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Collar (order)

January 01, 1970

A collar, also known as collar of an order, is an ornate chain, often made of gold and enamel, and set with precious stones, which is worn about the neck as a symbol of membership in various chivalric orders. It is a particular form of the livery collar, the grandest form of the widespread phenomenon of livery in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Period. Orders which have several grades often reserve the collar for the highest grade (usually called the Grand Cross). The links of the chain are usually composed of symbols of the order, and the badge (also called "decoration", "cross" or "jewel") of the order normally hangs down in front. Sometimes the badge is referred to by what is depicted on it; for instance, the badge that hangs from the chain of the Order of the Garter is referred to as "the George".

Edward Fiennes de Clinton, 1st Earl of Lincoln, wearing the Collar of the Order of the Garter (c. 1575).
Emperor Pedro II of Brazil wearing the collar of the Order of the Rose and elements of the Imperial Regalia. Detail from a painting by Pedro Américo (1872).

History edit

A medieval tradition: the Order of the Collar (14th century) edit

Main article: Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation
 
The Collar Badge of the Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation, the oldest grand collar still being worn by Prince Vittorio Emanuele of Savoy.

The first of the Orders of Knighthood were the military orders of crusaders who used red, green or black crosses of velvet on their mantles, to distinguish their brotherhoods. Later the members of knightly orders used rings, embroidered dragons and even garters as the symbol of their order. In the late Middle Ages the knights wore their insignia ever more prominently and medaillons, crosses and jewels in the shape of animals began to be worn on chains around the neck, known as livery collars.

In the fourteenth century, Amadeus VI, Count of Savoy (1343–1383) instituted the Order of the Collar.[1] The order was dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary[1] The primary and oldest insignia of the order is its collar. It consists of a solid gold medallion of the collar, which portrays the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary by the Archangel Gabriel. The medallion is surrounded by three intertwined Savoyan knots, decorated with small crosses fleury, and in the upper center, between two of the Savoyan knots, a cluster of rays with a dove, representing the Holy Spirit, is depicted also in gold.

Animated by a similar Marian devotion, the fashion of these collars spread at the same time as the fashion of wearing rosaries as necklaces spread across Europe reaching England in the fifteenth century.[2]

 
Charles VIII of France, wearing the collar of the Order of Saint Michael.

The Collar of the Golden Fleece (15th tradition) edit

Collars of various devices are worn by the knights of some of the European orders of knighthood. The custom was begun by Philip III, Duke of Burgundy, who gave his Knights of the Golden Fleece badges depicting a golden fleece: it was composed of "gold filigree plaques, simulated black and white enamel firestones, and golden fleece pendant".[3]

A French connection: the collar of Saint Michael created in 1469 edit

Main article: Collar of the Order of Saint Michael

Following this new fashion, Louis XI of France, when instituting his Order of St. Michael in 1469, gave the knights collars composed of scallop shells linked on a chain, most famously honouring Raoul de Lannoy after the siege of Quesnoy.[4] The chain was doubled by Charles VIII. The first official portrait of a King of France wearing the collar of the order was that of King Louis XII in 1514 and since then, all other Kings have followed that tradition until the order lapsed in 1830;[5] the Order of Liberation claimed to be its continuation in 1945 and it had its own grand collar made by master goldsmith Gilbert Poillerat,[6] which President Charles de Gaulle wore on his official portrait, preferring its Cross of Lorraine to the symbols attached to the Grand Collier of the Legion of Honour.[7]

While the order of Saint Michael was exclusively male, Queen Anne of Austria with the help of her chaplain French Dominican friar François Arnoul established the Order of the Celestial Collar of the Sacred Rosary in 1647, proving once again the connection between the collar and the rosary as an instrument of devotion. The statues of the new order were associated to instructions for fifty devout maidens and all virtuous souls, in order to renew Marian devotion and encourage the holiness of women active in the Catholic Church in France.[8]

A tradition spreading to England: Henry VIII and the collar of the Garter (16th century) edit

 
Henry VIII wearing the Collar of the Garter.

