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Excellency

Excellency is an honorific style given to certain high-level officers of a sovereign state, officials of an international organization, or members of an aristocracy. Once entitled to the title "Excellency", the holder usually retains the right to that courtesy throughout their lifetime,[1] although in some cases the title is attached to a particular office and is held only during tenure of that office.[2]

Their Excellencies the Lords Justices of England, for the administration of the Government during the absence of the King by Robert White.

Generally people addressed as Excellency are heads of state, heads of government, governors, ambassadors, Roman Catholic bishops, high-ranking ecclesiastics and others holding equivalent rank, such as heads of international organizations.[3] Members of royal families generally have distinct addresses such as Majesty, Highness, etc.

While not a title of office itself, the honorific Excellency precedes various titles held by the holder, both in speech and in writing. In reference to such an official, it takes the form His or Her Excellency; in direct address, Your Excellency, or, less formally, simply Excellency. The abbreviation HE is often used instead of His/Her Excellency; alternatively it may stand for His Eminence.

Government Edit

Heads of state and government Edit

In most republican nation states, the head of state is formally referred to as His or Her Excellency.[4]

If a republic has a separate head of government, that official is almost always addressed as Excellency as well. If the nation is a monarchy, however, the customs may vary. For example, in the case of Australia, all ambassadors, high commissioners, state governors and the governor-general and their spouses are entitled to the use of Excellency.

Governors of colonies in the British Empire were entitled to be addressed as Excellency and this remains the position for the governors of what are now known as British Overseas Territories.[5]

International diplomacy Edit

In various international organizations, notably the UN and its agencies, Excellency is used as a generic form of address for all republican heads of state and heads of government. It is often granted to the organization's head as well, and to those chiefs of UN diplomatic missions, such as Resident Coordinators (who are the designated representatives of the Secretary-General), who are accredited at the Head of State level (like an Ambassador), or at the lower Head of Government level.

In recent years, some international organizations, such as the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, or the European Union, have designated their permanent representatives in third countries as ambassadors, although they do not represent sovereign entities. This is now largely accepted, and because these ambassadors rank after the UN representative in the orders of precedence of representatives of international organizations, the UN coming naturally first as pre-eminent, the UN Resident Coordinators are now also commonly but informally referred to in diplomatic circles as ambassadors, although the UN itself does not refer to them in this way.

International judiciary Edit

Judges of the International Court of Justice also enjoy the style of Excellency.

Monarchy Edit

Royalty Edit

In some monarchies the husbands, wives, or children of a royal prince or princess, who do not possess a princely title themselves, may be entitled to the style. For example, in Spain spouses or children of a born infante or infanta are addressed as Excellency, if not accorded a higher style.

Former members of a royal house or family, who have forfeited a royal title, may be awarded the style afterwards. Examples are former husbands or wives of a royal prince or princess, including Alexandra, Countess of Frederiksborg, following her divorce from Prince Joachim of Denmark. Likewise, Count Carl Johan Bernadotte of Wisborg, who lost his succession rights to the Swedish throne and discontinued use of his royal titles in 1946 when he married the commoner Elin Kerstin Margaretha Wijkmark, was accorded the style.

In some emirates, such as Kuwait and Qatar, the Emir, heir apparent and prime minister are called His Highness. Their children are styled with His/Her Excellency unless they possess a higher honorific.

Nobility Edit

In Spain members of the high nobility, holding the dignity of grandee, are addressed as The Most Excellent Lord/Lady.

In Denmark, some counts (lensgrever), historically those related by blood or marriage to the Danish monarch, who have entered a morganatic marriage or otherwise left the Royal Family have the right to be styled as Your Excellency, e.g., the Counts of Danneskiold-Samsøe, some of the counts of Rosenborg and the Countess of Frederiksborg (ad personam).

In the Sultanate of Sulu, senior nobility and holders of royal offices that are granted the title of Datu Sadja are addressed as His/Her Excellency.[6]

Knights Edit

Excellency can also attach to a prestigious quality, notably in an order of knighthood. For example, in the Empire of Brazil, it was attached to the highest classes, each time called Grand Cross, of all three imperial orders: Imperial Order of Pedro I, Imperial Order of the Southern Cross with the military honours of a Lieutenant general and Order of the Rose.

Knights Collar and Knights Grand Cross of the Spanish Orders of Chivalry, such as the Order of Charles III, Order of Isabella the Catholic, Order of Civil Merit, Order of Alfonso X the Wise, Royal Order of Sports Merit, Civil Order of Health, as well as recipients of the Grand Cross of Military, Naval, and Aeronautical Merit are addressed as such. Furthermore, Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem, Order of Saint Gregory the Great and the Order of St. Sylvester of the Holy See, and Grand Cross of The Lion, Crested Crane, Crown, and The Drum of Rwanda, and Knights of the Order of the Golden Fleece, and Knights Grand Cross of several other orders of high prestige, are often addressed as Excellency.[7]

Ecclesiastical use Edit

By a decree of the Sacred Congregation of Ceremonial of 31 December 1930[8] the Holy See granted bishops of the Catholic Church the title of Most Reverend Excellency or Excellentia Reverendissima in Latin. In the years following the First World War, the ambassadorial title of Excellency, previously given to nuncios, had already begun to be used by other Catholic bishops. The adjective Most Reverend was intended to distinguish the religious title from that of Excellency given to civil officials.

The instruction Ut sive sollicite of the Holy See's Secretariat of State, dated 28 March 1969, made the addition of Most Reverend optional,[9] sanctioning what had always been the practice, except possibly for the beginnings of letters and the like.

According to the letter of the decree of 31 December 1930, titular patriarchs too were to be addressed with the title of (Most Reverend) Excellency, but in practice the Holy See continued to address them with the title of Beatitude, which was formally sanctioned for them with the motu proprio Cleri sanctitati of 2 June 1957.

Cardinals, even those who were bishops, continued to use the title of Eminence.

Eastern Orthodox titular metropolitans are addressed with the style of Excellency.

In some English-speaking countries, the honorific of Excellency does not apply to bishops other than the nuncio. In English law, Anglican archbishops are granted the title of His/Her Grace, similar to a duke, and bishops are granted the title of Lord. The same titles are extended by courtesy to their Catholic counterparts, and continue in use in most countries that are or have been members of the Commonwealth,[citation needed] with the exception of the former British East African countries of Kenya, Uganda of Tanzania.

By country Edit

Afghanistan Edit

In Afghanistan the title Jalalat Mahab is used for Sardars, or Princes of the former Muhammadzai Dynasty, who are descendants of the Afghan King Sultan Mohammed Khan Telai. Although Jalalat Mahab is derived from the Arabic term Jalalat literally meaning His Majesty, it is regarded as equal to His Excellency or His Royal Highness internationally.

