of this road is still retained in a short stretch between Queens Plaza and Queens–Midtown Tunnel in Long Island City.[11] Though the land was not especially known for its elevation, the addition of the term "Heights" echoed the prestige of the neighborhood of Brooklyn Heights and indicated that Jackson Heights was meant to be an exclusive neighborhood.[9][10][12] At that time the area could most easily be reached via a ferry from Manhattan or the Brooklyn Bridge;[12] more direct access came with the Queensboro Bridge in 1909,[13] followed by the elevated IRT Flushing Line—the present-day 7 train, just 20 minutes from Midtown Manhattan—in 1917,[14] and the Fifth Avenue Coach Company double-decker coaches in 1922.[13]

Development

Jackson Heights was conceived as a planned development for middle- to upper-middle income workers looking to escape an overcrowded Manhattan. Inspired by Sir Ebenezer Howard's garden city movement,[10][15][16] it was laid out by Edward MacDougall's Queensboro Corporation in 1916 and began attracting residents after the arrival of the Flushing Line in 1917. The Queensboro Corporation coined the name "garden apartment" to convey the concept of apartments built around private parks. Although land for churches was provided, the apartments themselves were limited to White Anglo-Saxon Protestants,[14] excluding Jews, Blacks, and perhaps Greeks and Italians.[17]

Several of the buildings in Jackson Heights were built by the Queensboro Corporation as part of a planned community located a few blocks off of the Flushing Line between Northern Boulevard and 37th Avenue.[18] Targeted toward the middle class,[19] these multi-story apartment buildings designed in the Colonial Revival and neo-Tudor styles were based on similar ones in Berlin.[20] They were to share garden spaces,[21] have ornate exteriors and features such as fireplaces, parquet floors, sun rooms, and built-in bathtubs with showers;[22] and be cooperatively owned.[21] In addition, the corporation divided the land into blocks and building lots, as well as installed streets, sidewalks, and power, water, and sewage lines.[23]The Laurel apartment building on 82nd Street at Northern Boulevard was the first of the Queensboro Corporation buildings in Jackson Heights, completed in 1914 with a small courtyard. The Greystones on either side of 80th Street between 37th and 35th avenues were completed in 1918 with a design by architect George H. Wells. There was leftover unused space, which was converted to parks, gardens, and recreational areas, including a golf course; much of this leftover space, including the golf course, no longer exists.[24] This was followed by the 1919 construction of the Andrew J. Thomas–designed Linden Court, a 10-building complex between 84th Street, 85th Street, 37th Avenue, and Roosevelt Avenue.[25][26] The two sets of 5 buildings each, separated by a gated garden with linden trees and two pathways, included parking spaces with single-story garages accessed via narrow driveways, the first Jackson Heights development to do so; gaps at regular intervals in the perimeter wall; a layout that provided light and ventilation to the apartments, as well as fostered a sense of belonging to a community;[27] the area's first co-op;[28] and now-prevalent private gardens surrounded by the building blocks.[29]

The Hampton Gardens, the Château, and the Towers followed in the 1920s.[30] The Château and the Towers, both co-ops on 34th Avenue, had large, airy apartments and were served by elevators.[25] Prior to 1922, elevators were required to have attendants and more modest buildings were constructed as walk-ups not exceeding five floors. The elegant Château cooperative apartment complex, with twelve buildings surrounding a shared garden, was built in the French Renaissance style and have slate mansard roofs pierced by dormer windows, and diaperwork brick walls.[31] At first purely decorative, the shared gardens in later developments included paved spaces where people could meet or sit.[32] The Queensboro Corporation started the Ivy Court, Cedar Court, and Spanish Gardens projects, all designed by Thomas, in 1924.[33]

The Queensboro Corporation advertised their apartments from 1922 on.[30] On August 28, 1922, the Queensboro Corporation paid $50 to the WEAF radio station to broadcast a ten-minute sales pitch for apartments in Jackson Heights,[34] in what may have been the first "infomercial", opening with a few words about Nathaniel Hawthorne before promoting the corporation's Nathaniel Hawthorne apartments.[35] The ad wanted viewers to:

seek the recreation and the daily comfort of the home removed from the congested part of the city, right at the boundaries of God's great outdoors, and within a few minutes by subway from the business section of Manhattan ... The cry of the heart is for more living room, more chance to unfold, more opportunity to get near Mother Earth, to play, to romp, to plant and to dig ... Let me enjoin upon you as you value your health and your hopes and your home happiness, get away from the solid masses of brick ... where your children grow up starved for a run over a patch of grass and the sight of a tree ... [36]

Built in 1928, the English Gables line 82nd Street, the main shopping area of Jackson Heights' Hispanic community. There are two developments, called English Gables I and II; they were meant to provide a gateway to the neighborhood for commercial traffic and for passengers from the 82nd Street – Jackson Heights station.[11] A year later, the Robert Morris Apartments, on 37th Avenue between 79th and 80th streets, were constructed. Named after Robert Morris, a signer of the United States Declaration of Independence, the apartments have ample green spaces, original high ceilings, and fireplaces, and are relatively expensive.[11][37]

During the Depression, two new buildings were built: Ravenna Court on 37th Avenue between 80th and 81st streets, built in 1929; and Georgian Court three blocks east, between 83rd and 84th streets, built in 1930.[7] The Queensboro Corporation began to build on land that until then had been kept open for community use, including the tennis courts, community garden,[38] and the former golf course—located between 76th and 78th streets and 34th and 37th avenues—all of which were built upon during the 1940s and 1950s.[30] The corporation also began erecting traditional six-story apartment buildings. Dunolly Gardens, the last garden apartment designed by Andrew Thomas, was an exception, a modernistic group of six buildings completed in 1939.[39] The corner windows, considered very innovative in the 1930s, gave the apartments a more spacious feeling, and the landscaped interior courtyard is one of the largest in the historic district.[40] After the 1940s, Jackson Heights' real estate was diversified, with more apartment buildings and cooperatives built with elevators; some new transportation infrastructure were also built.[30]

In 1929, Holmes Airport opened in the northern section of Jackson Heights that is also considered to be a part of East Elmhurst.[41] Bordering St. Michaels Cemetery to the west, the airfield was also called the Grand Central Air Terminal and Grand Central Airport.[42] Holmes Airport shut down in 1940, one year after LaGuardia Airport opened.[43]

Social and demographic shifts

The neighborhood grew steadily from the 1920s to the 1950s, with construction slowing during the Depression and booming back again after World War II.[44] Holmes Airport operated from 1929 to 1940 on 220 acres (89 ha) adjacent to the community. Later, its land became veterans' housing and the Bulova watch factory site.[45]

Ethnic tensions

By 1930, artists from the Manhattan theater district, many of whom were homosexual, had moved into the area, forming the beginnings of the second largest LGBTQ community in New York outside of Manhattan.[46][47] Jews were allowed to move in by the 1940s. In the 1950s, middle-class businessmen from Colombia, escaping violence and repression in Latin America, brought their financial capital and their families to the community.[9] Following the development of Long Island in the 1960s, Jackson Heights' white middle-class families began moving further out into the suburbs.[9] At the same time the neighborhood experienced an influx of ethnically diverse professionals from Latin America and the Indian subcontinent taking advantage of the 1965 Immigration Reform Act, which allowed them to arrange the immigration of their families.[9][48] White residents' resistance to integration with African-Americans continued late into the decade, and Junction Boulevard came to be called the "Mason-Dixon Line", as it divided Jackson Heights from the black communities in East Elmhurst and Corona.[46]

Crime increases

By the mid-1970s, Roosevelt Avenue had become the neighborhood's commercial center and also gained national attention as a place for organized crime. A 1993 New York Times article detailed how wire transfer services, located in Jackson Heights, inadvertently enabled Colombian cartels to repatriate, and in the process launder, millions of dollars in drug money to South America alongside customers who used the service to transfer legally earned money.[49] The violence that ensued as a result of the growing Jackson Heights illegal drug trade was described by this excerpt from a 1978 New York magazine article titled "Gunfights in the Cocaine Corral":

Over the past three years, in this nice, quiet neighborhood, 27 people have been killed and dozens have been injured.... The violence spreads to surround neighborhoods as cops and prosecutors fight a losing battle. Double and triple homicides go unsolved.[50]

By the late 1980s, Jackson Heights had rising real-estate values and a moderate amount of crime compared to other city neighborhoods.[51] Nevertheless, there were still high-profile crimes that reinforced perceptions of the neighborhood as dangerous. In 1990, Julio Rivera, a gay Puerto Rican man, was murdered in a hate crime. His death galvanized the LGBTQ community into protesting his death with a candlelight vigil, the formation of several LGBTQ activist groups, and the foundation of the Queens Pride Parade.[52] Two years later, journalist Manuel de Dios Unanue was murdered after authoring articles in El Diario La Prensa about the proliferation of Colombian cartels embedded within the business community along Roosevelt Avenue.[53] Seeking to distance themselves from the portrayal of Jackson Heights as a crime-ridden neighborhood, some residents argued that de Dios had been technically murdered in the neighboring Elmhurst, as the restaurant where he was attacked was on the south side of Roosevelt Avenue.[46]

Following the reduction of crime in New York City during the late 1990s, the market for illicit substances that fed the Colombian cocaine industry in Jackson Heights eventually decreased, leading to a reduction in the presence of cartels throughout the neighborhood.[54][55]

Revitalization and 21st century

Community leaders responded to the negative perceptions of Jackson Heights by seeking to have the neighborhood designated as a historic district. In 1988, the Jackson Heights Beautification Group was formed; it organized walking tours as well as beautification activities and commissioned a neighborhood history.[10] Five years later, part of Jackson Heights was made a New York City historic district.[56] The designation, which set architectural guidelines for structures within the designated district, affected both existing buildings and planned new developments within the district.[57]

Starting in the 2000s, Jackson Heights has become once again a desirable destination for professionals and middle-class families. Some of these residents moved to Jackson Heights for the unique architecture of its buildings, while others move for its cultural diversity.[16][58]

Land use

Historic district

Jackson Heights Historic District
NYC Landmark No. 1831
 
Residential street in Jackson Heights
 
District position on New York City map
LocationBounded by Roosevelt Ave., Broadway, Leverich St., 70 St., Northern Blvd., and Junction Blvd., Queens, NYC
Coordinates40°45′5″N 73°53′13″W / 40.75139°N 73.88694°W / 40.75139; -73.88694Coordinates: 40°45′5″N 73°53′13″W / 40.75139°N 73.88694°W / 40.75139; -73.88694
Area300 acres (120 ha)
Architectural styleLate 19th and 20th Century Revivals
NRHP reference No.99000059[59]
NYCL No.1831
Significant dates
Added to NRHPJanuary 27, 1999
Designated NYCLOctober 19, 1993

Most of the original neighborhood, comprising the garden city apartment buildings, was made a National Register Historic District and a New York State Historic Register District. The Jackson Heights New York State and National Register Districts range from 93rd Street through 69th Street between Northern Boulevard and Roosevelt Avenue. Some property fronting on Northern Boulevard and Roosevelt Avenue, as well as some "cut-outs", are not inside the Register Districts. The national historic district called the Jackson Heights Historic District, includes 2,203 contributing buildings, 19 contributing sites, and three contributing objects. Among the landmarked buildings, over 200 original Queensboro Corporation apartment buildings still exist in Jackson Heights.[60] It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.[59]

Almost six hundred buildings in the neighborhood[57]—a rectangle stretching roughly from 76th to 88th Streets and from Roosevelt Avenue almost up to Northern Boulevard—were designated as a New York City Historic District by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission on October 19, 1993.[56][61] It comprises large apartment buildings with private communal gardens, as well as many groupings of private homes and many stores on the streets surrounding Roosevelt Avenue.[62][63] Unlike the State and National Districts, the local designation comes with aesthetic protections.

In addition to the Jackson Heights Historic District, the Lent Homestead and Cemetery and Jackson Heights post office are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.[59]

Business district

The main retail thoroughfare is 37th Avenue from 72nd Street to Junction Boulevard, with more retail on 73rd, 74th, and 82nd streets between 37th and Roosevelt avenues.[64] Stores and restaurants on and near 74th Street tend to cater to the large population from the Indian subcontinent in the neighborhood, with sari and jewelry stores, Indian and Bengali music and movie retailers and many restaurants.[65] 37th Avenue contains a wide mix of retailers, including many grocery stores, and 82nd Street contains many national chain stores located in Tudor-style buildings in the Jackson Heights Historic District.[11] South American retailers and eateries, predominantly from Colombia and Peru dominate Northern Boulevard from 80th Street east to the border of neighboring Corona at Junction Boulevard. Roosevelt Avenue is also lined with various mainly Hispanic retail stores.

Street food

 
Street vendor in Jackson Heights

Along Roosevelt Avenue from 74th to 108th Streets, street food from all over the world is made and sold though food carts are "currently dominated by the Mexican community".[66] Typical cart food includes Bengali fuchka (phuchka), Middle Eastern lamb over rice, Nepalese momo, Colombian chuzos and arepas, Greek souvlaki, Ecuadorian ceviche, Thai steamed chicken over rice, and Mexican elotes (corn on a cob), tacos, homemade tamales filled with meats, cheese, fruits or even chilies, and fruit batidos or aguas frescas (smoothies) as well as South American sweet churros.[67][68]

In a 2017 episode of his show Parts Unknown, American chef Anthony Bourdain visited several Queens eateries, profiling Evelia Coyotzi, who sells tamales in a street cart on Junction Boulevard, the border between Jackson Heights and neighboring Corona. Bourdain learned about Coyotzi, a Mexican immigrant who spoke no English, through the Street Vendor Project, which advocates for New York City street vendors.[69][70][71]

Other buildings

 
Eagle Theater

Most housing units in Jackson Heights are apartments in multi-unit buildings, many of which are five or six stories. Many of these buildings are co-ops, some are rentals, and a few are condominiums. There are also a number of one- to three-family houses, most of which are attached row houses.[18] 34th and 35th avenues, as well as most side streets between 37th Avenue and Northern Boulevard, are residential. A section of 90th Street between 30th Avenue and Northern Boulevard was privately developed separately from the Queensboro Corporation. The structures on that stretch of 90th Street are mostly Tudor buildings.[11]

There were five historic movie theaters in Jackson Heights, which are all currently either repurposed or closed.[11] The Art Deco Earle Theater, opened in 1936 on 37th Road between 73rd and 74th streets, was a neighborhood movie theater before becoming a porn theater and then, with the name changed to "Eagle", a Bollywood theater before a strike in the Bollywood industry caused the theater to close permanently in 2009;[11] it is now a food court selling cuisine of the Indian subcontinent.[72] The Fair Theatre, located in the area that overlaps with East Elmhurst, opened in 1939 at Astoria Boulevard and 90th Street, became a porn theater.[11] The Polk Theater, on 37th (formerly Polk) Avenue and 93rd Street, opened in 1938 and closed in 2006, also was a porn theater during its later years, before it was demolished in 2008.[11][73] The Colony Theater, on 82nd Street north of Roosevelt Avenue, opened in 1935 and closed in 1991. The Jackson, afterwards an Indian-owned theater under the name of the Jackson Heights Cinema, on 82nd Street south of Roosevelt Avenue, was demolished in March 2017.[74] Finally, the Boulevard Theater, on Northern Boulevard and 83rd Street, is now a Latin-American restaurant of the same name.

