Wikipedia
Glock
Glock (German: [ˈglɔk]; stylized as GLOCK) is a brand of polymer-framed, short recoil-operated, locked-breech semi-automatic pistols designed and produced by Austrian manufacturer Glock Ges.m.b.H.
| Glock | |
|---|---|
A first-generation Glock 17 adopted by the Norwegian Armed Forces under the P80 designation. | |
| Type |
|
| Place of origin | Austria |
| Service history | |
| In service | 1982–present |
| Used by | See Users |
| Wars | Kurdish-Turkish conflict (1978-present)[1] War in Afghanistan (2001-2021) Iraq War Syrian Civil War War in Iraq (2013-2017) 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine[2][3] 2024 conflict in Ecuador[4] |
| Production history | |
| Designer | Gaston Glock |
| Designed | 1979–1982 |
| Manufacturer | Glock Ges.m.b.H. |
| Produced | 1982–present |
| No. built | 20,000,000 as of 2020[5] |
| Variants | See Variants |
| Specifications | |
| Cartridge | |
| Action | Short recoil, locked breech, tilting barrel (straight blowback for Glock 25, 28 and 44) |
| Rate of fire | 1,100–1,200 rounds/min (Glock 18) |
| Muzzle velocity | 375 m/s (1,230 ft/s) (Glock 17, 17C, 18, 18C)[6] |
| Effective firing range | 50 m (55 yd) (Glock 17, 17C, 18, 18C)[7][8] |
| Feed system | 6-, 10-, 13-, 15-, 17-, 19-, 24-, 31-, 33-, or 40-round[9] detachable box magazine, or 50- or 100-round[10] detachable drum magazine |
The firearm entered Austrian military and police service by 1982 after becoming the top performer in reliability and safety tests.[11]
Glock pistols have become the company's most profitable line of products, and have been supplied to national armed forces, security agencies, and police forces in at least 48 countries.[12] Glocks are also popular firearms among civilians for recreational and competition shooting, home- and self-defense, both in concealed or open carry.[13]
History edit
The company's founder and head engineer, Gaston Glock (1929–2023), had no experience with firearms design or manufacture at the time his first pistol, the Glock 17, was being prototyped. Glock had extensive experience in advanced synthetic polymers, which was instrumental in the company's design of the first commercially successful line of pistols with a polymer frame.[14] Glock introduced ferritic nitrocarburizing into the firearms industry as an anticorrosion surface treatment for metal gun parts.[15]
Development edit
In 1980, the Austrian Armed Forces announced that it would seek tenders for a new, modern duty pistol to replace their World War II–era Walther P38 handguns.[11] The Federal Ministry of Defence of Austria formulated a list of 17 criteria for the new generation service pistol, including requirements that it would be self loading; fire the NATO-standard 9×19mm Parabellum round; the magazines were not to require any means of assistance for loading; be secure against accidental discharge from shock, strike, and drop from a height of 2 m (6 ft 7 in) onto a steel plate.[11] After firing 15,000 rounds of standard ammunition, the pistol was to be inspected for wear. The pistol was to then be used to fire an overpressure test cartridge generating 5,000 bar (500 MPa; 73,000 psi).[dubious ] The normal maximum operating pressure (Pmax) for the 9 mm NATO is 2,520 bar (252 MPa; 36,500 psi).[16]
Glock became aware of the Austrian Army's planned procurement, and in 1982, assembled a team of Europe's leading handgun experts from military, police, and civilian sport-shooting circles to define the most desirable characteristics in a combat pistol.[11] Within three months, Glock had developed a working prototype that combined proven mechanisms and traits from previous pistol designs.[17] In addition, the plan was to make extensive use of synthetic materials and modern manufacturing technologies, which led to the Glock 17 becoming a cost-effective candidate.
Several samples of the Glock 17 (so named because it was the 17th patent procured by the company)[18] were submitted for assessment trials in early 1982, and after passing all of the exhaustive endurance and abuse tests, the Glock emerged as the winner.[19][20][21] According to Friedrich Dechant, former Head of the Austrian Armaments and Defence Technology Agency, the Glock P80 was clearly superior to other handguns in terms of performance, handling, charging capacity and price.[22]
The handgun was adopted into service with the Austrian military and law enforcement in 1982 as the Pistole 80 (P80),[23] with an initial order for 25,000 guns.[17] The Glock 17 outperformed eight different pistols from five other established manufacturers (Heckler & Koch of Germany offered their P7M8, P7M13, and P9S, SIG Sauer of Switzerland bid with their P220 and P226 models, Beretta of Italy submitted their model 92SB-F, FN Herstal of Belgium proposed an updated variant of the Browning Hi-Power, and the Austrian Steyr Mannlicher entered the competition with the GB).[24]
The results of the Austrian trials sparked a wave of interest in Western Europe and overseas, particularly in the United States, where a similar effort to select a service-wide replacement for the M1911 had been going on since the late 1970s (known as the Joint Service Small Arms Program). In late 1983, the United States Department of Defense inquired about the Glock pistol and received four samples of the Glock 17 for unofficial evaluation.[25] Glock was then invited to participate in the XM9 Personal Defense Pistol Trials, but declined because the DOD specifications would require extensive retooling of production equipment and providing 35 test samples in an unrealistic time frame.[25]
In 1985, after joint Norwegian and Swedish trials from 1983 to 1985, the Glock 17 was accepted into service as the P80 in Norway, and in 1988 as the Pistol 88 in Sweden, where it surpassed all prior NATO durability standards.[26][27][25] As a result, the Glock 17 became a standard NATO-classified sidearm and was granted a NATO Stock Number (1005-25-133-6775).[25] By 1992, some 350,000 pistols had been sold in more than 45 countries, including 250,000 in the United States alone.[23]
Starting in 2013, the British Armed Forces began replacing the Browning Hi-Power pistol with the Glock 17 Gen 4, due to concerns about weight and the external safety of the Hi-Power.[28] The British preferred the Glock 17 Gen 4 over the Beretta Px4 Storm, FN FNP, Heckler & Koch P30, SIG Sauer P226, Smith & Wesson M&P, and Steyr M9A1 of which 19 pistols each, all chambered in 9×19 mm Parabellum, were entered in the R9GSP trials.[29][30]
The French Armed Forces (FAF) in 2020 began replacing their MAC Mle 1950 and, to a lesser extent, their PAMAS G1 pistols with Glock 17 Gen 5 models specifically made for the FAF.[31] The French preferred the Glock 17 Gen 5 over the HS2000 and CZ P-10 offerings that also made it to the final selection phase.[32]
Product evolution edit
Glock has updated its basic design several times throughout its production history.
First-generation models edit
The first-generation (Gen 1) Glock pistols are most notably recognized by their smoother "pebble finish" grip and finger groove-less frames. The Gen 1 frame pattern and design was used by Glock from 1982 through 1988 and pre-dates the checkered grip patterns used in the second generation of Glock pistols. The first Glock 17s imported to the US were serialized with an alpha-numeric (two-letter prefix followed by three numbers) stamped into the slide, barrel, and a small metal plate inserted into the bottom side of the polymer frame. The first documented Glock 17s (by serial number) imported into the US were from the AF000 series in January 1986, followed by AH000, AK000, and AL000.[33] These early Glock (Gen 1) pistols (serial number prefix AF through AM) were also manufactured with a barrel that had a smaller overall diameter and thinner bore walls, later known as "pencil barrels". These early Glock 17 "pencil barrel" pistols are considered rare and highly desirable by Glock collectors.[original research?] The barrels were later redesigned with thicker bore walls and manufacturing continued to evolve and improve the design of Glock pistols.[34]
Many of the first-generation Glocks were shipped and sold in the iconic "Tupperware" style plastic boxes. The earliest Glock boxes had ammunition storage compartments that allowed for 17 rounds of 9mm to be stored with the pistol. This box design was later changed by Glock to meet BATF import requirements and the ammunition storage compartments were removed.[34]
Second-generation models edit
A mid-life upgrade to the Glock pistols involved the addition of checkering on the front strap and trigger guard and checkering and serrations to the back strap. These versions, introduced in 1988, were informally referred to as "second-generation" models. In 1991, an integrated recoil spring assembly replaced the original two-piece recoil spring and tube design. The magazine was slightly modified, changing the floorplate and fitting the follower spring with a resistance insert at its base.[citation needed]
Third-generation models edit
In 1998, the frame was further modified with an accessory rail (called the "Universal Glock rail") similar to a picatinny rail to allow the mounting of laser sights, tactical lights, and other accessories. Thumb rests on both sides of the frame and finger grooves on the front strap were added. Glock pistols with these upgrades are informally referred to as (early) "third-generation" models. Later third-generation models additionally featured a modified extractor that serves as a loaded chamber indicator, and the locking block was enlarged, along with the addition of an extra cross pin to aid the distribution of bolt thrust forces exerted by the locking block. This cross pin is known as the locking block pin and is located above the trigger pin.[35]
The polymer frames of third-generation models can be black, flat dark earth, or olive drab. Besides that, non-firing dummy pistols ("P" models) and non-firing dummy pistols with resetting triggers ("R" models) have a bright red frame, and Simunition-adapted practice pistols ("T" models) a bright blue frame for easy identification.[36]
In 2009, the Glock 22 RTF2 (Rough Textured Frame 2) (chambered in .40 S&W) was introduced. This pistol featured a new checkering texture around the grip and new scalloped (fish gill-shaped) serrations at the rear of the sides of the slide.[37][38] Many of the existing models became available in the RTF2 version, including the 17,[39] 31, 32, 23, 21, and 19. Some of those did not have the fish gills.[original research?]
Fourth-generation models edit
At the 2010 SHOT Show, Glock presented the "fourth generation", now dubbed "Gen4" by Glock itself.[40] Updates centered on ergonomics and the recoil spring assembly. The initial two fourth-generation models announced were the full-sized Glock 17 and Glock 22, chambered for the 9×19 mm Parabellum and .40 S&W cartridges, respectively. The pistols were displayed with a modified rough-textured frame, grip checkering, and interchangeable backstraps of different sizes. "Gen4" is rollmarked on the slide next to the model number to identify the fourth-generation pistols.
The basic grip size of the fourth-generation Glock pistols is slightly smaller compared to the previous design. A punch is provided to remove the standard trigger housing pin and replace it with the longer cross pin needed to mount the medium or large backstrap that will increase the trigger distance by 2 mm (0.079 in) or 4 mm (0.16 in). With the medium backstrap installed, the grip size is identical to the third-generation pistols. The magazine release catches are enlarged and reversible for left-handed use.[41] To use the exchangeable magazine release feature, fourth-generation Glock magazines have a notch cut on both sides of the magazine body. Earlier versions of the magazines will not lock into the Gen4 pistols if the user has moved the magazine release button to be operated by a left-handed user. Gen4 magazines will work in older models.[42]
Mechanically, fourth-generation Glock pistols are fitted with a dual recoil spring assembly to help reduce perceived recoil and increase service life expectancy. Earlier subcompact Glock models such as the Glock 26 and Glock 30 have already used a dual recoil spring assembly that was carried over to the fourth-generation versions of those models. The slide and barrel shelf have been resized, and the front portion of the polymer frame has been widened and internally enlarged, to accommodate the dual recoil spring assembly. The trigger mechanism housing has also been modified to fit into the smaller-sized grip space.[43][44][45][46][47]
The introduction of fourth-generation Glock pistols continued in July 2010 when the Glock 19 and Glock 23, the reduced size "compact" versions of the Glock 17 and Glock 22, became available for retail.[48] In late 2010, Glock continued the introduction of fourth-generation models with the Glock 26 and Glock 27 "subcompact" variants.
In January 2013, more fourth-generation Glock pistols were introduced commercially during the annual SHOT Show, including the Glock 20 Generation 4 along with other fourth-generation Glock models.
2011 recoil spring assembly exchange program edit
In September 2011, Glock announced a recoil spring exchange program in which the manufacturer voluntarily offers to exchange the recoil spring assemblies of its fourth-generation pistols (with the exception of the "subcompact" Glock 26 and Glock 27 models) sold before 22 July 2011 at no cost "to ensure our products perform up to GLOCK's stringent standards", according to the company.[49]
M series edit
On 29 June 2016, the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) awarded a contract to Glock to provide new 9×19mm Parabellum chambered duty pistols.[50] The solicitation specifications deviated from the specifications of Glock fourth-generation models.[51]
In August 2016, the Indianapolis Metro Police Department (IMPD) started training with a batch of Glock 17M pistols. The most obvious difference with the Glock third- and fourth-generation models on published images is the omission of finger grooves on the grip.[52] In October of that year, the IMPD issued a 17M voluntary recall following failures encountered while dry firing the pistols during training. According to Major Riddle with the IMPD, "Glock is working to correct the problem and we hope to begin issuing the new [17Ms] as soon as December."[53][54]
Fifth-generation models edit
In August 2017, Glock presented the "fifth generation" or "Gen 5". The revisions centered on ergonomics and improving reliability. Many parts of fifth-generation Glock pistols cannot be interchanged with those of the previous generations. The two fifth-generation models announced were the Glock 17 and Glock 19, chambered for the 9×19mm Parabellum. Some conspicuous changes on the fifth-generation models are ambidextrous slide stop levers, DLC surface finish for barrel and slide, a barrel featuring a revised style of polygonal rifling (called the "Glock Marksman Barrel" by Glock), a deeper recessed barrel crown, omission of the finger grooves on the grip, a flared magazine well, and a reintroduction of a half-moon-shaped cutout on the bottom front of the grip. The locking block pin located above the trigger pin that was introduced in the third generation is omitted. Many internal parts were less conspicuously revised.[55][56][57][58][59] "Gen 5" is rollmarked on the slide next to the model number to identify the fifth-generation pistols. The "Gen 5" slide can feature front serrations (FS) to provide an additional tactile traction surface choice. The magazines were also revised for the fifth-generation models: the redesigned magazine floor plates feature a frontward protruding lip to offer grip for manual assisted extraction and the magazine follower[60] became orange colored for easier visual identification.
Design details edit
Operating mechanism edit
The Glock 17 is a short recoil–operated, locked-breech semi-automatic pistol that uses a modified Browning cam-lock system adapted from the Hi-Power pistol.[61] The firearm's locking mechanism uses a linkless, vertically tilting barrel with a rectangular breech that locks into the ejection port cut-out in the slide (the Sig Sauer System). During the recoil stroke, the barrel moves rearward initially locked together with the slide about 3 mm (0.12 in) until the bullet leaves the barrel and chamber pressure drops to a safe level. A ramped lug extension at the base of the barrel then interacts with a tapered locking block integrated into the frame, forcing the barrel down and unlocking it from the slide. This camming action terminates the barrel's movement while the slide continues back under recoil, extracting and ejecting the spent cartridge casing. The slide's uninterrupted rearward movement and counter-recoil cycle are characteristic of the Browning system.[62]
Glock pistols incorporate a number of features intended to enhance reliability in adverse conditions, such as utilizing advanced metal coatings, "stub" slide guides instead of true frame rails, and an unusual cocking mechanism wherein the trigger is partially responsible for cocking the striker.[63] By relying partially on force from the shooter's trigger finger to cock the striker, a Glock effectively reduces the load on the recoil spring as the slide moves forward into battery, whereas almost all other striker-fired pistols on the market rely fully on the recoil spring to cock the striker.[64]
This design gives the recoil spring fewer tasks as the action cycles, helping to ensure that sufficient energy is available to strip a new round from the magazine and achieve full battery even when the breech, chamber, and/or magazine are heavily fouled. For these and other reasons, Glock pistols are commonly considered to be some of the most reliable striker-fired, semi-automatic handguns available, with some independent testing even showing a Glock taking a lead over a SIG Sauer P320[65] in a wet/dry reliability test, even though the latter was selected as the winner of the U.S. Army's MHS competition.
Features edit
The slide features a spring-loaded claw extractor, and the stamped sheet metal ejector is pinned to the trigger mechanism housing.[66] Pistols after 2002 have a reshaped extractor that serves as a loaded chamber indicator. When a cartridge is present in the chamber, a tactile metal edge protrudes slightly out immediately behind the ejection port on the right side of the slide.[67] The striker firing mechanism has a spring-loaded firing pin that is cocked in two stages that the firing pin spring powers. The factory-standard firing pin spring is rated at 24 N (5.4 lbf), but by using a modified firing pin spring, it can be increased to 28 N (6.3 lbf) or to 31 N (7.0 lbf).[68] When the pistol is charged, the firing pin is in the half-cock position. As the trigger is pulled, the firing pin is then fully cocked. At the end of its travel, the trigger bar is tilted downward by the connector, releasing the firing pin to fire the cartridge. The connector resets the trigger bar so that the firing pin will be captured in half-cock at the end of the firing cycle. This is known as a preset trigger mechanism, referred to as the "Safe action" trigger by the manufacturer. The connector ensures the pistol can only fire semiautomatically.
The factory-standard, two-stage trigger has a trigger travel of 12.5 mm (0.49 in) and is rated at 25 N (5.6 lbf), but by using a modified connector, it can be increased to 35 N (7.9 lbf) or lowered to 20 N (4.5 lbf). In response to a request made by American law enforcement agencies for a two-stage trigger with increased trigger pull, Glock introduced the NY1 (New York) trigger module, which features a flat spring in a plastic housing that replaces the trigger bar's standard coil spring. This trigger modification is available in two versions: NY1 and NY2 that are rated at 25 N (5.6 lbf) to 40 N (9.0 lbf) and 32 N (7.2 lbf) to 50 N (11.2 lbf), respectively, which require about 20 N (4.5 lbf) to 30 N (6.7 lbf) of force to disengage the safeties and another 10 N (2.2 lbf) to 20 N (4.5 lbf) in the second stage to fire a shot.