The descendants of King Nadir Shah held the title Alaa Hazrat in which context Hazrat is Turkish and means Majesty or Highness and thus literally translated means Higher Majesty or Higher Highness and is internationally also equal to His Royal Highness. The King himself held the title Alaa Hazrat Humayoon which literally translated means His Most Noble Majesty, and can be equalized with His Majesty internationally. President Daoud Khan, the Cousin of the last Afghan King Zahir Shah, who acted as Prime Minister under his cousin held the address Jalalat Mahab Aali Qadr Sardari Alaa during his term as Prime Minister.

Albania Edit

The president, the chairman of the Parliament and the prime minister are addressed as His/Her Excellency.

Armenia Edit

The president, the prime minister, the chairman of the Parliament, as well as ministers and ambassadors of Armenia are addressed as Excellency, which in Armenian is Ձերդ գերազանցութիւն, Romanized Dzerd gerazancutiwn. The members of the traditional Armenian nobility are also addressed as Excellency, which in Armenian it is Ձերդ պայծառութիւն Romanized as Dzerd paytzarrowtiwn, literally Your Brightness.

Bangladesh Edit

In Bangladesh the president, prime minister, the speaker of the Parliament and international diplomats are styled with His/Her Excellency.

Barbados Edit

The president, is styled with His/Her Excellency formally while their informal title is "Mr./ Madam President".

Belgium Edit

Members of the Council of Ministers of Belgium, consisting of the prime minister, deputy prime minister(s), other ministers, and Secretaries of state, and also honorary ministers of state, are entitled to the style of His/Her Excellency.

The style is also used for the governors of Belgium, which are governors of the ten provinces of Belgium, governor of Brussels, governor of the national bank of Belgium and both foreign ambassadors in Belgium and Belgian ambassadors to other countries.

Moreover, within the Catholic Church in Belgium, the (arch-)bishops and (pro-)nuntia are addressed as His Excellency Monsignor or Zijne Excellentie Monseigneur in Dutch, Son Excellence Monseigneur in French and Seine Exzellenz Monsignore in German .

Brazil Edit

In 1991, the Brazilian Presidential Office issued a composition manual to establish the appropriate usage of the Portuguese language for all government agencies. The manual states that the title of Excelência (Excellency) is the proper form used to address the president and vice president, all members of parliament and judges, among other officials.[10]

Cambodia Edit

In the Kingdom of Cambodia, deputy prime ministers, senior ministers, members of the Council of Ministers, secretary of state, and members of Parliament are addressed as "His/Her Excellency" (Khmer: ឯកឧត្ដម, Êk Ŏtdâm/លោកជំទាវ, Loŭk Chumtéav).

Commonwealth of Nations Edit

Within the Commonwealth of Nations, the following officials usually use the style His or Her Excellency:

While reference may be made to the King's Most Excellent Majesty, the style Excellency is not used with reference to the King.

Chile Edit

The president of Chile and the president of the Chamber of Deputies of Chile are addressed by the style "His/Her Excellency".

Germany Edit

The president of Germany and chancellor of Germany are both addressed by the style "Excellency" in international diplomacy, albeit not domestically.

India Edit

 
His Excellency The Right Hon. Sir Gilbert John Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, Earl of Minto, former Viceroy and Governor-General of India.

The president of India and governors of Indian states are addressed as Rāshtrapati Mahoday (राष्ट्रपति महोदय/ महोदया, Honourable President) and Rājyapāl Mahoday or Rājyapāl Mahodaya (if lady) (राज्यपाल महोदय/Honourable Governor) respectively.

His/Her Excellency, a custom dating from the ancient times wherein the Samrāt and Sāmrājñi (सम्राट, साम्राज्ञी/Emperor, Empress), Generals, Kings, Ambassadors were addressed. A classic example is addressing Devvrat (Bhishma) as महामहिम भीष्म (His/Your Excellency Bhishma) in Mahabharat.

However the Constitution makers[clarification needed] approved will discontinue "ancient era" styles of Mahāmahim. The same release states that in English (which is the other language in which subsidiary official communications are released in the Central Government of India in its capacity of Sahāyak Rājabhāśhā: Subsidiary Officiating language) the style Honourable shall replace the erstwhile His/Her/Your Excellency. The newer style will be Honourable.

The corresponding changes in releases from the President's Secretariat shall be from Mahāmahim to Rāshtrapatiji.[12] The release also talks about the styles of other dignitaries, like governors. "Hon'ble" will be used before the titles "president" and "governor", while the traditional honorifics Shri or Smt. (Shrimati) should precede the name.

However, "Excellency" will continue to be used, only for interaction of leaders with foreign dignitaries and foreign dignitaries with Indian leaders as is customary international practice.

Ireland Edit

The president of Ireland is addressed as Your Excellency or in the Irish language, a Shoilse (literally, "brightness (VOC)".[13] Alternatively, one may address the president simply as President or in the Irish language a Uachtaráin.

Italy Edit

The president of Italy and the prime minister of Italy (officially called President of the Council of Ministers) are addressed as "His/Her Excellency" in international diplomacy. Furthermore, the terms "president" and "premier" are used as well. This latter is an informal and common address for the prime minister of Italy. For both institutional charges, the term "president" is usually exploited in formal and informal situations.

Jordan Edit

Like many countries that once formed part of the Ottoman Empire, His/Her Excellency is used as the style for those with the title of Bey or Pasha. In Arabic the latter titles are often included between the first and last names of the holder, while in English the titles are not usually included and the style of His/Her Excellency is used on its own. Those styled this way include government ministers, senior military officers, and the husbands and children of Princesses.

Kenya Edit

The president of Kenya is addressed as "His/Her Excellency".

The governors of the counties and diplomats are also addressed as "His/Her Excellency".

Malaysia Edit

The governors (Yang di-Pertua Negeri) of Melaka, Penang, Sabah, and Sarawak are addressed as "His Excellency" (Tuan Yang Terutama). High commissioners and ambassadors are also addressed as "His/Her Excellency" (Tuan/Puan Yang Terutama).

Myanmar Edit

The president of Myanmar, first lady, state counsellor, vice-presidents of Myanmar, speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, speaker of the House of Nationalities, speaker of the House of Representatives of Myanmar, governor of the Central Bank of Myanmar, members of the Cabinet of Myanmar, chief ministers of states and regions of Myanmar, mayors and ambassadors are addressed as "His/Her Excellency" while justices of the Supreme Court of Myanmar are addressed as "The Honourable".

