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Indian Police Service

The Indian Police Service (abbr. IPS) is a civil service under the All India Services. It replaced the Imperial Police in 1948, a year after India became independent from the British Raj.

Indian Police Service
Service Overview
Formerly known asImperial Police[1]
AbbreviationIPS
Date of Establishment
  • 1905; 118 years ago (1905)
    (as Imperial Police)
  • 1948; 75 years ago (1948)
    (as Indian Police Service)
[1]
CountryIndia
Staff CollegeSardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Police Academy, Hyderabad
Cadre Controlling AuthorityMinistry of Home Affairs, Government of India
Minister ResponsibleAmit Shah, Union Cabinet Minister for Home Affairs.
Legal personalityGovernmental: Civil Service
Cadre Strength3,894 members (2016)[2]
SelectionCivil Services Examination
AssociationIPS (Central) Association

Along with the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and the Indian Forest Service (IFS), the IPS is one of the All India Services[3] – its officers are employed by both the Union Government and the individual states.

The service commands and provides leadership to State police forces and Union territories' police forces, Central Armed Police Forces (BSF, SSB, CRPF, CISF, and ITBP), the National Security Guard (NSG), National Disaster Response Force (NDRF), Intelligence Bureau (IB), Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW), Special Protection Group (SPG), National Investigative Agency (NIA) and the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI).

History

There is no alternative to this administrative system... The Union will go, you will not have a united India if you do not have good All-India Service which has the independence to speak out its mind, which has sense of security that you will standby your work... If you do not adopt this course, then do not follow the present Constitution. Substitute something else... these people are the instrument. Remove them and I see nothing, but a picture of chaos all over the country.

— Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel in Constituent Assembly discussing the role of All India Services[4][5][6]

British India

 
 
 
Jamadar, constable and sergeant – NCO positions opened to Indians until 1920
 
Indian Police Medal issued in 1940

In 1861, the British Parliament introduced the Indian Councils Act, 1861.[7] The act created the foundation of a modern and professionalised police bureaucracy in India. It introduced a new cadre of police, called Superior Police Services, later known as the Indian Imperial Police.[7] The highest rank in the service was the inspector general[7] for each province. The rank of inspector general was equated and ranked with brigadier,[8] and similar ranks in the Indian Armed Forces, as per central warrant of precedence in 1937.[a][8]

In 1902–03, a police commission was established for the Police reforms under Sir Andrew Fraser and Lord Curzon.[9] It recommended the appointment of Indians at officer level in the police. Indians could rise only to the ranks of Inspector of police, the senior N.C.O. position. However they were not part of Indian Imperial Police.[9]

From 1920, Indian Imperial Police was open to Indians and the entrance examination for the service was conducted both in India and England.[9]

 
A 1999 stamp dedicated to the 50th anniversary of IPS

Prior to Independence, senior police officers belonging to the Imperial Police (IP) were appointed by the secretary of state on the basis of a competitive examination. The first open civil service examination for admission to the service was held in England in June 1893 and the ten top candidates were appointed as probationers in the Indian (Imperial) Police. It is not possible to pinpoint an exact date on which the Indian Police came formally into being.

Around 1907, the secretary of state's officers were directed to wear the letters "IP" on their epaulettes in order to distinguish them from the other officers not recruited by the secretary of state through examination. In this sense, 1907 could be regarded as the starting point.[1] In 1948, a year after India gained independence; the Imperial Police was replaced by IPS.

Indian Police Service

The Indian Police Service was created under the Article 312(2) in part XIV of the Constitution of India.[10]

As per media reports, there is a massive shortage of IPS officers in India, amounting to nearly 19% to 22% of sanctioned strength.[11][12]

Medals and decorations

Despite being a very small cadre strength many IPS officers have been awarded highest gallantry awards ( Ashok Chakra, Kirti Chakra ). The present National Security Advisor of India, Shri Ajit Doval Sir, who was an IPS officer was awarded Kirti Chakra for his gallant actions during operation Black Thunder. Though generally deployed in supervisory capacity at senior levels it's not uncommon for even a three star general rank IPS officers to be seen on the road taking active part in law and order maintenance. IPS officers have been posted to various UN Missions have been awarded United Nations Medal. Many exceptional IPS officers have been awarded with Padma awards from time to time.

Objective

 
Former President of India Ram Nath Kovind with Indian Police Service Officers at the Rashtrapathi Bhavan in New Delhi, 2018.

The First Police Commission, appointed on 17 August 1865, contained detailed guidelines for the desired system of police in India and defined the police as a governmental department to maintain order, enforce the law, and to prevent and detect crime. The Indian Police Service is not a force itself but a service providing leaders and commanders to staff the state police and all-India Central Armed Police Forces. Its members are the senior officers of the police. With the passage of time Indian Police Service's objectives were updated and redefined, the current roles and functions of an Indian Police Service Officer are as follows:[13]

Selection

 
The peaked cap worn by Indian Police Service officers as part of their uniform code.

IPS officers are recruited from Civil Services Examination conducted by UPSC. They are also promoted from State Police Services and DANIPS. However, at present, recruitment from Limited Competitive Examination has been put on hold.[11]

Training

The training of IPS officer recruits is conducted at Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Police Academy in Hyderabad. The authorised cadre strength of Indian Police Service is 4920. (3270 Direct Recruitment Posts and 1650 Promotional Posts).[14] The Civil List of IPS officers is an updated (annual) list maintained by the Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India that lists the posting details of all IPS officers in India. This Civil List can be accessed from the MHA website. It allows searching for an IPS officer on the basis of their name, Batch or Cadre.[15]

State cadres

Cadre allocation policy

The Union Government announced a new cadre allocation policy for the All India Services in August 2017, touting it as a policy to ensure national integration of the bureaucracy as officers and ensure All-India character of the services. Under the new policy, the existing 26 cadres have been divided into five zones in the new policy by the Department of Personnel and Training of Government of India.[16][17][18][19][20][21][22]

Under the new policy, a candidate has to first give their choice in the descending order of preference from amongst the various Zones.[22] Subsequently, the candidate has to indicate one preference of cadre from each preferred zone.[22] The candidate indicates their second cadre preference for every preferred zone subsequently. The process continues till a preference for all the cadres is indicated by the candidate.[22] The preference for the zones/cadres remains in the same order and no change is permitted.[22]

Officers continue to work in the cadre they are allotted or are deputed to the Government of India.[23]

Old cadre allocation policies

Till 2008 there was no system of preference of state cadre by the candidates; the candidates, if not placed in the insider vacancy of their home states, were allotted to different states in alphabetical order of the roster, beginning with the letters A, H, M, T for that particular year. For example, if in a particular year the roster begins from 'A', which means the first candidate on the roster will go to the Andhra Pradesh state cadre of IPS, the next one to Bihar, and subsequently to Chhattisgarh, Gujarat and so on in alphabetical order.[24] The next year the roster starts from 'H', for either Haryana or Himachal Pradesh (if it has started from Haryana on the previous occasion when it all started from 'H', then this time it would start from Himachal Pradesh). This highly intricate system, in vogue since the mid-1980s, had ensured that officers from different states are placed all over India.