Until the reign of Henry VIII, the Order of the Garter, like most ancient of the great knightly orders, had no collar. But the Tudor king wished to match the continental sovereigns in all things as described in the statues signed on January 5, 1508, by the Register of the Order, and sent to the Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian. The present collar of the Garter knights, with its golden knots and its buckled garters enclosing white roses set on red roses, has its origin in the Tudor age. In 1672, British antiquary Elias Ashmole, described a change from the original collar worn prescribed by King Henry VIII for the collar of the Order of the Garter said to be  "a gold collar, coupled together by several pieces of links in fashion of garters, with a vermillion rose, and the image of Saint George hung thereat".[9] Most of the British orders of knighthood now have collars and they are still worn on special occasions, known as collar days. The Distinguished Service Order, the Order of Merit, the Order of the Companions of Honour and the Imperial Service Order are the exceptions.

Heyday of Grand collars in the 18th century edit

After the 17th century the heyday of the collar was over. They were worn only on ceremonial occasions and replaced in daily life by stars pinned to the breast, and badges suspended from ribbons. Many orders retained their collars and when orders were divided into several ranks or grades the collar was usually reserved for the highest rank. The notable exception is Portugal.

At the end of the 18th century most of the European orders had only one rank; that of Knight and although they usually had collars, the cross or badge was now worn on a ribbon around the neck or over the right shoulder. When the orders became more democratic several ranks were introduced and only the highest grade, the "Grand Commanders" or "Grand Crosses", wore collars. The Netherlands never had collars but several Belgian, most of the Austrian and Prussian orders, and several Portuguese orders had collars. In Portugal all the members of these orders of knighthood wear a collar but the collars of the Grand Cross are more elaborate.

The Grand Collier de la Légion d'Honneur edit

Since the beginning of the 19th century, the collar has been used as the insignia of office of the Grand Master of the order. Napoleon I introduced the Grand aigle (Grand Eagle) to replace the Grand Cross as the highest rank in his Legion of Honour. Napoleon dispensed 15 such golden collars of the Legion among his kinsmen and the highest of his ministers. This collar did not survive his downfall and was abolished in 1815. He also introduced the Grand Collier de la Légion d'Honneur which was the first Grand Collar worn outside of a religious order. The President of France wears the collar of the Order of the Legion of Honour. Nowadays, the collar is often a rank above that of a Grand Cross and it is reserved for the president and foreign heads of state as it is in Brazil.

Heraldry edit

 
Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, his arms at left are surrounded by the Collar of the Order of St Michael.

In heraldry, most members of orders are permitted to display the collar of their order on their coat of arms (if they are in fact entitled to wear the collar). There are often very strict rules as to how exactly the collar is to be displayed. Normally it will entirely encircle the escutcheon (shield), or the collar may be partially hidden by it. Sometimes, only a part of the collar and the badge will extend below the escutcheon.

Collars of different orders are often depicted in the heraldic achievement of various monarchs, encircling the escutcheon. Though the standard achievement used most often may depict specific collars, this does not preclude the use of or substitution with other collars to which someone may be entitled to. Some achievements depict multiple collars while others depict only one; The coat of arms of the Norwegian monarch only depicts the collar of the Order of St. Olav encircling the shield while that of Denmark's depicts the collars of the nation's two chivalric orders: the Order of the Elephant and the Order of Dannebrog. In the greater arms of Sweden, the collar of the Order of Seraphim is used. The collar of the Order of Leopold is also depicted in the national arms of Belgium.

Death of a recipient edit

When a member of an order dies, they are not usually buried with the collar, but it may be displayed on a pillow placed on the coffin (along with other decorations that the member may have) during the funeral. Many orders require that after the death of a member of the order, the collar and perhaps other insignia be returned to the issuing authority. Often, the requirement is that a male relative personally return the award to the order.