The Netherlands Edit

Members of the cabinet of the Netherlands (prime minister, deputy prime minister(s), other ministers, and state secretaries), but also honorary ministers of state, are entitled to the style of "His/Her Excellency".

The style is also used for the executive officers of the Dutch royal court (great officers of the Royal House, hofmarschall, equerrys), governors of the constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Netherlands (Aruba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten), ambassadors (both foreign ambassadors in the Netherlands and Dutch ambassadors to other countries), judges of the International Court of Justice, and flag- and general officers of three-star rank and above (generals, lieutenant-generals, lieutenant-admirals, and vice-admirals).

Moreover, within the Catholic Church in the Netherlands, the (arch-)bishops and (pro-)nuntia are addressed as "His Most Reverend Excellency" (i.e. in Dutch as Zijne Hoogwaardige Excellentie).

Nigeria Edit

The president of Nigeria and vice-president of Nigeria shares the style "His/Her Excellency" with the various governors and their deputies of the country's regional states as well as their wives.

Pakistan Edit

The prime minister of Pakistan and the president of Pakistan, are both addressed as "His/Her Excellency".

Peru Edit

The president of Peru is addressed as "His/Her Excellency" (In Spanish: Su Excelencia) if in diplomatic context.

Philippines Edit

The president (Filipino: pangulo; Spanish and colloquially: presidente) is addressed in English as "Your Excellency" and "Sir" or "Ma'am" thereafter, and is referred to "His/Her Excellency". The president can also less formally be addressed as "Mister/Madam President". In Filipino, the president may be referred to with the more formal title of "Ang Mahál na Pangulo", with "mahál" connoting greatness and high social importance.[nb 1]

Populist president Rodrigo Duterte has expressed dislike for the traditional title. After assuming office in June 2016, he ordered that the title, along with all honorifics, be dropped from official communications, events, and materials but instead, he be addressed only as "Mayor" since people are already used to calling him as such due to Duterte being the longest-serving mayor of Davao City and that his cabinet officials only be addressed as "Secretary". Other government officials followed suit by abandoning use of "The Honorable".[14] However, despite the prior unofficial abandonment, the president continues to be addressed as "Excellency" in formal correspondences and petitions, either verbally or written.

All other local and national government officials are styled "The Honorable"; both titles, however, may be glossed in Filipino as Ang Kagalang-galang.

Portugal Edit

In Portugal, the proper style of the president is "His/Her Excellency" (Portuguese: Sua Excelência).

Somalia Edit

The president of Somalia is addressed as "His/Her Excellency" or "Jaale". Jaale was also a title used by armed forces staff officers of all branches, especially in the Aden Adde-Shermarke Era, and the Barre Era but has now is rare and has become a title for civil servants and senior government secretaries.

South Africa Edit

The president of South Africa (and historically the state president of the South African Republic), is (and was) addressed as "His/Her Excellency" if in a formal context.

South Korea Edit

The president of South Korea is addressed as "His/Her Excellency" (Korean: 각하, romanizedgagha) if in a formal context both inside and outside of South Korea.

Spain Edit

Spain uses the title "The Most Excellent" extensively as a formal address to high officers of the state. The following officials receive the treatment:

  • The prime minister[15] and former prime ministers,[16] current and former deputy prime ministers of the central government, current and former government ministers,[17] current junior ministers (secretaries of state) and the undersecretary of the Foreign Ministry.
  • Government delegates.[18]
  • Ambassadors and ministers plenipotentiaries of first and second rank.[19]
  • Captain generals, generals of the army, admiral generals, generals of the Air, lieutenant generals, admirals, divisional generals, vice-admirals, brigadier generals, and counter admirals.[20]
  • The president, councillors, and secretary general of the Council of State, as well as the chief counsels of the Council of State.[21]
  • The president and former presidents of each of the autonomous communities, as well as the sitting councillors (regional ministers).
  • The president of the Congress of Deputies, the president of the Senate, all members of the Cortes Generales (although the later are usually addressed as "His/Her Lordship" (sp. Su señoría).
  • The members of the General Council of the Judiciary, the president and the judges of the Spanish Supreme Court, the Spanish Attorney General, and the members of the Spanish Constitutional Court.
  • The presidents and numeraries of the eight Royal Academies.
  • The governor of the Bank of Spain.
  • The presidents of the three Foral Deputation (provincial governments) of the Basque Country, and the president of the Deputation of Barcelona.
  • The rectors of the Universities (usually addressed as His/Her Excellency and Magnificence).
  • Grandees of Spain and their consort, as well the Heirs of Grandees and their consort
  • Knights/Dames of the Collar and Knights/Dames Grand Cross of the Spanish military and civilian orders

The style "His Excellency", which has a higher connotation than "The Most Excellent", is instead reserved for the children of an Infante or Infanta, who have the rank (but not the title) of Grandees.[22]

Sri Lanka Edit

The president of Sri Lanka was addressed as His/Her Excellency. This was until 2022, when President Ranil Wickremesinghe banned the use. However, it is still used diplomatically.

Sweden Edit

The Swedish language title and forms of address are Hans/Hennes Excellens (His/Her Excellency) and Ers Excellens (Your Excellency).

During most of the 20th century in Sweden, only three officials (other than foreign ambassadors accredited in Sweden and Swedish ambassadors at their post) were granted to the style of Excellency: the prime minister, the minister for foreign affairs and the marshal of the realm (the highest ranking courtier). They were indeed collectively referred to as "the three excellencies" (Swedish: de tre excellenserna)[23][24] In the 1970s it fell out of custom in Sweden to address the prime minister and the minister of foreign affairs as such, although they continue to be addressed as such in United Nations protocol and in other diplomatic writing.[25]

Prior to the 19th century, a Lord of the Realm (Swedish: En af Rikets Herrar) and a member of the Council of the Realm were also entitled to the style as Excellency.

Thailand Edit

The prime Minister of Thailand, deputy prime ministers, other cabinet members, governors and ambassadors are addressed as "His/Her Excellency".[26]

Turkey Edit

In the English language, the president and the vice-president, cabinet ministers, ambassadors, and some other high-ranking bureaucrats are addressed as Excellency.

In the Turkish language, honorific titles are no longer used since the 1923 modernisation of the language; under Atatürk's Reforms. Instead of Excellency, dignitaries are addressed using the Turkish word for Honorable (Turkish: Sayın) followed by their office.[27] For example, an ambassador of Turkey would be addressed simply as Honorable Ambassador (Turkish: Sayın Büyükelçi). It is important to emphasise that this distinction only applies when speaking in the Turkish language, not in English. Additionally, in very rare ceremonial circumstances, the word Excellency is used in Turkish. An example would be the formal accreditation of a Turkish ambassador, wherein the letter of confidence authored by the Turkish president would address the ambassador as Excellency (Turkish: Ekselansları).