The system of permanent State cadres has also resulted in wide disparities in the kind of professional exposure for officers, when we compare officers in small and big and also developed and backward states.[24] Changes of state cadre is permitted on grounds of marriage to an All India Service officer of another state cadre or under other exceptional circumstances. The officer may go to their home state cadre on deputation for a limited period, after which one has to invariably return to the cadre allotted to him or her.[25]

From 2008 to 2017 IPS officers were allotted to State cadres at the beginning of their service. There was one cadre for each Indian state, except for two joint cadres: AssamMeghalaya and Arunachal PradeshGoaMizoramUnion Territories (AGMUT).[25] The "insider-outsider ratio" (ratio of officers who were posted in their home states) is maintained as 1:2, with one-third of the direct recruits as 'insiders' from the same state.[26] The rest were posted as outsiders according to the 'roster' in states other than their home states,[26] as per their preference.

Career progression

Pay structure of Indian Police Service

Pay structure of the Indian Police Service[27][28][29]
Insignia Grade/level on pay matrix[28][29] Position in the state government(s)[27] Other positions or designation in the state government(s) or the Government of India (GOI)[27][30] Position in Indian order of precedence Basic salary (monthly)[28][29]
  Apex scale (pay level 17)
Secretary (R), Secretary (Security) in the Cabinet Secretariat.
23
225,000 (US$2,818)
Director General of Police
(Head of State Police Force)
25
  HAG+ Scale (pay level 16) Director General of Police
205,400 (US$2,600)—224,400 (US$2,800)
  HAG scale[31] (pay level 15) Additional Director General of Police 182,200 (US$2,300)—224,100 (US$2,800)
  Senior administrative grade (pay level 14) Inspector General of Police
  • Joint Commissioner, city police, in Delhi, Gujarat, Maharashtra
  • Additional Commissioner, city police, in Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore
  • Commissioner of police (city police commissionerate)
  • Inspector General in CAPFs
  • Inspector General in NIA
  • Joint Director in IB
  • Joint Director in CBI
  • Joint Director in SVPNPA.
144,200 (US$1,800)—218,200 (US$2,700)
  Super time scale (DIG/Conservator grade) (pay level 13A) Deputy Inspector General of Police
  • Additional Commissioner, city police, in Delhi, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Odisha, Rajasthan
  • Joint Commissioner, city police, in West Bengal, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Haryana
  • Commissioner of police (city police commissionerate)
  • Deputy inspector general in CAPFs
  • Deputy inspector general in NIA
  • Deputy Director in IB
  • Deputy Inspector General in CBI
  • Deputy Director in SVPNPA.
131,100 (US$1,600)—216,600 (US$2,700)
  Selection grade (pay level 13) Senior Superintendent of Police
(selection grade)
Deputy commissioner of police in Delhi. 118,500 (US$1,500)—214,100 (US$2,700)
  Junior administrative grade (pay level 12) Superintendent of Police Deputy commissioner of police in Delhi. 78,800 (US$990)—191,500 (US$2,400)
  Senior time scale (pay level 11) Additional Superintendent of Police Additional deputy commissioner of police in Delhi. 67,700 (US$850)—160,000 (US$2,000)
  Junior time scale (pay level 10) Assistant Superintendent of Police/
Deputy Superintendent of Police
Assistant commissioner of police in Delhi. 56,100 (US$700)—132,000 (US$1,700)

Ranks and insignia

Though the standard uniform colour is khaki,[32] the ranks, posts and designations of IPS officers vary from state to state as law and order is a state matter. But generally the following pattern is observed.

Ranks of IPS officers

IPS officers are appointed on the basis of either Civil Service Examination or promoted from the state cadre officers. Vacancy in an IPS cadre are determined on the basis of vacancy on an Superintendent of Police rank. Consequently, there are two level of gradations for SP rank. These are level 11 and 12 as per the Seventh Pay Commission. Resultantly, IPS officers remain on the rank on SP till the 13th year after which they are eligible for being promoted as Senior Superintendent of Police (SSP). ASP rank is the junior most rank on an IPS state cadre. Consequently, fresh recruits to IPS are variously posted as Assistant Superintendent of Police in a supernumerary capacity (only for training purpose for two years and after that for 1 year) till they are formally placed as Superintendent of Police In-Charge of an area (when they get the pay of level 11 and level 12) and as district in charge (when they get the pay of level 12) (only in non-metropolitan districts). When the officers get promoted to the rank of SSP, some of them are posted as the district in-charge of metropolitan districts.[33][34][35][36]

Indian Police Service gazetted officers rank insignia [37][38][39]
Insignia                    
Rank Director General of Police Additional Director General of Police[note 1] Inspector General of Police Deputy Inspector General of Police Assistant Inspector General of Police / Senior Superintendent of Police Superintendent of Police Additional superintendent of police Deputy superintendent of police Assistant Superintendent of Police (Probationary Rank: 2 years of service) Assistant Superintendent of Police (Probationary Rank: 1 year of service)
Abbreviation DGP ADGP IGP DIG AIG/SSP SP Addl. SP DSP ASP ASP


 
 
Flags (top photo) & Stars (bottom photo) on official cars of senior IPS officers, as per their rank.

Reforms and concerns

Reform committees

India's police continue to be governed by a colonial police law passed in 1861[clarification needed]. The Indian Constitution makes policing a state subject and therefore the state governments have the responsibility to provide their communities with a police service. However, after independence, most have adopted the 1861 Act without change, while others have passed laws heavily based on the 1861 Act[clarification needed].

Repeated major incidents, (the latest being the 2012 Delhi gang rape) revealed the failure of the police to uphold the rule of law.[40][41]

The need for police reform in India has long been recognised. There have been almost 30 years of debate and discussion by government-created committees and commissions on the way forward for police reform, but India remains saddled with an outdated and old-fashioned law[clarification needed], while report after report gathers dust on government bookshelves without implementation. Many committees on police reform have recommended major reforms in the police system coupled with systematic accountability.[42][43]

National Police Commission (1977–81)

The National Police Commission was the first committee set up by the Indian government to report on policing. The National Police Commission began sitting in 1979, in the context of a post-Emergency India, and produced eight reports, including a Model Police Act, between 1979 and 1981.[44]

Ribeiro Committee (1998–99)

In 1996, two former senior police officers filed a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in the Supreme Court, asking for the Court to direct governments to implement the recommendations of the National Police Commission. The Supreme Court directed the government to set up a committee to review the commission's recommendations, and thus the Ribeiro Committee was formed. The committee, under the leadership of J. F. Ribeiro, a former chief of police, sat over 1998 and 1999, and produced two reports.[44][45]

Padmanabhaiah Committee (2000)

In 2000, the government set up a third committee on police reform, this time under the stewardship of a former union Home Secretary, K. Padmanabhaiah. This Committee released its report in the same year.[44][46]

Malimath Committee Report (2003)

The Malimath Committee Report submitted in March 2003 has very articulately laid down the foundation of a restructured and reoriented police system. The Committee in its report observed that the success of the whole process of Criminal Justice Administration depended completely on the proper functioning of the police organisation especially in the investigation stage. Apart from the investigation of offences, the police also have the duty of maintaining law and order.