The Glock's frame, magazine body, and several other components are made from a high-strength nylon-based polymer invented by Gaston Glock, called Polymer 2.[69] This plastic was specially formulated to provide increased durability and is more resilient than carbon steel and most steel alloys. Polymer 2 is resistant to shock, caustic liquids, and temperature extremes where traditional steel/alloy frames would warp and become brittle.[69] The injection-molded frame contains four hardened steel guide rails for the slide: two at the rear of the frame, and the remaining pair above and in front of the trigger guard. The trigger guard itself is squared off at the front and checkered. The grip has an angle of 109° and a nonslip, stippled surface on the sides and both the front and rear straps.[70] The frame houses the locking block, which is an investment casting that engages a 45° camming surface on the barrel's lower camming lug. It is retained in the frame by a steel axis pin that holds the trigger and slide catch. The trigger housing is held to the frame by means of a polymer pin. A spring-loaded sheet-metal pressing serves as the slide catch, which is secured from unintentional manipulation by a raised guard molded into the frame. Because of its polymer construction, there were initially fears that Glock pistols would be invisible to airport X-ray machines, making them easy to illegally import into the United States. In actuality, 84% of the gun's weight is from steel, and Polymer 2 is visible to X-ray machines. The myth's prevalence is believed to be connected to a scene that perpetuated the myth in Die Hard 2, which released a few years after the Glock was invented.[71] In 1988, the Undetectable Firearms Act was passed in the United States, banning the manufacture or import of any gun that could pass undetected through a metal detector.
The Glock pistol has a relatively low slide profile, which holds the barrel axis close to the shooter's hand and makes the pistol more comfortable to fire by reducing muzzle rise and allows for faster aim recovery in rapid firing sequences. The rectangular slide is milled from a single block of ordnance-grade steel using CNC machinery.[72] The barrel and slide undergo two hardening processes prior to treatment with a proprietary nitriding process called Tenifer. The Tenifer treatment is applied in a 500 °C (932 °F) nitrate bath.[69] The Tenifer finish is between 0.04 and 0.05 mm (0.0016 and 0.0020 in) in thickness, and is characterized by extreme resistance to wear and corrosion; it penetrates the metal, and treated parts have similar properties even below the surface to a certain depth.[73]
The Tenifer process produces a matte gray-colored, nonglare surface with a 64 Rockwell C hardness rating and a 99% resistance to salt water corrosion (which meets or exceeds stainless steel specifications),[72] making the Glock particularly suitable for individuals carrying the pistol concealed as the highly chloride-resistant finish allows the pistol to better endure the effects of perspiration.[73] Glock steel parts using the Tenifer treatment are more corrosion resistant than analogous gun parts having other finishes or treatments, including Teflon, bluing, hard chrome plating, or phosphates.[73] During 2010, Glock switched from the salt bath nitriding Tenifer process to a not exactly disclosed gas nitriding process. After applying the nitriding process, a black Parkerized decorative surface finish is applied. The underlying nitriding treatment will remain, protecting these parts even if the decorative surface finish were to wear off.[15]
A fourth generation Glock 17 consists of 34 parts.[68] For maintenance, the pistol disassembles into five main groups: the barrel, slide, frame, magazine, and recoil-spring assembly. The firearm is designed for the NATO-standard 9×19mm Parabellum pistol cartridge, but can use high-power (increased pressure) +P ammunition with either full-metal-jacket or jacketed hollow-point projectiles.
Barrel edit
The hammer-forged barrel has a female type polygonal rifling with a right-hand twist. The stabilization of the round is not by conventional rifling, using lands and grooves, but rather through a polygonal profile consisting of a series of six or eight interconnected noncircular segments (only the .45 ACP and .45 GAP have octagonal polygonal rifling). Each depressed segment within the interior of the barrel is the equivalent of a groove in a conventional barrel. Thus, the interior of the barrel consists of smooth arcs of steel rather than sharply defined slots.
Instead of using a traditional broaching machine to cut the rifling into the bore, the hammer forging process involves beating a slowly rotating mandrel through the bore to obtain the hexagonal or octagonal shape.[74] As a result, the barrel's thickness in the area of each groove is not compromised as with conventional square-cut barrels. This has the advantage of providing a better gas seal behind the projectile as the bore has a slightly smaller diameter, which translates into more efficient use of the combustion gases trapped behind the bullet,[74] slightly greater (consistency in) muzzle velocities, and increased accuracy and ease of maintenance.[75]
The newer lines of Glock pistols—i.e. Gen5, G42/43—are equipped with the Glock Marksmanship Barrel, or GMB. While older barrels were somewhat difficult to identify a bullet as coming from a particular barrel with high enough reliability for evidentiary use, the newer GMB ones are designed differently. A study by Stephen Christen and Hans Rudolf Jordi, published by Forensic Science International in February 2019, shows that the new GMB barrels leave more identifiably unique markings on the fired projectile. These marks were more easily identified than previous pistol barrel markings, and were sufficient for reliably tying a bullet to a particular barrel. The study used a comparison microscope and an ABIS (Evofinder).[76]
Safety edit
Glock pistols lack a traditional on-off safety lever, which Glock markets as an advantage, especially to police departments, as the user is able to fire immediately without separately manipulating a safety.[77] Instead, the pistols are designed with three independent safety mechanisms to prevent accidental discharge. The system, designated "Safe Action" by Glock, consists of an external integrated trigger safety and two automatic internal safeties: a firing pin safety and a drop safety.[78] The external safety is a small inner lever contained in the trigger. Pressing the lever activates the trigger bar and sheet metal connector. The firing pin safety is a solid hardened steel pin that, in the secured state, blocks the firing pin channel (disabling the firing pin in its longitudinal axis). It is pushed upward to release the firing pin for firing only when the trigger is actuated and the safety is pushed up through the backward movement of the trigger bar. The drop safety guides the trigger bar in a ramp that is released only when direct rearward pressure is applied to the trigger. The three safety mechanisms are automatically disengaged one after the other when the trigger is squeezed, and are automatically reactivated when the trigger is released.[23][79]
In 2003, Glock announced the Internal Locking System (ILS) safety feature named Glock Safety Lock.[80] The ILS is a manually activated lock located in the back of the pistol's grip. It is cylindrical in design and, according to Glock, each key is unique. When activated, the lock causes a tab to protrude from the rear of the grip, giving both a visual and tactile indication as to whether the lock is engaged or not.[81] When activated, the ILS renders the Glock unfireable, as well as making it impossible to disassemble. When disengaged, the ILS adds no further safety mechanisms to the Glock pistol. The ILS is available as an option on most Glock pistols. Glock pistols cannot be retrofitted to accommodate the ILS. The lock must be factory-built in Austria and shipped as a special order.[citation needed]
Feeding edit
The Glock 17 feeds from staggered-column or double stack magazines that have a 17-round capacity (which can be extended to 19 with an optional floor plate) or optional 24 or 33-round high-capacity magazines.[82] For jurisdictions which restrict magazine capacity to 10 rounds, Glock offers single-stack, 10-round magazines. The magazines are made of steel and are overmolded with plastic. A steel spring drives a plastic follower. After the last cartridge has been fired, the slide remains open on the slide stop. The slide stop release lever is located on the left side of the frame directly beneath the slide and can be manipulated by the thumb of the right-handed shooter.
Glock magazines are interchangeable between models of the same caliber, meaning that a compact or subcompact pistol will accept magazines designed for the larger pistols chambered for the same round. However, magazines designed for compact and subcompact models will not function in larger pistols because they are not tall enough to reach the slide and magazine release. For example, the subcompact Glock 26 will accept magazines from both the full-size Glock 17 and the compact Glock 19, but the Glock 17 will not accept magazines from the smaller Glock 19 or the Glock 26. The magazines for the Glock 36, the Glock 42, the Glock 43, and the Glock 44 are all unique; they cannot use magazines intended for another model, nor can their magazines be used in other models.
Sights edit
The first Glock pistols sent to the United States in 1985 failed to meet the BATF import "points" requirement, requiring Glock to quickly develop an adjustable rear sight which allowed for the pistols to be imported and sold commercially in 1986. It is believed that Glock designed and created this adjustable rear sight over a weekend in order to meet the ATF's importation requirements, and so it was dubbed the "weekend" sight. These first-generation adjustable rear sights extended past the slide and were susceptible to breaking.[83] Even on later models, the front sight can easily become misshapen from friction against the holster,[84] leading to replacements with metal sights, or tritium illuminated night sights.[85]
More commonly today, the Glock 17 has a fixed polymer combat-type sighting arrangement that consists of a ramped front sight and a notched rear sight with white contrast elements painted on for increased acquisition speed – a white dot on the front post and a rectangular border on the rear notch. Some newer rear sights can be adjusted for windage (on certain models due to the windage sights not coming as factory default), as it has a degree of lateral movement in the dovetail it is mounted in. Three other factory rear sight configurations are available in addition to the standard 6.5 mm (0.26 in) height sight: a lower impact 6.1 mm (0.24 in) sight, and two higher impact versions – 6.9 mm (0.27 in) and 7.3 mm (0.29 in).[86]
Accessories edit
The Glock pistol accessories available from the factory include several devices for tactical illumination, such as a series of front rail-mounted "Glock tactical lights" featuring a white tactical light and an optional visible laser sight. An alternate version of the tactical light using an invisible infrared light and laser sight is available, designed to be used with an infrared night vision device. Another lighting accessory is an adapter to mount a flashlight onto the bottom of a magazine.
Polymer holsters in various configurations and matching magazine pouches are available. In addition, Glock produces optional triggers, recoil springs, slide stops, magazine release levers, and maritime spring cups. Maritime spring cups are designed to allow the pistol to be fired immediately after being submerged in water. They feature additional openings that allow liquids to flow and escape around them, offering enhanced reliability when water has penetrated into the firing pin assembly channel.
Magazine floor plates (or +2 baseplates), which expand the capacity of the standard magazines by two rounds, are available for models chambered for the 9×19mm Parabellum, .45 GAP, .40 S&W, .357 SIG, and .380 ACP cartridges. In addition to the standard nonadjustable polymer sight line, three alternative sight lines are offered by Glock. These consist of steel, adjustable, and self-illuminating tritium night rear sights and factory steel and self-illuminating tritium contrast pointer steel front sights.[87]
The Glock 17 along with many variants can accept pistol conversion kits, with one such example being the FAB-Defense KPOS Scout.[88] They can also accept special stocks like the Flux Defense Brace.[89]
Glock switch edit
A Glock switch is an aftermarket accessory which depresses the firearm's sear, allowing fully automatic fire. Without the proper license, they are illegal in the United States.[90]
Commemorative, anniversary, engraved, and other rare Glocks edit
Glock began producing limited edition and commemorative Glocks in 1991. Glock later produced a series of anniversary models to celebrate business milestones and in honor of 20, 25, and 30 years of US sales. Additionally, many law enforcement agencies had the department name, logo, or badges engraved on the slides of issued duty weapons.[34]
Variants edit
Following the introduction of the Glock 17, numerous variants and versions have been offered. Variants that differ in caliber, frame, and slide length are identified by different model numbers with the exception of a few models with a letter suffix ( the Glock 17L, 19X, 30S, and 43X).
The original double-stack "small frame" Glock pistols are made in five form factors, all modeled after the original full-sized Glock 17. "Standard" models are designed as full-sized duty firearms with a large magazine capacity. "Compact" models are slightly smaller with reduced magazine capacity and lighter weight while maintaining a usable grip length. "Subcompact" models are designed for easier carry and being lighter and shorter, are intended to be used with two fingers on the grip below the trigger guard and lack an accessory rail like the larger, after generation two, Glock models. The other two form factors use the full-size "standard" frame with longer slides that include a lower section to fill in the space between the frame's dust cover and the front of the slide. The first of these are the "long slide" models, which were too long for certain IPSC classes, necessitating the creation of the intermediate "competition" models. Currently, available chamberings for all five form-factors are 9mm Parabellum (9x21mm in certain countries) and .40 Smith & Wesson. Additionally, .357 SIG and .45 GAP chamberings are offered in "standard", "compact", and "subcompact" models, while .380 ACP is offered only in "compact" and "sub-compact" models. Recently, so-called "crossover" versions in 9mm Parabellum pair short (front to back) "compact" frames with longer "standard" grip lengths. This was initially to provide a longer-grip, higher capacity version of the Glock 19 (Glock 19X and Glock 45), but Glock developed the Glock 47 for US Customs and Border Patrol which used the G45 frame with a G17 length slide that included a front section to fill in the gap between the dust cover and the front of the slide, a design that fits the same overall dimensions as the Glock 17. Naturally, the next step was to couple this slide with the Glock 19 Frame, creating the Glock 49.
There are also the wider double-stack "large frame" Glock pistols for use with larger calibers, currently in 10mm Auto and .45 ACP. These models have bigger, wider slides and frames and are larger than the smaller-chambered pistols. These come in only "standard", "subcompact", "competition" (.45 ACP only), and "long slide" (10mm only). Additionally, Glock introduced the "subcompact" Glock 30S in .45 ACP adjusted to use the slimmer lighter slide of the Glock 36. Also, in 2007, Glock introduced a "short frame" version of these large frame weapons to provide a grip better suited to small hands. The short frame was originally designed to compete in the now cancelled U.S. military Joint Combat Pistol trials for a new .45 ACP pistol to replace the M9 pistol. Glock's entry featured an optional ambidextrous magazine release and MIL-STD-1913 rail along with a reduction in the size of the backstrap. The Glock 21SF was originally available in three versions: one with a Picatinny rail and ambidextrous magazine release and two with a Universal Glock rail available with or without the ambidextrous magazine release. However, the ambidextrous release and picatinny rail were soon dropped. As of January 2009, the Glock 20, 21, 29, and 30 were offered in short-framed variations. These models incorporate a 2.5 mm (0.098 in) reduction in trigger reach, and full-sized models feature a 4 mm (0.16 in) reduction in heel depth, which corresponds to an overall reduction in length for those models.[91][92][93] The short frame models were not introduced for the Gen 4 and Gen 5 models, as the replaceable backstraps design makes a separate short frame version redundant.
Glock also produces single-stack "slimline" models, targeting the concealed carry market. The first was introduced with Gen 3 in .45 ACP as the Glock 36. More recently, after the introduction of Gen 5, came the Glock 42 in .380 ACP, followed by the Glock 43 in 9mm Parabellum. The most recent additions to the "slimline" series, the 43X and 48, were introduced together in 9mm Parabellum. These have longer grips that allow for a full three-finger hold and a 10-round capacity. The 43X is a long grip "crossover" 43, while the .48 has a longer slide to provide a "slimline" version of the "compact" Glock 19.
| Caliber | Subcompact (SC)/SC | Compact (C)/C | C/Standard (Std) | Std/C | Std/Std | Competition/Std | Long Slide/Std |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9×19mm | G26 | G19,[a] G46 | G19X,[b] G45[c] | G49[d] | G17,[e] G18, G47,[f] P80 | G34[g] | G17L[h] |
| 10mm Auto | G29 | G20[i] | G40[j] | ||||
| .45 ACP | G30, G30S[k] | G21[l] | G41[m] | ||||
| .40 S&W | G27 | G23 | G22[n] | G35[o] | G24[p] | ||
| .380 Auto | G28 | G25 | |||||
| .357 SIG | G33 | G32 | G31 | ||||
| .45 G.A.P. | G39 | G38 | G37 | ||||
| 22 LR | G44 |
- ^ G19 compact size slide is interchangeable with G47 and G49 standard size slides and the G19X and G45 compact size slides.
- ^ G19X compact size slide is interchangeable with G47 and G49 standard size slides and the G19 and G45 compact size slides.
- ^ G45 compact size slide is interchangeable with G47 and G49 standard size slides and the G19 and G19X compact size slides.
- ^ G49 standard size slide is interchangeable with G47 standard size slide and G19, G19X, and G45 compact size slides.
- ^ G17 standard size slide is interchangeable with G17L long slide and G34 competition size slide.
- ^ G47 standard size slide is interchangeable with G49 standard size slide and G19, G19X, and G45 compact size slides.
- ^ G34 competition size slide is interchangeable with G17 standard size slide and G17L long slide.
- ^ G17L long slide is interchangeable with G17 standard size slide and G34 competition size slide.
- ^ G20 standard size slide is interchangeable with G40 long slide.
- ^ G40 long slide is interchangeable with G20 standard size slide.
- ^ G30S slim slide is interchangeable with G36 slim slide.
- ^ G21 standard size slide is interchangeable with G41 long slide.
- ^ G41 long slide is interchangeable with G21 standard size slide.
- ^ G22 standard size slide is interchangeable with G24 long slide and G35 competition size slide.
- ^ G35 competition size slide is interchangeable with G22 standard size slide and G24 long slide.
- ^ G24 long slide is interchangeable with G22 standard size slide and G35 competition size slide.
| Caliber | Subcompact (SC)/SC | SC/Compact (C) | C/C |
|---|---|---|---|
| 9×19mm | G43 (slim)[a] | G43X (slim)[b] | G48 (slim)[c] |
| .45 ACP | G36 (slim)[d] | ||
| .380 Auto | G42 (slim) |
- ^ G43 subcompact size slide is interchangeable with G43X subcompact and G48 compact slide.
- ^ G43X subcompact size slide is interchangeable with G43 subcompact and G48 compact slide.
- ^ G48 compact size slide is interchangeable with subcompact slides of G43 and G43X.
- ^ G36 slim slide is interchangeable with G30S slim slide.
9×19mm Parabellum edit
- Glock 17: The Glock 17 is the original 9×19mm Parabellum model, with a standard magazine capacity of 17 rounds, introduced in 1982. Initial samples of the new civilian offering were marked Glock 82. But, it was decided not to use the year to designate civilian models, but to begin the model numbers at 17 and continue numerically from there. Glock also offers a version of the standard magazine which incorporates a longer "+2" base plate to provide a capacity of 19 rounds. Also, a 10-round version of the standard magazine was created for markets that restrict the magazine capacity of handguns. And, Glock offers an extended 24 round (with flush base plate) magazine for the Glock 17. Finally, the Glock 17 can use the Glock 18's extended 33 round (with +2 base plate) magazine. The base plates for the extended magazines can be swapped out to create 26 and 31 round magazines as well. The longest serving of the Glocks, the Glock 17 can be had with numerous "options" such as a threaded barrel, or slides cut for the Multi Optic System (MOS). Some options, such as the universal Glock rail have become standard. In addition, some features have been given their own suffixed model designations creating entirely new models, all of which can use the same magazines as the Glock 17:
- Glock 17L: Introduced in 1988, the 17L incorporates a longer slide and extended barrel. Initially, the Glock 17L had three holes in the top of the barrel and a corresponding slot in the slide; however, later production pistols lack the holes in the barrel. The Glock 17L is manufactured in limited quantities.