Demographics

Based on data from the 2010 United States Census, the population of Jackson Heights was 108,152, a decrease of 5,175 (4.6%) from the 113,327 counted in 2000. Covering an area of 1,101.36 acres (445.70 ha), the neighborhood had a population density of 98.2 inhabitants per acre (62,800/sq mi; 24,300/km2).[2] The racial makeup of the neighborhood was 17.2% (18,567) White, 2.0% (2,210) African American, 0.1% (145) Native American, 22.0% (23,781) Asian, 0.0% (9) Pacific Islander, 0.5% (583) from other races, and 1.6% (1,736) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 56.5% (61,121) of the population.[3]

The entirety of Queens Community District 3, which comprises Jackson Heights as well as East Elmhurst and North Corona, had 179,844 inhabitants as of NYC Health's 2018 Community Health Profile, with an average life expectancy of 84.7 years.[75]: 2, 20  This is higher than the median life expectancy of 81.2 for all New York City neighborhoods.[76]: 53 (PDF p. 84) [77] Most inhabitants are middle-aged adults and youth: 22% are between the ages of 0–17, 32% between 25 and 44, and 24% between 45 and 64. The ratio of college-aged and elderly residents was lower, at 9% and 12% respectively.[75]: 2 

As of 2017, the median household income in Community Board 3 was $56,601.[78] In 2018, an estimated 25% of Jackson Heights residents lived in poverty, compared to 19% in all of Queens and 20% in all of New York City. One in fourteen residents (7%) were unemployed, compared to 8% in Queens and 9% in New York City. Rent burden, or the percentage of residents who have difficulty paying their rent, is 59% in Jackson Heights, slightly higher than the boroughwide and citywide rates of 53% and 51% respectively. Based on this calculation, as of 2018, Jackson Heights is considered to be high-income relative to the rest of the city and not gentrifying.[75]: 7 

However, in 2017, nearly 11% of households in Jackson Heights were severely overcrowded—defined as households in which there are more than 1.5 household members for each room (excluding bathrooms) in the unit—making it the second most overcrowded neighborhood in the city, behind only Elmhurst to the south.[79]

The 2020 census data from New York City Department of City Planning showed that there were 54,300 Hispanic residents, 27,600 Asian residents, there were between 10,000 to 19,999 White residents and less than 5000 Black residents.[80][81]

Culture

Jackson Heights is among the most diverse neighborhoods in New York City and the nation. Half of the population was foreign born by the 2000s.[10] Jackson Heights is home to large numbers of South Americans (particularly Colombian, Ecuadorian and Argentinian), Indians, Pakistanis, Tibetans, Nepalese, and Bangladeshis. (Because of its large and vibrant Tibetan community, it has been called "the second (if unofficial) capital of the exile Tibetan world, after Dharamsala, India."[82]) Most businesses are Asian- and Latino-owned, and there are restaurants, bakeries, specialty shops, legal offices, bars, and beauty salons. There is a Little India on 74th Street and a Little Pakistan and Little Bangladesh on 73rd Street.[83] There is also a large concentration of South Americans east of 77th Street, especially a Little Colombia along 37th Avenue.[83]

Jackson Heights was heavily Colombian during the 1980s, but other immigrant groups have settled in the area, notably Mexicans. Many of the displaced Colombians have moved to adjacent areas such as Elmhurst, East Elmhurst, Corona, College Point and Flushing. Queens County still has the largest concentration of Colombians in the United States of any county (roughly 135,000).

 
Scrabble street sign

The 2015 documentary In Jackson Heights portrays Jackson Heights as a microcosm of the American melting pot.[84]

The word game Scrabble was co-invented by former architect Alfred Mosher Butts, who lived in Jackson Heights.[85][86] There is a street sign at 35th Avenue and 81st Street that is stylized using letters, with their values in Scrabble as a subscript; it was originally erected in 1995,[87] but after the sign disappeared in 2008,[88] a replacement was put up in 2011.[89]

Community organizations

The Jackson Heights Garden City Society is a historical society, whose founders include local historians, the Queens Borough Historian and local activists. They created and oversee the Jackson Heights Garden City Trail and publish a walking guidebook to Jackson Heights. They also collect artifacts of the community. Periodically, the Society testifies before the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission on issues of concern to the community.

The 82nd Street Partnership is responsible for the business improvement of the area.[90]

In addition, Colombian broadcaster RCN TV has its US-American headquarters in the neighborhood, reflecting the sizable Colombian population in the area.

There is a year-round greenmarket every Sunday morning at Travers Park, as well as various family-oriented spring and summer concerts.

LGBTQ community

Early history

 
Senior Citizens marching in the 2018 Queens Pride Parade

In the 1920s, LGBT actors working in the 42nd Street theater scene decided to make their homes in Jackson Heights due to the lack of affordability of Manhattan neighborhoods and the easy accessibility of the 7 train. That was the beginning of what is now the second largest gay community in New York City.[91]

Until the 1990s, LGBT activities in Jackson Heights were usually held surreptitiously and at night due to a constant fear of backlash. As the neighborhood continued to grow, more spaces for the gay community were added. One of those was the Queens Center for Gay Seniors, which was created using grant money and is still the only senior center in Queens serving the LGBT community specifically.[92][93]

Murder of Julio Rivera

The LGBT community became a movement after the 1990 murder of Julio Rivera, a 29-year-old bartender who worked at the Magic Touch gay bar. Rivera was raised in the Bronx, but tried to avoid the violence of the streets there, and moved to Jackson Heights as a young adult. On the night of July 2, three men cornered Rivera in a schoolyard that was known as a gay cruising area and beat him with a hammer and beer bottle, and then stabbed him.[94] At the beginning of the case, the police department categorized the assault as drug-related, because Rivera had been a longtime cocaine user and they found traces of cocaine on his body. However, after Rivera's friends and relatives advocated for the case to be examined further, the NYPD concluded that Rivera's death had been an anti-gay crime, and the three men involved were charged with murder and manslaughter.[95][96]

If it wasn't for Julio the Queens LGBT movement would not have gotten as far as it has gotten. Julio did not die in vain. He changed people's lives.

— City Councilmember Daniel Dromm, 2015[97]
 
Julio Rivera

This was the first real standing for justice and honor for the LGBT community in Queens. The resulting activism led to the Gay and Lesbian Anti-Violence Project, a social services agency that helps monitor any type of criminal acts against the community citywide. Rivera's sister-in-law was elected as the AVP for the LGBT board. Union helped improve the relationship between the Police Department and Jackson Heights' LGBT community and helped with supervision against violence. In 2000, the corner of 78th Street and 37th Avenue, where Rivera was killed, was renamed in his memory[95][98][99] and a documentary, Julio of Jackson Heights, was made about his murder.[96][100]

1990s to present

Since the 1990s, the LGBTQ community in Jackson Heights has not only grown in number, but also expanded its diversity and cultures. The Inaugural Queens Lesbian and Gay Parade and Block Party Festival, organized by Daniel Dromm and Maritza Martinez, took place on June 6, 1993, in Jackson Heights, marking a watershed in LGBTQ history. Some 1,000 marchers participated, and thousands of spectators attended. More than a dozen LGBTQ organizations sponsored the event. In 1994 Dromm and activist Wayne Mahlke organized the Lesbian and Gay Democratic Club of Queens, "the only LGBT independent Democratic club in the Borough of Queens."[101] That same year, the Queens Pride Parade commemorated the 25th anniversary of the Stonewall riots. In 1995, Ed Sedarbaum established the SAGE/Queens Clubhouse, the first senior citizens program in Queens to provide outreach to LGBTQ elderly. In 1999, an estimated 40,000 people attend the Queens Pride Parade with some 70 community groups registered.[102]

Daniel Dromm and Jimmy Van Bramer were elected to the New York City Council on November 3, 2009, representing, respectively, the 25th and 26th districts in Queens.[103] Both City Council members are openly gay.[104]

Incidents

On August 15, 2001, Edgar Garzon, a gay man, was murdered in an incident that the Queens district attorney characterized as a "possible hate crime." The murder quickly faded from public attention after the September 11 attacks a month later. In 2006, John L. McGhee was charged with Garzon's murder.[105]

On June 3, 2018, 25-year-old school teacher Brandon Soriano was attacked by two men following the 2018 Pride Parade in what has been deemed a hate crime.[106][107] Five days later, a Latina transgender woman was allegedly stabbed repeatedly a few blocks away.[108]

Economy

US-Bangla Airlines formerly had its U.S. offices in the Bangladesh Plaza building in Jackson Heights.[109]

Parks and recreation

Travers Park is the main local playground. It has a variety of sports, including basketball, tennis, baseball, soccer, and handball.[37] In recent years, a farmers' market was expanded to a year-round presence.[110] Renovations completed in October 2020 eliminated much of the space previously used for sports, and replaced it with lawn and seating space.[111][112]

Prior to expansion, the P.S. 69 school yard offered baseball fields, a stickball field, a handball court and three tennis courts. Con Edison sponsored several summer tennis camps at P.S. 69's school yard from 1982 to 1992. In 1998, P.S. 69 built an annex to compensate for the booming population of children in Jackson Heights and the public access to the school yard was removed. However, on November 30, 2011, then-Mayor Michael Bloomberg and other city officials opened the 200th "Schoolyard to Playground" at P.S. 69 as a part of the PlaNYC initiative to ensure all New Yorkers live within a 10-minute walk of a park or playground; the program is turning schoolyards into playgrounds in neighborhoods across the city.[113]

Police and crime

Jackson Heights is patrolled by the 115th Precinct of the NYPD, located at 92–15 Northern Boulevard.[5] The 115th Precinct was ranked 20th safest out of 69 patrol areas for per-capita crime in 2010. Crime has declined significantly since the late 20th century when the area was known as the "cocaine capital" of New York City.[114] As of 2018, with a non-fatal assault rate of 33 per 100,000 people, Jackson Heights's rate of violent crimes per capita is less than that of the city as a whole. The incarceration rate of 342 per 100,000 people is lower than that of the city as a whole.[75]: 8 

The 115th Precinct has a lower crime rate than in the 1990s, with crimes across all categories having decreased by 85.0% between 1990 and 2019. The precinct reported 11 murders, 42 rapes, 246 robberies, 344 felony assaults, 125 burglaries, 520 grand larcenies, and 128 grand larcenies auto in 2019.[115]

Fire safety

Jackson Heights is served by two New York City Fire Department (FDNY) fire stations.[116] Engine Co. 307/Ladder Co. 154 is located at 81–19 Northern Boulevard.[117] Another fire station, Engine Co. 316, is located at 27–12 Kearney Street in East Elmhurst.[118]

Health

As of 2018, preterm births are about the same in Jackson Heights as in other places citywide, but births to teenage mothers are more common. In Jackson Heights, there were 86 preterm births per 1,000 live births (compared to 87 per 1,000 citywide), and 27.9 births to teenage mothers per 1,000 live births (compared to 19.3 per 1,000 citywide).[75]: 11  Jackson Heights has a high population of residents who are uninsured. In 2018, this population of uninsured residents was estimated to be 28%, which is higher than the citywide rate of 12%.[75]: 14 

The concentration of fine particulate matter, the deadliest type of air pollutant, in Jackson Heights is 0.0073 milligrams per cubic metre (7.3×10−9 oz/cu ft), lower than the city average.[75]: 9  Thirteen percent of Jackson Heights residents are smokers, which is slightly lower than the city average of 14% of residents being smokers.[75]: 13  In Jackson Heights, 20% of residents are obese, 13% are diabetic, and 29% have high blood pressure—compared to the citywide averages of 20%, 14%, and 24% respectively.[75]: 16  In addition, 26% of children are obese, compared to the citywide average of 20%.[75]: 12 

Eighty-six percent of residents eat some fruits and vegetables every day, which is slightly lower than the city's average of 87%. In 2018, 72% of residents described their health as "good", "very good", or "excellent", lower than the city's average of 78%.[75]: 13  For every supermarket in Jackson Heights, there are 17 bodegas. Jackson Heights also has two farmer's markets.[75]: 10 

The nearest large hospital in the Jackson Heights area is the Elmhurst Hospital Center in Elmhurst.[119]

Incidents

In 2020, the neighborhoods of Corona, East Elmhurst, Elmhurst, and Jackson Heights were most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City.[120] As of August 10, these communities, with a cumulative 303,494 residents, had recorded 12,954 COVID-19 cases and 1,178 deaths.[121] COVID-19 cases in ZIP Code 11372 were among the highest of any ZIP Code in New York City.[122]

Post offices and ZIP Codes

Jackson Heights is covered by multiple ZIP Codes. The area between Northern Boulevard and Roosevelt Avenue is covered by 11372, while the areas north of Northern Boulevard, which are considered primarily to be a part of the East Elmhurst neighborhood, are covered by 11370 west of 85th Street (an area stretching north to Astoria and Rikers Island) and 11369 east of 85th Street. ZIP Code 11371 is assigned to LaGuardia Airport.[123]

The United States Post Office operates three locations in Jackson Heights:

Education

 
PS 212

Jackson Heights generally has a lower ratio of college-educated residents than the rest of the city as of 2018. While 27% of residents age 25 and older have a college education or higher, 30% have less than a high school education and 47% are high school graduates or have some college education. By contrast, 39% of Queens residents and 43% of city residents have a college education or higher.[75]: 6  The percentage of Jackson Heights students excelling in math rose from 41% in 2000 to 65% in 2011, and reading achievement rose from 46% to 49% during the same time period.[127]

Jackson Heights's rate of elementary school student absenteeism is less than the rest of New York City. In Jackson Heights, 12% of elementary school students missed twenty or more days per school year, lower than the citywide average of 20%.[76]: 24 (PDF p. 55) [75]: 6  Additionally, 78% of high school students in Jackson Heights graduate on time, more than the citywide average of 75%.[75]: 6 

Schools

New York City Department of Education operates public schools. Schools in Jackson Heights include P.S. 69 Jackson Heights School,[128] P.S. 149 Christa McAuliffe School,[129] P.S. 212,[130] P.S 222 FF Christopher A. Santora School,[131] I.S. 145 Joseph Pulitzer School,[132] P.S. 152, and I.S. 230.

Charter schools include the Pre-K–12 school Renaissance Charter School.[133]

Private schools in the neighborhood include Saint Joan of Arc School (Pre-K3 to 8 grade), Our Lady of Fatima School (Pre-K to 8 grade), Monsignor McClancy Memorial High School, a school which turned co-ed by the end of the 2012 school year, though technically located in East Elmhurst. Garden School, a private, non-profit 501(c)(3) independent school within Jackson Heights, enrolls 300 students from grades Nursery–Grade 12.