United States Edit

In the United States, the form Excellency was commonly used for George Washington during his service as commander-in-chief of the Continental Army and later when president of the United States, but it began to fall out of use with his successor John Adams, and today is sometimes replaced in direct address with the simple Mr. President or the Honorable.

Nevertheless, in the protocol of many foreign countries and United Nations, the president and the secretary of state are usually referred to as Excellency. Diplomatic correspondence to President Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War, as during the Trent Affair, for instance, frequently addressed him as Your Excellency.

The form Excellency was used for the governors of most of the original Thirteen Colonies, and the practice formally continued after independence. For example, the term was formerly used in Georgia on the state governor's letterhead, the text of executive orders, any document that required the governor's signature, and informal settings. However, in most states the practice fell out of use (or was never introduced) and the title Honorable is now used instead.[28]

Though the U.S. president and U.S. ambassadors are traditionally accorded the style elsewhere, the U.S. government does not usually use Excellency for its own chiefs of missions, preferring Honorable instead.

See also Edit

Notes Edit

  1. ^ The Tagalog word "mahál" is often translated as "love" and "expensive", but its original sense has a range of meanings from "treasured" to "the most valuable". It is often applied to royalty, roughly equivalent to the Western "Majesty" (e.g. Mahál na Harì, "His Majesty, the King"; Kamahalan, "Your Majesty"), and at times used for lower-ranking nobles in the manner of "Highness", which has the more exact translation of Kataás-taasan. It is also found in religious contexts, such as referring to Catholic patron saints, the Blessed Virgin Mary (e.g. Ang Mahál na Ina/Birhen), or Christ (e.g., Ang Mahál na Poóng Nazareno).

References Edit

  1. ^ "Forms of Address". Garza Protocol Associates. 22 March 2017. Retrieved 9 June 2021.
  2. ^ Protocol - The Complete Handbook of Diplomatic, Official, and Social Usage (page 21), by Mary Jane McCaffree and Pauline Innes, published by Hepburn Books, Dallas, Texas [1] 1 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine, 1977, 1985, 1989, 1997 ISBN 0-941402-04-5
  3. ^ "Protocol and Liaison Service" (PDF). 24 August 2016. Retrieved 9 June 2021.
  4. ^ "Три привітання для Януковича (Three greetings for Yanukovych)". Blogs.pravda.com.ua. 5 September 2012.
  5. ^ Williams, Stephanie (2011). Running the Show: Governors of the British Empire. Viking. ISBN 978-0-670-91804-1.
  6. ^ "Nobility of Sulu". ROYAL AND HASHEMITE ORDER OF THE PEARL. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  7. ^ "Satow, Ernest Mason, Sir - A Guide to Diplomatic Practice". 10 March 2001. Retrieved 1 February 2013.
  8. ^ Acta Apostolicae Sedis 1931, p. 22; L'Osservatore Romano 24 January 1931.
  9. ^ Ut sive sollicite, 22
  10. ^ Manual de Redação da Presidência da República (in Portuguese)
  11. ^ "General examples of addressing or referring in speech to titled and official persons". Victoria State Government, Department of Premier and Cabinet. Retrieved 21 November 2018.
  12. ^ President's Secretariat (3 October 2012). "President Approves New Protocol Practice". Press Information Bureau, Government or India. Retrieved 31 January 2014.
  13. ^ Gosling, James Patrick (12 September 2019). Raymond Queneau's Dubliners: Bewildered by Excess of Love. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. ISBN 9781527539907 – via Google Books.
  14. ^ Salaverria, Leila B. (22 July 2016). "Don't call me 'Your Excellency'". The Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved 19 January 2017.
  15. ^ Arts. 3 y 13 del RD 1051/2002
  16. ^ Real Decreto 405/1992
  17. ^ Real Decreto 5 de enero de 1786, estableciendo el tratamiento de Excelentísimo Señor en la correspondencia de oficio a los Secretarios del despacho universal (Novísima Recopilación, l. 2, t. 12, l. 6); Real Decreto de 16 de mayo de 1788:

    "Para evitar la variedad con que se ha procedido por diversas personas y secretarías en quanto (sic) a tratamientos, después de vista y examinada la materia en mi Suprema Junta de Estado, he venido en declarar que el tratamiento de excelencia se dé enteramente poniendo encima de los escritos excelentísimo señor a los grandes y consejeros de Estado, o que tienen honores de tales, como hasta aquí se ha hecho [...]"

    Por su parte, el Decreto de las Cortes de Cádiz de 8 de junio de 1812 establece que los Secretarios de Estado y del Despacho, que lo fueren en propiedad, y mientras permanecieren en el empleo, tendrán el mismo tratamiento que los consejeros de Estado. Mediante Real Decreto de 19 de noviembre de 1823, se creó el Consejo de Ministros, formado por los Secretarios de Estado y del Despacho.
  18. ^ Artículo quinto del Real Decreto 3117/1980
  19. ^ Art. 38 del Reglamento Orgánico de la Carrera Diplomática de 15 de julio de 1955. No obstante, conforme a dicho precepto, a todos los Ministros Plenipotenciarios Jefes de Misión Diplomática (es decir, también a los que no sean de primera y segunda clase), mientras ejerzan sus funciones en el extranjero, se lea dará el tratamiento de Excelencia.
  20. ^ Art. 302 de las Reales Ordenanzas del Ejército de Tierra, art. 491 de las Reales Ordenanzas de la Armada y art. 341 de las Reales Ordenanzas del Ejército del Aire.
  21. ^ Arts. 14, 23 y 56 del Real Decreto 1674/1980
  22. ^ Royal Decree 1368/1987, dated 6 November, regulating titles, forms of address and honours pertaining to the Royal Family and to the Regents Boletín Oficial del Estado (BOE)
  23. ^ Sveriges statskalender 1915, runeberg.org. Retrieved on 8 June 2013. (in Swedish)
  24. ^ Sveriges statskalender 1964, runeberg.org. Retrieved on 8 June 2013. (in Swedish)
  25. ^ Heads of state, heads of government, ministers for foreign affairs 27 September 2012 at the Wayback Machine, Protocol and Liaison Service, United Nations. Retrieved on 8 June 2013.
  26. ^ "His Excellency Gen. Prayut Chan-o-cha, Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Thailand congratulated His Excellency Mr. Joko Widodo, President of the Republic of Indonesia on his reelection victory on 17 April 2019". สถานเอกอัครราชทูต ณ กรุงจาการ์ตา. 24 May 2019. Retrieved 9 June 2021.
  27. ^ "Unvanlar / T.C. Dışişleri Bakanlığı". www.mfa.gov.tr. Retrieved 9 March 2023.
  28. ^ Georgia Department of Economic Development (GDEcD). "Georgia Protocol Guide" (PDF). Georgia Department of Economic Development (Georgia.org).