- Glock 17C: Introduced in 1996, the 17C incorporates slots cut in the barrel and slide to compensate for recoil. Many other Glock pistols now come with this option, all with a "C" suffix on the slide.
- Glock 17MB: The 17MB is a version with ambidextrous magazine catch. This model, along with the other MB variants, was no longer available upon the introduction of the fourth-generation models, which have a reversible magazine catch.
- Glock 17M: Introduced in 2016, the 17M was created in response to an FBI solicitation for a new full-size 9mm pistol. Differences from the Generation 4 model include removal of the finger grooves, ambidextrous slide lock, rounded slide nose profile, flared magazine well with new magazine baseplates, and a tougher finish on metal components. The Glock 17M also abandons the polygonal rifling of previous models for conventional rifling.[94] As of 2017[update], the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the South Carolina Highway Patrol and the Ontario Provincial Police[95] have adopted the pistol as standard.
- Glock P80: Introduced in 2020, the P80 was commissioned by United States firearms distributor Lipsey's to create an exclusive commemorative Glock model, the Pistole 80. The P80 is a throwback to the original Glock 17 Gen 1 type pistol chambered in 9×19mm with original Gen 1 frame and stippling and Gen 2 / Gen 3 internals.
- Glock 18: The Glock 18 is a selective-fire variant of the Glock 17, developed at the request of the Austrian counter-terrorist unit EKO Cobra, and as a way to internally test Glock components under high strain conditions.[96] Originally produced in 1986, this machine pistol–class firearm has a lever-type fire-control circular selector switch, installed on the serrated portion of the rear left side of the slide. With the selector lever in the bottom position, the pistol fires fully automatically at a cyclic rate of 1,100–1,200 RPM (rounds per minute), and with the selector lever in the top position, the pistol fires semi-automatically. The firearm is typically used with an extended 33-round-capacity magazine and may be fired with or without a shoulder stock, although other magazines from the Glock 17 can be used, with available capacities of 10, 17, 19 or 24 rounds. Unlike all its other pistols, it is only offered to military, law enforcement, and government organizations.[97] Early Glock 18 models were ported to reduce muzzle rise during automatic fire. A very early design introduced a longer ported barrel which was soon discarded as it would not fit in a holster. Another compensated variant was produced, known as the Glock 18C. It has a keyhole opening cut into the forward portion of the slide, similar to the opening on the Glock long-slide models, although the Glock 18 has a standard-length slide. The keyhole opening provides an area to allow the four, progressively larger (from back to front) compensator cuts machined into the barrel to vent the propellant gases upwards, affording more control over the rapid-firing machine pistol.
- Glock 18C: The compensator cuts start about halfway back on the top of the barrel. The two rear cuts are narrower than the two front cuts. The slide is hollowed, or dished-out, in a rectangular pattern between the rear of the ejection port and the rear sight. The rate of fire in fully automatic mode is around 1,100–1,200 rounds per minute. Most of the other characteristics are equivalent to the Glock 17, although the slide, frame, and certain fire-control parts of the Glock 18 are not interchangeable with other Glock models.[98][99]
- Glock 19: The Glock 19 is effectively a reduced-size Glock 17, called the "Compact" by the manufacturer. It was first produced in 1988, primarily for military and law enforcement. The Glock 19's barrel and pistol grip are shorter by about 12 mm (0.5 in) than the Glock 17, and it uses a magazine with a standard capacity of 15 rounds. A 10 round version of this magazine is also made for markets that restrict the magazine capacity of handguns. And, a "+2" base plate can make the standard magazine into a longer 17 round magazine. The pistol is also compatible with any magazines designed for the Glock 17 and Glock 18, providing factory magazine capacities of 17, 19, 24 and 33. Changing out base plates adds capacities of 26 or 31. To preserve the operational reliability of the short recoil system, the mass of the slide remains the same as in the Glock 17 from which it is derived. With the exception of the slide, frame, barrel, locking block, recoil spring, guide rod, and slide lock spring, all of the other components are interchangeable between the models 17 and 19. The Glock 19 Gen 4 MOS (Modular Optic System) has also been used by Special Operations Forces as the MK27 MOD 2.[100] One of the oldest of the Glock pistols, options like threaded barrel and MOS slide cuts are available, and suffixed model designations have been created for some features, all of which excepting the G19X can use any magazine the G19 can:
- Glock 19X: The 19X is the civilian version of Glock's entry to the XM17 Modular Handgun System competition for the US Military. It features a Glock 19 slide with a Glock 17-like frame in coyote color instead of the regular Glock black color. The frame includes a lanyard loop and a front lip in the magazine which purpose is to make changing magazines with gloves on easier, but this means the new Gen 5 17-round magazines cannot be used in the Glock 19X because the front lip will block the extended magazine floor plates from locking into the 19X's magazine well. This can be remedied by switching to a Gen 4–style magazine floor plate[101] or with a factory +2 extension. The G19X can use any factory G17 magazine for Gen 4 and prior. It is only the Gen 5 17 and 19 round magazines that it can't accept. The 19X comes standard with night sights and includes one 17-round magazine and two 19-round magazines, all in coyote color. The Glock 19X has proven to be one of Glock's best selling pistols, with over 100,000 sold within 6 months of the 19X first being released.[102]
- Glock 19M: Introduced in 2016, the 19M was created in response to an FBI solicitation for a new compact 9mm pistol. Differences from the Generation 4 model include removal of the finger grooves, ambidextrous slide stop, rounded slide nose profile, flared magazine well with new magazine baseplates, and a tougher finish on metal components. The Glock 19M also abandons the polygonal rifling of previous models for conventional rifling. The US Marine Corps fielded the Glock 19M, designated as the M007, to CID (Criminal Investigation Division) and Marine One personnel.[103]
- Glock 19 Canadian: The limit for Restricted Class firearms in Canada is a 105mm barrel, so, due to its 102mm barrel, the standard Glock 19 is too short to be legal. Starting in 2017, a market specific Glock 19 has been sold in Canada with a 106mm barrel and a distinctive laser-engraved hollow maple leaf on the right side of the slide.[104][105]
- Glock 26: The Glock 26 is a 9×19mm "subcompact" variant designed for concealed carry and was introduced in 1995, mainly for the civilian market. It has also been acquired by the US military and designated MK 26.[106][107][108] It features a smaller frame compared to the Glock 19, with a pistol grip that supports only two fingers, a shorter barrel and slide, and a double-stack magazine with a standard capacity of 10 rounds. A factory magazine with a +2 extension gives a capacity of 12 rounds. In addition, the Glock 26 can use factory magazines from the Glock 17, Glock 18, and Glock 19, and one can swap out base plates to give it capacities of 15, 17, 19, 24, 26, 31 and 33 rounds. More than simply a "shortened" Glock 19, design of the subcompact Glock 26 required extensive rework of the frame, locking block, and spring assembly that features a dual recoil spring. MOS options are available, but so far the Glock universal rail is not offered. There is also:
- Glock 26 for U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP): This Glock is a Generation 5 Glock for the CBP that incorporates a flared magazine well with an extended, longer grip than that of the usual Gen 5 Glock 26. Moreover, the magazine well is flat across and has no bump as the Glock 25 Gen 5 or the G19X. In addition, it offers a Longer 11-round magazine.[109]
- Glock 34: The Glock 34 is a competition version of the Glock 17. It is similar to its predecessor, the Glock 17L, but with a slightly shorter slide and barrel, to meet the maximum size requirements for many sanctioned action pistol sporting events. It was developed and produced in 1998, and compared to the Glock 17, features a 21 mm (0.8 in) longer barrel and slide. It has an extended magazine release, extended slide stop lever, 20 N (4.5 lbf) trigger pull, and an adjustable rear sight. The sides at the front of the slide are slanted instead of squared. Further, the top of the slide and parts of its inside are milled out, creating a conspicuous hole at the top designed to reduce front-end muzzle weight to better balance the pistol and reduce the overall weight of the slide.[110] The Glock 34 can accept any magazine the Glock 17 can accept.
- Glock 43: The Glock 43 is a "slimline" version of the subcompact Glock 26 that features an ultracompact slide and frame. The Glock 43 is the first Glock pistol to be manufactured with a single-stack 9×19mm Parabellum magazine, having a standard capacity of six rounds and being unique to the model. Unlike other subcompact Glock pistols, the Glock 43 cannot use factory magazines from its larger relatives due to its single-stack magazine design. It also does not allow the removal of the backplate grip as is possible on the 4th gen Glocks. The magazine is thinner than the Glock 43X, and the Glock 43 cannot accept magazines for the Glock 43X.
- Glock 43X: The 43X is similar to the 43 except it has a longer and thicker grip for an increased magazine capacity of 10 rounds. The grip of the Glock 43X is comparable to the 48 and can be interchanged. Glock 43X magazines do not fit into the Glock 43, or vice versa. The 43X also features front slide serrations, a built-in extended beaver tail, a reversible magazine catch (similar to Gen 5 models), GMB rifling (again similar to Gen 5 models), and a two-tone finish (silver slide/black receiver).[111] In the E.U. the 43X comes with a rail.[112] At least three aftermarket sources manufacture 15 round flush-fit magazines for the Glock 43X and Glock 48, which make the Glock 43X and Glock 48 match the standard capacity of the Glock 19 in a narrower pistol.[113]
- Glock 45: The Glock 45 , similar to the Glock 19X, incorporates Gen5 features catered for police use. The Glock 45 frame features a Glock 17 full size grip length with a shorter Glock 19 length dust cover and is fitted with a Glock 19 slide with front slide serrations. Unlike the Glock 19X, the Glock 45 features a flared magazine well and can accommodate Gen 5 magazines, because unlike the 19X, the Glock 45 does not have the front lip that blocks the Gen 5 magazine's extended floor plate. The Glock 45 also deletes the lanyard loop found at the back of the grip on the 19X and comes standard with plastic sights instead of the night sights standard on the 19X.[114]
- Glock 46: The Glock 46 is a "compact" version like the Glock 19. This model has a rotating barrel breech lock system.[115] It had been designed as option to bid for a service pistol, with law enforcement agencies in Germany at state and federal level in mind. The differing breech lock system makes it possible to disassemble the firearm without the need to press the trigger, but only with no projectile chambered. Also, enhanced drop-safety is a must – the model complies with the specifications in the German technical guideline (Technische Richtlinie "Pistole") for service pistols. Police in Saxony-Anhalt chose the Glock 46 TR among three competitors and are to receive up to 8,600 new pistols until 2021 for over 6,400 officers, replacing their ageing Pistole 6 (P6), a SIG Sauer P225 variant. The state of Saxony-Anhalt is the first introducing a pistol made by Glock as standard issue sidearm into its force.[116][117][118]
- Glock 47: The Glock 47 is a full-sized handgun created for the U.S. Customs and Border Protection, who wanted a version of the Glock 17 that has full parts compatibility with a Glock 19, saving for the slide and barrel. This means that the G47 slide and barrel can be put on a G19 frame to give the G19 a longer slide, barrel, and sight radius (the equivalent of a Glock 49), and the G19 slide and barrel can be put on a G47 frame to create a pistol that functions like a Glock 45. The G47 recoil spring assembly is the same as for the G19. The G47 frame is the same as for the G45 with a shorter dust cover, and the G17-length slide is modified to fill in the gap in a similar manner to the G34. The G47 also comes with MOS cuts and magazines that have the Gen 5 extended base plate.[119] In short, G47 and G19 Gen5/MOS/MOD1/FS have modularity between both pistols.[120] Reportedly, the US Secret Service is also using this model, and the G47 Gen 5 MOS is now available to the public.
- Glock 48: The Glock 48 is a "slimline" version similar to the subcompact Glock 43 and 43X. All components of the Glock 48 are identical to the Glock 43X except the slide and barrel which are longer. The slides for the Glock 43, Glock 43X, and Glock 48 are functional on any of those three frames. The G48 features a 4.17-inch-long barrel, front slide serrations, a built-in extended beaver tail, a reversible magazine catch (similar to Gen 5 models), GMB rifling (again similar to Gen 5 models), a two-tone finish (silver slide/black receiver), and a magazine capacity of 10 rounds.[112] In the E.U., Glock offers the 48 and the 43X with a rail.[112] At least three aftermarket sources manufacture 15 round flush-fit magazines for the Glock 43X and Glock 48, which make the Glock 43X and Glock 48 match the standard capacity of the Glock 19 in a narrower pistol.
- Glock 49: In May 2022, a photograph was posted by noted firearms author Larry Vickers, who was asking for more information about the firearm pictured in the photograph. The weapon, marked Glock 49, appeared to be a Glock 47 with a shorter Glock 19 size grip and magazine. The pictured Gen 5 firearm lacked any MOS slide cuts. The handgun in that photo was apparently a sample and the Glock 49 has not been marketed in that form.[121] Later, in November 2023, American firearms distributor TALO Distributors announced the introduction of the Glock 49. Like Larry Vicker's photograph, it used the full-length Glock 47 slide and the Glock 19 frame. It differs from Vickers' photograph in that the slide is cut for the MOS optics option. The model is sold exclusively through TALO Distributors, and Glock does not offer to sell it directly.[122] The new model is essentially a crossover similar to the Glock 45, but in reverse. Instead of a compact slide mated to a full-grip frame, it is a full-length slide mated to a compact frame.
9×21mm edit
- The 9×21mm pistol cartridge was adopted and commercialized by Israel Military Industries for those markets (such as in France, Italy, and Mexico)[a] where military service cartridges like the 9×19mm Parabellum are banned for civilian use. Glock produces 9x21mm chambered versions of the Model 17, and other 9mm Parabellum models,[123] for these markets. These alternative caliber versions are marked with the same model number as the 9mm Parabellum version [b] only differing in the barrel and caliber marking. Glock does not export or produce the 9×21mm pistols for the United States commercial market. This makes any 9×21mm Glock model a unique and are a highly desirable item for US firearm collectors. A limited number of 9×21mm Glocks have found their way into the US and are mostly held by collectors and gun enthusiasts.[124]
10mm Auto edit
- Glock 20: The Glock 20, introduced in 1991, was developed for the then-growing law enforcement and security forces market for the 10mm Auto. The pistol handles both full-power and reduced "FBI" loads that have reduced muzzle velocity. Due to the longer cartridge and higher pressures, the pistol is slightly larger than the Glock 17, having a roughly 2.5 mm (0.1 in) greater width and 7 mm (0.3 in) greater length. Though many small parts interchange with the Glock 17, with a close to 50% parts commonality, the major assemblies are scaled-up and do not interchange. The standard magazine capacity of the Glock 20 is 15 rounds, and there are no other factory magazine offerings. In 2009, Glock announced they would offer a 152 mm (6.0 in) barrel as a drop-in option.[91]
- Glock 20SF: The 20SF is a version of the Glock 20 that uses the Short Frame (SF) which is based on the standard G20 frame (same width), but reduces the trigger reach from the back of the grip by 2.5 mm (0.098 in) and the heel of the pistol is shortened by 4 mm (0.16 in) so the trigger can be reached and operated better by users with relatively small hands.
- Glock 29: The Glock 29 is a 10mm Auto equivalent of the subcompact Glock 26 introduced in 1997 along with the Glock 30 (.45 ACP). The pistol features a 96 mm (3.8 in) barrel and a standard magazine capacity of 10 rounds. Like other subcompact Glock pistols, the Glock 29 functions with the factory magazines from its related full-size model, giving an optional capacity of 15 rounds.
- Glock 29SF: The 29SF version of the Glock 29 uses the SF which is based on the standard G29 frame (same width), but reduces the trigger reach from the back of the grip by 2.5 mm (0.098 in).
- Glock 40: The Glock 40, introduced in 2015, is a 10mm Auto equivalent of the long-slide Glock 17L. The Glock 40 is only made with the "Gen4" frame and "MOS" (Modular Optic System) configuration.[125] The Glock 40 uses the same magazine as the Glock 20.
.45 ACP edit
Glock pistols chambered for the .45 ACP (and the .45 GAP) feature octagonal polygonal rifling rather than the hexagonal-shaped bores used for models in most other chamberings.[126] Octagonal rifling provides a better gas seal in relatively large diameter rifled bores, since an octagon resembles a circle more closely than a hexagon.[75]
- Glock 21: The Glock 21 is a .45 ACP version of the Glock 20 designed primarily for the American market.[127] Compared to the Glock 20 chambered in 10mm Auto, the slide of the Glock 21 is lighter to compensate for the lower-energy .45 ACP cartridge. The standard Glock 21 magazine is of the single-position-feed, staggered-column type with a capacity of 13 rounds. While there is no other factory magazine, a "+1" base plate is available to make the magazine 14 round.
- Glock 21SF: The 21SF is a version of the Glock 21 that uses a Short Frame lower which is based on the standard G21 frame (same width), but reduces trigger reach from the back of the grip by 2.5 mm (0.098 in), and the heel of the pistol is shortened by 4 mm (0.16 in) so the trigger can be reached and operated better by users with smaller hands.
- Glock 30: The Glock 30 is a .45 ACP version of the subcompact Glock 29, with a standard magazine capacity of 10 rounds. The standard magazine includes a "+1" base plate, and can be made into a 9 round magazine by swapping in a flush base plate. The factory magazine from the Glock 21, with a capacity of 13 rounds (14 rounds with the +1 base plate), will function in the Glock 30.
- Glock 30SF: The 30SF is a version of the Glock 30 that uses a Short Frame lower which is based on the standard G30 frame (same width), but reduces trigger reach from the back of the grip by 2.5 mm (0.098 in). The G30SF accepts the same double-stack .45ACP magazines as the G30 and G21.[128]
- Glock 30S: The 30S is a version of the Glock 30 that features a thin slide (same slide as the G36), a Short Frame lower, and the same double stack magazines as the Glock 30 and 21.[129] Like the G30, G30S magazines holds 10 rounds.[130]
- Glock 36: The Glock 36 is a "slimline" version of the subcompact Glock 30 that features an ultracompact slide and frame and is chambered for the .45 ACP cartridge. The Glock 36 is the first Glock pistol to be manufactured with a single-stack magazine, having a standard capacity of six rounds and being unique to the model. The Glock 36 cannot use factory magazines from its larger relatives due to its single-stack magazine design.