82nd Street Academics, a non-profit 501(c)(3) educational institution, is housed at the Community United Methodist Church of Jackson Heights. Since 2003, it has been a community-based Universal Pre-Kindergarten provider under contract with the New York Department of Education.[134][135]

Library

The Queens Public Library's Jackson Heights branch is located at 35–51 81st Street.[136]

Houses of worship

The community is home to various houses of worship from a wide array of religions.

The Community United Methodist Church, located between 81st and 82nd streets on 35th Avenue,[37] is the oldest Church in Jackson Heights. Founded in 1919, it was dedicated in 1923[137] as part of Queensboro Corporation's planned development.[9] Originally serving the spiritual needs of European-American Protestant residents, it is now the most diverse church in Queens with Chinese, Korean, Spanish, and English services.[9] Reverend Austin Armistead, who led the church from 1974 to 1995, is credited for the church's racial and cultural change. Prior to his arrival in 1974, the suggestion of the Spanish-speaking service had been rejected. Armistead made the decision to remake the church, with a vision of mirroring the neighborhood and so divided the church into four different ministries; the church also came to serve as "common ground" for a range of community groups, from ethnic associations to LGBTQ organizations to nonprofits like the Jackson Heights Beautification Group.[138]

Satya Narayan Mandir, located at NE corner of 76 street and Woodside Avenue, is the oldest Hindu-Sikhism combination temple in the United States (and, it claims, the Americas). It was incorporated in 1987.[139]

Saint Joan of Arc Catholic Church, located between 82nd and 83rd Street on 35th Avenue, was the first Catholic church to be named in honor of a newly canonized French Saint.[140]

Muhammadi Community Center, located at 37–46 72nd Street, serves the Muslim population of Jackson Heights since 1995. Its head and founder is Imam Qazi Qayyoom.[141]

St. Mark's Episcopal Church, located on 34th Avenue between 81st and 82nd streets within the Jackson Heights Historic District, the church offers bilingual worship. It was established in 1923 as part of Queensboro Corporation's planned development. In 1993, it was designated by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission.[142]

Jackson Heights-Elmhurst Kehillah, located in the lower level of the Jackson Heights Jewish Center at 77th Street at the corner of 37th Avenue, provides all manner of services for all residents of Jackson Heights, Elmhurst, and western Queens.[143]

  •  

    Iglesia La Luz Del Mundo

  •  

    Bible Baptist church of Jackson Heights

  •  

    Blessed Sacrament Church

  •  

    Orthodox American Church

  •  

    Iglesia Cristiana De Restauracion Jehova Nisi

  •  

    The Korean Church Of Queens

  •  

    New York Hindu Sanatan Inc

  •  

    Grace Community Church

  •  

    Atonement Lutheran Church & Pre School

  •  

    Our Lady of Fatima Church (East Elmhurst)

  •  

    Evangelistic Church - Our Lord

  •  

    Immanuel Baptist

  •  

    Saint Mark's Espiscopal Church

  •  

    The Salvation Army Queens Temple Corps. Community Center

  •  

    St Joan Of Arc Rc

  •  

    Community United Methodist

  •  

    Ray Of Hope Church

  •  

    Saint Constantine & Helen Greek Orthodox Church

  •  

    Perfect Liberty Church

Transportation

Public transportation

 
The intersection of 75th Street and Roosevelt Avenue, under the elevated IRT Flushing Line (7 train)

The following New York City Subway stations serve Jackson Heights:[144]

The following MTA Regional Bus Operations bus routes serve Jackson Heights:[145]

The Jackson Heights–Roosevelt Avenue/74th Street station is a transportation hub where the subway's 7​, E, ​F, <F>, ​M, and ​R trains and the Q32, Q33, Q47, Q49. Q53 SBS and Q70 SBS buses converge.[145] The MTA spent over $100 million on renovations to the Jackson Heights bus terminal, which were completed in 2005.[146] It includes one of the first green buildings in the MTA system, the Victor A. Moore Bus Terminal, which is partially powered by solar panels built into the roof. These are located along the length of the sheds above the Flushing Line platforms.[146][48] The terminal, as is the Victor Moore Arcade (which it replaced), is named after Jackson Heights resident Victor Moore, a Broadway and film actor from the era of silent film to the 1950s.[146]

Roads

Interstate 278 (Brooklyn Queens Expressway), New York State Route 25A (Northern Boulevard), and the Grand Central Parkway (in the East Elmhurst area) are major roads in the area. LaGuardia Airport, in neighboring East Elmhurst, is nearby.[145]

Eleven percent of roads in Jackson Heights have bike lanes, similar to the rate in the city overall.[75]: 10  These lanes, part of the city's bikeway system, exist on 34th Avenue, as well as on 74th and 75th streets between 34th Avenue and 37th Road. There is also a short one-block bike lane connector on 37th Road between 74th and 75th streets.[147]

Notable residents

In popular culture

  • Much of the Alfred Hitchcock film The Wrong Man (1956) takes place within a few blocks of the intersection of Broadway and 74th Street.[196]
  • The theme song of the TV show Car 54 Where Are You? (1961–63) has a line that goes: "There's a traffic jam in Harlem that's backed up to Jackson Heights".[197]
  • Ingrid Bergman's character Stephanie Dickinson in the movie Cactus Flower (1969) lives in Jackson Heights.
  • In Cagney & Lacey (1988), the fictional character Mary Beth Lacey and her family live in an apartment in Jackson Heights.[198]
  • In Coming to America (1988), the fictional singer Randy Watson is referred to as "Jackson Heights' own".
  • Jackson Heights is mentioned in Del Amitri's song "Surface of the Moon", from the 1992 album Change Everything.
  • Part of The Usual Suspects (1995) was filmed in Jackson Heights around 34th Avenue and 82nd Street.
  • Portions of Random Hearts (1999) were filmed in Jackson Heights on 35th Avenue between 76th and 77th streets.
  • Major portions of the Academy Award–nominated Maria Full of Grace (2004) were filmed on location in Jackson Heights.
  • It is also the setting for the TV show Ugly Betty (2006–10), where Betty and her family live.[199]
  • Parts of director James Gray's We Own the Night (2007) were filmed between 32nd Avenue and 31st Avenue on 84th Street.
  • The eponymous Pakistani drama Jackson Heights is set in this neighborhood and deals with the lives of Pakistanis living in New York City.[200]
  • In season 5 of AMC's Mad Men (2012), Ken Cosgrove and his family reside in Jackson Heights
  • The documentary film In Jackson Heights (2015) by Frederick Wiseman explores the diversity of people in the neighborhood.[201]
  • The HBO series The Night Of (2016) was partially filmed around 37th Avenue and 74rd Street.[202]

See also

References

Notes

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Sources

  • Barnouw, Erik (December 29, 1966). A History of Broadcasting in the United States: 1. A Tower of Babel: to 1933. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-500474-8. Retrieved January 8, 2013.
  • Braine, Theresa (June 18, 2009). "Quaint in Queens: Jackson Heights is cutest 'hood in the borough". New York Daily News. Retrieved January 8, 2013.
  • Hood, Clifton (July 13, 2004). 722 Miles: The Building of the Subways and How They Transformed New York. JHU Press. p. 173. ISBN 978-0-8018-8054-4. Retrieved January 8, 2013.
  • Jackson, Kenneth T., ed. (2010). The Encyclopedia of New York City (2nd ed.). New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 3100. ISBN 978-0-300-11465-2.
  • "Chapter 8: Jackson Heights, New York" (PDF). Retrieved May 22, 2015. Part of:
    • Philip Kasinitz; Mohamad Bazzi; Randal Doane (1998). "Cityscape". 4 (2). United States. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development. Office of Policy Development and Research. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  • Lindsay, David (May 30, 2005). Madness in the Making: The Triumphant Rise & Untimely Fall of America's Show Inventors. iUniverse. ISBN 978-0-595-34766-7. Retrieved January 8, 2013.
  • Maly, Michael (2005). Beyond Segregation: Multiracial And Multiethnic Neighborhoods. Temple University Press. ISBN 978-1-59213-135-8. Retrieved January 8, 2013.
  • New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission; Dolkart, Andrew S.; Postal, Matthew A. (2009). Postal, Matthew A. (ed.). Guide to New York City Landmarks (4th ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-470-28963-1.
  • Plunz, Richard (1990). A History of Housing in New York City: Dwelling Type and Social Change in the American Metropolis. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-06297-8. Retrieved January 8, 2013.
  • Shukla, Sandhya Rajendra (2003). India Abroad: Diasporic Cultures of Postwar America and England. Princeton University Press. p. 88. ISBN 978-0-691-09267-6. Retrieved January 8, 2013.
  • Urbanelli, Elisa; Robins, Anthony W. (October 19, 1993). "Jackson Heights Historic District" (PDF). New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission. Retrieved January 8, 2013.
  • White, Norval; Willensky, Elliot; Leadon, Fran (2010). AIA Guide to New York City (5th ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. p. 768. ISBN 978-0-19538-386-7.

Further reading

  • Bazzi, Mohamad. "Overlooked Treasures: Landmark Designations Are on the Rise in the 'Forgotten' Borough". Newsday, March 26, 1995.
  • Bazzi, Mohamad. "Civics Battle Local Legislator Over District Lines". Queens Tribune, March 20, 1992.
  • Cohen, Mark Francis. "Conformity and Commerce Collide". The New York Times, September 3, 1995.
  • Gans, Herbert. 1995 (1963). "Urbanism and Suburbanism as Ways of Life". In Metropolis. Philip Kasinitz (ed.). New York: New York University Press.
  • Goldberger, Paul. 1983. "Utopia by Bus and Subway". In On the Rise. Paul Goldberger (ed.). New York: Times Books.
  • Grecco, Rudolph, Jr. 1996. Jackson Heights: From Ice Age to Space Age: A Story for Children. New York: The Jackson Heights Beautification Group.
  • Jones-Correa, Michael. 1998. Between Two Worlds: The Political Predicament of Latinos in New York City. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
  • Karatzas, Daniel (1998). . Archived from the original on November 30, 2012. Retrieved August 13, 2012.
  • Kasinitz, Philip. 1988. "Neighborhood Change and Conflicts Over Definitions: The 'Gentrification' of 'Boerum Hill"", Qualitative Sociology 11 (3): 163–182.
  • Khandewal, Madhulika S. 1994. "Spatial Dimensions of Indian Immigrants in New York City, 1965–1990", in Nation and Migration: The Politics of Space in the South Asian Diaspora. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
  • Lowenhaupt, Tom. "Busing Can Sour Students on the Old Neighborhood". letter to the editor, The New York Times, January 14, 1996.
  • Massey, Douglas, and Nancy Denton. 1993. American Apartheid. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • McKnight, Tom. "Mystery Group Calls for Jackson Hts. Biz Boycott". Queens Chronicle, August 31, 1995.
  • "Protests After Death in Queens". The New York Times. December 4, 1995, City Section, p. 9.
  • Saunders, Jeffrey. 1995. "Why Landmarking Is Good for You". The Telegraph: The Newsletter of the Queensboro Preservation League 1 (2).
  • Zukin, Sharon. 1995. The Cultures of Cities. Cambridge, England: Basil Blackwell, Ltd.
  • Zukin, Sharon. 1991. Landscapes of Power. Berkeley: University of California Press.

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jackson Heights, Queens.
 
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Queens/Jackson Heights.
  • Community Board 3Q
  • Jackson Heights Wiki – A neighborhood controlled, collaborative medium.
  • About.com: Photos of Jackson Heights Historic District

Alliances

  • Jackson Heights Beautification Group
  • Jackson Heights Green Alliance
  • The Jackson Heights Food Group