Further reading Edit

excellency, redirect, here, other, uses, disambiguation, honorific, style, given, certain, high, level, officers, sovereign, state, officials, international, organization, members, aristocracy, once, entitled, title, holder, usually, retains, right, that, cour. His Excellency and Her Excellency redirect here For other uses see His Excellency disambiguation Excellency is an honorific style given to certain high level officers of a sovereign state officials of an international organization or members of an aristocracy Once entitled to the title Excellency the holder usually retains the right to that courtesy throughout their lifetime 1 although in some cases the title is attached to a particular office and is held only during tenure of that office 2 Their Excellencies the Lords Justices of England for the administration of the Government during the absence of the King by Robert White Generally people addressed as Excellency are heads of state heads of government governors ambassadors Roman Catholic bishops high ranking ecclesiastics and others holding equivalent rank such as heads of international organizations 3 Members of royal families generally have distinct addresses such as Majesty Highness etc While not a title of office itself the honorific Excellency precedes various titles held by the holder both in speech and in writing In reference to such an official it takes the form His or Her Excellency in direct address Your Excellency or less formally simply Excellency The abbreviation HE is often used instead of His Her Excellency alternatively it may stand for His Eminence Contents 1 Government 1 1 Heads of state and government 1 2 International diplomacy 1 3 International judiciary 2 Monarchy 2 1 Royalty 2 2 Nobility 2 3 Knights 3 Ecclesiastical use 4 By country 4 1 Afghanistan 4 2 Albania 4 3 Armenia 4 4 Bangladesh 4 5 Barbados 4 6 Belgium 4 7 Brazil 4 8 Cambodia 4 9 Commonwealth of Nations 4 10 Chile 4 11 Germany 4 12 India 4 13 Ireland 4 14 Italy 4 15 Jordan 4 16 Kenya 4 17 Malaysia 4 18 Myanmar 4 19 The Netherlands 4 20 Nigeria 4 21 Pakistan 4 22 Peru 4 23 Philippines 4 24 Portugal 4 25 Somalia 4 26 South Africa 4 27 South Korea 4 28 Spain 4 29 Sri Lanka 4 30 Sweden 4 31 Thailand 4 32 Turkey 4 33 United States 5 See also 6 Notes 7 References 8 Further readingGovernment EditHeads of state and government Edit In most republican nation states the head of state is formally referred to as His or Her Excellency 4 If a republic has a separate head of government that official is almost always addressed as Excellency as well If the nation is a monarchy however the customs may vary For example in the case of Australia all ambassadors high commissioners state governors and the governor general and their spouses are entitled to the use of Excellency Governors of colonies in the British Empire were entitled to be addressed as Excellency and this remains the position for the governors of what are now known as British Overseas Territories 5 International diplomacy Edit In various international organizations notably the UN and its agencies Excellency is used as a generic form of address for all republican heads of state and heads of government It is often granted to the organization s head as well and to those chiefs of UN diplomatic missions such as Resident Coordinators who are the designated representatives of the Secretary General who are accredited at the Head of State level like an Ambassador or at the lower Head of Government level This section contains information of unclear or questionable importance or relevance to the article s subject Please help improve this section by clarifying or removing indiscriminate details Non important content should likely be moved to another article or removed January 2023 Learn how and when to remove this template message In recent years some international organizations such as the Organization for Security and Co operation in Europe or the European Union have designated their permanent representatives in third countries as ambassadors although they do not represent sovereign entities This is now largely accepted and because these ambassadors rank after the UN representative in the orders of precedence of representatives of international organizations the UN coming naturally first as pre eminent the UN Resident Coordinators are now also commonly but informally referred to in diplomatic circles as ambassadors although the UN itself does not refer to them in this way International judiciary Edit Judges of the International Court of Justice also enjoy the style of Excellency Monarchy EditRoyalty Edit In some monarchies the husbands wives or children of a royal prince or princess who do not possess a princely title themselves may be entitled to the style For example in Spain spouses or children of a born infante or infanta are addressed as Excellency if not accorded a higher style Former members of a royal house or family who have forfeited a royal title may be awarded the style afterwards Examples are former husbands or wives of a royal prince or princess including Alexandra Countess of Frederiksborg following her divorce from Prince Joachim of Denmark Likewise Count Carl Johan Bernadotte of Wisborg who lost his succession rights to the Swedish throne and discontinued use of his royal titles in 1946 when he married the commoner Elin Kerstin Margaretha Wijkmark was accorded the style In some emirates such as Kuwait and Qatar the Emir heir apparent and prime minister are called His Highness Their children are styled with His Her Excellency unless they possess a higher honorific Nobility Edit In Spain members of the high nobility holding the dignity of grandee are addressed as The Most Excellent Lord Lady In Denmark some counts lensgrever historically those related by blood or marriage to the Danish monarch who have entered a morganatic marriage or otherwise left the Royal Family have the right to be styled as Your Excellency e g the Counts of Danneskiold Samsoe some of the counts of Rosenborg and the Countess of Frederiksborg ad personam In the Sultanate of Sulu senior nobility and holders of royal offices that are granted the title of Datu Sadja are addressed as His Her Excellency 6 Knights Edit Excellency can also attach to a prestigious quality notably in an order of knighthood For example in the Empire of Brazil it was attached to the highest classes each time called Grand Cross of all three imperial orders Imperial Order of Pedro I Imperial Order of the Southern Cross with the military honours of a Lieutenant general and Order of the Rose Knights Collar and Knights Grand Cross of the Spanish Orders of Chivalry such as the Order of Charles III Order of Isabella the Catholic Order of Civil Merit Order of Alfonso X the Wise Royal Order of Sports Merit Civil Order of Health as well as recipients of the Grand Cross of Military Naval and Aeronautical Merit are addressed as such Furthermore Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem Order of Saint Gregory the Great and the Order of St Sylvester of the Holy See and Grand Cross of The Lion Crested Crane Crown and The Drum of Rwanda and Knights of the Order of the Golden Fleece and Knights Grand Cross of several other orders of high prestige are often addressed as Excellency 7 Ecclesiastical use EditBy a decree of the Sacred Congregation of Ceremonial of 31 December 1930 8 the Holy See granted bishops of the Catholic Church the title of Most Reverend Excellency or Excellentia Reverendissima in Latin In the years following the First World War the ambassadorial title of Excellency previously given to nuncios had already begun to be used by other Catholic bishops The adjective Most Reverend was intended to distinguish the religious title from