Orders with Collar as a separate (highest) rank edit

Many orders also do have a chain as an ornament that is worn at more official ceremonial occasions (worn by knights of a single class order or members of the highest class of a multi-class order). However, in some orders Collar is a separate rank above that of Grand Cross, i.e.:

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Europe edit

America edit

 
Queen Elizabeth II wearing the "Grand Collar" of the Brazilian Order of the Southern Cross, 2006

Africa edit

Asia edit

Middle East edit

South East & North Asia edit

Oceania edit


* indicates that the insignia must be returned upon the death of the recipient
† indicates that the order is now dormant but has not been formally abolished

Gallery edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b Syr Gawayn and the Grene Knyzt-(Concluded), J. R. Hulbert, Modern Philology, Vol. 13, No. 12 (Apr., 1916), 140.
  2. ^ Evans, Joan (1989-01-01). A History of Jewellery, 1100-1870. Courier Corporation. p. 77. ISBN 978-0-486-26122-5.
  3. ^ "Men's fashion". Fashions of the Hapsburg Era: Austria-Hungary. Metropolitan Museum of Art. 1979. p. 3.
  4. ^ Fontenay, Eugène (1887). Les bijoux anciens et modernes (in French). Maison Quantin. p. 189.
  5. ^ Boulton d'Arcy, Jonathan Dacre (2000). The Knights of the Crown: The Monarchical Orders of Knighthood in Later Medieval Europe, 1325-1520. Boydell Press. p. 442. ISBN 978-0-85115-795-5.
  6. ^ Chaffanjon, Arnaud (1969). Les grands ordres de Chevalerie (in French). S.E.R.G. p. 117.
  7. ^ Bonfait, Olivier; Desmas, Anne-Lise; Marin, Brigitte (2003). Les portraits du pouvoir: actes du colloque (in French). Somogy. p. 231. ISBN 978-2-85056-608-0.
  8. ^ Arnoul, François (1647). Institution de l'Ordre du Collier Céleste du Sacré Rosaire (in French). Paris & Lyon: Jacques Carteron.
  9. ^ Ashmole, Elias (1672). "7. The Habit and Ensigns of the Order". The Institution, Laws and Ceremonies of the Most Noble Order of the Garter. J. Macock. p. 222.