- Glock 41: The Glock 41 is a competition version of the Glock 21, much like what the G34 is in relation to the G17; it features a 5.3-inch barrel and an elongated slide. The Glock 41 is only made with the "Gen4" frame.[131]
.40 S&W edit
In 1990, Smith & Wesson and Winchester developed the .40 Smith & Wesson by shortening the 10mm case. This created a round that was more powerful than the 9mm Parabellum but with more manageable recoil. The round was also still operable in the smaller frame size used for Glock 9mm models. As is typical of many pistols chambered in .40 S&W, each of the standard Glock models (22, 23, and 27) may be easily converted to the corresponding .357 SIG chambering (Glock 31, 32, and 33, respectively) simply by replacing the barrel. No other parts need to be replaced, as the .40 S&W magazines will feed the .357 SIG rounds.
- Glock 22: The Glock 22 is a .40 S&W version of the full-sized Glock 17 introduced in 1990. The pistol uses a modified slide, frame, and barrel to account for the differences in size and power of the .40 S&W cartridge. The standard magazine capacity is 15 rounds. A 10 round version of this magazine is also offered for those markets where the magazine capacity for handguns is restricted. Additionally, the standard magazine is available with a "+1" base plate to make it a 16 round magazine. And, there is a Glock factory 22 round extended magazine offered. One can also swap in the +1 base plate to make that a 23 round magazine. The Glock Model 22 is favored and used by multiple law enforcement agencies around the world, including the Baltimore Police Department, Los Angeles Police Department, Miami Police Department, Maryland State Police, Cumberland County Sheriff's Department (NJ), Overland Park Police Department, Kansas City Police Department, Missouri State Highway Patrol, and Alaska State Troopers in the United States; the NSW Police Force, Queensland Police Service and the Northern Territory Police Force in Australia; the Edmonton Police Service, Calgary Police Service, Alberta Sheriffs Branch, Winnipeg Police Service, Toronto Police Service, Ottawa Police Service, and British Columbia Sheriff Service in Canada; and the National Bureau of Investigation (Philippines).
- Glock 23: The Glock 23 is a .40 S&W version of the compact Glock 19. It is dimensionally identical to the Glock 19, but is slightly heavier and uses a modified slide, frame, .40 S&W barrel, and a standard magazine capacity of 13 rounds. For jurisdictions limiting the magazine capacity of handguns, Glock offers a 10 round version of the standard magazine as well. There is also a factory 14 round version of the standard magazine using the +1 base plate. Finally, any magazine made for the Glock 22 will work in the Glock 23.
- Glock 24: The Glock 24 is a .40 S&W long-slide variant of the Glock 22, similar in concept to the Glock 17L. Additionally, a compensated, ported-barrel version designated the 24C was also produced. The Glock 24 was introduced in 1994 and officially dropped from the company's regular product lineup upon the release of the Glock 34 and 35.[132] The Glock 24 can use any magazine made for the Glock 22.
- Glock 27: The Glock 27 is a .40 S&W version of the subcompact Glock 26, with a standard magazine capacity of 9 rounds. Glock also offers a 10 round version of this magazine with the +1 base plate. The factory magazines from the larger Glock 22 and 23 will function in the Glock 27, increasing capacity to 13, 14, 15, 16 or 22 rounds. Spacers are available that fit on these larger-capacity magazines themselves; they have the effect of "extending" the magazine well of the pistol, thereby improving the ergonomic feel of the pistol when the longer magazines are inserted.
- Glock 35: The Glock 35 is a .40 S&W version of the competition Glock 34. The Glock Model 35 was the service pistol for the Kentucky State Police, but by the summer of 2017, they had reverted from the Glock 35 back to 9mm weapons because of penetration improvements in the 9mm bullets, noting some officers had never been able to make the switch from 9mm to .40 S&W in the first place due to their struggles in mastering the higher caliber.[133] The Glock 35 can use any magazine made for the Glock 22.
.380 ACP edit
The first two .380 ACP models (Glock 25 and 28) were released in 1995 to provide a less powerful alternative to the 9mm Parabellum and 9x21mm, and primarily intended for markets (such as Brazil) that prohibit civilian ownership of firearms chambered in more powerful calibers.[134] Made in Austria, they are legally prohibited from being imported for civilians in the United States, lacking sufficient points to meet the import restrictions.[135] Recently, a limited run of the Glock 28 were manufactured in Glock's US plant for sale in the US. The Glock 25 and 28 are also prohibited from ownership in Canada due to not meeting minimum barrel length requirements for handguns.
Due to the relatively low bolt thrust of the .380 ACP cartridge, the locked-breech design of the Glock 19 and Glock 26 was minimally modified for the Glock 25 and Glock 28 to implement unlocked breech operation. It operates via straight blowback of the slide. This required modification of the locking surfaces on the barrel, as well as a redesign of the former locking block. Unusual for a blowback design, the barrel is not fixed to the frame. It moves rearward in recoil until it is tilted below the slide, similar to the standard locked-breech system. The reduced size and mass of the Glock 42 allowed for the return to the Glock-standard locked-breech design.
- Glock 25: The Glock 25 , introduced in 1995, is a blowback derivative of the compact (102 mm (4.0 in) barrel) Glock 19. The magazine capacity is 15 rounds. Standard fixed sight elevation is 6.9 mm, unlike the 6.5 mm elevation used for the 9×19mm models.[136]
- Glock 28: The Glock 28 , introduced in 1997, is a blowback derivative of the subcompact (87 mm (3.4 in) barrel) Glock 26. The standard magazine capacity is 10 rounds, but the 15-round Glock 25 magazine will function in the Glock 28. Standard fixed-sight elevation is 6.9 mm, unlike the 6.5 mm elevation used for the 9×19mm Parabellum models.
- Glock 42: The Glock 42 , introduced in 2014, is a locked-breech "slimline" (83 mm (3.3 in) barrel) design. The single-stack magazine has a capacity of six rounds. It is Glock's smallest model ever made and is manufactured in the United States, which unlike the Glock 25 and 28, allows it to be sold in the domestic USA market.
.357 SIG edit
In 1994, SIG and Federal developed the .357 SIG to match the ballistics of typical .357 Magnum loads. This was done by necking down a shortened 10mm case to .357, so it was easy for Glock to alter their .40 Smith & Wesson models to the new caliber. As is typical of pistols chambered in .357 SIG, each of the standard Glock models (31, 32, and 33) may be easily converted to the corresponding .40 S&W chambering (Glock 22, 23, and 27, respectively) simply by replacing the barrel. No other parts need to be replaced, as the .357 SIG magazines will feed the .40 S&W round. Though marked as a different caliber, the .357 SIG magazines are the same as for the .40 S&W models and interchangeable.
- Glock 31: The Glock 31 is a .357 SIG variant of the full-sized Glock 22. The standard magazine capacity of the Glock 31 is 15 rounds. It can accept magazines intended for the Glock 22 as well.
- Glock 32: The Glock 32 is a .357 SIG variant of the compact Glock 23. The standard magazine capacity of the Glock 32 is 13 rounds. It can accept magazines intended for the Glock 31, Glock 22, or Glock 23 as well.
- Glock 33: The Glock 33 is a .357 SIG variant of the subcompact Glock 27. The standard magazine capacity of the Glock 33 is 9 rounds. It can also accept magazines intended for the Glock 32, Glock 31, Glock 22, Glock 23, and Glock 27.
.45 GAP edit
Glock pistols chambered for the .45 GAP (and the .45 ACP) feature octagonal polygonal rifling rather than the hexagonal-shaped bores used for models in most other chamberings.[126] Octagonal rifling provides a better gas seal in relatively large diameter rifled bores, since an octagon will have shorter sides and shallower angles than a hexagon.[75]
- Glock 37: The Glock 37 is a .45 GAP version of the Glock 17. It uses a wider, beveled slide, larger barrel, and different magazine, but is otherwise similar to the Glock 17. The Glock 37 first appeared in 2003. It was designed to offer ballistic performance comparable with the .45 ACP in the frame size of the Glock 17. The concern with the size of the Glock 20/21 has been addressed by the Glock 36, 21SF, and 30SF, all of which featured reduced-size frames. The standard magazine capacity of the Glock 37 is 10 rounds.
- Glock 38: The Glock 38 is a .45 GAP version of the compact Glock 19.[137] The standard magazine capacity of the Glock 38 is 8 rounds, but it can use the 10 round magazines of the Glock 37.
- Glock 39: The Glock 39 is a .45 GAP version of the subcompact Glock 26. The standard magazine capacity of the Glock 39 is 6 rounds, but it can use the 8 and 10 round magazines of the Glock 37 and Glock 38.
.22 LR edit
- Glock 44: The Glock 44 is a .22 LR (Long Rifle) rimfire model based on the Glock 19. While the Glock 44 is similar in size as the Glock 19, the Glock 44 has a magazine capacity of 10 rounds and uses a simple blowback mechanism instead of a locked breech mechanism used on nearly all other Glock pistols.[138] In addition, the Glock 44 is lighter than the G19, weighing in at just 12 ounces, and it retains Glock's popular polygonal rifling, which has been tested by Glock to work with lead .22 bullets. It uses a steel/polymer composite slide due to the lower slide mass required to function with the less powerful cartridge.[139]
Production in other countries edit
Aside from the original Austrian company, Glock pistols are manufactured by the Glock Inc. subsidiary division located in the United States. Those batches are identical to the Austrian-made ones, but they are marked as "USA", instead of "AUSTRIA", on the slide. As of 2015, there were plans to assemble Glock 17 pistols at army workshops in Uruguay to fulfill the needs of the national military services and law enforcement organizations.[140]
Russian firms such as Skat,[141][142] ORSIS,[143] and Izhmash[144] assemble three models of Glock pistols locally: the Glock 17, 34, and 35.
Clones edit
Third party frames and slides for Glock pistols began to appear in the early 2000s. This has led to "Glock" becoming a generic term encompassing pistols not made by Glock Ges.m.b.H. especially as expiring patents allowed for complete Glock clones to be made.[145] As of 2019 a large number of American companies produced Glock clones.[146]
There are three sidearms made by Iranian DIO's Shahid Kaveh Industry Complex which they call Ra'ad (has a safety selector, possibly an unlicensed copy of Glock 17), Glock 19 and Kaveh-17 (probably an improved Ra'ad, a variant of Glock 17S), which all of them are unlicensed clones of Glock pistols.[147] It is not known if they could make their way to Iranian military and replace the Browning Hi-Power, M1911 and SIG P226 pistols and they were possibly some prototypes and have never gone on mass production.[148]
Turkish company Akdal Arms produces a pistol named the Ghost TR01, which is heavily influenced by Glock pistols in its design.[149]
The Tatmadaw of Myanmar have adopted a clone of the Glock 17 known as the MA5 MK II, which was first reported in 2018.[150] They are currently being manufactured and adopted for Myanmar's special forces units.[151]
The 205th Arsenal in Taiwan produces a copy of the Glock 19, named the T97 pistol. The Taiwan-made Glocks were made to replace the Smith & Wesson Model 5906 used by the Taiwan police, but it ultimately did not enter service.
In 2017, it was reported that Norinco was able to make a clone of the Glock 17[152] known as the NP-7 (or NP7).[153] The pistol was subcontracted to Hunan Ordnance Industry Group through the Hunan Ordnance and Light Weapons Research Institute.[154][155] Its features appear to be influenced by the fourth gen Glock 17.[156] The NP7 is being marketed for export sales.[156]
Unlicensed Glock clones are made in Pakistan's Khyber region,[157] which were first reported in 2018.[158][159]
Users edit
Criminal use edit
A 2014 report by the Chicago Police Department revealed that Glock pistols are the third most traced handgun, coming after Smith & Wesson and Sturm, Ruger & Co.[308]
Glock pistols have been used in mass shootings in the United States including the 1991 Luby's shooting, the 2007 Virginia Tech shooting, the 2011 Tucson shooting, the 2012 Aurora shooting, the 2012 Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting, the 2015 Charleston church shooting, the 2016 Orlando nightclub shooting, the Pittsburgh synagogue shooting, and the 2022 New York City Subway attack. Experts on gun control, mass shootings, and defense training have cited factors such as reliability, ease of use, and commonness. The criminal use of handguns including Glocks has led to calls for increased gun control in the United States.[309][310][311] This common usage, however, has been described by Paul M. Barrett to be a result of Glock's overall popularity and market presence in the US and that "this level of violence isn't necessarily tied to a particular[,] to a brand". In the late 80s, gun control advocates had similarly focused on Glock pistols because of their magazine capacity (compared to six shot revolvers), but also their "futuristic, distinct appearance". They were singled out for restriction by some jurisdictions and were branded the "hijacker's special" based on the false assumption that they could bypass airport metal detectors because of their polymer frame. This was refuted in Congressional hearings by the ATF, FAA, and other organizations responsible for airline security, which proved embarrassing for the bans' advocates and provided significant publicity for Glock.[312][better source needed] In April 2022, Ilene Steur, a survivor of the 2022 NYC subway attack, sued Glock and its Austrian parent company for compensation for her physical injuries and emotional pain.[313] Glock pistols have also been used in mass shootings elsewhere in the world, including the 2002 Erfurt massacre, the 2001 Nepalese royal massacre, the 2011 Norway attacks, the 2016 Munich shooting, the 2023 Prague shooting, and the killings commited by Viktor Kalivoda in 2005.