Soli Sorabjee Committee (2005)

In 2005, the government put together a group to draft a new police Act for India. It was headed by Soli Sorabjee (former Attorney General). The committee submitted a Model Police Act to the union government in late 2006.[44]

Supreme Court intervention (2006)

In 1996, Prakash Singh (a former chief of Assam Police and Uttar Pradesh Police and subsequently Director General of the Border Security Force) initiated a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in the Supreme Court of India, asking the court to investigate measures to reform the police forces across India to ensure the proper rule of law and improve security across India. The Supreme Court studied various reports on police reforms. Finally, in 2006, a bench of Justice Y.K. Sabharwal, Justice C.K. Thakker and Justice P.K. Balasubramanyan[47] ordered the state governments to implement several reforms in police force.[48]

Several measures were identified as necessary to professionalise the police in India:

  • A mid or high ranking police officer must not be transferred more frequently than every two years.
  • The state government cannot ask the police force to hire someone, nor can they choose the Director General of the State Police.
  • There must be separate departments and staff for investigation and patrolling,[49] which will include the creation of:
    • A State Security Commission, for policies and direction
    • A Police Establishment Board, which will decide the selection, promotions and transfers of police officers and other staff
    • A Police Complaints Authority, to inquire into allegations of police misconduct.

Follow-up from Supreme Court

In 2006, due to a lack of action by all the state governments,[50] the Supreme Court ordered the state governments to report to it why the reform measures outlined were not implemented.[51] After being questioned in front of the judges of the Supreme Court, the state governments are finally starting to reform the police forces and give them the operational independence they need for fearless and proper law enforcement. Tamil Nadu Police has been in the forefront of application of the new referendum.[52]

Again, in October 2012, a Supreme Court bench of Chief Justice Altamas Kabir and justices Surinder Singh Nijjar and Jasti Chelameswar asked all state governments and Union territories to inform about compliance of its September 2006 judgement. The order was passed when Prakash Singh through his lawyer Prashant Bhushan said that many of the reforms (ordered by the Supreme Court) have yet not been implemented by many state governments.[53]

Major concerns

Corruption

Some IPS officers have been disciplined for public corruption, money laundering, drug trafficking and unjust use of power.[54][55][56][57][58][59][60]

Violence against women and sexual misconduct

Some IPS officers have been implicated in cases of domestic violence, assaulting women and sexual misconduct.[61][62][63][64][65]

Other major concerns

Mental health and suicide

IPS officers have complained of high levels of stress due to long work hours and unrealistic demands of political bosses. Retired Director General of Police in Uttar Pradesh Vikram Singh believes job discontent is a combination of "no holidays, lack of sleep, the sinking feeling of failure, public treatment of policemen with contempt, indifference of political bosses and almost no connect with superiors". Professional stress ruins personal lives and leads to martial discord. The inability to balance professional and personal lives has led some IPS officers to commit suicide.[66]

Fake encounters

Some IPS officers have been convicted of fake encounters, a term for extrajudicial killings by the police supposedly in self-defence.[67][68]

IPS (Central) Association

In 2019, Ministry of Home Affairs said it never recognised or approved the formation[69] of IPS (Central) Association and the police force does not have the right to form any association without the permission of the federal Government of India.[69][70]

Sectarianism

A former CBI Director and officer in the service made a comment that "It is Hinduism (including Sikhism, Jainism and Buddhism) that is the identity marker of India. You remove it, India will not be India but just any other Christian or Muslim country."[71] He later published in a article that "Abrahamic religions such as Christianity and Islam are doctrinally ordained as world conquering expansionist creeds. Which means they have to continuously increase their demography with which comes the geography too. Both religions poach from others through well-oiled multinational conversion machinery."[71]

Women in the Indian Police Service

In 1972 Kiran Bedi became the first woman Indian Police Service officer and was the only woman in a batch of 80 IPS Officers, she joined the AGMUT Cadre.[72] She was followed in 1975 by Jija Madhavan Harisingh who became the first woman Indian Police Service officer from South-India (Karnataka cadre) and she remained in service for 36 years before retirement in 2011 as Director General of Police (DGP), and Kanchan Chaudhary Bhattacharya, the second woman IPS officer belonging to the 1973 Batch, becoming the first woman Director General of Police of a state in India when she was appointed DGP of Uttarakhand Police.

In 1992 Asha Sinha a 1982 Batch IPS officer became the first woman Commandant in the Paramilitary forces of India when she was posted as Commandant, Central Industrial Security Force in Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited and she remained in service for 34 years before retirement in 2016 as Director General of Police (DGP). In 2018, an IPS Officer Archana Ramasundaram of 1980 Batch became the first woman to become the director general of police of a Central Armed Police Force as DG, Sashastra Seema Bal.[73]

In 2021, Kalpana Saxena replaced Yogesh Singh as the commandant of 47 battalion of PAC, Ghaziabad.[74]

Notable people

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The rank of IGP is ranked and equated with the rank of Brigadier / equivalent rank of the Indian Armed Forced as per Warrant of Precedence – 1937, as per Ministry of Home Affairs' directions contained in Letter No 12/11/99-Pub II dated 26 December 1966. This Warrant of Precedence is compiled from a joint consideration of the existing Central Warrant of Precedence (which is till the rank of Major General) and Warrant of Precedence – 1937, as per Ministry of Home Affairs' directions contained in Letter No 12/11/99-Pub II dated 26 December 1966, the validity of which has been confirmed by Letter No 12/1/2007-Public dated 14 August 2007. The MHA has confirmed in 2007 that the Old Warrant of Precedence shall be taken as a guide to determine ranks below the ones mentioned in the current WoP.
  1. ^ Rank insignia of DGP is similar to additional DGP.

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Further reading

  • History of services of Indian police service, as on 1 July 1966, by Ministry of Home Affairs, India. Published by Govt. of India, 1969.
  • The peace keepers: Indian Police Service (IPS), by S. R. Arun, IPS, DGP Uttar Pradesh. Published by Berghahn Books, 2000. ISBN 978-81-7049-107-1.
  • The Indian Police Journal (IPJ), by Bureau of Police Research and Development, Ministry of Home Affairs. Published by Govt. of India, October–December 2009 Vol.LVI-No.4. ISSN 0537-2429.
  • History of services of Indian police service, as on 1 July 1966, by Ministry of Home Affairs, India. Published by Govt. of India, 1969.