See also edit

January 01, 1970
collar, order, collar, also, known, collar, order, ornate, chain, often, made, gold, enamel, with, precious, stones, which, worn, about, neck, symbol, membership, various, chivalric, orders, particular, form, livery, collar, grandest, form, widespread, phenome. A collar also known as collar of an order is an ornate chain often made of gold and enamel and set with precious stones which is worn about the neck as a symbol of membership in various chivalric orders It is a particular form of the livery collar the grandest form of the widespread phenomenon of livery in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Period Orders which have several grades often reserve the collar for the highest grade usually called the Grand Cross The links of the chain are usually composed of symbols of the order and the badge also called decoration cross or jewel of the order normally hangs down in front Sometimes the badge is referred to by what is depicted on it for instance the badge that hangs from the chain of the Order of the Garter is referred to as the George Edward Fiennes de Clinton 1st Earl of Lincoln wearing the Collar of the Order of the Garter c 1575 Emperor Pedro II of Brazil wearing the collar of the Order of the Rose and elements of the Imperial Regalia Detail from a painting by Pedro Americo 1872 Contents 1 History 1 1 A medieval tradition the Order of the Collar 14th century 1 2 The Collar of the Golden Fleece 15th tradition 1 3 A French connection the collar of Saint Michael created in 1469 1 4 A tradition spreading to England Henry VIII and the collar of the Garter 16th century 1 5 Heyday of Grand collars in the 18th century 1 6 The Grand Collier de la Legion d Honneur 2 Heraldry 3 Death of a recipient 4 Orders with Collar as a separate highest rank 4 1 Europe 4 2 America 4 3 Africa 4 4 Asia 4 4 1 Middle East 4 4 2 South East amp North Asia 4 5 Oceania 5 Gallery 6 References 7 See alsoHistory editA medieval tradition the Order of the Collar 14th century edit Main article Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation nbsp The Collar Badge of the Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation the oldest grand collar still being worn by Prince Vittorio Emanuele of Savoy The first of the Orders of Knighthood were the military orders of crusaders who used red green or black crosses of velvet on their mantles to distinguish their brotherhoods Later the members of knightly orders used rings embroidered dragons and even garters as the symbol of their order In the late Middle Ages the knights wore their insignia ever more prominently and medaillons crosses and jewels in the shape of animals began to be worn on chains around the neck known as livery collars In the fourteenth century Amadeus VI Count of Savoy 1343 1383 instituted the Order of the Collar 1 The order was dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary 1 The primary and oldest insignia of the order is its collar It consists of a solid gold medallion of the collar which portrays the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary by the Archangel Gabriel The medallion is surrounded by three intertwined Savoyan knots decorated with small crosses fleury and in the upper center between two of the Savoyan knots a cluster of rays with a dove representing the Holy Spirit is depicted also in gold Animated by a similar Marian devotion the fashion of these collars spread at the same time as the fashion of wearing rosaries as necklaces spread across Europe reaching England in the fifteenth century 2 nbsp Charles VIII of France wearing the collar of the Order of Saint Michael The Collar of the Golden Fleece 15th tradition edit Collars of various devices are worn by the knights of some of the European orders of knighthood The custom was begun by Philip III Duke of Burgundy who gave his Knights of the Golden Fleece badges depicting a golden fleece it was composed of gold filigree plaques simulated black and white enamel firestones and golden fleece pendant 3 A French connection the collar of Saint Michael created in 1469 edit Main article Collar of the Order of Saint Michael Following this new fashion Louis XI of France when instituting his Order of St Michael in 1469 gave the knights collars composed of scallop shells linked on a chain most famously honouring Raoul de Lannoy after the siege of Quesnoy 4 The chain was doubled by Charles VIII The first official portrait of a King of France wearing the collar of the order was that of King Louis XII in 1514 and since then all other Kings have followed that tradition until the order lapsed in 1830 5 the Order of Liberation claimed to be its continuation in 1945 and it had its own grand collar made by master goldsmith Gilbert Poillerat 6 which President Charles de Gaulle wore on his official portrait preferring its Cross of Lorraine to the symbols attached to the Grand Collier of the Legion of Honour 7 While the order of Saint Michael was exclusively male Queen Anne of Austria with the help of her chaplain French Dominican friar Francois Arnoul established the Order of the Celestial Collar of the Sacred Rosary in 1647 proving once again the connection between the collar and the rosary as an instrument of devotion