See also edit
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glock, this, article, about, semi, automatic, pistol, other, uses, disambiguation, german, ˈglɔk, stylized, glock, brand, polymer, framed, short, recoil, operated, locked, breech, semi, automatic, pistols, designed, produced, austrian, manufacturer, first, gen. This article is about the semi automatic pistol For other uses see Glock disambiguation Glock German ˈglɔk stylized as GLOCK is a brand of polymer framed short recoil operated locked breech semi automatic pistols designed and produced by Austrian manufacturer Glock Ges m b H GlockA first generation Glock 17 adopted by the Norwegian Armed Forces under the P80 designation TypeSemi automatic pistol Machine pistol Glock 18 Place of originAustriaService historyIn service1982 presentUsed bySee UsersWarsKurdish Turkish conflict 1978 present 1 War in Afghanistan 2001 2021 Iraq WarSyrian Civil WarWar in Iraq 2013 2017 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine 2 3 2024 conflict in Ecuador 4 Production historyDesignerGaston GlockDesigned1979 1982ManufacturerGlock Ges m b H Produced1982 presentNo built20 000 000 as of 2020 5 VariantsSee VariantsSpecificationsCartridge9 19mm Parabellum 10mm Auto 22 LR 357 SIG 380 ACP 40 S amp W 45 ACP 45 GAPActionShort recoil locked breech tilting barrel straight blowback for Glock 25 28 and 44 Rate of fire1 100 1 200 rounds min Glock 18 Muzzle velocity375 m s 1 230 ft s Glock 17 17C 18 18C 6 Effective firing range50 m 55 yd Glock 17 17C 18 18C 7 8 Feed system6 10 13 15 17 19 24 31 33 or 40 round 9 detachable box magazine or 50 or 100 round 10 detachable drum magazineThe firearm entered Austrian military and police service by 1982 after becoming the top performer in reliability and safety tests 11 Glock pistols have become the company s most profitable line of products and have been supplied to national armed forces security agencies and police forces in at least 48 countries 12 Glocks are also popular firearms among civilians for recreational and competition shooting home and self defense both in concealed or open carry 13 Contents 1 History 1 1 Development 1 2 Product evolution 1 2 1 First generation models 1 2 2 Second generation models 1 2 3 Third generation models 1 2 4 Fourth generation models 1 2 5 2011 recoil spring assembly exchange program 1 2 6 M series 1 2 7 Fifth generation models 2 Design details 2 1 Operating mechanism 2 2 Features 2 3 Barrel 2 4 Safety 2 5 Feeding 2 6 Sights 2 7 Accessories 2 7 1 Glock switch 2 8 Commemorative anniversary engraved and other rare Glocks 3 Variants 3 1 9 19mm Parabellum 3 2 9 21mm 3 3 10mm Auto 3 4 45 ACP 3 5 40 S amp W 3 6 380 ACP 3 7 357 SIG 3 8 45 GAP 3 9 22 LR 4 Production in other countries 5 Clones 6 Users 7 Criminal use 8 See also 9 References 9 1 Bibliography 10 Further reading 11 External linksHistory editThe company s founder and head engineer Gaston Glock 1929 2023 had no experience with firearms design or manufacture at the time his first pistol the Glock 17 was being prototyped Glock had extensive experience in advanced synthetic polymers which was instrumental in the company s design of the first commercially successful line of pistols with a polymer frame 14 Glock introduced ferritic nitrocarburizing into the firearms industry as an anticorrosion surface treatment for metal gun parts 15 Development edit In 1980 the Austrian Armed Forces announced that it would seek tenders for a new modern duty pistol to replace their World War II era Walther P38 handguns 11 The Federal Ministry of Defence of Austria formulated a list of 17 criteria for the new generation service pistol including requirements that it would be self loading fire the NATO standard 9 19mm Parabellum round the magazines were not to require any means of assistance for loading be secure against accidental discharge from shock strike and drop from a height of 2 m 6 ft 7 in onto a steel plate 11 After firing 15 000 rounds of standard ammunition the pistol was to be inspected for wear The pistol was to then be used to fire an overpressure test cartridge generating 5 000 bar 500 MPa 73 000 psi dubious discuss The normal maximum operating pressure Pmax for the 9 mm NATO is 2 520 bar 252 MPa 36 500 psi 16 Glock became aware of the Austrian Army s planned procurement and in 1982 assembled a team of Europe s leading handgun experts from military police and civilian sport shooting circles to define the most desirable characteristics in a combat pistol 11 Within three months Glock had developed a working prototype that combined proven mechanisms and traits from previous pistol designs 17 In addition the plan was to make extensive use of synthetic materials and modern manufacturing technologies which led to the Glock 17 becoming a cost effective candidate Several samples of the Glock 17 so named because it was the 17th patent procured by the company 18 were submitted for assessment trials in early 1982 and after passing all of the exhaustive endurance and abuse tests the Glock emerged as the winner 19 20 21 According to Friedrich Dechant former Head of the Austrian Armaments and Defence Technology Agency the Glock P80 was clearly superior to other handguns in terms of performance handling charging capacity and price 22 The handgun was adopted into service with the Austrian military and law enforcement in 1982 as the Pistole 80 P80 23 with an initial order for 25 000 guns 17 The Glock 17 outperformed eight different pistols from five other established manufacturers Heckler amp Koch of Germany offered their P7M8 P7M13 and P9S SIG Sauer of Switzerland bid with their P220 and P226 models Beretta of Italy submitted their model 92SB F FN Herstal of Belgium proposed an updated variant of the Browning Hi Power and the Austrian Steyr Mannlicher entered the competition with the GB 24 The results of the Austrian trials sparked a wave of interest in Western Europe and overseas particularly in the United States where a similar effort to select a service wide replacement for the M1911 had been going on since the late 1970s known as the Joint Service Small Arms Program In late 1983 the United States Department of Defense inquired about the Glock pistol and received four samples of the Glock 17 for unofficial evaluation 25 Glock was then invited to participate in the XM9 Personal Defense Pistol Trials but declined because the DOD specifications would require extensive retooling of production equipment and providing 35 test samples in an unrealistic time frame 25 In 1985 after joint Norwegian and Swedish trials from 1983 to 1985 the Glock 17 was accepted into service as the P80 in Norway and in 1988 as the Pistol 88 in Sweden where it surpassed all prior NATO durability standards 26 27 25 As a result the Glock 17 became a standard NATO classified sidearm and was granted a NATO Stock Number 1005 25 133 6775 25 By 1992 some 350 000 pistols had been sold in more than 45 countries including 250 000 in the United States alone 23 Starting in 2013 the British Armed Forces began replacing the Browning Hi Power pistol with the Glock 17 Gen 4 due to concerns about weight and the external safety of the Hi Power 28 The British preferred the Glock 17 Gen 4 over the Beretta Px4 Storm FN FNP Heckler amp Koch P30 SIG Sauer P226 Smith amp Wesson M amp P and Steyr M9A1 of which 19 pistols each all chambered in 9 19 mm Parabellum were entered in the R9GSP trials 29 30 The French Armed Forces FAF in 2020 began replacing their MAC Mle 1950 and to a lesser extent their PAMAS G1 pistols with Glock 17 Gen 5 models specifically made for the FAF 31 The French preferred the Glock 17 Gen 5 over the HS2000 and CZ P 10 offerings that also made it to the final selection phase 32 Product evolution edit Glock has updated its basic design several times throughout its production history First generation models edit nbsp A first generation Glock 17 with the slide locked back displaying its vertical barrel tiltThe first generation Gen 1 Glock pistols are most notably recognized by their smoother pebble finish grip and finger groove less frames The Gen 1 frame pattern and design was used by Glock from 1982 through 1988 and pre dates the checkered grip patterns used in the second generation of Glock pistols The first Glock 17s imported to the US were serialized with an alpha numeric two letter prefix followed by three numbers stamped into the slide barrel and a small metal plate inserted into the bottom side of the polymer frame The first documented Glock 17s by serial number imported into the US were from the AF000 series in January 1986 followed by AH000 AK000 and AL000 33 These early Glock Gen 1 pistols serial number prefix AF through AM were also manufactured with a barrel that had a smaller overall diameter and thinner bore walls later known as pencil barrels These early Glock 17 pencil barrel pistols are considered rare and highly desirable by Glock collectors original research The barrels were later redesigned with thicker bore walls and manufacturing continued to evolve and improve the design of Glock pistols 34 Many of the first generation Glocks were shipped and sold in the iconic Tupperware style plastic boxes The earliest Glock boxes had ammunition storage compartments that allowed for 17 rounds of 9mm to be stored with the pistol This box design was later changed by Glock to meet BATF import requirements and the ammunition storage compartments were removed 34 Second generation models edit nbsp A second generation Glock 17 identified by the checkering on the front and rear straps of the pistol grip and trigger guardA mid life upgrade to the Glock pistols involved the addition of checkering on the front strap and trigger guard and checkering and serrations to the back strap These versions introduced in 1988 were informally referred to as second generation models In 1991 an integrated recoil spring assembly replaced the original two piece recoil spring and tube design The magazine was slightly modified changing the floorplate and fitting the follower spring with a resistance insert at its base citation needed Third generation models edit nbsp A third generation Glock 17C identified by the addition of an extra cross pin above the trigger finger grooves a reshaped extractor that serves as a loaded chamber indicator and an accessory railIn 1998 the frame was further modified with an accessory rail called the Universal Glock rail similar to a picatinny rail to allow the mounting of laser sights tactical lights and other accessories Thumb rests on both sides of the frame and finger grooves on the front strap were added Glock pistols with these upgrades are informally referred to as early third generation models Later third generation models additionally featured a modified extractor that serves as a loaded chamber indicator and the locking block was enlarged along with the addition of an extra cross pin to aid the distribution of bolt thrust forces exerted by the locking block This cross pin is known as the locking block pin and is located above the trigger pin 35 The polymer frames of third generation models can be black flat dark earth or olive drab Besides that non firing dummy pistols P models and non firing dummy pistols with resetting triggers R models have a bright red frame and Simunition adapted practice pistols T models a bright blue frame for easy identification 36 In 2009 the Glock 22 RTF2 Rough Textured Frame 2 chambered in 40 S amp W was introduced This pistol featured a new checkering texture around the grip and new scalloped fish gill shaped serrations at the rear of the sides of the slide 37 38 Many of the existing models became available in the RTF2 version including the 17 39 31 32 23 21 and 19 Some of those did not have the fish gills original research Fourth generation models edit nbsp A fourth generation Glock 17 identified by an enlarged and reversible magazine release catch modified rough texture frame grip checkering interchangeable backstraps and a Gen4 rollmark on the slide nbsp A fourth generation Glock 19At the 2010 SHOT Show Glock presented the fourth generation now dubbed Gen4 by Glock itself 40 Updates centered on ergonomics and the recoil spring assembly The initial two fourth generation models announced were the full sized Glock 17 and Glock 22 chambered for the 9 19 mm Parabellum and 40 S amp W cartridges respectively The pistols were displayed with a modified rough textured frame grip checkering and interchangeable backstraps of different sizes Gen4 is rollmarked on the slide next to the model number to identify the fourth generation pistols The basic grip size of the fourth generation Glock pistols is slightly smaller compared to the previous design A punch is provided to remove the standard trigger housing pin and replace it with the longer cross pin needed to mount the medium or large backstrap that will increase the trigger distance by 2 mm 0 079 in or 4 mm 0 16 in With the medium backstrap installed the grip size is identical to the third generation pistols The magazine release catches are enlarged and reversible for left handed use 41 To use the exchangeable magazine release feature fourth generation Glock magazines have a notch cut on both sides of the magazine body Earlier versions of the magazines will not lock into the Gen4 pistols if the user has moved the magazine release button to be operated by a left handed user Gen4 magazines will work in older models 42 Mechanically fourth generation Glock pistols are fitted with a dual recoil spring assembly to help reduce perceived recoil and increase service life expectancy Earlier subcompact Glock models such as the Glock 26 and Glock 30 have already used a dual recoil spring assembly that was carried over to the fourth generation versions of those models The slide and barrel shelf have been resized and the front portion of the polymer frame has been widened and internally enlarged to accommodate the dual recoil spring assembly The trigger mechanism housing has also been modified to fit into the smaller sized grip space 43 44 45 46 47 The introduction of fourth generation Glock pistols continued in July 2010 when the Glock 19 and Glock 23 the reduced size compact versions of the Glock 17 and Glock 22 became available for retail 48 In late 2010 Glock continued the introduction of fourth generation models with the Glock 26 and Glock 27 subcompact variants In January 2013 more fourth generation Glock pistols were introduced commercially during the annual SHOT Show including the Glock 20 Generation 4 along with other fourth generation Glock models 2011 recoil spring assembly exchange program edit In September 2011 Glock announced a recoil spring exchange program in which the manufacturer voluntarily offers to exchange the recoil spring assemblies of its fourth generation pistols with the exception of the subcompact Glock 26 and Glock 27 models sold before 22 July 2011 at no cost to ensure our products perform up to GLOCK s stringent standards according to the company 49 M series edit On 29 June 2016 the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation FBI awarded a contract to Glock to provide new 9 19mm Parabellum chambered duty pistols 50 The solicitation specifications deviated from the specifications of Glock fourth generation models 51 In August 2016 the Indianapolis Metro Police Department IMPD started training with a batch of Glock 17M pistols The most obvious difference with the Glock third and fourth generation models on published images is the omission of finger grooves on the grip 52 In October of that year the IMPD issued a 17M voluntary recall following failures encountered while dry firing the pistols during training According to Major Riddle with the IMPD Glock is working to correct the problem and we hope to begin issuing the new 17Ms as soon as December 53 54 Fifth generation models edit nbsp A fifth generation Glock 17 Gen 5 FR used by a French soldierIn August 2017 Glock presented the fifth generation or Gen 5 The revisions centered on ergonomics and improving reliability Many parts of fifth generation Glock pistols cannot be interchanged with those of the previous generations The two fifth generation models announced were the Glock 17 and Glock 19 chambered for the 9 19mm Parabellum Some conspicuous changes on the fifth generation models are ambidextrous slide stop levers DLC surface finish for barrel and slide a barrel featuring a revised style of polygonal rifling called the Glock Marksman Barrel by Glock a deeper recessed barrel crown omission of the finger grooves on the grip a flared magazine well and a reintroduction of a half moon shaped cutout on the bottom front of the grip The locking block pin located above the trigger pin that was introduced in the third generation is omitted Many internal parts were less conspicuously revised 55 56 57 58 59 Gen 5 is rollmarked on the slide next to the model number to identify the fifth generation pistols The Gen 5 slide can feature front serrations FS to provide an additional tactile traction surface choice The magazines were also revised for the fifth generation models the redesigned magazine floor plates feature a frontward protruding lip to offer grip for manual assisted extraction and the magazine follower 60 became orange colored for easier visual identification Design details editOperating mechanism edit The Glock 17 is a short recoil operated locked breech semi automatic pistol that uses a modified Browning cam lock system adapted from the Hi Power pistol 61 The firearm s locking mechanism uses a linkless vertically tilting barrel with a rectangular breech that locks into the ejection port cut out in the slide the Sig Sauer System During the recoil stroke the barrel moves rearward initially locked together with the slide about 3 mm 0 12 in until the bullet leaves the barrel and chamber pressure drops to a safe level A ramped lug extension at the base of the barrel then interacts with a tapered locking block integrated into the frame forcing the barrel down and unlocking it from the slide This camming action terminates the barrel s movement while the slide continues back under recoil extracting and ejecting the spent cartridge casing The slide s uninterrupted rearward movement and counter recoil cycle are characteristic of the Browning system 62 Glock pistols incorporate a number of features intended to enhance reliability in adverse conditions such as utilizing advanced metal coatings stub slide guides instead of true frame rails and an unusual cocking mechanism wherein the trigger is partially responsible for cocking the striker 63 By relying partially on force from the shooter s trigger finger to cock the striker a Glock effectively reduces the load on the recoil spring as the slide moves forward into battery whereas almost all other striker fired pistols on the market rely fully on the recoil spring to cock the striker 64 This design gives the recoil spring fewer tasks as the action cycles helping to ensure that sufficient energy is available to strip a new round from the magazine and achieve full battery even when the breech chamber and or magazine are heavily fouled For these and other reasons Glock pistols are commonly considered to be some of the most reliable striker fired semi automatic handguns available with some independent testing even showing a Glock taking a lead over a SIG Sauer P320 65 in a wet dry reliability test even though the latter was selected as the winner of the U S Army s MHS competition Features edit nbsp A subcompact Glock 30 field stripped to its main groups with a 45 ACP roundThe slide features a spring loaded claw extractor and the stamped sheet metal ejector is pinned to the trigger mechanism housing 66 Pistols after 2002 have a reshaped extractor that serves as a loaded chamber indicator When a cartridge is present in the chamber a tactile metal edge protrudes slightly out immediately behind the ejection port on the right side of the slide 67 The striker firing mechanism has a spring loaded firing pin that is cocked in two stages that the firing pin spring powers The factory standard firing pin spring is rated at 24 N 5 4 lbf but by using a modified firing pin spring it can be increased to 28 N 6 3 lbf or to 31 N 7 0 lbf 68 When the pistol is charged the firing pin is in the half cock position As the trigger is pulled the firing pin is then fully cocked At the end of its travel the trigger bar is tilted downward by the connector releasing the firing pin to fire the cartridge The connector resets the trigger bar so that the firing pin will be captured in half cock at the end of the firing cycle This is known as a preset trigger mechanism referred to as the Safe action trigger by the manufacturer The connector ensures the pistol can only fire semiautomatically The factory standard two stage trigger has a trigger travel of 12 5 mm 0 49 in and is rated at 25 N 5 6 lbf but by using a modified connector it can be increased to 35 N 7 9 lbf or lowered to 20 N 4 5 lbf In response to a request made by American law enforcement agencies for a two stage trigger with increased trigger pull Glock introduced the NY1 New York trigger module which features a flat spring in a plastic housing that replaces the trigger bar s standard coil spring This trigger modification is available in two versions NY1 and NY2 that are rated at 25 N 5 6 lbf to 40 N 9 0 lbf and 32 N 7 2 lbf to 50 N 11 2 lbf respectively which require about 20 N 4 5 lbf to 30 N 6 7 lbf of force to disengage the safeties and another 10 N 2 2 lbf to 20 N 4 5 lbf in the second stage to fire a shot The Glock s frame magazine body and several other components are made from a high strength nylon based polymer invented by Gaston Glock called Polymer 2 69 This plastic was specially formulated to provide increased durability and is more resilient than carbon steel and most steel alloys Polymer 2 is resistant to shock caustic liquids and temperature extremes where traditional steel alloy