External links

  • Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Police Academy
  • . Press Information Bureau. Archived from the original on 30 December 2016.

indian, police, service, this, article, about, civil, service, police, india, enforcement, india, indian, police, force, redirects, here, series, indian, police, force, series, other, uses, indian, police, disambiguation, abbr, civil, service, under, india, se. This article is about the civil service the Indian Police Service For the police in India see Law enforcement in India Indian Police Force redirects here For the web series see Indian Police Force web series For other uses see Indian Police disambiguation The Indian Police Service abbr IPS is a civil service under the All India Services It replaced the Imperial Police in 1948 a year after India became independent from the British Raj Indian Police ServiceService OverviewFormerly known asImperial Police 1 AbbreviationIPSDate of Establishment1905 118 years ago 1905 as Imperial Police 1948 75 years ago 1948 as Indian Police Service 1 CountryIndiaStaff CollegeSardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Police Academy HyderabadCadre Controlling AuthorityMinistry of Home Affairs Government of IndiaMinister ResponsibleAmit Shah Union Cabinet Minister for Home Affairs Legal personalityGovernmental Civil ServiceCadre Strength3 894 members 2016 2 SelectionCivil Services ExaminationAssociationIPS Central AssociationAlong with the Indian Administrative Service IAS and the Indian Forest Service IFS the IPS is one of the All India Services 3 its officers are employed by both the Union Government and the individual states The service commands and provides leadership to State police forces and Union territories police forces Central Armed Police Forces BSF SSB CRPF CISF and ITBP the National Security Guard NSG National Disaster Response Force NDRF Intelligence Bureau IB Research and Analysis Wing R amp AW Special Protection Group SPG National Investigative Agency NIA and the Central Bureau of Investigation CBI Contents 1 History 1 1 British India 1 2 Indian Police Service 1 2 1 Medals and decorations 2 Objective 3 Selection 3 1 Training 3 2 State cadres 3 2 1 Cadre allocation policy 3 2 2 Old cadre allocation policies 4 Career progression 4 1 Pay structure of Indian Police Service 4 2 Ranks and insignia 4 2 1 Ranks of IPS officers 5 Reforms and concerns 5 1 Reform committees 5 1 1 National Police Commission 1977 81 5 1 2 Ribeiro Committee 1998 99 5 1 3 Padmanabhaiah Committee 2000 5 1 4 Malimath Committee Report 2003 5 1 5 Soli Sorabjee Committee 2005 5 1 6 Supreme Court intervention 2006 5 1 7 Follow up from Supreme Court 5 2 Major concerns 5 2 1 Corruption 5 2 2 Violence against women and sexual misconduct 5 3 Other major concerns 5 3 1 Mental health and suicide 5 3 2 Fake encounters 5 3 3 IPS Central Association 5 3 4 Sectarianism 6 Women in the Indian Police Service 7 Notable people 8 See also 9 Notes 10 References 11 Further reading 12 External linksHistory EditThere is no alternative to this administrative system The Union will go you will not have a united India if you do not have good All India Service which has the independence to speak out its mind which has sense of security that you will standby your work If you do not adopt this course then do not follow the present Constitution Substitute something else these people are the instrument Remove them and I see nothing but a picture of chaos all over the country Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel in Constituent Assembly discussing the role of All India Services 4 5 6 British India Edit Jamadar constable and sergeant NCO positions opened to Indians until 1920 Indian Police Medal issued in 1940 In 1861 the British Parliament introduced the Indian Councils Act 1861 7 The act created the foundation of a modern and professionalised police bureaucracy in India It introduced a new cadre of police called Superior Police Services later known as the Indian Imperial Police 7 The highest rank in the service was the inspector general 7 for each province The rank of inspector general was equated and ranked with brigadier 8 and similar ranks in the Indian Armed Forces as per central warrant of precedence in 1937 a 8 In 1902 03 a police commission was established for the Police reforms under Sir Andrew Fraser and Lord Curzon 9 It recommended the appointment of Indians at officer level in the police Indians could rise only to the ranks of Inspector of police the senior N C O position However they were not part of Indian Imperial Police 9 From 1920 Indian Imperial Police was open to Indians and the entrance examination for the service was conducted both in India and England 9 A 1999 stamp dedicated to the 50th anniversary of IPS Prior to Independence senior police officers belonging to the Imperial Police IP were appointed by the secretary of state on the basis of a competitive examination The first open civil service examination for admission to the service was held in England in June 1893 and the ten top candidates were appointed as probationers in the Indian Imperial Police It is not possible to pinpoint an exact date on which the Indian Police came formally into being Around 1907 the secretary of state s officers were directed to wear the letters IP on their epaulettes in order to distinguish them from the other officers not recruited by the secretary of state through examination In this sense 1907 could be regarded as the starting point 1 In 1948 a year after India gained independence the Imperial Police was replaced by IPS Indian Police Service Edit The Indian Police Service was created under the Article 312 2 in part XIV of the Constitution of India 10 As per media reports there is a massive shortage of IPS officers in India amounting to nearly 19 to 22 of sanctioned strength 11 12 Medals and decorations Edit Main articles Police Medal India and President s Police Medal Despite being a very small cadre strength many IPS officers have been awarded highest gallantry awards Ashok Chakra Kirti Chakra The present National Security Advisor of India Shri Ajit Doval Sir who was an IPS officer was awarded Kirti Chakra for his gallant actions during operation Black Thunder Though generally deployed in supervisory capacity at senior levels it s not uncommon for even a three star general rank IPS officers to be seen on the road taking active part in law and order maintenance IPS officers have been posted to various UN Missions have been awarded United Nations Medal Many exceptional IPS officers have been awarded with Padma awards from time to time Objective Edit Former President of India Ram Nath Kovind with Indian Police Service Officers at the Rashtrapathi Bhavan in New Delhi 2018 The First Police Commission appointed on 17 August 1865 contained detailed guidelines for the desired system of police in India and defined the police as a governmental department to maintain order enforce the law and to prevent and detect crime The Indian Police Service is not a force itself but a service providing leaders and commanders to staff the state police and all India Central Armed Police Forces Its members are the senior officers of the police With the passage of time Indian Police Service s objectives were updated and redefined the current roles and functions of an Indian Police Service Officer are as follows 13 To fulfil duties based on border responsibilities in the areas of maintenance of public peace and order crime prevention investigation and detection collection of intelligence VIP security counter terrorism border policing railway policing tackling smuggling drug trafficking economic offences corruption in public life disaster management enforcement of socio economic legislation bio diversity and