that of Excellency given to civil officials The instruction Ut sive sollicite of the Holy See s Secretariat of State dated 28 March 1969 made the addition of Most Reverend optional 9 sanctioning what had always been the practice except possibly for the beginnings of letters and the like According to the letter of the decree of 31 December 1930 titular patriarchs too were to be addressed with the title of Most Reverend Excellency but in practice the Holy See continued to address them with the title of Beatitude which was formally sanctioned for them with the motu proprio Cleri sanctitati of 2 June 1957 Cardinals even those who were bishops continued to use the title of Eminence Eastern Orthodox titular metropolitans are addressed with the style of Excellency In some English speaking countries the honorific of Excellency does not apply to bishops other than the nuncio In English law Anglican archbishops are granted the title of His Her Grace similar to a duke and bishops are granted the title of Lord The same titles are extended by courtesy to their Catholic counterparts and continue in use in most countries that are or have been members of the Commonwealth citation needed with the exception of the former British East African countries of Kenya Uganda of Tanzania By country EditAfghanistan Edit In Afghanistan the title Jalalat Mahab is used for Sardars or Princes of the former Muhammadzai Dynasty who are descendants of the Afghan King Sultan Mohammed Khan Telai Although Jalalat Mahab is derived from the Arabic term Jalalat literally meaning His Majesty it is regarded as equal to His Excellency or His Royal Highness internationally The descendants of King Nadir Shah held the title Alaa Hazrat in which context Hazrat is Turkish and means Majesty or Highness and thus literally translated means Higher Majesty or Higher Highness and is internationally also equal to His Royal Highness The King himself held the title Alaa Hazrat Humayoon which literally translated means His Most Noble Majesty and can be equalized with His Majesty internationally President Daoud Khan the Cousin of the last Afghan King Zahir Shah who acted as Prime Minister under his cousin held the address Jalalat Mahab Aali Qadr Sardari Alaa during his term as Prime Minister Albania Edit The president the chairman of the Parliament and the prime minister are addressed as His Her Excellency Armenia Edit The president the prime minister the chairman of the Parliament as well as ministers and ambassadors of Armenia are addressed as Excellency which in Armenian is Ձերդ գերազանցութիւն Romanized Dzerd gerazancutiwn The members of the traditional Armenian nobility are also addressed as Excellency which in Armenian it is Ձերդ պայծառութիւն Romanized as Dzerd paytzarrowtiwn literally Your Brightness Bangladesh Edit In Bangladesh the president prime minister the speaker of the Parliament and international diplomats are styled with His Her Excellency Barbados Edit The president is styled with His Her Excellency formally while their informal title is Mr Madam President Belgium Edit Members of the Council of Ministers of Belgium consisting of the prime minister deputy prime minister s other ministers and Secretaries of state and also honorary ministers of state are entitled to the style of His Her Excellency The style is also used for the governors of Belgium which are governors of the ten provinces of Belgium governor of Brussels governor of the national bank of Belgium and both foreign ambassadors in Belgium and Belgian ambassadors to other countries Moreover within the Catholic Church in Belgium the arch bishops and pro nuntia are addressed as His Excellency Monsignor or Zijne Excellentie Monseigneur in Dutch Son Excellence Monseigneur in French and Seine Exzellenz Monsignore in German Brazil Edit In 1991 the Brazilian Presidential Office issued a composition manual to establish the appropriate usage of the Portuguese language for all government agencies The manual states that the title of Excelencia Excellency is the proper form used to address the president and vice president all members of parliament and judges among other officials 10 Cambodia Edit In the Kingdom of Cambodia deputy prime ministers senior ministers members of the Council of Ministers secretary of state and members of Parliament are addressed as His Her Excellency Khmer ឯកឧត ដម Ek Ŏtdam ល កជ ទ វ Loŭk Chumteav Commonwealth of Nations Edit Within the Commonwealth of Nations the following officials usually use the style His or Her Excellency The Commonwealth secretary general Presidents of Commonwealth republics Governors and governors general and the spouses of governors general 11 Commonwealth high commissioners but not their spouses Foreign ambassadors but not their spouses Foreign dignitaries who are entitled to the style in their own countries While reference may be made to the King s Most Excellent Majesty the style Excellency is not used with reference to the King Chile Edit The president of Chile and the president of the Chamber of Deputies of Chile are addressed by the style His Her Excellency Germany Edit The president of Germany and chancellor of Germany are both addressed by the style Excellency in international diplomacy albeit not domestically India Edit nbsp His Excellency The Right Hon Sir Gilbert John Elliot Murray Kynynmound Earl of Minto former Viceroy and Governor General of India The president of India and governors of Indian states are addressed as Rashtrapati Mahoday र ष ट रपत मह दय मह दय Honourable President and Rajyapal Mahoday or Rajyapal Mahodaya if lady र ज यप ल मह दय Honourable Governor respectively His Her Excellency a custom dating from the ancient times wherein the Samrat and Samrajni सम र ट स म र ज ञ Emperor Empress Generals Kings Ambassadors were addressed A classic example is addressing Devvrat Bhishma as मह मह म भ ष म His Your Excellency Bhishma in Mahabharat However the Constitution makers clarification needed approved will discontinue ancient era styles of Mahamahim The same release states that in English which is the other language in which subsidiary official communications are released in the Central Government of India in its capacity of Sahayak Rajabhasha Subsidiary Officiating language the style Honourable shall replace the erstwhile His Her Your Excellency The newer style will be Honourable The corresponding changes in releases from the President s Secretariat shall be from Mahamahim to Rashtrapatiji 12 The release also talks about the styles of other dignitaries like governors Hon ble will be used before the titles president and governor while the traditional honorifics Shri or Smt Shrimati should precede the name However Excellency will continue to be used only for interaction of leaders with foreign dignitaries and foreign dignitaries with Indian leaders as is customary international practice Ireland Edit The president of Ireland is addressed as Your Excellency or in the Irish language a Shoilse literally brightness VOC 13 Alternatively one may address the president simply as President or in the Irish language a Uachtarain Italy Edit The president of Italy and the prime minister of Italy officially called President of the Council of Ministers are addressed as His Her Excellency in international diplomacy Furthermore the terms president and premier are used as well This latter is an informal and common address for the prime minister of Italy For both institutional charges the term president is usually exploited in formal and informal situations Jordan Edit Like many countries that once formed part of the Ottoman Empire His Her Excellency is used as the style for those with the title of Bey or Pasha In Arabic the latter titles are often included between the first and last names of the holder