The statues of the new order were associated to instructions for fifty devout maidens and all virtuous souls in order to renew Marian devotion and encourage the holiness of women active in the Catholic Church in France 8 A tradition spreading to England Henry VIII and the collar of the Garter 16th century edit nbsp Henry VIII wearing the Collar of the Garter Until the reign of Henry VIII the Order of the Garter like most ancient of the great knightly orders had no collar But the Tudor king wished to match the continental sovereigns in all things as described in the statues signed on January 5 1508 by the Register of the Order and sent to the Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian The present collar of the Garter knights with its golden knots and its buckled garters enclosing white roses set on red roses has its origin in the Tudor age In 1672 British antiquary Elias Ashmole described a change from the original collar worn prescribed by King Henry VIII for the collar of the Order of the Garter said to be a gold collar coupled together by several pieces of links in fashion of garters with a vermillion rose and the image of Saint George hung thereat 9 Most of the British orders of knighthood now have collars and they are still worn on special occasions known as collar days The Distinguished Service Order the Order of Merit the Order of the Companions of Honour and the Imperial Service Order are the exceptions Heyday of Grand collars in the 18th century edit After the 17th century the heyday of the collar was over They were worn only on ceremonial occasions and replaced in daily life by stars pinned to the breast and badges suspended from ribbons Many orders retained their collars and when orders were divided into several ranks or grades the collar was usually reserved for the highest rank The notable exception is Portugal At the end of the 18th century most of the European orders had only one rank that of Knight and although they usually had collars the cross or badge was now worn on a ribbon around the neck or over the right shoulder When the orders became more democratic several ranks were introduced and only the highest grade the Grand Commanders or Grand Crosses wore collars The Netherlands never had collars but several Belgian most of the Austrian and Prussian orders and several Portuguese orders had collars In Portugal all the members of these orders of knighthood wear a collar but the collars of the Grand Cross are more elaborate The Grand Collier de la Legion d Honneur edit Since the beginning of the 19th century the collar has been used as the insignia of office of the Grand Master of the order Napoleon I introduced the Grand aigle Grand Eagle to replace the Grand Cross as the highest rank in his Legion of Honour Napoleon dispensed 15 such golden collars of the Legion among his kinsmen and the highest of his ministers This collar did not survive his downfall and was abolished in 1815 He also introduced the Grand Collier de la Legion d Honneur which was the first Grand Collar worn outside of a religious order The President of France wears the collar of the Order of the Legion of Honour Nowadays the collar is often a rank above that of a Grand Cross and it is reserved for the president and foreign heads of state as it is in Brazil Heraldry edit nbsp Robert Dudley Earl of Leicester his arms at left are surrounded by the Collar of the Order of St Michael In heraldry most members of orders are permitted to display the collar of their order on their coat of arms if they are in fact entitled to wear the collar There are often very strict rules as to how exactly the collar is to be displayed Normally it will entirely encircle the escutcheon shield or the collar may be partially hidden by it Sometimes only a part of the collar and the badge will extend below the escutcheon Collars of different orders are often depicted in the heraldic achievement of various monarchs encircling the escutcheon Though the standard achievement used most often may depict specific collars this does not preclude the use of or substitution with other collars to which someone may be entitled to Some achievements depict multiple collars while others depict only one The coat of arms of the Norwegian monarch only depicts the collar of the Order of St Olav encircling the shield while that of Denmark s depicts the collars of the nation s two chivalric orders the Order of the Elephant and the Order of Dannebrog In the greater arms of Sweden the collar of the Order of Seraphim is used The collar of the Order of Leopold is also depicted in the national arms of Belgium Death of a recipient editWhen a member of an order dies they are not usually buried with the collar but it may be displayed on a pillow placed on the coffin along with other decorations that the member may have during the funeral Many orders require that after the death of a member of the order the collar and perhaps other insignia be returned to the issuing authority Often the requirement is that a male relative personally return the award to the order Orders with Collar as a separate highest rank editMany orders also do have a chain as an ornament that is worn at more official ceremonial occasions worn by knights of a single