protection of environmental laws etc Leading and commanding the Indian Intelligence Agencies like Research and Analysis Wing R amp AW Intelligence Bureau IB Central Bureau of Investigation CBI Criminal Investigation Department CID etc Indian Federal Law Enforcement Agencies Civil and Armed Police Forces in all the states and union territories Leading and commanding various Central Armed Police Forces CAPF which include the Central Police Organisations CPO such as Border Security Force BSF Central Reserve Police Force CRPF Indo Tibetan Border Police ITBP National Security Guard NSG Central Industrial Security Force CISF Vigilance Organisations and Indian Federal Law Enforcement Agencies To lead and command the force with courage uprightness dedication and a strong sense of service to the people Endeavor to inculcate in the police forces under their command such values and norms as would help them serve the people better Inculcate integrity of the highest order sensitivity to aspirations of people in a fast changing social and economic milieu respect for human rights broad liberal perspective of law and justice and high standard of professionalism Selection Edit The peaked cap worn by Indian Police Service officers as part of their uniform code IPS officers are recruited from Civil Services Examination conducted by UPSC They are also promoted from State Police Services and DANIPS However at present recruitment from Limited Competitive Examination has been put on hold 11 Training Edit The training of IPS officer recruits is conducted at Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Police Academy in Hyderabad The authorised cadre strength of Indian Police Service is 4920 3270 Direct Recruitment Posts and 1650 Promotional Posts 14 The Civil List of IPS officers is an updated annual list maintained by the Ministry of Home Affairs Government of India that lists the posting details of all IPS officers in India This Civil List can be accessed from the MHA website It allows searching for an IPS officer on the basis of their name Batch or Cadre 15 State cadres Edit Cadre allocation policy Edit The Union Government announced a new cadre allocation policy for the All India Services in August 2017 touting it as a policy to ensure national integration of the bureaucracy as officers and ensure All India character of the services Under the new policy the existing 26 cadres have been divided into five zones in the new policy by the Department of Personnel and Training of Government of India 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Under the new policy a candidate has to first give their choice in the descending order of preference from amongst the various Zones 22 Subsequently the candidate has to indicate one preference of cadre from each preferred zone 22 The candidate indicates their second cadre preference for every preferred zone subsequently The process continues till a preference for all the cadres is indicated by the candidate 22 The preference for the zones cadres remains in the same order and no change is permitted 22 Officers continue to work in the cadre they are allotted or are deputed to the Government of India 23 Zones under the new Cadre Allocation Policy Zone CadresZone I AGMUT Arunachal Pradesh Goa Mizoram and Union Territories Jammu and Kashmir Ladakh Himachal Pradesh Uttarakhand Punjab Rajasthan and Haryana Zone II Uttar Pradesh Bihar Jharkhand and Odisha Zone III Gujarat Maharashtra Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh Zone IV West Bengal Sikkim Assam Meghalaya Manipur Tripura and Nagaland Zone V Andhra Pradesh Karnataka Kerala Tamil Nadu and Telangana Old cadre allocation policies Edit Till 2008 there was no system of preference of state cadre by the candidates the candidates if not placed in the insider vacancy of their home states were allotted to different states in alphabetical order of the roster beginning with the letters A H M T for that particular year For example if in a particular year the roster begins from A which means the first candidate on the roster will go to the Andhra Pradesh state cadre of IPS the next one to Bihar and subsequently to Chhattisgarh Gujarat and so on in alphabetical order 24 The next year the roster starts from H for either Haryana or Himachal Pradesh if it has started from Haryana on the previous occasion when it all started from H then this time it would start from Himachal Pradesh This highly intricate system in vogue since the mid 1980s had ensured that officers from different states are placed all over India The system of permanent State cadres has also resulted in wide disparities in the kind of professional exposure for officers when we compare officers in small and big and also developed and backward states 24 Changes of state cadre is permitted on grounds of marriage to an All India Service officer of another state cadre or under other exceptional circumstances The officer may go to their home state cadre on deputation for a limited period after which one has to invariably return to the cadre allotted to him or her 25 From 2008 to 2017 IPS officers were allotted to State cadres at the beginning of their service There was one cadre for each Indian state except for two joint cadres Assam Meghalaya and Arunachal Pradesh Goa Mizoram Union Territories AGMUT 25 The insider outsider ratio ratio of officers who were posted in their home states is maintained as 1 2 with one third of the direct recruits as insiders from the same state 26 The rest were posted as outsiders according to the roster in states other than their home states 26 as per their preference Career progression EditPay structure of Indian Police Service Edit Pay structure of the Indian Police Service 27 28 29 Insignia Grade level on pay matrix 28 29 Position in the state government s 27 Other positions or designation in the state government s or the Government of India GOI 27 30 Position in Indian order of precedence Basic salary monthly 28 29 Apex scale pay level 17 Secretary R Secretary Security in the Cabinet Secretariat 23 225 000 US 2 818 Director General of Police Head of State Police Force Director of the Intelligence Bureau IB Director of Central Bureau of Investigation CBI Director General of National Investigation Agency NIA Commissioner of Police of Delhi Director General of a Central Armed Police Forces CAPF 25 HAG Scale pay level 16 Director General of Police Special Director General in CAPFs Special Secretary Internal Security Ministry of Home Affairs Special Secretary in Research and Analysis Wing Special Director in IB Special Director in CBI Director of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Police Academy SVPNPA Director General of Bureau of Police Research and Development Director General of Narcotics Control Bureau 205 400 US 2 600 224 400 US 2 800 HAG scale 31 pay level 15 Additional Director General of Police Director of National Crime Records Bureau Special Commissioner of Police in Delhi Kolkata Commissioner of Police City Police Commissionerate Additional Director General in NIA Additional Director in IB Additional Director in CBI Additional Director General in CAPFs 182 200 US 2 300 224 100 US 2 800 Senior administrative grade pay level 14 Inspector General of Police Joint Commissioner city police in Delhi Gujarat Maharashtra Additional Commissioner city police in Kolkata Chennai Bangalore Commissioner of police city police commissionerate Inspector General in CAPFs Inspector General in NIA Joint Director in IB Joint Director in CBI Joint Director in SVPNPA 144 200 US 1 800 218 200 US 2 700 Super time scale DIG Conservator grade pay level 13A Deputy Inspector General of Police Additional Commissioner city police in Delhi Gujarat Maharashtra Odisha Rajasthan Joint Commissioner city police