while in English the titles are not usually included and the style of His Her Excellency is used on its own Those styled this way include government ministers senior military officers and the husbands and children of Princesses Kenya Edit The president of Kenya is addressed as His Her Excellency The governors of the counties and diplomats are also addressed as His Her Excellency Malaysia Edit The governors Yang di Pertua Negeri of Melaka Penang Sabah and Sarawak are addressed as His Excellency Tuan Yang Terutama High commissioners and ambassadors are also addressed as His Her Excellency Tuan Puan Yang Terutama Myanmar Edit The president of Myanmar first lady state counsellor vice presidents of Myanmar speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw speaker of the House of Nationalities speaker of the House of Representatives of Myanmar governor of the Central Bank of Myanmar members of the Cabinet of Myanmar chief ministers of states and regions of Myanmar mayors and ambassadors are addressed as His Her Excellency while justices of the Supreme Court of Myanmar are addressed as The Honourable The Netherlands Edit Members of the cabinet of the Netherlands prime minister deputy prime minister s other ministers and state secretaries but also honorary ministers of state are entitled to the style of His Her Excellency The style is also used for the executive officers of the Dutch royal court great officers of the Royal House hofmarschall equerrys governors of the constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Netherlands Aruba Curacao and Sint Maarten ambassadors both foreign ambassadors in the Netherlands and Dutch ambassadors to other countries judges of the International Court of Justice and flag and general officers of three star rank and above generals lieutenant generals lieutenant admirals and vice admirals Moreover within the Catholic Church in the Netherlands the arch bishops and pro nuntia are addressed as His Most Reverend Excellency i e in Dutch as Zijne Hoogwaardige Excellentie Nigeria Edit The president of Nigeria and vice president of Nigeria shares the style His Her Excellency with the various governors and their deputies of the country s regional states as well as their wives Pakistan Edit The prime minister of Pakistan and the president of Pakistan are both addressed as His Her Excellency Peru Edit The president of Peru is addressed as His Her Excellency In Spanish Su Excelencia if in diplomatic context Philippines Edit The president Filipino pangulo Spanish and colloquially presidente is addressed in English as Your Excellency and Sir or Ma am thereafter and is referred to His Her Excellency The president can also less formally be addressed as Mister Madam President In Filipino the president may be referred to with the more formal title of Ang Mahal na Pangulo with mahal connoting greatness and high social importance nb 1 Populist president Rodrigo Duterte has expressed dislike for the traditional title After assuming office in June 2016 he ordered that the title along with all honorifics be dropped from official communications events and materials but instead he be addressed only as Mayor since people are already used to calling him as such due to Duterte being the longest serving mayor of Davao City and that his cabinet officials only be addressed as Secretary Other government officials followed suit by abandoning use of The Honorable 14 However despite the prior unofficial abandonment the president continues to be addressed as Excellency in formal correspondences and petitions either verbally or written All other local and national government officials are styled The Honorable both titles however may be glossed in Filipino as Ang Kagalang galang Portugal Edit In Portugal the proper style of the president is His Her Excellency Portuguese Sua Excelencia Somalia Edit The president of Somalia is addressed as His Her Excellency or Jaale Jaale was also a title used by armed forces staff officers of all branches especially in the Aden Adde Shermarke Era and the Barre Era but has now is rare and has become a title for civil servants and senior government secretaries South Africa Edit The president of South Africa and historically the state president of the South African Republic is and was addressed as His Her Excellency if in a formal context South Korea Edit The president of South Korea is addressed as His Her Excellency Korean 각하 romanized gagha if in a formal context both inside and outside of South Korea Spain Edit Spain uses the title The Most Excellent extensively as a formal address to high officers of the state The following officials receive the treatment The prime minister 15 and former prime ministers 16 current and former deputy prime ministers of the central government current and former government ministers 17 current junior ministers secretaries of state and the undersecretary of the Foreign Ministry Government delegates 18 Ambassadors and ministers plenipotentiaries of first and second rank 19 Captain generals generals of the army admiral generals generals of the Air lieutenant generals admirals divisional generals vice admirals brigadier generals and counter admirals 20 The president councillors and secretary general of the Council of State as well as the chief counsels of the Council of State 21 The president and former presidents of each of the autonomous communities as well as the sitting councillors regional ministers The president of the Congress of Deputies the president of the Senate all members of the Cortes Generales although the later are usually addressed as His Her Lordship sp Su senoria The members of the General Council of the Judiciary the president and the judges of the Spanish Supreme Court the Spanish Attorney General and the members of the Spanish Constitutional Court The presidents and numeraries of the eight Royal Academies The governor of the Bank of Spain The presidents of the three Foral Deputation provincial governments of the Basque Country and the president of the Deputation of Barcelona The rectors of the Universities usually addressed as His Her Excellency and Magnificence Grandees of Spain and their consort as well the Heirs of Grandees and their consort Knights Dames of the Collar and Knights Dames Grand Cross of the Spanish military and civilian ordersThe style His Excellency which has a higher connotation than The Most Excellent is instead reserved for the children of an Infante or Infanta who have the rank but not the title of Grandees 22 Sri Lanka Edit The president of Sri Lanka was addressed as His Her Excellency This was until 2022 when President Ranil Wickremesinghe banned the use However it is still used diplomatically Sweden Edit The Swedish language title and forms of address are Hans Hennes Excellens His Her Excellency and Ers Excellens Your Excellency During most of the 20th century in Sweden only three officials other than foreign ambassadors accredited in Sweden and Swedish ambassadors at their post were granted to the style of Excellency the prime minister the minister for foreign affairs and the marshal of the realm the highest ranking courtier They were indeed collectively referred to as the three excellencies Swedish de tre excellenserna 23 24 In the 1970s it fell out of custom in Sweden to address the prime minister and the minister of foreign affairs as such although they continue to be addressed as such in United Nations protocol and in other diplomatic writing 25 Prior to the 19th century a Lord of the Realm Swedish En af Rikets Herrar and a member of the Council of the Realm were also entitled to the style as Excellency Thailand Edit The prime Minister of Thailand deputy prime ministers other cabinet members governors and ambassadors are addressed