class order or members of the highest class of a multi class order However in some orders Collar is a separate rank above that of Grand Cross i e This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources Europe edit nbsp Andorra Collar of the Order of Charlemagne nbsp Bulgaria nbsp House of Saxe Coburg and Gotha Grand and Lesser Chain of the Order of St Alexander nbsp Czech Republic First Class with Collar of the Order of the White Lion Recipients nbsp Cyprus Grand Collar of the Order of Makarios III nbsp Estonia Collar of the Order of the National Coat of Arms nbsp Estonia Collar of the Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana Recipients nbsp Estonia Collar of the Order of the White Star nbsp Finland Grand Cross with Collar of the Order of the White Rose nbsp Georgia nbsp House of Bagrationi Knight of the Grand Collar of the Order of the Eagle of Georgia nbsp Germany nbsp House of Wittelsbach Knight Grand Cross with Collar of the Order of Saint Hubert nbsp House of Hanover Knight Grand Cross with Collar of the Order of Henry the Lion nbsp Greece nbsp House of Glucksburg Collar of the Order of Saints George and Constantine nbsp Holy See Knight Dame of the Collar of the Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem nbsp Holy See Knight with the Collar of the Order of Pius IX nbsp Hungary Hungarian Corvin Chain nbsp Hungary Grand Cross with Chain of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Hungary Civilian Class Recipients nbsp Iceland Collar with Grand Cross Breast Star of the Order of the Falcon nbsp Italy Knight Grand Cross with Collar of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic Recipients nbsp House of Bourbon Two Sicilies nbsp House of Bourbon Parma Bailiff Knight Grand Cross with Collar of the Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George nbsp Sovereign Military Order of Malta Collar of the Order pro Merito Melitensi nbsp Latvia Commander Grand Cross with Chain of the Order of Three Stars nbsp Lithuania Golden Chain of the Order of Vytautas the Great Recipients nbsp Malta Honorary Companion of Honour with Collar of the National Order of Merit nbsp Norway Grand Cross with Collar of the Royal Norwegian Order of St Olav nbsp Portugal Grand Collar of the Order of the Tower and Sword nbsp Portugal Grand Collar of the Military Order of Christ nbsp Portugal Grand Collar of the Military Order of Aviz nbsp Portugal Grand Collar of the Order of Saint James of the Sword Recipients nbsp Portugal Grand Collar of the Order of Prince Henry Recipients nbsp Portugal Grand Collar of the Order of Liberty Recipients nbsp Portugal Grand Collar of the Order of Camoes nbsp House of Braganza Grand Collar of the Order of Saint Michael of the Wing nbsp House of Braganza Grand Collar of the Order of Merit of the Portuguese Royal House nbsp Romania Collar of the Order of the Star of Romania nbsp House of Hohenzollern Sigmaringen Grand Cross with Collar of the Order of Carol I nbsp San Marino Collar of the Order of San Marino nbsp Serbia Collar of the Order of the Republic of Serbia nbsp House of Karađorđevic Knight Grand Collar of the Order of St Prince Lazar nbsp Spain Knight Dame of the Collar of the Order of Charles III nbsp Spain Knight Dame of the Collar of the Order of Civil Merit Recipients nbsp Spain Knight Dame of the Collar of the Order of Isabella the Catholic Recipients nbsp Spain Knight Dame of the Collar of the Civil Order of Alfonso X the Wise Recipients nbsp United Kingdom Recipient of the Royal Victorian Chain America edit nbsp Antigua and Barbuda Knight Dame Grand Collar of the Order of the Nation nbsp Argentina Collar of the Order of the Liberator General San Martin Recipients nbsp Queen Elizabeth II wearing the Grand Collar of the Brazilian Order of the Southern Cross 2006 nbsp Bolivia Grand Collar of the Order of the Condor of the Andes nbsp Brazil Grand Collar of the National Order of the Southern Cross nbsp Brazil Grand Collar of the National Congress Order pt nbsp Minas Gerais Grand Collar of the Medal of Inconfidencia pt nbsp Chile Collar of the Order of the Merit of Chile nbsp Chile Collar of the Order of Bernardo O Higgins nbsp Colombia Grand Collar of the Order of Boyaca nbsp Colombia Grand Collar of the Order of San Carlos nbsp Dominican Republic Collar of the Order of Merit of Duarte Sanchez and Mella nbsp Dominican Republic Collar of the Order of Christopher Columbus nbsp Ecuador Grand Collar of the National Order of San Lorenzo nbsp Ecuador Grand Collar of the National Order of Merit nbsp Grenada Knight Dame Grand Collar of the Order of Grenada nbsp Guatemala Collar of the Order of the Quetzal nbsp Guatemala Collar of the Order of Antonio Jose de Irisarri nbsp Honduras Grand Collar of the Jose Cecilio del Valle Order es nbsp Mexico Collar of the Order of the Aztec Eagle nbsp Nicaragua Collar of the Order of Ruben Dario es nbsp Panama Collar of the Order of Manuel Amador Guerrero nbsp Paraguay Collar of the National Order of Merit nbsp Peru Grand Collar of the Order of the Sun of Peru nbsp Venezuela Collar of the Order of the Liberator Africa edit nbsp Egypt Collar of the Order of the Nile nbsp Egypt Collar of the Order of the Republic nbsp Ethiopia nbsp House of Solomon Collar of the Order of the