in West Bengal Tamil Nadu Karnataka Haryana Commissioner of police city police commissionerate Deputy inspector general in CAPFs Deputy inspector general in NIA Deputy Director in IB Deputy Inspector General in CBI Deputy Director in SVPNPA 131 100 US 1 600 216 600 US 2 700 Selection grade pay level 13 Senior Superintendent of Police selection grade Deputy commissioner of police in Delhi 118 500 US 1 500 214 100 US 2 700 Junior administrative grade pay level 12 Superintendent of Police Deputy commissioner of police in Delhi 78 800 US 990 191 500 US 2 400 Senior time scale pay level 11 Additional Superintendent of Police Additional deputy commissioner of police in Delhi 67 700 US 850 160 000 US 2 000 Junior time scale pay level 10 Assistant Superintendent of Police Deputy Superintendent of Police Assistant commissioner of police in Delhi 56 100 US 700 132 000 US 1 700 Ranks and insignia Edit Main article List of police ranks in India Though the standard uniform colour is khaki 32 the ranks posts and designations of IPS officers vary from state to state as law and order is a state matter But generally the following pattern is observed Ranks of IPS officers Edit IPS officers are appointed on the basis of either Civil Service Examination or promoted from the state cadre officers Vacancy in an IPS cadre are determined on the basis of vacancy on an Superintendent of Police rank Consequently there are two level of gradations for SP rank These are level 11 and 12 as per the Seventh Pay Commission Resultantly IPS officers remain on the rank on SP till the 13th year after which they are eligible for being promoted as Senior Superintendent of Police SSP ASP rank is the junior most rank on an IPS state cadre Consequently fresh recruits to IPS are variously posted as Assistant Superintendent of Police in a supernumerary capacity only for training purpose for two years and after that for 1 year till they are formally placed as Superintendent of Police In Charge of an area when they get the pay of level 11 and level 12 and as district in charge when they get the pay of level 12 only in non metropolitan districts When the officers get promoted to the rank of SSP some of them are posted as the district in charge of metropolitan districts 33 34 35 36 Indian Police Service gazetted officers rank insignia 37 38 39 Insignia Rank Director General of Police Additional Director General of Police note 1 Inspector General of Police Deputy Inspector General of Police Assistant Inspector General of Police Senior Superintendent of Police Superintendent of Police Additional superintendent of police Deputy superintendent of police Assistant Superintendent of Police Probationary Rank 2 years of service Assistant Superintendent of Police Probationary Rank 1 year of service Abbreviation DGP ADGP IGP DIG AIG SSP SP Addl SP DSP ASP ASPNote Commissioner of police is a post is held by different rank officers in different places For example it is held by DG rank officers only in Delhi and Mumbai by Addl DG rank officers in Pune Ahmedabad Chennai Bangalore Kolkata Hyderabad Lucknow Varanasi Guwahati etc by IG rank officers in Gurgaon Ludhiana Mysore etc by DIG rank officers in Trivandrum Kochi etc Flags top photo amp Stars bottom photo on official cars of senior IPS officers as per their rank Reforms and concerns EditReform committees Edit India s police continue to be governed by a colonial police law passed in 1861 clarification needed The Indian Constitution makes policing a state subject and therefore the state governments have the responsibility to provide their communities with a police service However after independence most have adopted the 1861 Act without change while others have passed laws heavily based on the 1861 Act clarification needed Repeated major incidents the latest being the 2012 Delhi gang rape revealed the failure of the police to uphold the rule of law 40 41 The need for police reform in India has long been recognised There have been almost 30 years of debate and discussion by government created committees and commissions on the way forward for police reform but India remains saddled with an outdated and old fashioned law clarification needed while report after report gathers dust on government bookshelves without implementation Many committees on police reform have recommended major reforms in the police system coupled with systematic accountability 42 43 National Police Commission 1977 81 Edit The National Police Commission was the first committee set up by the Indian government to report on policing The National Police Commission began sitting in 1979 in the context of a post Emergency India and produced eight reports including a Model Police Act between 1979 and 1981 44 Ribeiro Committee 1998 99 Edit See also J F Ribeiro In 1996 two former senior police officers filed a Public Interest Litigation PIL in the Supreme Court asking for the Court to direct governments to implement the recommendations of the National Police Commission The Supreme Court directed the government to set up a committee to review the commission s recommendations and thus the Ribeiro Committee was formed The committee under the leadership of J F Ribeiro a former chief of police sat over 1998 and 1999 and produced two reports 44 45 Padmanabhaiah Committee 2000 Edit In 2000 the government set up a third committee on police reform this time under the stewardship of a former union Home Secretary K Padmanabhaiah This Committee released its report in the same year 44 46 Malimath Committee Report 2003 Edit See also V S Malimath The Malimath Committee Report submitted in March 2003 has very articulately laid down the foundation of a restructured and reoriented police system The Committee in its report observed that the success of the whole process of Criminal Justice Administration depended completely on the proper functioning of the police organisation especially in the investigation stage Apart from the investigation of offences the police also have the duty of maintaining law and order Soli Sorabjee Committee 2005 Edit See also Soli Sorabjee In 2005 the government put together a group to draft a new police Act for India It was headed by Soli Sorabjee former Attorney General The committee submitted a Model Police Act to the union government in late 2006 44 Supreme Court intervention 2006 Edit In 1996 Prakash Singh a former chief of Assam Police and Uttar Pradesh Police and subsequently Director General of the Border Security Force initiated a Public Interest Litigation PIL in the Supreme Court of India asking the court to investigate measures to reform the police forces across India to ensure the proper rule of law and improve security across India The Supreme Court studied various reports on police reforms Finally in 2006 a bench of Justice Y K Sabharwal Justice C K Thakker and Justice P K Balasubramanyan 47 ordered the state governments to implement several reforms in police force 48 Several measures were identified as necessary to professionalise the police in India A mid or high ranking police officer must not be transferred more frequently than every two years The state government cannot ask the police force to hire someone nor can they choose the Director General of the State Police There must be separate departments and staff for investigation and patrolling 49 which will include the creation of A State Security Commission for policies and direction A Police Establishment Board which will decide the selection promotions and transfers of police officers and other staff A Police Complaints Authority to inquire into allegations of police misconduct Follow up from Supreme Court Edit In 2006 due to a lack of action by all the state governments 50 the Supreme Court ordered the state governments to report to it why