frames would warp and become brittle 69 The injection molded frame contains four hardened steel guide rails for the slide two at the rear of the frame and the remaining pair above and in front of the trigger guard The trigger guard itself is squared off at the front and checkered The grip has an angle of 109 and a nonslip stippled surface on the sides and both the front and rear straps 70 The frame houses the locking block which is an investment casting that engages a 45 camming surface on the barrel s lower camming lug It is retained in the frame by a steel axis pin that holds the trigger and slide catch The trigger housing is held to the frame by means of a polymer pin A spring loaded sheet metal pressing serves as the slide catch which is secured from unintentional manipulation by a raised guard molded into the frame Because of its polymer construction there were initially fears that Glock pistols would be invisible to airport X ray machines making them easy to illegally import into the United States In actuality 84 of the gun s weight is from steel and Polymer 2 is visible to X ray machines The myth s prevalence is believed to be connected to a scene that perpetuated the myth in Die Hard 2 which released a few years after the Glock was invented 71 In 1988 the Undetectable Firearms Act was passed in the United States banning the manufacture or import of any gun that could pass undetected through a metal detector The Glock pistol has a relatively low slide profile which holds the barrel axis close to the shooter s hand and makes the pistol more comfortable to fire by reducing muzzle rise and allows for faster aim recovery in rapid firing sequences The rectangular slide is milled from a single block of ordnance grade steel using CNC machinery 72 The barrel and slide undergo two hardening processes prior to treatment with a proprietary nitriding process called Tenifer The Tenifer treatment is applied in a 500 C 932 F nitrate bath 69 The Tenifer finish is between 0 04 and 0 05 mm 0 0016 and 0 0020 in in thickness and is characterized by extreme resistance to wear and corrosion it penetrates the metal and treated parts have similar properties even below the surface to a certain depth 73 The Tenifer process produces a matte gray colored nonglare surface with a 64 Rockwell C hardness rating and a 99 resistance to salt water corrosion which meets or exceeds stainless steel specifications 72 making the Glock particularly suitable for individuals carrying the pistol concealed as the highly chloride resistant finish allows the pistol to better endure the effects of perspiration 73 Glock steel parts using the Tenifer treatment are more corrosion resistant than analogous gun parts having other finishes or treatments including Teflon bluing hard chrome plating or phosphates 73 During 2010 Glock switched from the salt bath nitriding Tenifer process to a not exactly disclosed gas nitriding process After applying the nitriding process a black Parkerized decorative surface finish is applied The underlying nitriding treatment will remain protecting these parts even if the decorative surface finish were to wear off 15 A fourth generation Glock 17 consists of 34 parts 68 For maintenance the pistol disassembles into five main groups the barrel slide frame magazine and recoil spring assembly The firearm is designed for the NATO standard 9 19mm Parabellum pistol cartridge but can use high power increased pressure P ammunition with either full metal jacket or jacketed hollow point projectiles Barrel edit The hammer forged barrel has a female type polygonal rifling with a right hand twist The stabilization of the round is not by conventional rifling using lands and grooves but rather through a polygonal profile consisting of a series of six or eight interconnected noncircular segments only the 45 ACP and 45 GAP have octagonal polygonal rifling Each depressed segment within the interior of the barrel is the equivalent of a groove in a conventional barrel Thus the interior of the barrel consists of smooth arcs of steel rather than sharply defined slots Instead of using a traditional broaching machine to cut the rifling into the bore the hammer forging process involves beating a slowly rotating mandrel through the bore to obtain the hexagonal or octagonal shape 74 As a result the barrel s thickness in the area of each groove is not compromised as with conventional square cut barrels This has the advantage of providing a better gas seal behind the projectile as the bore has a slightly smaller diameter which translates into more efficient use of the combustion gases trapped behind the bullet 74 slightly greater consistency in muzzle velocities and increased accuracy and ease of maintenance 75 The newer lines of Glock pistols i e Gen5 G42 43 are equipped with the Glock Marksmanship Barrel or GMB While older barrels were somewhat difficult to identify a bullet as coming from a particular barrel with high enough reliability for evidentiary use the newer GMB ones are designed differently A study by Stephen Christen and Hans Rudolf Jordi published by Forensic Science International in February 2019 shows that the new GMB barrels leave more identifiably unique markings on the fired projectile These marks were more easily identified than previous pistol barrel markings and were sufficient for reliably tying a bullet to a particular barrel The study used a comparison microscope and an ABIS Evofinder 76 Safety edit Glock pistols lack a traditional on off safety lever which Glock markets as an advantage especially to police departments as the user is able to fire immediately without separately manipulating a safety 77 Instead the pistols are designed with three independent safety mechanisms to prevent accidental discharge The system designated Safe Action by Glock consists of an external integrated trigger safety and two automatic internal safeties a firing pin safety and a drop safety 78 The external safety is a small inner lever contained in the trigger Pressing the lever activates the trigger bar and sheet metal connector The firing pin safety is a solid hardened steel pin that in the secured state blocks the firing pin channel disabling the firing pin in its longitudinal axis It is pushed upward to release the firing pin for firing only when the trigger is actuated and the safety is pushed up through the backward movement of the trigger bar The drop safety guides the trigger bar in a ramp that is released only when direct rearward pressure is applied to the trigger The three safety mechanisms are automatically disengaged one after the other when the trigger is squeezed and are automatically reactivated when the trigger is released 23 79 In 2003 Glock announced the Internal Locking System ILS safety feature named Glock Safety Lock 80 The ILS is a manually activated lock located in the back of the pistol s grip It is cylindrical in design and according to Glock each key is unique When activated the lock causes a tab to protrude from the rear of the grip giving both a visual and tactile indication as to whether the lock is engaged or not 81 When activated the ILS renders the Glock unfireable as well as making it impossible to disassemble When disengaged the ILS adds no further safety mechanisms to the Glock pistol The ILS is available as an option on most Glock pistols Glock pistols cannot be retrofitted to accommodate the ILS The lock must be factory built in Austria and shipped as a special order citation needed Feeding edit nbsp A Glock 9 19mm Parabellum 17 round magazine The numbered witness holes at the back portion visually indicate how many cartridges are contained in the magazine The Glock 17 feeds from staggered column or double stack magazines that have a 17 round capacity which can be extended to 19 with an optional floor plate or optional 24 or 33 round high capacity magazines 82 For jurisdictions which restrict magazine capacity to 10 rounds Glock offers single stack 10 round magazines The magazines are made of steel and are overmolded with plastic A steel spring drives a plastic follower After the last cartridge has been fired the slide remains open on the slide stop The slide stop release lever is located on the left side of the frame directly beneath the slide and can be manipulated by the thumb of the right handed shooter Glock magazines are interchangeable between models of the same caliber meaning that a compact or subcompact pistol will accept magazines designed for the larger pistols chambered for the same round However magazines designed for compact and subcompact models will not function in larger pistols because they are not tall enough to reach the slide and magazine release For example the subcompact Glock 26 will accept magazines from both the full size Glock 17 and the compact Glock 19 but the Glock 17 will not accept magazines from the smaller Glock 19 or the Glock 26 The magazines for the Glock 36 the Glock 42 the Glock 43 and the Glock 44 are all unique they cannot use magazines intended for another model nor can their magazines be used in other models Sights edit nbsp Standard sighting arrangement of a first generation Glock 17The first Glock pistols sent to the United States in 1985 failed to meet the BATF import points requirement requiring Glock to quickly develop an adjustable rear sight which allowed for the pistols to be imported and sold commercially in 1986 It is believed that Glock designed and created this adjustable rear sight over a weekend in order to meet the ATF s importation requirements and so it was dubbed the weekend sight These first generation adjustable rear sights extended past the slide and were susceptible to breaking 83 Even on later models the front sight can easily become misshapen from friction against the holster 84 leading to replacements with metal sights or tritium illuminated night sights 85 More commonly today the Glock 17 has a fixed polymer combat type sighting arrangement that consists of a ramped front sight and a notched rear sight with white contrast elements painted on for increased acquisition speed a white dot on the front post and a rectangular border on the rear notch Some newer rear sights can be adjusted for windage on certain models due to the windage sights not coming as factory default as it has a degree of lateral movement in the dovetail it is mounted in Three other factory rear sight configurations are available in addition to the standard 6 5 mm 0 26 in height sight a lower impact 6 1 mm 0 24 in sight and two higher impact versions 6 9 mm 0 27 in and 7 3 mm 0 29 in 86 Accessories edit This section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed June 2023 Learn how and when to remove this template message The Glock pistol accessories available from the factory include several devices for tactical illumination such as a series of front rail mounted Glock tactical lights featuring a white tactical light and an optional visible laser sight An alternate version of the tactical light using an invisible infrared light and laser sight is available designed to be used with an infrared night vision device Another lighting accessory is an adapter to mount a flashlight onto the bottom of a magazine Polymer holsters in various configurations and matching magazine pouches are available In addition Glock produces optional triggers recoil springs slide stops magazine release levers and maritime spring cups Maritime spring cups are designed to allow the pistol to be fired immediately after being submerged in water They feature additional openings that allow liquids to flow and escape around them offering enhanced reliability when water has penetrated into the firing pin assembly channel Magazine floor plates or 2 baseplates which expand the capacity of the standard magazines by two rounds are available for models chambered for the 9 19mm Parabellum 45 GAP 40 S amp W 357 SIG and 380 ACP cartridges In addition to the standard nonadjustable polymer sight line three alternative sight lines are offered by Glock These consist of steel adjustable and self illuminating tritium night rear sights and factory steel and self illuminating tritium contrast pointer steel front sights 87 The Glock 17 along with many variants can accept pistol conversion kits with one such example being the FAB Defense KPOS Scout 88 They can also accept special stocks like the Flux Defense Brace 89 Glock switch edit Main article Glock switch A Glock switch is an aftermarket accessory which depresses the firearm s sear allowing fully automatic fire Without the proper license they are illegal in the United States 90 Commemorative anniversary engraved and other rare Glocks edit Glock began producing limited edition and commemorative Glocks in 1991 Glock later produced a series of anniversary models to celebrate business milestones and in honor of 20 25 and 30 years of US sales Additionally many law enforcement agencies had the department name logo or badges engraved on the slides of issued duty weapons 34 Variants editFollowing the introduction of the Glock 17 numerous variants and versions have been offered Variants that differ in caliber frame and slide length are identified by different model numbers with the exception of a few models with a letter suffix the Glock 17L 19X 30S and 43X The original double stack small frame Glock pistols are made in five form factors all modeled after the original full sized Glock 17 Standard models are designed as full sized duty firearms with a large magazine capacity Compact models are slightly smaller with reduced magazine capacity and lighter weight while maintaining a usable grip length Subcompact models are designed for easier carry and being lighter and shorter are intended to be used with two fingers on the grip below the trigger guard and lack an accessory rail like the larger after generation two Glock models The other two form factors use the full size standard frame with longer slides that include a lower section to fill in the space between the frame s dust cover and the front of the slide The first of these are the long slide models which were too long for certain IPSC classes necessitating the creation of the intermediate competition models Currently available chamberings for all five form factors are 9mm Parabellum 9x21mm in certain countries and 40 Smith amp Wesson Additionally 357 SIG and 45 GAP chamberings are offered in standard compact and subcompact models while 380 ACP is offered only in compact and sub compact models Recently so called crossover versions in 9mm Parabellum pair short front to back compact frames with longer standard grip lengths This was initially to provide a longer grip higher capacity version of the Glock 19 Glock 19X and Glock 45 but Glock developed the Glock 47 for US Customs and Border Patrol which used the G45 frame with a G17 length slide that included a front section to fill in the gap between the dust cover and the front of the slide a design that fits the same overall dimensions as the Glock 17 Naturally the next step was to couple this slide with the Glock 19 Frame creating the Glock 49 There are also the wider double stack large frame Glock pistols for use with larger calibers currently in 10mm Auto and 45 ACP These models have bigger wider slides and frames and are larger than the smaller chambered pistols These come in only standard subcompact competition 45 ACP only and long slide 10mm only Additionally Glock introduced the subcompact Glock 30S in 45 ACP adjusted to use the slimmer lighter slide of the Glock 36 Also in 2007 Glock introduced a short frame version of these large frame weapons to provide a grip better suited to small hands The short frame was originally designed to compete in the now cancelled U S military Joint Combat Pistol trials for a new 45 ACP pistol to replace the M9 pistol Glock s entry featured an optional ambidextrous magazine release and MIL STD 1913 rail along with a reduction in the size of the backstrap The Glock 21SF was originally available in three versions one with a Picatinny rail and ambidextrous magazine release and two with a Universal Glock rail available with or without the ambidextrous magazine release However the ambidextrous release and picatinny rail were soon dropped As of January 2009 the Glock 20 21 29 and 30 were offered in short framed variations These models incorporate a 2 5 mm 0 098 in reduction in trigger reach and full sized models feature a 4 mm 0 16 in reduction in heel depth which corresponds to an overall reduction in length for those models 91 92 93 The short frame models were not introduced for the Gen 4 and Gen 5 models as the replaceable backstraps design makes a separate short frame version redundant Glock also produces single stack slimline models targeting the concealed carry market The first was introduced with Gen 3 in 45 ACP as the Glock 36 More recently after the introduction of Gen 5 came the Glock 42 in 380 ACP followed by the Glock 43 in 9mm Parabellum The most recent additions to the slimline series the 43X and 48 were introduced together in 9mm Parabellum These have longer grips that allow for a full three finger hold and a 10 round capacity The 43X is a long grip crossover 43 while the 48 has a longer slide to provide a slimline version of the compact Glock 19 Glock Variants with normal frame width slide size grip size Caliber Subcompact SC SC Compact C C C Standard Std Std C Std Std Competition Std Long Slide Std9 19mm G26 G19 a G46 G19X b G45 c G49 d G17 e G18 G47 f P80 G34 g G17L h 10mm Auto G29 G20 i G40 j 45 ACP G30 G30S k G21 l G41 m 40 S amp W G27 G23 G22 n G35 o G24 p 380 Auto G28 G25 357 SIG G33 G32 G31 45 G A P G39 G38 G3722 LR G44 G19 compact size slide is interchangeable with G47 and G49 standard size slides and the G19X and G45 compact size slides G19X compact size slide is interchangeable with G47 and G49 standard size slides and the G19 and G45 compact size slides G45 compact size slide is interchangeable with G47 and G49 standard size slides and the G19 and G19X compact size slides G49 standard size slide is interchangeable with G47 standard size slide and G19 G19X and G45 compact size slides G17 standard size slide is interchangeable with G17L long slide and G34 competition size slide G47 standard size slide is interchangeable with G49 standard size slide and G19 G19X and G45 compact size slides G34 competition size slide is interchangeable with G17 standard size slide and G17L long slide G17L long slide is interchangeable with G17 standard size slide and G34 competition size slide G20 standard size slide is interchangeable with G40 long slide G40 long slide is interchangeable with G20 standard size slide G30S slim slide is interchangeable with G36 slim slide G21 standard size slide is interchangeable with G41 long slide G41 long slide is interchangeable with G21 standard size slide G22 standard size slide is interchangeable with G24 long slide and G35 competition size slide G35 competition size slide is interchangeable with G22 standard size slide and G24 long slide G24 long slide is interchangeable with G22 standard size slide and G35 competition size slide Glock Variants with slimline frame width slide size grip size Caliber Subcompact SC SC SC Compact C C C9 19mm G43 slim a G43X slim b G48 slim c 45 ACP G36 slim d 380 Auto G42 slim G43 subcompact size slide is interchangeable with G43X subcompact and G48 compact slide G43X subcompact size slide is interchangeable with G43 subcompact and G48 compact slide G48 compact size slide is interchangeable with subcompact slides of G43 and G43X G36 slim slide is interchangeable with G30S slim slide 9 19mm Parabellum edit Glock 17 The Glock 17 is the original 9 19mm Parabellum model with a standard magazine capacity of 17 rounds introduced in 1982 Initial samples of the new civilian offering were marked Glock 82 But it was decided not to use the year to designate civilian models but to begin the model numbers at 17 and continue numerically from there Glock also offers a version of the standard magazine which incorporates a longer 2 base plate to provide a capacity of 19 rounds Also a 10 round version of the standard magazine was created for markets that restrict the magazine capacity of handguns And Glock offers an extended 24 round with flush base plate magazine for the Glock 17 Finally the Glock 17 can use the Glock 18 s extended 33 round with 2 base plate magazine The base plates for the extended magazines can be swapped out to create 26 and 31 round magazines as well The longest serving of the Glocks the Glock 17 can be had with numerous options such as a threaded barrel or slides cut for the Multi Optic System MOS Some options such as the universal Glock rail have become standard In addition some features have been given their own suffixed model designations creating entirely new models all of which can use the same magazines as the Glock 17 Glock 17L Introduced in 1988 the 17L incorporates a longer slide and extended barrel Initially the Glock 17L had three holes in the top of the barrel and a corresponding slot in the slide however later production pistols lack the holes in the barrel The Glock 17L is manufactured in limited quantities Glock 17C Introduced in 1996 the 17C incorporates slots cut in the barrel and slide to compensate for recoil Many other Glock pistols now come with this option all with a C suffix on the slide Glock 17MB The 17MB is a version with ambidextrous magazine catch This model along with the other MB variants was no longer available upon the introduction of the fourth generation models which have a reversible magazine catch Glock 17M Introduced in 2016 the 17M was created in response to an FBI solicitation for a new full size 9mm pistol Differences from the Generation 4 model include removal of the finger grooves ambidextrous slide lock rounded slide nose profile flared magazine well with new magazine baseplates and a tougher finish on metal components The Glock 17M also abandons the