January 20, 2023
jackson, heights, queens, jackson, heights, neighborhood, northwestern, portion, borough, queens, york, city, jackson, heights, neighbored, north, corona, east, elmhurst, south, woodside, west, northern, astoria, ditmars, steinway, northwest, east, elmhurst, n. Jackson Heights is a neighborhood in the northwestern portion of the borough of Queens in New York City Jackson Heights is neighbored by North Corona to the east Elmhurst to the south Woodside to the west northern Astoria Ditmars Steinway to the northwest and East Elmhurst to the north and northeast Jackson Heights has an ethnically diverse community with half the population having been foreign born since the 2000s The New York Times has described Jackson Heights as the most culturally diverse neighborhood in New York if not on the planet 4 According to the 2010 United States Census the neighborhood has a population of 108 152 2 Jackson HeightsNeighborhood of QueensLittle India on 74th Street in Jackson HeightsLocation within New York CityNote red area overlaps with East Elmhurst Country United StatesState New YorkCityNew York CityBoroughQueensCommunity DistrictQueens 3 1 Population 2010 2 Total108 152Ethnicity 3 Hispanic56 5 Asian22 0 White17 2 Black2 0 Other Multiracial2 3Time zoneUTC 5 EST Summer DST UTC 4 EDT ZIP Code11372 primary amp 11370 though often regarded more as part of East Elmhurst Area codes718 347 929 and 917Websitewww wbr jacksonheights wbr nyc link broken The site of Jackson Heights was a vast marsh named Trains Meadow until 1909 when Edward A MacDougall s Queensboro Corporation bought 325 acres 132 ha of undeveloped land and farms Jackson Heights Advertisement by The Queensboro CorporationThe Queensboro Corporation named the land Jackson Heights after John C Jackson a descendant of one of the original Queens families and a respected Queens entrepreneur Further development arose through the development of transit and garden apartments and garden homes soon became prevalent in Jackson Heights During the 1960s Jackson Heights white middle class families began moving to the suburbs and non white residents began moving in Jackson Heights retains much of its residential character in the modern day It also has numerous commercial establishments clustered around 37th Avenue as well as along several side streets served by subway stations Much of the neighborhood is part of a national historic district called the Jackson Heights Historic District which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999 Part of the neighborhood was placed on a New York City historic district of the same name in 1993 Jackson Heights is located in Queens Community District 3 and its ZIP Code is 11372 The zip code 11370 is co named with East Elmhurst 1 It is patrolled by the New York City Police Department s 115th Precinct 5 Politically Jackson Heights is represented by the New York City Council s 21st and 25th districts 6 Contents 1 History 1 1 Early history 1 2 Development 1 3 Social and demographic shifts 1 3 1 Ethnic tensions 1 3 2 Crime increases 1 4 Revitalization and 21st century 2 Land use 2 1 Historic district 2 2 Business district 2 2 1 Street food 2 3 Other buildings 3 Demographics 4 Culture 4 1 Community organizations 4 2 LGBTQ community 4 2 1 Early history 4 2 2 Murder of Julio Rivera 4 2 3 1990s to present 4 2 3 1 Incidents 5 Economy 6 Parks and recreation 7 Police and crime 8 Fire safety 9 Health 9 1 Incidents 10 Post offices and ZIP Codes 11 Education 11 1 Schools 11 2 Library 12 Houses of worship 13 Transportation 13 1 Public transportation 13 2 Roads 14 Notable residents 15 In popular culture 16 See also 17 References 17 1 Notes 17 2 Sources 18 Further reading 19 External linksHistory EditEarly history Edit From colonial times to the 1900s the area now known as Jackson Heights was a vast marsh named Trains Meadow 7 Urbanization at the turn of the century was creating a New York City housing shortage and urban sprawl In 1909 Edward A MacDougall s Queensboro Corporation bought 325 acres 132 ha of undeveloped land and farms and christened them Jackson Heights after John C Jackson a descendant of one of the original Queens families and a respected Queens County entrepreneur 8 9 10 Northern Boulevard a major thoroughfare that bisects the neighborhood was also originally named Jackson Avenue the name of this road is still retained in a short stretch between Queens Plaza and Queens Midtown Tunnel in Long Island City 11 Though the land was not especially known for its elevation the addition of the term Heights echoed the prestige of the neighborhood of Brooklyn Heights and indicated that Jackson Heights was meant to be an exclusive neighborhood 9 10 12 At that time the area could most easily be reached via a ferry from Manhattan or the Brooklyn Bridge 12 more direct access came with the Queensboro Bridge in 1909 13 followed by the elevated IRT Flushing Line the present day 7 train just 20 minutes from Midtown Manhattan in 1917 14 and the Fifth Avenue Coach Company double decker coaches in 1922 13 Development Edit Jackson Heights was conceived as a planned development for middle to upper middle income workers looking to escape an overcrowded Manhattan Inspired by Sir Ebenezer Howard s garden city movement 10 15 16 it was laid out by Edward MacDougall s Queensboro Corporation in 1916 and began attracting residents after the arrival of the Flushing Line in 1917 The Queensboro Corporation coined the name garden apartment to convey the concept of apartments built around private parks Although land for churches was provided the apartments themselves were limited to White Anglo Saxon Protestants 14 excluding Jews Blacks and perhaps Greeks and Italians 17 Several of the buildings in Jackson Heights were built by the Queensboro Corporation as part of a planned community located a few blocks off of the Flushing Line between Northern Boulevard and 37th Avenue 18 Targeted toward the middle class 19 these multi story apartment buildings designed in the Colonial Revival and neo Tudor styles were based on similar ones in Berlin 20 They were to share garden spaces 21 have ornate exteriors and features such as fireplaces parquet floors sun rooms and built in bathtubs with showers 22 and be cooperatively owned 21 In addition the corporation divided the land into blocks and building lots as well as installed streets sidewalks and power water and sewage lines 23 The Laurel apartment building on 82nd Street at Northern Boulevard was the first of the Queensboro Corporation buildings in Jackson Heights completed in 1914 with a small courtyard The Greystones on either side of 80th Street between 37th and 35th avenues were completed in 1918 with a design by architect George H Wells There was leftover unused space which was converted to parks gardens and recreational areas including a golf course much of this leftover space including the golf course no longer exists 24 This was followed by the 1919 construction of the Andrew J Thomas designed Linden Court a 10 building complex between 84th Street 85th Street 37th Avenue and Roosevelt Avenue 25 26 The two sets of 5 buildings each separated by a gated garden with linden trees and two pathways included parking spaces with single story garages accessed via narrow driveways the first Jackson Heights development to do so gaps at regular intervals in the perimeter wall a layout that provided light and ventilation to the apartments as well as fostered a sense of belonging to a community 27 the area s first co op 28 and now prevalent private gardens surrounded by the building blocks 29 The Hampton Gardens the Chateau and the Towers followed in the 1920s 30 The Chateau and the Towers both co ops on 34th Avenue had large airy apartments and were served by elevators 25 Prior to 1922 elevators were required to have attendants and more modest buildings were constructed as walk ups not exceeding five floors The elegant Chateau cooperative apartment complex with twelve buildings surrounding a shared garden was built in the French Renaissance style and have slate mansard roofs pierced by dormer windows and diaperwork brick walls 31 At first purely decorative the shared gardens in later developments included paved spaces where people could meet or sit 32 The Queensboro Corporation started the Ivy Court Cedar Court and Spanish Gardens projects all designed by Thomas in 1924 33 The Queensboro Corporation advertised their apartments from 1922 on 30 On August 28 1922 the Queensboro Corporation paid 50 to the WEAF radio station to broadcast a ten minute sales pitch for apartments in Jackson Heights 34 in what may have been the first infomercial opening with a few words about Nathaniel Hawthorne before promoting the corporation s Nathaniel Hawthorne apartments 35 The ad wanted viewers to seek the recreation and the daily comfort of the home removed from the congested part of the city right at the boundaries of God s great outdoors and within a few minutes by subway from the business section of Manhattan The cry of the heart is for more living room more chance to unfold more opportunity to get near Mother Earth to play to romp to plant and to dig Let me enjoin upon you as you value your health and your hopes and your home happiness get away from the solid masses of brick where your children grow up starved for a run over a patch of grass and the sight of a tree 36 Built in 1928 the English Gables line 82nd Street the main shopping area of Jackson Heights Hispanic community There are two developments called English Gables I and II they were meant to provide a gateway to the neighborhood for commercial traffic and for passengers from the 82nd Street Jackson Heights station 11 A year later the Robert Morris Apartments on 37th Avenue between 79th and 80th streets were constructed Named after Robert Morris a signer of the United States Declaration of Independence the apartments have ample green spaces original high ceilings and fireplaces and are relatively expensive 11 37 During the Depression two new buildings were built Ravenna Court on 37th Avenue between 80th and 81st streets built in 1929 and Georgian Court three blocks east between 83rd and 84th streets built in 1930 7 The Queensboro Corporation began to build on land that until then had been kept open for community use including the tennis courts community garden 38 and the former golf course located between 76th and 78th streets and 34th and 37th avenues all of which were built upon during the 1940s and 1950s 30 The corporation also began erecting traditional six story apartment buildings Dunolly Gardens the last garden apartment designed by Andrew Thomas was an exception a modernistic group of six buildings completed in 1939 39 The corner windows considered very innovative in the 1930s gave the apartments a more spacious feeling and the landscaped interior courtyard is one of the largest in the historic district 40 After the 1940s Jackson Heights real estate was diversified with more apartment buildings and cooperatives built with elevators some new transportation infrastructure were also built 30 In 1929 Holmes Airport opened in the northern section of Jackson Heights that is also considered to be a part of East Elmhurst 41 Bordering St Michaels Cemetery to the west the airfield was also called the Grand Central Air Terminal and Grand Central Airport 42 Holmes Airport shut down in 1940 one year after LaGuardia Airport opened 43 Social and demographic shifts Edit The neighborhood grew steadily from the 1920s to the 1950s with construction slowing during the Depression and booming back again after World War II 44 Holmes Airport operated from 1929 to 1940 on 220 acres 89 ha adjacent to the community Later its land became veterans housing and the Bulova watch factory site 45 Ethnic tensions Edit By 1930 artists from the Manhattan theater district many of whom were homosexual had moved into the area forming the beginnings of the second largest LGBTQ community in New York outside of Manhattan 46 47 Jews were allowed to move in by the 1940s In the 1950s middle class businessmen from Colombia escaping violence and repression in Latin America brought their financial capital and their families to the community 9 Following the development of Long Island in the 1960s Jackson Heights white middle class families began moving further out into the suburbs 9 At the same time the neighborhood experienced an influx of ethnically diverse professionals from Latin America and the Indian subcontinent taking advantage of the 1965 Immigration Reform Act which allowed them to arrange the immigration of their families 9 48 White residents resistance to integration with African Americans continued late into the decade and Junction Boulevard came to be called the Mason Dixon Line as it divided Jackson Heights from the black communities in East Elmhurst and Corona 46 Crime increases Edit By the mid 1970s Roosevelt Avenue had become the neighborhood s commercial center and also gained national attention as a place for organized crime A 1993 New York Times article detailed how wire transfer services located in Jackson Heights inadvertently enabled Colombian cartels to repatriate and in the process launder millions of dollars in drug money to South America alongside customers who used the service to transfer legally earned money 49 The violence that ensued as a result of the growing Jackson Heights illegal drug trade was described by this excerpt from a 1978 New York magazine article titled Gunfights in the Cocaine Corral Over the past three years in this nice quiet neighborhood 27 people have been killed and dozens have been injured The violence spreads to surround neighborhoods as cops and prosecutors fight a losing battle Double and triple homicides go unsolved 50 By the late 1980s Jackson Heights had rising real estate values and a moderate amount of crime compared to other city neighborhoods 51 Nevertheless there were still high profile crimes that reinforced perceptions of the neighborhood as dangerous In 1990 Julio Rivera a gay Puerto Rican man was murdered in a hate crime His death galvanized the LGBTQ community into protesting his death with a candlelight vigil the formation of several LGBTQ activist groups and the foundation of the Queens Pride Parade 52 Two years later journalist Manuel de Dios Unanue was murdered after authoring articles in El Diario La Prensa about the proliferation of Colombian cartels embedded within the business community along Roosevelt Avenue 53 Seeking to distance themselves from the portrayal of Jackson Heights as a crime ridden neighborhood some residents argued that de Dios had been technically murdered in the neighboring Elmhurst as the restaurant where he was attacked was on the south side of Roosevelt Avenue 46 Following the reduction of crime in New York City during the late 1990s the market for illicit substances that fed the Colombian cocaine industry in Jackson Heights eventually decreased leading to a reduction in the presence of cartels throughout the neighborhood 54 55 Revitalization and 21st century Edit Community leaders responded to the negative perceptions of Jackson Heights by seeking to have the neighborhood designated as a historic district In 1988 the Jackson Heights Beautification Group was formed it organized walking tours as well as beautification activities and commissioned a neighborhood history 10 Five years later part of Jackson Heights was made a New York City historic district 56 The designation which set architectural guidelines for structures within the designated district affected both existing buildings and planned new developments within the district 57 Starting in the 2000s Jackson Heights has become once again a desirable destination for professionals and middle class families Some of these residents moved to Jackson Heights for the unique architecture of its buildings while others move for its cultural diversity 16 58 Land use EditHistoric district Edit Jackson Heights Historic DistrictU S National Register of Historic PlacesU S Historic districtNYC Landmark No 1831 Residential street in Jackson Heights District position on New York City mapLocationBounded by Roosevelt Ave Broadway Leverich St 70 St Northern Blvd and Junction Blvd Queens NYCCoordinates40 45 5 N 73 53 13 W 40 75139 N 73 88694 W 40 75139 73 88694 Coordinates 40 45 5 N 73 53 13 W 40 75139 N 73 88694 W 40 75139 73 88694Area300 acres 120 ha Architectural styleLate 19th and 20th Century RevivalsNRHP reference No 99000059 59 NYCL No 1831Significant datesAdded to NRHPJanuary 27 1999Designated NYCLOctober 19 1993Most of the original neighborhood comprising the garden city apartment buildings was made a National Register Historic District and a New York State Historic Register District The Jackson Heights New York State and National Register Districts range from 93rd Street through 69th Street between Northern Boulevard and Roosevelt Avenue Some property fronting on Northern Boulevard and Roosevelt Avenue as well as some cut outs are not