the reform measures outlined were not implemented 51 After being questioned in front of the judges of the Supreme Court the state governments are finally starting to reform the police forces and give them the operational independence they need for fearless and proper law enforcement Tamil Nadu Police has been in the forefront of application of the new referendum 52 Again in October 2012 a Supreme Court bench of Chief Justice Altamas Kabir and justices Surinder Singh Nijjar and Jasti Chelameswar asked all state governments and Union territories to inform about compliance of its September 2006 judgement The order was passed when Prakash Singh through his lawyer Prashant Bhushan said that many of the reforms ordered by the Supreme Court have yet not been implemented by many state governments 53 Major concerns Edit Corruption Edit Some IPS officers have been disciplined for public corruption money laundering drug trafficking and unjust use of power 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 Violence against women and sexual misconduct Edit Some IPS officers have been implicated in cases of domestic violence assaulting women and sexual misconduct 61 62 63 64 65 Other major concerns Edit Mental health and suicide Edit IPS officers have complained of high levels of stress due to long work hours and unrealistic demands of political bosses Retired Director General of Police in Uttar Pradesh Vikram Singh believes job discontent is a combination of no holidays lack of sleep the sinking feeling of failure public treatment of policemen with contempt indifference of political bosses and almost no connect with superiors Professional stress ruins personal lives and leads to martial discord The inability to balance professional and personal lives has led some IPS officers to commit suicide 66 Fake encounters Edit Some IPS officers have been convicted of fake encounters a term for extrajudicial killings by the police supposedly in self defence 67 68 IPS Central Association Edit In 2019 Ministry of Home Affairs said it never recognised or approved the formation 69 of IPS Central Association and the police force does not have the right to form any association without the permission of the federal Government of India 69 70 Sectarianism Edit A former CBI Director and officer in the service made a comment that It is Hinduism including Sikhism Jainism and Buddhism that is the identity marker of India You remove it India will not be India but just any other Christian or Muslim country 71 He later published in a article that Abrahamic religions such as Christianity and Islam are doctrinally ordained as world conquering expansionist creeds Which means they have to continuously increase their demography with which comes the geography too Both religions poach from others through well oiled multinational conversion machinery 71 Women in the Indian Police Service EditIn 1972 Kiran Bedi became the first woman Indian Police Service officer and was the only woman in a batch of 80 IPS Officers she joined the AGMUT Cadre 72 She was followed in 1975 by Jija Madhavan Harisingh who became the first woman Indian Police Service officer from South India Karnataka cadre and she remained in service for 36 years before retirement in 2011 as Director General of Police DGP and Kanchan Chaudhary Bhattacharya the second woman IPS officer belonging to the 1973 Batch becoming the first woman Director General of Police of a state in India when she was appointed DGP of Uttarakhand Police In 1992 Asha Sinha a 1982 Batch IPS officer became the first woman Commandant in the Paramilitary forces of India when she was posted as Commandant Central Industrial Security Force in Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited and she remained in service for 34 years before retirement in 2016 as Director General of Police DGP In 2018 an IPS Officer Archana Ramasundaram of 1980 Batch became the first woman to become the director general of police of a Central Armed Police Force as DG Sashastra Seema Bal 73 In 2021 Kalpana Saxena replaced Yogesh Singh as the commandant of 47 battalion of PAC Ghaziabad 74 Notable people EditAjit Doval R N Kao Prakash Singh Kiran Bedi KPS Gill Julio Francis Ribeiro Rakesh Maria H T Sangliana K Vijay Kumar Amitabh Thakur Abhayanand Vibhuti Narain Rai Namo Narain Meena Kishore Kunal Vipul Aggarwal Sukhmohinder Singh Sandhu Joginder Sharma Rahul Sharma Gujarat police Lalit Vijay Singh Yogesh Pratap Singh T P Senkumar D Roopa Amit LodhaSee also Edit India portalCommissioner of Police National Police Memorial India Indian State Police Services Law enforcement in India List of cases of police brutality in India Civil Services of India All India Service Special Duty Allowance SDA Union Public Service CommissionNotes Edit The rank of IGP is ranked and equated with the rank of Brigadier equivalent rank of the Indian Armed Forced as per Warrant of Precedence 1937 as per Ministry of Home Affairs directions contained in Letter No 12 11 99 Pub II dated 26 December 1966 This Warrant of Precedence is compiled from a joint consideration of the existing Central Warrant of Precedence which is till the rank of Major General and Warrant of Precedence 1937 as per Ministry of Home Affairs directions contained in Letter No 12 11 99 Pub II dated 26 December 1966 the validity of which has been confirmed by Letter No 12 1 2007 Public dated 14 August 2007 The MHA has confirmed in 2007 that the Old Warrant of Precedence shall be taken as a guide to determine ranks below the ones mentioned in the current WoP Rank insignia of DGP is similar to additional DGP References Edit a b c Data History of Indian Police Service Official Raj Govt Page Archived from the original on 3 May 2010 Retrieved 26 April 2010 Authorised Cadre Strength of the Indian Police Service as on 01 01 2016 PDF Ministry of Home Affairs Archived from the original PDF on 28 August 2017 Retrieved 18 September 2017 IPS IAS and IFS All India Services Government of India PDF Archived from the original PDF on 16 April 2009 Retrieved 13 April 2009 Discussion in Constituent Assembly on role of Indian Administrative Government of India Archived from the original on 9 September 2017 Retrieved 18 September 2017 Save the integrity of the civil service July 2017 Retrieved 18 September 2017 H N Bali One Who Forged India s Steel Frame Archived from the original on 30 July 2017 Retrieved 18 September 2017 a b c Shahidullah Shahid M 2012 Comparative Criminal Justice Systems Burlington Massachusetts Jones amp Bartlett Learning ISBN 9781449604257 a b Bhullar Colonel Retd Pritam 19 July 2015 A worrisome slide in Army s status Hindustan Times Retrieved 8 September 2017 a b c Alexander K 2006 Police Reforms in India An Analytical Study New Delhi Discovery Publishing Group ISBN 9788183561280 Part XIV of the Constitution of India Services under the Union and the States Article 312 2 PDF Ministry of Law and Justice Government of India Archived from the original PDF on 3 December 2011 Retrieved 18 September 2017 a b Kumar Manan 29 April 2016 States reel under huge shortfall of IPS officers Daily News and Analysis Retrieved 5 October 2017 908 posts of IPS officers lying vacant The Economic Times 20 March 2016 Retrieved 5 October 2017 Duties and Responsibilities of Indian Police Service officers UPSCguide com Archived from the original on 2 January 2010 Retrieved 19 December 2009 Authorised Cadre Strength of the Indian Police Service as on 01 01 2011 PDF nic in 1 January 2011 Archived from the original PDF on 12 November 2011 Retrieved 21 July 2011 Indian Police Service IPS Civil List 2017 Ministry of Home Affairs Government of India Archived from the original on 24 December 2016 Retrieved 18 September 2017 Dutta Amrita Nayak 21 August 2017 New cadre Policy which focuses