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Kula language

Kula (Kola) or Lamtoka (Lantoka), also known as Tanglapui, is a Papuan language spoken in villages on the north coast, south coast and mountainous interior of Alor Island in Indonesia. Dialects are Kula proper, Kulatela, Watena, Kula Watena, Iramang, Larena, Sumang, and Arumaka. Most settlements where Kula is spoken are "new villages" that have only been inhabited since the 1960s. Due to this recent resettlement, and since usage of the language is discouraged in schools, Kula is an endangered language.[2]

Kula
Tanglapui
Native toIndonesia
RegionAlor Island
Native speakers
(5,000 cited 1997)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3tpg
Glottologkula1280
ELPKula

Phonology edit

The data in this section are taken from Williams (2017).[2] Phonemes in brackets are "marginal phonemes".

Consonants edit

Consonant phonemes
Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar
plain labial
Nasal m n ŋ ⟨ng⟩
Plosive voiceless p t k () ⟨kw⟩
voiced b d g () ⟨gw⟩
Affricate (d͡ʒ) ⟨j⟩
Fricative (β) ⟨w⟩ s
Liquid trill (r)
lateral l
Semivowel j ⟨y⟩ w

Vowels edit

Front Central Back
High i u
ɪ ⟨í⟩
Mid e o
Low ɐ ⟨á⟩
a

References edit

  1. ^ Kula at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. ^ a b Williams, Nicholas J. (2017). "Kula". In Schapper, Antoinette (ed.). The Papuan Languages of Timor, Alor and Pantar: Volume 2. Walter de Gruyter. pp. 185–266.

External links edit

  • ELAR archive of Documenting Language and Interaction in Kula

kula, language, confused, with, bantu, australian, vanuatu, kula, kola, lamtoka, lantoka, also, known, tanglapui, papuan, language, spoken, villages, north, coast, south, coast, mountainous, interior, alor, island, indonesia, dialects, kula, proper, kulatela, . Not to be confused with Kula language Bantu Kula language Australian or Kula language Vanuatu Kula Kola or Lamtoka Lantoka also known as Tanglapui is a Papuan language spoken in villages on the north coast south coast and mountainous interior of Alor Island in Indonesia Dialects are Kula proper Kulatela Watena Kula Watena Iramang Larena Sumang and Arumaka Most settlements where Kula is spoken are new villages that have only been inhabited since the 1960s Due to this recent resettlement and since usage of the language is discouraged in schools Kula is an endangered language 2 KulaTanglapuiNative toIndonesiaRegionAlor IslandNative speakers 5 000 cited 1997 1 Language familyTrans New Guinea West Bomberai Timor Alor PantarAlor PantarAlorEastTanglapuiKulaLanguage codesISO 639 3 a href https iso639 3 sil org code tpg class extiw title iso639 3 tpg tpg a Glottologkula1280ELPKula Contents 1 Phonology 1 1 Consonants 1 2 Vowels 2 References 3 External linksPhonology editThe data in this section are taken from Williams 2017 2 Phonemes in brackets are marginal phonemes Consonants edit Consonant phonemes Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar plain labial Nasal m n ŋ ng Plosive voiceless p t k kʷ kw voiced b d g gʷ gw Affricate d ʒ j Fricative b w s Liquid trill r lateral l Semivowel j y w Vowels edit Front Central Back High i u ɪ i Mid e o Low ɐ a aReferences edit Kula at Ethnologue 18th ed 2015 subscription required a b Williams Nicholas J 2017 Kula In Schapper Antoinette ed The Papuan Languages of Timor Alor and Pantar Volume 2 Walter de Gruyter pp 185 266 External links editELAR archive of Documenting Language and Interaction in Kula nbsp This article about Trans New Guinea languages is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Kula language amp oldid 1215534458, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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