inside the Register Districts The national historic district called the Jackson Heights Historic District includes 2 203 contributing buildings 19 contributing sites and three contributing objects Among the landmarked buildings over 200 original Queensboro Corporation apartment buildings still exist in Jackson Heights 60 It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999 59 Almost six hundred buildings in the neighborhood 57 a rectangle stretching roughly from 76th to 88th Streets and from Roosevelt Avenue almost up to Northern Boulevard were designated as a New York City Historic District by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission on October 19 1993 56 61 It comprises large apartment buildings with private communal gardens as well as many groupings of private homes and many stores on the streets surrounding Roosevelt Avenue 62 63 Unlike the State and National Districts the local designation comes with aesthetic protections In addition to the Jackson Heights Historic District the Lent Homestead and Cemetery and Jackson Heights post office are listed on the National Register of Historic Places 59 Business district Edit The main retail thoroughfare is 37th Avenue from 72nd Street to Junction Boulevard with more retail on 73rd 74th and 82nd streets between 37th and Roosevelt avenues 64 Stores and restaurants on and near 74th Street tend to cater to the large population from the Indian subcontinent in the neighborhood with sari and jewelry stores Indian and Bengali music and movie retailers and many restaurants 65 37th Avenue contains a wide mix of retailers including many grocery stores and 82nd Street contains many national chain stores located in Tudor style buildings in the Jackson Heights Historic District 11 South American retailers and eateries predominantly from Colombia and Peru dominate Northern Boulevard from 80th Street east to the border of neighboring Corona at Junction Boulevard Roosevelt Avenue is also lined with various mainly Hispanic retail stores Street food Edit Street vendor in Jackson Heights Along Roosevelt Avenue from 74th to 108th Streets street food from all over the world is made and sold though food carts are currently dominated by the Mexican community 66 Typical cart food includes Bengali fuchka phuchka Middle Eastern lamb over rice Nepalese momo Colombian chuzos and arepas Greek souvlaki Ecuadorian ceviche Thai steamed chicken over rice and Mexican elotes corn on a cob tacos homemade tamales filled with meats cheese fruits or even chilies and fruit batidos or aguas frescas smoothies as well as South American sweet churros 67 68 In a 2017 episode of his show Parts Unknown American chef Anthony Bourdain visited several Queens eateries profiling Evelia Coyotzi who sells tamales in a street cart on Junction Boulevard the border between Jackson Heights and neighboring Corona Bourdain learned about Coyotzi a Mexican immigrant who spoke no English through the Street Vendor Project which advocates for New York City street vendors 69 70 71 Other buildings Edit Eagle Theater Most housing units in Jackson Heights are apartments in multi unit buildings many of which are five or six stories Many of these buildings are co ops some are rentals and a few are condominiums There are also a number of one to three family houses most of which are attached row houses 18 34th and 35th avenues as well as most side streets between 37th Avenue and Northern Boulevard are residential A section of 90th Street between 30th Avenue and Northern Boulevard was privately developed separately from the Queensboro Corporation The structures on that stretch of 90th Street are mostly Tudor buildings 11 There were five historic movie theaters in Jackson Heights which are all currently either repurposed or closed 11 The Art Deco Earle Theater opened in 1936 on 37th Road between 73rd and 74th streets was a neighborhood movie theater before becoming a porn theater and then with the name changed to Eagle a Bollywood theater before a strike in the Bollywood industry caused the theater to close permanently in 2009 11 it is now a food court selling cuisine of the Indian subcontinent 72 The Fair Theatre located in the area that overlaps with East Elmhurst opened in 1939 at Astoria Boulevard and 90th Street became a porn theater 11 The Polk Theater on 37th formerly Polk Avenue and 93rd Street opened in 1938 and closed in 2006 also was a porn theater during its later years before it was demolished in 2008 11 73 The Colony Theater on 82nd Street north of Roosevelt Avenue opened in 1935 and closed in 1991 The Jackson afterwards an Indian owned theater under the name of the Jackson Heights Cinema on 82nd Street south of Roosevelt Avenue was demolished in March 2017 74 Finally the Boulevard Theater on Northern Boulevard and 83rd Street is now a Latin American restaurant of the same name Demographics EditBased on data from the 2010 United States Census the population of Jackson Heights was 108 152 a decrease of 5 175 4 6 from the 113 327 counted in 2000 Covering an area of 1 101 36 acres 445 70 ha the neighborhood had a population density of 98 2 inhabitants per acre 62 800 sq mi 24 300 km2 2 The racial makeup of the neighborhood was 17 2 18 567 White 2 0 2 210 African American 0 1 145 Native American 22 0 23 781 Asian 0 0 9 Pacific Islander 0 5 583 from other races and 1 6 1 736 from two or more races Hispanic or Latino of any race were 56 5 61 121 of the population 3 The entirety of Queens Community District 3 which comprises Jackson Heights as well as East Elmhurst and North Corona had 179 844 inhabitants as of NYC Health s 2018 Community Health Profile with an average life expectancy of 84 7 years 75 2 20 This is higher than the median life expectancy of 81 2 for all New York City neighborhoods 76 53 PDF p 84 77 Most inhabitants are middle aged adults and youth 22 are between the ages of 0 17 32 between 25 and 44 and 24 between 45 and 64 The ratio of college aged and elderly residents was lower at 9 and 12 respectively 75 2 As of 2017 the median household income in Community Board 3 was 56 601 78 In 2018 an estimated 25 of Jackson Heights residents lived in poverty compared to 19 in all of Queens and 20 in all of New York City One in fourteen residents 7 were unemployed compared to 8 in Queens and 9 in New York City Rent burden or the percentage of residents who have difficulty paying their rent is 59 in Jackson Heights slightly higher than the boroughwide and citywide rates of 53 and 51 respectively Based on this calculation as of 2018 update Jackson Heights is considered to be high income relative to the rest of the city and not gentrifying 75 7 However in 2017 nearly 11 of households in Jackson Heights were severely overcrowded defined as households in which there are more than 1 5 household members for each room excluding bathrooms in the unit making it the second most overcrowded neighborhood in the city behind only Elmhurst to the south 79 The 2020 census data from New York City Department of City Planning showed that there were 54 300 Hispanic residents 27 600 Asian residents there were between 10 000 to 19 999 White residents and less than 5000 Black residents 80 81 Culture Edit Chiva Bus during Colombian Independence celebration Jackson Heights is among the most diverse neighborhoods in New York City and the nation Half of the population was foreign born by the 2000s 10 Jackson Heights is home to large numbers of South Americans particularly Colombian Ecuadorian and Argentinian Indians Pakistanis Tibetans Nepalese and Bangladeshis Because of its large and vibrant Tibetan community it has been called the second if unofficial capital of the exile Tibetan world after Dharamsala India 82 Most businesses are Asian and Latino owned and there are restaurants bakeries specialty shops legal offices bars and beauty salons There is a Little India on 74th Street and a Little Pakistan and Little Bangladesh on 73rd Street 83 There is also a large concentration of South Americans east of 77th Street especially a Little Colombia along 37th Avenue 83 Jackson Heights was heavily Colombian during the 1980s but other immigrant groups have settled in the area notably Mexicans Many of the displaced Colombians have moved to adjacent areas such as Elmhurst East Elmhurst Corona College Point and Flushing Queens County still has the largest concentration of Colombians in the United States of any county roughly 135 000 Scrabble street sign The 2015 documentary In Jackson Heights portrays Jackson Heights as a microcosm of the American melting pot 84 The word game Scrabble was co invented by former architect Alfred Mosher Butts who lived in Jackson Heights 85 86 There is a street sign at 35th Avenue and 81st Street that is stylized using letters with their values in Scrabble as a subscript it was originally erected in 1995 87 but after the sign disappeared in 2008 88 a replacement was put up in 2011 89 Community organizations Edit The Jackson Heights Garden City Society is a historical society whose founders include local historians the Queens Borough Historian and local activists They created and oversee the Jackson Heights Garden City Trail and publish a walking guidebook to Jackson Heights They also collect artifacts of the community Periodically the Society testifies before the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission on issues of concern to the community The 82nd Street Partnership is responsible for the business improvement of the area 90 In addition Colombian broadcaster RCN TV has its US American headquarters in the neighborhood reflecting the sizable Colombian population in the area There is a year round greenmarket every Sunday morning at Travers Park as well as various family oriented spring and summer concerts LGBTQ community Edit Early history Edit Senior Citizens marching in the 2018 Queens Pride Parade In the 1920s LGBT actors working in the 42nd Street theater scene decided to make their homes in Jackson Heights due to the lack of affordability of Manhattan neighborhoods and the easy accessibility of the 7 train That was the beginning of what is now the second largest gay community in New York City 91 Until the 1990s LGBT activities in Jackson Heights were usually held surreptitiously and at night due to a constant fear of backlash As the neighborhood continued to grow more spaces for the gay community were added One of those was the Queens Center for Gay Seniors which was created using grant money and is still the only senior center in Queens serving the LGBT community specifically 92 93 Murder of Julio Rivera Edit The LGBT community became a movement after the 1990 murder of Julio Rivera a 29 year old bartender who worked at the Magic Touch gay bar Rivera was raised in the Bronx but tried to avoid the violence of the streets there and moved to Jackson Heights as a young adult On the night of July 2 three men cornered Rivera in a schoolyard that was known as a gay cruising area and beat him with a hammer and beer bottle and then stabbed him 94 At the beginning of the case the police department categorized the assault as drug related because Rivera had been a longtime cocaine user and they found traces of cocaine on his body However after Rivera s friends and relatives advocated for the case to be examined further the NYPD concluded that Rivera s death had been an anti gay crime and the three men involved were charged with murder and manslaughter 95 96 If it wasn t for Julio the Queens LGBT movement would not have gotten as far as it has gotten Julio did not die in vain He changed people s lives City Councilmember Daniel Dromm 2015 97 Julio Rivera This was the first real standing for justice and honor for the LGBT community in Queens The resulting activism led to the Gay and Lesbian Anti Violence Project a social services agency that helps monitor any type of criminal acts against the community citywide Rivera s sister in law was elected as the AVP for the LGBT board Union helped improve the relationship between the Police Department and Jackson Heights LGBT community and helped with supervision against violence In 2000 the corner of 78th Street and 37th Avenue where Rivera was killed was renamed in his memory 95 98 99 and a documentary Julio of Jackson Heights was made about his murder 96 100 1990s to present Edit Since the 1990s the LGBTQ community in Jackson Heights has not only grown in number but also expanded its diversity and cultures The Inaugural Queens Lesbian and Gay Parade and Block Party Festival organized by Daniel Dromm and Maritza Martinez took place on June 6 1993 in Jackson Heights marking a watershed in LGBTQ history Some 1 000 marchers participated and thousands of spectators attended More than a dozen LGBTQ organizations sponsored the event In 1994 Dromm and activist Wayne Mahlke organized the Lesbian and Gay Democratic Club of Queens the only LGBT independent Democratic club in the Borough of Queens 101 That same year the Queens Pride Parade commemorated the 25th anniversary of the Stonewall riots In 1995 Ed Sedarbaum established the SAGE Queens Clubhouse the first senior citizens program in Queens to provide outreach to LGBTQ elderly In 1999 an estimated 40 000 people attend the Queens Pride Parade with some 70 community groups registered 102 Daniel Dromm and Jimmy Van Bramer were elected to the New York City Council on November 3 2009 representing respectively the 25th and 26th districts in Queens 103 Both City Council members are openly gay 104 Incidents Edit On August 15 2001 Edgar Garzon a gay man was murdered in an incident that the Queens district attorney characterized as a possible hate crime The murder quickly faded from public attention after the September 11 attacks a month later In 2006 John L McGhee was charged with Garzon s murder 105 On June 3 2018 25 year old school teacher Brandon Soriano was attacked by two men following the 2018 Pride Parade in what has been deemed a hate crime 106 107 Five days later a Latina transgender woman was allegedly stabbed repeatedly a few blocks away 108 Economy EditUS Bangla Airlines formerly had its U S offices in the Bangladesh Plaza building in Jackson Heights 109 Parks and recreation EditTravers Park is the main local playground It has a variety of sports including basketball tennis baseball soccer and handball 37 In recent years a farmers market was expanded to a year round presence 110 Renovations completed in October 2020 eliminated much of the space previously used for sports and replaced it with lawn and seating space 111 112 Prior to expansion the P S 69 school yard offered baseball fields a stickball field a handball court and three tennis courts Con Edison sponsored several summer tennis camps at P S 69 s school yard from 1982 to 1992 In 1998 P S 69 built an annex to compensate for the booming population of children in Jackson Heights and the public access to the school yard was removed However on November 30 2011 then Mayor Michael Bloomberg and other city officials opened the 200th Schoolyard to Playground at P S 69 as a part of the PlaNYC initiative to ensure all New Yorkers live within a 10 minute walk of a park or playground the program is turning schoolyards into playgrounds in neighborhoods across the city 113 Police and crime EditJackson Heights is patrolled by the 115th Precinct of the NYPD located at 92 15 Northern Boulevard 5 The 115th Precinct was ranked 20th safest out of 69 patrol areas for per capita crime in 2010 Crime has declined significantly since the late 20th century when the area was known as the cocaine capital of New York City 114 As of 2018 update with a non fatal assault rate of 33 per 100 000 people Jackson Heights s rate of violent crimes per capita is less than that of the city as a whole The incarceration rate of 342 per 100 000 people is lower than that of the city as a whole 75 8 The 115th Precinct has a lower crime rate than in the 1990s with crimes across all categories having decreased by 85 0 between 1990 and 2019 The precinct reported 11 murders 42 rapes 246 robberies 344 felony assaults 125 burglaries 520 grand larcenies and 128 grand larcenies auto in 2019 115 Fire safety EditJackson Heights is served by two New York City Fire Department FDNY fire stations 116 Engine Co 307 Ladder Co 154 is located at 81 19 Northern Boulevard 117 Another fire station Engine Co 316 is located at 27 12 Kearney Street in East Elmhurst 118 Health EditAs of 2018 update preterm births are about the same in Jackson Heights as in other places citywide but births to teenage mothers are more common In Jackson Heights there were 86 preterm births per 1 000 live births compared to 87 per 1 000 citywide and 27 9 births to teenage mothers per 1 000 live births compared to 19 3 per 1 000 citywide 75 11 Jackson Heights has a high population of residents who are uninsured In 2018 this population of uninsured residents was estimated to be 28 which is higher than the citywide rate of 12 75 14 The concentration of fine particulate matter the deadliest type of air pollutant