polygonal rifling of previous models for conventional rifling 94 As of 2017 update the Federal Bureau of Investigation the South Carolina Highway Patrol and the Ontario Provincial Police 95 have adopted the pistol as standard Glock P80 Introduced in 2020 the P80 was commissioned by United States firearms distributor Lipsey s to create an exclusive commemorative Glock model the Pistole 80 The P80 is a throwback to the original Glock 17 Gen 1 type pistol chambered in 9 19mm with original Gen 1 frame and stippling and Gen 2 Gen 3 internals nbsp Man firing a fully automatic 9 19mm Glock 18 machine pistol with a shoulder stockGlock 18 The Glock 18 is a selective fire variant of the Glock 17 developed at the request of the Austrian counter terrorist unit EKO Cobra and as a way to internally test Glock components under high strain conditions 96 Originally produced in 1986 this machine pistol class firearm has a lever type fire control circular selector switch installed on the serrated portion of the rear left side of the slide With the selector lever in the bottom position the pistol fires fully automatically at a cyclic rate of 1 100 1 200 RPM rounds per minute and with the selector lever in the top position the pistol fires semi automatically The firearm is typically used with an extended 33 round capacity magazine and may be fired with or without a shoulder stock although other magazines from the Glock 17 can be used with available capacities of 10 17 19 or 24 rounds Unlike all its other pistols it is only offered to military law enforcement and government organizations 97 Early Glock 18 models were ported to reduce muzzle rise during automatic fire A very early design introduced a longer ported barrel which was soon discarded as it would not fit in a holster Another compensated variant was produced known as the Glock 18C It has a keyhole opening cut into the forward portion of the slide similar to the opening on the Glock long slide models although the Glock 18 has a standard length slide The keyhole opening provides an area to allow the four progressively larger from back to front compensator cuts machined into the barrel to vent the propellant gases upwards affording more control over the rapid firing machine pistol Glock 18C The compensator cuts start about halfway back on the top of the barrel The two rear cuts are narrower than the two front cuts The slide is hollowed or dished out in a rectangular pattern between the rear of the ejection port and the rear sight The rate of fire in fully automatic mode is around 1 100 1 200 rounds per minute Most of the other characteristics are equivalent to the Glock 17 although the slide frame and certain fire control parts of the Glock 18 are not interchangeable with other Glock models 98 99 Glock 19 The Glock 19 is effectively a reduced size Glock 17 called the Compact by the manufacturer It was first produced in 1988 primarily for military and law enforcement The Glock 19 s barrel and pistol grip are shorter by about 12 mm 0 5 in than the Glock 17 and it uses a magazine with a standard capacity of 15 rounds A 10 round version of this magazine is also made for markets that restrict the magazine capacity of handguns And a 2 base plate can make the standard magazine into a longer 17 round magazine The pistol is also compatible with any magazines designed for the Glock 17 and Glock 18 providing factory magazine capacities of 17 19 24 and 33 Changing out base plates adds capacities of 26 or 31 To preserve the operational reliability of the short recoil system the mass of the slide remains the same as in the Glock 17 from which it is derived With the exception of the slide frame barrel locking block recoil spring guide rod and slide lock spring all of the other components are interchangeable between the models 17 and 19 The Glock 19 Gen 4 MOS Modular Optic System has also been used by Special Operations Forces as the MK27 MOD 2 100 One of the oldest of the Glock pistols options like threaded barrel and MOS slide cuts are available and suffixed model designations have been created for some features all of which excepting the G19X can use any magazine the G19 can nbsp Glock 19X proposed by Glock Ges m b H for XM17 Modular Handgun System competition Glock 19X The 19X is the civilian version of Glock s entry to the XM17 Modular Handgun System competition for the US Military It features a Glock 19 slide with a Glock 17 like frame in coyote color instead of the regular Glock black color The frame includes a lanyard loop and a front lip in the magazine which purpose is to make changing magazines with gloves on easier but this means the new Gen 5 17 round magazines cannot be used in the Glock 19X because the front lip will block the extended magazine floor plates from locking into the 19X s magazine well This can be remedied by switching to a Gen 4 style magazine floor plate 101 or with a factory 2 extension The G19X can use any factory G17 magazine for Gen 4 and prior It is only the Gen 5 17 and 19 round magazines that it can t accept The 19X comes standard with night sights and includes one 17 round magazine and two 19 round magazines all in coyote color The Glock 19X has proven to be one of Glock s best selling pistols with over 100 000 sold within 6 months of the 19X first being released 102 Glock 19M Introduced in 2016 the 19M was created in response to an FBI solicitation for a new compact 9mm pistol Differences from the Generation 4 model include removal of the finger grooves ambidextrous slide stop rounded slide nose profile flared magazine well with new magazine baseplates and a tougher finish on metal components The Glock 19M also abandons the polygonal rifling of previous models for conventional rifling The US Marine Corps fielded the Glock 19M designated as the M007 to CID Criminal Investigation Division and Marine One personnel 103 Glock 19 Canadian The limit for Restricted Class firearms in Canada is a 105mm barrel so due to its 102mm barrel the standard Glock 19 is too short to be legal Starting in 2017 a market specific Glock 19 has been sold in Canada with a 106mm barrel and a distinctive laser engraved hollow maple leaf on the right side of the slide 104 105 nbsp The subcompact Glock 26 with factory adjustable sights in 9 19mm Parabellum Glock 26 The Glock 26 is a 9 19mm subcompact variant designed for concealed carry and was introduced in 1995 mainly for the civilian market It has also been acquired by the US military and designated MK 26 106 107 108 It features a smaller frame compared to the Glock 19 with a pistol grip that supports only two fingers a shorter barrel and slide and a double stack magazine with a standard capacity of 10 rounds A factory magazine with a 2 extension gives a capacity of 12 rounds In addition the Glock 26 can use factory magazines from the Glock 17 Glock 18 and Glock 19 and one can swap out base plates to give it capacities of 15 17 19 24 26 31 and 33 rounds More than simply a shortened Glock 19 design of the subcompact Glock 26 required extensive rework of the frame locking block and spring assembly that features a dual recoil spring MOS options are available but so far the Glock universal rail is not offered There is also Glock 26 for U S Customs and Border Protection CBP This Glock is a Generation 5 Glock for the CBP that incorporates a flared magazine well with an extended longer grip than that of the usual Gen 5 Glock 26 Moreover the magazine well is flat across and has no bump as the Glock 25 Gen 5 or the G19X In addition it offers a Longer 11 round magazine 109 Glock 34 The Glock 34 is a competition version of the Glock 17 It is similar to its predecessor the Glock 17L but with a slightly shorter slide and barrel to meet the maximum size requirements for many sanctioned action pistol sporting events It was developed and produced in 1998 and compared to the Glock 17 features a 21 mm 0 8 in longer barrel and slide It has an extended magazine release extended slide stop lever 20 N 4 5 lbf trigger pull and an adjustable rear sight The sides at the front of the slide are slanted instead of squared Further the top of the slide and parts of its inside are milled out creating a conspicuous hole at the top designed to reduce front end muzzle weight to better balance the pistol and reduce the overall weight of the slide 110 The Glock 34 can accept any magazine the Glock 17 can accept Glock 43 The Glock 43 is a slimline version of the subcompact Glock 26 that features an ultracompact slide and frame The Glock 43 is the first Glock pistol to be manufactured with a single stack 9 19mm Parabellum magazine having a standard capacity of six rounds and being unique to the model Unlike other subcompact Glock pistols the Glock 43 cannot use factory magazines from its larger relatives due to its single stack magazine design It also does not allow the removal of the backplate grip as is possible on the 4th gen Glocks The magazine is thinner than the Glock 43X and the Glock 43 cannot accept magazines for the Glock 43X Glock 43X The 43X is similar to the 43 except it has a longer and thicker grip for an increased magazine capacity of 10 rounds The grip of the Glock 43X is comparable to the 48 and can be interchanged Glock 43X magazines do not fit into the Glock 43 or vice versa The 43X also features front slide serrations a built in extended beaver tail a reversible magazine catch similar to Gen 5 models GMB rifling again similar to Gen 5 models and a two tone finish silver slide black receiver 111 In the E U the 43X comes with a rail 112 At least three aftermarket sources manufacture 15 round flush fit magazines for the Glock 43X and Glock 48 which make the Glock 43X and Glock 48 match the standard capacity of the Glock 19 in a narrower pistol 113 nbsp Glock 45 MOSGlock 45 The Glock 45 similar to the Glock 19X incorporates Gen5 features catered for police use The Glock 45 frame features a Glock 17 full size grip length with a shorter Glock 19 length dust cover and is fitted with a Glock 19 slide with front slide serrations Unlike the Glock 19X the Glock 45 features a flared magazine well and can accommodate Gen 5 magazines because unlike the 19X the Glock 45 does not have the front lip that blocks the Gen 5 magazine s extended floor plate The Glock 45 also deletes the lanyard loop found at the back of the grip on the 19X and comes standard with plastic sights instead of the night sights standard on the 19X 114 Glock 46 The Glock 46 is a compact version like the Glock 19 This model has a rotating barrel breech lock system 115 It had been designed as option to bid for a service pistol with law enforcement agencies in Germany at state and federal level in mind The differing breech lock system makes it possible to disassemble the firearm without the need to press the trigger but only with no projectile chambered Also enhanced drop safety is a must the model complies with the specifications in the German technical guideline Technische Richtlinie Pistole for service pistols Police in Saxony Anhalt chose the Glock 46 TR among three competitors and are to receive up to 8 600 new pistols until 2021 for over 6 400 officers replacing their ageing Pistole 6 P6 a SIG Sauer P225 variant The state of Saxony Anhalt is the first introducing a pistol made by Glock as standard issue sidearm into its force 116 117 118 Glock 47 The Glock 47 is a full sized handgun created for the U S Customs and Border Protection who wanted a version of the Glock 17 that has full parts compatibility with a Glock 19 saving for the slide and barrel This means that the G47 slide and barrel can be put on a G19 frame to give the G19 a longer slide barrel and sight radius the equivalent of a Glock 49 and the G19 slide and barrel can be put on a G47 frame to create a pistol that functions like a Glock 45 The G47 recoil spring assembly is the same as for the G19 The G47 frame is the same as for the G45 with a shorter dust cover and the G17 length slide is modified to fill in the gap in a similar manner to the G34 The G47 also comes with MOS cuts and magazines that have the Gen 5 extended base plate 119 In short G47 and G19 Gen5 MOS MOD1 FS have modularity between both pistols 120 Reportedly the US Secret Service is also using this model and the G47 Gen 5 MOS is now available to the public Glock 48 The Glock 48 is a slimline version similar to the subcompact Glock 43 and 43X All components of the Glock 48 are identical to the Glock 43X except the slide and barrel which are longer The slides for the Glock 43 Glock 43X and Glock 48 are functional on any of those three frames The G48 features a 4 17 inch long barrel front slide serrations a built in extended beaver tail a reversible magazine catch similar to Gen 5 models GMB rifling again similar to Gen 5 models a two tone finish silver slide black receiver and a magazine capacity of 10 rounds 112 In the E U Glock offers the 48 and the 43X with a rail 112 At least three aftermarket sources manufacture 15 round flush fit magazines for the Glock 43X and Glock 48 which make the Glock 43X and Glock 48 match the standard capacity of the Glock 19 in a narrower pistol Glock 49 In May 2022 a photograph was posted by noted firearms author Larry Vickers who was asking for more information about the firearm pictured in the photograph The weapon marked Glock 49 appeared to be a Glock 47 with a shorter Glock 19 size grip and magazine The pictured Gen 5 firearm lacked any MOS slide cuts The handgun in that photo was apparently a sample and the Glock 49 has not been marketed in that form 121 Later in November 2023 American firearms distributor TALO Distributors announced the introduction of the Glock 49 Like Larry Vicker s photograph it used the full length Glock 47 slide and the Glock 19 frame It differs from Vickers photograph in that the slide is cut for the MOS optics option The model is sold exclusively through TALO Distributors and Glock does not offer to sell it directly 122 The new model is essentially a crossover similar to the Glock 45 but in reverse Instead of a compact slide mated to a full grip frame it is a full length slide mated to a compact frame 9 21mm edit nbsp Rare within the United States a Glock 17 chambered in 9 21mm The 9 21mm pistol cartridge was adopted and commercialized by Israel Military Industries for those markets such as in France Italy and Mexico a where military service cartridges like the 9 19mm Parabellum are banned for civilian use Glock produces 9x21mm chambered versions of the Model 17 and other 9mm Parabellum models 123 for these markets These alternative caliber versions are marked with the same model number as the 9mm Parabellum version b only differing in the barrel and caliber marking Glock does not export or produce the 9 21mm pistols for the United States commercial market This makes any 9 21mm Glock model a unique and are a highly desirable item for US firearm collectors A limited number of 9 21mm Glocks have found their way into the US and are mostly held by collectors and gun enthusiasts 124 Both France and Italy have since dropped this restriction This does not include the Glock 49 which is only being marketed to the US 10mm Auto edit nbsp The subcompact third generation Glock 29 in 10mm Auto Glock 20 The Glock 20 introduced in 1991 was developed for the then growing law enforcement and security forces market for the 10mm Auto The pistol handles both full power and reduced FBI loads that have reduced muzzle velocity Due to the longer cartridge and higher pressures the pistol is slightly larger than the Glock 17 having a roughly 2 5 mm 0 1 in greater width and 7 mm 0 3 in greater length Though many small parts interchange with the Glock 17 with a close to 50 parts commonality the major assemblies are scaled up and do not interchange The standard magazine capacity of the Glock 20 is 15 rounds and there are no other factory magazine offerings In 2009 Glock announced they would offer a 152 mm 6 0 in barrel as a drop in option 91 Glock 20SF The 20SF is a version of the Glock 20 that uses the Short Frame SF which is based on the standard G20 frame same width but reduces the trigger reach from the back of the grip by 2 5 mm 0 098 in and the heel of the pistol is shortened by 4 mm 0 16 in so the trigger can be reached and operated better by users with relatively small hands Glock 29 The Glock 29 is a 10mm Auto equivalent of the subcompact Glock 26 introduced in 1997 along with the Glock 30 45 ACP The pistol features a 96 mm 3 8 in barrel and a standard magazine capacity of 10 rounds Like other subcompact Glock pistols the Glock 29 functions with the factory magazines from its related full size model giving an optional capacity of 15 rounds Glock 29SF The 29SF version of the Glock 29 uses the SF which is based on the standard G29 frame same width but reduces the trigger reach from the back of the grip by 2 5 mm 0 098 in Glock 40 The Glock 40 introduced in 2015 is a 10mm Auto equivalent of the long slide Glock 17L The Glock 40 is only made with the Gen4 frame and MOS Modular Optic System configuration 125 The Glock 40 uses the same magazine as the Glock 20 45 ACP edit nbsp The slim frame Glock 36 in 45 ACPGlock pistols chambered for the 45 ACP and the 45 GAP feature octagonal polygonal rifling rather than the hexagonal shaped bores used for models in most other chamberings 126 Octagonal rifling provides a better gas seal in relatively large diameter rifled bores since an octagon resembles a circle more closely than a hexagon 75 Glock 21 The Glock 21 is a 45 ACP version of the Glock 20 designed primarily for the American market 127 Compared to the Glock 20 chambered in 10mm Auto the slide of the Glock 21 is lighter to compensate for the lower energy 45 ACP cartridge The standard Glock 21 magazine is of the single position feed staggered column type with a capacity of 13 rounds While there is no other factory magazine a 1 base plate is available to make the magazine 14 round Glock 21SF The 21SF is a version of the Glock 21 that uses a Short Frame lower which is based on the standard G21 frame same width but reduces trigger reach from the back of the grip by 2 5 mm 0 098 in and the heel of the pistol is shortened by 4 mm 0 16 in so the trigger can be reached and operated better by users with smaller hands Glock 30 The Glock 30 is a 45 ACP version of the subcompact Glock 29 with a standard magazine capacity of 10 rounds The standard magazine includes a 1 base plate and can be made into a 9 round magazine by swapping in a flush base plate The factory magazine from the Glock 21 with a capacity of 13 rounds 14 rounds with the 1 base plate will function in the Glock 30 Glock 30SF The 30SF is a version of the Glock 30 that uses a Short Frame lower which is based on the standard G30 frame same width but reduces trigger reach from the back of the grip by 2 5 mm 0 098 in The G30SF accepts the same double stack 45ACP magazines as the G30 and G21 128 Glock 30S The 30S is a version of the Glock 30 that features a thin slide same slide as the G36 a Short Frame lower and the same double stack magazines as the Glock 30 and 21 129 Like the G30 G30S magazines holds 10 rounds 130 Glock 36 The Glock 36 is a slimline version of the subcompact Glock 30 that features an ultracompact slide and frame and is chambered for the 45 ACP cartridge The Glock 36 is the first Glock pistol to be manufactured with a single stack magazine having a standard capacity of six rounds and being unique to the model The Glock 36 cannot use factory magazines from its larger relatives due to its single stack magazine design Glock 41 The Glock 41 is a competition version of the Glock 21 much like what the G34 is in relation to the G17 it features a 5 3 inch barrel and an elongated slide The Glock 41 is only made with the Gen4 frame 131 40 S amp W edit nbsp Glock 22 OD in 40 S amp W with Coyote Brown frame nbsp The competition oriented Glock 35 in 40 S amp WIn 1990 Smith amp Wesson and Winchester developed the 40 Smith amp Wesson by shortening the 10mm case This created a round that was more powerful than the 9mm Parabellum but with more manageable recoil The round was also still operable in the smaller frame size used for Glock 9mm models As is typical of many pistols chambered in 40 S amp W each of the standard Glock models 22 23 and 27 may be easily converted to the corresponding 357 SIG chambering Glock 31 32 and 33 respectively simply by replacing the barrel No other parts need to be replaced as the 40 S amp W magazines will feed the 357 SIG rounds Glock 22 The Glock 22 is a 40 S amp W version of the full sized Glock 17 introduced in 1990 The pistol uses a modified slide frame and barrel to account for the differences in size and power of the 40 S amp W cartridge The standard magazine capacity is 15 rounds A 10 round version of this magazine is also offered for those markets where the magazine capacity for handguns is restricted Additionally the standard magazine is available with a 1 base plate to make it a 16 round magazine And there is a Glock factory 22 round extended magazine offered One can also swap in the 1 base plate to make that a 23 round magazine The Glock Model 22 is favored and used by multiple law enforcement agencies around the world including the Baltimore Police Department Los Angeles Police Department Miami Police Department Maryland State Police Cumberland County Sheriff s Department NJ Overland Park Police Department Kansas City Police Department Missouri State Highway Patrol and Alaska State Troopers in the United States the NSW Police Force Queensland Police Service and the Northern Territory Police Force in Australia the Edmonton Police Service Calgary Police Service Alberta Sheriffs Branch Winnipeg Police Service Toronto Police Service Ottawa Police Service and British Columbia Sheriff Service in Canada and the National Bureau of Investigation Philippines Glock 23 The Glock 23 is a 40 S amp W version of the compact Glock 19 It is dimensionally identical to the Glock 19 but is