Seal of Solomon nbsp House of Solomon Collar of the Order of the Queen of Sheba nbsp House of Solomon Grand Cross with Collar of the Order of the Holy Trinity nbsp Ivory Coast Collar of the National Order of the Ivory Coast nbsp Libya nbsp House of Senussi Grand Collar of the Order of Idris I nbsp Rwanda nbsp House of Ndahindurwa Knight Grand Collar of the Royal Order of the Drum nbsp Sudan Collar of Honour Asia edit Middle East edit nbsp Bahrain Collar of the Order of Khalifa It nbsp Jordan Collar of the Order of al Hussein bin Ali nbsp Kuwait Collar of the Order of Mubarak the Great nbsp Oman Collar of the Order of Al Said nbsp Palestine Grand Collar of the State of Palestine nbsp Saudi Arabia Badr Chain Ar nbsp Saudi Arabia Collar of the Order of Abdulaziz al Saud nbsp United Arab Emirates Collar of the Order of Zayed South East amp North Asia edit nbsp China Friendship Medal nbsp Manchukuo Collar of the Grand Order of the Orchid Blossom nbsp East Timor Grand Collar of the Order of Timor Leste nbsp Japan Collar of the Order of the Chrysanthemum nbsp Laos nbsp Lao royal family Grand Cross with Collar of the Order of the Million Elephants and the White Parasol nbsp Philippines Grand Collar Maringal na Kuwintas of the Order of the Golden Heart Recipients nbsp Philippines Grand Collar Supremo of the Order of Lakandula Recipients nbsp Philippines Grand Collar Raja of the Order of Sikatuna nbsp South Korea Collar of the Grand Order of Mugunghwa Oceania edit nbsp Tonga Knight Grand Cross with Collar of the Royal Order of Pouono nbsp Tonga Knight Grand Cross with Collar of the Order of the Crown of Tonga nbsp Tonga Knight Grand Cross with Collar of the Order of Queen Salote Tupou III indicates that the insignia must be returned upon the death of the recipient indicates that the order is now dormant but has not been formally abolishedGallery edit nbsp Collar of the Order of Leopold Austria nbsp Collar of the Order of the Iron Crown Austrian Empire nbsp Grand Collar of the National Order of the Southern Cross Brazil nbsp Star and Collar of a Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Star of India British Raj nbsp Collar of the Friendship Medal China nbsp Coat of arms of Frederick IV of Denmark and Norway surrounded by the collars of the Order of the Dannebrog and the Order of the Elephant nbsp Collar of the Order of the Elephant Denmark nbsp Collar of the Order of St Michael France nbsp Collar of the Order of St Stephen Hungary nbsp Collar of a Knight of the Order of St Patrick Ireland nbsp Collar of the Supreme Order of the Chrysanthemum Japan nbsp Collar of the Order of St Prince Lazar Kingdom of Serbia Kingdom of Yugoslavia and Royal House of Serbia nbsp Collar of the Grand Order of the Orchid Blossom Manchukuo nbsp Collar of the Order of St Januarius line drawing Naples nbsp Keten van de Noorse Order of St Olaf Norway nbsp Star and Collar of the Order of the Thistle Scotland nbsp Collar of the Order of Carlos III Spain nbsp Collar of the Order of Isabella the Catholic Spain nbsp Collar of the Order of Civil Merit Spain nbsp Collar of the Order of the Golden Fleece Spain and Austrian Empire nbsp Collar of the Order of the Seraphim Sweden nbsp Collar of the Order of the Sword Sweden nbsp Collar of the Order of the Polar Star Sweden nbsp Collar of the Order of Vasa Sweden nbsp Collar the Order of Saint Joseph Tuscany and Wurzburg nbsp Collar of the Order of the Garter United Kingdom nbsp The Star and Collar of a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George United Kingdom nbsp Star and Collar of a Knight Grand Cross of the civil division of the Order of the Bath United Kingdom and Commonwealth nbsp Star and Collar of a Knight Grand Cross of the military division of the Order of the Bath nbsp Collar of the Order of Saint Sylvester and the Golden Militia Vatican Line drawings from Maximilian Gritzner 1893 nbsp Collar of the Supreme Order of Christ Vatican References edit a b Syr Gawayn and the Grene Knyzt Concluded J R Hulbert Modern Philology Vol 13 No 12 Apr 1916 140 Evans Joan 1989 01 01 A History of Jewellery 1100 1870 Courier Corporation p 77 ISBN 978 0 486 26122 5 Men s fashion Fashions of the Hapsburg Era Austria Hungary Metropolitan Museum of Art 1979 p 3 Fontenay Eugene 1887 Les bijoux anciens et modernes in French Maison Quantin p 189 Boulton d Arcy Jonathan Dacre 2000 The Knights of the Crown The Monarchical Orders of Knighthood in Later Medieval Europe 1325 1520 Boydell Press p 442 ISBN 978 0 85115 795 5 Chaffanjon Arnaud 1969 Les grands ordres de Chevalerie in French S E R G p 117 Bonfait Olivier Desmas Anne Lise Marin Brigitte 2003 Les portraits du pouvoir actes du colloque in French Somogy p 231 ISBN 978 2 85056 608 0 Arnoul Francois 1647 Institution de l Ordre du Collier Celeste du Sacre Rosaire in French Paris amp Lyon Jacques Carteron Ashmole Elias 1672 7 The Habit and Ensigns of the Order The Institution Laws and Ceremonies of the Most Noble Order of the Garter J Macock p 222 See also editBritish honours system Collar jewelry Collar day Livery collar Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Collar order amp oldid 1188631152, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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