in Jackson Heights is 0 0073 milligrams per cubic metre 7 3 10 9 oz cu ft lower than the city average 75 9 Thirteen percent of Jackson Heights residents are smokers which is slightly lower than the city average of 14 of residents being smokers 75 13 In Jackson Heights 20 of residents are obese 13 are diabetic and 29 have high blood pressure compared to the citywide averages of 20 14 and 24 respectively 75 16 In addition 26 of children are obese compared to the citywide average of 20 75 12 Eighty six percent of residents eat some fruits and vegetables every day which is slightly lower than the city s average of 87 In 2018 72 of residents described their health as good very good or excellent lower than the city s average of 78 75 13 For every supermarket in Jackson Heights there are 17 bodegas Jackson Heights also has two farmer s markets 75 10 The nearest large hospital in the Jackson Heights area is the Elmhurst Hospital Center in Elmhurst 119 Incidents Edit In 2020 the neighborhoods of Corona East Elmhurst Elmhurst and Jackson Heights were most affected by the COVID 19 pandemic in New York City 120 As of August 10 update these communities with a cumulative 303 494 residents had recorded 12 954 COVID 19 cases and 1 178 deaths 121 COVID 19 cases in ZIP Code 11372 were among the highest of any ZIP Code in New York City 122 Post offices and ZIP Codes EditJackson Heights is covered by multiple ZIP Codes The area between Northern Boulevard and Roosevelt Avenue is covered by 11372 while the areas north of Northern Boulevard which are considered primarily to be a part of the East Elmhurst neighborhood are covered by 11370 west of 85th Street an area stretching north to Astoria and Rikers Island and 11369 east of 85th Street ZIP Code 11371 is assigned to LaGuardia Airport 123 The United States Post Office operates three locations in Jackson Heights Jackson Heights Station 78 02 37th Avenue 124 Junction Boulevard Station 33 23 Junction Boulevard 125 Trainsmeadow Station 75 77 31st Avenue 126 Education Edit PS 212 Jackson Heights generally has a lower ratio of college educated residents than the rest of the city as of 2018 update While 27 of residents age 25 and older have a college education or higher 30 have less than a high school education and 47 are high school graduates or have some college education By contrast 39 of Queens residents and 43 of city residents have a college education or higher 75 6 The percentage of Jackson Heights students excelling in math rose from 41 in 2000 to 65 in 2011 and reading achievement rose from 46 to 49 during the same time period 127 Jackson Heights s rate of elementary school student absenteeism is less than the rest of New York City In Jackson Heights 12 of elementary school students missed twenty or more days per school year lower than the citywide average of 20 76 24 PDF p 55 75 6 Additionally 78 of high school students in Jackson Heights graduate on time more than the citywide average of 75 75 6 Schools Edit New York City Department of Education operates public schools Schools in Jackson Heights include P S 69 Jackson Heights School 128 P S 149 Christa McAuliffe School 129 P S 212 130 P S 222 FF Christopher A Santora School 131 I S 145 Joseph Pulitzer School 132 P S 152 and I S 230 Charter schools include the Pre K 12 school Renaissance Charter School 133 Private schools in the neighborhood include Saint Joan of Arc School Pre K3 to 8 grade Our Lady of Fatima School Pre K to 8 grade Monsignor McClancy Memorial High School a school which turned co ed by the end of the 2012 school year though technically located in East Elmhurst Garden School a private non profit 501 c 3 independent school within Jackson Heights enrolls 300 students from grades Nursery Grade 12 82nd Street Academics a non profit 501 c 3 educational institution is housed at the Community United Methodist Church of Jackson Heights Since 2003 it has been a community based Universal Pre Kindergarten provider under contract with the New York Department of Education 134 135 Library Edit The Queens Public Library s Jackson Heights branch is located at 35 51 81st Street 136 Houses of worship EditThe community is home to various houses of worship from a wide array of religions The Community United Methodist Church located between 81st and 82nd streets on 35th Avenue 37 is the oldest Church in Jackson Heights Founded in 1919 it was dedicated in 1923 137 as part of Queensboro Corporation s planned development 9 Originally serving the spiritual needs of European American Protestant residents it is now the most diverse church in Queens with Chinese Korean Spanish and English services 9 Reverend Austin Armistead who led the church from 1974 to 1995 is credited for the church s racial and cultural change Prior to his arrival in 1974 the suggestion of the Spanish speaking service had been rejected Armistead made the decision to remake the church with a vision of mirroring the neighborhood and so divided the church into four different ministries the church also came to serve as common ground for a range of community groups from ethnic associations to LGBTQ organizations to nonprofits like the Jackson Heights Beautification Group 138 Satya Narayan Mandir located at NE corner of 76 street and Woodside Avenue is the oldest Hindu Sikhism combination temple in the United States and it claims the Americas It was incorporated in 1987 139 Saint Joan of Arc Catholic Church located between 82nd and 83rd Street on 35th Avenue was the first Catholic church to be named in honor of a newly canonized French Saint 140 Muhammadi Community Center located at 37 46 72nd Street serves the Muslim population of Jackson Heights since 1995 Its head and founder is Imam Qazi Qayyoom 141 St Mark s Episcopal Church located on 34th Avenue between 81st and 82nd streets within the Jackson Heights Historic District the church offers bilingual worship It was established in 1923 as part of Queensboro Corporation s planned development In 1993 it was designated by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission 142 Jackson Heights Elmhurst Kehillah located in the lower level of the Jackson Heights Jewish Center at 77th Street at the corner of 37th Avenue provides all manner of services for all residents of Jackson Heights Elmhurst and western Queens 143 Iglesia La Luz Del Mundo Bible Baptist church of Jackson Heights Blessed Sacrament Church Orthodox American Church Iglesia Cristiana De Restauracion Jehova Nisi The Korean Church Of Queens New York Hindu Sanatan Inc Grace Community Church Atonement Lutheran Church amp Pre School Our Lady of Fatima Church East Elmhurst Evangelistic Church Our Lord Immanuel Baptist Saint Mark s Espiscopal Church The Salvation Army Queens Temple Corps Community Center St Joan Of Arc Rc Community United Methodist Ray Of Hope Church Saint Constantine amp Helen Greek Orthodox Church Perfect Liberty ChurchTransportation EditPublic transportation Edit The intersection of 75th Street and Roosevelt Avenue under the elevated IRT Flushing Line 7 train The following New York City Subway stations serve Jackson Heights 144 Jackson Heights Roosevelt Avenue 74th Street 7 E F lt F gt M and R trains 82nd Street Jackson Heights 7 train 90th Street Elmhurst Avenue 7 train Junction Boulevard 7 train The following MTA Regional Bus Operations bus routes serve Jackson Heights 145 Q32 to Pennsylvania Station in Midtown Manhattan via Roosevelt Avenue and 81st 82nd Streets Q33 to East Elmhurst via 82nd 83rd Streets Q47 to LaGuardia Marine Air Terminal or Glendale via 73rd 74th Streets Q49 to East Elmhurst via 35th Avenue and 89th 90th 92nd Streets Q53 SBS to 61st Street Woodside 7 and lt 7 gt trains Woodside LIRR or Rockaway Park Beach 116th Street A and S trains via Roosevelt Avenue and Broadway Q66 to Queensboro Plaza 7 lt 7 gt N and W trains or Flushing Main Street 7 and lt 7 gt trains via Northern Boulevard Q70 SBS to 61st Street Woodside 7 and lt 7 gt trains Woodside LIRR or LaGuardia Airport Terminals B C D via Roosevelt Avenue Broadway and Brooklyn Queens Expressway Q72 to 63rd Drive Rego Park M and R trains or LaGuardia Airport Terminals B C D via Junction BoulevardThe Jackson Heights Roosevelt Avenue 74th Street station is a transportation hub where the subway s 7 E F lt F gt M and R trains and the Q32 Q33 Q47 Q49 Q53 SBS and Q70 SBS buses converge 145 The MTA spent over 100 million on renovations to the Jackson Heights bus terminal which were completed in 2005 146 It includes one of the first green buildings in the MTA system the Victor A Moore Bus Terminal which is partially powered by solar panels built into the roof These are located along the length of the sheds above the Flushing Line platforms 146 48 The terminal as is the Victor Moore Arcade which it replaced is named after Jackson Heights resident Victor Moore a Broadway and film actor from the era of silent film to the 1950s 146 Roads Edit Interstate 278 Brooklyn Queens Expressway New York State Route 25A Northern Boulevard and the Grand Central Parkway in the East Elmhurst area are major roads in the area LaGuardia Airport in neighboring East Elmhurst is nearby 145 Eleven percent of roads in Jackson Heights have bike lanes similar to the rate in the city overall 75 10 These lanes part of the city s bikeway system exist on 34th Avenue as well as on 74th and 75th streets between 34th Avenue and 37th Road There is also a short one block bike lane connector on 37th Road between 74th and 75th streets 147 Notable residents EditNadia Ali born 1980 Arab American singer songwriter citation needed Alene S Ammond 1933 2019 politician known as The Terror of Trenton who served in the New Jersey Senate from the 6th Legislative District from 1974 to 1978 148 Alfred Mosher Butts 1899 1993 invented Scrabble in 1938 and perfected it at Community Methodist Church 149 150 Chester Carlson 1906 1968 invented Xerox copy machine in his Jackson Heights kitchen 151 Robert P Casey 1932 2000 Governor of Pennsylvania from 1987 to 1995 152 Lady Catiria 1959 1999 drag performer 153 Charlie Chaplin 1899 1977 silent film actor 51 Thom Christopher born 1940 longtime actor on One Life to Live 154 Eleanor Clift born 1940 Newsweek contributing editor and regular panelist on The McLaughlin Group 155 Montgomery Clift 1920 1966 actor moved to Jackson Heights with his family in 1933 and lived in The Chateau apartments 156 Ray Dalio born 1949 founder of Bridgewater Associates 157 Alan M Davis born 1949 professor and author citation needed David Diosa born 1992 footballer for the Richmond Kickers in USL League One 158 Edward Djerejian born 1939 diplomat former United States Ambassador to Syria and Israel and Assistant Secretary of State citation needed Albert K Dawson 1885 1967 photojournalist and cinematographer during the First World War living at 3564 89th Street Jackson Heights between 1928 1967 Kevin Dobson 1943 2020 actor known for his roles on Kojak and Knots Landing 159 Alfred Eisenstaedt 1898 1995 photographer lived in Jackson Heights for many years 160 Douglas Fairbanks 1883 1939 actor screenwriter director and producer 51 Rima Fakih born 1985 Miss USA 2010 161 Calvin Fixx 1906 1950 editor at Time magazine 162 Dave Fleming born 1969 MLB pitcher who spent most of his career with the Seattle Mariners 163 Paul D Ginsberg born 1962 President of Roark Capital Group citation needed Arthur Googy born 1961 as Joseph McGuckin original drummer for the band The Misfits citation needed Bobby Hackett 1915 1976 trumpet player who played with Henry Mancini Benny Goodman and Louis Armstrong Ed Hayes born 1947 influential lawyer journalist and memoirist 164 Helen Kane 1904 1966 singer known for her baby talk version of I Wanna Be Loved by You and model for Betty Boop 165 Evelyn Fox Keller born 1936 physicist author and feminist who is Professor Emerita of History and Philosophy of Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology 166 Richard Kline born 1944 actor who played Jack s friend Larry on Three s Company 167 John Leguizamo born 1964 comedian actor 168 Willy Ley 1906 1969 space writer and theorist 169 Peter Anthony Libasci born 1951 Tenth Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester 170 Lucy Liu born 1968 actress 171 Clive Lythgoe 1927 2006 classical pianist 172 John McWhorter born 1965 linguist and author 173 Victor Moore 1876 1962 actor 174 Billy Murcia 1954 1972 original drummer for the New York Dolls 175 Carroll O Connor 1924 2001 actor director producer 51 Colby O Donis born 1989 pop and R amp B singer songwriter guitarist producer and actor citation needed Jakiw Palij 1923 2019 former Nazi concentration camp guard emigrated to U S in 1949 deported in 2018 at age of 95 176 Les Paul 1915 2009 jazz guitarist and guitar innovator 177 Duncan Penwarden 1880 1930 actor 178 Joe Quesada born 1962 Editor in Chief of Marvel Comics 179 Tommy Rettig 1941 1996 actor who appeared on the 1950s Lassie television series 180 Don Rickles 1926 2017 comedian 181 Robert Tripp Ross 1903 1981 Congressman and former Assistant Secretary of Defense from 1954 to 1957 182 Mercedes Ruehl born 1948 actress 183 Zoe Saldana born 1978 actress 184 Susan Sarandon born 1946 actress 185 Eddie August Schneider 1911 1940 record setting early aviator 186 Walter Sear 1930 2010 audio engineer 187 Gene Simmons born 1949 of the rock group Kiss 188 Howard Stern born 1954 host of The Howard Stern Show 189 Bruce Sussman born 1949 songwriter best known for his work with Barry Manilow 190 Maria Terrone poet and writer 191 192 Sada Thompson 1927 2011 award winning actress 193 Johnny Thunders 1952 1991 of the New York Dolls citation needed Waddy Wachtel born 1947 session guitarist 194 Raees Warsi born 1963 Urdu poet writer and TV anchor citation needed Helene White born 1954 federal judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit 195 In popular culture EditMuch of the Alfred Hitchcock film The Wrong Man 1956 takes place within a few blocks of the intersection of Broadway and 74th Street 196 The theme song of the TV show Car 54 Where Are You 1961 63 has a line that goes There s a traffic jam in Harlem that s backed up to Jackson Heights 197 Ingrid Bergman s character Stephanie Dickinson in the movie Cactus Flower 1969 lives in Jackson Heights In Cagney amp Lacey 1988 the fictional character Mary Beth Lacey and her family live in an apartment in Jackson Heights 198 In Coming to America 1988 the fictional singer Randy Watson is referred to as Jackson Heights own Jackson Heights is mentioned in Del Amitri s song Surface of the Moon from the 1992 album Change Everything Part of The Usual Suspects 1995 was filmed in Jackson Heights around 34th Avenue and 82nd Street Portions of Random Hearts 1999 were filmed in Jackson Heights on 35th Avenue between 76th and 77th streets Major portions of the Academy Award nominated Maria Full of Grace 2004 were filmed on location in Jackson Heights It is also the setting for the TV show Ugly Betty 2006 10 where Betty and her family live 199 Parts of director James Gray s We Own the Night 2007 were filmed between 32nd Avenue and 31st Avenue on 84th Street The eponymous Pakistani drama Jackson Heights is set in this neighborhood and deals with the lives of Pakistanis living in New York City 200 In season 5 of AMC s Mad Men 2012 Ken Cosgrove and his family reside in Jackson Heights The documentary film In Jackson Heights 2015 by Frederick Wiseman explores the diversity of people in the neighborhood 201 The HBO series The Night Of 2016 was partially filmed around 37th Avenue and 74rd Street 202 See also Edit New York City portalReferences EditNotes Edit a b NYC Planning Community Profiles communityprofiles planning nyc gov New York City Department of City Planning Retrieved April 7 2018 a b c Table PL P5 NTA Total Population and Persons Per Acre New York City Neighborhood Tabulation Areas 2010 Archived June 10 2016 at the Wayback Machine Population Division New York City Department of City Planning February 2012 Accessed June 16 2016 a b Table PL P3A NTA Total Population by Mutually Exclusive Race and Hispanic Origin New York City Neighborhood Tabulation Areas 2010 Archived June 10 2016 at the Wayback Machine Population Division New York City Department of City Planning March 29 2011 Accessed June 14 2016 Kimmelman Michael August 28 2020 Jackson Heights Queens Walk Where the World Finds a Home The New York Times a b NYPD 115th Precinct www nyc gov New York City Police Department Retrieved October 3 2016 Current City Council Districts for Queens County Archived December 22 2016 at the Wayback Machine New York City Accessed May 5 2017 a b Walsh Kevin April 2006 JACKSON HEIGHTS and EAST ELMHURST Queens Forgotten NY Retrieved May 14 2015 Marzlock Ron Jackson Ave and its namesake Archived December 20 2019 at the Wayback Machine Queens Chronicle November 21 2013 a b c d e f g Miyares Ines M April 21 2010 From Exclusionary Covenant to Ethnic Hyperdiversity in Jackson Heights Queens Geographical Review 94 4 462 483 doi 10 1111 j 1931 0846 2004 tb00183 x ISSN 0016 7428 S2CID 129884321 