on National Integration of All India Daily News and Analysis Retrieved 21 August 2017 New cadre policy for IAS IPS The Indian Express 24 August 2017 Retrieved 24 August 2017 Bhaskar Utpal 24 August 2017 Govt s proposed cadre policy for IAS IPS officers draws ire Live Mint HT Media Ltd Retrieved 19 September 2017 Shrivastava Ashwini ed 23 August 2017 Govt finalises new cadre policy for IAS IPS officers India Today Retrieved 10 September 2017 IAS IPS allocation policy rejigged for national integration of bureaucracy Hindustan Times 23 August 2017 Retrieved 10 September 2017 Central government finalises new cadre policy for IAS IPS officers Deccan Chronicle 24 August 2017 Retrieved 10 September 2017 a b c d e Cadre Allocation Policy for the All India Services IAS IPS IFoS Reg PDF Department of Personnel and Training Government of India 5 September 2017 Retrieved 10 September 2017 Consolidated Deputation Guidelines for All India Services PDF Department of Personnel and Training Government of India 28 November 2007 Retrieved 13 August 2017 a b Old Cadre allocation policy for All India Services IAS IPS IFS PDF Department of Personnel and Training Government of India 30 May 1985 Retrieved 13 August 2017 a b Ganihar N Belagali Dr H V 2009 Indian Administration Vol 2 Educational Philosophy of Dr Zakir Hussain Global Vision Publishing House p 325 ISBN 9788182202412 Retrieved 4 September 2017 a b Revised Cadre Allocation Policy w e f CSE 2009 dated 15 06 2011 PDF Department of Personnel and Training Government of India 15 June 2011 Retrieved 13 August 2017 a b c IPS officers win battle to head central police forces as Supreme Court rules in their favour ThePrint 18 October 2019 Retrieved 18 October 2019 a b c The Indian Police Service Pay Rules 2016 PDF Department of Personnel and Training Government of India 23 September 2016 Archived from the original PDF on 21 July 2017 Retrieved 18 September 2017 a b c Report of the 7th Central Pay Commission of India PDF Seventh Central Pay Commission Government of India Archived from the original PDF on 20 November 2015 Retrieved 18 September 2017 The Delhi Police Act 1978 Act No 34 of 1978 Delhi Police 27 August 1978 Retrieved 18 September 2017 Promotion to various grades Amendment in the IPS promotion guidelines Indian Police Service 19 July 2010 Loiwal Amit 3 March 2007 Why is the colour of the Indian police uniform khaki The Times of India Retrieved 5 October 2017 Police Ranks PDF Maharashtra Police Archived from the original PDF on 15 August 2017 Retrieved 14 August 2017 Governance of Kerala Police Kerala Police Retrieved 14 August 2017 Police Ranks and Badges Odisha Police Retrieved 15 August 2017 Director Intelligence Bureau s Insignia Equivalent to Armed Forces Generals Government of India Archived from the original on 16 April 2009 Retrieved 27 July 2009 Police Ranks PDF Maharashtra Police Retrieved 14 August 2017 Governance of Kerala Police Kerala Police Retrieved 14 August 2017 Police Ranks and Badges Odisha Police Retrieved 15 August 2017 Inept Delhi cops get HC rap Daily News and Analysis 21 December 2012 Retrieved 5 October 2017 Two ACPs are suspended The Hindu 25 December 2012 Retrieved 5 October 2017 Failure of governance root cause of crimes against women Verma committee The Hindu 23 January 2013 Retrieved 23 January 2013 Read Highlights of Justice Verma Committee report CNNIBNLive 23 January 2013 Archived from the original on 27 January 2013 Retrieved 23 January 2013 a b c d PRAKASH SINGH Case at LIIofIndia org Retrieved 12 April 2013 Ribeiro Committee Retrieved 12 April 2013 Padmanabhaiah Committee Archived from the original on 6 March 2013 Retrieved 12 April 2013 Prakash Singh Case Retrieved 12 April 2013 Prasad Devika Caroline Avanzo 5 November 2006 Seize the opportunity The Hindu Retrieved 5 October 2017 Strip Mobius Ramesh Ramanathan 7 May 2007 Sohrabbudin s encounter Live Mint HT Media Ltd Retrieved 7 September 2017 COMPLIANCE WITH SUPREME COURT DIRECTIVES PDF Archived from the original PDF on 6 March 2013 Retrieved 12 April 2013 The Supreme Court of India takes the lead on police reform Prakash Singh vs Union of India Archived from the original on 25 September 2009 Retrieved 12 September 2007 Das Sunrat 6 May 2007 Board to lend ears to transfer woes Retrieved 18 September 2017 SC asks states to file affidavit on police reforms Hindustan Times 16 October 2012 Archived from the original on 17 October 2012 Retrieved 5 October 2017 Parihar Rohit 17 September 2015 This IPS officer spent 7 years in jail before he busted biggest bribery case India Today Retrieved 5 October 2017 IPS officer gets 13 year jail term for pilfering seized drug Daily News and Analysis 11 March 2013 Retrieved 5 October 2017 Corruption case against IPS officer 5 held by Vigilance Dept The Hindu 23 June 2016 Retrieved 5 October 2017 Sood Aman 18 August 2016 Booked for job fraud IPS officer on the run The Tribune Retrieved 5 October 2017 HC clears trial of officer who flew family around the world in Rs 1 lakh Mumbai Mirror 17 September 2013 This Delhi cop is a corrupt crorepati 17 shell companies 11 posh properties and much more Times Now 19 September 2017 Punjab has a new enemy to fight in war on drugs Punjab Police The Print 3 June 2018 Delhi Police appeal against RK Sharma s acquittal in Shivani Bhatnagar case NDTV 11 January 2012 Young IPS officer Amit Nigam accused of torturing wife like an animal Daijiworld 22 May 2019 IPS officer accused of torturing wife Outlook Magazine Serial offender Haryana IGP now caught hitting and abusing 2 women could face dismissal The Print 23 August 2020 TEAM OF RIVALS How the strange case of an alleged mole at the High Commission in Pakistan revealed a turf war between two of India s own intelligence agencies The Caravan 25 May 2013 Uttar Pradesh Suicides by 2 IPS officers in 5 months rattles police National Herald 11 September 2018 MHA terminates services of IPS officer connected to Bhojpur fake encounter The Indian Express 23 February 2017 Retrieved 5 October 2017 CBI arrests IPS officer in 2004 Ishrat Jahan fake encounter case The Telegraph 21 February 2013 Retrieved 5 October 2017 a b Govt questions legality of IPS Association says it never sanctioned such a body The Print Retrieved 11 November 2020 IPS Association illegal claims activist The Pioneer Retrieved 11 November 2020 a b Nageswara Rao the retired IPS officer who believes Hinduism is the only marker of India The Print Retrieved 28 December 2020 First woman IPS officer Kiran Bedi seeks voluntary retirement The Economic Times 27 November 2007 Retrieved 18 September 2017 First ever woman chief of SSB retires Rajni Kant Mishra takes charge Economic Times 14 July 2018 Kanpur and Agra gets new IG range 12 IPS officers transferred 27 October 2021 Further reading EditHistory of services of Indian police service as on 1 July 1966 by Ministry of Home Affairs India Published by Govt of India 1969 The peace keepers Indian Police Service IPS by S R Arun IPS DGP Uttar Pradesh Published by Berghahn Books 2000 ISBN 978 81 7049 107 1 The Indian Police Journal IPJ by Bureau of Police Research and Development Ministry of Home Affairs Published by Govt of India October December 2009 Vol LVI No 4 ISSN 0537 2429 History of services of Indian police service as on 1 July 1966 by Ministry of Home Affairs India Published by Govt of India 1969 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Indian Police Service Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Police Academy Shortage of IPS officers Press Information Bureau Archived from the original on 30 December 2016 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Indian Police Service amp oldid 1137375797, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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