as His Her Excellency 26 Turkey Edit In the English language the president and the vice president cabinet ministers ambassadors and some other high ranking bureaucrats are addressed as Excellency In the Turkish language honorific titles are no longer used since the 1923 modernisation of the language under Ataturk s Reforms Instead of Excellency dignitaries are addressed using the Turkish word for Honorable Turkish Sayin followed by their office 27 For example an ambassador of Turkey would be addressed simply as Honorable Ambassador Turkish Sayin Buyukelci It is important to emphasise that this distinction only applies when speaking in the Turkish language not in English Additionally in very rare ceremonial circumstances the word Excellency is used in Turkish An example would be the formal accreditation of a Turkish ambassador wherein the letter of confidence authored by the Turkish president would address the ambassador as Excellency Turkish Ekselanslari United States Edit In the United States the form Excellency was commonly used for George Washington during his service as commander in chief of the Continental Army and later when president of the United States but it began to fall out of use with his successor John Adams and today is sometimes replaced in direct address with the simple Mr President or the Honorable Nevertheless in the protocol of many foreign countries and United Nations the president and the secretary of state are usually referred to as Excellency Diplomatic correspondence to President Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War as during the Trent Affair for instance frequently addressed him as Your Excellency The form Excellency was used for the governors of most of the original Thirteen Colonies and the practice formally continued after independence For example the term was formerly used in Georgia on the state governor s letterhead the text of executive orders any document that required the governor s signature and informal settings However in most states the practice fell out of use or was never introduced and the title Honorable is now used instead 28 Though the U S president and U S ambassadors are traditionally accorded the style elsewhere the U S government does not usually use Excellency for its own chiefs of missions preferring Honorable instead See also Edit nbsp Look up Excellence Excellency or excellency in Wiktionary the free dictionary Canadian honorifics Ecclesiastical titles and styles His Excellency opera Style manner of address Notes Edit The Tagalog word mahal is often translated as love and expensive but its original sense has a range of meanings from treasured to the most valuable It is often applied to royalty roughly equivalent to the Western Majesty e g Mahal na Hari His Majesty the King Kamahalan Your Majesty and at times used for lower ranking nobles in the manner of Highness which has the more exact translation of Kataas taasan It is also found in religious contexts such as referring to Catholic patron saints the Blessed Virgin Mary e g Ang Mahal na Ina Birhen or Christ e g Ang Mahal na Poong Nazareno References Edit Forms of Address Garza Protocol Associates 22 March 2017 Retrieved 9 June 2021 Protocol The Complete Handbook of Diplomatic Official and Social Usage page 21 by Mary Jane McCaffree and Pauline Innes published by Hepburn Books Dallas Texas 1 Archived 1 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine 1977 1985 1989 1997 ISBN 0 941402 04 5 Protocol and Liaison Service PDF 24 August 2016 Retrieved 9 June 2021 Tri privitannya dlya Yanukovicha Three greetings for Yanukovych Blogs pravda com ua 5 September 2012 Williams Stephanie 2011 Running the Show Governors of the British Empire Viking ISBN 978 0 670 91804 1 Nobility of Sulu ROYAL AND HASHEMITE ORDER OF THE PEARL Retrieved 19 April 2019 Satow Ernest Mason Sir A Guide to Diplomatic Practice 10 March 2001 Retrieved 1 February 2013 Acta Apostolicae Sedis 1931 p 22 L Osservatore Romano 24 January 1931 Ut sive sollicite 22 Manual de Redacao da Presidencia da Republica in Portuguese General examples of addressing or referring in speech to titled and official persons Victoria State Government Department of Premier and Cabinet Retrieved 21 November 2018 President s Secretariat 3 October 2012 President Approves New Protocol Practice Press Information Bureau Government or India Retrieved 31 January 2014 Gosling James Patrick 12 September 2019 Raymond Queneau s Dubliners Bewildered by Excess of Love Cambridge Scholars Publishing ISBN 9781527539907 via Google Books Salaverria Leila B 22 July 2016 Don t call me Your Excellency The Philippine Daily Inquirer Retrieved 19 January 2017 Arts 3 y 13 del RD 1051 2002 Real Decreto 405 1992 Real Decreto 5 de enero de 1786 estableciendo el tratamiento de Excelentisimo Senor en la correspondencia de oficio a los Secretarios del despacho universal Novisima Recopilacion l 2 t 12 l 6 Real Decreto de 16 de mayo de 1788 Para evitar la variedad con que se ha procedido por diversas personas y secretarias en quanto sic a tratamientos despues de vista y examinada la materia en mi Suprema Junta de Estado he venido en declarar que el tratamiento de excelencia se de enteramente poniendo encima de los escritos excelentisimo senor a los grandes y consejeros de Estado o que tienen honores de tales como hasta aqui se ha hecho Por su parte el Decreto de las Cortes de Cadiz de 8 de junio de 1812 establece que los Secretarios de Estado y del Despacho que lo fueren en propiedad y mientras permanecieren en el empleo tendran el mismo tratamiento que los consejeros de Estado Mediante Real Decreto de 19 de noviembre de 1823 se creo el Consejo de Ministros formado por los Secretarios de Estado y del Despacho Articulo quinto del Real Decreto 3117 1980 Art 38 del Reglamento Organico de la Carrera Diplomatica de 15 de julio de 1955 No obstante conforme a dicho precepto a todos los Ministros Plenipotenciarios Jefes de Mision Diplomatica es decir tambien a los que no sean de primera y segunda clase mientras ejerzan sus funciones en el extranjero se lea dara el tratamiento de Excelencia Art 302 de las Reales Ordenanzas del Ejercito de Tierra art 491 de las Reales Ordenanzas de la Armada y art 341 de las Reales Ordenanzas del Ejercito del Aire Arts 14 23 y 56 del Real Decreto 1674 1980 Royal Decree 1368 1987 dated 6 November regulating titles forms of address and honours pertaining to the Royal Family and to the Regents Boletin Oficial del Estado BOE Sveriges statskalender 1915 runeberg org Retrieved on 8 June 2013 in Swedish Sveriges statskalender 1964 runeberg org Retrieved on 8 June 2013 in Swedish Heads of state heads of government ministers for foreign affairs Archived 27 September 2012 at the Wayback Machine Protocol and Liaison Service United Nations Retrieved on 8 June 2013 His Excellency Gen Prayut Chan o cha Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Thailand congratulated His Excellency Mr Joko Widodo President of the Republic of Indonesia on his reelection victory on 17 April 2019 sthanexkxkhrrachthut n krungcakarta 24 May 2019 Retrieved 9 June 2021 Unvanlar T C Disisleri Bakanligi www mfa gov tr Retrieved 9 March 2023 Georgia Department of Economic Development GDEcD Georgia Protocol Guide PDF Georgia Department of Economic Development Georgia org Further reading Edit nbsp Look up Excellency in Wiktionary the free dictionary Phillips Walter Alison 1911 Excellency Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 10 11th ed pp 49 50 vte Catholic Church StylePope His HolinessCardinal His EminenceBishop His Excellency Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Excellency amp oldid 1180827400, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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