slightly heavier and uses a modified slide frame 40 S amp W barrel and a standard magazine capacity of 13 rounds For jurisdictions limiting the magazine capacity of handguns Glock offers a 10 round version of the standard magazine as well There is also a factory 14 round version of the standard magazine using the 1 base plate Finally any magazine made for the Glock 22 will work in the Glock 23 Glock 24 The Glock 24 is a 40 S amp W long slide variant of the Glock 22 similar in concept to the Glock 17L Additionally a compensated ported barrel version designated the 24C was also produced The Glock 24 was introduced in 1994 and officially dropped from the company s regular product lineup upon the release of the Glock 34 and 35 132 The Glock 24 can use any magazine made for the Glock 22 Glock 27 The Glock 27 is a 40 S amp W version of the subcompact Glock 26 with a standard magazine capacity of 9 rounds Glock also offers a 10 round version of this magazine with the 1 base plate The factory magazines from the larger Glock 22 and 23 will function in the Glock 27 increasing capacity to 13 14 15 16 or 22 rounds Spacers are available that fit on these larger capacity magazines themselves they have the effect of extending the magazine well of the pistol thereby improving the ergonomic feel of the pistol when the longer magazines are inserted Glock 35 The Glock 35 is a 40 S amp W version of the competition Glock 34 The Glock Model 35 was the service pistol for the Kentucky State Police but by the summer of 2017 they had reverted from the Glock 35 back to 9mm weapons because of penetration improvements in the 9mm bullets noting some officers had never been able to make the switch from 9mm to 40 S amp W in the first place due to their struggles in mastering the higher caliber 133 The Glock 35 can use any magazine made for the Glock 22 380 ACP edit nbsp The Glock 42 chambered in 380 ACP is currently the smallest Glock handgun produced as of 2023 The Glock 42 was also the first Glock to be entirely manufactured domestically in the United States due to import export restrictions from Austria to the United States market The first two 380 ACP models Glock 25 and 28 were released in 1995 to provide a less powerful alternative to the 9mm Parabellum and 9x21mm and primarily intended for markets such as Brazil that prohibit civilian ownership of firearms chambered in more powerful calibers 134 Made in Austria they are legally prohibited from being imported for civilians in the United States lacking sufficient points to meet the import restrictions 135 Recently a limited run of the Glock 28 were manufactured in Glock s US plant for sale in the US The Glock 25 and 28 are also prohibited from ownership in Canada due to not meeting minimum barrel length requirements for handguns Due to the relatively low bolt thrust of the 380 ACP cartridge the locked breech design of the Glock 19 and Glock 26 was minimally modified for the Glock 25 and Glock 28 to implement unlocked breech operation It operates via straight blowback of the slide This required modification of the locking surfaces on the barrel as well as a redesign of the former locking block Unusual for a blowback design the barrel is not fixed to the frame It moves rearward in recoil until it is tilted below the slide similar to the standard locked breech system The reduced size and mass of the Glock 42 allowed for the return to the Glock standard locked breech design Glock 25 The Glock 25 introduced in 1995 is a blowback derivative of the compact 102 mm 4 0 in barrel Glock 19 The magazine capacity is 15 rounds Standard fixed sight elevation is 6 9 mm unlike the 6 5 mm elevation used for the 9 19mm models 136 Glock 28 The Glock 28 introduced in 1997 is a blowback derivative of the subcompact 87 mm 3 4 in barrel Glock 26 The standard magazine capacity is 10 rounds but the 15 round Glock 25 magazine will function in the Glock 28 Standard fixed sight elevation is 6 9 mm unlike the 6 5 mm elevation used for the 9 19mm Parabellum models Glock 42 The Glock 42 introduced in 2014 is a locked breech slimline 83 mm 3 3 in barrel design The single stack magazine has a capacity of six rounds It is Glock s smallest model ever made and is manufactured in the United States which unlike the Glock 25 and 28 allows it to be sold in the domestic USA market 357 SIG edit nbsp The subcompact Glock 33 in 357 SIGIn 1994 SIG and Federal developed the 357 SIG to match the ballistics of typical 357 Magnum loads This was done by necking down a shortened 10mm case to 357 so it was easy for Glock to alter their 40 Smith amp Wesson models to the new caliber As is typical of pistols chambered in 357 SIG each of the standard Glock models 31 32 and 33 may be easily converted to the corresponding 40 S amp W chambering Glock 22 23 and 27 respectively simply by replacing the barrel No other parts need to be replaced as the 357 SIG magazines will feed the 40 S amp W round Though marked as a different caliber the 357 SIG magazines are the same as for the 40 S amp W models and interchangeable Glock 31 The Glock 31 is a 357 SIG variant of the full sized Glock 22 The standard magazine capacity of the Glock 31 is 15 rounds It can accept magazines intended for the Glock 22 as well Glock 32 The Glock 32 is a 357 SIG variant of the compact Glock 23 The standard magazine capacity of the Glock 32 is 13 rounds It can accept magazines intended for the Glock 31 Glock 22 or Glock 23 as well Glock 33 The Glock 33 is a 357 SIG variant of the subcompact Glock 27 The standard magazine capacity of the Glock 33 is 9 rounds It can also accept magazines intended for the Glock 32 Glock 31 Glock 22 Glock 23 and Glock 27 45 GAP edit Glock pistols chambered for the 45 GAP and the 45 ACP feature octagonal polygonal rifling rather than the hexagonal shaped bores used for models in most other chamberings 126 Octagonal rifling provides a better gas seal in relatively large diameter rifled bores since an octagon will have shorter sides and shallower angles than a hexagon 75 Glock 37 The Glock 37 is a 45 GAP version of the Glock 17 It uses a wider beveled slide larger barrel and different magazine but is otherwise similar to the Glock 17 The Glock 37 first appeared in 2003 It was designed to offer ballistic performance comparable with the 45 ACP in the frame size of the Glock 17 The concern with the size of the Glock 20 21 has been addressed by the Glock 36 21SF and 30SF all of which featured reduced size frames The standard magazine capacity of the Glock 37 is 10 rounds Glock 38 The Glock 38 is a 45 GAP version of the compact Glock 19 137 The standard magazine capacity of the Glock 38 is 8 rounds but it can use the 10 round magazines of the Glock 37 Glock 39 The Glock 39 is a 45 GAP version of the subcompact Glock 26 The standard magazine capacity of the Glock 39 is 6 rounds but it can use the 8 and 10 round magazines of the Glock 37 and Glock 38 22 LR edit Glock 44 The Glock 44 is a 22 LR Long Rifle rimfire model based on the Glock 19 While the Glock 44 is similar in size as the Glock 19 the Glock 44 has a magazine capacity of 10 rounds and uses a simple blowback mechanism instead of a locked breech mechanism used on nearly all other Glock pistols 138 In addition the Glock 44 is lighter than the G19 weighing in at just 12 ounces and it retains Glock s popular polygonal rifling which has been tested by Glock to work with lead 22 bullets It uses a steel polymer composite slide due to the lower slide mass required to function with the less powerful cartridge 139 Production in other countries edit nbsp Iraqi police firing 9 mm Glock handguns at a firing rangeAside from the original Austrian company Glock pistols are manufactured by the Glock Inc subsidiary division located in the United States Those batches are identical to the Austrian made ones but they are marked as USA instead of AUSTRIA on the slide As of 2015 there were plans to assemble Glock 17 pistols at army workshops in Uruguay to fulfill the needs of the national military services and law enforcement organizations 140 Russian firms such as Skat 141 142 ORSIS 143 and Izhmash 144 assemble three models of Glock pistols locally the Glock 17 34 and 35 Clones editThird party frames and slides for Glock pistols began to appear in the early 2000s This has led to Glock becoming a generic term encompassing pistols not made by Glock Ges m b H especially as expiring patents allowed for complete Glock clones to be made 145 As of 2019 a large number of American companies produced Glock clones 146 There are three sidearms made by Iranian DIO s Shahid Kaveh Industry Complex which they call Ra ad has a safety selector possibly an unlicensed copy of Glock 17 Glock 19 and Kaveh 17 probably an improved Ra ad a variant of Glock 17S which all of them are unlicensed clones of Glock pistols 147 It is not known if they could make their way to Iranian military and replace the Browning Hi Power M1911 and SIG P226 pistols and they were possibly some prototypes and have never gone on mass production 148 Turkish company Akdal Arms produces a pistol named the Ghost TR01 which is heavily influenced by Glock pistols in its design 149 The Tatmadaw of Myanmar have adopted a clone of the Glock 17 known as the MA5 MK II which was first reported in 2018 150 They are currently being manufactured and adopted for Myanmar s special forces units 151 The 205th Arsenal in Taiwan produces a copy of the Glock 19 named the T97 pistol The Taiwan made Glocks were made to replace the Smith amp Wesson Model 5906 used by the Taiwan police but it ultimately did not enter service In 2017 it was reported that Norinco was able to make a clone of the Glock 17 152 known as the NP 7 or NP7 153 The pistol was subcontracted to Hunan Ordnance Industry Group through the Hunan Ordnance and Light Weapons Research Institute 154 155 Its features appear to be influenced by the fourth gen Glock 17 156 The NP7 is being marketed for export sales 156 Unlicensed Glock clones are made in Pakistan s Khyber region 157 which were first reported in 2018 158 159 Users edit nbsp A map with nations who use Glock models in blueCountry Organization Model nbsp Argentina Agrupacion de Fuerzas de Operaciones Especiales 160 17 19XBrigada Especial Operativa Halcon 161 17 18Coast guard GEOF Buenos Aires province police 17 161 nbsp Armenia National Police of Armenia 162 17 18 nbsp Australia Royal Australian Air Force 163 19 26Australian Federal Police 164 Australian Border Force New South Wales Police Force 165 Queensland Police Service 166 Western Australia Police Force 167 Northern Territory Police Force 168 Tasmania Police 169 17 19 22 23 26 27 nbsp Austria Austrian Armed Forces incl Militarpolizei 170 171 172 17 Pistole 80 18C 26 21Bundespolizei 173 EKO Cobra also G18 Min of Interior Justizwache Min of Justice 174 17 18 19 nbsp Azerbaijan For use with Special Military Services 160 Glock pistols purchased in 2013 175 19 nbsp Bangladesh Ordered by Bangladesh Army 176 26Used by SWAT of Bangladesh Police 177 17 nbsp Brazil Policia Federal Federal Police 178 17 19 26Policia Rodoviaria Federal Federal Highway Police 179 17 17 MOS 26Policia Militar do Estado de Sao Paulo Military Police of Sao Paulo State 180 22Policia Civil do Estado de Sao Paulo Civil Police of Sao Paulo State 181 22Policia Militar do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Military Police of Rio de Janeiro State 182 23Policia Militar do Estado do Espirito Santo Military Police of Espirito Santo State 183 17 22Policia Militar do Estado da Bahia Military Police of Bahia State 184 221º Batalhao de Forcas Especiais 185 17 21 nbsp Canada Ontario Provincial Police OPP 95 Quebec Provincial Police Surete du Quebec SQ 170 Winnipeg Police Service Tactical Support Team 186 17 17M 19 26 35 nbsp China Special Police Units 17 26 nbsp Czech Republic 601st Special Forces Group 187 nonstandard sidearm issued on international deployments 188 17Police of the Czech Republic mainly special units 189 17 nbsp Denmark Sirius Dog Sled Patrol Greenland 190 20 nbsp Ecuador National Police 170 Various special police units such as the GOE and GIR 170 17 nbsp Estonia Police and Border Guard Board 191 192 19Estonian Special Operations Force 193 19 nbsp Finland Finnish Defence Forces 194 17 as 9 00 PIST 2008 Finnish Police primary service firearm 195 Border Guard Ministry of Interior 194 17 19 26Criminal Sanctions Agency Dept of Corrections Vankeinhoitolaitos Ministry of Justice 194 nbsp France French Armed Forces 196 197 31 198 199 17 17 MOS 19 26 34 nbsp Georgia Mainly used by GSOF and some MIA units 170 171 Became standard issue for Georgian Ministry of Internal Affairs forces in October 2021 200 17 21 26 nbsp Germany Kampfschwimmer of the Bundeswehr G17 issued under designation P9 201 118 17Federal and State Police tactical units GSG 9 SEKs Customs ZUZ G17 G19 G26 118 17 19 26State Police in Saxony Anhalt about 8 600 G46 TR standard issue firearm 118 116 46 nbsp Greece Eidikh Katastaltikh Antitromokratikh Monada EKAM unit of the Hellenic Police 202 21 nbsp Hong Kong Hong Kong Police Force incl special units SDU CTRU ASU SBDIV 170 ICAC C amp E Dept 17 19 nbsp Iceland Iceland Crisis Response Unit Ministry of Foreign Affairs 203 204 205 Icelandic National Police 203 204 205 Vikingasveitin units 203 204 205 Ministry of Interiour nbsp India Standard Issue side arm for special forces Para SF Army MARCOS Navy National Security Guard Min of Home Aff 170 17 26 nbsp Indonesia Indonesian National Armed Forces Army Navy Air Force 206 207 208 209 210 17 19 26 42Indonesian National Police 211 17 nbsp Iraq Iraqi security forces military and law enforcement forces purchased 125 163 pistols 212 19 nbsp Israel Israeli Defense Forces 171 Israel Police 17 19 nbsp Jordan Royal Guard 170 nbsp Kosovo Kosovo Police Kosovo Security Force 213 214 17 nbsp Latvia Latvian Military 171 standard issue pistols with Land Forces 215 216 217 17 19 21 26 nbsp Lithuania Lithuanian Armed Forces 171 218 17Lithuanian Police 219 17 19 26 nbsp Luxembourg Luxembourg Army 220 17Unite Speciale de la Police of the Grand Ducal Police 221 222 17 26 nbsp Malaysia Malaysian Armed Forces 223 17 19 34Malaysia Coast Guard MMEA 224 Royal Malaysia Police 223 Ministry of Home Affairs 17 18 19 26 34Royal Malaysian Customs Ministry of Finance 225 17 19 26 43 nbsp Mexico Armada de Mexico Navy 170 17 nbsp Monaco Compagnie des Carabiniers du Prince 226 227 17 nbsp Montenegro Armed Forces of Montenegro standard military sidearm 228 17 nbsp Myanmar Used by Myanmar Army 192 and the Myanmar Police Special Task Force Manufactured locally as MA 1 MK II 229 MA5 MK II nbsp Netherlands Military of the Netherlands 171 230 231 Royal Marechaussee Min of Defence BSB sections Persoonsbeveiliging PB Observatie Team OT and Sky Marshals also use Glock 26 232 17 18 26Dutch Police standard issue firearm of the Dienst Speciale Interventies 233 234 235 17 nbsp New Zealand New Zealand Defence Force 236 17New Zealand Police 237 an unarmed service but are trained to use firearms 17 nbsp Norway Norwegian Armed Forces 170 171 17 P 80 P 80NM1 P 80NM2 nbsp Pakistan In use with Special Service Group units 238 17 19 nbsp Philippines Armed Forces of the Philippines 239 Philippine Army 239 Philippine Marine Corps MARSOG 240 Presidential Security Group joint service unit 170 17 21National Intelligence Coordinating Agency Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency 170 Office of President 170 National Bureau of Investigation Dept of Justice 170 Philippine National Police DILG 170 17 nbsp Peru Peruvian Air Force Peruvian Army Peruvian Navy Direccion Nacional Antidrogas 17 nbsp Poland Polish Armed Forces 171 17Border Guard 241 Polish Police 242 Ministry of Interior and Admin 17 19 26 nbsp Portugal Portuguese Army 243 Portuguese Marine Corps 171 244 Maritime Police 245 Military Judiciary Police 246 Ministry of National Defence 17Guarda Nacional Republicana 244 Policia de Seguranca Publica 247 Foreigners and Borders Service 248 Municipal Police 249 Ministry of Internal Administration 19 19XJudiciary Police 250 Prison Guard 251 Ministry of Justice 19 26 nbsp Romania Romanian Armed Forces 171 17 17L 19 nbsp Russia Special Operations Forces 252 17 26Federal Security Service FSB 253 Ministry of Internal Affairs MVD special forces 254 255 17 19 nbsp Serbia Police of Serbia 256 257 17 19 21 35 nbsp Singapore Singapore Police Force 258 Prison Service Ministry of Home Affairs 259 19 nbsp Slovakia 5th Special Operations Regiment Slovakia 260 17Slovak Police Force 261 nbsp Spain Unidad Especial de Intervencion UEI group of Spanish Civil Guard 262 Special Naval Warfare Force 263 Army s Special Operations Command 264 17 19 43 nbsp Sweden Swedish Armed Forces 171 265 266 17 Pistol 88 88C 88C2 19 Pistol 88B 88D Swedish Police Authority 267 45 nbsp Switzerland Swiss Armed Forces Military Police Swiss Grenadiers ARD 10 FSK 17 268 17 26Police Gendarmerie Cantonal of Geneva 269 19 nbsp Taiwan Various criminal investigation bureaus outside major cities 270 19 nbsp Thailand Royal Thai Police at least 2 238 G19 170 G17 used by Arintharat 26 Naresuan 261 units G17 and G19 used by Royal Thai Army 271 17 19 nbsp Timor Leste National Police of East Timor 272 19 nbsp Tunisia Unite Speciale Garde Nationale 273 17 34 nbsp Turkey Used by Special Forces Command 274 17 19 nbsp Ukraine Ukrainian Armed Forces 275 17 nbsp United Kingdom British Armed Forces 276 17 L131A1 277 278 17T L132A1 19 L137A1 278 Specialist Firearms Command of the Metropolitan Police 279 17 17M 19 19M 26 280 Police Scotland 281 17Police Service of Northern Ireland 282 17 nbsp United States USSOCOM 100 106 107 108 United States Marine Forces Special Operations Command 283 United States Navy SEALs 284 19 19M 26U S Customs and Border Protection 285 286 United States Coast Guard 287 Dept of Homeland Security 19 26 47 19Federal Bureau of Investigation 288 Bureau of Alcohol Tobacco Firearms and Explosives 289 Drug Enforcement Administration 290 Dept of Justice 17M 19 19M 22 23 27Alaska State Troopers 291 22Baltimore City Police Department 292 17 22Colorado State University Police Department 293 17 19Kansas Highway Patrol 294 17Kentucky State Police SRT 295 Trigg County Sheriff s Office 27 35New York City Police Department 296 New York State Police 297 New York State University Police 298 17 19 21 22 23 27New Jersey State Police 299 Port Authority Police Department 300 19South Carolina Highway Patrol 301 17MDallas Police Department 302 17 19Douglas County Sheriff s Department Douglas County Oregon 303 18Houston Police Department 302 17 nbsp Uruguay Uruguayan National Army 304 17 nbsp Vatican City Swiss Guard 305 19Gendarmerie of Vatican City 305 17 nbsp Venezuela Venezuelan Armed Forces 170 171 17 nbsp Vietnam Mobile Police 19 306 nbsp Yemen Military of Yemen 307 19Criminal use editA 2014 report by the Chicago Police Department revealed that Glock pistols are the third most traced handgun coming after Smith amp Wesson and Sturm Ruger amp Co 308 Glock pistols have been used in mass shootings in the United States including the 1991 Luby s shooting the 2007 Virginia Tech shooting the 2011 Tucson shooting the 2012 Aurora shooting the 2012 Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting the 2015 Charleston church shooting the 2016 Orlando nightclub shooting the Pittsburgh synagogue shooting and the 2022 New York City Subway attack Experts on gun control mass shootings and defense training have cited factors such as reliability ease of use and commonness The criminal use of handguns including Glocks has led to calls for increased gun control in the United States 309 310 311 This common usage however has been described by Paul M Barrett to be a result of Glock s overall popularity and market presence in the US and that this level of violence isn t necessarily tied to a particular to a brand In the late 80s gun control advocates had similarly focused on Glock pistols because of their magazine capacity compared to six shot revolvers but also their futuristic distinct appearance They were singled out for restriction by some jurisdictions and were branded the hijacker s special based on the false assumption that they could bypass airport metal detectors because of their polymer frame This was refuted in Congressional hearings by the ATF FAA and other organizations responsible for airline security which proved embarrassing for the bans advocates and provided significant publicity for Glock 312 better source needed In April 2022 Ilene Steur a survivor of the 2022 NYC subway attack sued Glock and its Austrian parent company for compensation for her physical injuries and emotional pain 313 Glock pistols have also been used in mass shootings elsewhere in the world including the 2002 Erfurt massacre the 2001 Nepalese royal massacre the 2011 Norway attacks the 2016 Munich shooting the 2023 Prague shooting and the killings commited by Viktor Kalivoda in 2005 See also editGlock entrenching tool Glock knifeReferences edit Safak Yeni PKK ya ait silahlar ele gecirildi Yeni Safak in Turkish Retrieved 24 June 2023 Howard Altman 5 July 2023 Ukraine Situation Report A Peek Into Prigozhin s Bizarre Pad Archived from the original on 8 July 2023 According to Fontanka two Saiga carbines an Austrian Stey carbine an Arka semi automatic rifle and several other rifles and pistols were among the items returned to Prighozin The most revered of all those weapons however was a Glock pistol Prigozhin was awarded by Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu according to Fontanka Ukrainian Kraken Regiment show their small arms and revolver grenade launchers Ukrainska Pravda 5 March 2023 Archived from the original on 8 March 2023 Kraken s arsenal includes Austrian Glock pistols Swiss B amp T submachine guns American M4A1 assault rifles DD MK18 Belgian Scar rifles and lightweight multi shot RBG6 hand grenade launchers made in Croatia war noir 9 January 2024 Ecuador A recent footage 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