a b c d e Kasinitz Bazzi amp Doane 1998 pp 161 177 a b c d e f g h i Walsh Kevin April 2006 JACKSON HEIGHTS and EAST ELMHURST Queens Forgotten NY Retrieved May 14 2015 a b Hood 2004 p 173 a b Jackson 2010 p 3100 a b Maly 2005 p 105 Karatzas Daniel 1990 Jackson Heights A Garden in the City Privately printed a b Nevius James April 19 2017 The transformation of Jackson Heights Curbed NY Retrieved April 1 2019 Shukla 2003 p 89 a b Samways Maggie New York s Most Diverse Neighborhood Time Out New York Plunz 1990 p 131 Plunz 1990 p 138 a b Shukla 2003 p 88 Hood 2004 p 176 Hood 2004 p 175 Plunz 1990 p 139 a b Plunz 1990 p 141 Linden Court coop buildings one of the earliest cooperatives built in 1919 in the Historic District of Jackson Heights NY JACKSON HEIGHTS GARDENS Real Estate Resource Urbanelli amp Robins 1993 p 3 Urbanelli amp Robins 1993 p 4 New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission Dolkart amp Postal 2009 p 300 a b c d History of Jackson Heights A Garden City Archived May 16 2015 at the Wayback Machine originally from Jeffrey A Saunders s The Jackson Heights Garden City Trail published by The Jackson Heights Garden City Society Inc New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission Dolkart amp Postal 2009 p 299 Plunz 1990 p 146 Urbanelli amp Robins 1993 p 16 Barnouw 1966 p 110 Lindsay 2005 p 339 Barnouw 1966 p 111 a b c Jackson Heights macaulay cuny edu March 13 2014 Retrieved May 15 2015 Hood 2004 p 178 New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission Dolkart amp Postal 2009 p 298 White Willensky amp Leadon 2010 p 768 SUNDAY THRONGS PACK NEW HOLMES AIRPORT Crowd Put at 100 000 Views the Queens Flying Field Many Planes Try Out Runways The New York Times March 18 1929 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved December 30 2019 Abandoned amp Little Known Airfields New York City Queens www airfields freeman com Retrieved June 12 2017 Stoff Joshua 2004 Long Island Airports Arcadia Publishing pp 85 86 ISBN 0 7385 3676 8 Jackson Heights History MPC Properties Retrieved March 30 2019 Untapped Mailbag What Were the Boundaries of Holmes Airport now Bulova Building in Queens Untapped Cities October 15 2013 a b c Maly Michael T Chapter 4 Jackson Heights Beyond Segregation Multiracial and Multiethnic Neighborhoods in the United States Temple University Press 2011 Starting Point of First Queens Pride Parade NYC LGBT Historic Sites Project Retrieved April 1 2019 a b Cerquera Yolian November 2 2012 Is Jackson Heights New York s Most Eclectic Neighborhood Highbrow Magazine Retrieved May 14 2015 Fisher Ian June 17 1993 A Window on Immigrant Crime In Jackson Heights Drugs Dirty Money and Prostitution The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved March 26 2019 Kasinitz Philip Bazzi Mohamad Doane Randal 1999 Jackson Heights New York SSRN Working Paper Series doi 10 2139 ssrn 149448 ISSN 1556 5068 S2CID 150549375 a b c d Fullam Anne December 2 1987 If You re Thinking of Living in Jackson Heights The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 25 2020 The Lavender Line Coming Out in Queens Eds Stephen Petrus and Soraya Ciego Lemur LaGuardia and Wagner Archives LaGuardia Community College CUNY 2018 Fisher Ian May 11 1993 Jackson Heights Streets Familiar to Drug Cartels The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved March 26 2019 Letwin Michael 1990 Report from the Front Line The Bennett Plan Street Level Drug Enforcement in New York City and the Legalization Debate PDF Hofstra Law Review 18 795 795 830 What Reduced Crime in New York City www nber org Retrieved March 26 2019 a b Jackson Heights Tract Named Historic Area The New York Times October 2 1993 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 25 2020 a b Oser Alan S February 6 1994 PERSPECTIVES In Jackson Heights a New Building Evokes the Past The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 25 2020 Trapasso Clare Woodside Jackson Heights Elmhurst become more desirable neighborhoods nydailynews com Retrieved April 1 2019 a b c National Register Information System 99000059 National Register of Historic Places National Park Service March 13 2009 Kathleen LaFrank April 1998 National Register of Historic Places Registration Jackson Heights Historic District New York State Office of Parks Recreation and Historic Preservation Retrieved January 16 2011 Accompanying 36 photos Braine 2009 p 2 Myers Steven Lee Council Votes Historic District In 38 Block Section of Queens Archived November 12 2017 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times January 27 1994 Accessed August 20 2009 Map of the District PDF Nyc gov Archived from the original PDF on March 2 2010 Retrieved November 11 2017 Daniel Maurer Stretching 50 in Jackson Heights Archived April 16 2009 at the Wayback Machine New York Magazine Myers Steven Lee January 4 1993 Bazaar With the Feel of Bombay Right in Queens The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved August 12 2016 Miyares Ines M From Exclusionary Covenant to Ethnic Hyperdiversity in Jackson Heights Queens Geographical Review vol 94 no 4 Oct 2004 pp 462 483 Schwartz Daniel April 30 2018 These Street Food Tours Take You Places Others Don t Like the Heart of Queens Fathomaway com Retrieved March 25 2019 Dai Serena May 18 2017 Bourdain on Queens This is a Wonderland Because of Street Food Eater NY Retrieved March 25 2019 Rorke Robert May 20 2017 Anthony Bourdain takes Parts Unknown to his Queens backyard New York Post Retrieved March 29 2019 Sietsema Robert May 22 2017 Eat Like Anthony Bourdain in Queens Without the Lines Eater NY Retrieved March 29 2019 Queens Restaurateurs Remember Thank Anthony Bourdain Jackson Heights Elmhurst NY Patch June 8 2018 Retrieved March 29 2019 Former Eagle Theater in Jackson Heights Reopens As Food Court DNAinfo New York Archived from the original on May 18 2015 The Polk Theatre is part of film history Nydailynews com Retrieved November 11 2017 Credits Roll for Jackson Heights Cinema After Rent Dispute DNAinfo New York Archived from the original on May 18 2015 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Jackson Heights Including East Elmhurst Jackson Heights and North Corona PDF nyc gov NYC Health 2018 Retrieved March 2 2019 a b 2016 2018 Community Health Assessment and Community Health Improvement Plan Take Care New York 2020 PDF nyc gov New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene 2016 Retrieved September 8 2017 New Yorkers are living longer happier and healthier lives New York Post June 4 2017 Retrieved March 1 2019 NYC Queens Community District 3 Jackson Heights amp North Corona PUMA NY Census Reporter Retrieved July 17 2018 Part 3 Indicators Rankings and Methods State of New York City s Housing amp Neighborhoods 2017 Report NYU Furman Center 2017 p 122 1 Archived April 23 2019 at the Wayback Machine Key Population amp Housing Characteristics 2020 Census Results for New York City PDF New York City Department of City Planning August 2021 pp 21 25 29 33 Retrieved November 7 2021 Map Race and ethnicity across the US CNN August 14 2021 Retrieved November 7 2021 Dorjee Tenzin June 2017 Obituary Elliot Sperling 1951 2017 Himalaya The Journal of the Association for Nepal and Himalayan Studies 37 1 Retrieved July 5 2020 a b Braine 2009 p 1 Watch Full Episodes Online of In Jackson Heights on PBS Pbs org Retrieved August 24 2017 Roleke John Scrabble Avenue Scrabble Invented in Jackson Heights About com Kershaw Sarah NEIGHBORHOOD REPORT JACKSON HEIGHTS Rewriting The Story Of Scrabble Archived December 27 2019 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times October 1 1995 Retrieved May 28 2009 Kershaw Sarah October 1 1995 NEIGHBORHOOD REPORT JACKSON HEIGHTS Rewriting The Story Of Scrabble The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 25 2020 Ember Sydney July 15 2011 For a Bereft Street Corner in Queens a Red Letter Day The New York Times Retrieved November 23 2014 Historic Scrabble Sign Makes Triumphant Return To Jackson Heights Queens Gazette October 26 2011 Archived from the original on October 6 2015 Retrieved November 23 2014 Welcome to 82nd Street Jackson Heights amp Elmhurst Queens Retrieved August 11 2020 Maly Michael T Chapter 4 Jackson Heights Beyond Segregation Multiracial and Multiethnic Neighborhoods in the United States Temple University Press 2011 Iceland J March 1 2007 Beyond Segregation Multiracial and Multiethnic Neighborhoods in the United States By Michael T Maly Temple University Press 2005 278 pages 68 50 cloth 22 95 paper Social Forces 85 3 1444 1446 doi 10 1353 sof 2007 0041 ISSN 0037 7732 S2CID 201742462 L G B T Senior Citizens Find Safe Haven at Jackson Heights Community Center The New York Times Student Journalism Institute Retrieved April 2 2019 Stanley Alessandra November 18 1991 The Symbols Spawned by a Killing The New York Times Retrieved March 27 2019 a b At Site of Gay Man s Murder a Street Corner Acknowledges Its Past The New York Times March 21 2016 Retrieved March 27 2019 a b Julio Rivera and the Making of a Hate Crime NPR org June 24 2016 Retrieved March 27 2019 Julio Rivera Corner NYC LGBT Historic Sites Project Retrieved March 27 2019 Over 40 000 Attend Our Largest Pride Day Events Ever Queens Pride Guide 2000 LaGuardia and Wagner Archives LaGuardia Community College Julio Rivera Corner NYC LGBT Historic Sites Project Retrieved March 27 2019 30 Years Later Reflections on Julio Rivera s Life and Death The Latinx Project at NYU Retrieved December 4 2022 Lesbian and Gay Democratic Club of Queens www lgdcq nyc Retrieved April 4 2019 From Out and About LGTBQ Life in NYC 2019 Calendar LaGuardia and Wagner Archives LaGuardia Community College Queens New York 2019 New York City Council Election Results 2009 The New York Times November 9 2009 Retrieved September 29 2019 Van Bramer Hosts Drag Queen Story Hour in Jackson Heights Celebrate Program s Funding LIC Post July 26 2019 Retrieved September 29 2019 Fahim Kareem June 30 2006 Stepping Off Plane Man Is Arrested in 01 Queens Murder The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 4 2019 Homophobic Attack Mars Otherwise Jubilant Queens Pride Parade Jackson Heights Post June 4 2018 Retrieved April 4 2019 Homophobia Is Real Man 25 Attacked By Pair Of Strangers In Potential Hate Crime Following Queens Pride Parade June 4 2018 Retrieved April 4 2019 Hern Katherine ez LGBTQ Activists Rally In Jackson Heights Following Recent Attacks Gothamist Archived from the original on April 4 2019 Retrieved April 4 2019 Contact Us Archived March 13 2018 at the Wayback Machine US Bangla Airlines Retrieved on September 6 2017 USA Office Bangladesh Plaza 37 15 73ST Suite 202 Jackson Heights NY 11372 Jackson Heights Greenmarket is boro s first year round NY Daily News Retrieved February 19 2018 Travers Park Tot Lot Reconstruction nycgovparks org December 2 2021 Retrieved December 2 2021 Travers Park Overhaul Reaches Another Milestone as First Phase of Work Wraps up jacksonheightspost com February 6 2019 Retrieved December 2 2021 NYC gov NYC gov November 30 2011 Retrieved November 11 2012 Jackson Heights amp East Elmhurst DNAinfo com Crime and Safety Report www dnainfo com Archived from the original on April 15 2017 Retrieved October 6 2016 115th Precinct CompStat Report PDF www nyc gov New York City Police Department Retrieved March 16 2020 FDNY Firehouse Listing Location of Firehouses and companies NYC Open Data Socrata New York City Fire Department September 10 2018 Retrieved March 14 2019 Engine Company 307 Ladder Company 154 FDNYtrucks com Retrieved March 7 2019 Engine Company 316 FDNYtrucks com Retrieved March 7 2019 Finkel Beth February 27 2014 Guide To Queens Hospitals Queens Tribune Archived from the original on February 4 2017 Retrieved March 7 2019 Correal Annie Jacobs Andrew Jones Ryan Christopher April 9 2020 A Tragedy Is Unfolding Inside New York s Virus Epicenter The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 9 2020 COVID 19 Data by ZIP Code of Residence City of New York August 10 2020 Retrieved August 10 2020 Brand David May 19 2020 COVID rates in six Queens zip codes reveal lethal impact on communities of color Queens Daily Eagle Retrieved June 14 2020 Jackson Heights New York City Queens New York Zip Code Boundary Map NY United States Zip Code Boundary Map USA Retrieved March 8 2019 Location Details Jackson Heights USPS com Retrieved March 7 2019 Location Details Arverne USPS com Retrieved March 7 2019 Location Details Trainsmeadow USPS com Retrieved March 7 2019 Jackson Heights QN 03 PDF Furman Center for Real Estate and Urban Policy 2011 Retrieved October 5 2016 P S 69 Jackson Heights School School Review Archived November 29 2014 at the Wayback Machine Inside Schools Retrieved on December 17 2009 P S 148 Christa McAuliffe School School Review Archived November 29 2014 at the Wayback Machine Inside Schools Retrieved on December 17 2009 P S 212 School Review Archived November 29 2014 at the Wayback Machine Inside Schools Retrieved on December 17 2009 P S 222 FF Christopher A Santora School School Review Archived November 29 2014 at the Wayback Machine Inside Schools Retrieved on December 17 2009 I S 145 Joseph Pulitzer School School Review Archived August 13 2010 at the Wayback Machine Inside Schools Retrieved on December 17 2009 Renaissance Charter School School Review Archived June 13 2010 at the Wayback Machine Inside Schools Retrieved on December 17 2009 82nd Street Academics privateschoolreview com 82nd Street Academics Archived August 4 2012 at the Wayback Machine Branch Detailed Info Jackson Heights Queens Public Library Retrieved March 7 2019 History Community United Methodist Church Retrieved April 4 2019 Maly Michael January 19 2011 Beyond Segregation Multiracial And Multiethnic Neighborhoods Temple University Press ISBN 9781592131365 About Mandir satyanarayanmandir org Retrieved April 4 2019 Blog McNamara s May 30 2014 Queens Parish First One Named for St Joan of Arc 1920 McNamara s Blog Retrieved March 27 2019 Islam Exploring Diversity in Jackson Heights eportfolios macaulay cuny edu Retrieved April 4 2019 St Mark s Episcopal Church Jackson Heights Queens NY www nycago org Retrieved April 4 2019 Jackson Heights Elmhurst Kehillah www jhekehillah org Retrieved April 4 2019 Subway Map PDF Metropolitan Transportation Authority September 2021 Retrieved September 17 2021 a b c Queens Bus Map PDF Metropolitan Transportation Authority August 2022 Retrieved September 29 2022 a b c Officials Applaud Opening Of Renovated Bus Terminal www qgazette com Queens Gazette www qgazette com July 20 2005 Archived from the original on March 22 2012 Retrieved November 11 2012 NYC DOT Bicycle Maps Nyc gov Retrieved November 11 2017 Moran Robert Alene S Ammond 86 N J state senator during 1970s who fought for legislative accountability Archived August 8 2019 at the Wayback Machine The Philadelphia Inquirer June 14 2019 Sen Ammond was born in Jackson Heights Queens Kershaw Sarah Inside Queens A Criss Crossed Quest Archived August 8 2019 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times October 1 1995 Accessed October 19 2007 Jeffrey A Saunders knew that Scrabble was born on 79th Street in Jackson Heights He knew that Alfred Mosher Butts lived there when he invented the game Clare Trapasso New Scrabble street sign will go up in Queens to commemorate birthplace of board game New York Daily News July 21 2011 Archived from the original on August 1 2021 Retrieved May 1 2020 Abadjian Nick Inventors of Queens Archived December 20 2007 at the Wayback Machine Queens Tribune May 22 2003 Accessed December 17 2007 Carlson a Jackson Heights resident worked as a lab researcher for a year and got laid off Molotsky Irvin Former Gov Robert P Casey Dies at 68 Pennsylvania Democrat Opposed Abortion Archived March 21 2017 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times May 31 2000 Accessed May 28 2009 Suggs Donald June 1 1999 Queen of Hearts POZ Retrieved April 30 2017 Thom Christopher Archived June 1 2009 at the Wayback Machine Soap Opera Digest Accessed May 28 2009 Native New Yorker Thom Christopher hails from the Queens neighborhood of Jackson Heights Solomon Deborah Questions for Eleanor Clift Grande Dame Archived January 6 2018 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times March 2 2008 Accessed May 28 2009 Where are you from I grew up in Jackson Heights Queens and my father had a deli Roeloffs Deli in Sunnyside Bosworth Patricia Montgomery Clift A Biography p 47 Hal Leonard Corporation 2007 ISBN 0 87910 135 0 Cassidy John Mastering the MachineHow Ray Dalio built the world s richest and strangest hedge fund Archived June 22 2016 at the Wayback Machine The New Yorker July 25 2011 Accessed June 16 2016 The only child of Italian American parents Ray Dalio was born in Jackson Heights Queens in 1949 Diaz Cesar Cosmos kick off with Queens help Jackson Heights born David Diosa is ready to begin the new season Archived September 12 2019 at the Wayback Machine Queens Chronicle April 16 2015 Accessed December 3 2020 Come Saturday New York