The term "paragroup" is a portmanteau of the terms paraphyletichaplogroup indicating that paragroups form paraphyletic subclades.[1] Apart from the mutations that define the parent haplogroup, paragroups may not possess any additional unique markers. Alternatively paragroups may possess unique markers that have not been discovered. If a unique marker is discovered within a paragroup, the specific lineage is given a unique name and is moved out of the paragroup to form an independent subclade.
For example, the paragroup of human Y-DNA Haplogroup DE is DE*. A member of DE* has the marker that defines DE, but not the markers that define DE's only known immediate subclades, haplogroups D and E.[2] Likewise, haplogroup E1b1b1g (also known as E-M293) is an example of a relatively new subclade, discovered within a previously designated paragroup and assigned a new name. Until the SNP/UEP marker M293 was discovered in 2008, the members of the subclade were indistinguishable from other components of the paragroup E1b1b1* (also known as E3b* and E-M35*).[3]
Another example is a member of the Y-DNAhaplogroup R (defined by marker M207) may belong to the sub-haplogroup R1 (defined by marker M173) or R2 (defined by marker M124). Individuals with neither of these mutations would be categorised as belonging to haplogroup R*.
Referencesedit
^ abThe Y Chromosome Consortium, T. Y. C. (2002). "A Nomenclature System for the Tree of Human Y-Chromosomal Binary Haplogroups" (PDF). Genome Research. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. 12 (2): 339–48. doi:10.1101/gr.217602. PMC155271. PMID 11827954.
^Weale, Michael E.; et al. (2003). "Rare Deep-Rooting Y Chromosome Lineages in Humans: Lessons for Phylogeography". Genetics. 165 (1): 229–34. doi:10.1093/genetics/165.1.229. PMC1462739. PMID 14504230.
^Henn, BM; et al. (2008). "Y-chromosomal evidence of a pastoralist migration through Tanzania to southern Africa". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. PNAS. 105 (31): 10693–8. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10510693H. doi:10.1073/pnas.0801184105. PMC2504844. PMID 18678889.
paragroup, confused, with, para, group, term, used, population, genetics, describe, lineages, within, haplogroup, that, defined, additional, unique, markers, human, chromosome, haplogroups, paragroups, typically, represented, asterisk, placed, after, main, hap. Not to be confused with Para Group Paragroup is a term used in population genetics to describe lineages within a haplogroup that are not defined by any additional unique markers In human Y chromosome DNA haplogroups paragroups are typically represented by an asterisk placed after the main haplogroup 1 The term paragroup is a portmanteau of the terms paraphyletic haplogroup indicating that paragroups form paraphyletic subclades 1 Apart from the mutations that define the parent haplogroup paragroups may not possess any additional unique markers Alternatively paragroups may possess unique markers that have not been discovered If a unique marker is discovered within a paragroup the specific lineage is given a unique name and is moved out of the paragroup to form an independent subclade For example the paragroup of human Y DNA Haplogroup DE is DE A member of DE has the marker that defines DE but not the markers that define DE s only known immediate subclades haplogroups D and E 2 Likewise haplogroup E1b1b1g also known as E M293 is an example of a relatively new subclade discovered within a previously designated paragroup and assigned a new name Until the SNP UEP marker M293 was discovered in 2008 the members of the subclade were indistinguishable from other components of the paragroup E1b1b1 also known as E3b and E M35 3 Another example is a member of the Y DNA haplogroup R defined by marker M207 may belong to the sub haplogroup R1 defined by marker M173 or R2 defined by marker M124 Individuals with neither of these mutations would be categorised as belonging to haplogroup R References edit a b The Y Chromosome Consortium T Y C 2002 A Nomenclature System for the Tree of Human Y Chromosomal Binary Haplogroups PDF Genome Research Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 12 2 339 48 doi 10 1101 gr 217602 PMC 155271 PMID 11827954 Weale Michael E et al 2003 Rare Deep Rooting Y Chromosome Lineages in Humans Lessons for Phylogeography Genetics 165 1 229 34 doi 10 1093 genetics 165 1 229 PMC 1462739 PMID 14504230 Henn BM et al 2008 Y chromosomal evidence of a pastoralist migration through Tanzania to southern Africa Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America PNAS 105 31 10693 8 Bibcode 2008PNAS 10510693H doi 10 1073 pnas 0801184105 PMC 2504844 PMID 18678889 Phylogenetic tree of human mitochondrial DNA mtDNA haplogroups Mitochondrial Eve L L0 L1 6 L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6M N CZ D E G Q O A S R I W X YC Z B F R0 pre JT P UHV JT KH V J T Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Paragroup amp oldid 1044029201, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