Cosmos fans from the five boroughs and beyond can see Jackson Heights native David Diosa 23 who enters his fifth year with the team play at the club s home opener at Hofstra s James M Shuart Stadium in Hempstead LI Hollywood Freeway Archived October 19 2012 at the Wayback Machine Los Angeles Daily News July 17 1990 Accessed May 28 2009 When you grow up in the projects in Jackson Heights in the New York borough of Queens you don t think about having a golf and tennis tournament named after you You only think about getting out and surviving Kevin Dobson got out Grundberg Andy Alfred Eisenstaedt 90 The Image of Activity Archived July 17 2021 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times November 12 1998 Accessed May 8 2022 Until a year ago he would walk daily from his home in Jackson Heights Queens to his office on the Avenue of the Americas and 51st Street he said Bain Jennifer Miss USA a real beauty Queens Archived May 8 2022 at the Wayback Machine New York Post May 31 2010 Accessed May 8 2022 The gorgeous Fakih who this month became the first Arab American to win the Miss USA tiara competed as Miss Michigan but hails from Jackson Heights and is a 2003 St John s Prep grad Calvin Fixx Archived December 12 2021 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times March 4 1950 Accessed December 20 2016 Calvin Fixx of 33 28 Eighty first Street Jackson Heights Queens a member of the special projects department of Time Inc and a former editor of Time died yesterday of a heart ailment in the Atlantic City Hospital according to word received here Street Jim Where ve you gone Dave Fleming Archived March 7 2009 at the Wayback Machine Seattle Mariners June 10 2003 Accessed May 28 2009 The ace of the 92 staff was Dave Fleming a quiet southpaw born in the Jackson Heights section of Queens N Y who went from College World Series star at the University of Georgia to the Major Leagues in a blink of an eye McGrath Charles The Fixer Archived December 11 2012 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times February 19 2006 Accessed October 22 2009 via Associated Press Obituary Helen Kane Archived March 8 2021 at the Wayback Machine Toledo Blade September 27 1966 Accessed May 28 2009 Dean Cornelia Theorist Drawn Into Debate That Will Not Go Away Archived August 1 2017 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times April 12 2005 Accessed November 27 2017 Dr Keller whose honors and fellowships include a MacArthur award in 1992 she used the money to buy a house on Cape Cod was born in Jackson Heights Queens in 1936 the daughter of Russian immigrants She grew up in Woodside graduated with a degree in physics from Brandeis and went on to Harvard A Californian Teaches NY Something About Jewishness Archived August 9 2016 at the Wayback Machine Playbill February 26 1997 Accessed June 16 2016 Once upon a time in Jackson Heights N Y there lived an 11 year old Little League baseball player named Richard Klein This baseball player when he grew up and became an actor had to change his name to Richard Kline because there already was another actor named Richard Klein Zook Kristal Brent Comedy That Hits Close to Home Now a Father John Leguizamo Looks Back Without Anger Archived October 25 2012 at the Wayback Machine The Washington Post July 19 2001 Accessed June 11 2009 Born in Bogota Colombia to a Puerto Rican father and a Colombian mother of Indian ancestry John Leguizamo was raised in the multiethnic Jackson Heights neighborhood of Queens via United Press International Space Scientist Willy Ley Dies Milwaukee Sentinel June 25 1969 Accessed May 28 2009 Congratulations Diocese of Manchester New Hampshire Archived August 22 2017 at the Wayback Machine Catholic Faith and Reflections September 21 2011 Accessed May 8 2022 The Holy Father announced on September 19th that he accepted the resignation of Bishop John B McCormack of the diocese of Manchester and has named Bishop Peter Libasci its new shepherd Bishop Libasci was born in 1951 in Jackson Heights New York Ogunnaike Lola The Perks and Pitfalls Of a Ruthless Killer Role Lucy Liu Boosts the Body Count in New Film Archived December 21 2007 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times October 13 2003 Accessed October 25 2007 Born in Jackson Heights Queens Ms Liu the daughter of working class Chinese immigrants recalled many an afternoon spent parked in front of a television set Blumenthal Ralph Most of His Audience Is Homeless Clive Lythgoe a Piano Virtuoso Now Likes Life at a Different Tempo Archived May 22 2018 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times October 9 2000 Accessed May 28 2009 Mr Lythgoe s life these days is a far cry from his glamorous existence as a fast rising star Instead of a six bedroom manor in Sussex he lives alone in a simple one bedroom co op apartment in Jackson Heights Queens Conversations with Tyler John McWhorter on Linguistics Music and Race Live at Mason cowenconvos libsyn com Retrieved February 4 2021 Marzlock Ron Victor Moore Arcade 74th St and Roosevelt Ave Jackson Heights Archived January 7 2023 at the Wayback Machine Queens Chronicle January 17 2002 Accessed May 8 2022 He lived in Jackson Heights and commuted during this period to Manhattan He eventually passed away in East Islip Long Island in 1962 How the transfer point arcade exactly got his name is still a mystery Jacobson Mark The Icon Doll Face Archived November 19 2018 at the Wayback Machine New York September 23 2002 Accessed May 28 2009 Then came the sad pictures Johnny and Jerry RIP and Billy Murcia too their first drummer a Colombian from Jackson Heights dead in a London bathtub Nazi collaborator Jakiw Palij is deported from U S to Germany NBC News August 21 2018 Retrieved September 10 2018 Buskin Richard Classic Tracks Les Paul amp Mary Ford How High The Moon Archived July 20 2008 at the Wayback Machine Sound on Sound January 2007 How High the Moon was recorded in Les Paul s home studio in Jackson Heights using just the Ampex 300 a power supply unit a small home made mixer a Bell amp Howe amplifier a Lansing Manufacturing Iconic speaker and a single RCA 44BX ribbon mic Duncan Penwarden Broadway Actor Dies Succumbs to Pneumonia Attack Following an Operation in Denver Two Weeks Ago Archived July 23 2018 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times September 14 1930 Accessed May 28 2009 Jennings Dana New York Action Hero Archived December 28 2017 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times November 23 2003 Accessed May 28 2009 Mr Quesada also falls squarely in comics up by your bootstraps Ellis Island lineage He grew up in Jackson Heights Queens Spider Man s home borough the comics seduced child of Cuban immigrants Tommy Rettig Played Jeff In Original Cast Of Television s Lassie Rocky Mountain News February 18 1996 Accessed December 10 2007 Witchel Alex I m No Howard Stern You Dummy Archived August 8 2019 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times August 25 1996 Accessed October 8 2007 Donald Jay Rickles Who Was Born in New York City on May 8 1926 grew up in Jackson Heights Queens Queens Man Gets Top Defense Post Robert T Ross Once G O P Representative in Capital Would Succeed Seaton Archived April 25 2019 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times February 26 1955 Accessed May 28 2009 Trescott Jacqueline Mercedes Ruehl Driven The Manic Actress On the Road to Oscar The Washington Post March 26 1992 Accessed May 28 2009 Alexander Keira Zoe Saldana talks Live By Night self doubt kids and NYC Archived October 16 2021 at the Wayback Machine AM New York Metro January 12 2017 Accessed December 3 2020 While L A based Saldana missed the New York premiere of Live By Night the city is a place close to her heart she spent a chunk of her childhood growing up in Jackson Heights Esther Zuckerman Susan Sarandon Shares Her New York Favorites Archived October 19 2011 at the Wayback Machine The Village Voice August 30 2011 Accessed September 23 2011 2 Die As Planes Crash At Field Eddie Schneider Who Flew at 15 Is Killed When His Craft and Navy Trainer Collide Passenger Also Victim U S Ship Is Landed Safely at Floyd Bennett Airport Despite Damaged Wings Archived July 23 2018 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times December 24 2940 Accessed May 28 2009 Schneider lived at 32 50 Seventythird Street Jackson Heights Queens Sisario Ben Walter Sear an Audio Engineer With a Passion for Analog Dies at 80 Archived December 5 2016 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times May 6 2010 Accessed May 7 2010 Van Riper Tom May 23 2006 First Job Gene Simmons forbes com Archived from the original on November 11 2007 I delivered the Long Island Star Journal in Jackson Heights Queens known as the Long Island Press on Sundays HOWARD STERN S Private Jewish Parts The Jewish Week March 7 1997 Accessed May 28 2009 Grant Jason After 129 Years a Dog Has Its Day Archived October 28 2019 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times February 13 2005 Accessed October 27 2019 They ll calm down in a minute explained their owner Bruce Sussman as he opened the door to a visitor What possessed a native New Yorker raised in Jackson Heights Queens with German shepherds to own terriers I always liked the picture of the Scottie and the Westie on my father s scotch bottle Mr Sussman said Maria Terrone Poet Turns to Queens For Inspiration Archived February 10 2007 at the Wayback Machine Jennifer Manley Prepared For The Muse In Jackson Heights Archived January 28 2017 at the Wayback Machine Parting Shots Sada times four Broadway s new one woman triumph Life January 28 1972 Accessed June 18 2016 They have a daughter 20 and live in an unfashionable suburb Jackson Heights Whiteside Jonny Music Review Rock n roll stalwart Waddy Wachtel takes center stage Archived July 24 2016 at the Wayback Machine Glendale News Press February 26 2016 I grew up in Jackson Heights New York started playing guitar when I was about nine moved to L A at 20 in 68 Wachtel said White Helene N Archived March 3 2016 at the Wayback Machine Biographical Directory of Federal Judges Accessed June 18 2016 Born 1954 in Jackson Heights NY Lumenick Lou A case of mistaken identity ruined this man s life and inspired Hitchcock Archived November 14 2017 at the Wayback Machine New York Post February 7 2016 Accessed December 20 2016 Crouch Gregory Calling All Cars Calling All Cars There s a holdup in the Bronx Brooklyn s broken out in fights There s a traffic jam in Harlem That s backed up to Jackson Heights There s a scout troop short a child Khrushchev s due at Idlewild CAR 54 WHERE ARE YOU Archived December 9 2015 at the Wayback Machine Los Angeles Times April 19 1988 Accessed September 11 2017 Terrace Vincent Television Series of the 1980s Essential Facts and Quirky Details p 24 Rowman amp Littlefield 2017 ISBN 9781442278318 Accessed September 11 2017 MARY BETH LACEY For the remainder of the series they live at 7132 West 46th Street in Jackson Heights Queens New York although said to be living there for 15 years Salamone Gina Queens house is an unlikely Ugly Betty co star Archived September 12 2017 at the Wayback Machine New York Daily News September 20 2008 Accessed September 11 2017 The filming of Ugly Betty has switched from Los Angeles to New York this season but the Suarez clan has always called Jackson Heights home The mint green one family detached Colonial sits on 92nd St near Elmhurst Ave Mehreen Jabbar returns with new drama Jackson Heights Dawn com September 2014 In Jackson Heights Archived August 25 2017 at the Wayback Machine PBS Accessed September 11 2017 Frederick Wiseman s latest documentary IN JACKSON HEIGHTS shines a light on one of the most ethnically and culturally diverse communities in America and the world Matua Angela HBO s The Night Of was shot all around Queens including Jackson Heights Kew Gardens and LIC Archived September 12 2017 at the Wayback Machine QNS July 19 2016 Accessed September 11 2017 Naz and his family live in Jackson Heights and in the first episode we get a glimpse of the eclectic shops dotting 74th Street Shane Haden the location manager of the show said that the creators wrote Jackson Heights into the show and that it was an ideal neighborhood to capture the flavor of Naz s Muslim community Sources Edit Barnouw Erik December 29 1966 A History of Broadcasting in the United States 1 A Tower of Babel to 1933 Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 500474 8 Retrieved January 8 2013 Braine Theresa June 18 2009 Quaint in Queens Jackson Heights is cutest hood in the borough New York Daily News Retrieved January 8 2013 Hood Clifton July 13 2004 722 Miles The Building of the Subways and How They Transformed New York JHU Press p 173 ISBN 978 0 8018 8054 4 Retrieved January 8 2013 Jackson Kenneth T ed 2010 The Encyclopedia of New York City 2nd ed New Haven Yale University Press p 3100 ISBN 978 0 300 11465 2 Chapter 8 Jackson Heights New York PDF Retrieved May 22 2015 Part of Philip Kasinitz Mohamad Bazzi Randal Doane 1998 Cityscape 4 2 United States Dept of Housing and Urban Development Office of Policy Development and Research a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help Lindsay David May 30 2005 Madness in the Making The Triumphant Rise amp Untimely Fall of America s Show Inventors iUniverse ISBN 978 0 595 34766 7 Retrieved January 8 2013 Maly Michael 2005 Beyond Segregation Multiracial And Multiethnic Neighborhoods Temple University Press ISBN 978 1 59213 135 8 Retrieved January 8 2013 New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission Dolkart Andrew S Postal Matthew A 2009 Postal Matthew A ed Guide to New York City Landmarks 4th ed New York John Wiley amp Sons ISBN 978 0 470 28963 1 Plunz Richard 1990 A History of Housing in New York City Dwelling Type and Social Change in the American Metropolis Columbia University Press ISBN 978 0 231 06297 8 Retrieved January 8 2013 Shukla Sandhya Rajendra 2003 India Abroad Diasporic Cultures of Postwar America and England Princeton University Press p 88 ISBN 978 0 691 09267 6 Retrieved January 8 2013 Urbanelli Elisa Robins Anthony W October 19 1993 Jackson Heights Historic District PDF New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission Retrieved January 8 2013 White Norval Willensky Elliot Leadon Fran 2010 AIA Guide to New York City 5th ed New York Oxford University Press p 768 ISBN 978 0 19538 386 7 Further reading EditBazzi Mohamad Overlooked Treasures Landmark Designations Are on the Rise in the Forgotten Borough Newsday March 26 1995 Bazzi Mohamad Civics Battle Local Legislator Over District Lines Queens Tribune March 20 1992 Cohen Mark Francis Conformity and Commerce Collide The New York Times September 3 1995 Gans Herbert 1995 1963 Urbanism and Suburbanism as Ways of Life In Metropolis Philip Kasinitz ed New York New York University Press Goldberger Paul 1983 Utopia by Bus and Subway In On the Rise Paul Goldberger ed New York Times Books Grecco Rudolph Jr 1996 Jackson Heights From Ice Age to Space Age A Story for Children New York The Jackson Heights Beautification Group Jones Correa Michael 1998 Between Two Worlds The Political Predicament of Latinos in New York City Ithaca NY Cornell University Press Karatzas Daniel 1998 History of Jackson Heights Archived from the original on November 30 2012 Retrieved August 13 2012 Kasinitz Philip 1988 Neighborhood Change and Conflicts Over Definitions The Gentrification of Boerum Hill Qualitative Sociology 11 3 163 182 Khandewal Madhulika S 1994 Spatial Dimensions of Indian Immigrants in New York City 1965 1990 in Nation and Migration The Politics of Space in the South Asian Diaspora Philadelphia University of Pennsylvania Press Lowenhaupt Tom Busing Can Sour Students on the Old Neighborhood letter to the editor The New York Times January 14 1996 Massey Douglas and Nancy Denton 1993 American Apartheid Cambridge MA Harvard University Press McKnight Tom Mystery Group Calls for Jackson Hts Biz Boycott Queens Chronicle August 31 1995 Protests After Death in Queens The New York Times December 4 1995 City Section p 9 Saunders Jeffrey 1995 Why Landmarking Is Good for You The Telegraph The Newsletter of the Queensboro Preservation League 1 2 Zukin Sharon 1995 The Cultures of Cities Cambridge England Basil Blackwell Ltd Zukin Sharon 1991 Landscapes of Power Berkeley University of California Press External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jackson Heights Queens Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Queens Jackson Heights Community Board 3Q Jackson Heights Wiki A neighborhood controlled collaborative medium About com Photos of Jackson Heights Historic DistrictAlliances Jackson Heights Beautification Group Community Greens Jackson Heights Jackson Heights Green Alliance The Jackson Heights Food Group Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Jackson Heights Queens amp oldid 1132232298, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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